ÿWPC$ ³Q’GÞß%†£lmKʤøŸL%êZÇùa4çrnßBo„-Raáð! czG÷ê2S­ÎdSP¨-Ú·ËšwÀ°Áf“¯X$¯œ¨Yzcgîì×âd‹·ÚL«ÇÅä®?’´µˆAm9Ù¼,°,D6 ÷¬ºjçþR¶¦»/ { Ú}s/0"é~âs~°>뀼¬Û kØßsê€ýú†·T8h«ýâðyÈ»N'ض4Þ7Î]æ6‡¿rÊ5XdÉA,3ðÛô«QÅád쪇ð*ãÐKÕ þœé×@Sáxe\ÁÕ ¡Q-€N e:йq±Œg,UY°Î*¢yt%-J#ß.—r“pÆHà{íd›Rót`–‡Ÿ@œ¿IV)>là7;£ó9$]Õlgõ`¹ù§Š©Ç/ÙÆ5g.Ô&œ‡@:øQf9„äÁШx zrE‘Gå0Þ2€I†¢”ÔÛjÜ×S5÷8ñ.QûõɳV²TÉñÃRt5£È­€‚l…Í06šbjöaâ—ß^ñsLaãâšA~ ¥ ‹²Í¯4ÎÚMaôhós绹fC­ ²˜6pžK JWSTE4¾<9ÔbÖ?éÄDq¡9˜¶°spñ»ù|d#!xUN™ %ç 0(íU: bO wW 4[ o "~ N  ^ ¢ ® m° Ç 0lÏ 0D; D5  6´ U:ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê ê B$ $ $ $ 0DA A A AQ… ÆÖ 0Dœ 0Dà ˜HP LaserJet 8000 DN PSØÚØÚÚØØÚ0(ÈhH  Z ‹6Times New Roman RegularX($¡¡,Ù¹6 AZ‹"Arial Regular- ù-tpO'3|xkidnapping²œ'L ÿU‹ÿÀÀÀ ((3üÝ$¤¤Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  ÚóóYYYY)ÿÿ!dxdx ,Ý ƒb¯"ÝÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÔ€X–èXXXÔÔ€&XX–èÔÓ  Óò òÔ Ad ÔFILEDÔ€X–èX&ÔÐ  ÐÌDecember€28,€1999ÌÌCecil€Ô_ÔCrowsonÔ_Ô,€Jr.ÌAppellate€Court€ClerkÔdAxÔó ó,Ù¹6 AZ‹"Arial Regular d(3¯$££Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ýab]cCþÿ<<CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(3¯$¢¢Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó óÝ ƒ!ÝÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÑ` °ÑÒ°ÒÒX°ÒÔ€Šß‹XXÔÔ€Šj¹‹‹ŠßÔÑTR[° AØ'ÿ Legal3Ø' AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÑ€ÑÑ8€uXXdìdÈ8ÑÑ  ÑÑ  ÑÓ  Óò òÔ_ÔIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEÐ `  ÐÌAT€NASHVILLEÌßx€`B2.jz¸ÿ8`  `€€@ÿEØž ` 8ttxPf ð 8 xßÌOCTOBER€SESSION,€1999ÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÓ  ÓSTATE€OF€TENNESSEE,à À àà  à)à0 p àC.C.A.€NO.M199800462CCAR3CDÐx p€%p€% Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à)à p àó óÐ z  Ðà ` àà ¸ àAppellee,ò òà h àà À àà  à)€€€€€€€Ð | Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à)à p àWARREN€COUNTYÐ ~ ÐV.à ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à)€€€€€€€Ð €  Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à)Ìà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à)à0 p àHON.€CHARLES€HASTON,€JUDGEЄ$p€%p€% ÐJERRY€WAYNE€FORD,à0 h àà0Àh€%h€%àà0À€%À€%à)€€€€€€€à p àІ&€%€% Ѐà ` àà0 ¸ àà0¸ €%¸ €%àà0h€%€%àà À àà  à)à0ph€%h€%àó óЈ(p€%p€% Ѐà ` àà ¸ àAppellant.à h àà À àò òà  à)à0 p à(SECOND€OFFENSE€DUI)€ÐŠ*p€%p€% Ðó óÌÌÌòòFOR€THE€APPELLANTóó:à À àà  àòòà p àà È àFOR€THE€APPELLEEóó:Ð €"  ÐÌò òROBERT€W.€NEWMAN€à0 À àà0À€%À€%àà0p€%€%àPAUL€G.€SUMMERS€Ðx$p€%p€% Ðó óGALLIGAN€AND€NEWMAN€à0 À àà0À€%À€%àà0p€%€%àAttorney€General€&€ReporterÐz%p€%p€% Ð308€West€Main€StreetÌMcMinnville,€TN€37110ò òà h àà0 À àà0À€%À€%àà p àKIM€R.€HELPER€Ðr'€%€% Ðó óà0 ` àà0¸ ` €%` €%àà0¸ €%¸ €%àà0h€%€%àò òó óà À àà  àà p àAssistant€Attorney€GeneralÐt(h€%h€% Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àà p à2nd€Floor,€Cordell€Hull€BuildingÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà0  àà0p€%€%à425€Fifth€Avenue€North€Ð p€%p€% Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà0 À àà  àà p àNashville,€TN€€37243Ð À€%À€% ÐÌò òà0 ` àó óà ¸ àà  àà0h` €%` €%àà0Àh€%h€%àà0À€%À€%àà p àò òWILLIAM€M.€LOCKEÐ`-$$€%€% Ðó óà0 ` àà0¸ ` €%` €%àà0¸ €%¸ €%àà0h€%€%àà0Àh€%h€%àò òà  àà p àó óDistrict€Attorney€General€Ðb.%%À€%À€% ÐÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àà p àò òROBERT€W.€BOYD,€JR.Ð Z0ú&' Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àà p àó óAssistant€District€Attorney€General€Ð \1ü'( Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àà p àProfessional€BuildingÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àà p àMcMinnville,€TN€37110ÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÐ 4;Ô12 ÐOPINION€FILED€________________________̇AFFIRMEDÐ `  ÐÌTHOMAS€T.€WOODALL,€JUDGEò òó óÐ  P ð ÐÓ  ÓÔ€° é°ˆŠKsÔò òòòOPINIONóóó óÔ€ŠKsˆ°° éÔÐ `  ÐÓ  ÓÌÓÓ€Ìà ` àThe€Warren€County€Grand€Jury€indicted€Defendant€Jerry€Wayne€Ford€forÐ ¾ Ðdriving€under€the€influence€(ð ðDUIðð),€fourth€offense,€and€for€driving€on€a€revokedÐ ® Ðlicense€(ð ðDORLðð).€€The€charge€for€DORL€was€later€retired.€€Following€a€jury€trial€thatÐ þž Ðsame€day,€Defendant€was€convicted€of€second€offense€DUI.€€The€trial€courtÐ îŽ  Ðsubsequently€imposed€a€sentence€of€eleven€months€and€twenty„nine€days,Ð Þ~  Ðsuspended€after€ninety€days€of€confinement.€Defendant€challenges€his€conviction,Ð În Ðraising€the€following€issue:€whether€the€evidence€was€sufficient€to€support€hisÐ ¾^ Ðconviction.€€After€a€review€of€the€record,€we€affirm€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court.Ð ®N ÐÌà@ßß-Dàò òFACTSó óˆÐ Ž. ÐÌà ` àOfficer€Barry€Parker€testified€that€on€March€19,€1995,€he€was€working€for€theÐ ~# ÐMcMinnville,€Tennessee€Police€Department.€€While€he€was€on€patrol€that€day,€ParkerÐ n% Ðobserved€a€pickup€truck€that€matched€the€description€of€a€vehicle€that€he€had€beenÐ ^'þ Ðadvised€to€be€on€the€lookout€for.€€Parker€then€followed€the€truck€for€a€short€distanceÐ N)î  Ðbefore€he€turned€on€his€patrol€vehicleððs€blue€lights.€€The€truck€did€not€stopÐ >+Þ!" Ðimmediately€and€instead,€the€truck€traveled€for€approximately€300€to€400€yards€andÐ .-Î#$ Ðthen€pulled€into€a€driveway.€€Parker€did€not€observe€any€violations€of€trafficÐ /¾%& Ðregulations€during€the€approximately€one€half€mile€that€he€followed€the€truck.Ð 1®'( ÐÌà ` àParker€testified€that€when€he€pulled€behind€the€truck€and€reported€the€licenseÐ î4Ž+, Ðplate€number€to€the€dispatcher,€Defendant€got€out€of€the€truck€and€beganÐ Þ6~-. Ðð ðstaggeringðð€toward€the€patrol€vehicle.€€Parker€then€approached€Defendant€and€toldÐ Î8n/0 Ðhim€that€the€truck€matched€the€description€of€a€vehicle€that€reportedly€contained€aÐ `  Ðjuvenile€the€police€were€searching€for.€€Parker€observed€that€there€was€a€passengerÐ P ð Ðin€the€vehicle,€but€it€was€not€the€juvenile€he€was€looking€for.Ð @ à ÐÌà ` àParker€testified€that€at€this€point€he€noticed€that€Defendant€had€an€odor€ofÐ  À Ðalcohol€on€his€person€and€he€was€ð ðvery€unsteady€on€his€feet.ðð€€Defendant€thenÐ °  Ðwalked€back€to€the€truck€and€when€Parker€told€him€to€stop,€Defendant€leaned€upÐ    Ðagainst€the€truck.€€Because€Parker€suspected€that€Defendant€had€been€drinking,€heÐ ð  Ðasked€Defendant€to€perform€some€field€sobriety€tests.€€When€Parker€askedÐ à€ ÐDefendant€to€repeat€the€alphabet,€Defendant€was€unable€to€do€so.€€When€ParkerÐ Ðp Ðasked€Defendant€a€second€time€to€repeat€the€alphabet,€Defendant€did€not€attemptÐ À` Ðto€do€so.€€Parker€then€asked€Defendant€to€perform€the€nine€step€heel€to€toe€test.€Ð °P ÐDefendant€was€unable€to€touch€his€heel€to€his€toe€on€any€of€the€nine€steps€and€ð ðheÐ   @ Ðwas€very€uneasy€and€wobbly€the€whole€time€trying€to€balance€himself.ðð€€At€this€point,Ð "0 ÐParker€arrested€Defendant€because€he€believed€that€he€had€been€drinking€too€muchÐ €$  Ðto€drive.Ð p& ÐÌà ` àParker€testified€that€he€subsequently€transported€Defendant€to€the€jail€andÐ P*ð " Ðadvised€him€of€his€rights€and€responsibilities€under€the€Tennessee€Implied€ConsentÐ @,à"$ ÐLaw.€€Defendant€then€took€three€intoximeter€tests€to€determine€his€blood€alcoholÐ 0.Ð$& Ðcontent,€but€the€results€of€the€tests€were€invalid.€€Although€an€officer€explained€howÐ  0À&( Ðto€take€the€test,€Defendant€did€not€follow€the€instructions€to€blow€into€the€machine.Ð 2°(* ÐÌà ` àOfficer€Stan€Hillis€testified€that€he€was€present€when€Defendant€attempted€toÐ ð5,. Ðperform€the€heel€to€toe€test.€€Hillis€observed€that€Defendant€was€unsteady€and€wasÐ à7€.0 Ðunable€to€touch€his€heel€to€his€toe.€€Hillis€also€observed€that€there€was€an€odor€ofÐ Ð9p02 Ðalcohol€coming€from€Defendant.€€At€this€point,€Hillis€formed€the€opinion€thatÐ `  ÐDefendant€was€under€the€influence€of€alcohol€and€should€not€be€driving.Ð P ð ÐÌà ` àHillis€testified€that€he€administered€the€three€Intoximeter€3000€tests€toÐ 0Ð ÐDefendant.€€Although€the€machine€was€working€properly,€the€tests€had€invalidÐ  À Ðresults.€€Hillis€observed€that€when€Defendant€took€the€tests,€he€did€not€appear€toÐ °  Ðblow€hard€like€he€had€been€instructed.Ð    ÐÌà ` àEdna€Wanamaker€testified€that€she€was€with€Defendant€at€the€Moose€LodgeÐ à€ Ðat€approximately€8:00€p.m.€on€March€19,€1995.€€Although€Wanamaker€was€notÐ Ðp Ðentirely€sure,€she€believed€that€Defendant€consumed€approximately€two€to€four€beersÐ À` Ðbefore€he€drove€the€pickup€truck€away€from€the€Moose€Lodge€one€and€one€halfÐ °P Ðhours€after€they€arrived.Ð   @ ÐÌà ` àDefendant€testified€that€he€only€consumed€two€beers€at€the€Moose€Lodge.€Ð €$  ÐDefendant€admitted€that€he€was€unable€to€repeat€the€alphabet,€but€he€claimed€thatÐ p& Ðhe€missed€the€letter€ð ðQðð€the€first€time€because€he€was€nervous€and€he€was€unableÐ `(  Ðto€repeat€the€alphabet€on€the€second€attempt€because€Parker€interrupted€him.€Ð P*ð " ÐDefendant€also€admitted€that€he€was€unable€to€touch€his€heel€to€his€toe€on€the€nineÐ @,à"$ Ðstep€test,€but€he€claimed€that€this€was€because€he€was€wearing€cowboy€boots€andÐ 0.Ð$& Ðhe€had€tired€feet.€€In€addition,€Defendant€testified€that€he€blew€into€the€intoximeterÐ  0À&( Ðmachine€as€he€had€been€instructed.Ð 2°(* ÐÌÌÌÐ Ð9p02 Ðà@((+Dàò òANALYSISó óˆÐ `  ÐÌà ` àDefendant€contends€that€the€evidence€was€insufficient€to€support€hisÐ P ð Ðconviction€for€DUI.€€However,€Defendant€does€not€challenge€the€enhancement€of€hisÐ @à Ðconviction€from€first€offense€DUI€to€second€offense€DUI.€€In€fact,€DefendantÐ 0Ð Ðstipulated€at€trial€that€he€had€committed€one€previous€DUI€offense.Ð  À  ÐÌà ` àWhen€an€appellant€challenges€the€sufficiency€of€the€evidence,€this€Court€isÐ    Ðobliged€to€review€that€challenge€according€to€certain€well-settled€principles.€€A€verdictÐ ð Ðof€guilty€by€the€jury,€approved€by€the€trial€judge,€accredits€the€testimony€of€the€StateððsÐ à€ Ðwitnesses€and€resolves€all€conflicts€in€the€testimony€in€favor€of€the€State.€€òòState€v.Ð Ðp ÐCazesóó,€875€S.W.2d€253,€259€(Tenn.€1994).€€Although€an€accused€is€originallyÐ À` Ðcloaked€with€a€presumption€of€innocence,€a€jury€verdict€removes€this€presumptionÐ ° P Ðand€replaces€it€with€one€of€guilt.€€òòState€v.€Tuggleóó,€639€S.W.2d€913,€914€(Tenn.Ð  "@ Ð1982).€€Hence,€on€appeal,€the€burden€of€proof€rests€with€Appellant€to€demonstrateÐ $0 Ðthe€insufficiency€of€the€convicting€evidence.€€òòId.óó€€On€appeal,€ð ðthe€[S]tate€is€entitledÐ €&  Ðto€the€strongest€legitimate€view€of€the€evidence€as€well€as€all€reasonable€andÐ p(  Ðlegitimate€inferences€that€may€be€drawn€therefrom.ðð€€òòId.óó€€Where€the€sufficiency€of€theÐ `*!" Ðevidence€is€contested€on€appeal,€the€relevant€question€for€the€reviewing€court€isÐ P,ð"$ Ðwhether€any€rational€trier€of€fact€could€have€found€the€accused€guilty€of€everyÐ @.à$& Ðelement€of€the€offense€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt.€€òòJackson€v.€Virginiaóó,€443€U.S.Ð 00Ð&( Ð307,€319,€99€S.Ct.€2781,€2789,€61€L.Ed.2d€560€(1979).€€In€conducting€our€evaluationÐ  2À(* Ðof€the€convicting€evidence,€this€Court€is€precluded€from€reweighing€or€reconsideringÐ 4°*, Ðthe€evidence.€€òòState€v.€Morganóó,€929€S.W.2d€380,€383€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1996).€Ð 6 ,. Ðâ âMoreover,€this€Court€may€not€substitute€its€own€inferences€ð ðfor€those€drawn€by€theÐ ð7.0 Ðtrier€of€fact€from€circumstantial€evidence.ðð€€òòState€v.€Matthewsóó,€805€S.W.2d€776,€779Ð `  Ð(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1990).€Ð P ð Ðâ âÌà ` àUnder€Tennessee€law,€Ð 0Ð Ðà0 ` àÓÓIt€is€unlawful€for€any€person€to€drive€or€to€be€in€physical€control€of€anyÐ  À Ðautomobile€or€other€motor€driven€vehicle€on€any€of€the€public€roads€andÐ ¸  Ðhighways€of€the€state,€or€on€any€streets€or€alleys,€or€while€on€the€premises€ofÐ °  Ðany€shopping€center,€trailer€park€or€any€apartment€house€complex,€or€anyÐ ¨  Ðother€premises€which€is€generally€frequented€by€the€public€at€large,€while:Р ` €%` €% Ðà0 ` àà0¸ ` €%` €%àUnder€the€influence€of€any€intoxicant,€marijuana,€narcotic€drug,€or€drugÐ ø˜  Ðproducing€stimulating€effects€on€the€central€nervous€system.Ðð ¸ €%¸ €% ÐÌÓÓTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€55„10„401(a)(1)€(1998).€€There€is€absolutely€no€dispute€in€thisÐ à€ Ðcase€that€Defendant€was€in€physical€control€of€a€motor€vehicle€on€a€public€road€onÐ Ðp Ðthe€night€in€question.€€The€only€dispute€is€whether€Defendant€was€under€theÐ À` Ðinfluence€of€an€intoxicant€at€the€time.Ð °P ÐÌà ` àWe€conclude€that€when€the€evidence€is€viewed€in€the€light€most€favorable€toÐ "0 Ðthe€State,€as€it€must€be,€the€evidence€was€sufficient€for€a€rational€jury€to€find€beyondÐ €$  Ða€reasonable€doubt€that€Defendant€was€under€the€influence€of€alcohol€when€he€wasÐ p& Ðdriving€a€vehicle.€€Parker€and€Hillis€both€testified€that€when€they€approachedÐ `(  ÐDefendant,€he€had€the€odor€of€alcohol€on€his€person.€€Parker€testified€that€whenÐ P*ð " ÐDefendant€got€out€of€the€truck€and€approached€the€patrol€vehicle,€he€wasÐ @,à"$ Ðð ðstaggeringðð.€€Parker€also€testified€that€when€Defendant€walked€back€to€the€truck,€heÐ 0.Ð$& Ðwas€ð ðvery€unsteady€on€his€feetðð€and€he€leaned€up€against€the€truck.€€Parker€testifiedÐ  0À&( Ðthat€Defendant€was€unable€to€repeat€the€alphabet€or€touch€his€heel€to€his€toe€andÐ 2°(* Ðrather,€ð ðhe€was€very€uneasy€and€wobbly€the€whole€time€trying€to€balance€himself.ðð€Ð 4 *, ÐIn€addition,€both€Parker€and€Hillis€testified€that€Defendant€failed€to€blow€into€theÐ ð5,. Ðâ âintoximeter€machine€in€the€manner€in€which€he€had€been€instructed.€€Finally,Ð à7€.0 ÐWanamaker€testified€that€Defendant€consumed€as€many€as€four€beers€during€theÐ `  Ðone€and€one€half€hours€before€he€drove€the€truck.Ð P ð Ðâ âÌà ` àDefendant€essentially€argues€that€the€evidence€was€insufficient€because€theÐ 0Ð Ðproof€of€intoxication€was€contradicted€by€Parkerððs€testimony€that€DefendantÐ  À Ðcommitted€no€other€traffic€offenses,€Defendantððs€testimony€that€he€had€onlyÐ °  Ðconsumed€two€beers,€and€Defendantððs€explanations€for€why€he€failed€the€fieldÐ    Ðsobriety€tests.€€However,€ð ð[t]he€credibility€of€the€witnesses,€the€weight€to€be€givenÐ ð  Ðtheir€testimony,€and€the€reconciliation€of€conflicts€in€the€evidence€are€mattersÐ à€ Ðentrusted€exclusively€to€the€jury€as€the€triers€of€fact.ðð€€òòState€v.€Cribbsóó,€967€S.W.2dÐ Ðp Ð773,€793€(Tenn.€1998).€€Defendant€is€essentially€asking€us€to€reconsider€theÐ À` Ðevidence€and€substitute€a€verdict€of€not€guilty€in€place€of€the€verdict€found€by€theÐ °P Ðjury.€€That€is€not€our€function.€€Instead,€we€conclude€that€a€rational€jury€could€haveÐ   @ Ðfound€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt€that€Defendant€was€under€the€influence€of€alcoholÐ "0 Ðwhen€he€drove€the€pickup€truck.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€R.€App.€P.€13(e).€€€Ð €$  ÐÌà ` àAccordingly,€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court€is€AFFIRMED.Ð `(  Ðà ` à€Ð P*ð " ÐÓÓà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à____________________________________Ð @,à"$ Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àTHOMAS€T.€WOODALL,€JudgeÐ 8-Ø#% ÐÌÌÌCONCUR:Ð 1¸') ÐÌÌÌ___________________________________Ð ø4˜+- ÐJOE€G.€RILEY,€JR.,€JudgeÐ ð5,. ÐÌÌ___________________________________Ð Ø8x/1 ÐJAMES€CURWOOD€WITT,€JR.,€Judge