ÿWPC´  öA»ãSs}ŠÔ܃¾p¦· Ö壛 DçÁæNn˜‹·ðvÔql s¦j¡êñø Rír¿.Ä8¢r´*ô¦·ŠÎè” °Œ€ ù³ðÕyÁ‚cTïõÐr„е˜ãã —ßí*°Ñû«1°}*p ÄVüš„å>¹ º"–}wÖ¢‡§ï"~FÔ 9½R~fìV ×å€ñûjË™œøRŒ…CK:ío´< ØúC; I´‚x!:p®¡V¿Ý]z9"èóæ&îDŒfHŽIOò à?êz&w©SÓMLæù„>5\ak¯Ÿ4 ÍÄjÕŒOè[Ò)˜\7¶bÜŒ+Çâ…Ž†²õ›Ñ1vÇ×>”¥Ik({r5èV# .Ç®Úg£•ˆÃ1®BzîÁ—§ö†¤dõ¿–í[vòW3!é…~Õߣ³ü€–ë2f^Y4Ï}²%(¥Ì xšL¬öùi¥ñ^øä,¥Û”ÝöÄ–“®MìMcfÓ3®ð3Ö†@‡Ã¬­UXu$}žç·ÂŸ®ÁÉ8|‰©3GcWS±L ‚±é>(uüè|µWs™³qw¸l³è‡´G§ß"x T Hßð|%د"c Ë5¨*# LU>W %• 0í›UBˆ4ÊÞn­íU:šfÔ:"Bw@d*¤-Î U:û û û û û û û û û û û û û û û û AQ5 Ɔ 0DL 0D 0DÔ Ô D/ BG Bd D3 ˜HP LaserJet 4HPPCL5MS,ü,,,,,ü0nLàÏ<èÀ( 9Z &Courier RegularX(ÅÕÐ$¡¡Ñ  ÑÑ7€'CXXdÈXXdÈ7ÑÑ  ÑÓ  ÓÓiU°X` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ (#€%Ø'0*ˆ,à.813è5@8˜:ð<H? A°œXiÓ<þ6X9`(*Courier 12pt10cpi:M+%3|x™«<þ6X9`(*Courier 12pt10cpiXXxþ6X@ÉJQX@,†r‰AZ‹"Arial Regular \Ñ\R AØ'ÿ Legal\Ñ Ñ Ü ÑÑ  Ñ …D†U‡DˆD‰Š‹ŒeŽÓ€ Ý ƒ"¯"ÝÝ  ÝÔ€X¼³XXXÔÔ€¨&XX¼³ÔÓ  ÓÔ Ad ÔFILEDÔ€X¼³X¨&ÔÐ  ÐÌò òSeptember€16,€1998Ð šš ÐÌCecil€Crowson,€Jr.ÌÔ€ôgöôXX¼³ÔAppellate€Court€Clerkó ó #Ñ#€Xÿÿd#Ñ,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular!"#$&Cþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(3¯$¢¢Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý(3¯$££Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó(('÷ÿ dxd düÿP Pd'''''ÿÿdxdÝ ƒÕÐ!ÝÑ  ÑÑ7€ëŸXXdÈXXdð7ÑÑ  ÑÓ  ÓÓiU°X` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ (#€%Ø'0*ˆ,à.813è5@8˜:ð<H? A°œXiÓÝ  ݛѰÑÑܰÑÒ°ÒÒX°ÒÑTR[¤ AØ'ÿ Legal3Ø' AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÓÓÑ€ †ÑÑ€ í:ÑÔ€ X¼³XXXÔÑ7€ ¼³ XXdæXXdÈ7ÑñŽñœßr€ )<,(j 8` `€€@E  ` ttx$Xð Õrß›ñŽñ€à8 ¸ àà@Ñ Ñ D¸ x¸ xàIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEˆÐ  Ðà@~~%DàAT€KNOXVILLEà@@66-Rà€€€€€€€€€ˆÌà ¸ àà  à€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€JULY€1998€SESSIONÌÌÓÓJERRY€WHITESIDE€DICKERSON,€)à  àÐ 80 Ѐà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à€€€)Ð   Ðà ¸ àœAppellñ‰ñant,ñ‰ññ‰ñee,›€ñ‰ñ›à h àà À à€€€)à  àNo.€03C01„9710„CR„00472Ð ü  Ðà ¸ à€€€€€à  àà h à€€à À à€€€)Ð êâ  Ðà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à€€€)à  àKnox€CountyÐ ÐÈ  Ðv.à ¸ àà  àà h àà À à€€€)€€€€€€€€€Ð ¶®  Ðà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à€€€)à  àHonorable€Richard€Baumgartner,€Judge€€€€€Ð œ”  Ðà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à€€€)ÌSTATE€OF€TENNESSEE,à h àà À à€€€)à  àœ(Post„Conviction)›Ð h` Ðà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à€€€)€€€€€€€€Ìà ¸ àœAppellñŠñeeñŠññŠñantñŠñ.›à h àà À à€€€)Ð 4, ÐÌÌÌòòFor€the€Appellantóó:à  àà h àà À àà  àòòFor€the€Appelleeóó:Ð ÌÄ ÐÌLeslie€M.€Jeffressà  àà h àà À àà  àJohn€Knox€Walkupà  àà x àÐ ˜ Ð1776€Riverview€Towerà h àà À àà  àAttorney€General€of€TennesseeÐ ~v Ð900€S.€Gay€Street€à  àà h àà À àà  àà p àandà È àà  àà x àà Ð àÐ d\ ÐKnoxville,€TN€37902à h àà À àà  àEllen€H.€PollackÐ JB Ðà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àAssistant€Attorney€General€of€Tennessee€¼à ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à425€Fifth€Avenue€Northà x àà Ð àÐ ! Ðà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àNashville,€TN€37243„0493ÌÌà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àRandall€E.€NicholsÌà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àDistrict€Attorney€GeneralÌà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à€à p àandÐ ”%Œ" Ðà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àMarsha€SelecmanÌà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àAssistant€District€Attorney€GeneralÌà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àCity„County€BuildingÌà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àKnoxville,€TN€37902ÌÌÌOPINION€FILED:____________________ÌÌÌAFFIRMEDÌÌJoseph€M.€TiptonÌJudgeÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÓÓà@DD/Dàòòò òˆÐ  X9P28S МÑ€:ÁÑ›à@õõ)DàO€P€I€N€I€O€Nó óóóà@@DD/DàˆÐ  ÐÌà ¸ àThe€petitioner,€Jerry€Whiteside€Dickerson,€appeals€as€of€right€from€theÏKnox€County€Criminal€Courtððs€order€denying€him€post„conviction€relief€from€his€1992Ïconvictions€for€first€degree€murder€and€especially€aggravated€robbery€for€which€he€isÏpresently€serving€an€effective€sentence€of€life€imprisonment.€€He€contends€that€the€trialÏcourt€erred€in€holding€that€he€received€the€effective€assistance€of€counsel.€€We€affirmÏthe€trial€court.ÌÌà ¸ àThe€opinion€in€the€direct€appeal€reflects€that€police€found€the€fingerprintsÏof€John€Tory€at€the€scene€of€the€victimððs€murder.€€Under€questioning,€Tory€implicatedÏthe€petitioner€and€two€other€individuals.€€Upon€later€questioning,€the€petitioner€admittedÏto€participating,€but€he€claimed€at€trial€that€he€was€forced€to€participate€by€Tory.€€òòState€v.Ð ¤œ ÐDickersonóó,€885€S.W.2d€90,€91€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1993),€òòappóó.€òòdeniedóó€(Tenn.€Nov.€29,Ð ph Ð1993).€€ÌÌà ¸ àThe€petitioner€presents€multiple€complaints€about€his€appointed€attorneyððsÏrepresentation€of€him€in€the€convicting€case.€€Under€the€post„conviction€law€controllingÏthis€case,€the€burden€was€on€the€petitioner€in€the€trial€court€to€prove€by€aÏpreponderance€of€the€evidence€the€factual€allegations€that€would€entitle€him€to€relief.€ÏòòBrooks€v.€Stateóó,€756€S.W.2d€288,€289€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1988).€€On€appeal,€we€areÐ +ü#( Ðbound€by€the€trial€courtððs€findings€of€fact€unless€we€conclude€that€the€evidence€in€theÏrecord€preponderates€against€those€findings.€€òòBlack€v.€Stateóó,€794€S.W.2d€752,€755Ð œ.”', Ð(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1990).€€In€this€respect,€the€petitioner€has€the€burden€of€illustratingÏhow€the€evidence€preponderates€against€the€judgment€entered.€€ÌÌà ¸ àUnder€the€Sixth€Amendment,€when€a€claim€of€ineffective€assistance€ofÏcounsel€is€made,€the€burden€is€upon€the€petitioner€to€show€(1)€that€counsel'sÐ ˜706 Ðperformance€was€deficient€and€(2)€that€the€deficiency€was€prejudicial€in€terms€ofÏrendering€a€reasonable€probability€that€the€result€of€the€trial€was€unreliable€or€theÏproceedings€œwere€fundamentally›€unfair.€€òòStrickland€v.€Washingtonóó,€466€U.S.€668,€687,Ð   ˜ Ð104€S.€Ct.€2052,€2064€(1984);€òòseeóó€òòLockhart€v.€Fretwellóó,€506€U.S.€364,€369„72,€113€S.Ð l d ÐCt.€838,€842„44€(1993).€€The€òòStricklandóó€standard€has€been€applied,€as€well,€to€the€rightÐ 80 Ðto€counsel€under€Article€I,€Section€9€of€the€Tennessee€Constitution.€€òòState€v.€Melsonóó,Ð ü  Ð772€S.W.2d€417,€419€n.2€(Tenn.€1989).€€€ÌÌà ¸ àIn€òòBaxter€v.€Roseóó,€523€S.W.2d€930,€936€(Tenn.€1975),€our€supreme€courtÐ h` Ðdecided€that€attorneys€should€be€held€to€the€general€standard€of€whether€the€servicesÏrendered€were€within€the€range€of€competence€demanded€of€attorneys€in€criminalÏcases.€€Further,€the€court€stated€that€the€range€of€competence€was€to€be€measured€byÏthe€duties€and€criteria€set€forth€in€òòBeasley€v.€United€Statesóó,€491€F.2d€687,€696€(6th€Cir.Ð ˜ М1974),›€and€òòUnited€States€v.€DeCosteróó,€487€F.2d€1197,€1202„04€(D.C.€Cir.€1973).€€Also,Ð d\ Ðin€reviewing€counsel's€conduct,€a€"fair€assessment€of€attorney€performance€requiresÏthat€every€effort€be€made€to€eliminate€the€distorting€effects€of€hindsight,€to€reconstructÏthe€circumstances€of€counsel's€challenged€conduct,€and€to€evaluate€the€conduct€fromÏcounsel's€perspective€at€the€time."€€òòStricklandóó,€466€U.S.€at€689,€104€S.€Ct.€at€2065;€òòseeóóÐ ”%Œ" ÐòòHellard€v.€Stateóó,€629€S.W.2d€4,€9€(Tenn.€1982)€(counsel's€conduct€will€not€be€measuredÐ `'X $ Ðby€"20„20€hindsight").€€Thus,€the€fact€that€a€particular€strategy€or€tactic€failed€or€evenÏhurt€the€defense€does€not,€alone,€support€a€claim€of€ineffective€assistance.€€DeferenceÏis€made€to€trial€strategy€or€œtactical›€choices€if€they€are€informed€ones€based€uponÏadequate€preparation.€€òòSeeóó€òòHellardóó,€629€S.W.2d€at€9;€òòDeCosteróó,€487€F.2d€at€1201.€€Ð .ˆ', ÐÌà ¸ àAlso,€we€note€that€the€approach€to€the€issue€of€the€ineffective€assistanceÏof€counsel€does€not€have€to€start€with€an€analysis€of€an€attorney's€conduct.€€If€prejudiceÏis€not€shown,€we€need€not€seek€to€determine€the€validity€of€the€allegations€of€deficientÏperformance.€€òòStricklandóó,€466€U.S.€at€697,€104€S.€Ct.€at€2069.€€Ð Œ7„06 ÐÑ  í::ÁÑÑÜÜÑÑÑÑ7€{ÞXXdÈ XXdæ7ÑÑ  Ñà ¸ àFirst,€the€petitioner€complains€about€his€attorneyððs€failure€to€interview€JohnÐ  ÐTory€or€to€call€him€as€a€witness€relative€to€the€petitionerððs€duress€defense.€€At€the€post„¼conviction€hearing,€the€attorney€testified€that€he€had€attended€Toryððs€trial€and€watchedÏTory€testify.€€He€said€that€Tory€was€a€person€of€small€stature€and€he€did€not€think€ToryÏhad€anything€to€say€that€would€support€the€petitionerððs€defense.€€The€trial€court€foundÏthat€the€attorneyððs€decision€not€to€use€Tory€was€legitimate€trial€strategy.€€We€tend€toÏagree€under€the€record€before€us.€€In€any€event,€we€note€that€Tory€did€not€testify€at€theÏhearing.€€Thus,€the€petitioner€has€failed€to€show€any€prejudice€resulting€from€Tory€notÏtestifying.€€ÌÌà ¸ àSecond,€the€petitioner€complains€about€the€attorney€opening€the€door€toÏthe€admission€into€evidence€of€codefendant€Cynthia€Bellððs€hearsay€statement€through€aÏpolice€detectiveððs€testimony.€€The€attorney€elicited€from€the€detective€in€cross„¼examination€that€Bell€said€that€Tory€had€threatened€her€with€a€pistol,€œthe›€attorneyÏthereby€attempting€to€show€by€implication€that€the€petitioner€had€been€coerced,€as€well.€ÏHowever,€the€state€was€allowed€to€prove€that€Bell€had€also€said€that€the€petitionerÏwanted€to€return€to€the€victimððs€home.€€At€the€evidentiary€hearing,€the€attorney€testifiedÏthat€he€was€fully€aware€of€the€risks,€but€he€thought€it€most€important€to€show€thatÏanother€participant€was€being€forced€by€Tory.€€The€trial€court€found€the€attorneyððsÏactions€to€be€legitimate€trial€strategy.€€The€record€supports€this€conclusion.€€ÌÌà ¸ àThird,€the€petitioner€complains€about€the€attorney€not€getting€a€copy€of€theÏevaluation€notes€made€during€the€petitionerððs€psychological€evaluation€which€wereÏultimately€used€by€the€state€to€impeach€the€petitionerððs€testimony€through€inconsistentÏstatements.€€The€petitioner€testified€at€the€post„conviction€hearing€that€if€he€had€knownÏabout€the€statements,€he€would€not€have€wanted€to€testify.€€The€attorney€acknowledgedÏthat€he€was€unaware€of€the€notes€and€of€the€fact€that€they€contained€the€petitionerððsÏstatements€regarding€the€events.€€He€said€that€the€petitioner€did€not€tell€him€that€the€œñ„ñÐ Œ7„06 Їñ„ññ…ññ„ñÌÌÌñ„ññ…ññ†ñÌñ†ñpetitioner›€had€talked€about€the€events€during€the€evaluation.€€He€said€that€he€mightÏhave€tried€to€œstay€away›€from€the€inconsistent€œareasñ‡ñ,ñ‡ñ›€if€he€had€known€of€themÏbeforehand.€€However,€he€asserted€that€he€still€would€have€wanted€the€petitioner€toÏœtestifyñˆñ,ñˆñ›€because€it€was€the€main€way€to€present€his€duress€defense.€€The€trial€court€foundÏthat€the€attorneyððs€decisions€were€reasonable,€and€it€stated€that€in€the€context€of€theÏoverall€trial,€the€incident€made€no€difference€and€did€not€suggest€that€the€case€ended€inÏa€questionable€result.€€The€record€supports€these€conclusions.€€ÌÌà ¸ àFourth,€the€petitioner€complains€about€the€attorney€not€appealing€the€trialÏcourtððs€denial€of€his€motion€to€suppress€the€statement€that€he€had€given€to€the€police.€ÏAt€the€hearing,€the€attorney€testified€that€he€did€not€appeal€this€issue€because€heÏbelieved€that€it€had€no€merit.€€The€trial€court€found€that€this€was€an€appropriate€decisionÏin€that€there€was€no€merit€to€the€issue.€€The€œpetitioner€has›€not€shown€otherwise€in€thisÏappeal.€€The€record€supports€the€trial€courtððs€conclusion.ÌÌà ¸ àLast,€the€petitioner€claims€that€the€low€rate€of€compensation€paid€toÏappointed€counsel€prohibited€his€attorney€from€being€effective.€€The€attorney€testifiedÏthat€the€quality€of€his€representation€was€not€driven€by€the€œññ›ññquañ‹ñnñ‹ññ‹ñliñ‹ñtñŒñitñŒñyññ›ññññññ€of€his€compensation.€ÏHe€said€he€met€with€the€petitioner€twenty€to€thirty€times,€interviewed€the€stateððsÏwitnesses,€œperformed›€legal€research,€and€conducted€discovery.€€The€trial€court€foundÏthat€the€attorney€prepared€properly€for€a€difficult€case,€noting€that€the€petitioner€hadÏalready€given€an€incriminating€statement€to€the€police.€€The€record€supports€the€trialÏcourtððs€findings.€Ì̜Р ô3ì,2 Ðñƒñ›à ¸ àWe€conclude€that€the€petitioner€has€failed€to€show€that€the€trial€court€erredÏin€any€of€its€findings€and€conclusions.€€Considering€the€foregoing€and€the€record€as€aÏwhole,€we€affirm€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court.ÌÌÓÓœñ€ñà ¸ à›à ¸ àñ€ñ›à ¸ àà  àà h àœñ‚ñà À àñ‚ññƒñ›ñƒññ‚ñà  àñ‚ñ›à p à____________________________Ìà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àà p àJoseph€M.€Tipton,€Judge€ÌÌœññÐ  º ² Ðññ›ññÑ †ÑÑTR[  AØ'ÿ Legal[  AØ'ÿ Legal AØ'ÿ Legal AØ'ÿ LegalTÑÑ  ÑññCONCUR:ÌÌÌÌ____________________________ÌGary€R.€Wade,€Presiding€Judge€ÌÌÌÌ____________________________ÌDavid€H.€Welles,€Judge€ÌÌÌÌÌà ¸ à€€€Ì