WPC' o8-7f@e͸d'cOY1woWiHhDP , 4was#ͯO"K Ƴ[1\ySawޛ &K V"眆?9MW[ C,'S6L(-H\ƶļ,nW~9sYkIS*p|*dR]~8_h"}DzN-1-8HWUu/z<ƽsP89{\k돮B-e3zJĤ4\2S렒h20Jnl{k}%X=) %>w@D 0U:`4f 0 n 0D  t0U:J(U:SU:91s1 U:# AQ$(`$U:%%%%%% B%% 0D& 0D& 0D-'-' D/q'q' B' D3'X EDDӀ(`$TR[A' Legal3'A' Legal3'T7GXXdXXd7  ,cAZ"Arial Regularn~<$T3|x XX  @T@R[A' Legal3'A' Legal3'T7XXdd7 @  `   1    Theindictmentchargedtheappellantandhiscodefendantwiththreecountsof  aggravatedburglary,onecountoftheftofpropertyover$1000,onecountoftheftofpropertyover$500andonecountofattemptedtheftofpropertyover$1000.Theappellantscodefendant,MichaelE.Craig,pledguiltytoalloftheindictedoffensespriortotheappellantstrial.((3$ `!TR[A' Legal3'A' Legal3'T7XXdd7    `   0  (#$  0     3$ `   2    Althoughtherecorddoesnotreflectthatalimitinginstructionwas  providedbythetrialcourt,Craigspriorinconsistentstatementofferedforpurposesofimpeachmentcannotbeconsideredassubstantiveevidence.See  Statev.Reece,637S.W.2d858,861(Tenn.1982). #XX  3@T@R[A' Legal3'A' Legal3'T7<XXdd7 @  `   3    EvidencewasalsointroducedattrialestablishingthatcodefendantCraigparticipatedin  twootherrelatedburglariesofthehomesofBenWilsonandLarryCarpenter.However,thetrialcourtgrantedtheappellantsmotionforjudgmentofacquittal,findingthattherewasnocorroborationofCraigslaterrecantedstatementimplicatingtheappellantintheseoffenses.Accordingly,thetrialcourtdismissedtwocountsofaggravatedburglaryandonecountoftheftover$500.   3$ `   2    Althoughtherecorddoesnotreflectthatalimitinginstructionwas  providedbythetrialcourt,Craigspriorinconsistentstatementofferedforpurposesofimpeachmentcannotbeconsideredassubstantiveevidence.See  Statev.Reece,637S.W.2d858,861(Tenn.1982). XX  @T@R[A' Legal3'A' Legal3'T7XXdd7 @  `   3    EvidencewasalsointroducedattrialestablishingthatcodefendantCraigparticipatedin  twootherrelatedburglariesofthehomesofBenWilsonandLarryCarpenter.However,thetrialcourtgrantedtheappellantsmotionforjudgmentofacquittal,findingthattherewasnocorroborationofCraigslaterrecantedstatementimplicatingtheappellantintheseoffenses.Accordingly,thetrialcourtdismissedtwocountsofaggravatedburglaryandonecountoftheftover$500.,cAZ"Arial Regular  !"  XXXX4XX   Ad FILEDXX4   October20,1998  CecilCrowson,Jr.XXAppellateCourtClerk ,cAZ"Arial Regular IӂXX  3@T@R[A' Legal3'A' Legal3'T7<XXdd7 @  `   2    Althoughtherecorddoesnotreflectthatalimitinginstructionwasprovidedbythetrial  court,Craigspriorinconsistentstatementofferedforpurposesofimpeachmentcannotbeconsideredassubstantiveevidence.SeeStatev.Reece,637S.W.2d858,861(Tenn.1982).,cAZ"Arial Regular 'XX  @T@R[A' Legal3'A' Legal3'T7XXdd7 @  `   2    ThetrialcourtinstructedthejurythatCraigspriorinconsistentstatementcouldnotbe  consideredassubstantiveevidence.SeeStatev.Reece,637S.W.2d858,861(Tenn.1982); |t SeealsoTenn.R.Evid.613. 'XX  @T@R[A' Legal3'A' Legal3'T7XXdd7 @  `   2    ThetrialcourtinstructedthejurythatCraigspriorinconsistentstatementcouldnotbe  consideredassubstantiveevidence.SeeStatev.Reece,637S.W.2d858,861(Tenn.1982);  SeealsoTenn.R.Evid.613.,cAZ"Arial Regular !"#%C<< C  !"  XXXX4XX   Ad FILEDXX4   October21,1998  CecilCrowson,Jr.XXAppellateCourtClerk ,cAZ"Arial Regular dLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(3$ !  (3$ !  ($$   1  ''' dxdP Pd'dxd `!TR[A' Legal3'A' Legal3'T7XXdd7     r(<,(j 8` `@E ` ttx$ rr(<,(j 8` `@E ` ttx$ r@. . INTHECOURTOFCRIMINALAPPEALSOFTENNESSEE@**)ATJACKSONt(>.*jxy` `@ELY ` ttx$( M tߛ@$OCTOBERSESSION,1998STATEOFTENNESSEE, h   ) | t  `     h   )  No.02C019712CC00487 h`  ` Appellee   h   ) TL   `     h   )  FAYETTECOUNTY @8  vs. `     h   ) ,$   `     h   )  Hon.JonKerryBlackwood,Judge   PAULEDWARDEPPS, h   )    `     h   )  (AggravatedBurglary;TheftofProperty    ` Appellant   h   )  over$1000;AttemptedTheftofProperty    `     h     over$1000) FortheAppellant:   h     FortheAppellee: f^  ShanaC.McCoyJohnson     JohnKnoxWalkup  2* SeniorAsst.PublicDefender    AttorneyGeneralandReporter  PostOfficeBox700 h   Somerville,TN380680700     ElizabethT.Ryan    `     h     AssistantAttorneyGeneral  (#    GaryF.Antrican    h     CriminalJusticeDivision  DistrictPublicDefender h     425FifthAvenueNorth    `     h     2dFloor,CordellHullBuilding `     h     Nashville,TN372430493 x   (#  t"l  `  `     h      `     h     ElizabethT.Rice  &%!  `     h     DistrictAttorneyGeneral `     h     302MarketStreet `     h     Somerville,TN38068OPINIONFILED:򀀀 \,T%) AFFIRMEDINPART;REVERSEDANDVACATEDINPART DavidG.Hayes  1*/ Judge  2+09 @+ OPINION    ` Theappellant,PaulEdwardEpps,appealstheverdictofaFayetteCountyjuryfindinghimguiltyofonecountofaggravatedburglary,onecountoftheftofpropertyover$1000,andattemptedtheftofpropertyover$1000.  #  1      ׀Forthese   crimes,theappellantwassentenced,asarangeIIoffender,tosevenyearsforaggravatedburglary,fouryearsfortheftover$1000,andthreeyearsforattemptedtheft.Thesesentenceswereorderedtobeservedconcurrentlywitheachotherbutconsecutivetoaprioroutstandingsentence.Theappellantssoleissueonappealiswhethertheevidencepresentedattrialissufficienttosupporthisconvictionsonthesecharges. ` Afterareviewoftherecord,thejudgmentforattemptedtheftisvacatedanddismissed.Thejudgmentsofconvictionforaggravatedburglaryandtheftofpropertyover$1000areaffirmed.@ff) Background  l'd $  ` OnFebruary20,1997,shortlybefore1:00p.m.,ElizabethFranklin,accompaniedbyherson,leftherresidencelocatedat1530FranklinRoadinMoscow.Thetwo,aftergroceryshopping,returnedtothehouseat3:00p.m.Uponenteringthekitchen,Mrs.Franklinnoticedthattherewasachairsittingbytherefrigerator,therewerethreepistolcartridgeslyingonthefloor,andseveralemptydrinkcanswerescatteredoverthefloor.Fearingthatshehadbeenburglarized,  4-2 Mrs.Franklinproceededtoherbedroomwhereshediscoveredthather.38pistolwasmissingfromherdresserdrawer.Furtherinvestigationrevealedthattheperpetrator(s)hadalsotakena.20gaugeshotgun,a.38longbarrelpistol,andaWinchesterrifle.TherewasevidencethattheburglarshadalsoattemptedtostealMrs.Franklins1972Fordautomobile,which wasingoodrunningcondition.Theautomobilewasparked undertheshedontheFranklinpremises.Mrs.Franklinandhersondiscoveredthattheperpetratorshadenteredtheresidencebybreakingawindowandpullingthescreenup.Theburglarsapparentlypushedthescreenbackdownwhentheylefttoconcealtheirentry. ` Thatsameday,between2:30and3:00p.m.,PercyHenderson,aneighbor,sawtwomenwalkinguptheroad alittlepiecefrom[Mrs.Franklins]house.Heidentifiedthetwomenastheappellantandhiscodefendant,MichaelCraig.ThetwomenaskedMr.HendersonforaridetoWillSmithshome.Enroute,themenaskedMr.Hendersonifhewasinterestedina new.38.Mr.Hendersondeclinedtheiroffer.Attrial,hetestifiedthathedidnotseeanyweaponsoneithertheappellantorCraig. ` Asaresultoftheirinvestigation,theFayetteCountySheriffsDepartmentdiscoveredanabandonedhousewheretheappellantandCraigwereliving.Althoughthetwosuspectsattemptedtoeludethepolice,authoritieseventuallyapprehendedbothmen.OnFebruary24,1997,InvestigatorDonPughquestionedcodefendantCraigaboutvariousburglariesinthearea.Afterwaivinghisrights,MichaelCraigprovidedastatementacceptingresponsibilityfortheburglaryandtheftcommittedatMrs.Franklinsresidence.Insodoing,Craigimplicatedtheappellantashisaccompliceinthecrimes.    #  2      Attrial,however,Craigcouldnotrecall 3,2 Мinvolilvingimplicatingtheappellantinthecrimesinhisstatementtoauthorities.Rather,he 5.4 statedthathealonecommittedthecrimes.Indeed,althoughCraigstatedthatheandtheappellantwerelifelongfriendsandcousins,hetestifiedthat meandPaulneverdidnothingtogether.HeexplainedtheinconsistencybetweenhistrialtestimonyandhisstatementtoInvestigatorPughbystatingthathewasundertheinfluenceofdrugsatthetimeofthestatementandhewouldhavesaidanythingtogetoutofjail. ` InvestigatorPughrebuttedthetestimonyofMichaelCraigbystatingthat,atthetimeofCraigsstatement,Craigdidnotappearundertheinfluenceofanydrugorotherintoxicant.HefurtherstatedthattwodistinctivesetsoffootprintshadbeenfoundattheFranklinresidence.OnesetoftrackswasidentifiedasbelongingtoMichaelCraig. ` Baseduponthisevidence,thejuryreturnedguiltyverdictsastoonecountofaggravatedburglary,onecountoftheftofpropertyover$1000,andonecountofattemptedtheftofpropertyover$1000.   #  3         ! @* Analysis  `'X $  ` AlthoughtheappellantdoesnotdisputethefactthattheStatesproofestablishedtheelementsofaggravatedburglary,theft,andattemptedtheft,hearguesthattheprooffailstoestablishhisinvolvementastheperpetratorofthesecrimes.SeeTenn.CodeAnn.3914401,402,403(1997);Tenn.CodeAnn. h0`). 3914103,105(3)(1997);Tenn.CodeAnn.3912101(1997).Specifically,hearguesthatnoevidencewaspresented,otherthanhispresenceintheareaofthe 4,2 crimes,toshowthatheenteredthehomeofMrs.Franklinorstoleorattemptedtotakeitemsbelongingtoher. ` Initially,adefendantiscloakedwiththepresumptionofinnocence.Statev. l d Tuggle,639S.W.2d913,914(Tenn.1982).However,ajuryconvictionremoves 80 thispresumptionofinnocenceandreplacesitwithoneofguilt,sothatonappealaconvicteddefendanthastheburdenofdemonstratingthattheevidenceisinsufficient.Id.Indeterminingthesufficiencyoftheevidence,thiscourtdoesnot   reweighorreevaluatetheevidence.Statev.Cabbage,571S.W.2d832,835(Tenn. h` 1978).Onappeal,theStateisentitledtothestrongestlegitimateviewoftheevidenceandalllegitimateorreasonableinferenceswhichmaybedrawntherefrom.Statev.Harris,839S.W.2d54,75(Tenn.1992).Itistheappellatecourt'sdutyto  affirmtheconvictioniftheevidenceviewedunderthesestandardswassufficientforanyrationaltrieroffacttohavefoundtheessentialelementsoftheoffensebeyondareasonabledoubt.Jacksonv.Virginia,443U.S.307,317,99S.Ct.2781,2789 0 ( (1979);Statev.Cazes,875S.W.2d253,259(Tenn.1994);Tenn.R.App.P.13(e). ! Thisruleisapplicabletofindingsofguiltpredicatedupondirectevidence,circumstantialevidence,oracombinationofbothdirectandcircumstantialevidence.Statev.Matthews,805S.W.2d776,779(Tenn.Crim.App.1990).Beforean `'X $ accusedmaybeconvictedofacriminaloffensebasedonlyuponcircumstantialevidence,thefactsandcircumstances"mustbesostrongandcogentastoexcludeeveryotherreasonablehypothesissavetheguiltofthedefendant."Statev. ,%* Crawford,225Tenn.478,470S.W.2d610,612(Tenn.1971). .',  ` Insum,theproofbeforethejuryimplicatingtheappellantconsistedof:8 ` (1)Theoffensesoccurredbetween1:00p.m.and3:00p.m; ` !` ! 8 ` (2)AlthoughMichaelCraigstatedattrialthatheactedalone,InvestigatorPughdiscoveredtwodistinctivesetsoffootprintsatthe 5.4 Franklinresidence,revealingthatmorethanonepersonparticipatedinthecommissionoftheoffenses; ` !` ! 8 ` (3)Between2:30and3:00p.m.,PercyHendersonpickedupboththeappellantandMichaelCraigashortdistancefromMrs.Franklinshome;and>:639` !` ! 8 ` (4)Hendersonstatedthatthetwomenaskedhimifhewasinterestedina new.38,thesametypeweaponstolenfromtheMrs.Franklinshomeresidence. ` !` ! ̀Basedpiuponthisproofevidence,wefindtheevidencesufficientfromwhicharationaltrieroffactcouldhavefoundfindtheappellantsguiltbeyondareasonabledoubtastotheoffensesoftheftofpropertyandaggravatedburglary.Tenn.R.App.P.13.Thisissueiswithoutmerit. ` However,afterfurtherreviewofthefactsofthiscase,weconcludethattheappellantsconvictionandaccompanyingsentenceforattemptedtheftmustbereversedandvacated.Althoughnotraisedinthetrialcourt,wefind,asplainerror,thattheappellantsconvictionsforboththeftandattemptedtheftviolateprinciplesofdoublejeopardy.SeeTenn.R.Crim.P.52(b);Statev.Ogle,666S.W.2d58,60  (Tenn.1984).Specifically,theproofestablishedthattheoffensesoftheftandattemptedtheftarosefromasinglecriminalepisode,involvedthepropertyofonevictim,andbothoccurredatthesamelocation. ` TheissueofmultiplepunishmentsarisingfromasinglecriminalepisodewasaddressedbyoursupremecourtinStatev.Phillips,924S.W.2d662(Tenn.1996). z&r# Todeterminewhetheroffensesaremultiplicitous,severalgeneralprincipalsmustbeconsidered:8 ` 1.Asingleoffensemaynotbedividedintoseparateparts;generally,asinglewrongfulactmaynotfurnishthebasisformorethanonecriminalprosecution; ` !` ! 8 ` 2.Ifeachoffensechargedrequiresproofofafactnotrequiredinprovingtheother,theoffensesarenotmultiplicitous;and ` !` ! 8 ` 3.Wheretimeandlocationseparateanddistinguishthecommissionoftheoffenses,theoffensescannotbesaidtohavearisenoutofasinglewrongfulact. ` !` ! 5̛̜ X9P28 Id.at665.Additionalfactorssuchasthenatureoftheact;thetimeelapsed  betweentheallegedconduct;theintentoftheaccused,i.e.,wasanewintent  formed;andcumulativepunishmentmaybeconsideredforguidanceindeterminingwhetherthemultipleconvictionsviolatedoublejeopardy.Id. p h  ` Again,theconductatissueinvolvesthetheftofpropertyandattemptedtheftofpropertyfromthepremisesofElizabethFranklin.Thereisnodisputethatthefourweaponstakenfrominsidethehomeandtheautomobile,parkedundertheshed,werethepropertyofElizabethFranklin.Whereseveralarticlesarestolenfromthesameowneratthesametimeandplace,onlyasinglecrimeiscommitted.See52AC.J.S.Larceny53(1968);seealsoNelsonv.State,344S.W.2d540,  542(Tenn.1960);Peoplev.Timmons,599N.E.2d162,165(Ill.App.2Dist.1992);  Holtv.State,383N.E.2d467,472(Ind.App.1978).Cf.Statev.Byrd,968S.W.2d  290(Tenn.1998)(holdingthattheftoffensesmaybeaggregatedintoonesinglechargewhentheseparatelarcenousactsarefromthesamelocation,andpursuanttoacontinuingcriminalimpulse);Statev.Lewis,958S.W.2d736,739(Tenn.1997) " (holdingthatactofsettingapartmentbuildingonfirewassingleactionanddoublejeopardyprohibitsseparateconvictionsforeachapartmentdestroyed).Whethertheactsofthedefendantconstituteseveraltheftsoronesinglecrimemustbedeterminedbythefactsandcircumstancesofeachcase.Id.Ifeachtakingisthe 4),"& resultofaseparateintent,eachisaseparatecrime;however,wherethetakingsareallpursuanttoasingleintent,thereisbutasinglelarceny.Id.SeealsoPhillips, ,%* 924S.W.2dat665.Itisofnoconsequencewhetherthetakingiscompleted,or,but,amereattempt.SeeDellenbachv.State,508N.E.2d1309,1314(Ind.App.3 d0\). Div.1987).Cf.AmericanLawInstitute,ModelPenalCode223.1(2)(c)& 02(+0 Comment(1980). ` Applyingtheseprinciplestothecasesubjudice,wecannotconcludethatthe 706 appellantsactionswereindependentlymotivated.Rather,thetheftandthe d9\28 attemptedtheftarosefromasingleintenttosteal,werecontiguousintimeandplace,andinvolvedthesamevictim.Accordingly,onlyoneoffensewascommittedandonlyoneconvictionmaystand.Weacknowledge,however,thathadtheStatechargedandthejuryconvictedtheappellantoftheburglaryofMrs.Franklinsautomobile,Tenn.CodeAnn.3914402(a)(4)(1996Supp.),doublejeopardywouldnothavebarredsuchaconviction. ` Thejudgmentandsentenceuponthechargeofattemptedtheftis,therefore,vacatedanddismissed.Thiscauseisremandedtothetrialcourtsolelyforthepurposeofpermittingthecourttoamenditsminutesandaccompanyingjudgmentsofconvictiontoreflectthesame.Inallotherrespects,thejudgmentofthetrialcourtisaffirmed. `     h   ____________________________________ `     h   DAVIDG.HAYES,JudgeCONCUR:_________________________________JOHNH.PEAY,Judge_________________________________L.T.LAFFERTY,SpecialJudge