ÿWPC»$ …UNV %¤U:ªä 0 ôþ w@ 4F 0NZ 0D¨ 0Jì 0T6 0^Š 0hè 0rP 0| 0†> 0Ä 1uT 0dÉU>-U*kB)•DC¾ AM‹N³Ù&Œƒ² D35v~hvÓæ 0@¹" Bù" AO#Æe# 0D+$ D/o$ Bž$(ÖÃ9 Z ‹6Times New Roman RegularX,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular3|xÊ(â,A$¡¡Ñ  ÑÔ€Xå6XXXÔÔ€XÛÃXXXå6ÔÑ` °ÑÑܰÑÑÑÑ  ÑÑTRY 3Ø'Letter3Ø' 3Ø' Letterÿ3Ø'TÑÓ  Ó ¸E¹ºD»¼D½U¾E¿ÀVÁÓ€Ô¡¨ (þ(3ÚÆ$¤¤Ý ƒ,A!ÝÑ  ÑÔ€XU:XXXÔÔ€X+ïXXXU:ÔÑ` °ÑÑܰÑÑÑÑ  ÑÑTRY3Ø'Letter3Ø' 3Ø' Letterÿ3Ø'TÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó2 ÿÿ0Indent1Ô2ÔÔ3  Ô2" ÿÿ0Indent2à0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2, ÿÿ0Indent3à0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô26 ÿÿ0Indent4à0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2@ ÿÿ0Indent5à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2J ÿÿ0Indent6à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2T ÿÿ0Indent7à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2^ ÿÿ0Indent8à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô ÿÿ?AGMSYaioIndent0I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)P ÿÿ8Mac DefaultMac DefaultÓ ` °šXÓ< Œ 9p`(&Times New Roman< Œ 9p`(Arial% Line 7 d####7Border 1dd€-$Cþÿ << Gÿÿ Ý ƒ!ÝÑ  ÑÑ#€d#ÑÔ€!ÔÑ  ÑÔ€"ÔÑ ` ÑÑ Ü ÑÑ\R3Ø'\ÑÝ  ÝÔ€"ÔÓ  Óò òÔ YYY ÔFILEDÔ€"XÔÌÌMay€21,€1997ÌÌCecil€W.€CrowsonÌAppellate€Court€ClerkÔ  Ôó ó ©Ý ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€!ÔÑ  ÑÔ€"ÔÑ ` ÑÑ Ü ÑÑ\R3Ø'\ÑÝ  ÝÒ  ÒÒ ° ÒÑ @ ÑÑ\R3Ø'\Ñà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  Úóóà àThe€defendant€was€also€charged€with€refusal€to€take€a€bloodÏalcohol€test€and€for€failure€to€stop€at€the€scene€of€the€accident.€€The€trial€judgeÏdismissed€the€charge€for€refusing€to€submit€to€the€test€and€acquitted€theÏdefendant€of€failing€to€stop€at€the€scene€of€an€accident.Ì Ý ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€!ÔÑ  ÑÔ€"ÔÑ ` ÑÑ Ü ÑÑ\R3Ø'\ÑÝ  ÝÒ  ÒÒ ° ÒÑ @ ÑÑ\R3Ø'\Ñà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  Úóóà àCherry€drove€in€the€wrong€lane€only€on€her€first€exit€from€Exit€24.€ÏOn€subsequent€trips,€she€drove€in€the€correct€lane€on€Highway€49.Ì yÝ ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€!ÔÑ  ÑÔ€"ÔÑ ` ÑÑ Ü ÑÑ\R3Ø'\ÑÝ  ÝÒ  ÒÒ ° ÒÑ @ ÑÑ\R3Ø'\Ñà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  Úóóà àThe€state€entered€into€evidence€a€video€tape€showing€the€stop€andÏthe€administration€of€the€field€tests.€€The€auditory€portion€of€the€tape€was€intact.€ÏDefense€counsel€stated€that€he€had€no€objection€as€this€was€a€bench€trial.€Ì....'ÿÿdxdPtPtHHÚ(ÿáÿâùFG(üHHÚ(d'hStyl{WP}01•ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà Ãà Ãà Ãà Ãà ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÐ ÐÐHHÐÐ  ÐÐ2ÐÐÿÿ¸æ$ÿÐÐHHÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ  ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÑÑÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÑ € ÑÑ<Px–ÈÑÒÒÒ443!#4ÒÒ$ *$ÒÒ$*$ÒÒ ÿKK ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÓ.,ÓÓÓÓ6ÓÓ ÓßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÒ  h HD: Geneva ÒÒ  h HD: Geneva Ò("ÿÿ$££Ò  ÒÒ  Ò d€-‚ƒCþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó„„'÷ÿ dxdüÿP PdÝ ƒ!ÝÔ . ÔÔ€!ÔÑ  ÑÔ€"ÔÑ ` ÑÑ Ü ÑÑ\R3Ø'\ÑÝ  ÝÒ  ÒÒ ° Òò òÑ\R AØ'\ÑÑ\R AØ'\ÑÑ7€U:XXdìdÈ7ÑÑ  ÑÓ` Ü` ˜XÓÙ€€ÙßR€%&$A1-j|` ç `€€@ÿRß›Þ ÞÌà@ àIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEÌÌ€à@ àAT€NASHVILLEÌó óÌà@ àà@ àò òFEBRUARY€1997€SESSION€ó óÌÌÌÌò òSTATE€OF€TENNESSEE,€à àà àó ó)Ìà àà àà àà àà à)à àÌà àAppellee,à àà àà à)à àNo.€01CO1„9605„CC„00197Ìà àà àà àà àà à)Ìvs.à àà àà àà àà à)à àRobertson€Countyà àÌà àà àà àà àà à)Ìà àà àà àà àà à)à àHonorable€John€H.€Gasaway,€III.Ïò òPATRICIA€CAROL€CHERRYó ó,à àà à)à àJudge€Ìà àà àà àà àà à)à àÌà àAppellant.à àà àà à)à à(DUI,€Reckless€Driving)Ìà àà àà àà àà à)à à€Ìà àà àà àà àÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àÌÌFOR€THE€APPELLANT:à àà àà àFOR€THE€APPELLEE:ÌÌMICHAEL€R.€JONESà àà àà àCHARLES€W.€BURSONÌDistrict€Public€Defenderà àà àà àAttorney€General€&€ReporterÌ109€S.€Second€St.à àà àÌClarksville,€TN€37040à àà àà àGEORGIA€BLYTHE€FELNERÌà àà àà àà àà àCounsel€for€the€StateÌà àà àà àà àà àCriminal€Justice€DivisionÌà àà àà àà àà à450€James€Robertson€ParkwayÌà àà àà àà àà àNashville,€TN€37243„0493à àÌÌà àà àà àà àà àJOHN€œW.›€œCARNEY,›€JR.Ìà àà àà àà àà àDistrict€Attorney€GeneralÌà àà àà àà àà à204€Franklin€St.€Ste.€200Ìà àà àà àà àà àClarksville,€TN.€37040„3420Ìà àÌà àà àà àà àà àDENT€œMORRISSÌà àà àà àà àà àAsst.€District€Attorney€General›Ìà àà àà àà àà à500€South€Main€St.Ìà àà àà àà àà àSpringfield,€TN€37172ÌÌÌOPINION€FILED:€____________________ÌÌÌò òAFFIRMEDó óÌÌÌCURWOOD€WITT€ÌJUDGE̜ǛÌÌà@ àOPINIONÓÓÓ` °‚X˜XÓÌÌÓ  Óà àThe€defendant,€Patricia€Carol€Cherry,€was€convicted€in€a€benchÏtrial€in€the€Robertson€County€Circuit€Court€of€driving€under€the€influence,€aÏClass€A€misdemeanor,€€and€reckless€driving,€a€Class€B€misdemeanor.× ƒ' ××  ×€€On€theÏfirst€count,€the€trial€judge€sentenced€Cherry€to€serve€eleven€months€and€twenty„nine€€days€and€to€spend€twenty„five€hours€in€public€service.€€He€suspended€herÏdriving€privileges€for€one€year.€€€For€reckless€driving,€she€received€a€six„monthÏsentence€concurrent€to€the€sentence€for€driving€under€the€influence.€€The€trialÏjudge€ordered€her€to€serve€four€days€on€two€consecutive€weekends€andÏsuspended€the€remainder€of€her€sentences.€€In€this€direct€appeal,€the€defendantÏchallenges€the€sufficiency€of€the€evidence.€ÌÌà àAfter€a€thorough€review€of€the€record,€we€affirm€the€judgment€of€theÏtrial€court.ÌÌà àMontgomery€Davie€testified€that€on€the€evening€of€July€1,€1994€atÏabout€10:00€p.m.,€he€was€driving€west€along€Interstate€24€between€exits€24€andÏ19€when€a€car€began€to€follow€him€rather€closely.€€Since€the€following€vehicleÏhad€its€lights€on€bright,€Davie€slowed€so€that€the€car€could€pass€him.€€When€theÏdriver€behind€him€also€slowed€down,€Davie€returned€to€highway€speed.€€TheÏother€car€again€matched€his€speed,€and€once€more€Davie€slowed€down.€€ThisÏtime€the€following€vehicle€moved€out€into€the€left€lane€as€though€to€pass€him,€butÏwhen€œtheÇ›€two€vehicles€were€approximately€side„by„side,€the€other€driver€swerved€backÏtowards€the€right€lane.€€Davie€was€forced€off€the€road€and€onto€the€shoulder.€€AtÏabout€the€time€Davieððs€vehicle€€reached€the€shoulder,€the€other€car€slammedÏinto€the€left,€front„quarter„panel€of€his€car.€€The€impact€caused€the€other€car€toÏspin€around€so€that€it€was€facing€in€the€opposite€direction.€€Davie€watched€asÏthe€other€driver€immediately€turned€the€vehicle€around€and€took€off€down€theÏinterstate.€€He€called€911€on€his€mobile€telephone€and€then€followed€the€otherÏcar.€€At€exit€19,€the€car€got€off€on€the€west€bound€exit€and€immediately€returnedÏto€the€interstate€via€the€east„bound€entrance€ramp.€€€Davie€observed€the€carÏreturn€to€Exit€24€where€it€once€again€left€the€interstate.€€At€this€point,€the€driverÏbecame€confused€and€drove€in€the€wrong€lane€across€the€highway€bridge€toÏreturn€once€again€to€the€interstate.€€Davie€continued€to€follow€as€the€car€drove€toÏexit€19,€exited,€and€returned€to€drive€back€to€exit€24,€and€then€repeated€theÏprocess€for€the€third€time.× ƒ( ××  ×€€Davie€testified€that,€after€the€wreck€occurred,€theÏdriver€did€not€weave€from€lane€to€lane€or€have€any€trouble€with€the€exits€exceptÏduring€the€first€encounter€with€exit€24.€€€ÌÌà àOn€her€fourth€pass,€Trooper€Norrod€was€waiting€for€the€defendantÏas€she€drove€down€the€off„ramp€at€Exit€24.€€According€to€his€testimony,€the€carÏcame€off€the€interstate€in€a€normal€fashion.€€When€the€defendant€stepped€out€ofÏthe€car,€he€noticed€a€strong€smell€of€alcohol,€and€in€the€car€he€saw€a€six€pack€ofÏbeer€from€which€two€were€missing.€€He€asked€the€defendant€if€she€wouldÏconsent€to€have€a€blood€test,€and€she€refused.€€A€few€moments€later€sheÏagreed,€only€to€change€her€mind€again.€€The€officer€then€administered€two€fieldÏsobriety€tests.× ƒ) ××  ×€€The€defendant€removed€her€high€heels€before€attempting€theÏone„legged€stand.€€She€performed€adequately€during€the€first€part€of€the€test,Ïbut€then€began€to€wobble.€€Although€she€never€fell,€she€stopped€counting€in€theÏmanner€the€officer€directed€and€had€to€extend€her€arms€to€maintain€her€balance.€ÏDuring€the€recitation€of€the€ABCððs,€she€also€became€confused€and€beganÏinserting€improper€letters€into€the€sequence.€€When€the€defendant€was€unableÏto€complete€the€test€successfully,€Trooper€Norrod€arrested€her€for€driving€underÏthe€influence.ÌÌà àThe€defendant€testified€in€her€own€behalf.€€She€stated€that€she€hadÏbeen€in€Nashville€that€day€to€take€out€a€warrant€on€her€ex„husband€who€wasÏviolating€a€restraining€order.€€She€reported€being€under€considerable€emotionalÏstress.€€She€admitted€she€had€a€sip€from€an€ð ðalcoholic€concoctionðð€at€aÏrestaurant€and€that€she€drank€the€two€beers€while€talking€to€a€friend€at€a€payÏtelephone.€€She€did€not€deny€that€she€left€the€scene€of€the€accident€but€statedÏthat€she€became€confused€and€upset€when€her€ex„husband€caused€a€scene€atÏthe€restaurant€where€she€was€eating€supper.€€When€she€drove€back€and€forthÏbetween€the€exits€she€was€looking€for€the€way€to€her€friendððs€house.€€SheÏdenied€that€she€was€under€the€influence€of€alcohol.€€ÌÌà àBased€on€this€evidence,€the€trial€judge€found€the€defendant€guiltyÏof€€driving€under€the€influence€and€of€reckless€driving.€€ÌÌà àA€trial€judgeððs€findings€on€appeal€have€the€weight€of€a€jury€verdict.€ÏòòState€v.€Wilkinsóó,€654€S.W.2d€678,€680€(Tenn.1983).€A€guilty€verdict€accredits€theÏtestimony€of€the€witnesses€for€the€state€and€resolves€any€conflicts€in€favor€of€œtheÇstateððs›€theory.€€òòState€v.€Hatchettóó,€560€S.W.2d€627,€630€(Tenn.1978).€€TheÏquestion€for€this€court€is€whether,€after€reviewing€the€evidence€in€the€light€mostÏfavorable€to€the€prosecution,€any€rational€trier€of€fact€could€have€found€theÏessential€elements€of€the€crime€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt.€€òòJackson€v.ÏVirginiaóó,€443€U.S.€307,€319,€99€S.Ct.€2781,€2789€(1979);€Tenn.€R.€App.€P.€13(e).€ÏThis€rule€applies€whether€the€findings€of€guilt€are€based€upon€direct€evidence,Ïcircumstantial€evidence,€or€a€combination€of€the€two.€€òòState€v.€Thomasóó,€755ÏS.W.2d€838,€842€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1988).€€ÌÌà àThe€elements€of€driving€under€the€influence€are:€(a)€driving€orÏbeing€in€physical€control€of€a€motor€vehicle,€(b)€upon€a€public€thoroughfare€Ïwhile€œ(c)€under›€the€influence€of€an€intoxicant€or€drug.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€55„10„401(1993€Repl.);€òòState€v.€Rayóó,€563€S.W.2d€218,€219€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1977);ÏòòState€v.€Gilbertóó,€751€S.W.2d€454,€459€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1988);€òòState€œv.€Marvin›ÏDaniel€Stuardóó,€No.€01CO1„9412„CC„00437€slip€op.€at€4€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,ÏNashville,€July€14,€1995).€€œThe›€offense€of€driving€under€the€influence€may€beÏestablished€solely€by€circumstantial€evidence.€€òòState€v.€Gilbertóó,€751€S.W.2d€atÏ459€(citations€to€other€cases€omitted).€€òòÌóóÌà àThe€record€contains€direct€evidence€of€two€of€the€three€elements€ofÏdriving€under€the€influence.€€Trooper€Norrod€testified€that€he€observed€CherryÏdriving€a€motor€vehicle€on€an€off„ramp€of€Interstate€24,€and€the€defendantÏadmitted€that€she€was€driving€the€vehicle€on€the€interstate€in€her€testimony€to€theÏcourt.€€The€only€question€that€the€trial€judge€resolved€based€on€circumstantialÏevidence€was€whether€the€defendant€was€under€the€influence€of€an€intoxicant.€ÏThe€testimony€of€both€Mr.€Davie€and€Trooper€Norrod€supports€the€judgment€ofÏthe€trial€court.€€€Mr.€Davie€observed€the€defendantððs€erratic€behavior€on€theÏhighway.€€œThe›€œdefendant›€fled€the€scene€of€the€accident,€drove€on€the€wrong€sideÏof€a€divided€highway€bridge,€and€generally€demonstrated€that€her€judgment€wasÏimpaired.€€She€failed€the€two€field€sobriety€tests€the€officer€administered€andÏadmitted€that€she€had€consumed€two€beers€and€at€least€part€of€anotherÏalcoholic€beverage.€€€The€officer€reported€that€the€defendant€smelled€strongly€ofÏalcohol.€€Although€the€defendant€attempted€to€explain€her€erratic€behavior€asÏthe€product€of€emotional€stress,€the€finder€of€fact€accredited€the€stateððsÏwitnesses€rather€than€the€defendant.€€The€evidence€is€sufficient€for€a€rationalÏperson€to€conclude€that€the€defendant€was€driving€under€the€influence€beyond€aÏreasonable€doubt.ÌÌà àThe€evidence€is€also€sufficient€to€support€the€conviction€forÏreckless€driving.€€The€elements€of€reckless€driving€are€(1)€driving€a€vehicle€(2)€inÏa€willful€or€wanton€disregard€for€(3)€the€safety€of€persons€or€property.€€Tenn.ÏCode€Ann.€ðð€55„10„205(a)€(1993).€€€€Willful€and€wanton€disregard€for€anotherððsÏsafety€is€a€factual€question€to€be€determined€from€all€the€circumstances.€€ItÏexceeds€negligence€in€that€the€defendant€willfully€breaches€a€duty.€òòState€v.ÏWilkinsóó,€654€S.W.2d€678,€at€680.€The€purpose€of€the€statute€is€to€punish€thoseÏwhose€driving€disregards€the€safety€of€persons€or€property.€€òòState€v.€Gilboyóó,€857ÏS.W.2d€884,€887€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1993).€€In€this€case,€the€evidence€presentedÏat€trial€is€sufficient€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt€to€prove€that€the€defendant€droveÏwith€a€willful€and€wanton€disregard€for€the€safety€of€both€persons€and€property.€ÏAfter€tailgating€Mr.€Davie,€she€forced€him€off€the€road€and€rammed€into€the€sideÏof€his€car.€€She€drove€on€the€wrong€side€of€a€divided€roadway€forcing€on„comingÏtraffic€to€drive€on€the€shoulder.€€The€defendant€is€fortunate€that€her€actions€didÏnot€cause€greater€property€damage,€injuries,€or€loss€of€life.€€ÌÌà àFor€the€reasons€discussed€above,€we€find€the€evidence€at€trialÏsufficient€to€support€the€defendantððs€convictions€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt.€ÏTherefore,€we€affirm€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court.€€ÌÌÌÓÓÌà àà àà àà àà à__________________________à àÌà àà àà àà àà àCURWOOD€WITT,€JudgeÌÌÌCONCUR:ÌÌ___________________________ÌGARY€R.€€WADE,€JudgeÌÌÌ___________________________ÌDAVID€G.€HAYES,€JudgeÌà àÌÌÌ