’WPCŻ ØZ}QøęTęöŁŽļŚ›¤ięÆŁ¾ĘõõżŗēŹŽ¼Ū@QęÉnVŗR& ÖŌ—˜øT“|vb)Ņ)yńg¼p'žõ– ~(¶łÕŠåfGC͟™Ÿ®Ä³ķ­±9Lą„3q­#1ŠĢ2¤% ߙQ+¼ˆÆ¼Fģi8oē ĻŃĮq˜ū)‹vEˆÅy­T:°sQŚåŗŠŅå¼>¬÷Ow­jńMQ‡e«Ķ-£pę‘Čb‰±ćOŖ&–ŃUĘÖb(ėłE‹cbĖ.\iĆ|²§ķng°ģß]§½ĪØæ™_g4–ȐP6>ł‰ki›īü¤27¬ÅnW÷“ŲĶ' Q3NŠėWźŲČŠ·ŚBJ_”i,Źė ƒ.ĪAR)%Ÿt}Ä’ĒT÷œ,$3U;u«ųĒR/ёaÅ~Ū^2Ö³@’šuIp¹iæź†,˜Å'?;i5eƒĶ|ŻYlA'ī®z÷ļĖ`9ü§ŠźOĢ€ózŅ8‘›õ9ījB‘¬ø7~¬S ‘å…˜‚NÜ„” ŃŚ’ČŹ÷Ur|ŽgfĻśæ›`‹:yŅF.@Ęńčįō…ƐŅ9fŻń–Ė< –‹_5Ģų]ķKɦō›oi[’įEµ&Įs€lōųŒąžółÅb#É\ %% ^ + 0ˆ7 UfNæ w 4 z% ҟ q € m‚ ™ Ę” Ęg Ę-ĘóU @¹NłUNūU >IE‡ 0D‰ØĶŌuņII’;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;b::::::::::::::::::::: &B &h &Ž &““““““““““““ 0ėŚŚŚŚ BÅÅ 0¤ā D3† D-¹ 0Kęę AS1ʄ 0¤J 0Dī A«2˜\\IB01S08T\knoxclerk3ČČ,,,,ČČ0»oØ\/Ļ (`£Ŗ$””Ń€.ŃŃ8€½­»»d»»d8ŃŃ ż ŃÓ  Ó(ķ€"  Z6Times New Roman Regularóbļ.~1k(!„ ˜C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wpt3|x"’U‹’ĄĄĄ Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5‚Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5„Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5…Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(ÖĆ9 Z‹(Times New Roman (ÖĆ9 Z‹6Times New Roman Regularō\  `‹&Times New Roman(#Ć$ņņŚ  Ś0Ś  Śóó žŻ ƒR=ū$ŻÓ  Óą  ąņņŚ  Ś3Ś  ŚóóŌ€ō³Qņ»»ŌŻ  ŻŌ_ŌOur€reversal€does€not€affect€the€Defendantššs€sentence€because€the€Defendant€was€sentenced€to€11€months€andŠ ° Š29€days€for€this€assault€conviction€and€his€sentence€was€to€run€concurrently€with€the€other€sentences€imposed€upon€himŠ tÄ Šby€the€trial€court. ŹŻ ƒR=ū$ŻÓ  Óą  ąņņŚ  Ś1Ś  ŚóóŌ€ō³Qņ»»ŌŻ  ŻŌ_ŌThat€statute€reads:Š ° ŠĢҰŅŅ°Ņš šEffective€consentšš€means€assent€in€fact,€whether€express€or€apparent,€including€assent€ą8 @Ą ąby€one€legallyŠ 8ˆ Šauthorized€to€act€for€another.€Consent€is€not€effective€when:€Ō% ‡C ŌŌ%†CŽŌ(A)€Induced€by€deception€or€coercion;Š üL ŠŌ% ‡D ŌŌ%†DęŌ(B)€Given€by€a€person€the€defendant€knows€is€not€authorized€to€act€as€an€agent;€Ō% ‡E ŌŌ%†ETŌ(C)€Given€by€a€personŠ Ą Šwho,€by€reason€of€youth,€mental€disease€or€defect,€or€intoxication,€is€known€by€the€defendant€to€beŠ „Ō Šunable€to€make€reasonable€decisions€regarding€the€subject€matter;€or€Ō% ‡F ŌŌ%†FYŌ(D)€Given€solely€to€detect€theŠ H ˜ Šcommission€of€an€offense€.€.€.€. čŻ ƒR=ū$ŻÓ  Óą  ąņņŚ  Ś4Ś  ŚóóŌ€ō³Qņ»»ŌŻ  ŻŌ_ŌWe€previously€reversed€one€count€of€assault€because€the€jury€was€not€instructed€on€the€defense€of€consent. õŻ ƒR=ū$ŻÓ  Óą  ąņņŚ  Ś2Ś  ŚóóŌ€ō³Qņ»»ŌŻ  ŻŌ_ŌThe€Defendant€contends€that€this€case€should€not€be€remanded,€but€should€be€dismissed€because€the€evidenceŠ ° Šis€insufficient€for€assault.€€We,€however,€find€that€the€evidence€presented€at€trial,€and€articulated€above,€is€sufficient€forŠ tÄ Šan€assault€conviction.€€Accordingly,€we€remand€the€case€for€a€new€trial€consistent€with€this€opinion.- ł-’’SP;1e0a000047d36’’SP;548c000065854’’SP;b8e500009edd6’’SP;f821000035090(|G2=ū$¤¤Ż ƒ£Ŗ!ŻŃ€.ŃŃ8€ Y»»dd8ŃŃ ż ŃÓ  ÓŻ  Żą  ąņņŚ  Ś0Ś  ŚóóŌ€ō³Qņ»»Ō d(|3‡n$££Ż ƒ£Ŗ!ŻŃ€.ŃŃ8€ Y»»dd8ŃŃ ż ŃÓ  ÓŻ  ŻVVVV'’’dxd)!ČČČČdxdx( ±ž$’’ņ ņFigure€Ś  Ś1Ś  Śó ó^_X`YEž’<<C’’ƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(|3‡n$¢¢Ż ƒ£Ŗ!ŻŃ€.ŃŃ8€ Y»»dd8ŃŃ ż ŃÓ  ÓŻ  Ż($$””ņ ņŚ  Ś1Ś  Śó óX[Z&OLE 2.0 Box <=8’’’’’’’’’’C’’ HKKKKŻ ƒ£Ŗ!ŻŃ€.ŃŃ8€ Y»»ddČ8ŃŃ ż ŃÓ  ÓŻ  ŻŌ_ŌÓÓÓÓŃ  ŃŃ  ŃŌ€¼ Y»»»ŌŃ8€W…XXdģ»»d8Ńą@ttģąŌ‡ī¬ī»¼ YŌIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEˆŠ ° Šą@WW$ģąAT€KNOXVILLEŌ#†¼ Y»īī¬0#ԈŠ Ö& ŠÓ  Óą @ ąą @` ąAugust€20,€2002€SessionŠ üL ŠŌ‡XW…X»¼ YŌĢņ ņŌ#†¼ Y»XXW…9#ŌņņSTATE€OF€TENNESSEEóó€v.€ņņóóSTEPHEN€DENTONŌ‡XW…X»¼ YŌó óŠ śJ ŠĢą@@½½ģąņ ņDirect€Appeal€from€the€Criminal€Court€for€Ō_ŌMcMinnŌ_Ō€CountyŠ ś J Šą@@ųųģąNos.€98„535€to€98„539,€98„694€to€98„705,€99„244€to€99„248€€€€€€€R.€Steven€Ō_ŌBebbŌ_Ō,€JudgeŠ ę 6 ŠĢĢą@@ģģ*ģąßA€V) °°` d€÷E<©` Aߊ Ŗś  ŠĢą@@TTģąNo.€E2000„02615„CCA„R3„CD€Š „õ  ŠOctober€28,€Ō_Ō2003Ō_ŌŠ ‘į  ŠßA€V) °°` dE<|` Aߊ }Ķ  Šó óĢÓ  ÓIn€August€1998,€the€Ō_ŌMcMinnŌ_Ō€County€Grand€Jury€indicted€the€Defendant,€Stephen€L.€Denton,€M.D.,Š xČ  Šfor€one€count€of€rape,€two€counts€of€sexual€battery,€and€two€counts€of€unlawful€distribution€of€aŠ d“ ŠSchedule€IV€controlled€substance.€€In€November€1998,€the€Ō_ŌMcMinnŌ_Ō€County€Grand€Jury€indicted€theŠ P  ŠDefendant€for€three€counts€of€rape,€one€count€of€attempted€rape,€and€eight€counts€of€sexual€battery.€Š <Œ ŠIn€March€1999,€the€Ō_ŌMcMinnŌ_Ō€County€Grand€Jury€indicted€the€Defendant€for€one€count€of€rape€andŠ (x Šfour€counts€of€sexual€battery.€€In€sum,€the€Defendant€was€charged€in€three€different€indictments€forŠ d Štwenty„two€criminal€offenses€involving€eleven€different€female€patients.€€Despite€repeated€objectionsŠ P Šby€the€Defendant,€the€three€indictments€were€consolidated€for€trial.€€Four€of€the€counts€were€Ō_ŌnolliedŌ_ŌŠ ģ< Šbefore€trial,€two€more€counts€were€dismissed€at€the€conclusion€of€the€Stateššs€proof,€and€the€finalŠ Ų( Šsixteen€counts€were€considered€by€the€jury.€€The€jury€convicted€the€Defendant€for€six€counts€ofŠ Ä Šsexual€battery,€one€count€of€sexual€battery€by€an€authority€figure,€and€three€counts€of€assault€andŠ ° Šacquitted€the€Defendant€on€the€remaining€six€counts.€€Following€a€sentencing€hearing,€the€trial€courtŠ œģ Šimposed€an€effective€sentence€of€five€years€of€incarceration.€€On€appeal,€the€Defendant€contends:€(1)Š ˆŲ Šthat€the€trial€court€erred€by€denying€his€Motion€for€Severance;€(2)€that€the€trial€court€erred€by€denyingŠ tÄ Šhis€Motion€to€Suppress€his€statement€given€to€law€enforcement€officers€after€his€arrest;€(3)€that€theŠ `° Štrial€court€erred€by€allowing€the€State€to€improperly€cross„examine€the€Defendant€and€his€formerŠ L œ Šwife;€(4)€that€the€Defendant€did€not€exercise€š šsupervisory€poweršš€over€his€patient,€and,€therefore,Š 8!ˆ  Šwas€improperly€convicted€for€sexual€battery€by€an€authority€figure;€(5)€that€the€State€presentedŠ $"t! Šimproper€closing€arguments€that€were€š šso€inflammatory€and€prejudicial€as€to€require€reversal;šš€(6)Š #`" Šthat€the€Defendantššs€conviction€for€assault€against€an€undercover€law€enforcement€officer€should€beŠ ü#L# Šdismissed€because€the€undercover€officer€consented€to€the€aŌ_ŌctionsŌ_Ō€of€the€Defendant;€(7)€that€the€StateŠ č$8 $ Šfailed€to€elect€the€incident€upon€which€it€was€relying€to€support€one€of€the€Defendantššs€sexual€batteryŠ Ō%$!% Šconvictions;€and€(8)€that€the€trial€court€improperly€sentenced€the€Defendant.€€Finding€reversible€errorŠ Ą&"& Šin€case€number€98„538,€we€reverse€and€remand€the€Defendantššs€conviction€for€assault€in€that€case.€Š ¬'ü"' ŠWe€affirm€all€of€the€other€judgments€of€the€trial€court.Š ˜(č#( ŠĢÓOÓņ ņTenn.€R.€App.€P.€3€Appeal€as€of€Right;€Judgment€of€the€Criminal€Court€Affirmed€in€Part,Š p*Ą%* ŠReversed€in€Part,€and€Remanded.ó óŠ \+¬&+ Šā āŠ H,˜',żŌ ŠŌ_ŌņņÓ  ÓŌ#†¼ Y»ąXW…Æ#ŌŌ‡XW…X.¼ YŌRobert€W.€Wedemeyer,€J.óó,€delivered€the€opinion€of€the€court,€in€which€ņņGary€R.€Wade,€P.J.,óóŠ ° Šā ājoined.€€ņņJames€Curwood€Witt,€Jr.óó,€J.,€not€participating.Š œģ ŠĢD.€Mitchell€Bryant,€Cleveland,€Tennessee,€and€Victoria€B.€Eiger,€New€York,€New€York€(on€appeal);Š tÄ Šand€Robert€W.€Ritchie€and€David€M.€Eldridge,€Knoxville,€Tennessee€(at€trial),€for€the€appellant,Š `° ŠStephen€L.€Denton,€M.D.Š L œ ŠĢPaul€G.€Summers,€Attorney€General€and€Reporter;€Michael€Moore,€Solicitor€General;€Mark€A.Š $ t ŠFulks,€Assistant€Attorney€General;€Jerry€N.€Estes,€District€Attorney€General;€and€William€W.€ReedyŠ  ` Šand€Amy€F.€Reedy,€Assistant€District€Attorneys€General,€for€the€appellee,€State€of€Tennessee.Š ü L  ŠÓŠÓĢą@@OO&ģąņ ņOPINIONŠ Ō$  ŠĢI.€€Backgroundą0 @ ąŠ ¬ü  ŠĢA.€€Pre„Trial€Hearing€on€Defendantššs€Motion€for€Severance€and€Š „Ō  ŠMotion€to€Suppress€his€Statementó óŠ pĄ ŠĢÓ  Óą  ąPrior€to€trial,€the€Defendant€moved€the€trial€court€to€sever€the€offenses€against€each€of€theŠ H˜ Šnine€victims€contained€in€the€November€1998€and€March€1999€indictments.€€ņ ņó óThe€Defendant€agreedŠ 4„ Šthat€the€charges€contained€in€the€August€1998€indictment€against€him€should€be€consolidated€forŠ  p Štrial.€€Thus,€the€Defendant€requested€ten€separate€jury€trials€as€a€means€of€disposing€of€the€threeŠ  \ Šindictments€against€him.€€The€State€argued€that€all€of€the€charges€should€be€consolidated€and€heardŠ ųH Šby€one€jury€at€one€trial,€asserting€that€the€offenses€were€part€of€a€common€scheme€or€plan€and€thatŠ ä4 Šthe€evidence€of€one€would€be€admissible€upon€the€trial€of€the€others.€€Tenn.€R.€Crim.€P.€14(b)(1).€Š Š  ŠPrior€to€deciding€this€issue,€the€trial€court€reviewed€video€tapes€of€law€enforcement€interviews€withŠ ¼  Šeach€of€the€eleven€alleged€victims.€€The€trial€court€agreed€that€the€cases€should€be€consolidated€forŠ Øų Štrial.€Š ”ä ŠĢą  ąPrior€to€trial,€the€Defendant€also€filed€a€motion€to€suppress€his€statements€given€to€lawŠ l¼ Šenforcement€officers,€which€he€allegedly€made€on€the€date€of€his€arrest.€€The€trial€court€conductedŠ X Ø Ša€hearing€on€the€motion,€at€which€the€following€evidence€was€presented:€Detective€Bill€MatthewsŠ D!” Štestified€that€he€had€been€a€detective€with€the€Athens,€Tennessee,€Police€Department€for€sixteen€andŠ 0"€  Ša€half€years.€€In€the€summer€of€1998,€he€became€involved€as€an€investigating€officer€in€the€caseŠ #l! Šagainst€the€Defendant.€€Detective€Matthews€testified€that€eight€to€ten€officers,€including€officers€fromŠ $X" Šthe€Athens€Police€Department,€the€McMinn€County€Sheriffššs€Office,€and€the€Tennessee€Bureau€ofŠ ō$D # ŠInvestigation€(š šTBIšš),€all€participated€in€the€arrest€of€the€Defendant.€€Detective€Matthews€testifiedŠ ą%0!$ Šthat€on€August€18,€1998,€the€same€day€that€the€McMinn€County€Grand€Jury€indicted€the€DefendantŠ Ģ&"% Šand€issued€a€capias,Ō#†¼ Y»XXW…¹#ŌŌ‡XW…X»¼ YŌ€he,€with€other€law€enforcement€officers,€proceeded€to€the€Defendantššs€office.€Š ø'#& ŠDetective€Matthews€testified€that€the€officers€searched€Defendantššs€office€for€about€an€hour€and€aŠ ¤(ō#' Šhalf€to€two€hours,€and€that€then€Detective€Matthews€and€Tennessee€Bureau€of€Investigations€AgentŠ )ą$( Šā āTodd€J.€Jordan€took€the€Defendant€to€the€McMinn€County€Justice€Center.€€Detective€MatthewsŠ |*Ģ%) Štestified€that€he€and€Agent€Jordan€questioned€the€Defendant.€€He€stated€that€the€interview€wasŠ ° Šconducted€š šmostly€.€.€.€[by]€Agent€Jordan€and€m[e].ššŠ œģ Šā āĢą  ąThe€Defendant€was€present€in€his€office€when€the€officers€arrived,€and€he€was€placed€inŠ tÄ Šcustody€at€that€time.€€Detective€Matthews€testified€that€ņņMirandaóó€rights€were€read€to€the€DefendantŠ `° Štwice,€first€at€the€Defendantššs€office€and€again€at€the€McMinn€County€Justice€Center.€€DetectiveŠ L œ ŠMatthews€testified€that€the€Defendant€signed€a€written€ņņMirandaóó€waiver.€€The€detective€€stated€thatŠ 8 ˆ Šthe€Defendant€was€in€an€interview€room€for€about€forty„five€minutes€to€an€hour€during€which€theŠ $ t ŠDefendant€gave€a€three„page€statement.€€Detective€Matthews€testified€that€the€Defendantššs€attorney,Š  ` ŠHolt€Smith,€arrived€at€the€interview€room,€walked€in€and€said,€š šStephen€whatššs€going€on?šš€Š ü L  ŠMatthews€reported€that€the€Defendant€said,€š šI€just€want€to€get€this€over€with.šš€€Attorney€SmithŠ č 8  Šresponded,€š šStephen€I€donššt€know€that€you€should€be€saying€anything.ššņ ņ€€ó óAccording€to€Matthews,€theŠ Ō$  ŠDefendantššs€response€was,€š šI€just€want€to€get€this€over€with.šš€€Detective€Matthews€testified€that€atŠ Ä  Šsome€point€thereafter€Attorney€Smith€advised€the€Defendant,€š šStephen€thatššs€enough,€stop,šš€and€thatŠ °  Šthe€interview€was€terminated.€€Detective€Matthews€recalled€that€when€the€Defendant€was€arrestedŠ œģ  Šin€his€office,€he€asked€the€detective,€š š[S]houldnššt€I€have€a€lawyer,šš€to€which€Detective€MatthewsŠ ˆŲ  Šrecalled€responding,€š šWell,€thatššs€up€to€you.šš€€Detective€Matthews€recalled€Agent€Jordan€telling€theŠ tÄ ŠDefendant€that€cooperation€would€be€beneficial€to€the€Defendant.Š `° ŠĢą  ąDetective€Matthews€testified€that€he€and€the€Defendant€looked€upon€each€other€š šin€a€friendlyŠ 8ˆ Šfashionšš€during€the€time€that€the€Defendant€was€being€held€at€the€justice€center.€€The€detective€Š $t Šrecalled€that€from€time€to€time€the€Defendant€would€say€things€like,€š šBill,€what€should€I€do,šš€andŠ ` ŠDetective€Matthews€told€the€Defendant€to€š štell€the€truth.šš€€Detective€Matthews€also€testified€that€heŠ üL Štold€the€Defendant€to€cooperate€and€that€he€did€not€see€how€telling€the€truth€could€hurt€theŠ č8 ŠDefendant.€€Detective€Matthews€testified€that€the€Defendant€wanted€to€call€his€wife€to€discussŠ Ō$ Šwhether€she€should€consent€to€a€search€of€the€Defendantššs€house.€€Detective€Matthews€reported€thatŠ Ą ŠAgent€Jordan€told€the€Defendant€he€could€not€make€a€phone€call€at€that€time,€but€that€he€could€later.€Š ¬ü ŠDetective€Matthews€testified€that€the€Defendant€was€never€allowed€to€use€the€phone€in€theŠ ˜č Šdetectiveššs€presence.€€Š „Ō ŠĢą  ąDetective€Matthews€testified€that€the€Defendant€spoke€with€him€alone€and€said€words€to€theŠ \ ¬ Šeffect€of€š šshouldnššt€I€have€a€lawyer.€€I€think€I€need€a€lawyer.šš€€In€response,€the€detective€told€theŠ H!˜ ŠDefendant€š šthatššs€up€to€you,šš€and€š šI€feel€like€you€are€doing€the€right€thing€by€telling€the€truth.šš€Š 4"„  ŠDetective€Matthews€testified€that€when€Agent€Jordan€came€back€into€the€interview€room,€theŠ  #p! ŠDefendant€started€answering€Agent€Jordanššs€questions.€€The€detective€recalled€Attorney€SmithŠ  $\" Šcoming€to€the€door€and€Agent€Jordan€asking€the€attorney€to€step€outside.€€Detective€MatthewsŠ ų$H # Štestified€that€after€a€few€minutes€both€men€came€into€the€interview€room€and€Agent€Jordan€said€toŠ ä%4!$ ŠAttorney€Smith,€š šYou€can€comeņ ņ€ó óin€so€long€as€you€donššt€say€anything.šš€€The€detective€testified€thatŠ Š& "% ŠAgent€Jordan€asked€the€Defendant€how€to€spell€š šgenitalia,šš€and€at€that€point€Attorney€Smith€said,Š Ą'#& Šš šStephen,€I€donššt€think€you€ought€to€say€anything€else.šš€€Detective€Matthews€recalled€that€theŠ ¬(ü#' Šinterview€terminated€at€that€point.€€Š ˜)č$( Šā āŠ „*Ō%) Šą  ąDetective€Matthews€testified€that€no€one€threatened€the€Defendant€or€promised€him€anythingŠ ° Šā āin€exchange€for€making€a€statement.€€Detective€Matthews€also€testified€that€the€Defendant€did€notŠ œģ Šappear€to€be€disoriented€š špast€the€point€of€understandingšš€and€did€not€ask€Detective€Matthews€anyŠ ˆŲ Šquestions€about€any€of€the€writings€that€had€been€read€to€him€on€the€waivers.€€The€detective€testifiedŠ tÄ Šthat€the€Defendant€did€not€indicate€that€he€did€not€understand€what€was€going€on€at€any€point€in€time.Š `° ŠĢą  ąAgent€Jordan€testified€that€he€had€been€a€special€agent€with€the€TBI€for€six€and€a€half€years,Š 8 ˆ Šand€that€he€served€the€capias€on€the€Defendant€in€the€Defendantššs€medical€office.€€Further,€heŠ $ t Štestified€that€he€read€a€ņņMirandaóó€warning€form€to€the€Defendant€in€the€Defendantššs€office,€and€theŠ  ` ŠDefendant€signed€the€form.€€Thereafter,€Agent€Jordan€testified€that€he€read€and€explained€a€consent„Š ü L  Što„search€form€to€the€Defendant,€which€the€Defendant€signed.€€The€agent€testified€that€the€DefendantŠ č 8  Šasked€if€he€could€contact€his€wife€to€tell€her€that€the€police€would€be€coming,€and€Agent€Jordan€toldŠ Ō$  Šhim€that€was€not€acceptable€at€that€time.€€Agent€Jordan€characterized€the€Defendant€as€š šcooperativeššŠ Ą  Šand€said€that€he€š šseemed€to€be€fully€cognizant€of€what€I€was€explaining€to€him.šš€€The€agent€testifiedŠ ¬ü  Šthat€during€the€interview€at€the€McMinn€County€Justice€Center,€either€the€Defendant€or€DetectiveŠ ˜č  ŠMatthews€asked€him€to€leave€the€room,€and€he€was€gone€five€to€ten€minutes.€€Agent€Jordan€reportedŠ „Ō  Šthat€when€he€returned€to€the€room,€Detective€Matthews€informed€him€that€the€Defendant€wanted€toŠ pĄ Štell€the€truth€and€š šget€this€off€his€shoulders.šš€€The€agent€then€began€asking€the€Defendant€aboutŠ \¬ Šinappropriate€contact€with€female€patients.€€Š H˜ ŠĢą  ąAgent€Jordan€testified€that€while€he€was€taking€the€Defendantššs€statement,€the€door€to€theŠ  p Šinterview€room€opened€and€Attorney€Smith€entered€the€room.€€Agent€Jordan€reported€that€AttorneyŠ  \ ŠSmith€said€he€was€the€Defendantššs€friend€and€an€attorney€and€that€he€was€there€for€the€Defendant.Ō#†¼ Y»XXW…ņ#ŌŌ‡XW…X»¼ YԀРųH ŠThe€agent€testified€that€he€š šhad€the€attorney€t[aken]€back€out€of€the€room,€[and]€asked€the€DefendantŠ ä4 Šif€he€wanted€.€.€.€to€speak€to€an€attorney.šš€€In€response,€€the€Defendant€said,€š šNo,€I€just€want€to€getŠ Š  Šthis€over€with.šš€€The€agent€testified€that€he€then€went€outside,€spoke€to€the€attorney,€and€explainedŠ ¼  Što€the€attorney€that€the€Defendant€was€giving€a€statement€and€did€not€want€the€attorney€present.€Ō#†¼ Y»XXW…C=#ŌŌ‡XW…X»¼ YŌ€TheŠ Øų Šattorney€asked€if€he€could,€nevertheless,€sit€in€while€the€statement€was€taken,€and€Agent€JordanŠ ”ä Šreplied,€š šWell,€yes,€if€you€will€keep€your€mouth€shut.šš€The€agent€testified€that€he€was€to€the€pointŠ €Š Šof€writing€the€word€š šgenitaliašš€and€that€he€asked€the€Defendant€to€spell€that€word,€which€theŠ l¼ ŠDefendant€did.€€Agent€Jordan€testified€that€before€he€could€continue€any€further,€the€door€came€openŠ X Ø Šand€the€attorneyššs€wife,€Mrs.€Smith,€entered€the€room.€€Agent€Jordan€testified€that€Mrs.€Smith€asked,Š D!” Šš šIs€[the€Defendant]€ready€to€go?€€His€bondsman€is€here.šš€€The€agent€testified€that€the€DefendantŠ 0"€  Šturned€to€his€attorney€and€said,€š šWhat€do€I€do?šš€and€the€attorney€said,€š šDonššt€say€another€word.šš€Š #l! ŠAgent€Jordan€testified€that€it€was€at€this€point€that€the€interview€ceased.Š $X" ŠĢą  ąAgent€Jordan€testified€that€the€interview€with€the€Defendant€was€not€tape€recordedŌ#†¼ Y»XXW…x?#ŌŌ‡XW…X»¼ YŌ€and€thatŠ ą%0!$ Šhe€did€not€take€any€notes€simultaneously€with€the€interview,€but€after€one€or€two€hours€he€wroteŠ Ģ&"% Šdown€the€oral€statements€that€the€Defendant€made€during€the€interview.Ō#†¼ Y»XXW…õC#ŌŌ‡XW…X»¼ YŌ€€The€agent€also€testified€thatŠ ø'#& Šat€some€point€while€he€was€at€the€Defendantššs€office,€he€received€a€phone€call€from€the€DefendantššsŠ ¤(ō#' Šwife,€who€š šwanted€to€know€what€it€was€all€about.šš€€Agent€Jordan€testified€that€his€response€was,€š šIŠ )ą$( Šcanššt€tell€you€at€this€time.šš€€The€agent€testified€that€he€did€not€allow€the€Defendantššs€wife€to€speakŠ |*Ģ%) Šwith€the€Defendant€and€he€did€not€allow€the€Defendant€to€make€a€phone€call.Š h+ø&* Їą  ąOn€cross„examination,€Agent€Jordan€testified€that€the€arrest€of€the€Defendant€was€made€atŠ ° Šthe€Defendantššs€office,€at€which€time€Officer€Jordan€read€the€capias€to€the€Defendant€in€response€toŠ œģ Šthe€Defendantššs€question,€š šWhatššs€this€all€about?šš€€Agent€Jordan€did€recall€the€DefendantššsŠ ˆŲ Šrequesting€to€call€his€wife€at€some€point€š šearly€on€in€the€process.šš€€Agent€Jordan€did€not€recall€thatŠ tÄ Šthe€Defendant€inquired€about€the€Defendantššs€need€for€an€attorney€while€he€was€in€custody€at€theŠ `° ŠDefendantššs€office,€but€he€did€recollect€the€Defendantššs€stating,€š šShouldnššt€I€have€an€attorney?ššŠ L œ Šduring€the€interview€process.€€Agent€Jordan€testified€that€he€told€the€Defendant€that€if€the€DefendantŠ 8 ˆ Šcooperated,€the€District€Attorneyššs€Office€would€look€more€favorably€upon€his€situation.Š $ t ŠĢą  ąLevi€Phillips€testified€that€he€was€an€officer€with€the€Athens€City€Police€Department€and€thatŠ ü L  Šhe€was€involved€in€the€investigation€and€arrest€of€the€Defendant.€€Officer€Phillips€testified€that€onŠ č 8  ŠAugust€18,€1998,€he€was€assigned€to€watch€the€Defendant€and€stay€with€him,€which€he€did€for€twoŠ Ō$  Što€four€hours.€€Officer€Phillips€testified€that€at€some€point€in€time,€while€he€and€the€Defendant€wereŠ Ą  Šat€the€Defendantššs€office,€the€Defendant€said€to€Phillips,€š šI€f„„„ed€up.šš€€Officer€Phillips€testified€thatŠ ¬ü  Šhis€response€was,€š šWell,€it€canššt€be€that€bad.ššŠ ˜č  ŠĢą  ąAttorney€Holt€Smith€testified€that€on€August€18,€1998,€he€was€the€Defendantššs€attorney€inŠ pĄ Šš šat€least€two€civil€matters.šš€€Attorney€Smith€testified€that€he€received€a€phone€call€from€theŠ \¬ ŠDefendantššs€wife,€who€asked€him€to€go€to€Athens€to€check€into€the€arrest€of€the€Defendant.€€AttorneyŠ H˜ ŠSmith€testified€that€when€he€went€to€the€room€where€the€Defendant€was€being€held,€Agent€JordanŠ 4„ Šcame€out€in€the€hallway€and€asked€him€what€he€was€doing€there.€€The€attorney€testified€that€heŠ  p Šexplained€to€Agent€Jordan€that€he€had€received€a€call€from€the€Defendantššs€wife€regarding€theŠ  \ ŠDefendantššs€arrest€and€that€he€was€there€on€the€Defendantššs€behalf.€€Attorney€Smith€testified€thatŠ ųH ŠAgent€Jordan€asked€him€if€he€was€representing€the€Defendant€in€this€case,€to€which€the€attorneyŠ ä4 Šresponded,€š šWell,€you€know,€his€wife€has€called€me.šš€€The€attorney€testified€that€Agent€Jordan€saidŠ Š  Šthat€the€Defendant€told€the€officers€that€he€did€not€need€or€want€an€attorney.Š ¼  ŠĢą  ąAttorney€Smith€testified€that€he€told€Agent€Jordan€he€would€like€to€talk€to€the€Defendant€and€Š ”ä ŠAgent€Jordan€said,€š šWell,€Iššm€going€to€go€back€in€and€talk€to€him€and€see€if€he€wants€you€to€comeŠ €Š Šin,šš€or€words€to€that€effect.€€The€attorney€testified€that€three€minutes€later,€Agent€Jordan€came€outŠ l¼ Šof€the€interview€room€and€told€him€that€he€could€come€in,€but€that€the€Defendant€did€not€want€anŠ X Ø Šattorney.€€Further,€the€agent€told€the€attorney€that€if€the€agent€allowed€the€attorney€into€the€room€heŠ D!” Šdid€not€want€the€attorney€to€participate€in€any€š šgrand€standing.šš€€Attorney€Smith€testified€that€afterŠ 0"€  Šhe€went€inside€the€room,€Agent€Jordan€was€writing€something€and€then€asked€the€Defendant€howŠ #l! Što€spell€a€word,€at€which€time€the€Defendant€looked€to€the€attorney€and€said,€š šShould€I€sayŠ $X" Šanything?šš€€The€attorney€recalled€that€he€said,€š šSteve,€I€just€wouldnššt€say€anything€else.šš€€ShortlyŠ ō$D # Šthereafter,€the€attorneyššs€wife€knocked€on€the€door€and€informed€those€in€the€room€that€š štheŠ ą%0!$ Šbondsman€[was]€[t]here.šš€€The€attorney€testified€that€Agent€Jordan€š šsort€of€got€irritated€and€said€ššWeŠ Ģ&"% Šcanššt€turn€this€into€a€three€ring€circus.šššš€The€attorney€testified€that€š šthe€thing€just€sort€of€shut€downŠ ø'#& Šat€that€point.ššŠ ¤(ō#' ŠĢą  ąThe€Defendant€testified€that€he€resides€in€Etowah,€Tennessee,€and€that€he€had€practicedŠ |*Ģ%) Šmedicine€in€McMinn€County€since€1981.€€He€recalled€that€at€2:30€p.m.€on€the€day€of€his€arrest,€heŠ h+ø&* Šhad€thirteen€patients€signed€in,€with€four€patients€in€the€examining€room€and€nine€more€in€the€lobby.€Š ° ŠThe€Defendant€testified€that€law€enforcement€agents€came€into€his€office,€grabbed€him,€and€took€himŠ œģ Šfrom€exam€room€number€one€into€the€lab€area.€€The€Defendant€testified€that€Agent€Jordan€told€himŠ ˆŲ Šš šyou€know€you€have€a€right€to€a€lawyer€and€you€know€the€restšš€and€then€immediately€handcuffedŠ tÄ Šhim.€€The€Defendant€testified€that€as€soon€as€the€law€enforcement€officers€put€him€in€handcuffs,€heŠ `° Šasked€to€call€a€lawyer€and€his€wife.€€The€Defendant€testified€that€the€officers€ignored€his€requests.€Š L œ ŠThe€Defendant€further€testified€that€the€law€enforcement€officers€told€him€that€if€he€agreed€to€theŠ 8 ˆ Šcharges,€that€it€would€be€more€favorable€for€the€jury€and€the€judge.€€The€Defendant€testified€that€heŠ $ t Šsigned€the€forms€because€š šthey€told€me€if€I€didnššt€cooperate€that€things€would€really€be€bad€for€me,Š  ` Šand€I€was€sort€of€in€a€state€of€shock,€I€just,€you€know,€just€put€[an€initial]€beside€the€thing.šš€€TheŠ ü L  ŠDefendant€testified€that€when€he€asked€the€officers€a€third€time€about€a€phone€call,€which€was€aboutŠ č 8  Šan€hour€before€š šwe€were€ready€to€leave,šš€that€Agent€Jordan€looked€at€him€and€said€that€he€couldŠ Ō$  Šmake€the€call€š šwhen€you€get€to€the€jail.ššŠ Ą  ŠĢą  ąThe€Defendant€testified€that€when€he,€Agent€Jordan€and€Detective€Matthews€arrived€at€theŠ ˜č  Šjail,€he€asked€again€if€he€could€call€a€lawyer€and€his€wife.€€The€Defendant€testified€that€he€askedŠ „Ō  ŠDetective€Matthews€to€have€Agent€Jordan€step€out€of€the€room€because€the€Defendant€had€knownŠ pĄ ŠDetective€Matthews€since€1981€and€thought€that€he€could€speak€with€him€as€a€friend.€€The€DefendantŠ \¬ ŠtestifiedŌ#†¼ Y»XXW…E#ŌŌ‡XW…X»¼ YŌ€that€after€Agent€Jordan€left,€he€asked€Detective€Matthews€what€he€should€do€and€DetectiveŠ H˜ ŠMatthews€said,€š šWell,€doc,€you€had€better€do€exactly€what€[Agent€Jordan]€said€to€do€or€you€areŠ 4„ Šgoing€to€be€looking€at€24€to€25€years€in€jail.šš€€The€Defendant€testified€that€he€asked€DetectiveŠ  p ŠMatthews€if€he€thought€he€needed€a€lawyer€and€Detective€Matthews€responded€š šthat€calling€a€lawyerŠ  \ Šwould€be€an€admission€of€guilt€and€that€would€be€looked€upon€unfavorably€by€the€judge€and€theŠ ųH Šjury.ššŠ ä4 ŠĢą  ąThe€Defendant€testified€that€he€did€not€understand€anything€he€signed€either€at€his€office€orŠ ¼  Šat€the€jail€because€he€was€in€a€state€of€shock.€€The€Defendant€also€testified€that€he€did€not€read€whatŠ Øų Šhe€signed€and€that€the€officers€were€not€being€truthful€when€they€said€they€read€it€to€him.€€TheŠ ”ä ŠDefendant€stated€that€he€did€not€make€the€statements€attributed€to€him€by€the€officers,€but€that€theŠ €Š Šofficers€just€wrote€down€what€they€wanted.€€The€Defendant€testified€on€cross„examination€that€heŠ l¼ Šhad€not€used€any€alcohol€or€any€drugs€on€the€day€of€his€arrest.Š X Ø ŠĢą  ąPatricia€Denton€testified€that€she€is€married€to€the€Defendant€and€that€she€and€the€DefendantŠ 0"€  Šlive€in€Etowah,€Tennessee.€€She€testified€that€on€August€18,€1998,€she€was€at€home€when€three€menŠ #l! Šfrom€the€McMinn€County€Sheriffššs€Department€came€to€her€home.€€The€men€indicated€that€theyŠ $X" Šwanted€to€search€her€house€for€drugs.€€Mrs.€Denton€testified€that€although€she€denied€the€officersŠ ō$D # Špermission€to€search€the€house,€they€proceeded€to€search€anyway.€€She€asked€two€of€the€officersŠ ą%0!$ Šwhere€her€husband€was,€and€they€told€her€he€was€at€the€office€and€that€she€could€call€the€office,Š Ģ&"% Šwhich€she€did.€€Mrs.€Denton€testified€that€she€spoke€with€Agent€Jordan€who€denied€her€request€toŠ ø'#& Šspeak€to€the€Defendant.€€Mrs.€Denton€then€called€her€best€friend,€Barbara€Jo€Smith,€whose€husbandŠ ¤(ō#' Šis€an€attorney.€€Mrs.€Smith€said€she€would€call€her€husband€and€he€would€call€Mrs.€Denton€rightŠ )ą$( Šā āback.€€Attorney€Smith€called€Mrs.€Denton€and,€based€upon€his€advice,€she€told€the€men€at€her€homeŠ |*Ģ%) Šthat€her€lawyer€was€on€the€way.€€Mrs.€Denton€testified€that€their€reaction€was€to€speed€up€the€processŠ ° Šof€š štaking€everything€out€of€the€bedroom€upstairs.šš€Š œģ Šā āĢą@¾¾ģąņ ņB.€€Evidence€Presented€at€TrialˆŠ tÄ ŠĢą  ąó óAt€trial,€the€State€offered€evidence€from€multiple€women,€each€of€whom€alleged€that€theŠ L œ ŠDefendant€sexually€assaulted€them.€€Sandra€Harley€testified€that€in€November€1992,€when€she€wasŠ 8 ˆ Šapproximately€eighteen€years€old,€she€experienced€š šsome€sort€of€femalešš€problems€and€visited€theŠ $ t Šoffice€of€the€Defendant.€€Harley€testified€that€she€was€told€to€undress€from€the€waist€down€by€theŠ  ` ŠDefendant,€who€left€the€room€while€she€undressed.€€She€testified€that€she€got€on€the€examining€tableŠ ü L  Šwith€her€feet€in€the€stirrups€and€that€she€had€a€white€sheet€over€the€lower€portion€of€her€body.€€SheŠ č 8  Štestified€that€the€Defendant€pushed€on€her€abdomen,€inserted€one€finger€and€then€another€finger€intoŠ Ō$  Šher€vagina€and€then€took€his€fingers€out.€€She€reported€that€the€Defendant€began€to€massage€herŠ Ą  Šclitoris€and€asked€her€if€that€hurt.€€She€then€got€off€the€table,€put€her€clothes€on,€grabbed€her€purseŠ ¬ü  Šin€one€hand€and€her€shoes€in€the€other,€and€rapidly€left€the€Defendantššs€office€crying.€€Harley€wentŠ ˜č  Što€her€fatherššs€house,€and€told€him€what€had€happened,€whereupon€her€father€called€the€police€andŠ „Ō  Šthe€police€came€to€the€fatherššs€house.€€Harley€testified€that€she€reported€the€incident€to€a€femaleŠ pĄ Špolice€officer,€and€then€she€went€to€the€hospital€emergency€room€for€a€rape€examination.€€SheŠ \¬ Štestified€that€she€never€went€back€to€the€police€and€never€heard€anything€else€about€the€case.€€InŠ H˜ Š1998,€after€learning€that€the€Defendant€had€been€arrested,€she€gave€a€videotaped€statementŠ 4„ Šconcerning€the€1992€incident€to€Detective€Matthews€and€Agent€Jordan.€Š  p ŠĢą  ąJames€Landers€testified€that€he€is€Sandra€Harleyššs€father€and€that€he€went€to€see€theŠ ųH ŠDefendant€within€five€minutes€of€being€told€of€the€incident€described€by€his€daughter.€€LandersŠ ä4 Štestified€that€when€he€asked€the€Defendant€what€he€had€done€to€his€daughter,€the€Defendant€told€himŠ Š  Šall€he€did€was€š šmash€on€her€stomachšš€and€write€her€a€prescription.Š ¼  ŠĢą  ąMelissa€Martin€testified€that€in€November€1997,€she€sought€treatment€from€the€DefendantŠ ”ä Šfor€back€injuries€that€she€received€in€a€car€wreck.€€Martin€reported€that€the€Defendant€told€her€thatŠ €Š Šshe€was€pretty,€that€her€hair€was€pretty,€and€that€she€had€the€prettiest€smile.€€Martin€testified€thatŠ l¼ Šwhen€the€Defendant€listened€to€her€chest€and€š šmashed€aroundšš€on€her€back,€he€would€lay€his€headŠ X Ø Šon€one€of€her€shoulders,€which€she€thought€was€unusual.€€On€her€second€visit€to€the€DefendantššsŠ D!” Šoffice,€the€Defendant€sat€in€a€chair€and€would€roll€up€in€the€chair€and€would€š šhave,€like,€an€erectionŠ 0"€  Šon€him.šš€€Martin€testified€that€she€could€feel€the€Defendantššs€erection€on€her€leg.€€Š #l! ŠĢą  ąMartin€testified€that€at€an€appointment€with€the€Defendant€in€May€of€1998,€the€DefendantŠ ō$D # Šinstructed€her€to€stand€up€and€unbutton€her€pants€a€little€bit.€The€Defendant€then€rolled€on€a€stool€toŠ ą%0!$ Šthe€door,€locked€the€door,€rolled€back€to€her,€and€stood€behind€her€with€an€erection.€€Martin€testifiedŠ Ģ&"% Šthat€the€Defendant€š šwent€up€under€my€shirt€and€he€was€massaging€me€and€rubbing€me€and€asked€meŠ ø'#& Šif€that€felt€good€and€if€I€had€somebody€to€do€that€for€me.šš€€Martin€reported€that€the€DefendantŠ ¤(ō#' Šmassaged€her€lower€back€and€stuck€his€finger€in€her€bottom€and€she€told€him€š šitššs€not€hurting€there.šš€Š )ą$( ŠMartin€testified€that€she€went€straight€home€and€told€her€mother,€Doris€Ann€Delzell,€about€thisŠ |*Ģ%) Šincident.€€The€next€day€Martin€talked€to€her€attorney,€Randy€Rogers,€about€the€incident.€€MartinŠ h+ø&* Štestified€that€she€did€not€do€anything€about€the€incident€because€she€was€scared€that€everybody€wouldŠ ° Šbelieve€the€Defendant€instead€of€her.€€Martin€was€never€interviewed€about€this€incident€until€afterŠ œģ Šthe€Defendantššs€arrest€and,€at€that€time,€she€gave€a€videotaped€statement€to€Detective€Matthews.Š ˆŲ ŠĢą  ąDoris€Ann€Delzell,€Melissa€Martinššs€mother,€testified€that€when€Martin€came€to€her€upsetŠ `° Šabout€the€conduct€of€the€Defendant,€Delzell€wanted€to€confront€the€Defendant.€€She€testified€that€herŠ L œ Šdaughter€did€not€want€her€to€confront€the€Defendant,€so€she€agreed€that€she€would€not€if€her€daughterŠ 8 ˆ Šagreed€to€consult€attorney€Randy€Rogers€about€the€incident.Š $ t ŠĢą  ąRandy€Rogers,€an€attorney€practicing€in€Athens,€Tennessee,€testified€that€Melissa€MartinŠ ü L  Šcame€to€him€for€representation€shortly€after€she€was€involved€in€an€automobile€accident€on€July€29,Š č 8  Š1997.€€Rogers€testified€that€Martin€became€distraught€when€he€urged€her€to€continue€seeing€theŠ Ō$  ŠDefendant€for€her€injuries.€€Rogers€testified€that€Martin€was€reluctant€to€return€to€see€the€DefendantŠ Ą  Šand€that€she€began€crying.€€Rogers€testified€that€on€the€day€that€Martin€became€distraught€and€sharedŠ ¬ü  Šwith€him€the€problems€about€going€back€to€the€Defendant,€he€suggested€š šsome€remediesšš€includingŠ ˜č  Ša€potential€civil€action€and€the€possibility€of€Martinššs€notifying€police€authorities€as€to€what€had€beenŠ „Ō  Šhappening€so€that€an€investigation€could€be€conducted.€€Rogers€specifically€recalled€suggesting€toŠ pĄ ŠMartin€that€she€contact€Detective€Matthews.€Š \¬ ŠĢą  ąCarolyn€Grant€testified€that€she€lived€in€McMinn€County€in€1996€and€1997,€and€that€TennŠ 4„ ŠCare€assigned€the€Defendant€as€her€doctor.€€Grant€testified€that€she€felt€uncomfortable€when€theŠ  p ŠDefendant€would€listen€to€her€heart€because€she€did€not€feel€it€necessary€for€the€Defendant€to€holdŠ  \ Šher€breasts€and€squeeze€her€breasts€to€listen€to€her€heart.€€Grant€also€testified€that€the€DefendantŠ ųH Šasked€her€questions€about€her€sexual€relationship€with€her€boyfriend€and€whether€she€had€multipleŠ ä4 Šsex€partners.€€Grant€testified€that€the€Defendantššs€questions€were€š šstrange.šš€€Grant€reported€that€theŠ Š  ŠDefendant€would€sit€on€his€stool€and€rub€his€genitalia€against€her€knees€at€every€visit.€€Grant€alsoŠ ¼  Štestified€that€the€Defendant€gave€her€his€pager€number€and€told€her€that€if€she€needed€to€talk€toŠ Øų Šanybody,€they€could€get€together€and€have€drinks.€€Š ”ä ŠĢą  ąSharon€K.€Roberts€testified€that€she€was€referred€to€the€Defendant€through€Tenn€Care.€Š l¼ ŠRoberts€testified€that€she€went€to€the€Defendant€for€back€pain€and€that€he€put€his€hand€down€insideŠ X Ø Šher€š šbritchesšš€in€the€back€while€he€was€listening€to€her€heart.€€Roberts€testified€that€she€told€theŠ D!” ŠDefendant€to€move€his€hand€because€that€was€not€where€her€back€hurt.€€Roberts€reported€that€eachŠ 0"€  Štime€the€Defendant€checked€her€heart,€he€would€put€one€hand€on€her€breast.€€Roberts€testified€thatŠ #l! Šshe€was€uncomfortable€with€this€procedure.€€Roberts€also€testified€that€the€Defendant€told€her€sheŠ $X" Šlooked€pretty€and€smelled€good.€€Finally,€Roberts€testified€that€if€she€took€her€little€girl€into€theŠ ō$D # Šexamining€room€with€her€that€the€Defendant€would€not€do€anything€inappropriate.Š ą%0!$ ŠĢą  ąBrenda€Mullinax€testified€that€she€went€to€see€the€Defendant€on€January€29,€1997,€to€get€herŠ ø'#& Šcholesterol€checked.€€She€testified€that€the€Defendant€tried€to€put€his€privates€on€her€legs€and€triedŠ ¤(ō#' Što€rub€her€legs€and€arms.€€Mullinax€testified€that€when€the€Defendant€checked€her€heart,€he€listenedŠ )ą$( Što€one€side€of€her€chest€while€placing€his€other€hand€on€her€breast,€pushing€her€breast€up.€€MullinaxŠ |*Ģ%) Šreported€that€the€Defendant€asked€her€about€previous€anxiety€attacks.€€She€stated€that€he€prescribedŠ h+ø&* Šdiazepam€for€her€even€though€she€did€not€need€it.€€Mullinax€testified€that€she€asked€the€DefendantššsŠ ° Šnurse€to€whom€she€could€report€the€Defendantššs€behavior.€€Mullinax€testified€that€a€couple€of€daysŠ œģ Šlater€she€discussed€the€Defendantššs€behavior€with€Patricia€Mull,€who€worked€in€the€DefendantššsŠ ˆŲ Šoffice.€€Mullinax€testified€that€she€did€not€report€the€Defendant€to€authorities€because€she€was€afraidŠ tÄ Šshe€would€not€be€believed.€€Mullinax€testified€that€after€the€Defendantššs€arrest,€she€gave€a€statementŠ `° Što€the€investigating€officers.Š L œ ŠĢą  ąKathy€Ritner€testified€that€she€was€previously€the€victim€of€a€sexual€attack€while€serving€inŠ $ t Šthe€Navy€in€California.€€She€testified€that€upon€her€return€to€Tennessee,€she€received€psychiatricŠ  ` Štherapy€for€the€sexual€assault.€€Ritner€reported€that€she€had€about€four€appointments€with€theŠ ü L  ŠDefendant.€€She€testified€that€she€was€on€anti„depressants€and€nerve€medicine.€€Ritner€testified€thatŠ č 8  Šthe€Defendant€put€his€hand€on€her€breasts€when€he€was€examining€her€heart€and€his€private€part€wasŠ Ō$  Šon€her€leg€and€she€could€tell€he€was€sexually€aroused.€€Ritner€reported€that€when€she€told€theŠ Ą  ŠDefendant€she€was€going€to€obtain€the€services€of€another€doctor,€the€Defendant€became€upset€withŠ ¬ü  Šher.€€Ritner€testified€that€she€was€scared€to€be€locked€in€an€examining€room€with€the€Defendant.€Š ˜č  ŠRitner€reported€that€the€Defendant€prescribed€Valium€and€other€drugs€for€her.€€She€also€testified€thatŠ „Ō  Šduring€the€Defendantššs€examinations€of€her,€he€put€his€hands€on€her€chest,€in€her€rectum,€and€nearŠ pĄ Šher€vagina.€€Ritner€reported€that,€in€her€opinion,€at€no€timeŌ#†¼ Y»XXW…qa#ŌŌ‡XW…X»¼ YŌ€was€there€ever€a€need€for€that€type€ofŠ \¬ Štouching.€€On€cross„examination,€Ritner€agreed€that€she€suffered€from€post„traumatic€stressŠ H˜ Šsyndrome€as€a€result€of€the€previous€sexual€assault€and€that€she€was€discharged€from€the€Navy€onŠ 4„ Šmedical€retirement.Š  p ŠĢą  ąJamie€Hunt€testified€that€she€sought€treatment€from€the€Defendant€in€August€1997€becauseŠ ųH Šshe€was€having€chest€pains€from€a€car€accident.€€Hunt€testified€that€the€Defendant€listened€to€herŠ ä4 Šchest€and€told€her€that€he€could€not€hear€so€he€asked€her€to€take€off€her€shirt€and€then€her€bra.€€HuntŠ Š  Štestified€that€the€Defendant€was€rubbing€and€lifting€her€breasts.€€Hunt€reported€that€although€theŠ ¼  ŠDefendant€gave€her€an€EKG,€he€continued€rubbing€her€breasts€and€her€thighs.€€She€also€testified€thatŠ Øų Šthe€Defendant€inserted€a€finger€into€her€vagina.€€Hunt€testified€that€she€told€her€mother„in„law€andŠ ”ä Šher€father„in„law€about€the€incident,€and€that€she€also€told€her€attorney,€Robert€Thompson.€€HuntŠ €Š Šfurther€testified€that€she€contacted€the€medical€board€about€the€incident€but€didnššt€pursue€it€furtherŠ l¼ Šuntil€she€found€out€about€the€other€cases.€€Finally,€Hunt€testified€that€she€had€received€$3,000€fromŠ X Ø Šthe€victimššs€compensation€fund.€€Š D!” ŠĢą  ąAmanda€Pritchitt€testified€that€she€was€seventeen€years€old€on€July€21,€1998,€when€she€wentŠ #l! Što€the€Defendantššs€office€to€seek€treatment€for€ringworm.€€She€testified€that€the€Defendant€put€theŠ $X" Šstethoscope€on€one€breast€and€his€hand€on€the€other.€€Pritchitt€reported€that€the€Defendant€told€herŠ ō$D # Šhow€pretty€she€was€and€that€she€could€be€a€š šPlayboy€model.šš€€She€testified€that€the€Defendant€wasŠ ą%0!$ Špressing€up€against€her€leg€with€his€penis.€€Pritchitt€testified€that€she€was€scared€and€about€to€cry.€Š Ģ&"% ŠShe€reported€that€the€Defendant€asked€her€to€pull€her€pants€down€so€he€could€see€her€ringworm,€andŠ ø'#& Šthat€she€responded€that€she€did€not€need€to€pull€the€pants€down€so€that€he€could€see€the€ringwormŠ ¤(ō#' Šbecause€it€was€right€under€her€belly€button.€€Pritchitt€testified€that€the€Defendant€put€his€fingersŠ )ą$( Šbetween€her€š švagina€lipsšš€and€was€š šrubbing€her€really€rough€there.šš€€Pritchitt€testified€that€she€toldŠ |*Ģ%) Šthe€Defendant€there€was€no€ringworm€down€there,€and€that€the€Defendant€responded€by€telling€herŠ h+ø&* Šin€a€disgusted€voice€to€pull€her€pants€up.€€Pritchitt€testified€that€the€Defendant€wrote€her€aŠ ° Šprescription€for€ringworm€medication,€and€she€walked€out.€€Pritchitt€stated€that€she€went€straight€toŠ œģ Šher€motherššs€place€of€employment€and€told€her€what€had€happened.Š ˆŲ ŠĢą  ąPritchitt€testified€that€she€talked€to€Detective€Matthews€about€three€days€after€the€incident,Š `° Šand€he€asked€her€to€return€to€the€Defendantššs€office€with€a€camcorder€in€her€purse.€€Pritchitt€testifiedŠ L œ Šthat€a€TBI€agent€named€Patrice€would€accompany€her€to€the€Defendantššs€office.€€Matthews€informedŠ 8 ˆ ŠPritchitt€to€tell€the€Defendant€that€Patrice€had€just€broken€up€with€her€boyfriend€and€was€havingŠ $ t Šdifficulty€sleeping€and€eating.€€Pritchitt€testified€that€later€she€was€supposed€to€tell€the€Defendant€thatŠ  ` ŠPatrice€was€a€party€girl€and€to€ask€the€Defendant€for€a€prescription€for€Patrice€on€PritchittššsŠ ü L  Šinsurance.€€Pritchitt€testified€that€she€attended€about€four€meetings€with€law€enforcement€about€thisŠ č 8  Šplan.€€Pritchitt€testified€that€the€false€name€to€be€used€by€the€TBI€agent€was€Teresa€Price.€€PritchittŠ Ō$  Šreported€that€she€went€back€to€the€Defendantššs€office€and€videotaped€that€visit.€€The€videotape€wasŠ Ą  Šviewed€by€the€jury.Š ¬ü  ŠĢą  ąPatrice€Schermerhorn€testified€that€she€is€a€Special€Agent€with€the€TBI.€€Agent€SchermerhornŠ „Ō  Štestified€that€she€posed€as€a€patient€of€the€Defendantššs€and€a€friend€of€Pritchittššs.€€The€agent€testifiedŠ pĄ Šthat€she€accompanied€Pritchitt€on€a€visit€to€the€Defendantššs€office€and€stayed€in€the€waiting€room.€Š \¬ ŠThe€agent€testified€that€posing€as€Teresa€Price,€she€made€an€appointment€with€the€Defendantššs€officeŠ H˜ Šand€prior€to€the€appointment,€she€was€supplied€with€a€camcorder€for€her€purse€and€an€audioŠ 4„ Štransmitter.€€The€Defendantššs€examination€of€Agent€Schermerhorn€was€videotaped€with€theŠ  p Šcamcorder€and€viewed€by€the€jury.€€Agent€Schermerhorn€testified€that€she€stated€to€the€Defendant,Š  \ Šš šI€hear€you€might€want€to€go€out€with€Mandy€and€I€one€time.šš€€The€agent€reported€that€the€DefendantŠ ųH Šresponded€that€he€did.€€The€videotape€indicated€that€the€Defendant€tried€to€hug€and€kiss€the€agent€andŠ ä4 Šthat€she€pushed€him€away.€€The€video€indicated€that€the€Defendant€began€moving€back€and€forthŠ Š  Šagainst€the€agentššs€leg.€€The€agent€reported€that€the€Defendant€said,€š šWell,€do€you€think€we€couldŠ ¼  Šgo€to€a€hotel€room?šš€€Agent€Schermerhorn€stated€that€she€replied,€š šYeah,€we€could€probably€workŠ Øų Šsomething€out.šš€€Agent€Schermerhorn€testified€that€the€Defendant€then€said,€š šWell,€you€know€thatŠ ”ä Šweššve€got€to€go€a€little€bit€away€from€Athens.šš€€The€agent€reported€that€the€Defendant€said,€š šDo€youŠ €Š Šthink€that€you€and€me€and€Mandy€could€spend€six€or€seven€hours€in€a€hotel€room?šš€€AgentŠ l¼ ŠSchermerhorn€testified€that€she€told€the€Defendant€that€probably€something€could€be€worked€out.€€Š X Ø ŠĢą  ąAgent€Schermerhorn€testified€that€the€Defendant€tried€to€kiss€her€and€that€she€pushed€himŠ 0"€  Šoff.€€The€Defendant€hugged€her€and€kissed€her€on€the€side€of€the€neck€and€€š špretty€much€through€theŠ #l! Šduration€of€the€visitšš€pressed€his€groin€up€against€her€right€knee€shin€area€and€started€moving€backŠ $X" Šand€forth.€€She€testified€that€the€Defendant€became€erect€and€continued€to€š šdo€this€pretty€muchŠ ō$D # Šthroughoutšš€the€visit.€€The€agent€testified€that€the€Defendant€asked€her€if€she€liked€sex€toys€and€sheŠ ą%0!$ Šresponded,€š šWell,€I€donššt€really€know.šš€€She€testified€that€the€Defendant€said€he€liked€sex,€š škinkyŠ Ģ&"% Šsex,€the€kinkier€the€better.šš€Š ø'#& ŠĢą  ąThe€agent€testified€that€she€gave€the€Defendant€her€pager€number€in€response€to€his€questionŠ )ą$( Šabout€how€he€could€get€in€touch€with€her.€€Agent€Schermerhorn€reported€that€on€two€occasions,€theŠ |*Ģ%) ŠDefendant€stated€that€he€had€his€favorite€sex€toy€with€him,€at€which€point€he€š šopened€up€his€mouth,Š h+ø&* Šstuck€out€his€tongue€and€began€to€flick€it€at€me.€€He€did€this€twice.šš€€The€agent€testified€that€althoughŠ ° Šshe€told€the€Defendant€the€purpose€of€her€visit€was€for€š šsinus,šš€that€the€Defendant€wrote€a€secondŠ œģ ŠValium€prescription€for€her.Š ˆŲ ŠĢą  ąDetective€Bill€Matthews€testified€again€at€trial€and€offered€similar€testimony€to€that€he€gaveŠ `° Šat€the€pre„trial€hearing.€€In€addition€to€that€testimony,€Detective€Matthews€testified€that€AmandaŠ L œ ŠPritchitt€and€her€husband€came€to€him€in€July€1998€regarding€allegations€against€the€Defendant.€Š 8 ˆ ŠDetective€Matthews€testified€that€he€contacted€the€TBI€because€the€TBI€would€have€the€equipmentŠ $ t Šnecessary€to€investigate€the€allegations.€€Detective€Matthews€testified€about€his€participation€in€theŠ  ` ŠDefendantššs€arrest.€€He€testified€that€Agent€Jordan€read€the€Defendant€ņņMirandaóó€warnings.€€DetectiveŠ ü L  ŠMatthews€reported€that€the€Defendant€stated€that€he€had€probably€touched€female€patients€before,Š č 8  Šthat€he€had€š šhunched€on€female€patientsšš€legs€before,šš€but€that€he€did€not€have€a€problemš!šhe€wouldŠ Ō$  Šjust€get€carried€away€at€times.€€According€to€Detective€Matthews,€the€Defendant€admitted€that€he€hadŠ Ą  Šconsensual€sex€with€patients€in€his€office,€had€exposed€his€penis€to€patients€and€had€erections€withŠ ¬ü  Špatients€while€touching€their€breasts€and€genitalia.€€Detective€Matthews€testified€that€the€DefendantŠ ˜č  Šsaid€that€he€never€did€anything€with€male€patients€and€that€he€never€over„prescribed€medicines.€Š „Ō  ŠAccording€to€Detective€Matthews,€the€Defendant€said€that€he€and€his€wife€had€problems€€in€the€pastŠ pĄ Šand€it€was€those€problems€that€made€the€Defendant€get€carried€away€at€times€with€some€of€his€femaleŠ \¬ Špatients.Š H˜ ŠĢą  ąDetective€Matthews€testified€that€Attorney€Smith€came€into€the€interview€room€and€askedŠ  p Šthe€Defendant€what€was€š šgoing€on.šš€€The€detective€testified€that€the€Defendant€said€he€š šjust€wantedŠ  \ Što€get€it€over€withšš€and€that,€thereafter,€Agent€Jordan€talked€to€Attorney€Smith€outside€of€theŠ ųH Šinterview€room.€€Detective€Matthews€testified€that€Attorney€Smith€and€Agent€Jordan€came€back€intoŠ ä4 Šthe€interview€room€and€sat€down.€€Detective€Matthews€testified€that€a€short€time€later€Agent€JordanŠ Š  Šasked€the€Defendant€how€to€spell€genitalia,€and€Attorney€Smith€told€the€Defendant€not€to€sayŠ ¼  Šanything€more.€€According€to€Detective€Matthews,€the€interview€with€the€Defendant€lasted€thirty„Š Øų Šfour€minutes,€with€a€number€of€interruptions.Š ”ä ŠĢą  ąAgent€Jordan€testified€and€offered€testimony€that€was€similar€to€his€testimony€at€the€pre„trialŠ l¼ Šhearing.€€In€addition€to€that€testimony,€Agent€Jordan€testified€that€he€and€Detective€MatthewsŠ X Ø Šinitiated€an€interview€with€the€Defendant€and€that,€prior€to€the€interview,€he€had€told€the€DefendantŠ D!” Što€be€quiet€and€that€š šwe€would€talk€to€him€later.šš€€The€agent€testified€that€he€participated€inŠ 0"€  Šadministering€the€ņņMirandaóó€rights€waiver€to€the€Defendant€and€that€he€went€over€š ševery€one€of€themššŠ #l! Šand€had€the€Defendant€initial€each€one€of€them.€€Agent€Jordan€testified€that€the€Defendant€signed€theŠ $X" ŠņņMirandaóó€rights€waiver€and€indicated€that€Detective€Matthews€signed€as€a€witness.€€Agent€JordanŠ ō$D # Štestified€that€at€no€time€did€the€Defendant€indicate€any€sort€of€confusion€about€what€was€being€saidŠ ą%0!$ Što€him€or€that€he€did€not€understand€any€of€his€rights.€€Agent€Jordan€testified€that€the€Defendant€wasŠ Ģ&"% Šš švery€passivešš€and€seemed€to€be€looking€at€Detective€Matthews.€€Š ø'#& ŠĢą  ąAccording€to€the€agent,€at€some€point€during€the€interview€Detective€Matthews€told€the€agentŠ )ą$( Šthat€the€Defendant€would€like€for€the€agent€to€step€out€so€that€he€could€speak€to€Detective€MatthewsŠ |*Ģ%) Šalone.€€Agent€Jordan€testified€that€he€agreed€and€exited€the€room.€€According€to€Agent€Jordan,€heŠ h+ø&* Šlater€walked€back€into€the€interview€room,€and€sat€back€down€next€to€the€Defendant.€€DetectiveŠ ° ŠMatthews€then€told€him€that€the€Defendant€wanted€to€talk€to€him€and€to€tell€him€the€truth.€€AgentŠ œģ ŠJordan€testified€that€he€asked€the€Defendant€general€questions€about€the€matters€contained€in€theŠ ˆŲ Šindictment€and€the€Defendant€acknowledged€some€of€the€allegations€in€the€indictment€and€deniedŠ tÄ Šothers.€€The€agent€testified€that€he€did€not€make€notes€initially,€but€later€on€that€evening€he€startedŠ `° Šš šwriting€out€and€documenting€the€answers€to€that€outline€of€questions€that€I€had€asked€him.šš€€Š L œ ŠĢą  ąAgent€Jordan€testified€that€the€Defendant€admitted€inappropriate€contact€with€female€patientsŠ $ t Šand€consensual€sex€with€patients.€€The€agent€reported€that€the€Defendant€vehemently€denied€sexualŠ  ` Šcontact€with€male€patients.€€According€to€Agent€Jordan,€the€Defendant€admitted€that€he€had€hadŠ ü L  Šsome€sexual€contact€with€female€patients€that€was€š šnon„consensual€or€unwanted€or€unsolicited€orŠ č 8  Šsomething€along€those€lines,šš€but€denied€š šhaving€a€problem.šš€€The€agent€testified€that€the€DefendantŠ Ō$  Šstated€that€the€acts€started€about€three€years€ago€as€a€result€of€some€problems€that€the€Defendant€wasŠ Ą  Šhaving€with€his€wife.€€Agent€Jordan€testified€that€the€Defendant€admitted€to€having€š šhunchedššŠ ¬ü  Šfemale€patients€in€his€office€and€admitted€to€touching€breasts€and€genitalia€of€female€patients.€€Š ˜č  ŠĢą  ąAgent€Jordan€testified€that€he€began€the€process€of€taking€a€sworn€statement€from€theŠ pĄ ŠDefendant.€€The€statement€read€as€follows:Š \¬ ŠĢą8  ąAbout€three€years€ago€my€wife€and€I€began€having€problems.€€After€that€I€beganŠ 4„ Šhaving€intimate€contact€with€female€patients.€€Although€some€of€the€contact€wasŠ  p Šmutual,€some€of€the€advances€were€unwanted,€unsolicited,€and€not€consensual.€€TheŠ  \ Šcontact€I€have€had€with€patients€consist€of€touching€breasts€and€genitalia.€ņ ņŠųHŠ Š  ŠĢó óHe€reported€that€the€sworn€statement€was€interrupted€by€the€appearance€of€Attorney€Smith.€€AgentŠ Š  ŠJordan€testified€that€he€explained€to€Attorney€Smith€that€he€would€need€to€step€back€outside.€€TheŠ ¼  Šagent€and€Detective€Matthews€asked€the€Defendant,€š šDo€you€want€him€in€here,€you€know,€what€doŠ Øų Šyou€want€to€do?šš€€The€agent€recalled€that€the€Defendant€said,€š šI€donššt€want€him€in€here,€I€just€wantŠ ”ä Što€get€this€over€with.šš€€The€agent€testified€that€the€attorney€asked€the€agent€if€he€would€mind€if€theŠ €Š Šattorney€sat€in€on€the€interview.€€The€agent€testified€that€he€agreed€out€of€š šfairness,šš€but€told€theŠ l¼ Šattorney€to€š škeep€[his]€mouth€shut.šš€€Š X Ø ŠĢą  ąAgent€Jordan€testified€that€he€attempted€to€continue€taking€the€Defendantššs€statement,€butŠ 0"€  Šthat€when€he€asked€the€Defendant€how€to€spell€š šgenitalia,šš€a€woman€opened€the€door€to€the€interviewŠ #l! Šroom.€€The€agent€testified€that€after€he€escorted€the€woman€out€of€the€room,€the€Defendant€turnedŠ $X" Što€the€attorney€and€said,€š šWhat€should€I€do?€€What€should€I€do?šš€€The€attorney€responded,€š šDonšštŠ ō$D # Šsay€another€word,ššand€the€interview€was€terminated.€€Thereafter,€Agent€Jordan€testified€that€theŠ ą%0!$ ŠDefendant€requested€to€call€his€wife,€and€the€agent€told€the€Defendant€that€he€would€let€theŠ Ģ&"% ŠDefendant€call€his€wife€later.€€The€Defendant€did€not€make€any€phone€calls€while€he€was€in€theŠ ø'#& Šagentššs€presence.Š ¤(ō#' ŠĢą  ąAt€the€conclusion€of€the€Stateššs€evidence,€the€trial€court€dismissed€two€charges€of€illegallyŠ |*Ģ%) Šdistributing€Schedule€IV€controlled€substances€pursuant€to€the€Defendantššs€motion€pursuant€to€RuleŠ h+ø&* Š29€of€the€Tennessee€Rules€of€Criminal€Procedure.€€Thereafter,€the€Defendant€presented€his€defense.€Š ° ŠThe€Defendantššs€first€witness€was€Dr.€Michael€Hood,€a€medical€doctor€certified€in€family€medicineŠ œģ Šfrom€Newport,€Tennessee,€whose€testimony€pertained€to€the€standard€of€care€required€of€maleŠ ˆŲ Šmedical€doctors€during€the€examination€of€a€female€patient.€€Dr.€Hood€stated€that€the€presence€of€aŠ tÄ Šnurse€is€š špretty€much€accepted€as€being€necessary€during€a€pelvic€examination.šš€€Dr.€Hood€statedŠ `° Šthat€about€eighty€percent€of€the€time,€he€will€not€have€a€nurse€present€during€breast€exams€in€his€ownŠ L œ Špractice,€and€explained€the€considerations€as€to€why€a€nurse€is€or€is€not€present€€when€a€male€doctorŠ 8 ˆ Šexamines€a€female€patient.€€Dr.€Hood€testified€that€when€he€examines€a€patient€he€often€uses€a€rollingŠ $ t Šstool€in€the€exam€room€and€that,€on€occasion,€his€š šprivate€area€[came]€in€contact€with€a€patientššsŠ  ` Šleg.šš€€Dr.€Hood€explained€the€various€areas€of€the€human€body€that€would€be€necessary€to€listen€toŠ ü L  Šin€order€to€do€an€examination€of€the€heart€and€lungs.€€Dr.€Hood€noted€that€a€patientššs€clothing€couldŠ č 8  Šhave€an€adverse€effect€on€a€physicianššs€ability€to€hear€a€patientššs€heart€and€lungs€during€anŠ Ō$  Šexamination.€€Dr.€Hood€testified€that€when€examining€a€female€patientššs€heart€and€lungs,€his€handsŠ Ą  Šwould€sometimes€be€in€contact€with€the€patientššs€breasts.€€Š ¬ü  ŠĢą  ąDr.€Hood€testified€as€to€the€location€of€the€coccyx€and€that€the€rectum€is€immediately€belowŠ „Ō  Šthe€coccyx.€€Dr.€Hood€explained€that€š špalpitationšš€means€to€touch€a€patient,€š što€press€on€a€patientŠ pĄ Što€try€to€figure,€you€know,€the€anatomical€position€of€things.šš€€He€testified€that€if€a€patient€isŠ \¬ Šcomplaining€of€lower€back€pain,€it€can€be€necessary€to€palpate€the€lower€back€area,€including€the€areaŠ H˜ Šnear€the€coccyx.€€Dr.€Hood€examined€the€medical€records€of€certain€victims€and€opined€that€theŠ 4„ Šrecord€pertaining€to€Kathy€Ritner€would€indicate€a€need€to€palpate€her€lower€back€area.€€Dr.€HoodŠ  p Šoffered€a€similar€opinion€with€regard€to€Melissa€Martin.€€Dr.€Hood€reviewed€the€EKG€of€Jamie€HuntŠ  \ Šand€opined€that€the€EKG€was€not€consistent€with€an€EKG€that€would€be€expected€for€someone€whoŠ ųH Šwas€sexually€assaulted€and€raped€while€the€EKG€was€being€performed.Š ä4 ŠĢą  ąOn€cross„examination,€Dr.€Hood€acknowledged€that€several€of€the€acts€alleged€by€the€victimsŠ ¼  Šagainst€the€Defendant€are€not€normally€performed€during€the€course€of€diagnosis€and€treatment€forŠ Øų Šthe€medical€needs€for€which€victims€sought€medical€treatment€from€the€Defendant.Š ”ä ŠĢą  ąThe€Defendant,€Stephen€C.€Denton,€testified€that€he€is€a€medical€doctor€and€that€followingŠ l¼ Šmedical€school€he€was€on€active€duty€in€the€United€States€Air€Force.€€In€1981,€the€Defendant€becameŠ X Ø Šemployed€by€Athens€Regional€Hospital.€€The€Defendant€testified€that€he€opened€his€private€medicalŠ D!” Šoffice€in€Athens,€Tennessee,€in€about€1987,€and€practiced€medicine€there€until€1998,€when€he€wasŠ 0"€  Šš šthrown€out.šš€€The€Defendant€testified€that€by€1998€he€had€over€five€thousand€active€patient€filesŠ #l! Šand€would€see€sixty€or€more€patients€a€day.€€The€Defendant€described€his€medical€practice€as€aŠ $X" Šfamily€practice€with€numerous€Tenn€Care€and€Medicare€patients.€€The€Defendant€testified€that€heŠ ō$D # Šnever€touched€any€of€the€victims€for€the€purpose€of€sexual€gratification€and€that€he€neverŠ ą%0!$ Šintentionally€put€his€genitalia€against€any€part€of€a€patientššs€body.€€As€to€the€victims,€the€DefendantŠ Ģ&"% Štestified:€š šI€wouldnššt€call€any€of€them€liars.€€I€would€say€that€perhaps€in€their€mind€they€perceivedŠ ø'#& Šit€that€way,€but€thatššs€not€what€was€being€done.šš€€The€Defendant€maintained€that€he€had€to€touchŠ ¤(ō#' ŠCarolyn€Grantššs€breasts€to€listen€to€her€heart€and€that€Grant€was€wrong€if€she€interpreted€the€touchingŠ )ą$( Šas€sexual.€€The€Defendant€denied€inserting€his€finger€in€Sandra€Harleyššs€vagina€or€in€any€wayŠ |*Ģ%) Štouching€Sandra€Harley€for€sexual€gratification.€€The€Defendant€opined€that€Sandra€HarleyŠ h+ø&* Šš šmisinterpreted€it€or€had€some€misconception€of€what€was€done,šš€but€stated,€š šI€donššt€have€anŠ ° Šexplanation.šš€€Š œģ ŠĢą  ąThe€Defendant€denied€touching€Brenda€Mullinax€for€sexual€gratification.€€He€examined€theŠ tÄ Šmedical€records€of€Jamie€Nell€Hunt€and€testified€that€her€EKG€indicated€a€heart€beat€range€of€sixty„Š `° Šthree€to€seventy€and€that€extreme€stress€would€cause€an€expectation€of€a€heart€rate€of€š šwell€over€aŠ L œ Šhundred.šš€€The€Defendant€examined€the€medical€records€of€Kathy€Ritner€and€explained€that€heŠ 8 ˆ Šwould€have€had€to€palpate€into€the€sacral€or€coccyx€level€in€her€case,€but€he€did€not€do€so€for€sexualŠ $ t Šgratification.€€The€Defendant€examined€the€medical€records€of€Sharon€Roberts€and€explained,€š šIf€IŠ  ` Šlistened€to€her€heart€I€had€to€touch€her€breasts.šš€€Again,€the€Defendant€denied€touching€SharonŠ ü L  ŠRobertsšš€breasts€for€sexual€gratification,€and€he€opined€that€Sharon€Roberts€was€not€lying€but€mayŠ č 8  Šhave€believed€the€touching€was€for€sexual€gratification€but€š šthatššs€not€what€occurred.šš€€TheŠ Ō$  ŠDefendant€testified€that€he€treated€Melissa€Martin€for€a€back€injury€received€in€an€automobileŠ Ą  Šaccident,€and€that€he€needed€to€feel€down€between€her€buttocks€at€a€relatively€low€level.€€He€deniedŠ ¬ü  Štouching€Melissa€Martin€for€sexual€gratification€or€for€sexual€purposes.Š ˜č  ŠĢą  ąThe€Defendant€testified€concerning€his€treatment€of€Amanda€Pritchitt,€explaining€that€he€hadŠ pĄ Šcared€for€her€while€she€was€growing€up€and€had€treated€her€grandmother€for€a€heart€attack.€€HeŠ \¬ Šdenied€touching€Amanda€Pritchitt€for€purposes€of€sexual€gratification€or€arousal.€€The€DefendantŠ H˜ Šexplained€that€his€examinations€of€the€heart€are€sometimes€extensive€because€of€his€training€inŠ 4„ Šcardiac€surgery,€thoracic€surgery€and€cardiology,€which€caused€the€Defendant€to€š štake€much€moreŠ  p Šinterest€in€listening€to€[her]€heart€than€anyone€else€in€town€might.šš€€Š  \ ŠĢą  ąThe€Defendant€testified€as€to€his€recollection€of€the€office€visit€of€Teresa€Price.€€He€recalledŠ ä4 ŠAmanda€Pritchitt€telling€him€about€her€friend,€Teresa€Price.€€Specifically,€the€Defendant€testified€thatŠ Š  ŠPritchitt€related€a€story€that€she€had€a€friend€who€was€distraught€over€a€breakup€of€a€relationship.€Š ¼  ŠAccording€to€the€Defendant,€Pritchett€stated€that€the€friend€kept€š šcoming€over€to€their€house€all€theŠ Øų Štime,€even€at€night€waking€them€up,€to€discuss€or€talk€about€these€things.šš€€The€Defendant€testifiedŠ ”ä Šthat€Price€š šreally€threw€me€for€a€loopšš€by€stating€that€she€was€there€to€š šchat.šš€€The€DefendantŠ €Š Šrecalled€seeing€the€videotape€of€his€encounter€with€Price.€€He€acknowledged€that€he€was€embarrassedŠ l¼ Šabout€his€behavior,€but€he€offered€no€excuse.€€He€apologized€to€his€wife€and€daughter.€Š X Ø ŠĢą  ąThe€Defendant€testified€concerning€the€incidents€on€the€day€that€he€was€arrested€pursuant€toŠ 0"€  Šthe€indictments€in€this€case.€€The€Defendant€testified€that€Detective€Matthews€and€Agent€JordanŠ #l! Šš šbusted€in€the€office€and€one€of€them€grabbed€one€arm€and€the€other€one€grabbed€the€other€arm,€andŠ $X" Šthere€was€some€other€officer€behind€them,€and€they€just€literally€picked€me€up€and€carried€me€intoŠ ō$D # Šthe€lab€area.šš€€The€Defendant€testified€that,€during€his€interview€with€Agent€Jordan€and€DetectiveŠ ą%0!$ ŠMatthews€at€the€justice€center,€he€denied€that€he€touched€any€female€genitalia€for€sexual€gratification.€Š Ģ&"% ŠThe€Defendant€testified€that€he€had€not€been€able€to€practice€medicine€since€his€arrest€in€August€ofŠ ø'#& Š1998,€and€that€it€was€unlikely€he€would€ever€practice€medicine€again.€€The€Defendant€testified€thatŠ ¤(ō#' Šthis€case€destroyed€him,€his€past,€his€present,€his€future,€his€marriage,€and€his€family.Š )ą$( Šā āŠ |*Ģ%) Šą  ąOn€cross„examination,€the€Defendant€admitted€that€he€was€administratively€discharged€fromŠ ° Šā āthe€Air€Force€in€connection€with€his€wrongfully€prescribing€drugs,€as€evidenced€by€anŠ œģ Šš šacknowledgment€of€rightsšš€form€that€he€allegedly€signed€prior€to€his€discharge.€€He€stated€that€heŠ ˆŲ Štold€Agent€Jordan€in€his€sworn€statement€that€he€previously€had€some€marital€problems€with€hisŠ tÄ Šwife,€but€he€denied€saying€that€it€was€after€the€marital€problems€that€he€began€having€intimateŠ `° Šcontact€with€female€patients.€€The€Defendant€denied€that€problems€in€his€marriage€caused€him€to€turnŠ L œ Što€patients€for€sexual€gratification.€€The€Defendant€denied€any€inappropriate€contact€with€anyŠ 8 ˆ Špatients.€€The€Defendant€admitted€that€he€wrote€a€prescription€for€š šTeresa€Pricešš€without€seeing€her.€Š $ t Š€The€Defendant€also€admitted€that€he€had€executed€a€rights€waiver€in€June€of€1996,€when€he€was€aŠ  ` Šcomplainant€in€an€extortion€case.€€The€Defendant€testified€that€he€did€not€remember€being€advisedŠ ü L  Šof€his€constitutional€rights€in€conjunction€with€his€role€in€the€1996€incident.€Š č 8  ŠĢą  ąThe€Defendant€denied€telling€the€law€enforcement€officers€investigating€this€case€that€he€hadŠ Ą  Štouched€patientsšš€private€areas€for€sexual€gratification;€that€he€had€š šhunchedšš€patientsšš€legs€beforeŠ ¬ü  Šand€gotten€an€erection;€that€he€had€exposed€his€penis€to€patients€before;€that€he€had€intimate€contactŠ ˜č  Šwith€patients€about€three€years€ago€while€having€problems€with€his€wife;€that€he€had€made€advancesŠ „Ō  Šthat€were€unwanted,€unsolicited,€and€non„consensual;€and€that€he€had€contact€with€patients€consistingŠ pĄ Šof€touching€breasts€and€genitalia.€€The€Defendant€denied€making€any€of€the€statements€contained€inŠ \¬ Šthe€written€sworn€statement€taken€by€Agent€Jordan.Š H˜ ŠĢą  ąKaren€Franklin€testified€that€she€lives€in€Sweetwater€and€is€a€nurse€employed€by€AthensŠ  p ŠMedical€Group.€€She€testified€that€she€was€employed€by€the€Defendant€from€August€1995€untilŠ  \ ŠMarch€1998,€and€that€for€most€of€that€period€of€time€she€was€the€Defendantššs€only€nurse.€€SheŠ ųH Štestified€as€to€the€procedures€for€seeing€patients,€who€numbered€fifty€to€sixty€a€day.€€Franklin€wasŠ ä4 Šshown€the€medical€records€of€several€of€the€patients€who€were€victims€in€this€case€and€testified€thatŠ Š  Šthe€notes€that€she€and€the€Defendant€made€in€the€records€were€made€at€the€time€of,€or€immediatelyŠ ¼  Šafter,€the€patientsšš€exams.€€She€examined€Jamie€Huntššs€EKG€and€opined€that€Hunt€was€relaxed€whenŠ Øų Šshe€got€her€EKG.€€Finally,€Franklin€testified€that€the€Defendant€was€very€thorough€when€he€checkedŠ ”ä Ša€patient€and€that€he€found€a€lot€of€heart€murmurs€and€heart€problems€that€were€referred€to€aŠ €Š Šcardiology€group€in€Knoxville.€€On€cross„examination,€Franklin€recalled€that€Brenda€MullinaxŠ l¼ Šcomplained€to€her€that€the€Defendant€touched€her€breasts€and€that€Mullinax€would€not€be€back€toŠ X Ø Šsee€the€Defendant.€€Franklin€reported€that€she€told€the€office€manager€about€Mullinaxššs€complaints.Š D!” ŠĢą  ąStephanie€Denton,€the€Defendantššs€daughter,€testified€that€she€lives€in€Athens,€Tennessee,Š #l! Šand€that€she€is€a€first€year€student€at€Harvard€Law€School€in€Cambridge,€Massachusetts.€€She€statedŠ $X" Šthat€she€was€thirteen€years€old€when€her€mother,€Linda€Denton,€and€the€Defendant€divorced.€Š ō$D # ŠStephanie€Denton€testified€that€during€the€summer€after€her€freshman€year€in€college,€she€workedŠ ą%0!$ Šwith€the€Defendant€in€his€office.€€She€described€the€Defendant€as€š ša€very€affectionate€person.€€HeššsŠ Ģ&"% Ša€very€kind€and€compassionate€person,€and€weššve€always€hugged€each€other€and€I€have€observed€himŠ ø'#& Šput€his€arm€around€people,€guys,€girls,€women,€men.šš€€Stephanie€Denton€also€stated€that€theŠ ¤(ō#' ŠDefendant€is€š ša€very€touchy€person.šš€€She€recalled€that€on€the€evening€news€on€the€date€that€herŠ )ą$( Šā āfather€was€arrested,€she€saw€the€Athens€Police€Chief€on€television€stating€that€if€any€women€had€everŠ |*Ģ%) Šbeen€treated€inappropriately€or€ever€had€any€complaints€of€any€sort€against€her€father€that€they€shouldŠ ° Šcontact€the€authorities.Š œģ Šā āĢą  ąMarilyn€Gay€Lankford€testified€that€she€currently€works€as€a€case€manager€specialist€for€theŠ tÄ ŠDepartment€of€Human€Services€(DHS)€in€Cleveland,€Tennessee.€€She€testified€that€she€was€formerlyŠ `° Ša€nurse€and€that€she€worked€for€the€Defendant€from€December€1997€until€August€1998.€€She€statedŠ L œ Šthat€she€was€trained€in€office€procedure€by€Karen€Franklin.€€Lankford€maintained€that€the€DefendantŠ 8 ˆ Šwas€a€good€heart€doctor.€€She€testified€that€on€the€day€that€Teresa€Price€was€the€Defendantššs€patient,Š $ t Šthe€Defendant€was€in€a€hurry€because€he€had€patients€in€the€hospital€that€he€was€going€to€go€see€atŠ  ` Šlunch.€€On€cross„examination,€Lankford€confirmed€that€Teresa€Price€complained€of€sinuses€whenŠ ü L  Šshe€came€into€the€office€and€that€the€Defendant€had€written€š šinsomniašš€on€Priceššs€records.Š č 8  ŠĢą  ąThe€Defendant€then€presented€four€character€witnesses.€€The€first€character€witness€wasŠ Ą  ŠKenneth€Wayne€Wilson,€who€testified€that€he€is€a€retired€auto€mechanics€instructor€who€had€workedŠ ¬ü  Šfor€thirty„one€years€at€Central€High€School€of€McMinn€County.€€Wilson€testified€that€he€knew€theŠ ˜č  ŠDefendantššs€reputation€in€the€community€for€truthfulness€and€veracity€and€that€the€DefendantššsŠ „Ō  Šreputation€is€good.€€The€next€character€witness,€Barbara€Jo€Smith,€testified€that€she€lives€inŠ pĄ ŠMadisonville,€Tennessee,€and€that€her€husband€is€Attorney€Smith.€€She€stated€that€she€had€knownŠ \¬ Šthe€Defendant€for€approximately€twelve€years€and€that€the€Defendant€had€treated€four€generationsŠ H˜ Šof€her€family.€€Further,€she€testified€that€she€met€the€Defendantššs€wife€about€four€years€ago€and€theyŠ 4„ Šbecame€friends.€€Smith€maintained€that€the€Defendantššs€reputation€in€the€community€for€truthfulnessŠ  p Šand€veracity€is€very€good.€€Harolddean€Thompson,€another€character€witness,€testified€that€she€livesŠ  \ Šin€Etowah,€Tennessee,€and€that€she€has€known€the€Defendant€since€1982.€€She€reported€that€theŠ ųH ŠDefendantššs€reputation€in€the€community€for€truthfulness€and€veracity€is€very€good.€€The€lastŠ ä4 Šcharacter€witness,€Melvin€Ray€Haney,€testified€that€he€is€a€retired€Athens€Fire€Department€employeeŠ Š  Šand€that€he€is€a€businessman,€running€a€flower€store€and€a€furniture€store.€€Haney€stated€that€theŠ ¼  ŠDefendantššs€office€was€right€across€the€street€from€his€store,€and€that€he€and€the€Defendant€oftenŠ Øų Štalked.€€Haney€testified€that€the€Defendantššs€general€reputation€in€the€community€for€truthfulness€andŠ ”ä Šveracity€is€good.Š €Š ŠĢą  ąLinda€Louise€Denton€testified€that€she€lives€in€Athens,€Tennessee,€and€is€employed€as€a€homeŠ X Ø Šhealth€nurse.€€She€testified€that€she€is€the€former€wife€of€the€Defendant,€that€she€met€the€DefendantŠ D!” Šin€1972,€and€that€she€married€him€in€1973.€€The€marriage€lasted€eighteen€years,€and€she€and€theŠ 0"€  ŠDefendant€are€the€parents€of€Stephanie€Maria€Denton.€€Denton€testified€that€she€had€workedŠ #l! Šoccasionally€in€her€former€husbandššs€medical€office.€€She€further€testified€that€the€DefendantššsŠ $X" Šgeneral€reputation€in€the€community€for€truthfulness€and€veracity€is€very€good.€€On€cross„Š ō$D # Šexamination,€Denton€testified€that€she€was€aware€that€the€Defendant€voluntarily€resigned€from€theŠ ą%0!$ Šmilitary€in€lieu€of€court€martial€because€he€abused€his€prescription€writing€authority.€€Š Ģ&"% ŠĢą  ąThe€State€called€as€a€rebuttal€witness€Dr.€David€Byrd,€who€testified€that€he€is€a€licensedŠ ¤(ō#' Šmedical€doctor€with€a€family€practice€in€Athens,€Tennessee.€€Doctor€Byrd€testified€that€he€was€in€theŠ )ą$( ŠAthens€Community€Hospital€Emergency€Room€on€November€4,€1992,€and€he€treated€Sandra€Harley.€Š |*Ģ%) ŠAccording€to€Dr.€Byrd,€Harley€claimed€that€she€had€been€treated€at€the€Defendantššs€office€and€thatŠ h+ø&* Šthe€Defendant€had€inserted€several€fingers€into€her€vagina,€rubbed€her€clitoris,€and€inserted€tissueŠ ° Šinto€her€vagina.€€Dr.€Byrd€testified€that€he€performed€a€pelvic€exam€on€Harley€which€did€not€indicateŠ œģ Šthe€presence€of€vaginitis€or€vulvitis.€€Dr.€Byrd€also€found€no€evidence€of€pubic€lice.€€On€cross„Š ˆŲ Šexamination,€Dr.€Byrd€admitted€that€he€had€no€independent€recollection€of€the€details€of€the€matter,Š tÄ Šand€was€relying€on€the€medical€record€for€his€testimony.€€Š `° ŠĢą  ąņ ņą@Ŗ Ŗ ģąC.€€Evidence€Presented€at€the€Sentencing€HearingˆŠ 8 ˆ ŠĢą  ąó óWhen€sentencing€the€Defendant,€the€trial€court€considered:€the€presentence€report€preparedŠ  ` Šby€the€Department€of€Correction,€which€included€victim€impact€statements;€the€DefendantššsŠ ü L  Šsentencing€memo;€the€Defendantššs€objections€to€the€presentence€report;€the€Defendantššs€militaryŠ č 8  Šrecord;€a€report€by€Dr.€Lyons,€who€examined€the€Defendant€prior€to€sentencing;€a€report€fromŠ Ō$  ŠPhysicians€Services,€regarding€a€sexual€harassment€complaint€against€the€Defendant€in€1994;€andŠ Ą  Štestimony€offered€at€the€sentencing€hearing.€€At€the€sentencing€hearing,€the€only€testimony€offeredŠ ¬ü  Šcame€from€Special€Agent€Mike€Finley€of€the€Tennessee€Bureau€of€Investigation.€€Agent€FinleyŠ ˜č  Štestified€regarding€an€incident€in€1996€in€which€the€Defendant€contacted€the€authorities€about€anŠ „Ō  Šextortion€attempt€against€him€by€one€of€his€patients.€€The€extortion€attempt€involved€an€audiotapeŠ pĄ Šof€a€telephone€conversation€between€the€Defendant€and€Angela€Wilson.€€Allegedly€the€telephoneŠ \¬ Šconversation€was€of€a€sexual€nature,€and€Angela€Wilsonššs€husband,€Jeff€Wilson,€allegedly€tried€toŠ H˜ Šextort€money€from€the€Defendant€for€the€return€of€the€audio€tape.€€Through€the€efforts€of€the€TBI€theŠ 4„ Šaudiotape€was€recovered€by€the€Defendant,€and€Agent€Finley€testified€the€Defendant€then€abscondedŠ  p Šwith€the€tape.€€Agent€Finley€testified€that€the€Defendant€initially€refused€to€give€the€tape€to€the€lawŠ  \ Šenforcement€officers,€but€after€twenty€minutes€of€discussions,€the€Defendant€agreed€to€give€up€theŠ ųH Štape.ņ ņŠ ä4 ŠĢĢą@YY$ģąII.€€ANALYSISˆŠ Øų ŠĢó óą  ąWhile€both€parties€address€the€severance€issue€first,€we€choose€to€first€address€theŠ €Š Šadmissibility€of€the€Defendantššs€statement€because€its€admissibility€is€relevant€to€our€analysis€of€theŠ l¼ Šseverance€issue.ņ ņŠ X Ø ŠĢą@  ģąA.€€Defendantššs€Statement€to€Law€EnforcementˆŠ 0"€  ŠĢą  ąó óThe€Defendant€contends€that€the€trial€court€erred€by€denying€his€Motion€to€Suppress€hisŠ $X" Šstatement€to€police.€€Specifically,€the€Defendant€contends€that€he€invoked€his€Fifth€Amendment€rightŠ ō$D # Što€counsel€when€he€asked€the€Detective€if€he€needed€an€attorney.€ņ ņó ó€It€is€well„settled€that€a€trial€courtššsŠ ą%0!$ Šdetermination€at€a€suppression€hearing€is€presumptively€correct€on€appeal.€€ņņState€v.€Harbisonóó,€704Š Ģ&"% ŠS.W.2d€314,€318€(Tenn.€1986);€ņņseeóó€ņņState€v.€Sayloróó,€š!š€S.W.3d€š!š,€2003€WL€22238947,€at€*3€(Tenn.Š ø'#& ŠSept.€30,€2003).€€The€presumption€of€correctness€may€only€be€overcome€on€appeal€if€the€evidenceŠ ¤(ō#' Šin€the€record€preponderates€against€the€trial€courtššs€findings.€€ņņHarbisonóó,€704€S.W.2d€at€318.€€TheŠ )ą$( Šprevailing€party€š šis€entitled€to€the€strongest€legitimate€view€of€the€evidence€adduced€at€theŠ |*Ģ%) Šsuppression€hearing€as€well€as€all€reasonable€and€legitimate€inferences€that€may€be€drawn€from€theŠ h+ø&* Ševidence.šš€€ņņState€v.€Odomóó,€928€S.W.2d€18,€23€(Tenn.€1996)ņņóó;€ņņseeóó€ņņState€v.€Danielóó,€12€S.W.3d€420,€423Š ° Š(Tenn.€2000).€€When€reviewing€a€trial€courtššs€ruling€on€a€motion€to€suppress,€š šquestions€ofŠ œģ Šcredibility€of€the€witnesses,€the€weight€and€value€of€the€evidence,€and€resolution€of€conflicts€in€theŠ ˆŲ Ševidence€are€matters€entrusted€to€the€trial€judge€as€the€trier€of€fact.šš€€ņņOdomóó,€928€S.W.2d€at€23ņņóó.€€BothŠ tÄ Šthe€proof€adduced€at€the€suppression€hearing€and€the€proof€adduced€at€trial€may€be€considered€inŠ `° Šreviewing€the€trial€courtššs€decision€on€the€motion€to€suppress.€€ņņState€v.€Henningóó,€975€S.W.2d€290,Š L œ Š299€(Tenn.1998).€Š 8 ˆ ŠĢą  ąThe€Fifth€Amendment€to€the€United€States€Constitution€provides,€in€pertinent€part,€that€š šnoŠ  ` Šperson€.€.€.€shall€be€compelled€in€any€criminal€case€to€be€a€witness€against€himself.šš€€U.S.€Const.Š ü L  Šamend.€V.€€Similarly,€Article€I,€Section€9€of€the€Tennessee€Constitution€states€that€š šin€all€criminalŠ č 8  Šprosecutions,€the€accused€.€.€.€shall€not€be€compelledņ ņ€ó óto€give€evidence€against€himself.šš€€The€UnitedŠ Ō$  ŠStates€Supreme€Court€held€that,€pursuant€to€the€Fifth€and€Fourteenth€Amendmentsšš€prohibitionŠ Ä  Šagainst€compelled€self-incrimination,€police€officers€must€advise€a€defendant€of€his€or€her€right€toŠ °  Šremain€silent€and€of€his€or€her€right€to€counsel€before€they€may€initiate€custodial€interrogation.€Š œģ  ŠņņMiranda€v.€Arizonaóó,€384€U.S.€436,€479€(1966).€€ņ ņó óŠ ˆŲ  ŠĢą  ąš š[T]he€right€to€counsel€encompassed€within€the€right€against€self-incrimination€protected€byŠ `° Šthe€Fifth€Amendment€to€the€United€States€Constitution€is€triggered€whenever€a€suspect€requests€thatŠ Lœ Šcounsel€be€present€during€police-initiated€custodial€interrogation.šš€€ņņState€v.€Huddlestonóó,€924€S.W.2dŠ 8ˆ Š666,€669€(Tenn.€1996).€€š šWhen€a€suspect€invokes€that€right€to€counsel,€police€must€cease€questioningŠ $t Šuntil€counsel€is€present.šš€€ņņId.óó€€The€United€States€Supreme€Court€held€that€š šinvocation€of€the€ņņMirandaóóŠ ` Šright€to€counsel€requires,€at€a€minimum,€some€statement€that€can€reasonably€be€construed€to€be€anŠ üL Šexpression€of€a€desire€for€the€assistance€of€an€attorney.šš€€ņņDavis€v.€United€Statesóó,€512€U.S.€452,€458Š č8 Š(1994).€€A€suspect€š šššmust€articulate€his€desire€to€have€counsel€present€sufficiently€clearly€that€aŠ Ō$ Šreasonable€[police]€officer€.€.€.€would€understand€the€statement€to€be€a€request€for€an€attorney.ššššŠ Ą ŠņņSayloróó,€š!š€S.W.3d€š!š,€2003€WL€22238947,€at€*4€(quoting€ņņHuddlestonóó,€924€S.W.2d€at€670)ņņóó.€€š šIf€theŠ ¬ü Šsuspect€fails€to€make€such€an€unambiguous€statement,€police€may€continue€to€question€him€withoutŠ ˜č Šclarifying€any€equivocal€requests€for€counsel.šš€€ņņId.óó€ņņóóŠ „Ō ŠĢą  ąWhether€the€Defendant€made€an€unequivocal€request€for€an€attorney€is€a€question€of€fact€forŠ \ ¬ Šthe€trial€court€to€determine.€€ņņState€v.€Farmeróó,€927€S.W.2d€582,€594€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1996).€€In€theŠ H!˜ Šcase€under€submission,€the€trial€court€denied€the€Defendantššs€Motion€to€Suppress€noting€that€ņņStateŠ 4"„  Šv.€Stephensonóó,€878€S.W.2d€530,€542€(Tenn.€1994),€did€not€require€š šan€officer€to€give€a€legal€opinionŠ  #p! Što€somebody,€or€to€stop€when€[the€defendant]€says€ššDo€you€think€I€need€a€lawyer.šššš€€Accordingly,Š  $\" Šthe€trial€court€held:Š ų$H # ŠĢą8  ąI€donššt€think€that€they€were€required€to€stop€their€interrogation€when€[the€defendantŠ Š& "% Šsaid]€he€[did€not]€want€a€lawyer,€that€he€just€want[ed]€to€get€it€over€with.€€And€I€thinkŠ ¼' #& Šhis€statement€that€he€didnššt€even€want€[Attorney]€Smith€in€the€room€was€anŠ Ø(ų#' Šunequivocal€rejection€of€an€attorney€at€that€time.€€Š”)ä$(Š Š  Šā āŠ €*Š%) ŠWe€interpret€this€statement€by€the€trial€court€to€mean€that€it€found€that€the€Defendant€did€notŠ ° Šā āunequivocally€request€an€attorney.€€The€evidence€does€not€preponderate€against€this€finding.Š œģ ŠĢą  ąThe€Defendantššs€inquiry,€š šShould€I€have€a€lawyer?šš€did€not€suffice€to€invoke€his€right€toŠ tÄ Šcounsel€under€ņņMirandaóó.€€ņņSee,€e.g.,óó€ņņSayloróó,€š!š€S.W.3d€š!š,€2003€WL€22238947,€at€*4€(holding€that€theŠ `° Šdefendantššs€statement€š šIššm€supposed€to€have€a€lawyer€though,€donššt€I?šš€and€š šYou€have€to€have€aŠ L œ Šlawyer€present€before€questioningšš€were€not€unequivocal€requests€for€an€attorney€when€made€to€theŠ 8 ˆ Šnon„interrogating€officer€and€prior€to€the€defendant€being€given€ņņMirandaóó€warnings);ņņóó€ņņState€v.€Ledfordóó,Š $ t ŠNo.€E1999„00917„CCA„R3„CD,€2000€WL€1211312€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€Aug.€28,€2000)€(holding€thatŠ  ` Šthe€defendantššs€assertion,€š šDonššt€I€need€to€talk€to€a€lawyer?šš€did€not€suffice€to€invoke€his€right€toŠ ü L  Šcounsel€under€ņņMirandaóó);€ņņState€v.€Youngóó,€No.€01C01„9605„CC„00208,€1998€WL€258466€(Tenn.Š č 8  ŠCrim.€App.€May€22,€1998)€(holding€that€the€defendantššs€statement,€š šIššm€sorry,€Iššm€just€wonderingŠ Ō$  Šif€I€should€have€a€lawyer,šš€was€not€an€unambiguous€invocation€of€his€right€to€counsel);€ņņState€v.€Akeóó,Š Ą  ŠNo.€01C01„9603„CC„00094,€1997€WL€311908€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€June€6,€1997),€ņņperm.€to€appealŠ ¬ü  Šdeniedóó,€(Tenn.€Mar.€9,€1998)€(holding€that€the€defendantššs€statement,€š šI€probably€need€to€get€aŠ ˜č  Šlawyer,€donššt€I?šš€was€not€an€unambiguous€invocation€of€his€right€to€counsel);€ņņState€v.€Northóó,€No.Š „Ō  Š02C01„9512„CC„00369,€1996€WL€711473€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€Dec.€12,€1996),€ņņperm.€to€appealŠ pĄ Šdeniedóó,€(Tenn.€Jul.€17,€1997)€(holding€that€the€defendantššs€question€to€a€detective€as€to€whether€heŠ \¬ Šneeded€an€attorney€was€equivocal€and€not€a€clear€invocation€of€the€right€to€counsel).€€In€light€of€thisŠ H˜ Šauthority,€we€find€that€the€Defendant€failed€to€make€an€unambiguous€request€for€counsel€after€twiceŠ 4„ Šbeing€informed€of€his€right€to€counsel€and€twice€waiving€his€right€to€counsel.€€Accordingly,€he€didŠ  p Šnot€invoke€his€right€to€counsel,€and€the€evidence€does€not€preponderate€against€the€trial€courtššsŠ  \ Šholding€that€the€Defendantššs€statement€was€admissible.Ō#†¼ Y»XXW…±•#ŌŌ‡XW…X»¼ YŌņ ņŠ ųH ŠŌ#†¼ Y»XXW…ėF#ŌŌ‡XW…X»¼ YŌĢŌ#†¼ Y»XXW…EG#ŌŌ‡XW…X»¼ YŌą@®®$ģąB.€€SeveranceˆŠ Š  ŠĢą  ąó óThe€Defendant€argues€on€appeal€that€the€trial€court€erred€by€denying€his€Motion€to€Sever€€theŠ Øų Šcharges€against€him.€€Before€the€trial€court,€the€Defendant€agreed€that€the€charges€involving€AmandaŠ ”ä ŠPritchitt€and€Patrice€Shermerhorn€should€be€tried€together,€but€he€contended,€both€prior€to€andŠ €Š Šseveral€times€during€the€trial,€that€the€other€charges€should€be€severed€for€each€victim€and€triedŠ l¼ Šseparately.€€The€trial€court€denied€the€Defendantššs€Motion€to€Sever,€and€the€Defendant€now€appeals.Š X Ø ŠĢą@!!ģąņ ņ1.€€Standard€of€Reviewó óˆŠ 0"€  ŠĢą  ąŌ‡XgÉ XXXW…ŌA€trial€courtššs€denial€of€a€motion€to€sever€offenses€will€be€reviewed€for€an€abuse€ofŠ $X" Šdiscretion.€€ņņState€v.€Shirleyóó,€6€S.W.3d€243,€247€(Tenn.€1999);€ņņseeóó€ņņState€v.€Mooreóó,€6€S.W.3d€235,€238Š ō$D # Š(Tenn.€1999).Ō#†XW…X XXgɏJ#ŌŌ‡XgÉ XXXW…Ō€€ņņóóThis€Court€will€not€interfere€with€this€exercise€of€discretion€unless€it€appears€on€theŠ ą%0!$ Šface€of€the€record€that€the€accused€was€prejudiced€by€the€trial€courtššs€ruling.€€ņņState€v.€Wisemanóó,€643Š Ģ&"% ŠS.W.2d€354,€362€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1982).€€Whether€severance€should€be€š šgranted€or€deniedŠ ø'#& Šdepends€upon€the€facts€and€circumstances€involved€in€the€various€crimes€that€are€charged.šš€€ņņStateŠ ¤(ō#' Šv.€Morrisóó,€788€S.W.2d€820,€822€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1990);€ņņseeóó€ņņShirleyóó,€6€S.W.3d€at€247.Ō#†XW…X XXgÉÖK#ŌŌ‡XgÉ XXXW…ŌŠ )ą$( ŠŌ#†XW…X XXgÉ`N#ŌĢą@ÅÅ!ģąņ ņ2.€Motion€to€Sever€ó óˆŠ h+ø&* Їą  ąRule€14€of€the€Tennessee€Rules€of€Criminal€Procedure€provides€as€follows:€š šIf€two€or€moreŠ ° Šoffenses€have€been€joined€or€consolidated€for€trial€.€.€.,€the€defendant€shall€have€a€right€to€a€severanceŠ œģ Šof€the€offenses€unless€the€offenses€are€part€of€a€common€scheme€or€plan€ņņandóó€the€evidence€of€oneŠ ˆŲ Šwould€be€admissible€upon€the€trial€of€the€others.šš€€Tenn.€R.€Crim.€Pņņ.€14óó(b)(1)€(emphasis€added).€€Ō‡XgÉ XXXW…ŌToŠ tÄ Šavoid€severance,€both€portions€of€the€rule€must€be€satisfied.€€ņņSeeóó€ņņState€v.€Hallockóó,€875€S.W.2d€285,Š `° Š289€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1993).€€Ō#†XW…X XXgÉŪP#ŌThe€š šprimary€inquiry€into€whether€a€severance€should€have€beenŠ L œ Šgranted€under€Rule€14€is€whether€the€evidence€of€one€crime€would€be€admissible€in€the€trial€of€theŠ 8 ˆ Šother€if€the€two€counts€of€indictment€had€been€severed,šš€€ņņState€v.€Burchfieldóó,€664€S.W.2d€284,€286Š $ t Š(Tenn.€1984)Ō‡XgÉ XXXW…Ō,€thereby€making€the€question€of€severance€š šreally€a€question€of€evidentiary€relevance,šš€Š  ` ŠņņMooreóó,€6€S.W.3d€at€239.€€Further,€the€consolidation€of€offenses€is€proper€only€if€the€trial€courtŠ ü L  Šconcludes€that:Š č 8  ŠĢą8  ą(1)€the€multiple€offenses€constitute€parts€of€a€common€scheme€or€plan;€(2)€evidenceŠ Ą  Šof€each€offense€is€relevant€to€some€material€issue€in€the€trial€of€all€the€other€offenses;Š ¬ü  Šand€(3)€the€probative€value€of€the€evidence€of€other€offenses€is€not€outweighed€by€theŠ ˜č  Šprejudicial€effect€that€admission€of€the€evidence€would€have€on€the€defendant.Š„Ō Š Š  ŠĢņņState€v.€Spiceróó,€12€S.W.3d€438,€445€(Tenn.€2000).Š \¬ ŠĢą  ąIn€deciding€whether€consolidation€is€proper€in€this€case,€we€first€must€determine€whether€theŠ 4„ Šprosecution€offered€evidence€to€establish€that€the€offenses€constitute€parts€of€a€common€scheme€orŠ  p Šplan.€ņņŌ#†XW…X XXgÉ0S#Ōóó€ņņState€v.€Toliveróó,€š!š€S.W.3d€š!š,€2003€WL€2251400,€at€*€12€(Tenn.€Oct.€2,€2003).€€A€commonŠ  \ Šscheme€or€plan€for€severance€purposes€is€the€same€as€a€common€scheme€or€plan€for€evidentiaryŠ ųH Špurposes.ņņóó€ņņóó€ņņHallockóó,€875€S.W.2d€at€289„90.€€Typically,€offenses€that€are€parts€of€a€common€schemeŠ ä4 Šor€plan€are€offered€by€the€State€to€establish€the€identity€of€the€perpetrator.€€ņņMooreóó,€6€S.W.3d€at€239Š Š  Š(ņņóóciting€ņņState€v.€McCaryóó,€922€S.W.2d€511,€514€(Tenn.€1996)).€€In€Tennessee,€there€areņņóó€threeŠ ¼  Šcategories€of€common€scheme€or€plan€evidence:€(1)€evidence€showing€a€distinctive€design€orŠ Øų Šsignature€crime;€(2)€evidence€demonstrating€a€larger,€continuing€plan€or€conspiracy;€and€(3)€evidenceŠ ”ä Šthat€the€offenses€are€part€of€the€same€transaction.€€ņņId.óó€at€240.€€The€š ššštest€[for€finding€a€commonŠ €Š Šscheme€or€plan]€is€not€whether€there€was€evidence€that€a€defendant€committed€both€crimes,€butŠ l¼ Šwhether€there€was€ņņa€unique€methodóó€used€in€committing€the€crimes.šššš€€ņņId.óó€at€241€(quoting€ņņYoung€v.Š X Ø ŠStateóó,€566€S.W.2d€895,€898€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1978)).€Š D!” ŠĢą  ąBefore€multiple€offenses€are€considered€a€distinctive€design€or€signature€crime€pursuant€toŠ #l! Šthe€first€category€of€common€scheme€or€plan€evidence,€š šthe€ššmodus€operandi€employed€must€be€soŠ $X" Šunique€and€distinctive€as€to€be€like€a€signature.šššš€ņņId.óó€at€240€(quoting€ņņState€v.€Carteróó,€714€S.W.2d€241,Š ō$D # Š245€(Tenn.€1986))ņņóó.€€The€second€category,€š šcontinuing€plan€or€conspiracy,šš€involves€not€the€similarityŠ ą%0!$ Šbetween€the€crimes,€but€rather€the€common€goal€or€purpose€at€which€they€are€directed.€€ņņState€v.€Hoytóó,ņ ņó óŠ Ģ&"% Š928€S.W.2d€935,€943€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1995).€€The€proof€sought,€therefore,€is€of€a€working€plan,Š ø'#& Šš šoperating€towards€the€future€with€such€force€as€to€make€probable€the€crime€for€which€the€defendantŠ ¤(ō#' Šis€on€trial.šš€€ņņId.óó€€Finally,€to€qualify€within€the€š šsame€transaction€category,šš€the€crimes€must€occurŠ )ą$( Šš šwithin€a€single€criminal€episode.šš€€ņņHallockóó,€875€S.W.2d€at€290.€€Š |*Ģ%) ŠŠ h+ø&* ŠŌ‡XgÉ XXXW…Ōą  ąIn€our€review€of€the€record€in€this€case,€we€conclude€that€the€offenses€were€not€committedŠ ° Šwith€š šsuch€unusual€particularitiesšš€as€to€indicate€the€presence€of€a€distinct€modus€operandi,€nor€wereŠ œģ Šthe€offenses€so€strikingly€similar€that€they€may€be€regarded€as€the€stamp€or€signature€of€theŠ ˆŲ ŠDefendant.€€The€methods€used€by€the€Defendant€to€allegedly€sexually€assault€his€female€patientsŠ tÄ Šdiffered€substantially€among€the€patients.€€All€of€the€patients€that€testified€claimed€that€the€DefendantŠ `° Štouched€them€inappropriately,€but€their€complaints€varied,€including€complaining€that€the€DefendantŠ L œ Šfondled€their€breasts,€massaged€their€genitalia,€inserted€a€finger€into€their€vagina€or€rectum,€tried€toŠ 8 ˆ Škiss€them€or€touched€their€leg€with€an€erection.€€These€cannot€be€said€to€be€š šsignaturešš€crimes.€Š $ t ŠFurther,€we€find€that€these€crimes€were€not€committed€as€part€of€a€larger,€continuing€plan€orŠ  ` Šconspiracy,€nor€were€they€part€of€the€same€criminal€transaction.€€Therefore,€we€find€that€the€offensesŠ ü L  Šwere€not€part€of€a€common€scheme€or€plan€and€that€the€trial€court€erred€when€it€denied€theŠ č 8  ŠDefendantššs€Motion€to€Sever.€€Š Ō$  ŠŌ#†XW…X XXgÉ:a#ŌĢŌ‡XgÉ XXXW…Ōą@ąą!ģąņ ņ3.€€Harmless€erroró óˆŠ ¬ü  ŠĢą  ąHaving€determined€that€the€trial€court€abused€its€discretion€in€consolidating€the€indictmentsŠ „Ō  Šover€the€Defendantššs€objection,€we€must€next€consider€whether€the€error€more€probably€than€notŠ pĄ Šaffected€the€judgment.€€ņņSeeóó€Tenn.€R.€Crim.€P.€52€(a);€Tenn.€R.€App.€P.€36€(b);€ņņToliveróó,€š!š€S.W.3d€š!š,Š \¬ Š2003€WL€22251400,€at€*14;€ņņSpiceróó€12€S.W.3d€at€447.€€Ō#†XW…X XXgÉąf#ŌŌ‡XgÉ XXXW…ŌTennessee€Rule€of€Criminal€Procedure€52Š H˜ Šstates€that€no€conviction€is€to€be€reversed€on€appeal€š šexcept€for€errors€which€affirmatively€appearŠ 4„ Što€have€affected€the€result€of€the€trial€on€its€merits.šš€€ņņSee€alsoóó€Tenn.€R.€App.€P.€36(b).€Ō#†XW…X XXgÉi#ŌŌ‡XgÉ XXXW…Ō€Because€theŠ  p Šquestion€of€whether€to€grant€a€severance€under€Tennessee€Rule€of€Criminal€Procedure€14(b)(1)€isŠ  \ Šprimarily€an€evidentiary€question,ņņóó€the€effect€of€a€denial€of€that€right€is€weighed€by€the€same€standardŠ ųH Šas€other€non„constitutional€evidentiary€errors:€the€defendant€must€show€that€the€error€probablyŠ ä4 Šaffected€the€judgment€before€reversal€is€appropriate.€€ņņMooreóó,€6€S.W.3d€at€242Ō#†XW…X XXgÉxj#ŌŌ‡XgÉ XXXW…Ō.€€We€hold€that€theŠ Š  ŠDefendant€in€the€case€under€submission€has€failed€to€meet€this€burden,€and,€therefore,€the€denial€ofŠ ¼  Šseverance€was€harmless€error.Š Øų ŠĢą  ąThe€Defendant€contends€that€the€joinder€of€offenses€was€confusing€and€prejudiced€theŠ €Š ŠDefendant.€€While€it€is€true€that€under€some€circumstances€there€is€a€danger€that€a€jury€may€use€theŠ l¼ Ševidence€of€other€similar€acts€to€conclude€that€a€defendant€has€a€propensity€to€commit€certain€typesŠ X Ø Šof€crimes,€the€rationale€for€Tennessee€Rule€of€Evidence€404(b),€it€is€equally€true€that€the€š šlineŠ D!” Šbetween€harmless€and€prejudicial€error€is€in€direct€proportion€to€the€degree€of€the€margin€by€whichŠ 0"€  Šthe€proof€exceeds€the€standard€required€to€convict,€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt.šš€€ņņToliveróó,€š!š€S.W.3dŠ #l! Šš!š,€2003€WL€22251400,€at€*14;€ņņDelk€v.€Stateóó,€590€S.W.2d€435,€442€(Tenn.€1979).€€Š $X" ŠĢą  ąThe€weight€of€the€evidence€against€the€Defendant€in€the€case€before€us€far€exceeded€theŠ ą%0!$ Šstandard€required€to€convict€him€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt€and€is,€in€fact,€overwhelming.€€Ō#†XW…X XXgɘl#ŌŌ‡XgÉ XXXW…ŌTheŠ Ģ&"% Ševidence€presented€to€the€jury€included:€€testimony€from€the€victims€that€the€DefendantŠ ø'#& Šinappropriately€touched€them;€the€Defendantššs€statements€to€police€that€š šsome€of€[my]€advancesŠ ¤(ō#' Šwere€unwanted,€unsolicited,€and€not€consensual,šš€and€that,€š šThe€contact€I€have€had€with€patientsŠ )ą$( Šconsist€of€touching€breasts€and€genitalia;šš€and€the€Defendantššs€testimony€at€trial€that€while€he€had,Š |*Ģ%) Šin€fact,€touched€the€victims,€the€victims€mistakenly€interpreted€that€touching€as€being€for€sexualŠ h+ø&* Šgratification€and€not€for€medical€purposes.€€As€previously€stated,€this€evidence€far€exceeded€thatŠ ° Šnecessary€for€conviction.€€Further,€we€are€persuaded€that€the€jury€did€not€consider€all€the€offensesŠ œģ Šas€propensity€evidence€because€the€jury€acquitted€the€Defendant€of€six€counts.€€We€conclude€that,Š ˆŲ Šin€light€of€the€overwhelming€evidence€against€the€Defendant€and€because€the€jury€acquitted€theŠ tÄ ŠDefendant€of€some€of€the€charges€against€him,€the€error€did€not€š šmore€probably€than€notšš€affect€theŠ `° Šjudgment€and€was,€therefore,€harmless.Ō#†XW…X XXgÉŹq#ŌŌ‡XgÉ XXXW…ŌŌ#†¼”¼ » XXgɈG#ŌŌ‡XgÉ X »¼”¼Ō€€Accordingly,€we€find€that€reversal€is€not€appropriate€on€theŠ L œ Šbasis€of€this€harmless€error€by€the€trial€court.Ō#†XW…X XXgÉųv#ŌŌ#†¼ Y»XXW…:w#ŌŌ‡XW…X»¼ YŌņ ņŠ 8 ˆ ŠŌ#†¼ Y»XXW…"x#ŌŌ‡XW…X»¼ YŌĢĢŌ#†¼ Y»XXW…|x#ŌŌ‡XW…X»¼ YŌą@ffģąC.€€Improper€Cross„ExaminationˆŠ ü L  ŠĢą  ąó óThe€Defendant€contends€that€the€trial€court€erred€by€allowing€the€prosecution€to€improperlyŠ Ō$  Šcross„examine€the€Defendant€and€his€former€wife.ņ ņ€€ó óSpecifically,€he€argues€that€the€State€should€notŠ Ą  Šhave€been€allowed€to€cross„examine€him€about:€(1)€the€fact€that€he€received€an€administrativeŠ °  Šdischarge€from€the€Air€Force;€(2)€the€fact€that€he€had€written€an€improper€prescription;€and€(3)€aboutŠ œģ  Šhis€familiarity€with€ņņMirandaóó€warnings.€ņ ņŠ ˆŲ  ŠĢó óą  ąš šA€witness€may€be€cross„examined€on€any€matter€relevant€to€any€issue€in€the€case,€includingŠ `° Šcredibility€.€.€.€.šš€€Tenn.€R.€Evid.€611(b).€€The€witnessššs€credibility€may€be€questioned€by€an€adverseŠ Lœ Šparty€through€impeachment€of€the€witness€by€rebutting€a€factual€assertion€made€by€the€witness€to€beŠ 8ˆ Šimpeached.€€ņņóóNeil€P.€Cohen€et€al.,€Tennessee€Law€of€Evidence€šššš€6.11[5][a],€607[4][a]€(4thņņóó€ed.€2000Š $t Š&€Supp.€2002).€€If€the€trier€of€fact€believes€the€contradictory€evidence€presented€by€the€impeachingŠ ` Šparty,€the€witnessššs€credibility€is€surely€diminished.€ņņóó€ņņId.óó€at€šš€6.07[4][a].€€Š üL ŠĢą  ąThe€propriety,€scope,€manner,€and€control€of€cross„examination€rests€within€the€soundŠ Ō$ Šdiscretion€of€the€trial€court.€€ņņSeeóó€ņņState€v.€Hutchinsonóó,€898€S.W.2d€161,€172€(Tenn.€1994);€ņņState€v.Š Ą ŠBarnardóó,€899€S.W.2d€617,€624€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1994)ņņóó.€€Absent€a€clear€abuse€of€this€discretion€thatŠ ¬ü Šresults€in€manifest€prejudice€to€the€accused,€this€Court€will€not€interfere€with€the€trial€courtššsŠ ˜č Šexercise€of€its€discretion€on€matters€pertaining€to€the€examination€of€witnesses.€€ņņState€v.€Johnsonóó,Š „Ō Š670€S.W.2d€634,€636€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1984).Š pĄ ŠĢą  ąOn€direct€examination€the€Defendant€testified€that€he€was€on€active€duty€in€the€Air€ForceŠ H!˜ Šfrom€1968€to€1981€and€achieved€a€rank€of€Lieutenant€Colonel.€€Further,€he€testified€that€he€practicedŠ 4"„  Šmedicine€while€on€active€duty€and€that€whenever€he€got€permission,€he€would€go€on€š šdustoffššŠ  #p! Šmissions€to€pick€up€casualties.€€In€addition,€the€Defendant€participated€in€š šMedivac€missions€pickingŠ  $\" Šup€emergencies€around€the€world.šš€€The€Defendant€also€testified€that€he€was€š šChief€of€Air€SpaceŠ ų$H # ŠMedical€Departments€for€several€airbases,€and€had€to€work€in€emergency€departments€at€theŠ ä%4!$ Šhospital.šš€€On€cross„examination,€the€Defendant€testified€that€he€was€discharged€from€the€militaryŠ Š& "% Šafter€he€made€a€š šmistakešš€by€having€a€š šfriendšš€improperly€fill€a€prescription€that€he€intended€to€takeŠ ¼' #& Šhimself.€€Š Ø(ų#' ŠĢą  ąClearly,€the€trial€court€did€not€abuse€its€discretion€by€allowing€evidence€regarding€the€natureŠ €*Š%) Šof€the€Defendantššs€discharge€from€the€military.€€The€Defendant€opened€the€door€to€inquiry€into€hisŠ l+¼&* Šdischarge€by€testifying€about€his€thirteen„year€military€service€and€the€nature€of€that€service,Š ° Šimplying€to€the€jury€a€long€term€of€honorable€service€to€his€country.€€ņņSeeóó€ņņJohnsonóó,€670€S.W.2d€atŠ œģ Š636.€€The€fact€that€his€discharge€came€after€the€military€became€aware€that€he€improperly€wrote€aŠ ˆŲ Šprescription€contradicts€the€assertion€that€he€served€his€country€honorably€for€the€duration€of€hisŠ tÄ Šmilitary€career.€€Š `° ŠĢą  ąThe€Defendant€also€contends€that€the€trial€court€abused€its€discretion€when€it€allowed€theŠ 8 ˆ ŠState€to€question€the€Defendant€regarding€an€š šacknowledgment€of€rightsšš€form,€similar€to€a€ņņMirandaóóŠ $ t Šwaiver€form,€that€he€signed€when€he€was€discharged€from€the€military.€€Similarly,€he€contends€thatŠ  ` Šthe€State€improperly€questioned€him€about€a€waiver€of€rights€form€that€he€signed€when€he€was€theŠ ü L  Šcomplainant€in€a€criminal€case.€€We€find€that€the€trial€court€did€not€abuse€its€discretion€when€itŠ č 8  Špermitted€cross„examination€on€these€subjects.Š Ō$  ŠĢą  ąWhen€asked€about€the€circumstances€of€his€arrest,€the€Defendant€testified€that€the€officersŠ ¬ü  Šš šjust€handed€[the€waiver€to€him€and]€said€.€.€.€ššyou€have€to€sign€right€here.šššš€€Further,€he€testified€thatŠ ˜č  Šhe€š šdidnššt€have€the€foggiest€idea€what€[he]€was€signing€.€.€.€.šš€€The€State€asked€the€Defendant€toŠ „Ō  Šrecall€his€testimony€from€the€pre„trial€hearing€where€he€admitted€to€signing€a€rights€waiver,€butŠ pĄ Šdenied€understanding€it€and€stated,€š šI€was€in€a€state€of€shock.€€This€thing€took€me€totally€by€surprise.€Š \¬ ŠI€didnššt€have€a€clue€what€I€was€signing.€€I€was€just€told€to€sign€it,€that€I€had€better€sign€it.šš€Š H˜ ŠThereafter,€the€State€asked€the€Defendant€if€he€recalled€that€when€the€State€asked€him€if€he€wasŠ 4„ Šfamiliar€with€his€right€to€have€an€attorney€from€his€own€lifeššs€experience€at€the€pre„trial€hearing€heŠ  p Štestified,€š šI€donššt€know€much€about€it.€€I€have€never€been€arrested€before.šš€€The€DefendantŠ  \ Šresponded,€š šThat€sounds€like€what€I€said.ššŠ ųH ŠĢą  ąWe€find€some€merit€in€the€Defendantššs€argument€that€allowing€testimony€of€prior€arrests,€orŠ Š  Šencounters€with€police€in€which€ņņMirandaóó€warnings€were€given,€could€circumvent€the€prohibitionŠ ¼  Šagainst€š šprior€bad€actšš€testimony.€€However,€by€testifying€that€he€had€š šnever€been€arrested€beforeššŠ Øų Šso€he€š šdidnššt€know€much€aboutšš€a€waiver€of€rights€form,€the€Defendant€opened€the€door€to€cross„Š ”ä Šexamination€about€whether€he€was€familiar€with€a€waiver€of€rights€form.€€Accordingly,€the€StateŠ €Š Špresented€two€similar€forms€that€had€been€signed€by€the€Defendant€and€inquired€as€to€each.€€The€trialŠ l¼ Šcourt€strictly€limited€the€scope€of€the€Stateššs€cross.€€The€court€did€not€allow€the€State€to€admit€theŠ X Ø Šmilitaryššs€š šacknowledgement€of€rightsšš€form€into€evidence€and€also€limited€the€Stateššs€inquiry€toŠ D!” Šwhether€š šthere€was€a€time€when€he€was€a€complain[ant]€against€somebody€elsešš€and€š šif€at€someŠ 0"€  Špoint€[an€officer]€gave€him€[a€waiver€of€rights€form].šš€€The€State€was€not€permitted€to€inquire€as€toŠ #l! Šthe€facts€of€the€case€or€to€imply€that€the€Defendant€had€š šdone€anything€wrong.šš€€We€find€that€the€trialŠ $X" Šcourt€did€not€abuse€its€discretion€by€permitting€this€limited€inquiry€of€these€two€documents.Š ō$D # ŠĢņ ņą  ąó óHaving€so€determined,€we€now€address€the€Defendantššs€contention€that€the€State€should€notŠ Ģ&"% Šhave€been€allowed€to€cross„examine€his€former€wife€about€his€discharge€from€the€Air€Force.€€TheŠ ø'#& ŠDefendantššs€wife€testified€on€direct€examination€that€š šDoctor€Denton€was€honorably€discharged€inŠ ¤(ō#' Š1981.šš€€As€previously€stated,€the€credibility€of€any€witness€may€be€attacked,€and€it€may€be€attackedŠ )ą$( Šā āby€questioning€the€witness€about€contradictory€facts.€€The€Defendantššs€former€wifeššs€testimony€aboutŠ |*Ģ%) Šhis€š šhonorable€dischargešš€opened€the€door€to€inquiry€about€the€circumstances€surrounding€theŠ ° Šdischarge.€€Accordingly,€the€trial€court€properly€permitted€this€cross„examination.Ō#†¼ Y»XXW…Ąx#ŌŌ‡XW…X»¼ YŌņ ņŠ œģ Šā āŌ#†¼ Y»XXW…ƒ˜#ŌŌ‡XW…X»¼ YŌĢĢą@ē ē ģąD.€€š šSupervisory€Poweršš€of€the€DefendantˆŠ `° Šó óĢą  ąNext,€the€Defendant€contends€that€the€evidence€presented€at€trial€was€insufficient€to€supportŠ 8 ˆ Šhis€conviction€for€sexual€battery€by€an€authority€figure€because€he€did€not€exercise€š šsupervisoryŠ $ t Špowerššover€victim€Amanda€Pritchett,€who€was€seventeen€at€the€time€of€the€assault.€€Sexual€batteryŠ  ` Šby€an€authority€figure€is€defined€by€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€section€39„13„527€(1998),€whichŠ ü L  Šstates:Š č 8  Šą8  ąą ` ą(a)€Sexual€battery€by€an€authority€figure€is€unlawful€sexual€contact€with€aŠ Ō$  Švictim€by€the€defendant€or€the€defendant€by€a€victim€accompanied€by€the€followingŠ Ą  Šcircumstances:€€Š¬ü Š Š  ŠĢą8  ąą ` ą(1)€The€victim€was,€at€the€time€of€the€offense,€thirteen€(13)€years€of€age€orŠ „Ō  Šolder€but€less€than€eighteen€(18)€years€of€age;€and€either€ŠpĄŠ Š  ŠĢą8  ąą ` ą(A)€The€defendant€had,€at€the€time€of€the€offense,€supervisory€or€disciplinaryŠ H˜ Špower€over€the€victim€by€virtue€of€the€defendantššs€legal,€professional€or€occupationalŠ 4„ Šstatus€and€used€such€power€to€accomplish€the€sexual€contact;€orŠ pŠ Š  ŠĢą8  ąą ` ą(B)€The€defendant€had,€at€the€time€of€the€offense,€parental€or€custodialŠ ųH Šauthority€over€the€victim€and€used€such€authority€to€accomplish€the€sexual€contact.Šä4Š Š  ŠĢą  ąThe€issue€we€must€decide€is€whether€a€doctor€exercises€š šsupervisory€poweršš€over€a€patientŠ ¼  Šwho€is€between€thirteen€and€eighteen€years€of€age.€€This€question€is€one€of€statutory€interpretationŠ Øų Šand,€as€such,€we€review€it€de€novo,€without€a€presumption€of€correctness.€€ņņState€v.€Wallsóó,€62€S.W.3dŠ ”ä Š119,€121€(Tenn.€2001).€€When€construing€any€statute,€our€paramount€obligation€is€to€ascertain€andŠ €Š Šeffectuate€the€Legislatureššs€intent.€€ņņState€v.€Alfordóó,€970€S.W.2d€944,€946€(Tenn.€1998).€€In€order€toŠ l¼ Šdo€so,€we€take€the€natural€and€ordinary€meaning€of€the€language€contained€in€the€statute,€without€aŠ X Ø Šforced€construction€to€limit€or€extend€its€meaning.€€ņņState€v.€Whiteheadóó,€43€S.W.3d€921,€928€(Tenn.Š D!” ŠCrim.€App.€2000).€€All€ambiguities€will€be€resolved€in€favor€of€the€defendant.€€ņņState€v.€Rogersóó,€992Š 0"€  ŠS.W.2d€393,€400€(Tenn.€1999).€€Š #l! ŠĢą  ąBlackššs€Law€Dictionary€defines€š šsupervisešš€as€š što€have€general€oversight€over,€toŠ ō$D # Šsuperintend€or€to€inspect.šš€€Blackššs€Law€Dictionary€1438€(6th€ed.€1990).€€š šSupervisory€poweršš€isŠ ą%0!$ Šthe€power€to€control€or€direct€that€which€is€being€ņņóócontrolled€or€directed.€€ņņSee€generallyóó€ņņState€v.Š Ģ&"% ŠTorresóó,€82€S.W.3d€236,€254€(Tenn.€2002ņņóó)€(discussing€the€š šsupervisory€poweršš€of€the€TennesseeŠ ø'#& ŠSupreme€Court€over€the€trial€courts).€€For€the€purposes€of€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€section€39„13„Š ¤(ō#' Š527,€we€conclude€that€a€doctor€possesses€supervisory€power€over€a€patient€between€the€ages€ofŠ )ą$( Šthirteen€and€eighteen€when€the€doctor€is€conducting€a€physical€examination€of€the€patient.Š |*Ģ%) ŠŠ h+ø&* Šą  ąThe€Defendant€states€that€the€purpose€of€the€statute,€as€articulated€during€the€JudiciaryŠ ° ŠCommittee€discussions,€is€to€š šstop€a€ššsex€offender€in€authority€from€using€that€authority€toŠ œģ Šmanipulate€a€child€into€sexual€contact.šššš€The€Defendant€then€contends€that€this€š šcomfortablyŠ ˆŲ Šdescribes€the€relationships€between€teacher€and€student,€counselor€and€camper,€jailer€and€prisoner,ššŠ tÄ Šbut€does€not€describe€a€doctorššs€relationship€with€a€patient.€€We,€respectfully,€disagree.Š `° ŠĢą  ąWe€have€previously€noted€that,€in€the€doctor€physician€relationship,€š š[t]here€is€an€inherentŠ 8 ˆ Štrust€and€confidence€which€a€patient€seeking€medical€care€places€in€the€physician€and€upon€whichŠ $ t Ša€patient€relies€in€allowing€the€physician€access€to€the€most€intimate€parts€of€the€body.šš€€Ō#†¼ Y»XXW…ē˜#ŌŌ‡XW…X»¼ YŌņņState€v.Š  ` ŠTizardóó,€897€S.W.2d€732,€742„43€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1994)€(discussing€the€patient/doctor€relationshipŠ ü L  Šin€the€context€of€sexual€battery€committed€by€fraud).€€A€doctor,€who€is€in€a€position€of€great€trust,Š č 8  Šdirects€the€patient€throughout€the€entire€examination,€telling€the€patient€whether€she€should€removeŠ Ō$  Šany€or€all€of€her€clothing€in€order€to€be€properly€examined,€touching€parts€of€her€body€that€the€doctorŠ Ą  Šdeems€necessary€to€be€touched,€and€advising€the€patient€to€act€in€a€manner€so€as€to€facilitate€theŠ ¬ü  Šdoctorššs€ability€to€diagnose€the€patient.€€The€patient,€in€most€cases,€follows€the€direction€of€theŠ ˜č  Šdoctor€to€be€properly€diagnosed€and€treated€for€the€medical€condition€that€brought€the€patient€to€theŠ „Ō  Šdoctor.€€This€is€š šsupervisory€poweršš€as€defined€and€contemplated€by€the€statute.€€When€a€doctorŠ pĄ Šabuses€this€š šsupervisory€poweršš€to€inappropriately€touch€a€minor€patient,€he€has€committed€sexualŠ \¬ Šbattery.Š H˜ ŠĢą  ąIn€the€case€under€submission,€the€Defendant€was€purporting€to€examine€the€seventeen„year„Š  p Šold€victim,€Amanda€Pritchett,€for€ringworm.€€ņ ņó óThe€Defendant€asked€the€victim€to€pull€her€pants€downŠ  \ Šso€he€could€see€her€ringworm,€and€she€responded€that€she€did€not€need€to€do€so€because€theŠ ųH Šringworm€was€right€under€her€belly€button.€€The€Defendant€then€put€his€fingers€between€her€š švaginaŠ ä4 Šlipsšš€and€š šrubbedšš€her€there€despite€the€victimššs€assertion€that€there€was€no€ringworm€down€there.€Š Š  ŠThis€evidence€is€clearly€sufficient€to€show€that€the€Defendant€committed€sexual€battery€by€anŠ ¼  Šauthority€figure.Š Øų Šņ ņŌ#†¼ Y»XXW…ŠŖ#ŌŌ‡XW…X»¼ YŌĢĢą@««ģąą@@ØØģąE.€€Stateššs€Rebuttal€SummationˆŠ l¼ Šó óĢą  ąThe€Defendant€contends€that€the€prosecutionššs€rebuttal€summation€was€š šhighly€inflammatoryŠ D!” Šand€highly€prejudicial.šš€€The€Defendant€states€that€the€State€improperly€personalized€the€charges€andŠ 0"€  Šinvited€the€jurors€to€think€about€the€Defendantššs€subjecting€their€own€daughters€to€the€conduct€withŠ #l! Šwhich€he€was€charged€by€stating:Š $X" ŠĢą8  ąIf€you€donššt€want€to€have€your€daughtersšš€clitoris€massaged€during€a€pelvic€exam€youŠ ą%0!$ Šmight€want€to€think€about€convicting€him€.€.€.€.€€If€you€donššt€want€your€daughter€toŠ Ģ&"% Šbe€sitting€in€his€office€with€your€doctorššs€penis€pressed€against€her€in€an€erect€fashionŠ ø'#& Šyou€might€want€to€think€about€convicting€him€.€.€.€.€If€you€donššt€want€.€.€.€yourŠ ¤(ō#' Šdaughter€getting€a€fake€EKG€and€her€nipples€fondled€you€might€want€to€think€aboutŠ )ą$( Šconvicting€him.Š|*Ģ%)Š Š  ŠŠ h+ø&* Šą  ąš šIn€determining€whether€statements€made€in€closing€argument€constitute€reversible€error,€itŠ ° Šis€necessary€to€determine€whether€the€statements€were€improper€and,€if€so,€whether€their€improprietyŠ œģ Šaffected€the€verdict.šš€€ņņState€v.€Suttonóó,€562€S.W.2d€820,€823€(Tenn.€1978).€€š šThe€trial€court€has€wideŠ ˆŲ Šdiscretion€in€controlling€the€course€of€arguments€and€will€not€be€reversed€absent€an€abuse€of€thatŠ tÄ Šdiscretion.šš€€ņņState€v.€Baneóó,€57€S.W.3d€411,€425€(Tenn.€2001).€€In€addition,€š šprosecutorial€misconductŠ `° Šdoes€not€amount€to€reversible€error€absent€a€showing€that€it€has€affected€the€outcome€to€the€prejudiceŠ L œ Šof€the€defendant.šš€€ņņId.óó€€Arguments€must€be€temperate,€predicated€on€evidence€introduced€during€theŠ 8 ˆ Štrial,€relevant€to€the€issues€being€tried,€and€not€otherwise€improper€under€the€facts€or€law.€€ņņState€v.Š $ t ŠMiddlebrooksóó,€995€S.W.2d€550,€557€(Tenn.€1999).€€Because€closing€arguments€are€an€important€partŠ  ` Šof€the€trial€process,€attorneys€are€usually€given€wide€latitude€in€the€scope€of€their€arguments.€€ņņStateŠ ü L  Šv.€Nesbitóó,€978€S.W.2d€872,€900€(Tenn.€1998).€€Š č 8  ŠĢą  ąTo€preserve€the€issue€of€prosecutorial€misconduct€for€appeal,€the€defendant€must€object€andŠ Ą  Šcall€the€issue€to€the€trial€courtššs€attention;€any€failure€to€do€so€constitutes€a€waiver€of€the€issue.ņņ€€óóTenn.Š ¬ü  ŠR.€App.€P.ņņ€36óó(a);€ņņState€v.€Hallóó,€8€S.W.3d€593,€596€n.1€(Tenn.€1999).€€Additionally,€issues€uponŠ ˜č  Šwhich€a€new€trial€is€sought€that€are€not€included€in€the€defendantššs€motion€for€new€trial€are€waived.ņņ€Š „Ō  ŠóóTenn.€R.€App.€P.€3(e);€Tenn.€R.€App.€P.€36(a).€€We€review€issues€that€are€waived€by€the€defendantŠ pĄ Šonly€for€š šplain€error.šš€€Tenn.€R.€Crim.€P.€52(b).€€Š \¬ ŠĢą  ąIn€the€present€case,€the€Defendant€failed€to€object€to€the€prosecutorššs€summation€at€trial,€didŠ 4„ Šnot€ask€for€a€curative€instruction€and€did€not€raise€this€issue€in€any€of€his€motions€for€new€trial.€€Š  p ŠTenn.€R.€App.€P.€36(a).Ō#†¼ Y»XXW…š²#ŌŌ‡XW…X»¼ YŌ€€Accordingly,€we€find€that€he€has€waived€this€issue.€€Furthermore,€in€ourŠ  \ Šview,€the€prosecutorššs€summation€does€not€rise€to€the€level€of€plain€error.€€Š ųH ŠĢņ ņĢą@Ä Ä ģąF.€€Consent€of€Undercover€T.B.I.€Agent€š šVictimššó óˆŠ ¼  ŠĢą  ąThe€Defendant€contends€that€the€trial€court€erred€by€denying€his€request€for€a€jury€instructionŠ ”ä Šon€consent€as€a€defense€to€the€offense€involving€victim€Patrice€Schermerhorn.€€The€Defendant€wasŠ €Š Šcharged€with€sexual€battery€against€Schermerhorn,€and€the€jury€convicted€the€Defendant€of€theŠ l¼ Šlesser„included€offense€of€assault.€€Š X Ø ŠĢą  ąSexual€battery€is€unlawful€sexual€contact€with€a€victim€by€the€defendant€or€the€defendant€byŠ 0"€  Ša€victim€accompanied€by€any€of€the€following€circumstances:€Š #l! ŠĢą8  ą(1)€€Force€or€coercion€is€used€to€accomplish€the€act;€Šō$D #Š Š  ŠĢą8  ą(2)€€The€sexual€contact€is€accomplished€without€the€consent€of€the€victim€and€theŠ Ģ&"% Šdefendant€knows€or€has€reason€to€know€at€the€time€of€the€contact€that€the€victim€didŠ ø'#& Šnot€consent;€Š¤(ō#'Š Š  ŠĢą8  ą(3)€€The€defendant€knows€or€has€reason€to€know€that€the€victim€is€mentally€defective,Š |*Ģ%) Šmentally€incapacitated€or€physically€helpless;€or€Šh+ø&*Š Š  Їą8  ą(4)€€The€sexual€contact€is€accomplished€by€fraud.€ņ ņаРР ŠĢó óTenn.€Code€Ann.€šš€39„13„505(a)€(1997).€€The€State€elected€to€proceed€only€on€the€theory€of€sexualŠ ˆŲ Šbattery€by€fraud,€and€only€that€theory€was€charged€to€the€jury.€€The€Defendant€requested€that€the€trialŠ tÄ Šcourt€instruct€the€jury€on€consent,€a€request€which€the€trial€court€denied.Š `° ŠĢą  ąThe€general€principle€in€criminal€cases€is€that€there€is€a€duty€upon€the€trial€court€to€š šgive€aŠ 8 ˆ Šcomplete€charge€of€the€law€applicable€to€the€facts€of€the€case€and€the€defendant€has€a€right€to€haveŠ $ t Ševery€issue€of€fact€raised€by€the€evidence€and€material€to€his€defense€submitted€to€the€jury€uponŠ  ` Šproper€instructions€by€the€judge.šš€€ņņState€v.€Simsóó,€45€S.W.3d€1,€9€(Tenn.€2001)€(citing€ņņState€v.Š ü L  ŠThompsonóó,€519€S.W.2d€789,€792€(Tenn.€1975)).€€In€determining€whether€a€defense€instruction€isŠ č 8  Šraised€by€the€evidence,€the€court€must€examine€the€evidence€in€the€light€most€favorable€to€theŠ Ō$  Šdefendant€to€determine€whether€there€is€evidence€that€reasonable€minds€could€accept€as€to€thatŠ Ą  Šdefense.€ņņóó€ņņState€v.€Bultóó,€989€S.W.2d€730,€733€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1998);€ņņsee€alsoóó€ņņJohnson€v.€Stateóó,€531Š ¬ü  ŠS.W.2d€558,€559€(Tenn.€1975)Ō#†¼ Y»XXW…nĄ#ŌŌ‡XW…X»¼ YŌ.€€When€the€entire€charge,€read€as€a€whole,€fully€and€fairly€sets€out€theŠ ˜č  Šapplicable€law,€the€trial€judge€does€not€err€in€denying€a€special€instruction€requested€by€a€party€orŠ „Ō  Šin€denying€an€inaccurate€or€inapplicable€€instruction€to€the€case€at€hand.€€ņņState€v.€Bohananóó,€745Š pĄ ŠS.W.2d€892,€897€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1987).€€Š \¬ ŠĢą  ąIn€the€context€of€a€doctor„patient€relationship€where€sexual€contact€is€accomplished€by€fraud,Š 4„ Šconsent€is€not€a€defense.€€ņņState€v.€Tizardóó,€897€S.W.2d€732,€742€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1994)€(citingŠ  p ŠTenn.€Code€Ann.€šš€39„11„106€(a)(9)(A)׃ׯ ƒ#ĆŻņņŚ  Ś1Ś  ŚóóŻ  Ż×  ׀(1997)).€€The€explanation€for€this€being€that€the€patientŠ  \ Šconsents€to€the€touching€in€reliance€upon€the€š šinherent€trust€and€confidence€which€a€patient€seekingŠ ųH Šmedical€care€places€in€the€physician€and€upon€which€a€patient€relies€in€allowing€the€physician€accessŠ ä4 Što€the€most€intimate€parts€of€the€body.ššņ ņ€€ó óņņId.óó€at€742„43.€€Therefore,€the€patientššs€consent,€since€it€isŠ Š  Šinduced€by€the€physicianššs€fraudulent€representation€that€the€doctorššs€touching€is€for€medicalŠ Ą Špurposes,€is€not€a€defense€to€the€doctorššs€sexual€assault.€€Accordingly,€the€trial€court€correctly€deniedŠ ¬ü Šthe€Defendantššs€request€for€an€instruction€on€consent€as€to€the€sexual€battery€charge.Š ˜č ŠĢą  ąThis€issue,€however,€is€made€more€complicated€because€the€trial€court€also€properlyŠ pĄ Šinstructed€the€jury€on€assault€as€a€lesser„included€offense€of€sexual€battery,€and€the€jury€found€theŠ \ ¬ ŠDefendant€guilty€of€assault€and€not€sexual€battery.€€Consent€is€a€defense€to€assault.€€ņņSeeóó€ņņState€v.Š H!˜ ŠMcKnightóó,€900€S.W.2d€36,€49€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1994)€(stating€š š[T]e€consent€of€the€victim€is€noŠ 4"„  Šdefense€to€statutory€rape.€€The€same€does€not€hold€true€for€assault.šš).Ō‡XgÉ XXXW…ŌŠ  #p! ŠŌ#†XW…X XXgÉĘŌ#ŌŌ#†¼ Y»XXW…1Ģ#ŌŌ‡XW…X»¼ YŌŠ  $\" Šą  ąWhen€discussing€the€proposed€jury€instructions€with€the€two€parties€in€the€case€underŠ ° Šsubmission,€the€trial€court€stated€that€it€intended€to€charge€the€jury€with€the€following€instruction:€Š œģ ŠĢą8  ąDoctor€Denton€denies€he€had€sexual€contact€with€Tennessee€Bureau€of€InvestigationŠ tÄ ŠSpecial€Agent€Patrice€Schermerhorn€as€defined€above€and€charged€in€Case€NumberŠ `° Š98„538.€€Dr.€Denton€alternatively€asserts€that€any€claimed€sexual€contact€by€DoctorŠ L œ ŠDenton€with€Agent€Schermerhorn€was€with€her€consent.€€A€willing€act€of€sexualŠ 8 ˆ Šintimacy€between€persons€of€sufficient€age€is€not€criminal€sexual€contact.Š$ tŠ Š  ŠĢWhile€the€trial€judge€told€the€parties€that€he€intended€to€so€charge€the€jury,€he€omitted€this€instructionŠ ü L  Šfrom€the€jury€charge.€€When€the€Defendant€objected€to€the€trial€courtššs€omission€of€this€instruction,Š č 8  Šthe€trial€court€noted€that€the€Defendant€claimed€that€he€did€not€have€sexual€contact€with€the€agentŠ Ō$  Šand€that,€therefore,€he€would€not€charge€the€jury€š šalternativelyšš€with€a€consent€instruction.€Š Ą  ŠAccordingly,€the€trial€court€overruled€the€Defendantššs€objection.€€It€is€from€that€ruling€that€theŠ ¬ü  ŠDefendant€appeals.Š ˜č  ŠĢą  ąWe€find€that,€considering€the€evidence€presented€at€trial€in€the€light€most€favorable€to€theŠ pĄ ŠDefendant,€reasonable€minds€could€accept€the€defense€of€consent€when€considering€the€lesser„Š \¬ Šincluded€offense€of€assault.€€Ō‡XgÉ XXXW…ŌWhile€the€trial€court€aptly€noted€that€the€Defendant€presented€š šalternateššŠ H˜ Štheories€of€defense,€we€note€that€this€does€not€necessarily€preclude€an€instruction€on€both€theories.€Š 4„ ŠThe€Tennessee€Supreme€Court€has€held€trial€counsel€ineffective€when€counsel€failed€to€developŠ  p Šalternative€theories€of€defense.€€ņņSeeóó€ņņState€v.€Honeycuttóó,€54€S.W.3d€762,€768€(Tenn.€2001).€€It€wouldŠ  \ Šfollow€that€when€effective€counsel€develops€alternative€theories€of€defense,€the€trial€court€shouldŠ ųH Šinstruct€the€jury€upon€these€theories,€assuming€that€the€aforementioned€requirements€are€met.Ō#†XW…X XXgÉ Ü#ŌŌ#†¼ Y»XXW…@Õ#ŌŌ‡XW…X»¼ YԀРä4 ŠTherefore,€we€must€look€to€see€if€the€requirements€of€the€requested€consent€instruction€ar