ÿWPCD …# VU:a %› 0D¡w@å4% 9 0ˆH 0DÐ  0J 0Tf 0^º 0h 0r€ 0|ò 0†n 0ô 1u„ 0dù U*]B)‡DC° AMó@ûSpN B¾v~Û D3YvÓŒ 0@_ AOŸÆî 0D´ D/ø B'˜HP LaserJet 4SiHPPCL5MS,ü,,,,,ü0nLhÎ, øð AZ‹"Arial RegularX(ñÄ$¡¡Ò€°ÒÒX°Ò   D  D   D  P Ó€Ô¡¨ 8B88pp3|x (8(3Åå$¤¤Ý ƒñÄ!ÝÒ€°ÒÒX°ÒÝ  Ýà Ø àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó2 ÿÿ0Indent1Ô2ÔÔ3  Ô2" ÿÿ0Indent2à0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2, ÿÿ0Indent3à0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô26 ÿÿ0Indent4à0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2@ ÿÿ0Indent5à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2J ÿÿ0Indent6à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2T ÿÿ0Indent7à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2^ ÿÿ0Indent8à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô ÿÿ?AGMSYaioIndent0I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)P ÿÿ8Mac DefaultMac DefaultÓ ` °šXÓ< Œ 9p`(Arial% Line 7 d""""7Border 1dd€-#Cþÿ << Gÿÿ Ý ƒ!ÝÑ  ÑÑ#€d#ÑÔ€!ÔÒ € ÒÒ X ÒÝ  ÝÔ€!ÔÓ  Óò òÔ YYY ÔFILEDÔ€!XÔÌÌOctoberÏ30,Ï1997ÌÌCecilÏW.ÏCrowsonÌAppellateÏCourtÏClerkÔ  Ôó ó ñÝ ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€!ÔÒ € ÒÒ X ÒÝ  ÝÝ ƒ $Ýà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ€!ôÔThe€appellantððs€guilty€pleas€on€these€counts€came€pursuant€to€a€plea€agreement€with€the€StateÏin€which€the€State€agreed€to€drop€counts€one€and€three€of€the€indictment€in€case€no.€94„A„304,Ïcharging€the€appellant€with€contributing€to€the€delinquency€of€a€juvenile€and€simple€possession€ofÏmarijuana.Ì€€€€Ì fÝ ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€!ÔÒ € ÒÒ X ÒÝ  ÝÝ ƒ $Ýà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ€!ôÔThe€trial€court€found€that€the€appellant€was€originally€arrested€and€given€bail€on€two€drug€countsÏand€a€count€of€contributing€to€the€delinquency€of€a€juvenile,€listed€in€94„A„304.€€While€out€on€bail,€theÏappellant€was€arrested€for€the€possession€with€intent€to€deliver€twenty„six€grams€of€cocaine,€listed€in€94„A„431.€€The€appellant€was€again€released€on€bail€and€was€later€arrested€for€selling€less€than€.5€grams€ofÏcocaine,€listed€in€95„A„135.€€The€appellant€pled€guilty€to€each€of€the€post„bail€counts€in€indictments€95„A„135€and€94„A„431,€and€he€pled€guilty€to€the€pre„bail€count€of€possession€with€intent€to€sell€.5€grams€orÏmore€of€cocaine€contained€in€case€no.€94„A„304.€Ì dPtPtHHÚ(ÿáÿâùFG(üHHØ(d'`(((('ÿÿdxdStyl{WP}01•ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà Ãà Ãà Ãà Ãà ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÐ ÐÐHHÐÐ  ÐÐ2ÐÐÿÿ¸æ$ÿÐÐHHÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ  ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÑÑÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÑ € ÑÑ<Px–ÈÑÒÒÒ443!#4ÒÒ$ *$ÒÒ$*$ÒÒ ÿKK ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÓ.,ÓÓÓÓ6ÓÓ ÓßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÒ  ion-F Geneva ÒÒ  ion-F Geneva Ò("ÿÿ$££Ò  ÒÒ  Ò€-‚ƒCþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó„„'÷ÿ dxdüÿP PdÝ ƒ!ÝÔ . ÔÔ€!ÔÒ € ÒÒ X ÒÝ  ÝÑ  ÑÑ € ÑÑ\R AØ'\ÑÑ\R AØ'\ÑÑ7€/ÿXXdædÈ7ÑÑ  ÑÙ€€ÙßR€$%#A1-j|` , `€€@ÿRß›Þ ÞÌà@ àIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEÌÌà@ àAT€NASHVILLEÌÌà@ àJULY€1997€SESSIONÌÌÌÌœSTATE›€OF€TENNESSEE,à àà àà à)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)à àC.C.A.€NO.€œ01C01›„9604„CR„00140Ìà àà àAppellee,à àà àà à)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)à àDavidson€CountyÌv.à àà àà àà àà àà à)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)à àHonorable€Ann€Lacy€JohnsÌANTHONY€DARDEN,à àà àà à)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)à àœ(Poss›.€controlled€sub.€w/€int.€to€œsell)›Ìà àà àAppellant.à àà àà à)ÌÌÌÌÌÌFor€Appellant:à àà àà àà àà àFor€Appellee:ÌÌJohn€E.€œRodgers›,€Jr.à àà àà àà àCharles€W.€œBurson›ÌLackey,€œRodgers›,€Price€&€œSnedeker›à àà àAttorney€General€and€ReporterÌSuite€1230,€First€American€Centerà àà àà àÌ315€œDeaderick›€Streetà àà àà àà àDaryl€J.€BrandÌNashville,€TN.€€37238„1230à àà àà àAssistant€Attorney€GeneralÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àCriminal€Justice€DivisionÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà à450€James€Robertson€ParkwayÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àNashville,€TN.€€37243à àà àà àà àà àà àà àà àà àÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àVictor€S.€Johnson€IIIÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àDistrict€Attorney€GeneralÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àSuite€œ500,Washington›€SquareÏBuildingÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà à222€Second€Avenue€NorthÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àNashville,€TN.€37201ÌÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àDan€Hammà àà àà àà àÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àAssistant€District€Attorney€GeneralÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àSuite€œ500,Washington›€SquareÏBuildingÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà à222€Second€Avenue€NorthÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àNashville,€TN.€37201ÌÌÌÌÌOPINION€œFILED:________________›ÌÌAFFIRMEDÌÌWILLIAM€M.€BARKER,€JUDGEÌÌà@ àOPINIONÌÌÓÓà àThe€appellant,€Anthony€œDarden›,€appeals€the€sentences€he€received€in€theÏCriminal€Court,€Division€III,€of€Davidson€County.€€The€appellant€pled€guilty€and€wasÏsentenced€on€two€counts€of€possession€with€intent€to€sell€.5€grams€or€more€of€aÏsubstance€containing€cocaine,€a€œClass›€B€felony,€and€one€count€of€selling€less€than€.5Ïgrams€of€a€substance€containing€cocaine,€a€œClass›€C€felony.œ× ƒ& ××  ×›€€The€trial€courtÏsentenced€the€appellant,€as€a€range€I€standard€offender,€to€œserve€ten›€years€in€theÏDepartment€of€œCorrection›€and€to€pay€the€minimum€mandatory€two€œthousand€($2000)›Ídollar€fine€for€each€count€of€possession€with€intent€to€sell€.5€grams€or€more€ofÏcocaine,€and€to€serve€five€years€for€the€selling€of€less€than€.5€grams€of€a€substanceÏcontaining€cocaine.€€The€sentences€were€ordered€to€run€consecutively€for€anÏeffective€sentence€of€twenty€five€years.€€Ìà àOn€appeal,€the€appellant€contends€that€the€trial€court€erred€in€its€application€ofÏseveral€enhancement€factors€and€in€ordering€his€sentences€to€run€consecutively.€ÏAfter€a€review€of€the€record,€we€find€no€error€and€affirm€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court.Ìà àWhen€a€defendant€complains€of€his€or€her€sentence,€we€must€conduct€a€òòdeóóÏòònovoóó€review€with€a€presumption€of€correctness.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„401(d)Ï(1990).€€The€burden€of€showing€that€the€sentence€is€improper€is€upon€the€appealingÏparty.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„401(d)€Sentencing€Commission€Comments.€€TheÏpresumption€of€correctness€is€conditioned€upon€an€affirmative€showing€in€the€recordÏthat€the€trial€court€considered€the€sentencing€principles€and€all€relevant€facts€andÏcircumstances.€€òòState€v.€œAshby›óó,€823€œS.W.2d›€166,€169€(Tenn.€1991).€Ìà àAt€the€sentencing€hearing,€the€trial€court€applied€the€following€enhancementÏfactors€to€the€appellantððs€sentences:€1)€the€appellantððs€prior€criminal€history;€2)€theÏappellantððs€leadership€in€the€commission€of€a€crime€involving€two€or€more€criminalÏactors;€3)€the€appellantððs€lack€of€hesitation€in€committing€a€crime€when€the€risk€toÏhuman€life€was€high;€4)€the€appellantððs€commission€of€the€crime€under€circumstancesÏin€which€the€potential€for€bodily€injury€to€a€victim€was€great;€and€5)€the€appellantððsÍcommission€of€felonies€while€on€release€by€bail.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„114(1),€(2),€(10),€(13),€and€(16)€(1990).€€€€Ìà àThe€appellant€first€contends€that€the€trial€court€erred€in€applying€enhancementÏfactor€(1).€€Our€review€of€this€issue€is€limited€because€the€appellantððs€presentenceÏreport€was€not€made€a€part€of€this€record€on€appeal.€€The€record,€however,€containsÏevidence€of€the€appellantððs€criminal€history€as€set€forth€in€the€Community€CorrectionsÏAssessment€Plan,€submitted€œas›€Exhibit€I.€€This€plan€details€the€appellantððs€pastÏœconvictions›€for€criminal€trespass,€œgambling,›€œthree›€counts€of€œassault,€and€two€counts€ofÏevading€arrest.›€€Additionally,€the€œappellant›€œtestified›€at€the€sentencing€hearing€that€heÏhas€made€his€living€from€the€sale€of€drugs.€€Specifically,€the€appellant€admits€that€heÏbought€an€automobile€from€money€he€earned€through€past€drug€deals.€€From€thisÏevidence,€we€find€that€the€trial€court€properly€applied€enhancement€factor€(1)€as€toÏthe€appellantððs€prior€criminal€history.Ìà àThe€appellant€next€contends€that€the€trial€court€erred€in€using€enhancementÏfactor€(2)€concerning€the€appellantððs€role€as€a€leader€in€the€commission€of€an€offenseÏinvolving€two€or€more€criminal€actors.€€The€trial€court€applied€this€œenhancer›€to€theÏappellantððs€drug€offense€committed€on€December€17,€1992,€listed€as€count€two€inÏœcase€no.›€94„A„304.€€We€find€evidence€in€the€record€that€the€appellant€relied€on€aÏjuvenile€to€assist€and€protect€him€during€this€particular€drug€offense€and€other€pastÏdrug€deals.€€That€evidence€is€sufficient€to€support€the€trial€courtððs€finding€that€theÍappellant€was€a€leader€in€the€commission€of€a€criminal€offense€involving€two€or€moreÏcriminal€actors.€€Therefore,€the€application€of€enhancement€factor€(2)€was€not€error.Ìà àThe€appellant€next€requests€this€Court€to€review€the€trial€courtððs€application€ofÏenhancement€factors€(10)€and€(16)€to€his€three€drug€offenses.€€Enhancement€factorÏ(10)€applies€in€cases€where€the€defendant€had€no€hesitation€about€committing€aÏcrime€when€the€risk€to€human€life€was€high.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„114€(10).€ÏSimilarly,€œenhancer›€(16)€applies€when€the€crime€was€committed€under€circumstancesÏunder€which€the€potential€for€bodily€injury€to€a€victim€was€great.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€CodeÏAnn.€ðð€40„35„114€(16).€€In€the€appellantððs€case,€the€trial€court€apparently€appliedÏœenhancers›€(10)€and€(16)€based€upon€ð ðthe€nature€and€characterðð€of€cocaine.€€There€isÏno€evidence€that€the€appellantððs€drug€offenses€involved€any€œrisk›€or€danger€of€injuryÏother€than€the€basic€nature€of€cocaine€itself.€€Although€this€Court€considers€theÏpossession€and€selling€of€cocaine€to€be€abhorrent,€we€are€unable€to€applyÏenhancement€factors€(10)€and€(16)€to€these€offenses€without€additional€evidence€toÏsupport€a€finding€that€the€offenses€involved€specific€risks€of€danger€to€human€life.€€Ìà àThis€Court€has€previously€held€that€ð ðthe€nature€and€characterðð€of€cocaineÏalone€is€not€sufficient€to€warrant€the€application€of€œenhancers›€(10)€and€(16).€€òòSeeóóÏòòState€v.€Keelóó,€882€S.W.2d€410,€419„21€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1994),€òòper.€app.€deniedóóÏ(Tenn.€1994);€òòState€v.€Marshallóó,€870€S.W.2d€532,€542€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1993),€òòper.Ïapp.€denied€óó(Tenn.€1993);€òòState€v.€Timmy€œRicker›óó,€No.€269,€(Tenn.€Crim.€œApp›.€atÍKnoxville,€Jan.€4,€1989),€òòper.€app.€deniedóó€(Tenn.€1989).€€Following€these€cases,€thisÏCourt€recognizes€that€the€Tennessee€General€Assembly€has€already€taken€intoÏconsideration€the€nature€and€effect€of€cocaine€when€it€made€cocaine€a€Schedule€IIÏdrug€and€classified€cocaine€offenses€as€Class€B€and€C€felonies.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€EdgarÏDean€Foxóó,€No.€01„C„01„9402„œCC0050›€œ(Tenn.›€Crim.€œApp›.,€at€Nashville,€May€18,Ï1995).€€Consequently,€the€trial€court€should€not€have€applied€enhancement€factorsÏ(10)€and€(16)€to€œthe€appellantððs€cocaine›€œoffenses.›Ìà àœThe›€trial€œcourt€also›€applied€enhancement€factor€(13)€to€the€appellantððsÏsentences.€€The€trial€court€found€that€the€appellant€committed€the€September€1993Ïcocaine€offense,€listed€in€case€no.€94„A„431,€and€the€June€1994€cocaine€offense,Ïlisted€in€case€no.€95„A„135,€while€he€was€on€release€by€bail.€€The€record€on€appealÏsupports€the€trial€courtððs€findings€in€that€regard€and,€therefore,€the€trial€court€properlyÏused€factor€(13)€to€enhance€the€appellantððs€sentence€œfor›€the€two€post„bail€counts.€€€Ìœà àAlthough€we€find€that€the€trial€court€incorrectly€applied€enhancement€factorsÏ(10)€and€(16),€given€the€relative€strength€of€the€three€remaining€appropriateÏenhancement€factors,€we€affirm€the€length€of€the€appellantððs€sentences.Ì›à àThe€appellant€next€contends€that€the€trial€court€erred€in€ordering€his€threeÏsentences€to€run€consecutively.€€œThe›€trial€court€found€that€the€drug€offenses€chargedÏin€indictments€95„A„135€and€94„A„431€were€committed€while€the€appellant€was€outÏon€bail€from€previous€drug€charges,€listed€in€case€no.€94„A„304.€€Furthermore,€theÍdrug€offense€charged€in€case€no.€95„A„135€was€committed€while€the€appellant€wasÏout€on€bail€from€the€drug€charge€in€case€no.€94„A„431.œ× ƒ' ××  ×›€€€€€€Ìœà àThe›€issue€of€consecutive€sentencing€is€governed€by€Tennessee€CodeÏAnnotated€section€40„20„111(b),€which€states:€€ÌÓÓà8 àIn€any€case€in€which€a€defendant€commits€a€felony€while€suchÏdefendant€was€released€on€bail€in€accordance€with€the€provisions€ofÏchapter€11,€part€1€of€this€title,€and€the€defendant€is€convicted€of€bothÏsuch€offenses,€the€trial€judge€shall€not€have€discretion€as€to€whether€theÏsentences€shall€run€concurrently€or€cumulatively,€but€shall€order€thatÏsuch€sentences€be€served€cumulatively.ÌÌÓÓà àThis€court€has€recently€determined€that€this€statute€applies€equally€in€casesÏwhere€defendants€are€convicted€by€juries€of€pre„bail€and€post„bail€offenses€and€inÏcases€where€defendants€pled€guilty€to€such€offenses.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Kevin€Fosteróó,€No.Ïœ03C01›„9510„CC„00337€(Tenn.€œCrim›.€œApp›.€At€Knoxville,€June€27,€1996).€€€€€€€€Ìà àThe€trial€court€did€not€err€in€ordering€consecutive€sentences.€€The€statuteÏmandates€them.€€The€appellantððs€issue€as€to€consecutive€sentencing€is€without€merit.Ìœà àAlthough€not€raised€by€either€party€on€appeal,€there€remains€a€final›€issueÏconcerning€the€order€in€which€the€appellant€must€serve€his€consecutive€sentences.€ÍAt€the€sentencing€hearing,€the€trial€court€ordered€the€ten„year€sentence€in€case€no.Ï94„A„304€to€run€consecutive€to€the€ten„year€sentence€in€94„A„431€and€the€five„yearÏsentence€in€95„A„135.€€Additionally,€the€trial€court€ordered€the€five„year€sentence€inÏcase€no.€95„A„135€to€run€consecutive€to€the€two€ten„year€sentences€in€94„A„304€andÏ94„A„431.€€Based€upon€our€review€of€the€œrecord,›€we€find€that€the€appellant€must€firstÏserve€the€ten„year€sentence€in€case€no.€94„A„304.€€This€sentence€covers€the€first€pre„bail€offense€for€which€the€appellant€was€charged€and€œconvicted€in€this€case.›€€The€ten„year€sentence€in€case€no.€94„A„431€must€run€consecutive€to€the€ten„year€sentence€inÏœ94„A„304.€€Furthermore,›€œwe€find€that€the€trial€court€properly€ordered€the€five„yearÏsentence€to€run€consecutive€to€the€two€ten„year€sentences.€€The€appellant€committedÏthe€drug€offense€in€95„A„135,€underlying€the€five„year€sentence,€while€he€was€out€onÏbail€for€the€two€previous€drug€offenses€in€94„A„304€and€94„A„431.›€€€Ì€€€€à àBased€upon€the€foregoing,€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court€is€affirmed.€€UponÏremand,€the€trial€court€œshall›€review€the€œjudgments›€to€ensure€that€the€appellant€servesÏhis€consecutive€sentences€in€the€proper€chronological€order.€€€€€€Ì̛̜ÌÓ33Óà àà àà àà àà àà à_______________________________Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àWILLIAM€M.€BARKER,€JUDGEÌœÌÌÌ›ÌÌCONCUR:ÌÌ____________________________ÌœJOHN€H.€PEAY,€Judge›ÌÌÌ____________________________ÌœJERRY€L.€SMITH,€Judge›Ì