ÿWPC  è›ÜðÂÒ5np•Ó)žÿËN"0wjªT&í„àû/ÔÞõ&™e'»ž‚ÐP¦¯7 ÐÔ_ÔMcgeeÔ_Ô€OgleÔ#†XÞ­XàXÞ­è #ÔÔ‡XÞ­XàXÞ­Ôóó,€JJ.,€joined.Ð Ô$ ÐÌSteve€Ô_ÔMcEwenÔ_Ô,€Mountain€City,€Tennessee;€Comer€Donnell,€District€Public€Defender,€for€theÐ  ð Ðappellant,€Reginald€T.€Donnell.Ð † Ö  ÐÌPaul€G.€Summers,€Attorney€General€and€Reporter;€Clinton€J.€Morgan,€Assistant€Attorney€General,Ð R"¢" ÐRobert€Ô_ÔHibbettÔ_Ô,€Assistant€District€Attorney;€David€Durham,€Assistant€District€Attorney,€for€theÐ 8#ˆ# Ðappellee,€State€of€Tennessee.Ð $n$ ÐÓ; ÓÌà@55'ìàò òOPINIONó óˆÐ ê%:!& ÐÌò òÓ  ÓFACTSó óÐ ¶'#( ÐÌÓÓÓÓÓ  ÓÓ  Óà  àOn€the€evening€of€July€9,€1997,€the€Defendant€fired€shots€on€Lake€Street€in€the€UptonÐ ‚)Ò$* ÐHeights€housing€projects€in€Lebanon,€Tennessee.€€After€Defendant€stopped€shooting,€witnessesÐ h*¸%+ Ðfound€the€wounded€bodies€of€Brenda€Corder€and€Ô_ÔDeonÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔStarksÔ_Ô€lying€at€two€different€points€and€onÐ N+ž&, Ðopposite€sides€of€the€street.€€The€victims€were€still€alive,€when€initially€noticed€by€the€witnesses.Ð 4,„'- ÐÐ -j(.E ÐÔ_Ôà  àLakisha€Weir€testified€that€on€July€9,€1997,€Shagina€Clark,€Lula€Wade,€WadeððsÐ ° Ðgranddaughter€and€herself,€drove€to€the€Upton€Heights€projects€looking€for€Derrick€Neal.€€WeirÐ –æ Ðtestified€that€as€they€drove€down€the€street,€they€saw€Derrick€Neal€standing€at€an€area€called€ð ðtheÐ |Ì Ðrails.ðð€(ð ðThe€railsðð€is€an€area€where€guard€rails€cross€over€a€creek€bed.)€€Weir€further€claimed€thatÐ b² Ðwhen€they€stopped€at€ð ðthe€railsðð,€she€told€Darrell€Muncie€that€he€should€pay€her€back€the€money€heÐ H˜ Ðowed€her,€and€Muncie€said€he€would€pay€her.€€Then,€Weir€explained€that€she€said€ð ðf__€youðð€to€theÐ . ~ ÐDefendant€and€he€said€ð ðf__€youðð€in€return.€€Weir€stated€that€she€and€the€Defendant€were€just€playing,Ð  d Ðas€they€always€did.€€Weir€testified€that€as€she€and€her€friends€drove€off,€she€heard€shooting€and€sawÐ ú J Ðthat€it€was€the€Defendant€shooting.€€She€claimed€that€the€Defendant€was€the€only€person€she€sawÐ à 0 Ðshooting€that€night.Ð Æ   ÐÌà  àOn€cross€examination,€Weir€admitted€that€she€and€the€Defendant€were€best€friends.€€SheÐ ’â  Ðstated€that€she€and€the€Defendant€were€not€mad€at€each€other€and€that€she€did€not€believe€he€wasÐ xÈ  Ðtrying€to€shoot€and€kill€her.€€She€testified€that€as€they€were€driving€down€the€street,€a€young€womanÐ ^®  Ðran€out€in€front€of€the€car€and€stopped€them.€€Weir€explained€that€this€young€woman€told€them€thatÐ D”  ÐDeon€Starks€had€been€shot.€Weir€said€that€she€pulled€the€car€over€and€went€to€where€Deon€StarksÐ *z  Ðwas€lying.€€Weir€said€she€was€with€Starks€until€the€ambulance€arrived.Ð ` ÐÌà  àLula€Wade€testified€that€she€and€her€granddaughter,€along€with€Lakisha€Weir€and€ShaginaÐ Ü, ÐClark,€went€to€the€Upton€Heights€housing€projects€on€July€9,€1997,€to€look€for€one€of€ShaginaÐ Â ÐClarkððs€friends.€€When€they€approached€ð ðthe€railsðð,€she€saw€the€Defendant€standing€there€with€otherÐ ¨ø Ðpeople.€€Wade€was€sitting€in€the€back€seat€of€the€car,€when€she€heard€the€Defendant€tell€ShaginaÐ ŽÞ ÐClark€to€go€back€to€the€west€side€before€he€started€shooting.€€She€stated€that€everyone€was€laughingÐ tÄ Ðand€playing€as€they€were€talking.€€As€the€women€were€leaving,€but€before€they€could€do€more€thanÐ Zª Ð(5)€miles€per€hour,€the€Defendant€began€shooting.€€€Wade€testified€that,€at€this€point,€a€woman€cameÐ @ Ðby€and€told€her€to€get€her€granddaughter€down.€€She€took€her€granddaughter€out€of€the€car€seat,€laidÐ &v Ðher€on€the€floor€of€the€car€and€then€she€lay€on€top€of€her.€€She€recalled€hearing€approximately€threeÐ  \ Ðshots€fired.€€Shortly€after€that,€she€stated€she€heard€two€more€shots.€€She€further€claimed€that€she€wasÐ òB Ðafraid.€€Ð Ø( ÐÌà  àAt€this€point,€Cretia€Logue€ran€out,€stopped€their€car€and€told€them€that€Deon€had€been€shot.€Ð ¤ô ÐWade,€Weir€and€Clark€got€out€of€the€car€and€went€to€Deon.€Upon€seeing€Deon,€Wade€called€DeonððsÐ Š Ú Ðgrandmotherððs€house€and€told€Deonððs€brother€that€Deon€had€been€shot.€€Lula€Wade€noticed€thatÐ p!À  ÐDeon€was€shot€in€his€lower€back.€€While€Wade€was€with€Deon€she€heard€people€saying€that€anotherÐ V"¦! Ðperson€had€been€shot.€€Wade€stayed€with€Deon€until€the€ambulance€arrived.Ð <#Œ" ÐÌà  àShagina€Clark€testified€that€she€was€riding€around€with€Lacretia€Weir,€Lula€Wade€andÐ %X $ ÐWadeððs€granddaughter€on€the€night€of€July€9,€1997.€€The€women€had€gone€to€Murfreesboro€and€wereÐ î%>!% Ðreturning€to€Lebanon.€€They€were€almost€out€of€gas€and€needed€money€for€more€gas.€€ClarkÐ Ô&$"& Ðsuggested€that€they€ride€through€Upton€Heights€to€look€for€one€of€her€friends,€and€ask€him€for€someÐ º' #' Ðmoney.€€As€they€were€driving€through€the€housing€projects,€Clark€noticed€her€friend,€Derrick€NealÐ  (ð#( Ðand€others€standing€near€ð ðthe€railsðð.€€She€asked€Neal€for€$3,€which€he€stated€he€did€not€have.€€WhileÐ †)Ö$) ÐClark€was€talking€with€Derrick€Neal,€Lakeisha€Weir€and€the€Defendant€were€talking.€€As€Clark€andÐ l*¼%* ÐWeir€began€to€leave,€Clark€testified€that€she€heard€Weir€say€ð ðf__€you€Tyroneðð€and€the€DefendantÐ R+¢&+ Ðresponded€ð ðF__€you,€bitch.€Go€back€to€the€east€side.ðð€€Clark€stated€that€as€they€pulled€away€fromÐ 8,ˆ', Ðð ðthe€railsðð,€she€heard€between€five€(5)€and€seven€(7)€shots€fired€from€behind€them.€€€She€claimed€thatÐ ° Ðshe€tried€to€get€down€because€she€did€not€want€to€get€shot.Ð –æ ÐÌà  àClark€testified€that€as€they€were€driving€away,€they€saw€people€ducking€under€trees€and€theyÐ b² Ðbegan€to€laugh.€€At€that€point,€Cretia€Whitney€stopped€the€women€and€told€them€that€Deon€StarksÐ H˜ Ðhad€been€shot.€€They€pulled€over€to€the€side€of€the€street€and€went€to€check€on€Deon.€€Clark€statedÐ . ~ Ðthat€she€told€Lula€Wade€to€call€Deonððs€grandmotherððs€house€to€let€them€know€Deon€was€shot.€Ð  d ÐÌà  àShawrekia€Logue€testified€that,€on€the€night€of€July€9,€1997,€she€was€standing€at€ð ðthe€railsððÐ à 0 Ðtalking€with€her€boyfriend€when€the€car€carrying€Weir,€Wade€and€Clark€stopped€at€ð ðthe€railsðð.€€SheÐ Æ   Ðsaw€the€women€talking€with€the€Defendant€and€others€standing€at€ð ðthe€railsðð,€but€she€did€not€hearÐ ¬ ü  Ðtheir€conversation.€€As€the€women€in€the€car€were€driving€away,€Logue€saw€the€Defendant€pull€outÐ ’â  Ða€gun€and€start€shooting.€€Logue€claimed€that€she€told€the€Defendant€to€stop€shooting,€because€herÐ xÈ  Ðmother€and€daughter€were€across€the€street.€€Logue€stated€that€she€heard€more€than€one€shot€fired,Ð ^®  Ðbut€she€did€not€know€the€exact€number€of€shots€fired.€€Logue€testified€that€her€mother€called€herÐ D”  Ðacross€the€street€to€help€cover€Brenda€Corder,€who€had€been€shot.€€Afterwards,€the€Defendant€walkedÐ *z  Ðover€to€where€Brenda€Corderððs€body€was€and€she€heard€him€say€that€ð ðif€he€wouldððve€shot€her,€heÐ ` Ðwouldnððt€be€standing€there.ðð€€Then,€Logue€testified€that€after€she€heard€that€Deon€had€also€been€shot,Ð öF Ðshe€went€to€where€he€was€lying.€€Logue€said€that€she€did€not€see€anyone€else€shooting€that€night.€Ð Ü, ÐLogue€admitted€that€the€Defendant€and€Brenda€Corder€were€her€relatives.Ð Â ÐÌà  àRoy€Nunley,€Brenda€Corderððs€brother,€testified€that€while€he€and€the€Defendant€were€in€theÐ ŽÞ ÐWilson€County€jail,€he€asked€the€Defendant€if€he€killed€Brenda€Corder.€€Defendant€responded€thatÐ tÄ Ðhe€did€not€know€if€he€killed€Corder€and€that€if€he€(Defendant)€did€kill€her,€he€did€not€mean€to.€Ð Zª ÐNunley€testified€that€he€thought€the€Defendant€was€telling€him€the€truth.Ð @ ÐÌà  àBonessa€Hastings€testified€that€she€saw€her€best€friend€and€the€Defendant€in€some€bushesÐ  \ Ðnear€305€Sycamore€Street€in€Wilson€County,€Tennessee€on€the€night€of€July€9,€1997.€€Hastings€statedÐ òB Ðthat€Defendant€asked€her€to€go€to€his€grandmotherððs€house€and€get€a€gun€from€the€backyard€andÐ Ø( Ðdestroy€it.€€Hastings€explained€that€she€told€the€Defendant€that€she€knew€the€two€people€who€hadÐ ¾ Ðdied€in€the€projects€that€night.€€Hastings€stated€the€Defendant€told€her€that€the€shooting€was€anÐ ¤ô Ðaccident€and€that€he€was€shooting€up€in€the€air.€€Hastings€further€testified€that€the€Defendant€told€herÐ Š Ú Ðthat€the€shots€were€meant€for€a€black€car€containing€Horace€Nunley,€Ð p!À  ÐTimmy€Cason,€Tony€Logue€and€Derrick€Logue.€€She€said€Defendant€told€her€that€he€and€the€peopleÐ V"¦! Ðin€the€black€car€were€shooting€at€each€other.Ð <#Œ" ÐÌà  àOn€cross€examination,€Hastings€admitted€that€at€the€time€all€these€events€took€place€she€wasÐ %X $ Ðon€crack€cocaine.€€She€also€explained€that€since€then€she€had€been€through€a€rehabilitation€program.Ð î%>!% ÐÌà  àDarrell€Muncie€testified€that€he€and€the€Defendant€were€at€ð ðthe€railsðð€on€the€night€of€July€9,Ð º' #' Ð1997.€€Muncie€asserted€he€saw€the€Defendant€with€a€handgun€and€he€heard€the€Defendant€talk€aboutÐ  (ð#( Ðhaving€a€.380€caliber€gun.€€Muncie€stated€that€before€the€shooting,€he€and€the€Defendant€were€talkingÐ †)Ö$) Ðand€joking€with€LaKeisha€Weir€and€Shagina€Clark.€€The€Defendant€told€Weir€and€Clark€to€get€outÐ l*¼%* Ðâ âof€there€before€he€started€shooting.€€Immediately€after€the€women€began€driving€away,€the€DefendantÐ R+¢&+ Ðstarted€shooting€and€they€all€ran.€€Muncie€said€he€did€not€see€the€Defendant€shoot€anyone,€but€he€sawÐ ° Ðthe€Defendant€shooting€in€the€air.€€Ð –æ Ðâ âÌà  àJerrod€Hurd€testified€that,€on€the€night€of€July€9,€1997,€he€was€standing€outside€in€the€UptonÐ b² ÐHeights€housing€projects€with€his€sister,€when€he€saw€Deon€Starks€walking€toward€his€home.€€HurdÐ H˜ Ðexplained€that€on€the€same€night,€he€saw€the€Defendant€and€approximately€fourteen€(14€)€otherÐ . ~ Ðpeople€standing€about€fifteen€or€twenty€yards€away€at€ð ðthe€railsðð.€€Hurd€stated€that,€at€some€point,Ð  d Ðhe€heard€three€gun€shots€fired.€€He€testified€that€he€did€not€see€who€shot€the€first€two€shots,€but€thatÐ ú J Ðhe€witnessed€the€Defendant€firing€the€third€shot€into€the€air.€€The€Defendant€was€not€shooting€atÐ à 0 Ðanyone€else.€€Hurd€explained€that,€on€the€night€in€question,€he€did€not€see€anyone€else€shooting€orÐ Æ   Ðcarrying€a€weapon.Ð ¬ ü  ÐÌà  àOfficer€Tommy€Maggart€testified€that,€at€approximately€9:32€p.m.€on€July€9,€1997,€he€wasÐ xÈ  Ðon€his€way€to€work€when€he€received€a€call€over€the€radio€about€a€possible€shooting€in€the€UptonÐ ^®  ÐHeights€housing€projects.€€When€he€arrived€at€Upton€Heights,€he€found€the€body€of€Deon€StarksÐ D”  Ðlying€in€the€front€yard€at€number€9.€€At€some€point,€he€went€down€the€street€to€181€Upton€HeightsÐ *z  Ðwhere€he€found€a€large€crowd€surrounding€the€body€of€Brenda€Corder,€lying€face€down.€€The€upperÐ ` Ðhalf€of€her€body€was€in€the€street€and€the€lower€half€on€the€sidewalk.€€Officer€Maggart€furtherÐ öF Ðexplained€that€the€upper€half€of€Brenda€Corderððs€body€was€under€a€tractor„trailer€truck,€parked€inÐ Ü, Ðfront€of€number€181.€€The€driver€of€the€truck€had€covered€Corderððs€body€with€a€blue€blanket.€Ð  ÐMaggart€stated€that€Brenda€Corder€had€what€appeared€to€be€a€bullet€wound€in€her€back,€but€she€wasÐ ¨ø Ðalive.€€Maggart€stayed€with€Corder€until€the€ambulance€arrived.€€Maggart€also€claimed€that€when€heÐ ŽÞ Ðarrived€in€Upton€Heights,€more€than€two€hundred€people€were€on€Lake€Street.€€Ð tÄ ÐÌà  àOfficer€Bob€Harrison€testified€that,€on€July€9,€1997,€he€responded€to€a€radio€call€about€aÐ @ Ðpossible€shooting€in€Upton€Heights.€€Officer€Harrison€testified€that€when€he€arrived€at€UptonÐ &v ÐHeights,€he€observed€the€body€of€Deon€Starks€face€down€between€number€8€and€number€9,€beingÐ  \ Ðattended€by€some€citizens€and€police€officers.€€When€the€ambulance€arrived,€they€turned€over€theÐ òB Ðcare€of€Starks€to€the€paramedics.€€Officer€Harrison€stated€that,€at€this€point,€Starks€was€still€alive.€Ð Ø( ÐHarrison€further€explained€that€both€Corder€and€Harrison€were€alive€when€the€EMTððs€took€them€toÐ ¾ ÐUniversity€Medical€Center.€€However,€both€died€within€a€matter€of€hours€and€the€EMTs€transportedÐ ¤ô Ðtheir€bodies€to€Dr.€Charles€Harlanððs€office€in€Nashville€for€autopsies.€€Ð Š Ú ÐÌà  àHarrison€testified€that€after€his€captain€appointed€him€lead€investigator€in€this€case,€heÐ V"¦! Ðreturned€to€Upton€Heights€to€take€some€measurements.€Officer€Harrison€stated€that€his€measurementÐ <#Œ" Ðfrom€a€dirt€strip€in€front€of€ð ðthe€railsðð€to€the€approximate€location€of€Corderððs€body€was€two€hundredÐ "$r# Ðthirty„seven€feet.€€The€distance€to€Starksðð€body€was€seven€hundred€thirty„nine€feet.€€Ð %X $ ÐÌà  àOfficer€Harrison€also€testified€that€he€went€to€the€office€of€Dr.€Harlan,€the€forensicÐ Ô&$"& Ðpathologist,€to€receive€a€projectile.€€He€stated€that€he€placed€the€projectile€in€an€envelope,€which€heÐ º' #' Ðsealed€and€signed€with€his€initials.€€Officer€Harrison€stated€that€he€took€the€projectile€to€the€StateÐ  (ð#( ÐCrime€Lab€in€Donelson.€€Ð †)Ö$) ÐÌà  àOfficer€Harrison€further€testified€that€he€received€shell€casings€from€Detective€Steve€Nokes,Ð R+¢&+ Ðwhich€he€sealed€in€an€envelope€and€signed€his€initials.€€Officer€Harrison€explained€that€he€placed€theÐ 8,ˆ', Ðenvelope€with€the€casings,€in€the€police€vault.€€The€following€day,€Officer€Harrison€took€the€casingsÐ ° Ðto€the€State€Crime€Lab€for€examination.€€Officer€Harrison€identified€these€various€exhibits€at€theÐ –æ Ðtrial.Ð |Ì ÐÌÓ@ ÓÓÓà  àHarrison€also€identified€a€photograph€of€the€crime€scene€taken€during€daylight€hours.€Ð H˜ ÐHarrison€used€the€photograph€to€show€the€location€of€ð ðthe€railsðð€and€to€show€approximately€whereÐ . ~ Ðthe€victimsðð€bodies€were€found.€€Harrison€further€stated€that€trees€cover€the€length€of€Lake€Street€andÐ  d Ðhang€over€the€sidewalk.€€Officer€Harrison€further€stated€that€based€upon€his€measurements,€theÐ ú J Ðapproximate€angle€between€the€two€victims€and€the€person€standing€at€ð ðthe€railsðð€was€seven€(7)Ð à 0 Ðdegrees.Ð Æ   ÐÌà  àDetective€Stephen€Nokes,€a€narcotics€investigator€for€the€Lebanon€Police€Department,Ð ’â  Ðtestified€that€on€the€night€of€July€9,€1997€he€found€three€spent€.380€semi„automatic€casings€at€theÐ xÈ  Ðcreek€near€ð ðthe€rails.ðð€€Nokes€tagged€and€photographed€the€spent€casings€and€gave€them€to€OfficerÐ ^®  ÐHarrison€to€take€into€evidence.€€Ð D”  ÐÌà  àDr.€Charles€Harlan€testified€that€he€performed€the€autopsies€on€the€bodies€of€Brenda€CorderÐ ` Ðand€Deon€Starks€on€July€10,€1997.€(€The€trial€court€permitted€Dr.€Harlan€to€use€twenty„two€(22)Ð öF Ðautopsy€photographs€during€his€testimony.)€€Dr.€Harlan€explained€that€twenty„five€(25)€year€oldÐ Ü, ÐDeon€Starks€died€of€a€gunshot€wound€to€the€abdomen€with€projectile€entry€at€the€right€buttock.€€Dr.Ð Â ÐHarlan€concluded€that€the€bullet€that€went€through€and€produced€a€fifty€(50)€percent€tear€in€the€rightÐ ¨ø Ðexternal€iliac€artery€caused€Deon€Starksðð€death.€€Dr.€Harlan€recovered€the€projectile€from€StarksððÐ ŽÞ Ðbody.Ð tÄ ÐÌà  àDr.€Harlan€further€testified€that€forty„one€(41)€year€old€Brenda€Corder€died€of€a€gunshotÐ @ Ðwound€to€the€chest.€€Harlan€stated€that€Corder€had€a€second€gunshot€wound,€where€a€bullet€grazedÐ &v Ðher€left€hand.€€Harlan€stated€that€the€bullet€entered€Corderððs€back€and€exited€through€her€chest;€andÐ  \ Ðthis€exit€wound€in€Corderððs€chest€prevented€the€recovery€of€a€projectile€from€her€body.€€On€crossÐ òB Ðexamination,€Dr.€Harlan€testified€that€he€did€not€know€if€the€bullet,€which€went€through€CorderððsÐ Ø( Ðchest€was€the€same€bullet€that€grazed€her€hand.€€He€also€stated€that€he€did€not€know€if€the€bullet(s)Ð ¾ Ðcame€from€the€same€direction.€€Ð ¤ô ÐÌà  àSpecial€Agent€Steve€Scott,€a€forensic€scientist€for€the€Tennessee€Bureau€of€Investigation,Ð p!À  Ðtestified€that€he€did€an€examination€of€the€bullet€found€in€Deon€Starksðð€body.€€Scott€identified€it€asÐ V"¦! Ða€.380€caliber€bullet,€fired€from€a€.380€semi„automatic€pistol.€€Agent€Scott€also€testified€that€the€threeÐ <#Œ" Ðspent€casings€recovered€at€the€scene€came€from€the€same€gun.€€Ð "$r# ÐÌà  àOn€cross€examination,€Agent€Scott€explained€that€he€did€not€match€the€bullet€found€in€DeonÐ î%>!% ÐStarks€to€either€of€the€three€casings€given€to€him€for€examination.€€Agent€Scott€further€testified€thatÐ Ô&$"& Ðhe€did€a€firing€test€with€a€.380€semi„automatic€on€a€sunny€day,€with€no€obstacles€in€the€firing€pathÐ º' #' Ðand€with€a€stationary€target.€€Scott€concluded€that€the€gun€used€during€the€firing€test€was€probablyÐ  (ð#( Ðidentical€to€the€one€used€to€kill€Corder€and€Starks.€€Further,€Scott€testified€that€he€had€difficultyÐ †)Ö$) Ðhitting€his€target€from€seventy„five€(75)€feet€away,€which€would€make€it€more€difficult€to€hit€a€targetÐ l*¼%* Ðâ âat€200€and€700€feet€away.€€Scott€explained€that€when€a€bullet€leaves€the€barrel€of€the€gun,€it€willÐ R+¢&+ Ðtravel€in€a€straight€line€until€the€pull€of€gravity€causes€it€to€fall€or€until€it€strikes€an€object€that€causesÐ ° Ðit€to€deflect€or€to€stop.Ð –æ Ðâ âÌà  àThe€Defendant€presented€no€proof€on€his€behalf.€€òòóóBased€on€this€evidence,€the€jury€found€theÐ b² ÐDefendant€guilty€of€two€counts€of€second€degree€murder.ÓÏEÓÐ H˜ ÐÓ^ Óò òÓ  ÓI.€Sufficiency€of€the€Evidenceó óÐ  d ÐÓÙVÓÓÓÓ  Óà  àÔ#†XÞ­XXXÞ­y #ÔWhen€a€Defendant€challenges€the€sufficiency€of€the€convicting€evidence€on€appeal,€this€CourtÐ à 0 Ðdoes€not€reweigh€or€reevaluate€the€evidence.€€òòState€v.€Cabbageóó,€571€S.W.2d€832,€835€(Tenn.€1978).€Ð Æ   ÐNeither€does€this€Court€substitute€its€inferences€for€those€drawn€by€the€trier€of€fact€from€theÐ ¬ ü  Ðcircumstantial€evidence.€€òòLiakas€v.€Stateóó,€199€Tenn.€298,€305€286€S.W.2d€856,€859€(1956).€€The€lawÐ ’â  Ðcompels€this€Court€to€grant€the€State€the€strongest€legitimate€view€of€the€evidence€contained€in€theÐ xÈ  Ðrecord€plus€all€reasonable€and€legitimate€inferences€that€may€be€drawn€from€the€evidence.€€òòState€v.Ð ^®  ÐTuttleóó,€914€S.W.2d€926,€932€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1995).€Ð D”  ÐÌà  àIt€is€upon€the€jury€to€resolve€questions€concerning€the€credibility€and€weight€of€the€witnessesððÐ ` Ðtestimony,€not€this€court.€€€òòState€v.€Darnellóó,€905€S.W.2d€953€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1995).€€€A€findingÐ öF Ðof€guilt€"shall€be€set€aside€if€the€evidence€is€insufficient€to€support€the€finding€by€the€trier€of€fact€ofÐ Ü, Ðguilt€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt.ðð€€Tenn.€R.€App.€P.€13(e);€€òòJackson€v.€Virginiaóó,€443€U.S.€307,€317,Ð Â Ð99€S.Ct.€2781,€2789,€61€L.Ed.2d€560€(1979).€€However,€a€jury€conviction€removes€the€presumptionÐ ¨ø Ðof€innocence€from€the€defendant€and€replaces€it€with€one€of€guilt.€€Thus,€on€appeal,€a€convictedÐ ŽÞ Ðdefendant€has€the€burden€of€establishing€the€insufficiency€of€the€evidence.€€òòState€v.€Tuggleóó,€639Ð tÄ ÐS.W.2d€913,€914€(Tenn.€1982).€€Ð Zª ÐÌà  àThese€standards€apply€to€jury€convictions€based€upon€direct€evidence,€circumstantialÐ &v Ðevidence,€or€a€combination€of€both.€€òòState€v.€Matthewsóó,€805€S.W.2d€776,€779€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.Ð  \ Ð1990).€€However,€convictions€based€solely€on€circumstantial€evidence,€require€facts€andÐ òB Ðcircumstances€that€are€so€overwhelming€as€to€exclude€any€other€explanation€except€the€defendant'sÐ Ø( Ðguilt.€€òòState€v.€Tharpeóó,€726€S.W.2d€896,€900€(Tenn.€1987).Ð ¾ ÐÌà  àIn€support€of€this€issue,€Defendant€contends€that€the€trial€court€violated€his€Fifth€AmendmentÐ Š Ú Ðright€to€due€process€by€instructing€the€jury€on€the€doctrine€of€transferred€intent.€€In€òòMillen€v.€Stateóó,Ð p!À  Ðthe€most€recent€opinion€from€our€supreme€court€regarding€transferred€intent,€the€Court€upheld€theÐ V"¦! Ðapplication€of€the€doctrine€in€first€degree€murder€cases€but€noted€that€€"unintended€victim"€cases€areÐ <#Œ" Ðmost€appropriately€prosecuted€as€felony€murder.€€òòMillen€v.€Stateóó,€988€S.W.2d€164,€167„68€(Tenn.Ð "$r# Ð1999).€€€The€Court€concluded€that€the€mens€rea€of€ð ðintentionally,ðð€as€defined€by€Tennessee€CodeÐ %X $ ÐAnnotated€section€39„11„302€(1997),€is€result€oriented€focusing€on€whether€the€defendant€intendedÐ î%>!% Ðð ðto€engage€in€the€conduct€or€cause€the€result.ðð€€òòId.óó€at€168.€€Similarly,€the€mens€rea€of€ð ðknowinglyððÐ Ô&$"& Ðrequired€for€second€degree€murder€can€also€focus€on€the€result.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„11„302(b)Ð º' #' Ð(1997)€specifically€states€that€a€person€acts€ð ðknowinglyðð€when€he€is€aware€that€his€conduct€isÐ  (ð#( Ðreasonably€certain€to€cause€the€result.€€To€this€end,€the€òòMillenóó€Court€also€noted€that€previous€casesÐ †)Ö$) Ðhave€upheld€the€doctrineððs€application€in€second€degree€murder€cases.€€òòId.óó€at€166;€òòseeóó€òòState€v.Ð l*¼%* ÐHarperóó,€206€Tenn.€509,€334€S.W.2d€933€(1960);€òòState€v.€Summerallóó,€926€S.W.2d272,€275€(Tenn.Ð R+¢&+ ÐCrim.€App.€1995).€€Thus,€we€find€no€error€in€the€trial€courtððs€instruction€on€transferred€intent.Ð 8,ˆ', Їà  àWe€find€that€the€Defendant€has€failed€to€show€that€a€rational€trier€of€fact€could€not€haveÐ ° Ðfound€him€guilty€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt€of€second€degree€murder.€€€The€law€presumes€aÐ –æ Ðhomicide€to€be€second€degree€murder.€€òòState€v.€Brownóó,€836€S.W.2d€530,€543€(Tenn.€1992).€€ThisÐ |Ì Ðpresumption€places€upon€the€State€the€burden€of€establishing€the€premeditation€necessary€to€elevateÐ b² Ðthe€crime€to€first€degree€murder.€€€€òòBrownóó,€836€S.W.2d€at€543.€€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€sectionÐ H˜ Ð39-13-210€(1997)€defines€second€degree€murder€as€a€"knowing€killing€of€another.ððÐ . ~ ÐÌà  àAs€noted€above,€the€"knowing"€requirement€of€second€degree€murderÐ ú J ÐÌÒ°Òà0  à€.€.€.€€refers€to€a€person€who€acts€knowingly€with€respect€to€the€conduct€or€toÐ Æ   Ðcircumstances€surrounding€the€conduct€when€the€person€is€aware€of€the€nature€of€theÐ ¬ ü  Ðconduct€or€that€the€circumstances€exist.€€òòA€person€acts€knowingly€with€respect€to€aÐ ’â  Ðresult€of€the€person's€conduct€when€the€person€is€aware€that€the€conduct€is€reasonablyÐ xÈ  Ðcertain€to€cause€the€result.óóÐ^® Ð Ð  ÐÒ°JjÒÌTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39-11-302(b)€(1997)€(emphasis€added).€€€Moreover,€ð ða€defendant€acts€knowingly€Ð *z  Ð.€.€.€€when€he€or€she€is€aware€of€the€conduct€or€is€practically€certain€the€conduct€will€cause€the€result,Ð ` Ðirrespective€of€his€or€her€desire€that€the€conduct€or€result€will€occur."€€òòId.óó€(Sentencing€CommissionÐ öF ÐComments);€òòState€v.€Rutherfordóó,€876€S.W.2d€118,120€(Tenn.€Crim.€App€1993).€€Ð Ü, ÐÌà  àThe€Defendant€argues€that€the€evidence€preponderates€against€and€is€inconsistent€with€aÐ ¨ø Ðconviction€for€second€degree€murder.€€Circumstantial€evidence€can€establish€the€crime€of€secondÐ ŽÞ Ðdegree€murder.€€€òòState€v.€Collinsóó,€986€S.W.2d€13,€18€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1998).€€The€evidence€here,Ð tÄ Ðwhen€viewed€in€the€light€most€favorable€to€the€State,€shows€the€following:€1)€Defendant€had€warnedÐ Zª ÐWeir€and€Clark€that€he€would€start€shooting€if€they€did€not€leave,€2)€as€Weir€and€Clark€were€drivingÐ @ Ðaway,€Defendant€began€shooting€a€handgun,€3)€Weir,€Clark,€Wade,€Muncie,€Logue€and€HurdÐ &v Ðtestified€that€they€saw€the€Defendant€shooting,€4)€within€seconds€after€the€shooting,€Brenda€CorderÐ  \ Ðand€Deon€Starks€were€discovered€wounded€from€gunshots,€5)€casings€from€a€.380€caliber€handgunÐ òB Ðwere€found€in€the€area€called€ð ðthe€railsðð€where€the€Defendant€was€standing€and€6)€a€.380€bullet€wasÐ Ø( Ðfound€in€the€body€of€Deon€Starks.€€There€was€also€evidence€that€the€Defendant€was€shooting€the€gunÐ ¾ Ðinto€the€air€and€not€directly€toward€the€occupants€of€the€car€„Weir,€Wade€and€Clark.€€The€jury€couldÐ ¤ô Ðhave€reasonably€inferred€from€this€evidence€that€the€Defendant€shot€and€killed€the€two€victims.€€TheÐ Š Ú Ðjury€chose€to€accredit€the€circumstantial€evidence€presented€in€support€of€the€Stateððs€theory.€€It€wasÐ p!À  Ðwithin€the€juryððs€prerogative€to€do€so.Ð V"¦! ÐÌà  àA€rational€trier€of€fact€could€have€found€the€essential€elements€of€the€crime€of€second€degreeÐ "$r# Ðmurder€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt.€€òòóóDefendant€ð ðknowinglyðð€shot€a€gun€while€standing€on€a€street,Ð %X $ Ðwhich€the€testimony€showed€was€busy€with€people.€€Defendant€was€aware€that€he€was€shooting€a€gunÐ î%>!% Ðand€that€there€were€many€people€present€on€the€street€while€he€was€shooting.€€Defendant€is€notÐ Ô&$"& Ðentitled€to€relief€on€this€issue.Ó+WÓÔ‡XÞ­XXXÞ­ÔÐ º' #' ÐÓ=WÓÓ  Óò òII.€Admissibility€of€Photographsó óÐ †)Ö$) ÐÔ#†XÞ­XXXÞ­©v#ÔÓívÓÓÓÓ  Óà  àDefendant€argues€that€the€trial€court€erred€in€admitting€the€autopsy€photographs€of€theÐ R+¢&+ Ðvictims.€€Defendant€contends€that€the€autopsy€photographs€were€inflammatory€and€prejudicial,€andÐ 8,ˆ', Ðlacking€in€probative€value.€€Alternatively,€Defendant€asserts€that€the€photographs€were€duplicitous,Ð ° Ðlessening€the€need€for€admitting€all€of€the€photographs.€€Ð –æ ÐÌà  àTenn.€R.€Evid.€403€governs€the€admissibility€of€photographs.€€òòSee€alsoóó€òòState€v.€Banksóó,€564Ð b² ÐS.W.2d€947€(Tenn.€1978).€€"Although€relevant,€evidence€may€be€excluded€if€its€probative€value€isÐ H˜ Ðsubstantially€outweighed€by€the€danger€of€unfair€prejudice,€confusion€of€the€issues,€or€misleadingÐ . ~ Ðthe€jury€.€.€.€ðð€€Tenn.€R.€Evid.€403.€€The€evidence€must€be€relevant€and€its€probative€value€mustÐ  d Ðoutweigh€any€prejudicial€effect.€€òòBanksóó,€564€S.W.2d€at€950-51.€€The€trial€court€has€completeÐ ú J Ðdiscretion€on€whether€to€admit€photographs€and€will€not€be€reversed€absent€a€clear€showing€of€anÐ à 0 Ðabuse.€€òòState€v.€Dickersonóó,€885€S.W.2d€90,€92€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1993)Ð Æ   ÐÌÓgwÓÓÓà  àÔ‡XÞ­XXXÞ­ÔPhotographs€of€murder€victims€are€ð ðinherently€prejudicial.ðð€€òòÔ#†XÞ­XXXÞ­¨|#ÔBanksóó,€564€S.W.2d€at€951.òòóó€Ð ’â  ÐTherefore,€in€òòBanksóó,€our€supreme€court€set€forth€the€factors€that€are€necessary€in€determiningÐ xÈ  Ðwhether€the€inherently€prejudicial€character€of€the€photographs€outweighs€their€probative€value.€Ð ^®  ÐThese€factors€include:€(1)€the€accuracy€and€clarity€of€the€photographs;€(2)€whether€they€were€takenÐ D”  Ðbefore€the€corpse€was€moved,€if€the€position€and€location€of€the€body€when€found€are€material;€(3)Ð *z  Ðthe€inadequacy€of€testimonial€evidence€in€relating€the€facts€to€the€jury;€and€(4)€the€need€for€theÐ ` Ðevidence€to€establish€a€prima€facie€case€of€guilt€or€to€rebut€the€defendant's€contentions.€€òòÔ‡XÞ­XXXÞ­ÔId.óóÔ#†XÞ­XXXÞ­€#Ô€Ô‡XÞ­XXXÞ­ÔÐ öF ÐÓŠ|ÓÓ1‡ÓÌà  àWe€find€no€abuse€of€discretion€by€the€trial€court€and€hold€that€the€photographs€were€properlyÐ Â Ðadmitted.€€First,€the€autopsy€photographs€taken€by€Dr.€Harlan€were€found€accurate€and€clearÐ ¨ø Ðrepresentations€of€the€bodies€of€Brenda€Corder€and€Deon€Starks.€€Second,€although€the€position€andÐ ŽÞ Ðlocation€of€the€bodies€when€found€at€the€scene€are€material,€this€factor€does€not€make€theÐ tÄ Ðphotographs€now€inadmissible.€€Dr.€Harlan€testified€during€a€jury„out€examination€that€he€neededÐ Zª Ðphotographs€to€assist€him€in€explaining€the€autopsies.€€Third,€the€photos€helped€to€remove€anyÐ @ ÐÔ#†XÞ­XXXÞ­e€#Ôinadequacy€in€Dr.€Harlanððs€testimony€when€relating€the€results€of€the€autopsies.€Ð &v ÐÌà  àGenerally,€where€medical€testimony€adequately€describes€the€degree€or€extent€of€the€injury,Ð òB Ðgruesome€and€graphic€photographs€should€not€be€admitted.€€òòState€v.€Duncanóó,€698€S.W.2d€63€(Tenn.Ð Ø( Ð1985),€òòcert.€deniedóó,€475€U.S.€1031,€106€S.€Ct.€1240,€89€L.Ed.2d€348€(1986).€€However,€Dr.€HarlanÐ ¾ Ðused€the€photographs€in€question€to€assist€in€explaining€and€clarifying€his€testimony€regarding€theÐ ¤ô Ðmanner€and€cause€of€death€for€each€victim.€€òòSee,€e.g.óó,€òòState€v.€Stephensonóó,€878€S.W.2d€530,€542,Ð Š Ú Ðòòrehððg€deniedóó,€(Tenn.€1994);€òòState€v.€Smithóó,€868€S.W.2d€561,€576€(Tenn.€1993),€òòcert.€deniedóó,€513Ð p!À  ÐU.S.€960,€115€S.€Ct.€417,€130€L.€Ed.€2d€333€(1994)€(photographs€used€to€illustrate€witnesses'Ð V"¦! Ðtestimony€admissible€for€this€€purpose).€€Ô‡XÞ­XXXÞ­ÔThe€photographs€were€also€used€to€show€the€location€of€theÐ <#Œ" Ðwounds,€along€with€the€entrance€and€exit€points€of€the€bullets.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Goadóó,€707€S.W.2d€846,Ð "$r# Ð850€(Tenn.€1986)€(photographs€admissible€for€this€purpose).Ô#†XÞ­XXXÞ­ž‡#Ô€€The€trial€court€held€that€as€an€expert,Ð %X $ ÐDr.€Harlan€was€entitled€to€have€the€best€evidence€obtainable€while€testifying.€€Such€a€finding€did€notÐ î%>!% Ðconstitute€an€abuse€of€discretion.€€The€record€reflects€that€Dr.€Harlan€only€picked€out€the€photos€heÐ Ô&$"& Ðneeded€during€his€testimony€and€the€trial€court€excluded€the€remaining€photographs.€€Ô‡XÞ­XXXÞ­ÔRelevantÐ º' #' Ðphotographs€will€not€be€held€inadmissible€merely€because€they€are€cumulative€or€because€theÐ  (ð#( Ðpictures€can€be€described€in€words.€€òòState€v.€Bigbeeóó,€885€S.W.2d€797,€807€(Tenn.€1994).Ô#†XÞ­XXXÞ­vŠ#Ô€€Ð †)Ö$) ÐÌà  àThe€four€(4)€photographs€showing€Deon€Starks€lying€on€his€back€were€cumulative€andÐ R+¢&+ Ðperhaps€duplicitous.€€Yet,€we€do€not€find€that€these€photos€were€so€shocking€or€inflammatory€as€toÐ 8,ˆ', Ðpreclude€their€admission.€€Neither€do€we€find€that€the€admission€of€the€photos€was€an€abuse€ofÐ ° Ðdiscretion€by€the€trial€court.Ð –æ ÐÌà  àFinally,€the€Defendant€argues€that€the€State€did€not€need€the€photos€ð ðto€establish€a€primaÐ b² Ðfacie€case€of€guilt€or€to€rebut€the€defendant's€contentions.ðð€€We€find€that€the€photos€were€necessaryÐ H˜ Ðto€establish€guilt€and€to€rebut€the€Defendantððs€contentions.€€Ô‡XÞ­XXXÞ­ÔHere,€the€locations€of€the€wounds€wereÐ . ~ Ðrelevant€to€testimony€regarding€the€distances€between€the€victims€and€the€Defendant€at€the€time€ofÐ  d Ðthe€shooting.€€The€locations€of€the€wounds€were€also€relevant€to€rebut€the€Defendantððs€contentionÐ ú J Ðthat€he€was€shooting€in€the€air€and€could€not€have€shot€anyone€on€the€street€that€night.Ð à 0 ÐÌà  àLastly,€and€very€important€to€our€decision,€we€note€that€the€autopsy€photographs€did€notÐ ¬ ü  Ðinclude€views€of€the€victimsðð€bodies€showing€incisions€normally€made€during€autopsies.€€TheÐ ’â  Ðpictures€displayed€conditions€of€the€victimsðð€bodies€as€they€were€shortly€after€death.€€Therefore,Ð xÈ  Ðbecause€the€photographs€were€not€overly€shocking€or€horrifying,€we€find€that€any€unfair€prejudiceÐ ^®  Ðdid€not€outweigh€the€probative€value€of€the€photographs.€€The€€trial€court€did€not€abuse€its€discretionÐ D”  Ðin€admitting€the€autopsy€photographs€of€the€victims.Ð *z  ÐÓywÓÌÓ  Óò òIII.€Excessive€Sentencesó óÐ öF ÐÓñ’ÓÌÓ  ÓÓ  Óà  àÔ#†XÞ­XXXÞ­‡Ž#ÔÔ‡XÞ­XXXÞ­ÔThe€Defendantððs€third€issue€is€that€the€trial€court€erred€in€imposing€excessive€sentences€thatÐ Â Ðare€contrary€to€the€mandates€of€the€Tennessee€Criminal€Sentencing€Reform€Act€of€1989.€€We€reviewÐ ¨ø Ðsentences€imposed€by€the€trial€courtÔ#†XÞ­XXXÞ­ˆ“#ÔÔ‡XÞ­XXXÞ­Ô€de€novo€with€a€presumption€of€correctness.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.Ð ŽÞ Ððð€40-35-401(d).€€The€law€conditions€this€presumption€upon€an€affirmative€showing€in€the€record€thatÐ tÄ Ðthe€trial€judge€considered€the€sentencing€principles€and€all€relevant€facts€and€circumstances.€€òòStateÐ Zª Ðv.€Ashbyóó,€823€S.W.2d€166,€169€(Tenn.€1991).€€Ô#†XÞ­XXXÞ­Ù”#ÔÔ‡XÞ­XXXÞ­ÔIn€conducting€our€review,€we€must€consider€all€theÐ @ Ðevidence,€the€presentence€report,€the€sentencing€principles,€the€enhancing€and€mitigating€factors,Ð &v Ðarguments€of€counsel,€the€defendantððs€statements,€the€nature€and€character€of€the€offense€and€theÐ  \ Ðdefendantððs€potential€for€rehabilitation.€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðððð€40„35„103(5),€„210(b)(1997€&Ð òB ÐSupp.1999);€òòAshbyóó,€823€S.W.2d€at€169.€€Here€there€is€no€question€that€the€trial€court€complied€withÐ Ø( Ðthe€sentencing€statutes.Ô#†XÞ­XXXÞ­”–#ÔÔ‡XÞ­XXXÞ­ÔÐ ¾ ÐÌÓ¯€ÓÓÓà  àÔ#†XÞ­XXXÞ­$™#ÔÔ‡XÞ­XXXÞ­Ô€In€this€case,€the€sentencing€statutes€restricted€the€trial€court€to€sentencing€the€Defendant€toÐ Š Ú Ðnot€less€than€fifteen€(15)€years€and€no€more€than€twenty„five€(25)€years€as€a€standard,€Range€I,€ClassÐ p!À  ÐA€felon.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40-35-112(a)(1).€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40-35-210(c)€(1997)€sets€theÐ V"¦! Ðpresumptive€sentence€for€a€Class€A€felony€at€the€midpoint€of€the€range,€if€there€are€no€enhancementÐ <#Œ" Ðor€mitigating€factors.€€Where€one€or€more€enhancement€factors€apply€but€no€mitigating€factors€exist,Ð "$r# Ðthe€trial€court€may€sentence€above€the€presumptive€sentence€but€still€within€the€range.€€Id.€ððÐ %X $ Ð40-35-210(d).€€Where€both€enhancement€and€mitigating€factors€apply,€the€trial€court€must€start€atÐ î%>!% Ðthe€midpoint€of€the€range,€enhance€the€sentence€within€the€range€as€appropriate€to€the€enhancementÐ Ô&$"& Ðfactors€and€then€reduce€the€sentence€within€the€range€as€appropriate€to€the€mitigating€factors.€€Id.€ððÐ º' #' Ð40-35-210(e).€€The€weight€afforded€an€enhancement€or€mitigating€factor€is€left€to€the€discretion€ofÐ  (ð#( Ðthe€trial€court€if€the€trial€court€complies€with€the€purposes€and€principles€of€the€Tennessee€CriminalÐ †)Ö$) ÐSentencing€Reform€Act€of€1989€and€the€record€supports€its€findings.€€òòState€v.€Hayesóó,€899€S.W.2dÐ l*¼%* Ð175,€185€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1995).Ô#†XÞ­XXXÞ­°™#ÔÔ‡XÞ­XXXÞ­ÔÐ R+¢&+ ÐÐ 8,ˆ', ÐÓo™ÓÓÓà  àThe€Defendant€asserts€that€the€trial€court€improperly€relied€upon€certain€statutoryÐ ° Ðenhancement€factors€provided€in€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€section€40„35„114€(1997)€and€one€non„Ð –æ Ðstatutory€factor.€€After€a€sentencing€hearing,€the€trial€court€found€that€there€were€no€mitigatingÐ |Ì Ðfactors€applicable€to€the€present€case.€€The€Defendant€also€challenges€that€finding.€€Ð b² ÐÌÓ ÓÓÓà  àThe€trial€court€found€the€following€five€statutory€enhancing€factors€applicable€to€theÐ . ~ ÐDefendantððs€convictions:Ð  d ÐÌÓ ¢ÓÒ°ÒÓÓà0  à(1)€The€defendant€has€a€previous€history€of€criminal€convictions€or€criminal€behaviorÐ à 0 Ðin€addition€to€those€necessary€to€establish€the€appropriate€range;ÐÆ  Ð Ð  ÐÌà  à(3)€The€offense€involved€more€than€one€(1)€victim;Ð ’â  ÐÌà0  à(9)€The€defendant€possessed€or€employed€a€firearm,€explosive€device€or€other€deadlyÐ ^®  Ðweapon€during€the€commission€of€the€offense;ÐD” Ð Ð  ÐÌà0  à(10)€The€defendant€had€no€hesitation€about€committing€a€crime€when€the€risk€toÐ ` Ðhuman€life€was€high;€andÐöFÐ Ð  ÐÌà0  à(16)€The€crime€was€committed€under€circumstances€under€which€the€potential€forÐ Â Ðbodily€injury€to€a€victim€was€great.€Ð¨øÐ Ð  ÐÒ°Ú¢ÒÓè¢ÓÓµÓÌÓh¦ÓÓÓTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40-35-114€(1997).€€The€Defendant€does€not€challenge€the€trial€courtððs€applicationÐ tÄ Ðof€the€enhancing€factors€in€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40-35-114(1)€&€(9).€€Ð Zª ÐÌà  àFirst,€the€Defendant€maintains€that€the€trial€court€misapplied€factor€(3),€ð ðthe€offense€involvedÐ &v Ðmore€than€one€(1)€victim.ðð€€We€have€previously€held€that€where€a€jury€convicts€a€defendantÐ  \ Ðseparately€for€each€victim,€and€each€offense€for€which€they€convict€the€defendant€only€involved€oneÐ òB Ðvictim,€òòóóthis€enhancement€factor€will€not€apply.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Freemanóó,€943€S.W.2d€25,€31€(Tenn.Ð Ø( ÐCrim.€App.€1996).€€In€the€case€òòsubóó€òòjudiceóó,€the€jury€convicted€the€Defendant€separately€for€theÐ ¾ Ðmurders€of€Brenda€Corder€and€Deon€Starks.€€Therefore,€we€find€that€the€trial€court€erred€in€applyingÐ ¤ô Ðthis€factor.Ð Š Ú ÐÌà  àSecond,€the€Defendant€argues€that€since€enhancement€factors€(10)€and€(16)€are€inherent€toÐ V"¦! Ðsecond€degree€murder,€the€trial€court€should€not€have€used€these€factors€to€enhance€the€Defendant'sÐ <#Œ" Ðsentence.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Belseróó,€945€S.W.2d€776€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1996);€òòState€v.€Lambertóó,€741Ð "$r# ÐS.W.2d€127,€134€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1987).€€However,€the€proof€at€trial€showed€that€other€individualsÐ %X $ Ðwere€on€the€street€and€in€the€same€direction€in€which€the€Defendant€fired€his€gun.€These€facts€displayÐ î%>!% Ðð ða€culpability€distinct€from€and€appreciably€greater€than€that€incident€to€the€offense€for€which€he€wasÐ Ô&$"& Ðconvicted.ðð€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Jonesóó,€883€S.W.2d€597,€603€(Tenn.€1994)€(ð ðSome€activities€by€their€veryÐ º' #' Ðnature€cause€high€risk€to€human€life,€for€example,€driving€on€a€busy€street€under€the€influence€of€anÐ  (ð#( Ðintoxicant€or€firing€a€firearm€into€a€crowd€of€people.ðð).€€€Ô#†XÞ­XXXÞ­¹Ÿ#ÔÔ‡XÞ­XXXÞ­ÔÐ †)Ö$) ÐÌà  àIn€òòState€v.€Binghamóó,€910€S.W.2d€448€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1995),€the€Court€held€that€the€trialÐ R+¢&+ Ðcourt€incorrectly€applied€enhancement€factor€(16).€€In€òòBinghamóó,€the€panel€distinguished€betweenÐ 8,ˆ', Ðenhancement€factors€(10)€and€(16)€by€noting€that€the€risk€to€persons€other€than€a€victim€of€theÐ ° Ðconvicted€offense€supported€factor€(10),€but€not€factor€(16).€€More€recently,€in€òòState€v.€Charles€JustinÐ –æ ÐOsborneóó,€No.€01C01„9806„CC„00246,€1999€WL€298220,€at€*1€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,€Nashville,€MayÐ |Ì Ð12,€1999)€another€panel€of€this€Court€held€that€ð ð.€.€.€the€enhancement€statute€does€not€contemplateÐ b² Ðapplication€of€factor€(16)€based€on€risk€to€others.ðð€€òòId.óó€Ô#†XÞ­XXXÞ­Û®#ÔÔ‡XÞ­XXXÞ­Ôat€3.€€The€panel€in€òòOsborneóó€looked€to€theÐ H˜ Ðlanguage€of€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„114(16)€to€find€that€ð ðto€a€victimðð€refers€to€the€victim€of€theÐ . ~ Ðcharged€offense,€not€potential€victims.€€€òòId.óó€€Thus,€the€trial€court€erroneously€applied€enhancementÐ  d Ðfactor€(16)€to€this€case.€Ô#†XÞ­XXXÞ­Q²#ÔÔ‡XÞ­XXXÞ­Ô€òòButóó€òòcf.óó€òòState€v.€Tayloróó,€No.€03C01„9810„CR„00366,€1999€WL€692579,€*6Ð ú J Ð(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,€Knoxville,€Sept.€8,€1999),€òòperm.€to€app.€deniedóó,€March€6,€2000€(relying€uponÐ à 0 ÐòòState€v.€Simsóó,€909€S.W.2d€46€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1995)€to€find€both€enhancement€factor€(10)€and€(16)Ð Æ   Ðapplicable)òòóó;Ô#†XÞ­XXXÞ­ð³#ÔÔ‡XÞ­XXXÞ­Ô€òòState€v.€Wigginsóó,€No.€01C01„9806„CR„00241,€1999€WL€447322,€*€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,Ð ¬ ü  ÐNashville,€July€1,€1999)€(majority€of€panel€finding€both€enhancement€factors€(10)€and€(16)Ð ’â  Ðapplicable,€while€rejecting€òòBinghamóó);€òòSimsóó,€909€S.W.2d€at€50€Ô#†XÞ­XXXÞ­§µ#ÔÔ‡XÞ­XXXÞ­Ô(holding€that€like€enhancement€factorÐ xÈ  Ð(10),€factor€(16)€may€be€applied€where€persons€other€than€the€victim€are€in€the€area€subject€to€injury).Ð ^®  Ðà  àÌà  àWe€agree€with€the€trial€courtððs€application€of€enhancement€factor€(10)€based€upon€the€riskÐ *z  Ðto€others€in€the€area€subject€to€injury.€€Brenda€Corder€and€Deon€Starks€were€the€unfortunate€victimsÐ ` Ðof€Defendantððs€crime;€yet,€the€record€shows€that€many€potential€victims€were€within€the€proximityÐ öF Ðof€Defendantððs€gunfire.€€Ô#†XÞ­XXXÞ­ ·#ÔÔ‡XÞ­XXXÞ­ÔWe€further€note€that€no€bullet€was€found€in€the€body€of€Brenda€Corder.€Ð Ü, ÐThis€leads€to€the€inference€that€the€bullet(s)€which€struck€her€in€the€back€and€hand€could€have€causedÐ Â Ðinjury€to€others.€€Also,€only€one€bullet€struck€Deon€Starks.€€The€testimony€adduced€at€trial€showedÐ ¨ø Ðthat€the€Defendant€fired€as€many€as€five€shots.€€In€sum,€given€the€number€of€shots€fired€and€theÐ ŽÞ Ðnumber€of€people€within€the€line€of€fire,€the€facts€justify€the€application€of€enhancement€factor€(10).Ð tÄ ÐÌà  àThird,€Defendant€contends€that€the€trial€court€erroneously€considered€the€DefendantððsÐ @ Ðdecision€not€to€testify€and€his€lack€of€open€remorse€as€enhancement€factors.€€Defendant€argues€thatÐ &v Ðhe€has€the€constitutional€right€not€to€testify;€therefore,€the€trial€judge€should€not€use€his€decisionÐ  \ Ðagainst€him€during€sentencing.€€During€the€sentencing€phase,€the€trial€court€stated€the€following:Ð òB ÐÌÒ°Òà  àCourt:à0 ` àð ð.€.€And€it€bothers€me€that€a€man€who€would€kill€two€people€the€way€that€theÐ ¾ Ðtrial€was€set€out,€and€then€wouldnððt€get€up€here€and€tell€the€family€heððs€sorry,Ð ¤ô Ðthat€he€wishes€it€hadnððt€happened,€and€to€be€remorseful€on€the€sentencingÐ Š Ú Ðhearing.€€Because€this€is€his€life€weððre€talking€about.€€He€chose€not€to€do€it.€Ð p!À  ÐSo,€heððs€not€remorseful.€€I€find€that€heððs€not€remorseful,€he€didnððt€do€anythingÐ V"¦! Ðto€help€himself,€and€thatððs€terrible.€€Thatððs€the€reason€I€talked€to€him,€IÐ <#Œ" Ðthought€Iððd€give€him€a€chance€and€make€sure€he€understood€and€he€doesÐ "$r# Ðunderstand.ððÐ%X $` Ð ` Ð  ÐÒ°â½ÒÌà  àThe€Fifth€Amendment€to€the€United€States€Constitution€provides€in€part€that€ð ðno€person€.€.Ð Ô&$"& Ð.€shall€be€compelled€in€any€criminal€case€to€be€a€witness€against€himself.ðð€€U.S.€Const.€Amend.€V.€Ð º' #' ÐLikewise,€Article€I,€Section€9€of€the€Tennessee€Constitution€states€that€ð ðin€all€criminal€prosecutions,Ð  (ð#( Ðthe€accused€.€.€.€shall€not€be€compelled€to€give€evidence€against€himself.ðð€€Tenn.€Const.€art.€I,€ðð€9.€Ð †)Ö$) ÐFurthermore,€it€is€well„settled€that€a€trial€court€may€not€use€non„statutory€enhancement€factors€toÐ l*¼%* Ðenhance€a€defendantððs€sentence.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Grissomóó,€956€S.W.2d€514,€518€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.Ð R+¢&+ Ð1997);€òòState€v.€Stricklandóó,€885€S.W.2d€85,€89€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1993).òòóó€€During€the€sentencingÐ 8,ˆ', Ðhearing,€the€trial€court€referred€to€the€Defendantððs€failure€to€testify€three€times,€including€the€oneÐ ° Ðinstance€above.€€However,€there€is€no€indication€that€the€trial€judge€used€these€factors€to€enhanceÐ –æ ÐDefendantððs€sentence.€€At€no€point€did€the€trial€court€specifically€state€that€it€was€enhancingÐ |Ì ÐDefendantððs€sentence€because€he€failed€to€testify€and€showed€a€lack€of€remorse.€€Thus,€we€find€noÐ b² Ðerror€in€sentencing€based€upon€this€argument.Ð H˜ ÐÌà  àThe€trial€court€found€no€mitigating€factors.€€We€also€agree€that€the€record€does€not€supportÐ  d Ðthe€finding€of€any€mitigating€factors.€€Defendant€argues€the€applicability€of€Tennessee€CodeÐ ú J ÐAnnotated€section€40„35„113€(6)€and€(11).€€First,€Defendant€asserts€that€ð ðbecause€of€youth,€[he]Ð à 0 Ðlacked€substantial€judgment€in€committing€the€offense.ðð€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„113(6).€€TheÐ Æ   Ðtrial€judge€found€that€Defendant€had€a€criminal€history€dating€from€the€age€of€fourteen€(14).€€TheÐ ¬ ü  Ðtrial€court€also€found€that€as€a€juvenile,€the€Defendant€proved€unwilling€to€comply€with€conditionsÐ ’â  Ðof€probated€sentences.€€The€evidence€showed€that€Defendant€was€nineteen€(19)€at€the€time€heÐ xÈ  Ðcommitted€these€offenses.€€Defendant€argues€that€firing€a€gun€into€the€air€and€a€crowded€street€isÐ ^®  Ðevidence€of€his€level€of€maturity€and€mental€development.€€Defendant€further€argues€that€his€actionsÐ D”  Ðshow€a€lack€of€substantial€judgment€due€to€his€youth.€€From€these€facts,€we€think€the€trial€court€actedÐ *z  Ðwithin€its€prerogative€in€determining€that€the€defendant€was€sufficiently€mature€to€understand€theÐ ` Ðnature€of€his€conduct.€€€His€familiarity€with€the€criminal€justice€system€and€his€several€opportunitiesÐ öF Ðat€rehabilitation€before€reaching€the€age€of€majority€show€a€full€appreciation€for€the€seriousness€ofÐ Ü, Ðhis€acts.€€It€is€difficult€under€these€circumstances€to€conclude€that€because€of€his€youth,€the€defendantÐ Â Ðlacked€"substantial€judgment."Ô#†XÞ­XXXÞ­ž¹#ÔÔ‡XÞ­XXXÞ­Ô€€The€trial€court€properly€rejected€this€factor.€€Ð ¨ø ÐÌà  àNext,€Defendant€contends€that€he€ð ðcommitted€the€offense[s]€under€such€unusualÐ tÄ Ðcircumstances€that€it€is€unlikely€that€a€sustained€intent€to€violate€the€law€motivated€the€criminalÐ Zª Ðconduct.ðð€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„113(11)€(1997).€€We€do€not€agree€that€the€record€here€supportsÐ @ Ðthe€finding€of€this€mitigating€factor,€as€there€were€no€unusual€circumstances€that€would€cause€thisÐ &v Ðmitigating€factor€to€be€applicable.€€Accordingly,€the€trial€court€properly€rejected€DefendantððsÐ  \ Ðproposed€mitigating€factors.€€Ô#†XÞ­XXXÞ­Í#ÔÔ‡XÞ­XXXÞ­ÔÐ òB Ðà  àÌà  àWe€note€that€while€the€Defendant€does€not€challenge€the€trial€courtððs€application€ofÐ ¾ Ðenhancement€factor€(1),€we€find€that€the€trial€court€erroneously€applied€factor€(1)€to€DefendantððsÐ ¤ô Ðjuvenile€convictions.€€The€presentence€report€showed€that€before€reaching€the€age€of€majority€theÐ Š Ú ÐÔ#†XÞ­XXXÞ­ŒÐ#ÔÔ‡XÞ­XXXÞ­ÔDefendant€accumulated€a€juvenile€record€consisting€of€a€conviction€for€theft€of€a€motorcycle,€severalÐ p!À  Ðviolations€of€probation,€failures€to€appear,€driving€without€a€license,€testing€positive€for€cocaine,Ð V"¦! Ðpossession€of€a€firearm,€truancy€and€sale€of€a€controlled€substance€(cocaine).€€Ô#†XÞ­XXXÞ­XÒ#ÔÔ‡XÞ­XXXÞ­ÔOne€of€these€offenses,Ð <#Œ" Ðif€committed€by€an€adult,€would€have€constituted€a€felony,€i.e.,€sale€of€a€controlled€substance.€€€Ð "$r# ÐÌà  àIn€1995,€Ô#†XÞ­XXXÞ­ÞÓ#ÔÔ‡XÞ­XXXÞ­Ôthe€Tennessee€Legislature€amended€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„114€to€includeÐ î%>!% Ðenhancement€factor€(20).€€Factor€(20)€allows€for€enhancement€of€a€sentence€if€"[t]he€defendant€wasÐ Ô&$"& Ðadjudicated€to€have€committed€a€delinquent€act€or€acts€as€a€juvenile€that€would€constitute€a€felonyÐ º' #' Ðif€committed€by€an€adult."€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40-35-114(20)€(1997).€€For€offenses€committed€afterÐ  (ð#( ÐJuly€1,€1995,€juvenile€adjudications€may€only€be€considered€if€they€qualify€under€Tenn.€Code€Ann.Ð †)Ö$) Ððð€40-35-114(20).€€€òòSeeóóÔ#†XÞ­XXXÞ­ÙÔ#ÔÔ‡XÞ­XXXÞ­Ô€€òòState€v.€Ronald€Shipleyóó,€No.€02C01-9601-CR-00031,€1997€WL€21190,€atÐ l*¼%* Ð*7€n.€1€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,€Jackson,€Jan.€22,€1997);€òòState€v.€Timothy€Adamsóó,€No.Ð R+¢&+ Ð02C01-9512-CC-00376,€1997€WL€1821,€at€*4€n.€4€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,€Jackson,€Jan.€3,€1997).€€So,Ð 8,ˆ', Ðenhancement€factor€(20)€addresses€juvenile€convictions,€while€factor€(1)€focuses€on€adultÐ ° Ðconvictions.€€Thus,€the€two€factors€focus€on€mutually€exclusive€instances€of€conduct.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.Ð –æ ÐJeffrey€A.€Burnsóó,€No.€M1999-00873-CCA-R3-CD,€2000€WL€711148,€at€*5€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,Ð |Ì ÐNashville,€June€2,€2000);€Ô#†XÞ­XXXÞ­x×#ÔÔ‡XÞ­XXXÞ­ÔòòState€v.€Brent€Brownóó,€No.€02C01-9710-CC-00419,€1998€WL€742350,€atÐ b² Ð*2€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,€Jackson,€Oct.€26,€1998)€(factor€(20)€is€"the€exclusive€factor€for€enhancing€aÐ H˜ Ðsentence€based€on€a€defendant's€juvenile€record").€€Ð . ~ Ðà  àÌà  àÔ#†XÞ­XXXÞ­lÚ#ÔÔ‡XÞ­XXXÞ­ÔòòóóThe€Defendant€committed€the€present€offenses€after€July€1,€1995.€€Therefore,€Tenn.€CodeÐ ú J ÐAnn.€ðð€40„35„114€(20)€is€applicable€to€Defendantððs€conviction€for€the€sale€of€a€controlled€substanceÐ à 0 Ð(cocaine).€€We€are€unable€to€glean€from€the€presentence€report€whether€the€theft€of€a€motorcycleÐ Æ   Ðconviction€was€a€felony€or€a€misdemeanor;€therefore,€the€theft€cannot€be€considered€under€factorÐ ¬ ü  Ð(20).€€However,€this€does€not€affect€the€application€of€factor€(20)€in€this€case.€€Ô#†XÞ­XXXÞ­äÛ#ÔÔ‡XÞ­XXXÞ­ÔNeither€factor€(20)Ð ’â  Ðnor€factor€(1)€may€be€applied€to€the€Defendantððs€remaining€juvenile€convictions,€as€they€fail€to€meetÐ xÈ  Ðthe€requirements€of€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðððð€40„35„114€(1)€and€(20).€€Ô#†XÞ­XXXÞ­TÞ#ÔÔ‡XÞ­XXXÞ­ÔThus,€the€trial€court€erred€whenÐ ^®  Ðit€failed€to€apply€factor€(20)€to€the€Defendantððs€juvenile€conviction€for€sale€of€a€controlled€substance.€Ð D”  ÐLikewise,€the€trial€court€misapplied€enhancement€factor€(1)€to€Defendantððs€record€of€juvenileÐ *z  Ðconvictions.Ô#†XÞ­XXXÞ­ß#ÔÔ‡XÞ­XXXÞ­ÔÐ ` Ðà  à€Ô#†XÞ­XXXÞ­ûà#ÔÔ‡XÞ­XXXÞ­ÔÐ öF Ðà  àHowever,€enhancement€factor€(1)€is€applicable€to€Defendantððs€adult€criminal€convictions€andÐ Ü, Ðcriminal€behavior.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„114(1).€€The€presentence€report€disclosed€twoÐ Â Ðmisdemeanor€adult€convictions€from€1997€for€failure€to€appear€and€driving€while€his€license€wasÐ ¨ø Ðsuspended.€€Thus,€the€trial€court€correctly€applied€enhancement€factor€(1)€this€case.€€Ð ŽÞ ÐÌà  àSummarily,€we€find€that€the€trial€court€improperly€applied€enhancement€factors€(3)€and€(16);Ð Zª Ðhowever,€a€finding€that€enhancement€factors€were€erroneously€applied€does€not€equate€to€a€reductionÐ @ Ðin€the€sentence.Ô#†XÞ­XXXÞ­_á#ÔÔ‡XÞ­XXXÞ­Ô€€òòState€v.€Keelóó,€882€S.W.2d€410,€423€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1994).Ô#†XÞ­XXXÞ­Œä#ÔÔ‡XÞ­XXXÞ­Ô€€Also,€we€find€noÐ &v Ðapplicable€mitigating€factors.€€The€record€supports€the€trial€courtððs€application€of€the€enhancementÐ  \ Ðfactors€provided€in€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„114€(a)€(1),€(9),€(10)€and€(20),€which€more€than€justifyÐ òB Ðthe€imposed€sentence.€€A€trial€court€has€discretion€in€the€weight€to€give€each€enhancement€factor,Ð Ø( Ðbased€upon€the€ð ðseverity€of€the€offense€and€the€culpability€of€the€offenders€within€the€ranges€ofÐ ¾ Ðpenalties€set€by€the€legislature.ðð€€òòJonesóó,€883€S.W.2d€at€601.€€Furthermore,€the€court€has€the€discretionÐ ¤ô Ðto€weigh€any€factor€heavily.€€òòState€v.€Boggsóó,€932€S.W.2d€467,€475€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1996).Ô#†XÞ­XXXÞ­å#ÔÔ‡XÞ­XXXÞ­Ô€€Ð Š Ú ÐÌà  àHere,€the€misdemeanor€convictions€under€enhancement€factor€(1)€were€not€entitled€to€muchÐ V"¦! Ðweight.€€However,€the€Ô#†XÞ­XXXÞ­Hè#ÔÔ‡XÞ­XXXÞ­ÔDefendant€used€a€firearm,€a€factor€to€which€the€trial€court€correctly€gaveÐ <#Œ" Ðsubstantial€weight€under€the€circumstances€of€this€case.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40-35-114€(9)Ô#†XÞ­XXXÞ­1é#ÔÔ‡XÞ­XXXÞ­Ô.€AsÐ "$r# Ðnoted€above,€the€Defendant€also€committed€these€offenses€when€the€risk€to€human€life€was€great€andÐ %X $ Ðthe€trial€court€was€entitled€to€give€weight€to€this€factor.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40-35-114€(10).Ô#†XÞ­XXXÞ­8ê#ÔÔ‡XÞ­XXXޭԀРî%>!% ÐTherefore,€we€affirm€the€twenty„five€(25)€year€sentence€imposed€by€the€trial€court€for€eachÐ Ô&$"& Ðconviction€of€second€degree€murder.€Ð º' #' ÐÌÓM“Óò òIV.€Consecutive€Sentencesó óÐ †)Ö$) ÐÓšÓÌà  àDefendant€next€challenges€the€trial€courtððs€imposition€of€consecutive€sentences.€€A€trial€courtÐ R+¢&+ Ðmay€impose€consecutive€sentencing€upon€a€determination€that€one€or€more€of€the€criteria€set€forthÐ 8,ˆ', Ðin€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€Section€40-35-115(b)€exist.€€This€section€permits€the€trial€court€toÐ ° Ðimpose€consecutive€sentences€if€the€court€finds,€among€other€criteria,€that€the€defendant€is€(1)€aÐ –æ Ðprofessional€criminal€who€has€knowingly€devoted€himself€to€criminal€acts€as€a€major€source€ofÐ |Ì Ðlivelihood,€or€(2)€an€offender€whose€record€of€criminal€activities€is€extensive.€€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ððÐ b² Ð40„35„115(b)(1)€&€(2)€(1997).€€Here,€the€trial€judge€found€both€factors€and€ordered€consecutiveÐ H˜ Ðsentencing.€€Ð . ~ ÐÌà  àDefendant€contends€that€his€juvenile€record€is€insufficient€to€support€a€finding€that€he€is€aÐ ú J Ðprofessional€criminal.€€In€his€brief,€Defendant€relies€upon€the€case€of€òòState€v.€Blouvetóó,€in€which€thisÐ à 0 ÐCourt€upheld€a€trial€courtððs€imposition€of€€concurrent€sentences,€instead€of€consecutive€òòóósentences.€Ð Æ   ÐòòState€v.€Blouvetóó,€965€S.W.2d€489€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1997).€€In€òòBlouvetóó,€the€trial€court€found€thatÐ ¬ ü  Ðwhile€the€defendant€had€an€extensive€juvenile€record€and€had€been€convicted€of€three€felonies,€theÐ ’â  Ðdefendant€had€not€become€a€professional€criminal.€€òòId.óó€at€495.€€This€court€upheld€the€trial€courtððsÐ xÈ  Ðdecision.Ð ^®  ÐÌà  àHere,€Defendant€argues€that€because€his€juvenile€history€is€less€extensive€than€that€of€theÐ *z  Ðdefendant€in€òòBlouvetóó,€the€trial€court€should€have€ordered€his€sentences€to€run€concurrently.€Ð ` ÐHowever,€in€òòBlouvetóó,€we€found€that€it€was€ð ðquite€possible€that€the€defendant's€history€could€haveÐ öF Ðsupported€the€imposition€of€consecutive€sentences.ðð€€€€òòBlouvetóó,€965€S.W.2d€at€495.€€Yet,€we€couldÐ Ü, Ðnot€find€ð ðthat€the€trial€court€abused€its€discretion€in€ordering€the€sentences€to€be€servedÐ Â Ðconcurrently.ðð€€òòId.óó€€However,€there€is€no€proof€in€this€record€that€the€Defendant€was€a€professionalÐ ¨ø Ðcriminal€who€knowingly€devoted€himself€to€criminal€acts€as€a€major€source€of€livelihood.€Ð ŽÞ ÐNevertheless,€it€only€takes€the€finding€of€one€applicable€factor€to€justify€consecutive€sentences.Ð tÄ ÐÌà  àThe€trial€court€has€sole€discretion€to€decide€whether€a€defendant€should€serve€concurrent€orÐ @ Ðconsecutive€sentences.€€òòAdamsóó,€973€S.W.2d€at€230;€òòState€v.€Jamesóó,€688€S.W.2d€463€(Tenn.€Crim.Ð &v ÐApp.€1984).€€This€discretion€remains€coupled€with€the€obligation€to€follow€the€sentencing€guidelines.Ð  \ ÐòòState€v.€Wilkersonóó,€905€S.W.2d€933,€938€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1995).€€€In€this€case,€the€trial€courtÐ òB Ðfound€Defendantððs€juvenile€history€to€be€extensive,€compared€to€most€people€his€age.€€The€trial€courtÐ Ø( Ðheard€evidence€regarding€Defendantððs€criminal€background,€which€included:€theft,€driving€withoutÐ ¾ Ða€license,€violation€of€probation,€sale€of€a€controlled€substance€(cocaine),€aggravated€assault,Ð ¤ô Ðviolation€of€DYD€aftercare€and€cocaine€usage.€€The€Defendantððs€juvenile€record€justified€the€trialÐ Š Ú Ðcourtððs€determination€that€Defendantððs€criminal€history€was€extensive.€€Moreover,€it€is€important€toÐ p!À  Ðnote€that€while€all€of€Defendantððs€juvenile€convictions€could€not€be€used€to€enhance€his€sentenceÐ V"¦! Ðunder€enhancement€factor€(20),€we€do€not€find€that€the€trial€court€abused€its€discretion€in€usingÐ <#Œ" ÐDefendantððs€juvenile€record€to€order€consecutive€sentencing.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„115(b)€statesÐ "$r# Ðthat€the€trial€court€ð ðmay,ðð€rather€than€must,€impose€consecutive€sentencing€if€one€or€more€of€theÐ %X $ Ðenumerated€factors€is€present.€€Thus,€we€find€that€the€Defendant€has€failed€to€carry€his€burden€ofÐ î%>!% Ðproving€that€the€consecutive€sentencing€was€improper.€€Defendant€is€not€entitled€to€relief€on€thisÐ Ô&$"& Ðissue.Ð º' #' Ðò òó óÌà  àAfter€a€careful€consideration€of€the€evidence€presented€at€both€the€trial€and€sentencingÐ †)Ö$) Ðhearing€and€the€nature€of€Defendantððs€criminal€conduct,€we€find€that€a€combined€sentence€of€fiftyÐ l*¼%* Ðâ âyears€is€appropriate€and€supported€by€the€record.€€This€sentence€is€".€.€.€€no€greater€than€that€deservedÐ R+¢&+ Ðfor€the€offense€committed"€and€it€is€"€.€.€.€€the€least€severe€measure€necessary€to€achieve€the€purposesÐ ° Ðfor€which€the€sentence€is€imposed.ðð€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40-35-103(2)€&€(4).€Ð –æ Ðâ âÌà  àFor€the€foregoing€reasons,€we€affirm€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court.Ð b² ÐÓ•¦ÓÓ˜ìÓÓ  Óà @ à€à @ à€Ð H˜ ÐÓÓÓ  Óà  à€Ð  d Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à___________________________________Ð ú J Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àTHOMAS€T.€WOODALL,€JUDGEÔ#†XÞ­XXXÞ­uë#ÔÐ à 0 ÐÓvÓÓˆÓÓ  ÓÌà  àà ` àÐ  ’â  ÐÔ‡XÞ­XXXÞ­ÔÔ‡î~kîXXÞ­ÔÓÓÓ  ÓÑ  ÑIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEÐ ° Ðà@@kk$ìàAT€NASHVILLEÔ#†XÞ­Xîî~ke#ÔÔ‡¼Fø»XXÞ­ÔÐ Ð  Ðà@@K K ìàASSIGNED€ON€BRIEFS€JULY€18,€2000Ð ð@ ÐÔ#†XÞ­X»¼Fø2#ÔÔ‡î~kîXXÞ­ÔÌò òÔ#†XÞ­Xîî~kÐ#ÔÔ‡¼Fø»XXÞ­ÔSTATE€OF€TENNESSEEòòóó€v.€REGINALD€TYRONE€DONNELLÔ#†XÞ­X»¼Fø#ÔÔ‡î~kîXXÞ­Ôó óÐ  n ÐÔ#†XÞ­Xîî~k‹#ÔÌà@@ ìàò òCircuit€Court€for€Wilson€CountyÐ  b Ðà@@^^ ìàNos.€97„1308,€97„1309Ð ø H ÐÌÌà@@ìì*ìàßA€V) °°` d€÷E<©` AßÐ ªú  ÐÌà@@e e ìàNo.€M1999„02184„CCA„R3„CDÐ Ÿï  ÐÌßA€V) °°` dE<j` AßÐ k»  Ðó óà @ àà @` àà @¸ àà @ àà @h àà @À àà @ àÌÌà@@""&ìàò òJUDGMENTó óÔ‡î~kîXXÞ­ÔÐ F– ÐÓ–ÓÓ„ÓòòóóÔ#†XÞ­Xîî~kæ#ÔÔ‡î~kîXXÞ­ÔÓÓÌÔ#†î~kîîî~kF#ÔÓ  Óà  àÔ#†XÞ­Xîî~ki#ÔCame€the€Appellant,€Reginald€Tyrone€Donnell,€by€and€through€counsel,€and€also€came€theÐ Lœ ÐAttorney€General€on€behalf€of€the€State,€and€this€case€was€heard€on€the€record€on€appeal€from€theÐ 2‚ ÐCriminal€Court€of€Wilson€County;€and€upon€consideration€thereof,€this€court€is€of€the€opinion€thatÐ h Ðthere€is€no€reversible€error€in€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court.Ð þN Ðà  àà ` àÌà  àÔ‡XÞ­XXXÞ­ÔIt€is,€therefore,€ordered€and€adjudged€by€this€court€that€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court€isÐ Ê Ðaffirmed,€and€the€case€is€remanded€to€the€Criminal€Court€of€Wilson€County€for€execution€of€theÐ ° Ðjudgment€of€that€court€and€for€collection€of€costs€accrued€below.Ð –æ ÐÔ#†XÞ­XXXÞ­Ë #ÔÔ‡XÞ­XXXÞ­ÔÌÔ#†XÞ­XXXÞ­G #ÔÔ‡XÞ­XXXÞ­Ôà  àBecause€it€appears€to€the€court€that€the€Appellant,€Reginald€Tyrone€Donnell,€is€indigent,Ð b² Ðcosts€will€be€paid€by€the€State€of€Tennessee.à À àà  àà p àÐ H˜ ÐÓ¾Óà  àÌÌà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àò òPER€CURIAMó óÐ ú J  Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àThomas€T.€Woodall,€JudgeÐ à!0! Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àDavid€G.€Hayes,€JudgeÔ#†XÞ­XXXÞ­Š #ÔÔ‡XÞ­XXXÞ­ÔÐ Æ"" Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àNorma€MÔÿÿ«#û¬#üÔcGee€Ogle,€JudgeÔ#†XÞ­XXXÞ­ #Ô