ÿWPC…$ v{¨`¾eö…°o¡„¬ãX 5³`>'ù˜–æAÁ|…Ã{L”o¢S³À¬My|Ä}ŒÛÿbÛ8ϯ½ÜKUsÛ÷Ë/ è¯´_…Õ€ÃTMN(<­&$VUžó(B7NdÉ›(ÄYÎ7Ã$¶ ñÛ~‰ÎÄÚžÁ´•½¼å·¹¯ÒËr¨DqI±“z6góÝCî.žMê;;jß ¡b¯ÆoSÄóîJJŒæ«]ï#Da‰%±s ¬¢ õÏ£€4•ždЊ«þƒŸvd&£ÂÌi}â]¸b¶%($ã¡Åð“5NB3((æ3;-–j‡ LÍIlùkÈ׋ GKÒ^q¬™ªÌ{z©ª—Û1ÍÛ9}IôtUØö«£6v¼·–rE³˜NB¡ÄyǦ©?í$µaêØ4"Æ|Üé·gÿgVƒ•‰Î”ŸŠ‡5n`Þ/Šð/ø{øã¡Íyø¤”ûs PéTD%³ˆVõß)Kö-q-pg>¾øÃ–¤< „¢MkUõø¥þ‹ÝÕRjÎí×*–€&O;)áÙ§U»2º´ÕîÇtÐåÔÌô—+‚¦Ì تg svŒ~°UX(s8ÕQãë5«•Æ5üÊá)  '†òÈ`ưbU!N\ %ª 0ˆ°^ 8wD4H\ zkÒå· m¹ #ÁÐ 0D‘ ÆÕ Æ› Æa Æ'2íN!É)Eò×ô» ËËËËËô†††††††††††††††††bzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzz 0ë‚‚‚‚ Bm m 0¤Š D3.! D-a! 0KŽ!Ž! ASÙ!Æ," 0¤ò" 0D–# A«Ú#(ÈhH  Z6Times New Roman Regular»(`£ª$¡¡Ñ€.ÑÑ8€½­»»d»»d8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  Ó뢎) ÖJ~'p¯¤3|x ˜C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wptÿU‹ÿÀÀÀ˜HP LaserJet 4000 Series PCL 6ÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈ0(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  ÚóóLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5‚Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5„Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5…Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5 (Ý ƒRoÔ$ÝÓ  Óà  àòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÔ€ôX•ò»»ÔÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÔ_ÔHad€the€case€proceeded€to€trial,€the€State€would€have€presented€testimony€revealing€that€the€safe€contained€Ð ° Ð21.65€grams€of€marijuana.  ¿Ý ƒRoÔ$ÝÓ  Óà  àòòÚ  Ú5Ú  ÚóóÔ€ôX•ò»»ÔÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÔ_ÔThe€author€of€this€opinion€respectfully€dissented€from€this€courtððs€opinion€in€òòState€v.€Harrisóó,€finding€theÐ ° Ðcertified€question€too€broad€to€comport€with€the€requirements€of€òòPrestonóó.€€òòSeeóó€€òòHarrisóó,€919€S.W.2d€at€625€(Hayes,€J.,Ð n¾ Ðdissenting). ÍÝ ƒRoÔ$ÝÓ  Óà  àòòÚ  Ú4Ú  ÚóóÔ€ôX•ò»»ÔÝ  ÝÔ_ÔWe€acknowledge€that€the€one€circumstance€in€which€some€variance€in€the€òòPrestonóó€requirements€is€allowedÐ ° Ðis€when€the€final€order€incorporates€by€reference€some€other€document€or€documents€which€contain€the€elementsÐ n¾ Ðrequired€by€òòPrestonóó.€€òòSeeóó€€òòPendergrassóó,€937€S.W.2d€at€837. ± Ý ƒRoÔ$ÝÓ  Óà  àòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÔ€ôX•ò»»ÔÝ  ÝÔ_ÔThe€following€findings€were€entered€by€the€trial€court:Ð ° Ðà8  à1.€€That€the€warrantless€entry€into€the€Defendant's€apartment€was€justified€by€Officers€Wright€andÐ n¾ ÐTreanor,€as€there€was€probable€cause€to€believe€illegal€drug€use/activity€was€taking€place€in€theÐ ,| Ðapartment€and€exigent€circumstances€(i.e.,€destruction€of€evidence)€existed.Ðê:Ð Ð  ÐÌà8  à2.€€That€the€consent€to€search€the€Defendant's€apartment€was€not€invalid.€€A€threat€to€obtain€a€searchÐ f¶ Ðwarrant€can€invalidate€a€subsequent€consent€if€there€were€not€then€grounds€upon€which€a€warrantÐ $ t Ðcould€issue.€[Citation€omitted].€€Based€upon€the€smell€of€Marihuana€and€the€illegal€contraband€alreadyÐ â 2 Ðspotted€in€the€Defendant's€apartment€by€Officer€Treanor€and€Officer€Wright,€there€were€sufficientÐ   ð Ðgrounds€for€a€search€warrant€to€be€issued.Ð^ ® Ð Ð  ÐÌà8  à3.€€That€the€Defendant€was€advised€of€his€Miranda€rights€and€the€consequence€of€waiver€of€such€rightsÐ Ú *  Ðby€at€least€two€Franklin€police€officers.€€This€waiver€was€valid€in€that€it€was€made€voluntarily,Ð ˜ è  Ðknowingly,€and€intelligently.€€The€conduct€of€the€law€enforcement€officers€was€not€such€as€wouldÐ V¦  Ð"undermine€the€Defendant's€free€will€and€critically€impair€his€capacity€for€self„determination€so€asÐ d  Ðto€bring€about€an€involuntary€confession."€€[Citation€omitted].€€The€promise€made€by€a€police€officerÐ Ò"  Ðat€the€Defendant's€apartment€that€he€would€not€be€charged€if€the€safe€and€its€contents€were€not€his€isÐ à  Ðunrefuted.€€Therefore,€any€promise€made€by€the€police€officers€was€conditioned€upon€ownership€ofÐ Nž   Ðthe€safe€being€in€someone€other€than€the€Defendant.аРР ÐÌà8  à4.€€That€the€proof€introduced€.€.€.€does€not€support€a€conclusion€that€the€Defendant's€placement€in€aÐ ,| Ðroom€at€the€Franklin€Police€Department€for€ten€to€fifteen€minutes€was€so€frightening€or€intimidatingÐ ê: Ðas€to€"undermine€his€free€will€and€critically€impair€his€capacity€for€self„determination."€[CitationÐ ¨ø Ðomitted].Ðf¶Ð Ð  ÐÌ êÝ ƒRoÔ$ÝÓ  Óà  àòòÚ  Ú3Ú  ÚóóÔ€ôX•ò»»ÔÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÔ_ÔAn€issue€is€dispositive€when€this€court€must€either€affirm€the€judgment€or€reverse€and€dismiss.€€òòState€v.Ð ° ÐWilkesóó,€684€S.W.2d€663€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1984).€€That€is€to€say€that,€if€we€should€find€the€Appellant's€position€correct,Ð n¾ Ðthere€would€be€no€case€to€prosecute€as€there€would€be€no€proof€to€convict.- ù-(|G2oÔ$¤¤Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€=±»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  ÚóóÔ€ôX•ò»»Ô d(|3Vs$££Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€=±»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝVVVV'ÿÿdxd)!ÈÈÈÈdxdx( ±þ$’’ò òFigure€Ú  Ú1Ú  Úó ó^_X`YEþÿ<<CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(|3Vs$¢¢Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€=±»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó óX[Z&OLE 2.0 Box <=8ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿCÿÿ HKKKKÝ ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€=±»»ddÈ8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÑ  ÑÑ  ÑÔ€¼=±»»»ÔÑ8€T XXdæ»»d8Ñà@ttìàÔ‡îò=±ÔIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEˆÐ ° Ðà@kk$ìàAT€NASHVILLEÔ#†¼=±»îîò #ԈРР ÐÓ  Óà @ àà @` àNovember€14,€2000€SessionÐ ð@ ÐÔ‡XT X»¼=±ÔÌò òÔ#†¼=±»XXT #ÔSTATE€OF€TENNESSEEòòóó€v.€RANDAL€L.€CHEEKòòóóÔ‡XT X»¼=±Ôó óÐ ä4 ÐÌà@@½½ìàò òDirect€Appeal€from€the€Circuit€Court€for€Williamson€CountyÐ Ø ( Ðà@@øøìàNo.€II„399„70€€€€€€Timothy€L.€Easter,€JudgeÐ ¾  ÐÌÌà@@ìì*ìàßA€V) °°` d€÷E<o` AßÐ pÀ  ÐÌà@@TTìàNo.€M2000„00203„CCA„R3„CD€„€Filed€December€14,€Ô_Ô2000Ô_ÔÐ eµ  ÐÌßA€V) °°` dE<0` AßÐ 1  Ðó óÌÓ  ÓThis€appeal€presents€review€of€a€certified€question€of€law€following€the€Appellantððs€guilty€pleas€toÐ &v  Ðpossession€of€marijuana€with€intent€to€sell€and€possession€of€drug€paraphernalia.€€Pursuant€to€hisÐ  \ Ðnegotiated€plea€agreement,€the€court€imposed€an€effective€sentence€of€ò ò€ó óone€and€one„half€years,Ð òB Ðsuspended€after€five€days€confinement€followed€by€two€years€probation.Ô#†¼=±»XXT Ž#ÔÔ‡XT X»¼=±Ôò ò€ó óAlso,€as€part€of€the€pleaÐ Ø( Ðagreement,€the€Appellant€explicitly€reserved,€with€the€consent€of€the€trial€court€and€the€State,€aÐ ¾ Ðcertified€question€of€law€challenging€the€courtððs€denial€of€the€Appellantððs€motion€to€suppress.€€OnÐ ¤ô Ðappeal,€the€State€contends€that€(1)€the€certified€question€of€law€is€not€contained€in€the€finalÐ ŠÚ Ðjudgments€nor€is€it€incorporated€by€reference€and€(2)€the€question€is€not€clearly€stated€so€as€toÐ pÀ Ðidentify€the€scope€and€limits€of€the€legal€issue.€€After€review,€we€find€that€the€question€of€lawÐ V¦ Ðpresented€fails€to€identify€with€sufficient€clarity€the€scope€and€boundaries€of€the€issue€reserved.€Ð <Œ ÐAccordingly,€the€appeal€is€hereby€dismissed€and€this€case€is€remanded€to€the€trial€court.Ð "r ÐÔ#†¼=±»XXT #ÔÔ‡XT X»¼=±ÔÓ¼ÓÌò òTenn.€R.€App.€P.€3;€Appeal€Dismissedó óÐ î> ÐÌòòÓ  ÓÔ#†¼=±»àXT P #ÔÔ‡XT X.¼=±ÔDavid€G.€Hayes,€J.óó,€delivered€the€opinion€of€the€court,€in€which€òòJerry€L.€Smithóó€and€òòNormaÐ º  ÐMcGee€Ogleóó,€JJ.,€joined.Ð  ð ÐÌBrent€Owen€Horst,€Nashville,€Tennessee,€for€the€Appellant,€Randal€L.€Cheek.Ð l!¼! ÐÌPaul€G.€Summers,€Attorney€General€and€Reporter,€Michael€Moore,€Solicitor€General,€David€H.Ð 8#ˆ# ÐFindley,€Assistant€Attorney€General,€Ronald€L.€Davis,€District€Attorney€General,€and€Jeff€Burkes,Ð $n$ ÐAssistant€District€Attorney€General,€for€the€appellee,€State€of€Tennessee.Ð %T % ÐÔ#†¼=±»XXT ò #ÔÔ‡XT X»¼=±ÔÌÓà ÓÌà@@OO&ìàò òOPINIONó óÔ#†¼=±»XXT „ #ÔÔ‡XT X»¼=±ÔÐ ¶'#( ÐÌòòóóÔ#†¼=±»XXT ÷ #ÔÓ  ÓÔ€XT X»¼=±ÔÌÔ‡¼=±»XXT Ôà  àÔ#†XT X»¼=±#ÔThe€Appellant,€Randal€L.€Cheek,€appeals€from€judgments€of€conviction€entered€by€theÐ h*¸%+ ÐWilliamson€County€Circuit€Court.€€The€appellant€pled€guilty€to€one€count€of€possession€of€marijuanaÐ N+ž&, Ðwith€intent€to€sell,€a€class€E€felony,€and€one€count€of€misdemeanor€possession€of€drug€paraphernalia.€Ð 4,„'- ÐPursuant€to€the€negotiated€plea€agreement,€the€Appellant€received€an€effective€sentence€of€one€andÐ -j(.ý Ðone„half€years,€suspended€after€five€days€service€in€the€county€workhouse€and€followed€by€two€yearsÐ ° Ðprobation.€€As€a€condition€of€the€plea€agreement,€the€Appellant€reserved€the€right€to€appeal,€as€aÐ –æ Ðcertified€question€of€law,€the€trial€court's€denial€of€his€motion€to€suppress.€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€R.€App.€P.€3(b);Ð |Ì ÐTenn.€R.€Crim.€P.€37(b).€€Specifically,€the€certified€question,€reserved€in€the€ð ðAddendum€to€theÐ b² ÐJudgment,ðð€is€ð ðwhether€there€was€a€lawful€or€unlawful€search€of€his€residence€by€police€officers.ððÐ H˜ ÐÌà  àAfter€review€of€the€record,€we€find€the€question€not€properly€certified€because€it€fails€toÐ  d Ðclearly€identify€the€scope€and€the€limits€of€the€legal€issue€reserved.€€Accordingly,€the€appeal€isÐ ú J Ðdismissed,€the€guilty€pleas€are€vacated,€and€the€case€remanded€to€the€trial€court€for€furtherÐ à 0 Ðproceedings.Ð Æ   ÐÌà@ÛÛ%ìàò òBackgroundó óˆÐ ’â  ÐÌà  àOn€October€29,€1998,€Franklin€Police€Officers€Wright€and€Treanor€were€advised€by€radioÐ ^®  Ðdispatch€that€illegal€drug€activity€was€observed€at€725€Cooks€Court€in€Williamson€County.€€TheÐ D”  Ðinformation€was€received€from€a€Domino's€Pizza€delivery€person€who€had€just€delivered€a€pizza€toÐ *z  Ðthe€Cooks€Court€residence€and€had€detected€the€odor€of€marijuana.€€Armed€solely€with€thisÐ ` Ðinformation,€the€officers€arrived€at€the€apartment€and€knocked€at€the€door.€€One€of€the€occupants,Ð öF ÐCharles€Peer,€opened€the€door€for€the€officers.€€The€officers,€standing€in€the€doorway,€immediatelyÐ Ü, Ðnoticed€a€strong€odor€of€marijuana€in€the€apartment,€which€was€consistent€with€the€report€receivedÐ Â Ðfrom€the€pizza€delivery€person.€€The€officers€advised€Peer€to€step€back€and€they€entered€theÐ ¨ø Ðresidence.€€In€plain€view€on€the€coffee€table,€the€officers€observed€a€green€leafy€substance,€a€set€ofÐ ŽÞ Ðelectronic€scales,€cans€of€alcohol,€and€drug€paraphernalia,€which€included€rolling€papers€and€aÐ tÄ Ðhomemade€bong.€€Besides€Peer,€three€other€individuals,€two€of€them€juveniles,€were€present€in€theÐ Zª Ðresidence.€€The€female€juvenile€advised€the€officers€that€the€Appellant,€who€was€at€work,€was€theÐ @ Ðlessee€of€the€apartment.€€Officer€Wright€directed€this€juvenile€to€telephone€the€Appellant€at€his€placeÐ &v Ðof€employment€and€have€him€return€to€his€residence.€Ð  \ ÐÌà  àUpon€the€Appellantððs€arrival,€Officer€Wright€asked€for€the€Appellant's€permission€to€searchÐ Ø( Ðthe€rest€of€the€apartment.€€The€Appellant€consented.€€In€the€closet€of€one€of€the€bedrooms,€theÐ ¾ Ðofficers€discovered€a€small€safe€with€plastic€baggies€on€top.€€Upon€closer€inspection€of€the€safe,€theÐ ¤ô Ðofficers€could€detect€a€strong€odor€of€marijuana€emanating€from€the€small€safe.׃×Ý ƒ #ÃÝòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€When€questionedÐ Š Ú Ðby€the€officers€as€to€the€safe,€the€Appellant€immediately€denied€ownership€and€explained€that€theÐ p!À  Ðsafe€belonged€to€an€ex„roommate€who€had€since€moved.€€The€Appellant€likewise€denied€anyÐ V"¦! Ðknowledge€of€the€contents€of€the€safe.€€Officer€Wright€then€seized€the€safe,€the€drug€paraphernalia,Ð <#Œ" Ðand€the€green€leafy€material.Ð "$r# ÐÌà  àAlthough€the€Appellant€was€not€placed€under€arrest€at€this€time,€he€was€asked€to€accompanyÐ î%>!% Ðthe€officers€to€the€Franklin€Police€Department.€€He€rode,€unrestrained,€in€Officer€Wright's€patrol€car.€Ð Ô&$"& ÐUpon€his€arrival€at€the€police€department,€the€Appellant€was€advised€of€his€Fifth€Amendment€rights.€Ð º' #' ÐOfficer€Don€Zelaya,€a€member€of€the€Drug€Unit,€arrived€to€question€the€Appellant€regarding€reportedÐ  (ð#( Ðdrug€activity€at€the€Cooks€Court€address.€€During€this€questioning,€the€Appellant€made€reference€toÐ ° Ðlegal€representation.€€Officer€Zelaya€ceased€questioning,€informed€the€Appellant€that€his€rights€wereÐ –æ Ð"intact,"€and€that€the€Appellant€could€knock€on€the€glass€window€if€he€wished€to€continue€theÐ |Ì Ðinterview.€€Officer€Zelaya€then€left€the€room.€€€Within€fifteen€minutes,€the€Appellant€knocked€on€theÐ b² Ðwindow€and€Officer€Zelaya€reentered€the€room€to€continue€the€interview.Ð H˜ ÐÌà  àBefore€resuming€questioning,€Officer€Zelaya€presented€the€Appellant€with€an€advice€of€rightsÐ  d Ðform€and€an€attached€waiver€form.€€Both€forms€were€discussed€with€the€Appellant.€€The€AppellantÐ ú J Ðinitialed€the€various€components€of€each€form,€signed€the€forms,€and€stated€that€he€understood€theÐ à 0 Ðforms€completely.€€The€Appellant€subsequently€admitted€to€Officer€Zelaya€that€the€safe€was€his€andÐ Æ   Ðhe€supplied€Officer€Zelaya€with€the€combination€to€the€safe.€€The€Appellant€later€recanted€thisÐ ¬ ü  Ðadmission€and€stated€that€the€safe€belonged€to€another€person€whom€he€refused€to€identify.Ð ’â  ÐÌà  àPrior€to€trial,€the€Appellant€filed€a€motion€to€suppress€both€the€physical€evidence€obtainedÐ ^®  Ðpursuant€to€the€search€of€his€apartment€and€his€statements€made€to€Officer€Zelaya.€€In€his€motion,Ð D”  Ðthe€Appellant€specifically€asserted€"his€house€was€searched€without€a€warrant,€probable€cause,€orÐ *z  Ðconsent.€.€.€.€€It€was€during€this€unlawful€entry€and€search€that€police€officers€claim€to€have€foundÐ ` Ðmarijuana€and€drug€paraphernalia."€€Additionally,€he€alleged€that:Ð öF ÐÌà8  àany€statements,€admissions€or€confessions€purportedly€made€by€the€Defendant€wereÐ Â Ðmade€as€a€result€of€promises€or€other€inducements€that€raised€a€hope€of€leniency€andÐ ¨ø Ðreward€and€should€be€declared€void.€.€.€.€[A]ny€statements€or€admissions€he€madeÐ ŽÞ Ðwere€the€result€of€trickery€and€deception€practiced€upon€him€by€the€officers,€andÐ tÄ Ðtherefore,€any€statement€or€admission€made€by€him€is€inadmissible€as€a€matter€ofÐ Zª Ðlaw.€.€.€.€[T]he€statements€were€made€at€a€time€when€he€had€not€been€advised€of€theÐ @ Ðcharges€against€him€or€advised€of€his€Miranda€rights€as€required€by€law.Ð&vÐ Ð  ÐThe€trial€court€subsequently€denied€the€motion.׃×Ý ƒ #ÃÝòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×à8 @° àÓÓÐ  \ Ðà@‚‚&ìàò òAnalysisó óˆÐ ° ÐÓÓà  àThe€Appellant,€in€this€appeal,€seeks€review€of€the€trial€court's€denial€of€his€motion€to€suppressÐ |Ì Ðunder€the€provisions€of€Tenn.€R.€Crim.€P.€€37(b)(2)(i).€€The€State€asserts€that€this€appeal€should€beÐ b² Ðdismissed€because€(1)€the€certified€question€of€law€is€not€contained€in€the€final€judgments€nor€is€itÐ H˜ Ðincorporated€by€reference€and€(2)€the€question€is€not€presented€with€sufficient€clarity€to€identify€theÐ . ~ Ðscope€and€the€limits€of€the€legal€issued€reserved.Ð  d ÐÌà  àUnder€Rule€37(b)(2)(i),€an€appeal€lies€from€a€guilty€plea€if€the€final€order€of€judgmentÐ à 0 Ðcontains€a€statement€of€the€dispositive€certified€question€of€law€reserved€by€the€defendant,€whereinÐ Æ   Ðthe€question€is€so€clearly€stated€as€to€identify€the€scope€and€the€limits€of€the€legal€issues€reserved.€Ð ¬ ü  ÐòòSeeóó€€òòState€v.€Prestonóó,€759€S.W.2d€647,€650€(Tenn.€1988);€òòsee€alsoóó€€òòState€v.€Pendergrassóó,€937€S.W.2dÐ ’â  Ð834,€837€(Tenn.€1996).€€No€issue€beyond€the€scope€of€the€certified€question€will€be€considered.€€òòStateÐ xÈ  Ðv.€Irwinóó,€962€S.W.2d€477,€479€(Tenn.€1998)(citing€òòPrestonóó,€759€S.W.2d€at€650;€òòsee€alsoóó€Ð ^®  ÐòòPendergrassóó,€937€S.W.2d€at€834).€€Before€a€court€may€accept€an€appeal€pursuant€to€Tenn.€R.€Crim.Ð D”  ÐP.€37(b)(2)(i),€the€following€prerequisites€must€be€satisfied:Ð *z  ÐÌà8  à1.€The€final€order€or€judgment€must€contain€a€statement€of€the€dispositive€questionÐ öF Ðof€law€reserved€by€defendant€for€appellate€review.ÐÜ,Ð Ð  ÐÌà8  à2.€€The€order€must€state€that€the€certified€question€was€expressly€reserved€as€part€ofÐ ¨ø Ða€plea€agreement.ÐŽÞÐ Ð  ÐÌà8  à3.€€The€order€must€state€that€both€the€State€and€the€trial€judge€have€consented€to€theÐ Zª Ðreservation€and€are€of€the€opinion€that€the€question€is€dispositive€of€the€case.€×ƒ>×Ý ƒ #ÃÝòòÚ  Ú3Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€Ð@Ð Ð  ÐÌà8  à4.€€The€question€of€law€must€be€stated€so€as€to€clearly€identify€the€scope€and€theÐ  \ Ðlimits€of€the€legal€issue€reserved.ÐòBÐ Ð  ÐÓÓÌÓÓ€òòPrestonóó,€759€S.W.2d€at€650.€€The€burden€is€on€the€defendant€to€see€that€the€prerequisites€are€in€theÐ ¤ô Ðfinal€order€and€that€the€record€brought€to€the€appellate€court€contains€all€of€the€proceedings€belowÐ Š Ú Ðthat€bear€upon€whether€the€certified€question€of€law€is€dispositive€and€the€merits€of€the€questionÐ ° Ðcertified.€òòId.óóÐ –æ ÐÌà  àWe€first€address€the€Stateððs€argument€that€the€legal€question€was€not€contained€in€the€finalÐ b² Ðjudgment€nor€was€it€sufficiently€incorporated€by€reference€to€satisfy€the€òòPrestonóó€requirements.€€TheÐ H˜ Ðrecord€in€the€present€case€reflects€that€the€Appellantððs€motion€to€suppress€was€heard€on€July€12,Ð . ~ Ð1999.€€The€court€denied€the€motion€on€August€16,€1999.€€At€the€subsequent€guilty€plea€hearing€onÐ  d ÐDecember€14,€1999,€the€parties€and€the€court€discussed€and€consented€to€the€negotiated€pleaÐ ú J Ðagreement€and€to€the€reservation€of€a€certified€question€of€law€regarding€the€courtððs€denial€of€theÐ à 0 Ðmotion€to€suppress.€€Defense€counsel€offered€to€prepare€an€addendum€to€the€judgments€reserving€theÐ Æ   Ðcertified€question.€€The€trial€court€assented,€stating€that€this€practice€has€been€approved€by€theÐ ¬ ü  Ðappellate€courts.€€The€ð ðAddendum€to€Judgment,ðð€signed€by€the€trial€judge,€was€filed€on€January€4,Ð ’â  Ð2000.€€The€final€judgments€were€filed€January€18,€2000.€€The€judgment€forms€do€not€contain€aÐ xÈ  Ðstatement€of€the€dispositive€certified€question€of€law€reserved€by€the€Appellant€for€appellate€reviewÐ ^®  Ðnor€do€the€judgments€refer€to€the€previously€filed€addendum.€€The€State€now€contends€that€theÐ D”  Ðcertified€question€of€law€is€not€contained€in€the€final€judgments€nor€is€it€incorporated€by€referenceÐ *z  Ðand€therefore,€the€appeal€must€be€dismissed.€€Based€upon€previous€decisions€of€this€court,€weÐ ` Ðdisagree€with€the€Stateððs€position.Ð öF ÐÌà  àIt€is€sufficient€for€the€judgment€order€to€refer€to€or€incorporate€another€independent€documentÐ Â Ðto€satisfy€the€requirement€that€the€judgment€contain€a€statement€of€the€dispositive€certified€questionÐ ¨ø Ðof€law.€€òòSeeóó€€òòIrvingóó,€962€S.W.2d€at€479;€òòsee€generallyóó€€òòState€v.€Robert€Bassett€Brownóó,€No.€M1999„Ð ŽÞ Ð00867„CCA„R3„CD€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€at€Nashville,€Apr.€28.€2000);€€òòState€v.€Hasson€Walleróó,€No.Ð tÄ Ð03C01„9710„CR„00438€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€at€Knoxville,€Oct.€6,€1998);€òòKenneth€J.€Hall€v.€Stateóó,€No.Ð Zª Ð03C01„9609„CR„00342€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€at€Knoxville,€Apr.€15,€1998).€€In€òòState€v.€Hasson€Walleróó,Ð @ Ða€case€similar€to€that€presently€before€us,€a€panel€of€this€court€held€that€a€judgment€order€containsÐ &v Ða€proper€statement€of€the€certified€question€where€an€ð ðaddendum€to€the€judgmentðð€is€filed€before€theÐ  \ Ðjudgment€becomes€final.€€òòState€v.€Hasson€Walleróó,€No.€03C01„9609„CR„00342.€€òòCfóó.€€òòKenneth€J.€HallÐ òB Ðv.€Stateóó,€No.€03C01„9609„CR„00342€(question€not€properly€certified€where€addendum€filed€afterÐ Ø( Ðjudgment€became€final).€€Accordingly,€we€conclude€that€the€judgments€in€the€present€case€properlyÐ ¾ Ðcontain€a€statement€of€the€certified€question.Ð ¤ô ÐÌà  àNotwithstanding,€we€conclude€that€the€certified€question€òòóóis€not€so€clearly€stated€as€to€identifyÐ p!À  Ðthe€scope€and€the€limits€of€the€legal€issues€reserved.€€€Again,€a€defendant€bears€the€burden€ofÐ V"¦! Ð"reserving,€articulating,€and€identifying€the€issue."€€òòPendergrassóó,€937€S.W.2d€at€838.Ð <#Œ" ÐÌà8  à[W]here€questions€of€law€involve€the€validity€of€searches€and€the€admissibility€ofÐ %X $ Ðstatements€and€confessions,€etc.,€òòthe€reasons€relied€upon€by€defendant€in€the€trialÐ î%>!% Ðcourt€at€the€suppression€hearing€must€be€identified€in€the€statement€of€the€certifiedÐ Ô&$"& Ðquestion€of€law€and€review€by€the€appellate€courts€will€be€limited€to€those€passedÐ º' #' Ðupon€by€the€trial€judge€and€stated€in€the€certified€questionóó,€absent€a€constitutionalÐ  (ð#( Ðstatement€otherwise.€€Without€an€explicit€statement€of€the€certified€question,€neitherÐ †)Ö$) Ðthe€defendant,€the€State€nor€the€trial€judge€can€make€a€meaningful€determination€ofÐ l*¼%* Ðwhether€the€issue€sought€to€be€reviewed€is€dispositive€of€the€case.ÐR+¢&+Ð Ð  ÐÐ 8,ˆ', ЀòòPrestonóó,€759€S.W.2d€at€650.€€(emphasis€added).€€€In€the€present€case,€the€issue€reserved€is€ð ðwhetherÐ ° Ðthere€was€a€lawful€or€unlawful€search€of€his€residence€by€police€officers.ðð€€This€overly€broadÐ –æ Ðquestion€violates€the€mandates€announced€in€òòPrestonóó.€€The€question€is€not€only€patently€non„specificÐ |Ì Ðbut€also€does€not€clearly€identify€the€scope€and€limits€of€the€legal€issue€raised€and€does€not€identifyÐ b² Ðthe€reasons€relied€upon€by€the€Appellant€at€the€suppression€hearing.€€òòCompareóó€€€òòLeeson€v.€Chernouóó,Ð H˜ Ð734€S.W.2d€634,€637€(Tenn.€App.€1987)€(Tenn.€R.€App.€P.€27€does€not€contemplate€that€an€appellantÐ . ~ Ðmay€submit€one€blanket€issue€as€to€the€correctness€of€a€judgment€and€thereby€open€the€door€toÐ  d Ðargument€upon€various€issues€which€might€affect€the€correctness€of€the€judgment).òòóó€€The€evidenceÐ ú J Ðdeveloped€at€the€suppression€hearing€raises€numerous€issues€involving€both€Fourth€and€FifthÐ à 0 ÐAmendment€concerns€which€may€or€may€not€be€dispositive.€€These€areas€include,€but€are€not€limitedÐ Æ   Ðto,€the€reliability€of€a€citizen€informant,€exigent€circumstances€exception€to€warrant€requirement,Ð ¬ ü  Ðplain€view,€consensual€searches,€seizure€of€evidence,€advice€of€rights,€€invocation€of€right€to€counsel,€Ð ’â  Ðvoluntariness€of€waiver€of€rights€and€confessions,€and€fruit€of€the€poisonous€tree.€€It€is€not€the€dutyÐ xÈ  Ðof€this€court€to€predict,€speculate,€or€otherwise€outline€those€issues€on€which€the€Appellant€seeks€ourÐ ^®  Ðreview.€€Additionally,€review€of€the€question€as€presently€framed€would€require€a€completeÐ D”  Ðdissertation€of€the€law€of€search€and€seizure€of€which€this€court€is€not€willing€to€engage€absentÐ *z  Ðspecific€boundaries€circumscribed€by€the€Appellant.€€€The€holding€in€òòPrestonóó€created€a€bright„lineÐ ` Ðrule€regarding€the€prerequisites€for€a€Rule€37(b)(2)(i)€appeal€from€which€this€court€will€not€depart.׃×Ý ƒ #ÃÝòòÚ  Ú4Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ׀РöF ÐòòSee€generallyóó€€òòPrestonóó,€759€S.W.2d€at€650.€€òòBut€seeóó€€òòState€v.€Harrisóó,€919€S.W.2d€619,€621€(Tenn.Ð Ü, ÐCrim.€App.€1995)€(White,€J.)€(issue€need€not€be€framed€in€standard€ð ðlaw€schoolðð€format;€statementÐ Â Ðsatisfies€òòPrestonóó€if€appellate€court€can€ascertain€from€the€record€the€scope€of€the€issue€presented).׃Ê×Ý ƒ #ÃÝòòÚ  Ú5Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ׀Р¨ø ÐBecause€of€the€Appellantððs€failure€to€properly€frame€his€certified€question€of€law,€this€court€is€unableÐ ŽÞ Ðto€reach€the€merits€of€the€Appellantððs€claim€as€this€court€has€no€jurisdiction€to€entertain€this€appeal.€Ð tÄ ÐòòSeeóó€Tenn.€R.€Ô_ÔCrimÔ_Ô.€P.€37(b)(2).Ð Zª ÐÌà  àAccordingly,€the€appeal€is€dismissed.€€Because€the€Appellantððs€guilty€pleas€were€conditionedÐ &v Ðupon€his€right€to€seek€appeal€of€a€certified€question€of€law,€which€we€are€without€jurisdiction€toÐ  \ Ðreview,€the€guilty€pleas€and€the€plea€agreement€are€vacated€and€this€case€is€remanded€to€the€trialÐ òB Ðcourt€for€trial€or€other€appropriate€proceedings.Ð Ø( ÐÌÌÌÌÌà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à___________________________________€Ð <#Œ" Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àDAVID€G.€HAYES,€JUDGE