ÿWPC …UBV %˜U.žÌnXÜ 0D4 4x Œ 0ˆ” 0D w@` 0J  0Tê 0^> 0hœ 0r 0|v 0†ò 0x 1u 0d}U6áB) B@DC] AM )ív~vÓ” D3g 0@š AOÚÆ) 0Dï D/3 Bb<þ6X9`(*Courier 12pt10cpiX%ä2¼A`ArialTT3|XØ«<þ6X9`(*Courier 12pt10cpiXXxþ6X@ÉJQX@%ä2¼A`ArialTTt10cpiXXXä2¼P±ŠQXP(òÀ$¡¡ÒD°ÒÒ¦°ÒÔ¡¨ (8(3à$¤¤Ý ƒòÀ!ÝÒD°ÒÒ¦°ÒÝ  Ýà œ àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó Æ£ÇEÈÉEÊËÌbÍVÎDÏÓ€2 ÿÿ0Indent1Ô2ÔÔ3  Ô2" ÿÿ0Indent2à0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2, ÿÿ0Indent3à0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô26 ÿÿ0Indent4à0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2@ ÿÿ0Indent5à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2J ÿÿ0Indent6à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2T ÿÿ0Indent7à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2^ ÿÿ0Indent8à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô ÿÿ?AGMSYaioIndent0I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)P ÿÿ8Mac DefaultMac DefaultÓ ` °šXÓ< Œ 9p`(Courier New% Line 7 d d####7Border 1dd€-%Cþÿ << Gÿÿ Ý ƒ!ÝÑ  ÑÑ#€d#ÑÔ€"ÔÒ D ÒÒ ¦ ÒÝ  ÝÔ€ÔÔ€ÔÓ  Óò òÔ YYY ÔFILEDÔ€XÔÌÌDecemberÏ17,Ï1997ÌÌCecilÏW.ÏCrowsonÌAppellateÏCourtÏClerkÔ  Ôó óPtPtHHÚ(ÿáÿâùFG(üHHØ(d'`Styl{WP}01•ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà Ãà Ãà Ãà Ãà ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÐ ÐÐHHÐÐ  ÐÐ2ÐÐÿÿ¸æ$ÿÐÐHHÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ  ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÑÑÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÑ € ÑÑ<Px–ÈÑÒÒÒ443!#4ÒÒ$ *$ÒÒ$*$ÒÒ ÿKK ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÓ.,ÓÓÓÓ6ÓÓ ÓßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÒ  ion-F Geneva ÒÒ  ion-F Geneva Ò$$$$'ÿÿdxd("ÿÿ$££Ò  ÒÒ  Ò€-‚ƒCþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó„„'÷ÿ dxdüÿP PdÝ ƒ!ÝÔ . ÔÔ€"ÔÒ D ÒÒ ¦ ÒÝ  ÝÑ ` ÑÑ X ÑÑ7€‚XXdÈdÈ7ÑÑ  ÑÑ\R AØ'\ÑÓ  ÓÔ€ÔÙ€€ÙßR€&'%A1-j|` 81 `€€@ÿRß›Þ ÞÌà àà àò òIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEÌÌà@ àAT€NASHVILLEÌÌÓ  Óà@ àJULY€1997€SESSIONÌÌÌÌó óÌò òSTATE€OF€TENNESSEE,à àà àà à)ó óÌà àà àà àà àà àà àò ò)ó óà àò òC.C.A.€NO.€œ01C01›„9608„CC„00363ó óÌà àà àAppellee,à àò ò€€€€€à àà à)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)à àCOFFEE€COUNTYó óÌœVS›.à àà àà àà àà àà àò ò)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)à àHON.€JOHN€W.€œROLLINS›,ÌCHARLES€D.€FOWLER,à àà àà à)à àJUDGEÌà àà àà àà àà àà à)Ìà àà àó óAppellant.ò òà àà àà à)à àó ó(Attempted€Statutory€Rape)ò òÌó óÌÌÌòòFOR€THE€APPELLANT:óóà àà àà à€€€€€òòà àFOR€THE€APPELLEE:óóÌÌÌò òROBERT€S.€PETERSà àà àà àà àJOHN€KNOX€WALKUPà àà àó ó€€Ï100€First€œAve.,›€œS.W.›€ò òà àà àà àà àó óAttorney€General€&€Reporterò òÌó óWinchester,€TN€37398ò òÌó óà àà àà àà àò òà àà àà àKAREN€M.€œYACUZZ0›ó óÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àAssistant€Attorney€GeneralÌ€€à àà àà àà àà àà àà à450€James€RobertsonÏPkwy.à àà àà àà àà àà àà àà àNashville,€TN€€37243„0493Ìà àà àà àà àÌà àà àà àà àò òà àà àà àC.€MICHAEL€œLAYNE›ó óÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àDistrict€Attorney€GeneralÌÌà àà àà àà àò òà àà àà àKENNETH€J.€œSHELTON›,€JR.ó óÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àœAsst›.€District€Attorney€GeneralÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àP.O.€Box€147Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àà àManchester,€TN€37355ÌÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àà àÌÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àÌà àà àà àà àÌOPINION€FILED:____________________ÌÌÌÌò òREVERSED€AND€DISMISSEDó óÌÌÌò òJOHN€H.€PEAY,ó óÌJudgeÌÇÓ  ÓÑ  Ñœ›à@ àò òòòO€P€I€N€I€O€NÌÌÌó óóóÌÓÓà àà àThe€defendant€was€indicted€on€October€12,€1994,€on€charges€of€attemptÏto€purchase€a€minor€child,€attempt€to€commit€statutory€rape,€and€patronizingÏprostitution.€€The€State€later€dismissed€the€charge€of€patronizing€prostitution,€and€aÏjury€found€the€defendant€guilty€of€the€remaining€two€counts.€€The€trial€court,€however,Ïgranted€the€defendantððs€motion€for€an€acquittal€as€to€attempt€to€purchase€a€minorÏchild.€€Thus,€in€this€appeal€of€right,€the€defendant€challenges€his€remainingÏconviction€for€attempted€statutory€rape.€€The€defendant€contends€that€the€evidenceÏwas€insufficient€to€convict€him€of€this€offense.€€He€further€challenges€theÏappropriateness€of€his€sentence.€€The€trial€court€sentenced€him€œto€serve›€nine€monthsÏin€the€county€jail€and€pay€a€two€thousand€five€hundred€dollar€($2500)€fine.ÌÌà àà à€After€a€review€of€the€record€and€applicable€law,€we€find€that€theÏevidence€was€insufficient€to€convict€the€defendant€of€attempted€statutory€rape.€ÏTherefore,€we€reverse€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court€and€dismiss€the€charge€againstÏthe€defendant.ÌÌà àà àThis€case€arose€from€an€undercover€investigation€by€the€Coffee€CountyÍSheriffððs€Department.€€The€department€had€received€several€complaints€ofÏhomosexual€activity,€prostitution,€and€drug€use€at€the€rest€area€along€Interstate€24ÏEast€in€Coffee€County.€€As€a€result,€on€July€6,€1994,€Officer€Doug€Richardson€went€toÏthe€area€to€investigate.€€At€the€defendantððs€trial,€Richardson€testified€that€upon€hisÏarrival€at€the€rest€area,€he€walked€toward€a€wooded€portion€of€the€area€where€heÏencountered€the€defendant.€€He€testified€that€the€defendant€had€approached€him€andÏbegan€to€talk€to€him€about€underage€children.€€Richardson€was€wearing€a€tapeÏrecorder€and€recorded€the€entire€conversation.€€The€tape€was€played€at€trial€for€theÏjury.ÌÌà àà àDuring€the€taped€conversation,€the€defendant€told€Richardson€that€heÏhad€been€hoping€to€pick€up€some€hitchhikers€but€that€he€œhad€had›€no€luck.€€He€furtherÏtold€Richardson€that€he€had€also€been€looking€for€someone€young€who€was€willing€toÏrun€away€from€home€and€go€live€with€him€in€Florida.€€The€defendant€told€Richardson,Ïð ðI€like€the€young€stuff.€€In€fact,€I€like€the€underage€stuff.ðð€€The€defendant€then€went€onÏto€tell€Richardson€about€his€career€in€the€military€and€then€bragged€about€hisÏhomosexual€escapades€with€minors€while€traveling€in€various€countries.ÌÌà àà àWhen€the€defendant€told€Richardson€he€was€looking€for€a€young€boy,ÍRichardson€told€him€he€might€know€of€a€few€boys€that€would€be€willing€to€go€with€theÏdefendant.€€He€told€the€defendant€that€the€boys€he€had€in€mind€were€between€theÏages€of€ten€and€fourteen.€€The€defendant€responded€that€those€ages€wereÏacceptable€so€long€as€the€boys€were€old€enough€to€ejaculate.€€Richardson€thenÏasked€the€defendant€if€he€were€willing€to€pay€a€ð ðfinderððs€feeðð€if€Richardson€were€ableÏto€supply€a€suitable€boy.€€The€defendant€said€that€he€would€and€Richardson€told€himÏhe€knew€of€a€œtwelve„year„old›€boy€that€wanted€to€run€away€from€home.€€TheÏdefendant€then€agreed€to€meet€Richardson€and€the€boy€in€forty„five€minutes,€at€whichÏtime€the€defendant€would€pay€Richardson€two€hundred€dollars€($200).€€ÌÌà àà àRichardson€then€contacted€Keith€Jared€ð ðœK.J.›ðð€Brewer,€a€summer€internÏat€the€district€attorneyððs€office.€€K.J.€was€nineteen€years€old€at€the€time,€butÏRichardson€testified€that€K.J.€had€looked€younger€than€nineteen.€€K.J.€had€dressed€inÏcut„off€shorts,€a€white€T„shirt,€and€a€baseball€cap€in€order€to€appear€younger.€€He€andÏRichardson€then€left€to€meet€the€defendant.ÌÌà àà àWhen€the€pair€arrived€at€the€designated€meeting€place,€the€defendantÏwas€waiting€for€them.€€Richardson€introduced€the€defendant€to€K.J.€and€told€theÏdefendant€that€K.J.€was€fourteen€years€old€and€was€willing€to€do€anything€that€theÍdefendant€wanted€him€to€do.€€At€that€time,€the€defendant€said€that€he€only€wantedÏð ðstraight€sexðð€and€that€he€would€not€harm€the€boy.€The€defendant€and€RichardsonÏthen€discussed€the€boyððs€birth€certificate€and€other€information€necessary€forÏenrolling€him€in€school€or€for€finding€employment.€€Following€this€conversation,€theÏdefendant€wrote€Richardson€a€check€for€two€hundred€dollars€($200)€in€exchange€forÏthe€boy.€€Richardson€immediately€placed€the€defendant€under€arrest.ÌÌà àà àThe€defendant€contends€that€the€evidence€was€insufficient€to€sustainÏhis€conviction€for€attempted€statutory€rape.€€He€argues€that€the€State€failed€to€presentÏevidence€of€an€overt€act€sufficient€to€support€a€finding€of€his€attempt€to€commitÏstatutory€rape.ÌÌà àà àWhen€an€accused€challenges€the€sufficiency€of€the€convictingÏevidence,€we€must€review€the€evidence€in€the€light€most€favorable€to€the€prosecutionÏin€determining€whether€ð ðòòanyóó€rational€trier€of€fact€could€have€found€the€essentialÏelements€of€the€crime€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt.ðð€€òòJackson€v.€Virginiaóó,€443€U.S.Ï307,€319,€99€œS.Ct›.€2781,€61€œL.Ed›.œ2d›€560€(1979).€€We€do€not€reweigh€or€re„evaluateÏthe€evidence€and€are€required€to€afford€the€State€the€strongest€legitimate€view€of€theÏproof€contained€in€the€record€as€well€as€all€reasonable€and€legitimate€infer‚encesÍwhich€may€be€drawn€therefrom.€€òòState€v.€Cabbageóó,€571€S.W.2d€832,€835€(Tenn.Ï1978).€Ìà àà àÌà àà àQuestions€concerning€the€credibility€of€witnesses,€the€weight€and€valueÏto€be€given€to€the€evidence,€as€well€as€factual€issues€raised€by€the€evidence€areÏresolved€by€the€trier€of€fact,€not€this€Court.€€òòCabbageóó,€571€S.W.2d€832,€835.€€A€guiltyÏverdict€rendered€by€the€jury€and€approved€by€the€trial€judge€accredits€the€testimonyÏof€the€witnesses€for€the€State,€and€a€presumption€of€guilt€replaces€the€presumption€ofÏinnocence.€€òòState€v.€Graceóó,€493€S.W.2d€474,€476€(Tenn.€1973).ÌÌà àà àA€defendant€challenging€the€sufficiency€of€the€proof€has€the€burden€ofÏillustrating€to€this€Court€why€the€evidence€is€insufficient€to€support€the€verdictÏreturned€by€the€trier€of€fact€in€his€or€her€case.€€This€Court€will€not€disturb€a€verdict€ofÏguilt€for€lack€of€sufficient€evidence€unless€the€facts€contained€in€the€record€and€anyÏinferences€which€may€be€drawn€from€the€facts€are€insufficient,€as€a€matter€of€law,€forÏa€rational€trier€of€fact€to€find€the€defendant€guilty€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt.€€òòState€v.ÏœTuggle›óó,€639€S.W.2d€913,€914€(Tenn.€1982).ÌÌà àà àIn€this€case,€the€defendant€was€convicted€of€attempted€statutory€rape.€ÍStatutory€rape€is€defined€by€the€statute€as€ð ðsexual€penetration€of€a€victim€by€theÏdefendant€or€of€the€defendant€by€the€victim€when€the€victim€is€at€least€thirteen€(13)€Ïbut€less€than€eighteen€(18)€years€of€age€and€the€defendant€is€at€least€four€(4)€yearsÏolder€than€the€victim.ðð€€T.C.A.€ðð€39„13„506(a).€€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€ðð€39„12„101€provides€that€a€person€commits€criminal€attempt€if€he€or€she:ÌÒ ô ÒÒ \ ÒÓÓ(1)€Intentionally€engages€in€action€or€causes€a€result€thatÏwould€constitute€an€offense€if€the€circumstancesÏsurrounding€the€conduct€were€as€the€person€believesÏthem€to€œbe;Ì›Ì(2)€Acts€with€intent€to€cause€a€result€that€is€an€element€ofÏthe€offense,€and€believes€the€conduct€will€cause€the€resultÏwithout€further€conduct€on€the€personððs€part;€orÌœÌ(3)›€Acts€with€intent€to€complete€a€course€of€action€or€causeÏa€result€that€would€constitute€the€offense,€under€theÏcircumstances€surrounding€the€conduct€as€œthe›€personÏbelieves€them€to€be,€and€the€conduct€constitutes€aÏsubstantial€step€toward€the€commission€of€the€offense.€œÌ›€€€ÌÒ D ÒÒ ¦ ÒÓÓThe€statute€further€provides€that€ð ð[œc]onduct›€does€not€constitute€a€substantial€stepÏunder€Ñ ° Ñœsubdivision›€(a)(3)€unless€the€personððs€entire€course€of€action€is€corroborativeÏof€the€intent€to€commit€the€offense.ððÌÌà àà àThe€defendant€argues€that,€under€this€statute€and€the€TennesseeÏSupreme€Courtððs€holding€in€òòœDupuy›€v.€Stateóó,€325€S.W.2d€238€(Tenn.€1959),€hisÏactions€were€ð ðmere€preparationsðð€to€commit€statutory€rape€and€therefore€did€notÍamount€to€a€ð ðsubstantial€step.ðð€€However,€in€òòState€v.€Reevesóó,€916€S.W.2d€909,€912„14€(Tenn.€1996),€the€Supreme€Court€abandoned€the€ð ðmere€preparationsðð€test€fromÏòòœDupuy›óó€and€adopted€a€less€rigid€rule€for€assessing€criminal€attempt.€€To€determineÏwhether€a€defendantððs€actions€constitute€an€attempt,€the€trier€of€fact€need€notÏdistinguish€ð ðmere€preparationðð€from€the€ð ðact€itself.ðð€€Instead,€there€need€only€be€aÏfinding€that€the€defendantððs€actions€constituted€a€ð ðsubstantial€stepðð€toward€committingÏthe€offense.€€If€a€defendant€takes€a€substantial€step€with€the€specific€intent€to€commitÏthe€crime,€then€he€or€she€is€guilty€of€criminal€attempt.€ÌÌà àà àThus,€in€this€case,€in€order€for€the€defendant€to€be€convicted€ofÏattempted€statutory€rape,€his€actions€must€have€constituted€a€ð ðsubstantial€stepððÏtoward€committing€this€offense.€€In€other€words,€the€defendant€must€have€taken€aÏsubstantial€step€toward€ð ðsexual€penetration.ðð€€From€the€facts€of€this€case,€we€simplyÏcannot€conclude€that€the€defendantððs€actions€sufficiently€constituted€a€substantialÏstep€toward€sexual€penetration.€€While€the€defendant€did€give€Officer€Richardson€twoÏhundred€dollars€($200)€in€exchange€for€œK.J.›€and€did€express€his€desire€to€haveÏð ðstraight€sexðð€with€the€young€man,€this€evidence€does€œnot€amount›€to€a€substantialÏstep€toward€sexual€penetration.€€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€ðð€39„13„501€definesÏsexual€penetration€as€ð ðsexual€intercourse,€cunnilingus,€fellatio,€anal€intercourse,€orÏany€other€intrusion,€however€slight,€of€any€part€of€a€personððs€body€or€of€any€objectÍinto€the€genital€or€anal€openings€of€the€victimððs,€the€defendantððs,€or€any€otherÏpersonððs€body€.€.€.€.ðð€€We€conclude€that€the€defendantððs€actions€do€not€amount€to€aÏsubstantial€step€toward€any€of€the€above€definitions€of€sexual€penetration.€€AlthoughÏthe€defendantððs€comments€throughout€the€night€to€Officer€Richardson€may€haveÏindicated€a€desire€by€the€defendant€to€engage€in€a€sexual€encounter€with€the€youngÏman,€these€œwords,›€coupled€with€his€action€of€handing€a€check€to€œRichardson,›€are€notÏenough€to€sustain€a€conviction€for€attempted€statutory€rape.€€Therefore,€we€reverseÏand€dismiss€the€defendantððs€conviction€for€attempted€statutory€rape.ÌÌà àà àIn€addition€to€the€above€issue,€the€defendant€argues€that€he€shouldÏhave€been€placed€on€probation€rather€than€sentenced€to€incarceration€in€the€localÏjail.€€The€defendant€was€convicted€of€a€Class€A€misdemeanor,€thus,€the€defendantÏcould€have€received€a€maximum€sentence€of€eleven€months,€twenty„nine€days.€€TheÏdefendant€received€œonly€a€nine›€month€œsentence.›€€In€denying€the€defendantÏprobation,€the€trial€judge€cited€the€reprehensible€conduct€of€the€defendant€in€seekingÏout€sexual€encounters€with€minors€as€well€as€the€defendantððs€conviction€in€Florida€forÏexposure€of€a€sexual€organ€and€disorderly€conduct.€€The€defendant€was€chargedÏwith€œthe€Florida›€offenses€a€short€time€after€his€arrest€œon€the€charges€in€this€case.›ÌÌà àà àWe€find€no€abuse€of€discretion€on€behalf€of€the€trial€judge€in€sentencingÍthis€defendant.€€Had€the€conviction€been€affirmed,€the€sentence€would€have€beenÏappropriate.ÌÌà àà àFor€the€foregoing€reasons,€we€reverse€and€dismiss€the€defendantððsÏconviction€for€attempted€statutory€rape.ÌÌÓÓòòà àà àà àà àà àà àœà à›€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€œ€€€€óó›Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àœà àJOHN›€H.€PEAY,€œJudgeÇCONCUR:›ÌÌòòœÌÌ›€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€óóÌWILLIAM€M.€BARKER,€JudgeÌÌÌÌòò€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€óó€€€ÌJERRY€L.€SMITH,€œJudgeÌ›