ÿWPCÞ  ‹  "0šÄu#…Ts»°ÔŽÁKÃc! Êne}‘HÄ ­±£Ôâ£þ­[’ø»ƒ°–}Îz+±/Éò™ov O2½ ,¢ý·ÍÂÐökDCŠÑøóƒ¶îSšRĪîWÒ“í»kf?¥PbPÙN½ ºÍø­Š9=ž"?)ò¢¯ðµü¼žº q]ci;ûø=á"SÉNkP\©¹Úe+ŒÊfù)ëTûU:n›‡g-:H4©‘]ET’€7«›sz3ç4p{QË›¢ T¥@7& ›=oÍïÇŠ#”ÍÛL¨ôé§–™l\¦1Mãé›YèªxÑð”ÌÉîâ+D!_£}‘‚-iŒqÙ¿¶[؆uiªù,R’óÕCÂè<·®Ñïmbòü¡O+:¹Ÿ^þbæÊ¥ (¤u­Ù fW½ÿJøKW¦ìæÂ8õHíñΓ•ÌMÆel«©Lû$By2^´œ­Âþuž'0JÑóP2R¦uÍјÇjð°Õ ¤|œÍ·|¤”šU:D 0(~UN¦w@ô44HWU:_²™ 0”K 0Dß9# \ 0Dü )@ U:i i i i i i i i i i i i i i AQ£ Æô 0Dº Bþ 0D  D/_ _ BŽ D3« X, øð AZ‹"Arial Regular($¡¡(ÈhH  Z ‹6Times New Roman Regular ø Dù ú Dû Uü Eý þ Dÿ E Ó€ n~<$New Ro3|x , øð AZ"Arial Regular ¨Ý ƒ ¬âÿÝÒ°ÒÒ8°ÒÓ  Óà ` àòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝJason€Kimberland€was€tried€separately.€€His€felony€murder€conviction€and€sentenceÐ ° Ðof€life€imprisonment€were€recently€affirmed€by€this€Court.€€òòState€v.€Jason€W.€Kimberlandóó,Ð œì ÐC.C.A.€No.€02C01„9711„CC„00447,€Hardin€County€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€filed€July€10,€1998,Ïat€Jackson).€€(D(2¬â$¤¤Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  ÝÒ°ÒÒ8°ÒÓ  Óà ` àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó /Ý ƒ ¬â$ÝÒ°ÒÒ8°ÒÓ  Óà ` àòòÚ  Ú3Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝThe€presence€of€the€court€reporter€allows€for€the€preservation€of€the€record€but€doesÐ ° Ðnot€alleviate€the€problem€relating€to€the€right€of€the€parties€or€counsel€to€be€present.€€ –Ý ƒ ¬â$ÝÒ°ÒÒ8°ÒÓ  Óà ` àòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝThis€theory€was€not€established€at€trial.€€(3¯$££Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý Ý ƒ!¯"ÝÝ  ÝÔ€X¹XXXÔÔ€94XX¹ÔÓ  ÓÔ Ad ÔFILEDÔ€X¹X94ÔÐ  ÐÌò òNovember€23,€1998Ð šš ÐÌCecil€Crowson,€Jr.ÌÔ€ôv–ôXX¹ÔAppellate€Court€Clerkó ó,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular !#%Cþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(3¯$¢¢Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý d($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó'''÷ÿ dxdüÿP Pd""""'ÿÿdxdÝ ƒ!ÝÝ  Ýñ ñ›ñ ñÒ°ÒÔ€X¹XXXÔÓ  ÓÑTR[  AØ'ÿ Legal3Ø' AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑñ ññ ñßr€(<,(j 8` `€€@Eȱ` ttx$°ð Õrßñ ññ ññ ññ ññ ññ ñ›ñ ññ ññ ñßt€(>.*jx/³` `€€@E÷c` ttx$/°ð ‡ tß›ñ ñà@˜ ˜ àò òIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEˆÌÌà@””(àAT€JACKSONˆÌÌà@ÓÓ"àSEPTEMBER€1998€SESSIONˆÌÌÌÌSTATE€OF€TENNESSEE,à@÷÷-àó ó)ò òˆÐ  ` Ðó óà@÷÷-à)ˆà p àò òNO.€€02C01„9708„CC„00327ó óÐ ü L  Ðà ` àAppellee,à@÷÷-à)ˆÐ è 8  Ðà@÷÷-à)ˆà p àò òHARDIN€COUNTYó ó€Ð Î  Ðò òVS.ó óà@÷÷-à)ˆÐ º  Ðà@÷÷-à)ˆà p àò òHON.€C.€CREED€McGINLEY,Ð ¦ö  Ðó óà@÷÷-à)ˆà p àò òJUDGEó óÐ ’â  Ðò ò€LLOYD€E.€FERRELL€andó óà@÷÷-à)ˆÐ ~Î  Ðò ò€€€DEBRA€L.€FERRELL,ó óà@÷÷-à)ˆÐ jº Ðà@÷÷-à)ˆà p àÐ V¦ Ðà ` àAppellants.à@÷÷-à)ˆà p à(Felony€Murder)Ð <Œ ÐÌÌÌÒ(ä „¸ @(#(#(Òò òòòFOR€THE€APPELLANTÐ Ô$ Ðóó€€€€òòLLOYD€E.€FERRELLóó:Ð À ÐÌVERN€CHUMNEY(At€Trial)Ìó óRFD€1,€Box€#374Ð „Ô ÐHolladay,€TN€38341ò òÐ jº ÐÌGUY€T.€WILKINSON€(On€Appeal)Ìó óDistrict€Public€DefenderÐ ( x ÐÌò òVICKI€S.€SNYDER€(On€Appeal)Ð ô!D  Ðó óAssistant€District€Public€DefenderÐ à"0! Ð117€North€Forrest€AvenueÌCamden,€TN€38320òòò òÐ ¬$ü# ÐÌFOR€THE€APPELLANTÌóó€€€€òòDEBRA€L.€FERRELLóó:Ð j'º"& ÐÌJAMES€BROCKMAN€(At€Trial)Ìó óP.€O.€Box€25Ð .*~%) ÐParsons,€TN€38363ÌÌò òROBERT€C.€BROOKS€(On€Appeal)Ð à,0(, Ðó ó707€Adams€AvenueÐ Ì-)- ÐMemphis,€TN€38105ò òÐ ².*. ÐÌÌÌòòÌóóOPINION€FILED:€______________Ð H3˜.3 ÐÌÌÌAFFIRMEDòòÐ ø6H27 ÐÌóóÌÌJOE€G.€RILEY,€ÌJUDGEòòÐ ”;ä6< ЇFOR€THE€APPELLEEóó:Ð Ô$< ÐÌJOHN€KNOX€WALKUPó óÐ ¬ü> ÐAttorney€General€and€ReporterÌÌò òMARVIN€E.€CLEMENTS,€JR.ó óÐ d´A ÐAssistant€Attorney€GeneralÌCordell€Hull€Building,€2nd€FloorÌ425€Fifth€Avenue€NorthÌNashville,€TN€€37243„0493ÌÌò òG.€ROBERT€RADFORDó óÐ Î"G ÐDistrict€Attorney€GeneralÌÌò òJOHN€W.€OVERTONó óÐ †%Ö J ÐAssistant€District€Attorney€GeneralÌP.€O.€Box€484ÌSavannah,€TN€38372€„€0484ÌÐ $)t$N ÐÒ(ä „¸ @ìì(ÒÑ7€3IXdìXXdì7Ñò òòòà@ÉÉ'àO€P€I€N€I€O€Nó óóóˆÐ ° ÐÌÌÓÓà ` àThe€defendants,€Lloyd€E.€Ferrell€and€Debra€L.€Ferrell,€were€convicted€by€aÏHardin€County€jury€of€the€offense€of€felony€murder.€€Both€were€sentenced€to€lifeÏimprisonment.€€They€present€the€following€common€issues€in€this€appeal:ÌÓÓà8 ` à1.à8¸ ` Ð ` Ð àwhether€the€evidence€was€sufficient€to€support€the€guiltyÐ Ì   Ðverdict;Ð ¸ x¸ x ÐÌà8 ` à2.à8¸ ` Ð ` Ð àwhether€the€trial€court€erred€in€admitting€œtaped›Ð ~Î  Мconversations›€between€Debra€Ferrell€and€a€third€party;Ð ¸ x¸ x ÐÌà8 ` à3.à8¸ ` Ð ` Ð àwhether€the€trial€court€erred€in€refusing€to€grant€aÐ 0€  Ðseverance€of€the€defendants;Ð ¸ x¸ x ÐÌà8 ` à4.à8¸ ` Ð ` Ð àwhether€the€trial€court€erred€in€disallowing€into€evidenceÐ â2 Ðcertain€taped€conversations€by€each€defendant;€€Ð ¸ x¸ x ÐÌà8 ` à5.à8¸ ` Ð ` Ð àwhether€the€prosecuting€attorney€engaged€in€improperÐ ”ä Ðclosing€argument;€andÐ ¸ x¸ x ÐÌà8 ` à6.€à8¸ ` Ð ` Ð àwhether€the€trial€court€erred€in€dismissing€a€juror€duringÐ F– Ðtrial.€€Ð ¸ x¸ x ÐÌÌÓÓIn€addition,€Debra€Ferrell€presents€two€other€issues€for€our€review;€namely,€(1)Ïwhether€trial€counsel€was€ineffective€for€failing€to€pursue€a€motion€to€suppress€theÏtaped€conversations,€and€(2)€whether€the€trial€court€erred€in€denying€a€new€trial€onÏthe€basis€of€newly€discovered€evidence.€€After€a€careful€review€of€the€record€andÏapplicable€law,€we€conclude€the€judgments€should€be€AFFIRMED€as€to€bothÏdefendants.€€ÌÌà@ÎÎ+àò òòòFACTSó óóóˆÐ r*Â%* ÐÌà ` àThe€defendants€were€married.€€Prior€to€March€27,€1996,€co„defendant€JasonÏKimberland׃ ×Ý ƒ #ÃÝòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€and€his€girlfriend,€Stacye€Shands,€went€to€the€Ferrellsðð€residence.€Ð â/2+0 ÐLloyd€Ferrell€asked€Kimberland€if€he€wanted€to€make€some€easy€money€by€robbingÏan€elderly€couple.€€Lloyd€suggested€the€amount€in€the€residence€of€the€elderlyÐ z3Ê.4 Ðcouple€was€between€$40,000€and€$150,000.€€Although€Shands€and€Debra€FerrellÏwere€conversing€in€another€room€at€the€time,€Shands€overheard€some€portion€of€theÏconversation.€€While€driving€home,€Shands€asked€Kimberland€about€theÏconversation.€€Upon€being€informed€about€the€nature€of€the€conversation,€ShandsÏdiscouraged€Kimberland€from€any€participation.€€Ìà ` àSubsequently,€Kimberland€decided€to€participate€in€the€scheme.€€He€met€withÏLloyd€Ferrell€and€was€advised€that€the€elderly€couple€was€related€to€Lloyd.€€LloydÏdrove€Kimberland€by€the€elderly€coupleððs€residence€and€advised€where€he€would€letÏKimberland€out€of€the€vehicle€and€where€he€would€pick€him€up.€€Lloyd€advisedÏKimberland€that€he€should€kick€in€the€back€door,€tape€up€the€couple€and€make€themÏtell€where€the€money€was€located.€€Lloyd€agreed€to€provide€an€unregistered€.380Ïpistol€for€Kimberlandððs€use.€€They€decided€the€robbery€would€take€place€early€theÏnext€morning.€€Ìà ` àThe€next€morning,€March€27,€1996,€Lloyd€called€Kimberland€at€approximatelyÏ4:30€a.m.€advising€that€he€was€on€his€way€to€get€him.€€Shortly€thereafter,ÏKimberland€called€back€to€advise€Lloyd€that€he€had€found€his€œski›€mask€and€wouldÏnot€need€one€to€be€provided€by€Lloyd.€€Debra€Ferrell€answered€the€phone€andÏstated,€ð ðHeððs€already€gone€and€is€bringing€a€ski€mask€and€gun.ðð€€Ìà ` àLloyd€then€arrived€in€his€green€Buick€LeSabre€and€picked€up€Kimberland.ÏTwo€residents€of€the€Ferrellððs€apartment€complex€recognized€Kimberland€talking€toÏa€man€in€a€dark„colored€Buick€in€the€parking€lot.€€Ìà ` àKimberland€left€with€Lloyd,€and€Lloyd€gave€him€the€gun.€€They€stopped€at€aÏstore€to€buy€cigarettes,€and€Kimberland€spoke€briefly€to€a€friend.€€The€friendÏidentified€Lloyd€as€the€driver€of€the€vehicle,€a€Buick€automobile,€in€which€KimberlandÏwas€riding.€€Ìà ` àLloyd€then€drove€near€the€elderly€coupleððs€residence€where€KimberlandÏexited€the€car.€€Kimberland€went€to€the€residence.€€Armed€with€the€gun€he€hadÏloaded€with€ammunition€supplied€by€Lloyd,€Kimberland€pushed€open€the€coupleððsÏdoor€and€entered€the€residence€of€Hobert€and€Mary€Ferrell.€€Mary€Ferrell€had€earlierÏseen€Kimberland€outside€the€residence€and€supplied€her€husband€with€a€shotgun.€Ð Ì84: ÐUpon€being€confronted€by€Hobert€Ferrell€holding€a€shotgun,€Kimberland€beganÏrunning€and€shooting€back€toward€Hobert€Ferrell.€€Hobert€Ferrell€was€killed€by€thisÏgunfire.€€Ìà ` àKimberland€fled€and€was€ultimately€captured€some€distance€from€theÏresidence.€€He€was€still€wearing€the€ski€mask.€€A€subsequent€search€of€the€areaÏyielded€the€.380€pistol.€€Kimberland€later€confessed€to€his€role€in€the€attemptedÏaggravated€robbery€and€homicide€and€implicated€Lloyd€Ferrell.€€At€trial€KimberlandÏtestified€for€the€state.€€Ìà ` àShortly€after€the€murder,€the€victimððs€personal€attorney€came€to€theÏresidence.€€His€widow€turned€over€to€him€for€safe€keeping€over€$61,000€in€cash€thatÏwas€in€the€residence.€€Ìà ` àAt€approximately€8:30€a.m.€on€the€morning€of€the€murder,€Debra€FerrellÏcalled€Stacye€Shands€and€advised€her€that€something€was€wrong€and,€ð ðTheyððve€gotÏJason,€or€theyððve€got€somebody.ðð€€Debra€advised€her€that€if€any€investigators€cameÏto€speak€with€her,€she€should€tell€them€she€knew€nothing.€€Shortly€thereafter,€anÏinvestigator€spoke€with€Shands.€€Shands€agreed€to€tape€record€any€calls€made€toÏher€by€the€Ferrells.€€Ìà ` àShands€recorded€subsequent€calls€made€by€Debra€Ferrell€on€that€same€date.€ÏDebra€insisted€numerous€times€that€Shands€tell€the€authorities€she€knew€nothing;Ïotherwise,€ð ðEverybody€can€be€charged...if€you€say€you€know€anything.ðð€€Ìà ` àIn€one€of€the€conversations€Shands€and€Debra€Ferrell€discussed€whether€theÏelderly€couple€had€a€phone.€€Debra€stated:€€ÌÓÓà8 ` àà8¸ ` Ð ` Ð àNo,€no,€no.€€Thatððs€all€wrong.€€Lloyd€told€him€right€theÏopposite.€€He€told€ððem€they€did€have€one,€and€they€doÏhave€a€phone€ððcause€we€looked€it€up€in€the€book€toÏmake€sure.€€I€knew€they€had€a€phone,€and€we€knewÏthey€had€a€pistol...Ð ¸ x¸ x ÐÌÓÓà ` àThe€defense€presented€four€witnesses.€€The€first€was€J.€W.€Kimberland,€theÏfather€of€Jason€Kimberland.€€He€testified€he€had€been€with€his€son€the€day€beforeÏthe€shooting,€and€his€son€did€not€appear€to€be€under€the€influence€of€any€kind€ofÏintoxicant.€€ÌÐ Ì84: Ðà ` àBrenda€Smith€then€testified€that€she€provided€information€to€authorities€aboutÏa€.380€pistol€her€husband€had€once€owned;€however,€she€did€not€contend€that€thisÏpistol€was€the€gun€used€in€the€shooting.Ìà ` àRon€Harmon,€counsel€for€Jason€Kimberland,€testified.€€He€stated€KimberlandÏdid€not€receive€or€ask€for€any€special€consideration€for€testifying€at€the€trial.€€Ìà ` àDr.€L.€D.€Hutt,€a€clinical€psychologist,€testified€concerning€his€evaluation€ofÏDebra€Ferrell.€€Dr.€Hutt€testified€Debra€Ferrell€had€an€ð ðhistrionic€personality.ðð€€AÏperson€with€this€type€personality€would€tend€to€exaggerate.€€Ìà ` àNeither€defendant€testified.€€Ìà ` àThe€jury€convicted€each€defendant€of€felony€murder€based€upon€theirÏcriminal€responsibility€for€the€felony€murder€committed€by€œJason›€Kimberland.€€ÌÌà@×× àò òòòSUFFICIENCY€OF€THE€EVIDENCEó óóóˆÐ @ ÐÌà ` àBoth€defendants€contend€the€evidence€is€insufficient€to€support€the€findingÏof€œguilt.›€€Ô‡ X€`XXX¯ŽÔIn€determining€the€sufficiency€of€the€evidence,€this€Court€does€not€reweighÐ ° Ðor€reevaluate€the€evidence.€€òòState€v.€Cabbageóó,€571€S.W.2d€832,€835€(Tenn.€1978).€Ð ”!ä  ÐA€jury€verdict€approved€by€the€trial€judge€accredits€the€state's€witnesses€andÏresolves€all€conflicts€in€favor€of€the€state.€€òòState€v.€Bigbeeóó,€885€S.W.2d€797,€803Ð T%¤ $ Ð(Tenn.€1994);€òòState€v.€Harrisóó,€839€S.W.2d€54,€75€(Tenn.€1992).€On€appeal,€the€stateÐ 4'„"& Ðis€entitled€to€the€strongest€legitimate€view€of€the€evidence€and€all€legitimate€orÏreasonable€inferences€which€may€be€drawn€therefrom.€€òòId.óó€This€Court€will€not€disturbÐ ô*D&* Ða€verdict€of€guilt€due€to€the€sufficiency€of€the€evidence€unless€the€defendantÏdemonstrates€that€the€facts€contained€in€the€record€and€the€inferences€which€mayÏbe€drawn€therefrom€are€insufficient,€as€a€matter€of€law,€for€a€rational€trier€of€fact€toÏfind€the€accused€guilty€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt.€€òòState€v.€Breweróó,€932€S.W.2dÐ t2Ä-2 Ð1,€19€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1996).€€Accordingly,€it€is€the€appellate€court's€duty€to€affirmÏthe€conviction€if€the€evidence,€viewed€under€these€standards,€was€sufficient€for€anyÏrational€trier€of€fact€to€have€found€the€essential€elements€of€the€offense€beyond€aÏreasonable€doubt.€Tenn.€R.€App.€P.€13(e);€€òòJackson€v.€Virginiaóó,€443€U.S.€307,€317,Ð ô9D5: Ð99€S.Ct.€2781,€2789,€61€œL.Ed.2d›€560€(1979);€€òòState€v.€Cazesóó,€875€S.W.2d€253,€259Ð ° Ð(Tenn.€œ1994).€€›ÌÔ#†X¯ŽXX X€`:)#Ôà ` àAlthough€the€evidence€of€œñú ñthe›€defendantððs›€ñú ñguilt›€is€circumstantial€in€nature,€circumstantialÐ pÀ Ðevidence€alone€may€be€sufficient€to€support€a€conviction.€€òòState€v.€Tharpeóó,€726Ð < Œ ÐS.W.2d€896,€899„900€(Tenn.€1987);€€òòState€v.€Gregoryóó,€862€S.W.2d€574,€577€(Tenn.Ð  X ÐCrim.€App.€1993);€òòState€v.€Buttreyóó,€756€S.W.2d€718,€721€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1988).€Ð Ô $  ÐHowever,€in€order€for€this€to€occur,€the€circumstantial€evidence€must€be€not€onlyÏconsistent€with€the€guilt€of€the€accused€but€it€must€also€be€inconsistent€withÏinnocence€and€must€exclude€every€other€reasonable€theory€or€hypothesis€exceptÏthat€of€guilt.€€òòTharpeóó,€726€S.W.2d€at€900.€€€In€addition,€ð ðit€must€establish€such€aÐ T Ðcertainty€of€guilt€of€the€accused€as€to€convince€the€mind€beyond€a€reasonable€doubtÏthat€[the€defendant]€is€the€one€who€committed€the€crime.ðð€€òòTharpeóó,€726€S.W.2d€atÐ œì Ð900€(quoting€òòPruitt€v.€Stateóó,€460€S.W.2d€385,€391€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1970).Ð h¸ Ðà ` àKimberland€was€unquestionably€an€accomplice€in€this€criminal€endeavor,€andÏthe€jury€was€so€instructed.€€In€Tennessee,€a€conviction€may€not€be€based€solelyÏupon€the€uncorroborated€testimony€of€an€accomplice.€€òòState€v.€Maddoxóó,€957€S.W.2dÐ Ì Ð547,€554€(Tenn€Crim.€App.€1997).€€Ô‡ X€`XXX¯ŽÔThe€issue€of€whether€an€accompliceððs€testimonyÐ ˜!è  Ðhas€been€sufficiently€corroborated€becomes€a€matter€entrusted€to€the€jury,€as€theÏtrier€of€fact.€€òòBigbeeóó,€885€S.W.2d€at€803.€€Ð \%¬ $ ÐÌà@Ï Ï àò òòòA.€Criminal€Responsibility€for€Felony€Murderó óóóˆÐ )l$( ÐÌà ` àThe€state€contends€each€defendant€is€criminally€responsible€for€the€conductÏof€Kimberland€who€murdered€the€victim€in€perpetration€of€the€attempted€aggravatedÏrobbery.€€The€state€must€prove€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt€that€a€defendant€actedÏwith€intent€to€promote€or€assist€the€commission€of€the€offense,€or€to€benefit€in€theÏproceeds€or€results€of€the€offense;€and€œthe›€defendant€solicited,€directed,€aided,€orÏattempted€to€aid€another€person€to€commit€the€offense.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„11„¼402(2).€€The€state€must€also€prove€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt€that€Kimberland€œñû ñÌÐ ü9L5: Ðñû ñunlawfully›€killed€the€victim€in€the€attempt€to€perpetrate€the€robbery.€€Tenn.€CodeÏAnn.€ðð€39„13„202(a)(2).€€Ìà ` àIt€was€clearly€established€that€Kimberland€committed€the€offense€of€felonyÏmurder€by€unlawfully€taking€the€life€of€the€victim€in€the€perpetration€of€the€attemptedÏrobbery.€€Thus,€the€crucial€issue€is€whether€the€evidence€is€sufficient€to€show€thatÏeach€defendant€met€the€criteria€for€criminal€responsibility€for€the€felony€murderÏcommitted€by€Kimberland.€€If€so,€each€defendant€is€criminally€responsible€for€theÏfelony€murder€as€the€natural€and€probable€consequence€of€the€intended€aggravatedÏrobbery.€€òòState€v.€Carsonóó,€950€S.W.2d€951,€956€(Tenn.€1997).€€Ð ° ÐÌà@é é àò òòòB.€Lloyd€Ferrell€„€Sufficency€of€the€Evidenceó óóóˆÐ pÀ ÐÌà ` àLooking€at€the€evidence€in€a€light€most€favorable€to€the€state,€Lloyd€FerrellÏsolicited€Kimberland€to€commit€the€robbery.€€On€the€morning€of€the€attemptedÏrobbery,€he€furnished€a€gun€to€Kimberland.€€Lloyd€drove€the€vehicle€and€letÏKimberland€out€near€the€residence€of€the€elderly€couple.€€Kimberland€was€seen€byÏwitnesses€getting€into€Lloydððs€car.€€Lloyd€was€personally€identified€as€the€driver€ofÏthe€car.€€Ìà ` àFurthermore,€the€testimony€of€Kimberland€was€sufficiently€corroborated.€ÏLloyd€was€identified€by€an€independent€witness€as€being€the€driver€of€the€car€justÏprior€to€the€homicide.€€Independent€witnesses€saw€Kimberland€in€that€car€just€priorÏto€the€homicide.€€Lloydððs€automobile€was€also€identified€by€independent€witnesses.€ÏThe€testimony€of€Kimberland€was€sufficiently€corroborated.€€Ìà ` àIn€a€light€most€favorable€to€the€state,€a€rational€trier€of€fact€could€find€thatÏLloyd€Ferrell€acted€with€the€intent€to€promote€and€assist€in€the€commission€of€theÏoffense;€intended€to€benefit€in€the€proceeds€of€the€robbery;€and€both€solicited€andÏaided€Kimberland€in€the€commission€of€the€offense.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„11„Ð p5À04 Ð402(2).€€Thus,€the€evidence€is€sufficient€to€support€the€verdict€of€guilt€as€to€LloydÏFerrell.€€Ð 09€48 Їà@    àò òòòC.€€Debra€Ferrell€„€Sufficiencyœ€of€the€Evidenceó óóóˆÐ ° ÐÌà ` àThe€issue€of€Debra€Ferrellððs€criminal€responsibility€for€felony€murder€is€muchÏmore€difficult.€€However,€in€a€light€most€favorable€to€the€state,€we€conclude€theÏevidence€is€also€sufficient€to€establish€that€Debra€Ferrell€acted€›with€the€intent€toÏpromote€or€assist€in€the€commission€of€the€offense€and€that€she€aided€in€itsÏcommission.€€€€Ìà ` àIn€a€light€most€favorable€to€the€state,€the€following€involvement€of€DebraÏFerrell€was€established€by€the€evidence:ÌÓÓà8 ` àœ(1)€€à8¸ ` Ð ` Ð àPrior€to€the€murder,€she€was€aware€of€the€criminalÐ à Ðscheme€and€had€looked€in€a€phone€book€to€see€if€theÏelderly€couple€had€a€phone.€€She€knew€her€husbandÏwas€also€aware€of€this€information.€€Ð ¸ x¸ x ÐÌÔ#†X¯ŽXX X€` 5#ÔÔ‡ X€`XXX¯ŽÔà8 ` à(2)›à8¸ ` Ð ` Ð àDuring€the€early€morning€hours€of€March€27,€1996,€sheÐ @ Ðwas€aware€that€Jason€Kimberland,€with€assistance€fromÏLloyd€Ferrell,€intended€to€commit€an€aggravatedÏrobbery€at€the€residence€of€Hobert€and€Mary€Ferrell.€€€Ð ¸ x¸ x ÐÌà8 ` à(3)€à8¸ ` Ð ` Ð àShe€knew€her€husband€arose€early€on€the€morning€ofÐ ð@ Ðthe€murder€and€left€their€residence€with€a€gun€and€skiÏmask€to€be€used€in€the€intended€aggravated€robbery.€€Ð ¸ x¸ x ÐÌà8 ` à(4)€€à8¸ ` Ð ` Ð àUpon€being€called€by€Kimberland€on€the€morning€of€andÐ °"  Ðjust€prior€to€the€œmurder,€she›€advised€him€that€Lloyd€wasÏon€his€way€to€get€Kimberland€and€that€Lloyd€wasÏbringing€a€ski€mask€and€gun.€€Ð ¸ x¸ x ÐÔ#†X¯ŽXX X€`§D#ÔÌà8 ` à(5)€€à8¸ ` Ð ` Ð àHer€conversations€with€Stacye€Shands€after€the€robberyÐ V'¦"% Ðindicate€Debra€Ferrell€urged€Shands€not€to€revealÏinformation€to€the€authorities.Ð ¸ x¸ x ÐÌÓÓà ` àDebra€Ferrell€contends€the€evidence€proves€only€her€knowledge€of€theÏintended€robbery€prior€to€its€failed€attempt.€€Mere€knowledge€that€another€intendsÏto€commit€a€crime€would€not€establish€her€criminal€liability.€€òòSeeóó€22€œC.J.S.›€òòCriminalÐ †.Ö)- ÐLawóó€ðð€139€(1989).€€Furthermore,€the€mere€fact€that€one,€after€the€actual€commissionÐ V0¦+/ Ðof€the€principal€crime€by€the€perpetrator,€urges€another€not€to€cooperate€does€notÏestablish€criminal€liability€for€the€same€offense€as€committed€by€the€principalÏoffender.€€Ìà ` àHowever,€the€evidence€reveals€that€Debra€Ferrell€not€only€had€knowledge€ofÏthe€intended€aggravated€robbery,€but€also€committed€acts€to€promote€itsÐ V9¦49 Мcommission.€€More€specifically,€she€determined€by€looking€in€a€telephone€book€thatÏthe€intended€victims€had€a€telephone.€€Furthermore,€she€provided€information€toÏKimberland€on€the€morning€of€the€crime€that€her€accomplice„husband€was€on€hisÏway€to€get€him€and€had€a€gun€and€ski€mask.€€Thus,€she€acted€with€the€intent€toÏpromote€the€aggravated€robbery;€it€could€reasonably€be€inferred€that€she€intendedÏto€share€in€the€robbery€proceeds€with€her€husband;€and€she€aided€the€principalÏperpetrator€by€providing€him€with€material€information.€€The€elements€of€criminalÏresponsibility€for€felony€murder€are,€therefore,€established.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.Ð D”  Ððð€39„11„402(2).€€Ìà ` àCertainly,€her€actual€involvement€was€much€less€than€her€co„defendants.€ÏYet,€it€was€for€the€jury€to€determine€whether€these€acts€were€sufficient€to€justify€herÏcriminal€responsibility€for€felony€murder.€€The€jury€had€sufficient€evidence€before€itÏto€justify€the€guilty€finding.€€Ìà ` àThis€issue€is€without€merit.€€ÌÌà@: : àò òòòTAPED€CONVERSATIONS€OF€DEBRA€FERRELLó óóóˆÐ ¨ø ÐÌà ` àBoth€defendants€contend€the€trial€court€erred€in€admitting€the€tapedÏconversations€between€Debra€Ferrell€and€Stacye€Shands€shortly€after€the€homicide.€ÏLloyd€Ferrell€contends€the€taped€conversations€violate€his€right€to€confrontation.€ÏDebra€Ferrell€contends€there€is€no€showing€that€Stacye€Shands€consented€to€theÏtaping€of€the€conversations.€€We€find€the€arguments€of€both€defendants€to€beÏwithout€merit.€€ÌÌà@ò ò àò òòòA.€Lloyd€Ferrell€„€Taped€Conversationsó óóóˆÐ à/0+0 ÐÌà ` àThe€defendant,€Lloyd€Ferrell,€contends€the€admission€of€his€wifeððs€tapedÏconversations€with€Stacye€Shands€was€in€violation€of€òòBruton›€v.€United€Statesóó,€391Ð P5 06 ÐU.S.€123,€88€œS.Ct.€1620,€20€L.Ed.2d€476€(1968).€€The€Court€held€in€òòBrutonóó€that€theÐ 7l28 Ðadmission€of€a€confession€of€a€non„testifying€co„defendant€implicating€theÐ è884: Ðdefendant€was€inadmissible€since€the€defendant€was€deprived€of€the€right€ofÏconfrontation.€€391€U.S.€at€126.€€The€taped€conversations€of€Debra€Ferrell€do€notÏconstitute€a€confession€to€a€law€enforcement€officer;€nevertheless,€the€admissionÏof€statements€by€Debra€Ferrell€implicating€Lloyd€Ferrell€might€still€be€in€violation€ofÏthe€right€of€confrontation€since€Debra€Ferrell€did€not€testify€at€trial.€€Furthermore,€theÏstatements€raise€potential€hearsay€issues.€€Ìà ` àStatements€made€by€Debra€Ferrell€implicating€Lloyd€Ferrell€are€notÏadmissible€unless€the€statements€fall€within€an€exception€to€the€hearsay€rule€andÏright€of€confrontation.Ìà ` àOur€review€of€the€lengthy€taped€conversations€reveals€very€few€instances€inÏwhich€Lloyd€Ferrell€is€implicated.€€However,€the€tapes€did€contain€the€followingÏstatements€of€Debra€Ferrell:€€Lloyd€wanted€me€to€call;€Lloyd€is€worried€and€trying€toÏget€Kimberland€out€of€jail;€Lloyd€told€Kimberland€the€elderly€couple€had€a€gun€andÏphone;€Lloyd€did€not€know€there€were€two€other€people€involved;׃×Ý ƒ %ÃÝòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€and€KimberlandÐ  \ Ðtold€Lloyd€he€intended€to€just€get€the€money€and€leave.€€Ìà ` àThe€state€contends€the€statements€of€Debra€Ferrell€qualify€under€the€co„¼conspirator€exception€to€the€hearsay€rule.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€R.€Evid.€803(1.2)(E).€Ð p!À  ÐEvidence€within€this€hearsay€exception€is€firmly€rooted€and€is€not€barred€by€theÏConfrontation€Clause.€€òòBourjaily€v.€United€Statesóó,€483€U.S.€171,€183,€107€S.Ct.Ð  %\ $ Ð2775,€2782,€97€L.Ed.2d€144€(1987);€òòState€v.€Alleyóó,€968€S.W.2d€314,€317€(Tenn.Ð Ø&("& ÐCrim.€App.€1997).€€à  àÐ ¤(ô#( Ðà ` àTenn.€R.€Evid.€803(1.2)(E)€provides€that€ð ða€statement€by€a€co„conspirator€ofÏa€party€during€the€course€of€and€in€furtherance€of€the€conspiracyðð€is€not€excludedÏby€the€hearsay€rule.€€Thus,€this€Court€must€determine€whether€the€statements€madeÏby€Debra€Ferrell€implicating€Lloyd€Ferrell€were€made€ð ðduring€the€course€of€and€inÏfurtherance€of€the€conspiracy.ðð€€Ìà ` àThis€issue€is€controlled€by€òòState€v.€Walkeróó,€910€S.W.2d€381€(Tenn.€1995).€Ð l3¼.4 ÐThe€òòWalkeróó€court€held€that€a€conspiracy€terminates€with€the€consummation€of€theÐ 85ˆ06 Ðrobbery;€therefore,€statements€made€after€the€robbery€relating€to€the€circumstancesÐ 7T28 Ðof€the€robbery€are€inadmissible.€€910€S.W.2d€at€386.€€However,€òòWalkeróó€recognizedÐ ° Ðthat€a€conspiracy€might€also€exist€to€conceal€the€circumstances€of€the€original€crime,Ïthus€creating€a€later€conspiracy€which€might€give€rise€to€the€hearsay€exception.€€òòId.óó;Ð H˜ Ðòòseeóó€òòalsoóó€N.€Cohen,€D.€Paine€&€Sheppeard,€òòTennessee€Law€of€Evidenceóó,€ðð€803(1.2)Ð  d Ð.6€(Supp.€1997).€€We€further€note€that€under€the€statute€a€conspiracy€terminatesÏwhen€its€ð ðobjectivesðð€are€completed,€and€the€ð ðobjectivesðð€include€ð ðmeasures,€otherÏthan€silence,€for€concealing€the€crime€or€obstructing€justice€in€relation€to€it.ðð€€Tenn.ÏCode€Ann.€ðð€39„12„103(e)(1).€€€Ìà ` àThe€only€statements€made€by€Debra€Ferrell€implicating€Lloyd€Ferrell€thatÏrelated€to€the€circumstances€of€the€crime€were€the€following:€(1)€€Lloyd€toldÏKimberland€the€elderly€couple€had€a€gun€and€phone;€(2)€€Lloyd€did€not€know€thereÏwere€two€other€people€involved;€and€(3)€€Kimberland€told€Lloyd€just€before€the€crimeÏthat€he€was€only€going€to€get€the€property€and€leave.€€These€statements€wereÏinadmissible.€€Nevertheless,€in€light€of€the€overwhelming€evidence€against€LloydÏFerrell,€we€conclude€the€limited€references€in€the€taped€conversations€to€theÏcircumstances€of€the€original€crime€constituted€€harmless€error.€€Tenn.€R.€App.€P.Ï36(b).€€ÌÌà@Û Û àò òòòB.€Debra€Ferrell€„€Taped€Conversationsó óóóˆÐ  %\ $ ÐÌà ` àDebra€Ferrell€insists€there€is€no€evidence€that€Stacye€Shands€consented€toÏthe€tape€recording€of€the€conversations.€€She€insists€the€evidence€is€inadmissibleÏunder€federal€law€without€consent€of€one€of€the€parties.€€òòSeeóó€18€U.S.C.€ððððÐ H,˜', Ð2511(2)(c),€2518(10)(a);€òòState€v.€Crawfordóó,€783€S.W.2d€573€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.Ð .h). Ð1989).€€Contrary€to€her€assertions,€the€record€is€abundantly€clear€that€ShandsÏspecifically€agreed€to€tape€record€the€conversations.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Carey€Deanóó,Ð °1-2 ÐC.C.A.€No.€02C01„9110„CC„00226€Madison€County€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€filed€May€27,Ï1992,€at€Jackson).€€Ìà ` àThis€issue€is€without€merit.ÌÐ ä844: Їà@#àò òòòMOTION€FOR€SEVERANCEó óóóˆÐ ° ÐÌà ` àBoth€parties€contend€the€trial€court€erred€in€denying€their€motions€for€ñ÷ ñañ÷ ñÏseverance.€€The€trial€court€did€sever€the€co„defendant,€Jason€Kimberland,€for€aÏseparate€trial.€€A€motion€to€sever€is€discretionary€with€the€trial€court,€and€the€courtððsÏdecision€will€not€be€reversed€unless€it€clearly€prejudiced€a€defendant.€€òòState€v.Ð ¸   ÐHutchisonóó,€898€S.W.2d€161,€166€(Tenn.€1994).€€Ð „Ô  ÐÌà@ööàò òòòA.€Lloyd€Ferrell€„€Severanceóóó óˆÐ l ÐÌà ` àLloyd€Ferrell€contends€his€trial€should€have€been€severed€from€that€of€hisÏwifeððs€since€her€taped€conversations€implicating€him€were€introduced€at€trial,€andÏshe€was€not€subject€to€cross„examination.€€Tenn.€R.€Crim.€P.€14(c)€sets€forth€theÏcriteria€for€severance€of€defendants.€€Where€a€co„defendant€has€made€a€pretrialÏstatement€implicating€the€defendantñþ ñ,ñþ ñ€which€is€inadmissible€against€the€defendant,Ïthe€court€must€either€(a)€not€admit€the€statement€at€a€joint€trial;€(b)€make€appropriateÏredactions€to€all€references€to€the€moving€defendant;€or€(c)€grant€the€severance€asÏto€the€moving€defendant.€€Tenn.€R.€Crim.€P.€14(c)(1).€€Having€earlier€concluded€thatÏthose€portions€of€the€taped€conversations€implicating€the€defendant€in€theÏcircumstances€of€the€offense€should€not€have€been€introduced,€we€must€alsoÏconclude€ñÿ ñthe€ñÿ ñthe€trial€court€erred€by€not€following€one€of€the€three€procedures€in€Tenn.ÏR.€Crim.€P.€14(c)(1)€as€set€out€above.€€Nevertheless,€as€with€the€error€in€regard€toÏthe€erroneous€admission€of€certain€portions€of€the€taped€conversations,€we€likewiseÏfind€this€error€to€be€harmless.€€Tenn.€R.€App.€P.€36(b).ÌÌà@ÃÃàò òòòB.€€Debra€Ferrell€„€Severanceó óóóˆÐ ´1-2 ÐÌà ` àDebra€Ferrell€contends€the€trial€court€should€have€severed€her€trial€from€thatÏof€her€husbandððs.€€Since€Lloyd€Ferrell€made€no€pretrial€statements€implicating€her,ÏTenn.€R.€Crim.€P.€14(c)(1)€is€inapplicable.€€Nevertheless,€Tenn.€R.€Crim.€P.€14(c)(2)Ð ð8@4: Ðprovides€that€a€severance€shall€be€granted€before€or€during€trial,€if€it€is€deemedÏappropriate€to€promote€a€fair€determination€of€guilt€or€innocence.€€We€are€unableÏto€conclude€that€a€severance€was€necessary€for€a€fair€determination€of€DebraÏFerrellððs€guilt€or€innocence.€€The€trial€court€did€not€abuse€its€discretion€in€refusingÏto€grant€Debra€Ferrell€a€severance.€€ÌÌà@« « àò òòòFAILURE€TO€ADMIT€CERTAIN€TAPED€CONVERSATIONSó óóóˆÐ xÈ  ÐÌà ` àLloyd€Ferrell€contends€the€trial€court€erred€in€refusing€to€admit€a€tapedÏconversation€that€he€had€with€Kimberlandððs€father.€€He€contends€this€tape€isÏexculpatory.€€Debra€Ferrell€contends€the€trial€court€erred€in€refusing€to€admit€intoÏevidence€certain€taped€conversations€she€had€with€Stacye€Shands.€€She€contendsÏfairness€dictates€their€admission€since€other€taped€conversations€were€introducedÏby€the€state.€€ÌÌà@Ò Ò àò òòòA.€€Lloyd€Ferrell€„€Failure€to€Admit€Tapeó óóóˆÐ ° ÐÌà ` àThe€conversation€sought€to€be€introduced€by€Lloyd€Ferrell€consisted€of€aÏtaped€conversation€that€he€had€with€Kimberlandððs€father.€€In€that€conversation€LloydÏFerrell€denied€any€criminal€involvement.€€Ìà ` àThis€conversation€was€hearsay€since€it€was€being€ñü ñadmittñü ññý ñofferñý ñed€for€the€truth€of€theÏmatter€asserted;€to„wit,€that€Lloyd€Ferrell€did€not€commit€any€criminal€impropriety.€ÏòòSeeóó€Tenn.€R.€Evid.€801(c).€€Such€prior€self„serving€statements€are€not€admissible.€Ð P, ', ÐòòState€v.€Turnmireóó,€762€S.W.2d€893,€897€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1988).€€Ð  .p). ÐÌà@Ÿ Ÿ àò òòòB.€Debra€Ferrell€„€Failure€to€Admit€Tapesó óóóˆÐ ¸1-2 ÐÌà ` àDebra€Ferrell€contends€the€trial€court€erred€in€refusing€to€allow€into€evidenceÏher€taped€conversations€recorded€on€the€day€following€the€murder.€€Since€priorÏrecordings€were€introduced,€she€contends€these€recordings€should€have€beenÐ ô8D4: Ðintroduced€pursuant€to€Tenn.€R.€Evid.€106.€€Tenn.€R.€Evid.€106€provides:ÌÓÓà8 ` àà8¸ ` Ð ` Ð à€€€When€a€writing€or€recorded€statement€or€part€thereofÏis€introduced€by€a€party,€an€adverse€party€may€requireÏthe€introduction€at€that€time€of€any€other€part€or€anyÏother€writing€or€recorded€statement€which€ought€inÏfairness€to€be€considered€contemporaneously€with€it.€€Ð ¸ x¸ x ÐÌÓÓà ` àIn€the€taped€conversations€at€issue,€Debra€Ferrell€spoke€at€length€with€StacyeÏShands€primarily€about€the€need€for€Kimberland€to€retain€counsel.€€They€were€notÏas€inculpatory€as€the€prior€conversations€admitted€into€evidence.€€Ìà ` àAt€trial€defense€counsel€did€not€seek€admission€of€these€tapes€pursuant€toÏTenn.€R.€Evid.€106.€€Defendant€may€not€now€take€a€different€position€on€appeal.€ÏòòSee€generallyóó,€òòState€v.€Breweróó,€932€S.W.2d€1,€9€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1996).€Ð Ü, ÐFurthermore,€our€review€of€the€rambling€tapes€does€not€reveal€that€they€ð ðought€inÏfairness€to€be€considered€contemporaneously€withðð€the€other€taped€conversations.€ÏOur€review€of€the€questioned€tapes€does€not€reveal€that€their€admission€would€haveÏbenefited€Debra€Ferrell.€€Even€if€the€trial€court€erred€in€failing€to€admit€these€tapes,Ïsuch€error€was€harmless€at€most.€€Tenn.€R.€App.€P.€36(b).€€Ìà ` àThis€issue€is€without€merit.ÌÌà@ÄÄ!àò òòòIMPROPER€CLOSING€ARGUMENTó óóóˆÐ @#" ÐÌà ` àBoth€defendants€contend€the€prosecuting€attorney€made€improper€andÏinflammatory€remarks€in€closing€argument€by€stating€the€defendants€were€like€aÏð ðcancerðð€that€needed€to€be€removed€and€suggesting€the€defendants€intended€toÏmurder€Stacye€Shands.€€Debra€Ferrell€also€contends€the€prosecuting€attorney€wentÏoutside€the€record€when€he€argued€Debra€Ferrell€was€ð ðthe€brains€behind€the€outfit.ðð€Ïà ` àNo€objection€was€voiced€to€any€of€these€statements€during€final€argument.€ÏThis€issue€is€waived.€€Tenn.€R.€App.€P.€36(a);€òòState€v.€Gregoryóó,€862€S.W.2d€574,Ð ¬1ü,2 Ð578€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1993).€€Even€if€the€issue€were€not€waived,€we€would€not€findÏreversible€error€resulting€from€these€arguments.€€ÌÌÐ Ü8,4: Ðà@ÙÙ$àò òòòDISMISSAL€OF€JURORó óóóˆÐ ° ÐÌà ` àBoth€defendants€contend€the€trial€court€erred€in€the€dismissal€of€a€juror€duringÏtrial.€€We€respectfully€disagree.Ìà ` àAfter€the€completion€of€the€evidence€but€prior€to€the€jury€charge,€the€trial€courtÏhad€a€conversation€with€a€juror€in€chambers€in€the€presence€of€the€court€reporter,Ïbut€outside€the€presence€of€counsel.€€The€juror€informed€the€trial€judge€that€he€hadÏrealized€that€he€had€close€friends€who€were€also€friends€of€the€defendantððs€son.€ÏThe€trial€judge€then€brought€in€the€attorneys,€and€the€juror€explained€the€relationshipÏthat€made€him€feel€uncomfortable€about€continuing€to€serve€as€a€juror.€€BothÏcounsel€were€given€an€opportunity€to€question€the€juror€but€declined.€€Upon€the€jurorÏagain€indicating€that€this€relationship€would€interfere€with€his€ability€to€reach€aÏdecision,€the€trial€judge€discharged€the€juror€and€replaced€him€with€an€alternate.Ìà ` àGenerally,€a€trial€judge€should€have€no€òòex€parteóó€conversations€with€membersÐ h Ðof€the€jury.€€òòSeeóó€òòSpencer€v.€A„1€Crain€Service,€Inc.óó,€880€S.W.2d€938,€941€(Tenn.Ð è8 Ð1994);€òòState€v.€Tuneóó,€872€S.W.2d€922,€928€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1993).€€However,€weÐ ¸ Ðdo€not€find€reversible€error€under€the€circumstances.€€The€òòex€parteóó€conversationÐ „!Ô  Ðwas€on€the€record,׃ ×Ý ƒ %ÃÝòòÚ  Ú3Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€and€counsel€was€immediately€brought€into€the€conference.€Ð T#¤" ÐCounsel€was€given€an€opportunity€to€question€the€juror.€€Thus,€we€find€no€prejudiceÏto€the€defendants.€€Ìà ` àFurthermore,€the€trial€judge€discharged€the€juror€upon€a€showing€that€thisÏsocial€relationship€would€interfere€with€his€ability€to€reach€a€verdict.€€The€dischargeÏof€a€juror€and€substitution€of€an€alternate€juror€is€left€to€the€sound€discretion€of€theÏtrial€judge.€€òòState€v.€Clevelandóó,€959€S.W.2d€548,€551€(Tenn.€1997);€òòState€v.Ð .l). ÐMillbrooksóó,€819€S.W.2d€441,€445€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1991).€€The€trial€judge€did€notÐ è/8+0 Ðabuse€his€discretion€in€discharging€the€juror.€€ÌÌÐ L5œ06 Ðà@F F àò òòòINEFFECTIVE€ASSISTANCE€OF€COUNSELó óóóˆÐ ° ÐÌà ` àDebra€Ferrell€contends€trial€counsel€was€ineffective€by€failing€to€pursue€aÏmotion€to€suppress€the€taped€conversations.€€ñð ñ€sñð ñññ ñSññ ñhe€obviously€has€different€counselÏon€appeal.€€This€issue€was€not€raised€in€the€motion€for€new€trial,€and€we€find€noÏplain€error.€€We€also€note€this€issue€could€not€have€been€raised€in€the€motion€forÏnew€trial€since€defendant€was€represented€ñò ñat€thñò ññø ññò ñeñò ññø ññò ññò ññù ñatñù ññò ñ€time€ñò ñby€the€same€trial€counsel.€€Ìà ` àThis€issue€is€waived.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€R.€App.€P.€3(e).€€Ð P   ÐÌà@áá!àò òòòNEWLY€DISCOVERED€EVIDENCEó óóóˆÐ ì< ÐÌà ` àFinally,€Debra€Ferrell€contends€newly€discovered€evidence€entitles€her€to€aÏnew€trial.€€Specifically,€she€contends€her€post„trial€discovery€of€Kimberlandððs€allegedÏuse€of€drugs€at€the€time€of€the€incident€and€his€low€mental€capability€entitles€her€toÏa€new€trial.€€She€concedes€the€record€does€not€include€the€appropriate€documentsÏsupporting€her€argument.€€Ìà ` àThe€granting€or€refusal€of€a€new€trial€on€the€basis€of€newly€discoveredÏevidence€rests€within€the€sound€discretion€of€the€trial€court.€€òòState€v.€Walkeróó,€910Ð X#¨" ÐS.W.2d€ñó ñ381,ñó ññô ñatñô ñ€395ñõ ñ€(Tenn.€1995)ñõ ñ.€€The€trial€court€must€determine€whether€the€result€of€trial€would€likelyÏbe€changed€with€the€newly€discovered€evidence.€€òòState€v.€Nicholsóó,€877€S.W.2d€722,Ð ð&@"& Ð737€(Tenn.€1994).€€On€the€basis€of€the€scant€record€before€us,€we€are€unable€toÏconclude€that€the€trial€court€abused€its€discretion€in€denying€the€motion.€€à Ð àÐ ˆ*Ø%* Ðà ` àThis€issue€is€without€merit.ÌÌà@xx(àò òòòCONCLUSIONó óóóˆÐ ì/<+0 ÐÌà ` àBased€upon€the€foregoing,€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court€is€AFFIRMED€asÏto€both€defendants.€€ÓÓà h àà À àà  àà p àà È àÐ \5¬06 ÐÌà ` àÌñö ñÌÌñö ñÐ Ú9*5; Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à_____________________________Ìà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àà p àò òJOE€G.€RILEY,€JUDGEÐ –æ ÐÌÌÌCONCURS:ÌÌÌó ó_____________________________Ð  Z Ðò òPAUL€G.€SUMMERS,€JUDGEÐ ð @  ÐÌÌÌó ó_____________________________Ð  ð  Ðò òDAVID€H.€WELLES,€JUDGEó óÐ †Ö  ÐÌ