ÿWPCØ ½0F= Éa(ø’`ù\Ø4ÉÞç*¸Œ¥G}­)¹…X(ÜñD/‰¥ôUún‡Áè`”ªÍdZÛÕ®ÑÙæzŽàï§äbõ<åÚ·_uþ; ;+aȲo‰1€û ~ÞI™¸ ËM—ÖOsù¸@ªSºbƒ_˜Í?iå/oî1"3´²£„}Uñ¤›ýΛöî*•Ûÿ§^€6Iû’²¬&i)L0Ñʨ9öÕ1Mmã`ªæÓyÂ_¹.8£ª™3ª &iëÆ˜6 |N{uÑ«ÌÃ2GH'=Ë«:Òs5ÞBTÄb?éói—¬8¼›a@ ô0Òá¢ÇÕÌ h˨ÞêÜ?-a±{Sí‡ÓbUޥܕcNûAN¬µfÀús^ŠD½Uí H}š„Ñ‘Êävþ›Ýº\ƒMøàØ#‘ƒ‹šïßÕ5‚&ŸegàñŒµ˜dá_›ã…†~<ªQ‡p¶LSQ»óXÐuPò[²¼çkU¦~Å%¥-j•œ†<ìüÞé‰ÞâøÄr1ÂSV¿CªßìFœW=ƒÊxnþòq¶ààÕ`ËÄÈ[Ü´«s Ü×üó¾| .z’©îÓ;ç0ú=ÈÉà³Q¶ò’¹Ì”š;*U.L %zb€·„U:;7u¬n­¼i 0(qU :™w¸Ó4‹úŸ 0 ™™ 0D2 U :v Ú° U:Š U:Ä ×þ ·Õ 0DŒ¿Ð7ׯU:)×U:):U:c AQÆî B´ 0DÑ 0D D/YY Bˆ D3¥<þ6X9`(CourierX ù ­Ý ƒ„$ÝÒ°ÒÔ€XO-XXXÔà ` àòòÚ  Ú3Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝThe€trial€court€observed€as€much€at€the€motion€for€new€trial.,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular -Ý ƒ„$ÝÒ°ÒÔ€XO-XXXÔà ` àòòÚ  Ú4Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝA€photograph€of€the€victim€taken€during€the€time€period€of€the€crimesÐ `  Ðappears€as€a€trial€exhibit.€€The€defendant's€height€and€weight€are€found€in€theÏpresentence€report.3|x«<þ6X9`(CourierXôxþ6X@ɹ`7ûX@($¡¡, øð AZ"Arial RegularäEåæUç)eèéUêEëìíîEïðDñòUóDôõöE÷øUùDúûEüýEþÿUÓ€ Ìqæ$ ðÝ ƒ6d$ÝÒ°ÒÔ€XéXXXÔà ` àòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝIn€accord€with€court€custom,€we€refer€to€the€name€of€this€minor€victim€ofÐ `  Ðsexual€abuse€by€his€initials€only.(I(26d$¤¤Ý ƒ !ÝÝ  ÝÒ°ÒÔ€XéXXXÔà ` àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular ÐÝ ƒ„$ÝÒ°ÒÔ€X/XXXÔà ` àòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝElmore€testified€he€met€D.O.'s€mother€in€1987.€€They€married€in€AugustÐ `  Ð1988.,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular ÍÝ ƒ„$ÝÒ°ÒÔ€XO-XXXÔà ` àòòÚ  Ú5Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝAlthough€the€trial€court€did€not€make€findings€of€fact€at€the€time€it€imposedÐ `  Ðconsecutive€sentencing,€the€court€did€make€findings€of€fact€immediately€prior€toÏannouncing€its€sentencing€determinations.€€We€disagree€with€the€defendant'sÏcontention€that€the€trial€court€failed€to€state€the€reasons€why€it€found€section€40„¼35„115(b)(5)€applicable.€€Moreover,€to€the€extent€that€the€defendant€may€takeÏissue€with€the€sufficiency€of€the€trial€court's€findings€of€fact,€we€find€any€errorÏharmless.€€The€record€clearly€supports€the€applicability€of€section€40„35„¼115(b)(5)€as€detailed€above. ­Ý ƒ„$ÝÒ°ÒÔ€X/XXXÔà ` àòòÚ  Ú3Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝThe€trial€court€observed€as€much€at€the€motion€for€new€trial.(3¯$¢¢Ý ƒ !ÝÝ  Ý µÝ ƒ„$ÝÒ°ÒÔ€XO-XXXÔà ` àòòÚ  Ú6Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ýò òThe€trial€court€did€not€consider€the€òòWilkersonóó€factors.€€ó ó -Ý ƒ„$ÝÒ°ÒÔ€X/XXXÔà ` àòòÚ  Ú4Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝA€photograph€of€the€victim€taken€during€the€time€period€of€the€crimesÐ `  Ðappears€as€a€trial€exhibit.€€The€defendant's€height€and€weight€are€found€in€theÏpresentence€report. ÍÝ ƒ„$ÝÒ°ÒÔ€X/XXXÔà ` àòòÚ  Ú5Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝAlthough€the€trial€court€did€not€make€findings€of€fact€at€the€time€it€imposedÐ `  Ðconsecutive€sentencing,€the€court€did€make€findings€of€fact€immediately€prior€toÏannouncing€its€sentencing€determinations.€€We€disagree€with€the€defendant'sÏcontention€that€the€trial€court€failed€to€state€the€reasons€why€it€found€section€40„¼35„115(b)(5)€applicable.€€Moreover,€to€the€extent€that€the€defendant€may€takeÏissue€with€the€sufficiency€of€the€trial€court's€findings€of€fact,€we€find€any€errorÏharmless.€€The€record€clearly€supports€the€applicability€of€section€40„35„¼115(b)(5)€as€detailed€above.,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular Ý ƒ¯"ÝÝ  ÝÔ€XéXXXÔÔ€ XXéÔÓ  ÓÔ Ad ÔFILEDÔ€XéX ÔÐ  ÐÌò òSeptember€9,€1998Ð šš ÐÌCecil€Crowson,€Jr.ÌÔ€ô‹ ôXXéÔAppellate€Court€Clerkó ó,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular Ý ƒ¯"ÝÝ  ÝÔ€XéXXXÔÔ€ XXéÔÓ  ÓÔ Ad ÔFILEDÔ€XéX ÔÐ  ÐÌò òSeptember€8,€1998Ð šš ÐÌCecil€Crowson,€Jr.ÌÔ€ô‹ ôXXéÔAppellate€Court€Clerkó ó,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular!#$&Cþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5 d(3¯$££Ý ƒ !ÝÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó(('÷ÿ dxdüÿP Pd""""'ÿÿdxdÝ ƒ !ÝÝ  Ýñçñ›ñçññçñ›ñçñÑ` °ÑÒ°ÒÓ  ÓÑTR[  AØ'Legal3Ø' AØ'redlineÿ3Ø'TÑÔ€ XÒ XXXÔÑ7€ Ò  XXdðXXdð7ÑÑ  Ñññœñññ ñññßr€ )<,(j 8` `€€@EÈf ` ttx$` ð Úrßñññ ññ ñßr€ )<,(j 8` `€€@EÈf ` ttx$` ð Úrßñ ñññ›ññÌÑ€Ñò òà@ àIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEˆÐ P ð ÐÌ€à@::'àAT€KNOXVILLEˆÐ 0 Ð ÐÌà@$àAPRIL€1998€SESSIONó óˆÐ ° ÐÌÌÌò òSTATE€OF€TENNESSEE,€à À àà  àó ó)Ð Ðp  Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à)à p àÐ À`  Ðà ` àà ¸ àAppellee,à h àà À àà  à)à p àC.C.A.€No.€03C01„9711„CR„00514Ð °P  Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à)Ìvs.à ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à)à p àKnox€Countyà x àÐ 0  Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à)Ìò òCLINT€ñçñœñçñELMORE,à  àà h àñçñ›ñçñà À àó óà  à)à p àHon.€Mary€Beth€Leibowitz,€Judge€ò òÐ p Ðó óà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à)Ð ` Ðà ` àà ¸ àAppellant.à h àà À àà  à)à p à(Aggravated€Rape,Ð Pð Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à)à p àAttempted€Aggravated€Rape€(3€cts.))Ð @à ÐÌÌÌFOR€THE€APPELLANT:à h àà À àà  àà p àFOR€THE€APPELLEE:Ð   ÐÌò òJEFFREY€WHITT€(at€trial€and€on€appeal)à p àJOHN€KNOX€WALKUPÐ à€ ÐRICHARD€CLARK€(at€trial)ó óà À àà  àà p àAttorney€General€&€ReporterÐ Ð p Ð706€Walnut€St.,€Ste.€902ÌñçñœñçñKnoxville,€TN€37902à h àñçñ›ñçñà À àà  àà p àò òELIZABETH€B.€MARNEYó óÐ °"P Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àà p àAsst.€Attorney€GeneralÌò òà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àà p àó ó425€Fifth€Ave.€N.,€2d€Floorò òÐ $0 Ðó óà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àà p àNashville,€TN€€37243„0493Ð €%  ÐÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àà p àò òRANDALL€E.€NICHOLSó óÐ `'  Ðò òà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àà p àó óDistrict€Attorney€GeneralÐ P(ð! ÐÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àà0 p àò òCHARME€JOHNSONÐ0*Ð #p(#p(# Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àà p àCHARLES€CERNYó óÐ  +À!$ Ðà0 ` àà0¸ ` (#` (#àà0¸ (#¸ (#àà0h(#(#àà0Àh(#h(#àà0À(#À(#àà0p(#(#àAsst.€District€Attorneys€GeneralÐ p(#p(# Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àà p àCity„County€BuildingÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àà p àKnoxville,€TN€€37902ÌÌò òÌOPINION€FILED:________________ÌÌñçñœñçñAFFIRMED€„€AGGRAVATEDñçñ›ñçñ€RAPE€AND€2€ñçñœñçñCOUNTS€ATTEMPTEDñçñ›ñçñÏAGGRAVATED€RAPEÌÌREVERSED€&€DISMISSED€„€1€ñçñœñçñCOUNTñçñ›ñçñ€ATTEMPTED€AGGRAVATED€RAPEÌÌCURWOOD€WITT,€JUDGEó óÐ P7ð-1 ÐÐ  @8à.2  Ðà@qq*àò òòòOPINIONó óóóˆÐ `  ÐÌÓÓà ` àà ¸ àThe€defendant,€Clint€ñçñœñçñElmore,ñçñ›ñçñ€appeals€his€convictions€of€aggravatedÏrape€and€three€counts€of€attempted€aggravated€rape.€€Elmore€was€convicted€at€aÏjury€trial€in€the€Knox€County€Criminal€Court.€€His€convictions€relate€to€incidents€ofÏsexual€abuse€œñèñof€ñèññçñœñçñElmoreððsñçñ›ñçñ›€ñçñœñçñstepson.ñçñ›ñçñ€€In€this€direct€appeal,€Elmore€raises€severalÏissues€for€our€consideration:ÌÓÓà8 ` à1.à0¸ ` Ð ` Ð àWhether€the€evidence€is€sufficient€to€sustain€his€threeÐ  @  Ðattempted€aggravated€rape€convictions.Ð ¸ Ð ¸ Ð  ÐÌà8 ` à2.à0¸ ` Ð ` Ð àWhether€the€trial€court€erred€in€denying€the€defense's€requestÐ p Ðto€recall€the€victim€during€its€case„in„chief.Ð ¸ Ð ¸ Ð  ÐÌà8 ` à3.à0¸ ` Ð ` Ð àWhether€the€trial€court€erred€in€allowing€the€state€to€strike€aÐ @à Ðmale€member€of€the€jury€panel.Ð ¸ Ð ¸ Ð  ÐÌà8 ` à4.à0¸ ` Ð ` Ð àWhether€the€trial€court€erred€in€denying€the€jury's€requestÐ ° Ðduring€deliberations€to€review€all€of€the€state's€witnesses'Ïtestimony.Ð ¸ Ð ¸ Ð  ÐÌà8 ` à5.à0¸ ` Ð ` Ð àWhether€the€sentence€imposed€is€excessive.ÐÐ p¸ Ð ¸ Ð  ÐÌÓÓAfter€a€review€of€the€record€and€the€briefs€of€the€parties,€we€affirm€the€defendant'sÏconvictions€of€aggravated€rape€and€two€counts€of€attempted€aggravated€rape.€€WeÏreverse€and€dismiss€the€remaining€attempted€aggravated€rape€conviction€forÏinsufficient€evidence.ÌÌà ` àà ¸ àIn€September€1990,€Elmore€was€married€to€Michelle€Elmore.€€Ms.ÏElmore€had€two€children€from€a€previous€marriage€who€lived€in€the€marital€home.€ÏThe€defendant€worked€during€the€day,€and€Ms.€Elmore€worked€in€the€afternoonsÏand€evenings.€€Ms.€Elmore€left€her€children€in€her€husband's€care€while€she€was€atÏwork.ÌÌâ âœñøñÐ P7ð-1 Ðñøñ›à ` àà ¸ àOn€September€3,€1990,€D.O.׃×Ý ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€attained€his€seventh€birthday.€€D.O.€isÐ `  Ðâ âone€of€Ms.€Elmore's€children€and€the€victim€in€this€case.€€D.O.€testified€at€trial€thatÏwhen€he€was€in€the€second€grade,€the€defendant€sexually€assaulted€him€on€oneÏoccasion€and€attempted€to€do€so€on€three€others.€€Once€when€the€victim€was€aboutÏto€take€a€bath,€the€defendant€came€in€the€bathroom.€€The€victim€thought€at€first€theÏdefendant€was€using€the€bathroom.€€However,€the€defendant€asked€D.O.,€who€wasÏnaked,€to€sit€on€his€lap.€€D.O.€complied€with€his€step„father's€request.€€TheÏdefendant€put€his€"private€part"€in€the€victim's€"butt"€and€moved€the€victim€back€andÏforth.€€This€hurt€the€victim.€ÌÌà ` àà ¸ àThe€victim€further€recounted€that€on€two€other€occasions,€he€and€theÏdefendant€were€in€the€living€room€when€the€victim's€sister€was€at€a€neighbor'sÏhouse.€€The€defendant€asked€the€victim€to€"suck€his€private."€€€€Before€the€defendantÏmade€these€requests,€he€unzipped€his€pants€and€took€out€his€"private."€€The€victimÏdifferentiated€between€these€two€occasions€by€recalling€that€during€one€he€wasÏstanding€and€on€the€other€he€was€sitting.€€ÌÌà ` àà ¸ àThe€victim€recalled€a€fourth€incident€when€the€defendant€came€in€theÏbathroom€and€"tried€one€more€time."€€However,€the€victim€said,€"It€didn't€happen.€ÏHe€asked."€€The€victim€was€not€specific€about€what€œtheñùñ€victimñùññúñ€dñúññûññúñfñúññûññýññüñdfendany=ñüññýññþñefendantñþñ›€asked.ÌÌà ` àà ¸ àMichelle€Elmore€testified€that€the€defendant€kept€her€children€whileÏshe€was€at€work€during€the€relevant€time€period.€€Shortly€before€November€1990,ÏD.O.€would€cry€and€ask€her€to€stay€home€from€work,€which€was€not€typical€behaviorÏfor€him.€€She€recalled€D.O.€telling€her€that€the€defendant€had€asked€D.O.€to€give€him€œñÿñÌÐ L6ì,2 Ðñÿña›€"blow€job."€€She€confronted€the€defendant€about€this,€and€he€explained€that€heÏwas€just€trying€to€find€out€how€much€D.O.€knew€about€sex.€ÌÌà ` àà ¸ àMichelle€Elmore€admitted€she€gives€her€children€medication€from€timeÏto€time.€€She€denied€giving€them€enemas€for€constipation.€€She€admitted,€however,Ïshe€had€asked€the€defendant€to€purchase€an€enema€for€her€own€use.ÌÌà ` àà ¸ àDebbie€Greene,€a€sex€abuse€investigator€with€the€Department€ofÏChildren€Services,€interviewed€D.O.€while€investigating€an€unrelated€case.€€D.O.,Ïwho€was€by€this€time€eight€years€old,€divulged€the€defendant's€prior€abuse€of€himÏto€Ms.€Greene.€€ÌÌà ` àà ¸ àDoctor€Mary€Palmer€Campbell,€a€pediatrician,€examined€D.O.€as€aÏresult€of€the€report€to€Ms.€Greene.€€She€observed€scarring€of€the€rectal€tissue€fromÏthe€11:00€to€1:00€positions€in€a€stellate€pattern.€€She€also€observed€flat€tissue€at€theÏ12:00€position,€indicating€damage.€€She€also€observed€the€appearance€of€thin€skinÏat€4:00€and€5:00€with€bluish€discoloration.€€Her€findings€were€consistent€with€aÏhistory€of€anal€penetration.€€She€could€not,€however,€give€an€opinion€on€the€age€ofÏthe€scars,€other€than€to€say€they€had€resulted€from€trauma€more€than€48€to€72€hoursÏearlier.ÌÌà ` àà ¸ àDoctor€Campbell€testified€that€a€child€might€have€scarring€fromÏconstipation,€although€it€would€typically€be€found€at€the€12:00€or€6:00€positions.€€SheÏsaid€she€had€ñçñœñçñneverñçñ›ñçñ€seen€worse€scarring€ñçñœñçñthan€what€she€found€with€D.O.ñçñ›ñçñÌÌà ` àà ¸ àThe€defendant€testified€that€he€had€œñíñnñíññîññíñrñíññîññïñever€ñïñtouched›€the€victim€in€"badÏplaces"€or€asked€the€victim€to€touch€him€in€"bad€places."€€He€said€he€worked€180€toÏ190€hours€every€two€weeks€in€September€1990,€and€during€other€months€he€workedÐ ä9„06 Ðan€average€of€50€to€70€hours€per€week.€€Elmore€thought€D.O.€held€his€parents'Ð ä9„06 Ðdivorce€against€Elmore€at€first,׃×Ý ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€but€at€the€time€of€the€alleged€abuse€they€wereÐ  À Ðgetting€along€ñçñœñçñfine,€despite€having€some€arguments.ñçñ›ñçñÌÌà ` àà ¸ àThe€defendant€recalled€that€both€of€his€step„children€had€"large€bowelÏproblems"€according€to€the€report€Michelle€Elmore€gave€him.€€The€defendantÏremembered€buying€suppositories€and€enemas€for€his€wife.€€She€used€these€thingsÏon€the€children€for€their€constipation.ÌÌà ` àà ¸ àTwo€character€witnesses€testified€that€the€defendant€was€honest.€€TheÏwitnesses€were€surprised€by€the€charges€against€the€defendant.ÌÌà ` àà ¸ àThe€jury€found€the€defendant€guilty€of€aggravated€rape€by€analÏpenetration,€attempted€aggravated€rape€by€anal€penetration,€and€two€counts€ofÏattempted€aggravated€rape€by€fellatio.€€The€trial€court€thereafter€sentenced€theÏdefendant€to€an€effective€30€year€sentence€in€the€Department€of€Correction.€€ThisÏappeal€addresses€those€convictions€and€the€sentence.ÌÌà@ÐÐ-àò òAó óˆÐ - #& Ðà ` àà ¸ àFirst,€the€defendant€challenges€the€sufficiency€of€the€convictingÏevidence€of€the€three€counts€of€attempted€aggravated€rape.€€WÔ‡X/XX X/Ôhen€a€defendantÐ À0`'* Ðchallenges€the€sufficiency€of€the€evidence,€an€appellate€courtððs€standard€of€reviewÏis,€whether€after€considering€the€evidence€in€the€light€most€favorable€to€theÏprosecution,€òòanyóó€rational€trier€of€fact€could€have€found€the€essential€elements€of€theÐ `6-0 Ðcrime€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt.€€òòJackson€v.€Virginiaóó,€443€U.S.€307,€324,€99€S.€Ct.Ð `  Ð2781,€2791„92€(1979);€òòState€v.€Duncanóó,€698€S.W.2d€63,€67€(Tenn.€1985);€Tenn.€R.Ð @ à ÐApp.€P.€13(e).€€This€rule€is€applicable€to€findings€of€guilt€based€upon€direct€evidence,Ïcircumstantial€evidence,€or€a€combination€of€direct€and€circumstantial€evidence.€ÏòòState€v.€Dykesóó,€803€S.W.2d€250,€253€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1990).€€€Ô#† X/XXX/>+#ÔÐ à€ ÐÌÔ‡X/XX X/Ôà ` àà ¸ àIn€determining€the€sufficiency€of€the€evidence,€this€court€should€notÐ  @  Ðreweigh€or€reevaluate€the€evidence.€€òòState€v.€Matthewsóó,€805€S.W.2d€776,€779Ð €  Ð(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1990).€€Questions€concerning€the€credibility€of€the€witnesses,€theÏweight€and€value€of€the€evidence,€as€well€as€all€factual€issues€raised€by€theÏevidence€are€resolved€by€the€trier€of€fact.€€òòState€v.€Cabbageóó,€571€S.W.2d€832,€835Ð  À Ð(Tenn.€1978).€€Nor€may€this€court€substitute€its€inferences€for€those€drawn€by€theÏtrier€of€fact€from€the€evidence.€€òòLiakas€v.€Stateóó,€199€Tenn.€298,€305,€286€S.W.2dÐ à€ Ð856,859€(1956);€€òòFarmer€v.€Stateóó,€574€S.W.2d€49,€51€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1978).€€OnÐ À!` Ðthe€contrary,€this€court€is€required€to€afford€the€State€of€Tennessee€the€strongestÏlegitimate€view€of€the€evidence€contained€in€the€record€as€well€as€all€reasonable€andÏlegitimate€inferences€which€may€be€drawn€from€the€evidence.€€òòCabbageóó,€571Ð `'  ÐS.W.2d€at€835.Ô#† X/XXX/˜.#ÔÐ @)à" ÐÌà ` àà ¸ àAt€the€time€of€these€offenses,€aggravated€rape€included€the€"unlawfulÏsexual€penetration€of€a€victim€by€the€defendant€or€the€defendant€by€a€victim€.€.€.Ï[where€t]he€victim€is€less€than€thirteen€(13)€years€of€age."€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„¼13„502(a)(4)€œ(1991)ñìñ€(amended€1993)ñìñ.›€€"Sexual€penetration"€includes€both€fellatioÏand€anal€intercourse.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„13„501(7)€(1997).€€ÌñçñœñçñÌñçñ›ñçñà ` àà ¸ àAttempt€occurs€where€a€person,€ÌÓÓñçñœñçñÐ  :À04 Ðñçñ›ñçñà8 ` àacting€with€the€kind€of€culpability€otherwise€required€for€the€offense:Ï(1)€€Intentionally€engages€in€conduct€or€causes€a€result€that€wouldÏconstitute€an€offense€if€the€circumstances€surrounding€the€conductÏwere€as€the€person€believes€them€to€be;€(2)€€Acts€with€intent€to€causeÏa€result€that€is€an€element€of€the€offense,€and€believes€the€conductÏwill€cause€the€result€without€further€conduct€on€the€person's€part;€orÏ(3)€€Acts€with€the€intent€to€complete€a€course€of€action€or€cause€aÏresult€that€would€constitute€the€offense,€under€the€circumstancesÏsurrounding€the€conduct€as€the€person€believes€them€to€be,€and€theÏconduct€constitutes€a€substantial€step€toward€the€commission€of€theÏoffense.Ð ` Ð ` Ð  ÐÌÓÓTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„12„101(a)€(1997).€€In€order€for€an€attempt€to€be€committed,Ïthe€defendant€must€have€the€intent€to€commit€the€crime,€perform€an€overt€act,€andÏfail€to€consummate€the€crime.€€òòGervin€v.€Stateóó,€212€Tenn.€653,€657,€371€S.W.2dÐ ` Ð449,€451€(1963).ÌÌà ` àà ¸ àIn€the€light€most€favorable€to€the€state,€on€two€occasions€theÏdefendant€unzipped€his€pants,€took€out€his€penis€and€asked€his€stepson€to€ñçñœñçñfellateÏœñðñthe›Ïdefendantñðññññhimñññ.›€€Fromñçñ›ñçñ€this€evidence,€a€rational€jury€could€conclude€that€the€defendant€actedÏculpably€by€removing€his€sexual€organ€from€his€clothing€and,€using€the€advantageÏof€his€custodial€authority€over€the€seven„year„old€victim,€asking€the€victim€to€performÏa€sexual€act.€€òòSeeóó€òòMcEwing€v.€Stateóó,€134€Tenn.€649,€ñçñœñçñ653,€185ñçñ›ñçñ€S.W.€688,€689€(1916)Ð `'  Ð("[T]here€must€be€some€overt€act,€evidencing,€not€only€a€purpose€to€commit€theÏcrime,€but€indicating€the€beginning€of€its€ñçñœñçñexecution.");€ñçñò òñçñÔ‡X/XX X/Ôñçñó óñçñÔ#† X/XXX/f<#Ôòòcfóó.€òòState€v.€Gordon€AllenÐ  +À!$ ÐFurchesóó,€No.€03C01„9205„€CR„00164€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,€Knoxville,€Jan.€13,€1993)Ð - #& Ð(evidence€sufficient€to€sustain€defendantððs€conviction€of€attempted€rape€where€heÏgained€entry€to€victimððs€apartment€by€trickery,€ordered€victim€at€gunpoint€to€lie€onÏbed,€assured€the€victim€he€would€not€hurt€her,€began€removing€his€clothing,€then€leftÏthe€victimððs€œapartmentñêññéñÌÌ)ñéññêññëñ)ñëñ,›€òòperm.€app.€deniedóó€(Tenn.€1993).Ð €4 +. ÐÌà ` àà ¸ àHowever,€we€are€unpersuaded€of€the€sufficiency€of€the€convicting€œñòñÌÐ  :À04 Ðñòñevidence›€regarding€the€attempted€aggravated€rape€by€anal€penetration.€€At€trial,ÏD.O.€testified€on€direct€examination€about€the€anal€penetration€in€the€bathroom€andÏthe€two€incidents€of€attempted€fellatio€in€the€living€room.€€He€mentioned€nothingÏabout€a€fourth€incident€on€direct€examination.€€During€cross„examination,€defenseÏcounsel€asked€D.O.€about€the€rape€in€the€bathroom.€€Immediately€following€that€lineÏof€questioning,€the€following€exchange€occurred.ÌÓÓà8 ` àQà0¸ ` Ð ` Ð àWould€it€surprise€you€that€[sic]€if€I€told€you€the€last€time€youÐ  @  Ðtestified€that€you€said€that€wasn't€the€only€thing€that€happenedÏin€that€bathroom,€would€that€surprise€you?Ð ¸ Ð ¸ Ð  ÐÌà8 ` àAà0¸ ` Ð ` Ð àYeah.Ð`¸ Ð ¸ Ð  ÐÌà0 ` à.€.€.€Ð ` (#` (# ÐÌà8 ` àQà0¸ ` Ð ` Ð àDo€you€remember€testifying€that€you€said€that€"Buck"€came€intoÐ  À Ðthe€bathroom€and€tried€to€do€this€to€you€in€the€bathroomÏbefore?Ð ¸ Ð ¸ Ð  ÐÌà8 ` àAà0¸ ` Ð ` Ð àYes,€he€tried€one€more€time.Ðà€¸ Ð ¸ Ð  ÐÌà8 ` àQà0¸ ` Ð ` Ð àSo€now,€did€anything€happen€in€the€bathroom€other€than€thisÐ À!` Ðone€time?Ð ¸ Ð ¸ Ð  ÐÌà8 ` àAà0¸ ` Ð ` Ð àIt€didn't€happen.€€He€asked.Ð$0¸ Ð ¸ Ð  ÐÌà8 ` àQà0¸ ` Ð ` Ð àYou€said€he€just€asked?Ðp&¸ Ð ¸ Ð  ÐÌà8 ` àAà0¸ ` Ð ` Ð àYes.ÐP(ð!¸ Ð ¸ Ð  ÐÌÓÓEven€in€the€light€most€favorable€to€the€state,€we€do€not€view€this€testimony€as€proofÏbeyond€a€reasonable€doubt€of€attempted€aggravated€rape€by€anal€penetration.€ÏThere€is€no€evidence€of€what€specific€act€the€defendant€asked€the€victim€to€performÏor€to€allow€the€defendant€to€perform,€nor€is€there€evidence€of€any€overt€action€theÏdefendant€committed€toward€completion€of€the€offense.€Accordingly,€it€is€ourÏresponsibility€to€reverse€and€dismiss€Elmore's€conviction€of€attempted€aggravatedÏrape€by€anal€penetration.ÌÌÐ 09Ð/3 Ðà@àà,àò òIIó óˆÐ `  Ðà ` àà ¸ àNext,€we€consider€the€trial€court's€denial€of€the€defendant's€request€toÏrecall€D.O.€during€his€case„in„chief.€€In€his€appellate€brief,€the€defendant€has€citedÏno€authority€whatsoever€in€support€of€his€claim€that€he€was€denied€a€fair€trial€by€theÏtrial€court's€action.€€Accordingly,€the€issue€has€been€waived.€€Tenn.€R.€App.€P.Ï27(a)(7),€(h);€Tenn.€R.€Ct.€Crim.€App.€10(b).ÌÌà ` àà ¸ àAdditionally,€the€defense€failed€to€make€an€offer€of€proof€of€D.O.'sÏtestimony€either€during€a€jury„out€hearing€at€trial€or€at€the€hearing€on€the€motion€forÏnew€trial.€€Without€an€offer€of€proof,€we€have€no€way€of€assessing€whether€anyÏalleged€error€on€the€part€of€the€trial€judge€was€prejudicial.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Goadóó,€707Ð  À ÐS.W.2d€846,€852„53€(Tenn.€1986).€€The€duty€of€this€court€is€one€of€legal€analysis,Ïnot€speculation.€€The€issue€has€been€waived€on€this€basis,€as€well.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€R.Ð à€ ÐApp.€P.€36(a).ÌÌà@ÄÄ,àò òIIIó óˆÐ €%  Ðà ` àà ¸ àThird,€we€must€consider€whether€the€trial€court€allowed€the€state€toÏexercise€a€peremptory€challenge€to€strike€a€male€member€of€the€jury€panel€forÏinsufficient€cause.€€The€essence€of€the€defendant's€complaint€is€that€the€stateÏsought€a€jury€panel€consisting€primarily€of€women€because€women€are€less€likelyÏthan€men€to€be€accused€of€rape,€the€crime€on€trial.ÌÌà ` àà ¸ àThe€United€States€Supreme€Court€has€said€it€is€constitutionallyÏimpermissible€to€strike€prospective€jurors€solely€on€the€basis€of€their€gender.€€òòJ.E.B.Ð €4 +. Ðv.€Alabama€ex€rel.€T.B.óó,€511€U.S.€127,€114€S.€Ct.€1419€(1994);€òòsee€alsoóó€òòState€v.Ð `6-0 ÐTurneróó,€879€S.W.2d€819€(Tenn.€1994).€€If€a€party€seeks€to€test€an€opposing€party'sÐ @8à.2 Ðuse€of€a€peremptory€challenge,€it€must€make€out€a€òòprima€facieóó€case€that€theÐ  :À04 Ðchallenged€juror€is€being€stricken€for€a€discriminatory€purpose.€€òòSeeóó€òòBatson€v.Ð `  ÐKentuckyóó,€476€U.S.€79,€93„97,€106€S.€Ct.€1712,€1721„23€(1986)€(raceÐ @ à Ðdiscrimination);€òòPurkett€v.€Elemóó,€514€U.S.€765,€767„68,€115€S.€Ct.€1769,€1770„71Ð  À Ð(1995)€(race€discrimination).€€Then,€the€party€which€exercised€the€challenge€mayÏrebut€the€òòprima€facieóó€case€of€discrimination€by€offering€a€gender„neutral€explanationÐ à€ Ðfor€the€strike.€òòSeeóó€òòBatsonóó,€476€U.S.€at€97,€106€S.€Ct.€at€1723.€€While€a€gender„Ð À`  Ðneutral€explanation€will€satisfy€the€burden€of€production,€the€trial€court€retains€theÏauthority€to€find€that€the€challenge€was€exercised€upon€a€gender„based€motive€andÏdisallow€excusing€of€the€juror.€€òòSeeóó€òòWoodson€v.€Porter€Brown€Limestone€Co.óó,€916Ð ` ÐS.W.2d€896,€906€(Tenn.€1996)€(race€discrimination).€€On€appellate€review,€the€trialÏcourt's€findings€of€fact€are€afforded€great€deference€and€will€be€set€aside€only€ifÏclearly€erroneous.€€òòSeeóó€òòWoodsonóó,€916€S.W.2d€at€906.Ð   ÐÌà ` àà ¸ àIn€the€case€at€bar,€eighteen€prospective€jurors€were€seated€initially.€€ÏWe€circumstantially€infer€from€their€names€and€the€titles€used€by€the€attorneys€inÏaddressing€them€that€nine€were€women€and€nine€were€men.ñçñ׃×ñçññçñ׃×ñçñÝ ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú3Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€€During€the€entireÐ €%  Ðselection€process,€the€defendant€struck€four€women€and€three€men,€and€the€stateÏstruck€one€woman€and€four€men.€€The€final€panel€consisted€of€ten€women€and€twoÏmen€and€a€female€alternate.€€ÌÌà ` àà ¸ àNotably,€the€defense€never€objected€to€any€of€the€state's€peremptoryÏchallenges.€€At€one€point,€the€court€òòsua€sponteóó€asked€for€a€bench€conference.€€TheÐ À0`'* Ðcourt€inquired€of€the€prosecutor€why€it€had€just€challenged€one€of€the€male€jurors.€ÏThe€prosecutor€explained€she€had€stricken€the€juror€"because€he's€not€payingÏattention€to€anything€that€is€going€on€in€the€courtroom."€€The€court€found€thisÐ `6-0 Ð"reasonable"€and€allowed€the€challenge€to€stand.€€After€the€jury€was€selected,€theÏdefense€then€raised€an€objection€to€the€state's€challenge€of€men€from€the€panel.€ÏThe€prosecutor€said€she€had€not€used€gender€as€a€basis€for€any€of€her€peremptoryÏchallenges,€and€the€court€noted€that€both€sides€struck€approximately€the€sameÏnumber€of€men.ÌÌà ` àà ¸ àAffording€proper€deference€to€the€trial€court's€determination,€we€findÏno€clear€error€in€its€finding€that€the€prosecutor€did€not€engage€in€genderÏdiscrimination.€€First€and€foremost,€the€trial€court€found€the€prosecutor's€explanationÏcredible.€€€òòCfóó.€òòState€v.€Tremaile€Maloneóó,€No.€03C01„9510„CC„00314,€slip€op.€at€3„4Ð @à Ð(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,€Knoxville,€Mar.€20,€1997)€(peremptory€challenge€notÏdiscriminatorily€exercised€where€prosecutor€said€prospective€juror€seemed€bored,Ïinattentive€and€resentful),€òòperm.€app.€deniedóó€(Tenn.€1997).€€Additionally,€the€stateÐ à€ Ðchallenged€individuals€of€both€sexes.€€Some€of€the€men€on€the€venire€were€strickenÏby€the€defense.€€Viewing€the€jury€selection€process€in€its€entirety,€the€recordÏindicates€a€fair€selection€process€which€happened€to€result€in€a€predominatelyÏfemale€panel.ÌÌœñïñò òó óñïñ›à ` àà ¸ àFurthermore,€the€defense€failed€to€raise€the€issue€at€the€time€any€ofÏthe€challenges€were€exercised€by€the€state.€€The€remedy€for€the€discriminatoryÏexercise€of€a€peremptory€challenge€is€for€the€court€to€disallow€€the€exclusion€of€theÏchallenged€juror.€€òòWoodsonóó,€916€S.W.2d€at€906„07.€€Here,€the€defense€failed€toÐ À0`'* Ðraise€its€objections€in€time€to€allow€the€court€to€cure€any€alleged€discrimination.€ÏHaving€failed€to€prevent€the€alleged€error€from€occurring,€the€defense€is€not€entitledÏto€appellate€relief.€€Tenn.€R.€App.€P.€36(a).ÌÌÐ  :À04 Ðà@¹¹,àò òIVó óˆÐ `  Ðà ` àà ¸ àThe€next€issue€is€whether€the€trial€court€erred€in€denying€the€jury'sÏrequest€during€deliberations€to€review€all€of€the€state's€witnesses'€testimony.€€ÌÌà ` àà ¸ àIn€Tennessee,€the€decision€whether€to€allow€the€jury€to€reviewÏevidence€during€deliberations€is€governed€by€Standards€of€the€American€BarÏAssociation.ÌÓÓà8 ` à(a)à ¸ àIf€the€jury,€after€retiring€for€deliberation,€requests€a€review€ofÐ €  Ðcertain€testimony€or€other€evidence,€they€shall€be€conducted€to€theÏcourtroom.€€òòWhenever€the€jury's€request€is€reasonableóó,€the€court,€afterÐ ` Ðnotice€to€the€prosecutor€and€counsel€for€the€defense,€shall€have€theÏrequested€parts€of€the€testimony€read€to€the€jury€and€shall€permit€theÏjury€to€re„examine€the€requested€materials€admitted€into€evidence.Ð ` Ð ` Ð  ÐÌà8 ` à(b)à ¸ àThe€court€need€not€submit€evidence€to€the€jury€for€reviewÐ ° Ðbeyond€that€specifically€requested€by€the€jury,€but€in€its€discretion€theÏcourt€may€also€have€the€jury€review€other€evidence€relating€to€theÏsame€factual€issue€so€as€not€to€give€undue€prominence€to€theÏevidence€requested.Ð ` Ð ` Ð  ÐÌÓÓòòState€v.€Jenkinsóó,€845€S.W.2d€787,€793€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1987)€(quoting€ABAÐ °"P ÐStandard€15„4.2(a))€(emphasis€added).€€On€appellate€review,€we€will€disturb€the€trialÏcourt's€ruling€only€if€an€abuse€of€discretion€is€shown.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Steven€Radleyóó,Ð p& ÐNo.€01C01„9311„CC„00382,€slip€op.€at€7€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,€Nashville,€July€7,€1994),Ïòòperm.€app.€deniedóó€(Tenn.€1994).Ð 0*Ð # ÐÌà ` àà ¸ àIn€this€case,€the€court€found€the€jury's€request€to€review€the€testimonyÏof€all€of€the€state's€witnesses€and€none€of€the€defense€witnesses€unreasonable.€ÏThe€court€rationalized€that€the€likelihood€of€prejudice€to€the€defendant€was€highÏbecause€granting€the€request€would€place€undue€emphasis€on€the€state's€evidence.€ÏFurthermore,€the€court€reasoned,€the€only€way€to€effectively€cure€the€undueÏemphasis€would€be€to€have€the€jury€review€the€defense€witnesses'€testimony,€asÏwell.€€The€court€found€this€alternative€unreasonable€because€it€would€effectivelyÐ 09Ð/3 Ðinvolve€review€of€the€òòentireóó€trial.€€Ð `  ÐÌà ` àà ¸ àWe€are€unpersuaded€by€the€defendant's€argument€that€the€trial€courtÏshould€have€granted€the€jury's€request€because€he€consented€to€the€requestedÏaction.€€The€trial€court€properly€perceived€its€duty€as€one€of€ensuring€fairness€and€Ïjustice,€rather€than€one€of€simply€following€the€path€of€least€resistance.€€We€see€noÏabuse€of€discretion€in€the€ruling.ÌÌà@ÕÕ-àò òVó óˆÐ ` Ðà ` àà ¸ àFinally,€the€defendant€challenges€his€sentence€as€excessive.€€He€isÏserving€an€effective€sentence€of€30€years€„„€22€years€for€aggravated€rapeÏconsecutively€to€concurrent€sentences€of€eight€years€for€each€attempted€aggravatedÏrape€conviction.ÌÌà ` àà ¸ àÔ‡X/XX X/ÔIn€determining€whether€the€trial€court€has€properly€sentenced€anÐ  #@ Ðindividual,€this€court€engages€in€a€òòde€novoóó€review€of€the€record€with€a€presumptionÐ €%  Ðthat€the€trial€court's€determinations€were€correct.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„401(d)Ï(1997).€€This€presumption€is€"conditioned€upon€the€affirmative€showing€in€the€recordÏthat€the€trial€court€considered€the€sentencing€principles€and€all€relevant€facts€andÏcircumstances.ðð€€òòState€v.€Ashbyóó,€823€S.W.2d€166,€169€(Tenn.€1991).€€In€conductingÐ - #& Ðour€òòde€novoóó€review,€we€must€consider€the€evidence€at€sentencing,€the€presentenceÐ à.€%( Ðreport,€the€sentencing€principles,€the€arguments€of€counsel,€the€statements€of€theÏdefendant,€the€nature€and€characteristics€of€the€offense,€any€mitigating€andÏenhancement€factors,€and€the€defendantððs€amenability€to€rehabilitation.€€Tenn.€CodeÏAnn.€ðððð€40„35„210(b),€40„35„103(5)€(1997);€òòAshbyóó,€823€S.W.2d€at€168.€€Ô#† X/XXX/