ÿWPC U,` 0JŒ 0TÖ 0^* 0hˆ 0rð 0|b 0†Þ 0d 1uô %i 0Ào 0B/U.qU*Ÿv~ÉvÓG< Œ 9p`(Geneva2 ÿÿ0Indent1Ô2ÔÔ3  Ô2" ÿÿ0Indent2à0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2, ÿÿ0Indent3à0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô26 ÿÿ0Indent4à0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2@ ÿÿ0Indent5à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2J ÿÿ0Indent6à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2T ÿÿ0Indent7à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2^ ÿÿ0Indent8à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô ÿÿ?AGMSYaioIndent0I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)XPp ÿÿ8Mac DefaultMac DefaultÓ ` °šXÓÑ\R€€\Ñ("ÿÿ$¡¡Ý ƒ ÿÝÝ  Ý< Œ 9p`(Courier< Œ 9p`(ArialPtPtStyl{WP}01•ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà Ãà Ãà Ãà Ãà ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÐ ÐÐHHÐÐ  ÐÐ2ÐÐÿÿ¸æ$ÿÐÐHHÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ  ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÑÑÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÑ € ÑÑ<Px–ÈÑÒÒÒ443!#4ÒÒ$ *$ÒÒ$*$ÒÒ ÿKK ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÓ.,ÓÓÓÓ6ÓÓ ÓßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÒ  eskto Geneva ÒÒ  eskto Geneva ÒÝ ƒ !ÝÔ . ÔÝ  ÝÑ#€Xd#ÑÑ#€Xd#ÑÑ  ÑÑ ` ÑÑ X Ñò òIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEÌÌà@ àAT€JACKSONÌÌà@ àMAY€1998€SESSIONÌÌÌÌó óÌò òSTATE€OF€TENNESSEE,à àà àà à)ó óÌà àà àà àà àà àà àò ò)ó óà àò òC.C.A.€NO.€02C01„9708„CC„00335ó óÌà àà àAppellee,à àò ò€€€€€à àà à)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)à àGIBSON€COUNTYó óÌVS.à àà àà àà àà àà àò ò)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)à àHON.€DICK€JERMAN,€JR.,ÌALONZO€GENTRY,à àà àà à)à àJUDGEÌà àà àà àà àà àà à)Ìà àà àó óAppellant.ò òà àà àà à)à àó ó(Certified€Question€of€Law)ò òÌó óÌÌÌòòFOR€THE€APPELLANT:óóà àà àà à€€€€€òòà àFOR€THE€APPELLEE:óóÌÌÌò òCHARLES€S.€KELLYà àà àà àà àJOHN€KNOX€WALKUPÌó ó802€Troy€Ave.à àà àà àà àà àAttorney€General€&€Reporterò òÌó óP.O.€Box€507ò òÌó óDyersburg,€TN€38025à àà àà àò òà àELIZABETH€T.€RYANó óÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àAsst.€Attorney€GeneralÌ€€à àà àà àà àà àà àà à425€Fifth€Ave.,€NorthÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àCordell€Hull€Bldg.,€SecondÏFl.à àà àà àà àà àà àà àà àNashville,€TN€€37243„0493Ìà àà àà àà àÌà àà àà àà àò òà àà àà àTOM€CRIDERó óÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àDistrict€Attorney€GeneralÌÌà àà àà àà àò òà àà àà àBRIAN€FULLERó óÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àAsst.€District€Attorney€GeneralÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà à110€South€College€St.Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àà àSuite€200Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àà àTrenton,€TN€38382Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àà àà àÌÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àÌà àà àà àà àÌOPINION€FILED:____________________ÌÌÌÌò òREMANDEDó óÌÌÌò òJOHN€H.€PEAY,ó óÌJudgeÌÇÓ  ÓÑ  Ñà@ àò òòòÔ€ÔÔ€¼ÔO€P€I€N€I€O€NÔ€XÔÌÓÓÌÌó óóóà àà àThe€defendant€was€indicted€on€May€19,€1997,€on€charges€of€possessionÏwith€intent€to€sell€or€deliver€more€than€.5€grams€of€cocaine,€evading€arrest,€and€publicÏintoxication.€€The€defendant€pled€guilty€to€the€first€two€indicted€offenses€and€wasÏsentenced€as€a€Range€I€standard€offender€to€eight€years€on€the€possession€convictionÏand€to€eleven€months,€twenty„nine€days€on€the€evading€arrest€conviction.€€TheÏsentences€are€to€be€served€concurrently.€€Prior€to€pleading€guilty,€the€defendantÏreserved€a€certified€question€regarding€the€validity€of€the€stop€and€pat„down€search€ofÏhis€outer€clothing.€€After€a€review€of€the€record€and€applicable€law,€we€remand€thisÏcase€to€the€trial€court€for€findings€of€fact.€€€€€ÌÓÓÌÓÓÌà àà àA€hearing€on€the€defendantððs€motion€to€suppress€was€held€on€July€24,Ï1997.€€Guy€Steven€Howell,€a€patrolman€with€the€Trenton€Police€Department,€testifiedÏthat€he€had€been€on€his€routine€patrol€when€he€noticed€the€defendant€walking€alongÏthe€side€of€the€street.€€He€said€that€the€defendant€had€been€unsteady€on€his€feet€andÏhad€looked€away€from€the€patrol€car€as€he€drove€by.€€He€further€stated€that€theÏdefendantððs€behavior€had€been€evasive€and€ð ðsort€of€paranoid.ðð€€Howell€drove€his€carÍaround€the€block€and€then€again€started€to€drive€by€the€defendant.€€At€this€point,ÏHowell€decided€to€stop€the€defendant€because€he€suspected€that€the€defendant€wasÏunder€the€influence€of€an€intoxicant.€€ÌÌà àà àHowell€approached€the€defendant€and€asked€him€to€perform€some€fieldÏsobriety€tests.€€He€testified€that€he€had€not€felt€any€concern€for€his€safety€when€he€hadÏfirst€approached€the€defendant.€€However,€as€the€defendant€performed€the€fieldÏsobriety€tests,€he€kept€putting€his€hand€in€his€right€coat€pocket.€€Howell€testified€that€atÏthis€point€he€had€become€concerned€for€his€safety€and€had€decided€to€perform€a€pat„down€of€the€defendant€in€order€to€check€for€weapons.€€He€said€he€told€the€defendant,Ïð ðthis€is€a€field€interview€of€your€outer€clothing€frisk€for€weapons.ðð€€As€he€was€doing€theÏpat„down,€he€felt€a€cylinder€shaped€object€in€the€defendantððs€right€coat€pocket.€€HowellÏtestified€that€he€then€grabbed€the€top€of€the€pocket€so€that€the€defendant€could€noÏlonger€reach€inside.€€Howell€said€that€at€this€point,€the€defendant€had€struck€him€in€theÏarm€and€broken€away.€€A€foot€chase€ensued€and€as€the€defendant€was€running,ÏHowell€saw€him€throw€a€medicine€bottle.€€Howell€watched€the€bottle€hit€the€ground€andÏafter€subduing€the€defendant,€retrieved€the€bottle.€€Upon€inspecting€the€bottle,€HowellÏdiscovered€approximately€eighteen€to€twenty€individual€rocks€of€cocaine.€€He€thenÏplaced€the€defendant€under€arrest.ÌÌà àà àThe€defendantððs€testimony,€however,€told€a€different€story.€€The€defendantÏtestified€that€he€had€been€walking€toward€his€house€on€Batchelor€Street€when€OfficerÏHowell€stopped€him.€€He€said€he€had€been€headed€home€from€a€friendððs€house€andÏhad€not€been€under€the€influence€of€any€intoxicants.€€He€stated€that€he€had€seen€theÏpatrol€car€and€had€made€eye€contact€with€Officer€Howell.€€He€further€stated€that€he€hadÏbeen€looking€over€his€shoulder€at€a€dog,€and€not€Howell.ÌÌà àà àThe€defendant€testified€that€the€officer€had€approached€him€and€said,Ïð ðYouððre€not€from€around€here,€are€you?ðð€€When€the€defendant€said€that€he€was€not,ÏOfficer€Howell€said,€ð ðI€think€youððre€drunk€or€something€like€that.ðð€€The€defendant€saidÏthat€he€had€told€the€officer€he€had€not€had€anything€to€drink€but€did€agree€to€performÏsome€field€sobriety€tests.€€The€defendant€stated€that€he€had€passed€the€tests€and€thatÏafter€the€tests,€he€had€allowed€the€officer€to€perform€a€search€of€his€outer€clothing.€ÏDuring€this€time,€the€officer€told€the€defendant€that€he€would€have€to€go€to€jail€for€publicÏintoxication.€€€Because€the€defendant€had€not€wanted€to€go€to€jail,€he€decided€to€run.€ÏThe€officer€then€gave€chase€and€eventually€arrested€the€defendant€in€a€nearby€field.€€ÌÌà àà àOn€cross„examination,€the€defendant€testified€that€he€had€not€put€hisÍhands€in€his€coat€pocket€nor€had€Officer€Howell€grabbed€the€top€of€his€pocket.€€HeÏfurther€testified€that€he€had€not€attempted€to€reach€for€the€officerððs€gun.ÌÌà àà àFollowing€this€testimony,€the€trial€court€ruled€from€the€bench€andÏconcluded,€ð ðAfter€hearing€all€the€proof€in€this€matter€I€feel€that€the€officer€was€justified€inÏmaking€the€stop€and€that€his€actions€were€under€the€law€legal.ðð€€Thus,€the€motion€toÏsuppress€was€denied.€€ÌÌà àà àThe€findings€of€a€trial€judge€on€factual€issues€in€a€suppression€hearingÏwill€be€upheld€unless€the€evidence€preponderates€otherwise.€€òòState€v.€Odomóó,€928ÏS.W.2d€18,€23€(Tenn.€1996).€€In€this€case,€the€trial€court€failed€to€perform€its€affirmativeÏduty€and€state€the€essential€findings€on€the€record.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€R.€Crim.€P.€12(e).€ÏTherefore,€we€remand€this€cause€to€the€trial€judge€so€that€he€can€state€on€the€recordÏthe€factual€findings€that€support€his€legal€conclusions.€€It€is€the€function€of€the€trial€court,Ïnot€this€Court,€to€judge€the€credibility€of€the€witnesses,€to€weigh€the€evidence,€and€toÏresolve€factual€issues.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Cabbageóó,€571€S.W.2d€832€(Tenn.€1978).€€€Thus,Ïthe€order€of€the€trial€court€denying€the€motion€to€suppress€is€vacated€and€this€case€isÏremanded€for€the€trial€court€to€make€specific€factual€findings.€€A€second€hearing€is€notÏrequired.€€€Either€the€State€or€the€defendant€may€then€pursue€an€appeal€as€of€right.ÌÌÓÓà àà àà àà àà àà àà à_________________________________Ìà àà àà àà àà à€à àà àJOHN€H.€PEAY,€JudgeÌÌÌÌCONCUR:ÌÌÌÌÌ______________________________ÌPAUL€G.€SUMMERS,€JudgeÌÌÌÌ______________________________ÌTHOMAS€T.€WOODALL,€Judge