WPC T)?(~|h!am-jEHZt^S/^-r5`c6Ooҕ[uj@6HfҀTbjA/gqs ±"J hp3? yBȍe7{2LGډϾ뼄RchA@^EKA\t<;h4\oC G=xq=Qބ掋bR^<}kUٳi*9w%GQ%aYVS*TR0wR&:zR>k/{a/ה. [mڲ G^t$]=&KVWɘY~rSGJ~imZ #;83"Ǯ~^A4_À~0w-g9O,`sih&sᇰts/amrQ0&.Nwz{)UN> % 0(U:w@44HU:WU. 0O 0D9 ) 7 U: AQh 0D. 0Dr 0D D/ B) BF D3c(9 Z 6Times New Roman RegularX($,  AZ"Arial Regular ?eEEEӀn~<$3|x,  AZ"Arial Regular%2A`ArialTT(8(2$ !  X X `   0     $ X X `   1    ݀Accordingtothedefendant,thegenesisofthealtercationwashis  Samaritanattempttogiveoneoftheclubsdancers informationtobeabletogotoanotherplaceandgotoworkatamoresophisticatedplace.Adisputearoseastothecostofabeerhepurchasedforthedancer.Thisledtothebouncer cussingandtellingmeafewthingsandIwascussingandtellinghimafewthings.Uponbeingtoldbythebouncerthat hewouldblowmybrainsoutifIdidntleave,thedefendantdepartedthesceneinhistruck.(#$  0    $ X X `   2    ݀Thebootsarepartoftherecord.Ourexaminationofthemreveals  nothingremarkable.  !"  X XXX9&XX    Ad FILEDX X9&   September3,1998  CecilCrowson,Jr.XX AppellateCourtClerk    $ X X `   1    ݀Accordingtothedefendant,thegenesisofthealtercationwashis  Samaritanattempttogiveoneoftheclubsdancers informationtobeabletogotoanotherplaceandgotoworkatamoresophisticatedplace.Adisputearoseastothecostofabeerhepurchasedforthedancer.Thisledtothebouncer cussingandtellingmeafewthingsandIwascussingandtellinghimafewthings.Uponbeingtoldbythebouncerthat hewouldblowmybrainsoutifIdidntleave,thedefendantdepartedthesceneinhistruck.,cAZ"Arial Regular !"#%C<< CLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(3$ !  (3$ !  ($$   1  ''' dxd dP Pd&&&&'dxd !  X XXX  TR[A' Legal3'A' Legal3'T7jXXdd7  ќr(<,(j 8` `@E` ttx$ rt(>.*jx-` `@E` ttx$ tߛ@  INTHECOURTOFCRIMINALAPPEALSOFTENNESSEE@(ATJACKSON@77%JUNE1998SESSIONSTATEOFTENNESSEE, @-)  ` @-) p NO.02C019710CC00396   L   ` Appellee,@-)  8  @-) p HENRYCOUNTY     VS. @-)   @-) p HON.C.CREEDMcGINLEY,   RICKYWAYNECOOPER, @-) p JUDGE    @-) ` Appellant.@-) p (DUI) d (  @(#(#( FORTHEAPPELLANT: L DAVIDH.HORNIK 222SecondAvenueNorth  Suite360MNashville,TN372011649   FORTHEAPPELLEE: L JOHNKNOXWALKUP  $ AttorneyGeneralandReporter MARVINE.CLEMENTS,JR.   AssistantAttorneyGeneralCordellHullBuilding,2ndFloor425FifthAvenueNorthNashville,TN372430493 G.ROBERTRADFORD   F$ DistrictAttorneyGeneral JOHNW.OVERTON,JR. #' TODDA.ROSE  $( Asst.DistrictAttorneysGeneral111ChurchStreetP.O.Box686Huntingdon,TN383440686 8(#, (  @( OPINIONFILED:򀀀 h/*2 AFFIRMEDJOEG.RILEY,JUDGE  73;   OPINION    ` Thedefendant,RickyWayneCooper,appealsasofrighthisconvictionbyaHenryCountyjuryfordrivingundertheinfluenceofanintoxicant.Thedefendantwassentencedtoeleven(11)monthsandtwentynine(29)daystobeservedonprobationafterten(10)dayscontinuousconfinement.Thetrialcourtalsoaffirmedthejurysfineof$700.Thedefendantcontendsonappealthat:  (1)thetrialcourterredinallowingtestimonythatthedefendantwasadministeredthehorizontalgazenystagmus(HGN)test;(2)theevidencepresentedattrialwasinsufficienttosupportaverdictofguilty;and(3)thecourtssentenceoften(10)dayscontinuousconfinementanditsaffirmanceofthejurysfineof$700wereimproper.  AlthoughwefindthetrialcourterredbyallowingtestimonythatanHGNtestwasgiven,wefindtheerrorharmless.ThejudgmentofthetrialcourtisAFFIRMED.  FACTS |!     ` ThedefendantwasinvolvedinanaltercationattheFoxyLady,aHenryCountynightclub.   #  1      Thedefendantlefttheclubwithtwo(2)companionsafterthe &<"& disturbance.OfficerMikeDavisoftheParisPoliceDepartmentheardtheHenryCountySheriffsdispatcherbroadcastthatthree(3)malesleftthesceneinablackChevrolettruck.Shortlythereafter,OfficerDavisobservedavehiclematchingthatdescriptionandfollowedittoaconveniencestore. ` OfficerDavisparkedhisvehiclebehindthedefendantstruckand 1-2 approachedtodetermineifthedefendantwasthesuspectidentifiedbythedispatcher.Thedefendantexitedhisvehicleinanexcitedstate,complainingaboutanincidentattheFoxyLady.BecauseOfficerDaviswasoutofhisjurisdictionatthispoint,hetoldthedefendanttoawaitthearrivalofasheriffsdeputy. ` OfficerDavistestifiedthatashewaitedwiththedefendant,Davisnoticedthesmellofalcoholonthedefendantsbreathandthathiseyeswereglassy.Basedupontheseobservations,OfficerDavisaskedthedefendanttoperformfieldsobrietytests.OfficerDavisadministeredtheonelegstandtest,theheeltotoetest,andtheHGNtest. ` OfficerDavistestifiedthatheinstructedthedefendanttostandwithonelegraised,hisarmsathissideandcounttothirty(30).Thedefendantrepeatedlylosthisbalanceandhadtoputhisfootdown.Bytheendofthetest,thedefendantwashoppingononefoot.OfficerDavisstatedthat,baseduponthedefendantsperformanceonthistest,heconcludedthedefendantwas definitelyintoxicated. ` Duringthefinalpartoftheonelegstandtest,anotherParispoliceofficerarrivedasbackup.Thisofficerwasalsooftheopinionthatthedefendantwasundertheinfluence.Theofficerhadacameramanwithhimwhowasvideotaping.Thecameramanvideotapedtheremainderofthefieldsobrietytests. ` Thedefendantwasnextaskedtoperformtheheeltotoetest,placingtheheelofonefoottothetoeofthenextinastraightlinefornine(9)steps.Thedefendantwasthenaskedtoturnaroundandwalkbackinthesamemanner.Thedefendantstumbledonhisfirststepanddidnottouchheeltotoeonanyof (:x5: theremainingsteps.OfficerDavisstatedthedefendantsperformanceonthistestbolsteredhisbeliefthatthedefendantwasintoxicated. ` OfficerDavisthenadministeredtheHGNtesttothedefendant.OfficerDavisdidnottestifytotheresultsofthistestasthedefendantsattorneyobjectedtoitsadmissibility.TheadmissibilityoftheHGNtestisaddressedinfra.  8   ` ThedefendantwasarrestedfordrivingundertheinfluenceandtransportedtotheHenryCountySheriffsOfficewhereherefusedtotakeabloodalcoholtest.Thedefendantsignedanimpliedconsentformindicatinghisrefusal. ` Thedefendantdeniedconsuminganyalcoholthatday.Hetestifiedhispoorperformanceofthefieldsobrietytestswascausedbythebootshewaswearingatthetime.  %  2      ׀Thedefendantfurtherclaimedhisperformancewas  hamperedbecausethetestswereadministeredonaninclinedsurfacethatwasalsounevenduetoanexpansionjoint.Thedefendantexplainedthathedeclinedtotakeabloodalcoholtestbecausehefeltthathehadbeentreatedunfairlybythearrestingofficers. ` Thejuryconvictedthedefendantofdrivingundertheinfluenceofanintoxicant.Thisappealfollowed.  HORIZONTALGAZENYSTAGMUSTEST /h*.     ` ThedefendantcontendsthetrialcourterredbyallowingtheofficertotestifythataHGNtestwasgivenbecauseitdidnotrequirethestatetocomplywiththerequirementsfortheadmissibilityofscientificevidence.OfficerDavis 616 wasallowedtotestifythathegavethedefendanttheHGNtest,butwasnotallowedtotestifyastotheresultsofthetest.ThedefendantarguesthatallowingtheOfficertotestifythatthetestwasgiven,notdivulgetheresults,andthentestifythatthedefendantwasarrestedforDUIcreatesaninferencethattheresultsofthetestwerepositiveforintoxication. ` TheTennesseeSupremeCourtheld,inacasefiledafterthetrialintheinstantcase,thatthetestimonyconcerningthehorizontalgazenystagmustestconstitutes scientific,technical,orotherspecializedknowledge.Assuch,itmustbeofferedthroughanexpertwitnessandmeettherequirementsofTenn.R.Evid.702and703asexplainedinMcDanielv.CXSXSSXTransportation,955  p S.W.2d257(Tenn.1997).Statev.Murphy,953S.W.2d200,203(Tenn.1997). H  ` ThetrialcourtsustainedthedefendantsobjectiontoOfficerDavistestimonyregardingtheresultsoftheHGNtest.Thetrialcourtdidallowtheofficertotestifythatthetestwasgiven.Weagreewiththedefendantthatthishasnorealprobativevalueandinvitesjuryspeculation.Accordingly,wemustexaminetheerrortodetermineifitwasprejudicialtothedefendant. ` Thedefendantfiledamotioninliminechallengingtheadmissibilityofthe '#& HGNtestimony.Thismotionwasneverruleduponbythetrialcourt.Attrial,OfficerDaviswasaskedbythestatesattorney, Now,therewasathirdtestyougave.Whatwasthat?Theofficerresponded, Thatwastheeyegazenystagmus.Thedefendantobjectedandabenchconferencewasheld.Thetrialcourtheldtheofficercouldstatethatthetesthadbeengiven,butnotwhattheresultswere. ` Firstly,thedefendantneversecuredarulingonhismotioninlimineprior x616 totrial.Severalweeksbeforetrialarulinghadbeendeferredpendingthefilingofbriefsbytheparties.Eventhougharulingwasnevermade,thereisnothing (:x5: toindicatethemotionwasbroughttothetrialcourtsattentiononthemorningoftrial.Thus,thequestionwasaskedandansweredbeforethetrialcourtcouldproperlydealwiththeissue. ` Secondly,thetrialcourtinstructedthejuryasfollows:  Ladiesandgentlemenofthejury,Iwanttoinstructyouatthistime.TheresbeenproofofferedthatacertaintestwasgiventothedefendantthatisknownastheHorizontalGazeNystagmusTest.Baseduponcertainlegalgrounds,theCourthasruledthattheadmissibilityofthistestwillnotbeallowed.Soyouarenottoconsiderinanywaythattesteitherpositiveornegative.Yourenottoconsiderinanywaytheresultsofthattest.Thetestimonynowisbeingofferedtosimplyshowwhattheofficerdid,nottheresultsofthattest.Doeachofyouunderstandthat?  Jurorsarepresumedtofollowinstructionsgiventothembythetrialcourt.Henleyv.State,960S.W.2d572,581(Tenn.1997).   ` Thirdly,inconsideringthewholerecord,weareunabletofindthattheoutcomeofthetrialwouldhavebeenanydifferentabsentthisbrieftestimony.Thejurysawthevideotapeofthedefendantperformingtheheeltotoetestandthefinalpartoftheonelegstandtest.Ourreviewofthevideotaperevealsalessthanadmirableperformance.Thejuryobviouslyrejectedthedefendantstestimonyandaccreditedthetestimonyoftheofficers.ThisCourthasfoundHGNtestimonyharmlessinothercasesinvolvingthisissue.SeeStatev.Jackie @-(, W.Kestner,C.C.A.No.03C019611CR00390,WashingtonCounty(Tenn. /h*. Crim.App.filedJune30,1998,atKnoxville);Statev.WilliamF.Hegger,C.C.A. 0@,0 No.01C019607CR00283,DavidsonCounty(Tenn.Crim.App.filedMarch4,1998,atNashville);Statev.MarkSummers,C.C.A.No.03C019606CR00235, 4/4 HamiltonCounty(Tenn.Crim.App.filedDecember4,1997,atKnoxville);State x616 v.ClintonDarrellTurner,C.C.A.No.03C019604CC00151,CockeCounty P838 (Tenn.Crim.App.filedJuly9,1997,atKnoxville). (:x5: Ї ` Theerrorwasharmless.Tenn.R.App.P.36(b).  SUFFICIENCYOFTHEEVIDENCE `     ` ThedefendantcontendstheevidencepresentedattrialisinsufficienttosustainhisconvictionforDUI.XXXXIndeterminingthesufficiencyoftheevidence,  H  thisCourtdoesnotreweighorreevaluatetheevidence.Statev.Cabbage,571   S.W.2d832,835(Tenn.1978).Ajuryverdictapprovedbythetrialjudgeaccreditsthestate'switnessesandresolvesallconflictsinfavorofthestate.Statev.Bigbee,885S.W.2d797,803(Tenn.1994);Statev.Harris,839S.W.2d X 54,75(Tenn.1992).Onappeal,thestateisentitledtothestrongestlegitimateviewoftheevidenceandalllegitimateorreasonableinferenceswhichmaybedrawntherefrom.Id.#XXXX2# 0  ` Asstatedabove,thejuryhadtheopportunitytoviewthevideotapeofthedefendantonthenightinquestion.Thejuryalsoheardthetestimonyofthedefendantandtheofficers.Thejurychosetobelievetheofficers.Clearlythereissufficientevidencetosupportthejurysverdict.̛̛ ` Thisissueiswithoutmerit.  SENTENCING '#&     ` ThedefendantcontendsthetrialcourtsfailuretoconsiderthesentencingprinciplesandallrelevantfactsandcircumstancesovercomesthesentencespresumptionofcorrectnessandthisCourtsreviewshouldbedenovo. 8/*.  ` MisdemeanorsentencingiscontrolledbyTenn.CodeAnn.4035302,whichprovidesinpartthatthetrialcourtshallimposeaspecificsentenceconsistentwiththepurposesandprinciplesofthe1989CriminalSentencingReformAct.See XXXXStatev.Palmer,902S.W.2d391(Tenn.1995)#XXX X9#.Misdemeanorsentencingisdesignedtoprovidethetrialcourtwithcontinuingjurisdictionanda H:5: Лgreatdealofflexibility.Oneconvictedofamisdemeanor,unlikeoneconvictedofafelony,isnotentitledtoapresumptionofaminimumsentence.Statev.Creasy,885S.W.2d829,832(Tenn.Crim.App.1994). ` Thedefendantfacedpossibleconfinementbetweentwo(2)daysandeleven(11)monthsandtwentynine(29)days.Tenn.CodeAnn.5510403(a)(1).Thedefendantwassentencedtoeleven(11)monthsandtwentynine(29)daystobeservedonsupervisedprobationafterten(10)dayscontinuousconfinement. H:5: Ї ` Thedefendanthadapriorrobberyconviction.Thisisanenhancementfactor.Tenn.CodeAnn.4035114(1).Thisfactoraloneisenoughtojustifytherequirementoften(10)daysconfinement. ` Thedefendantfacedafinefrom$350to$1,500.Tenn.CodeAnn.5510403(a)(1).Thejuryimposedafineof$700,andthetrialcourtapprovedit.SeeTenn.CodeAnn.4035301(b).Thefineisnotexcessive,andweseeno   reasontoreduceit.SeegenerallyStatev.Alvarado,961S.W.2d136,153   (Tenn.Crim.App.1996).̛̛ ` Thisissueiswithoutmerit.).  CONCLUSION  p     ` AlthoughwefeelitwaserrorforthetrialcourttoallowtestimonythattheHGNtestwasgiven,theerrorwasharmless.Findingnoothererror,weAFFIRMthejudgmentofthetrialcourt. `     h      p ________________________ %T #  `     h      p JOEG.RILEY,JUDGECONCUR:_________________________PAULG.SUMMERS,JUDGE _________________________ DAVIDH.WELLES,JUDGE $4t/3