ÿWPC iZ•**ŸÇ*ÏöÚÜ4W‰a¨ùåþdÁVŒ/y3±ö@»¹®(8CR 'Åñõ¬óëp¬¨ˆbXoºþE°ì6ñ˜#¥­^¸n7]Å÷/R…ö”ät¦’!úD;pï9©Î‘Y8 ÜbÌ‘ÝÅN\æ{µ#ß21›SÁ|@$¡ÌߎËò¸=ÄâÿfVšR3ßr{¬ïEÞ†ÓVÍŸ¿"ÆÌzq;#}øj—ŽÕ OVm\t’|Ù¶Åû{ïØ"»¼næb÷¨ëøýýóSB³´Že× ã_¿OV;no|±ÎÒ)ÚÆ„-);·ôNÞEŒxŸ/N°N©ênb¡~TÓ%fŠ*> b2ßã;[ç"!5Ϊ2j‰Ý­÷§YDÿñ«Â'‘‰2877‰“ŠMÂ?Žk>=c!'9ŒnÃLûáb¥¤,ùâ©Î[pŠ®xqÊfA?b¬™åÑö9¦ÄéMJzO`ä_;Ï®ŠbÜ+óç°ì™¨~ßÞ0öÁÃ+‹ÖÀÅJ³¦á€•yátæ)>ó*¶0Ô*T#VÆ"Þ#ÌYU¨ø]•sÆ »(é UÀgí²d¾º¹+¦KRÒÁl,åÎ-b#Á\ % ^ # 0ˆ/ U&N· w 4 z Ò— i x mz ‘ Æ™ Æ_ Æ% Æë U@±NñññEóóóóóóóóóóóóóóóóóóóóóóóóbõõõõõõõõõõõõõõõõõõõõõõõõõõõõõõõõõõõõ 0ëýýýý Bèè 0¤ D3© D-Ü 0K   ASTƧ 0¤m 0D A«U˜HP LaserJet 4050 Series PCL 6ÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈ0»<¨*+â (`£ª$¡¡Ñ€.ÑÑ8€½­»»d»»d8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  Ó(í€"  Z6Times New Roman RegularYo†)° ¡ ˜C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wpt3|xÿU‹ÿÀÀÀ Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5‚Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5„Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5…Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(æ")  Z(Times New Roman - ù-(|G2‘ž$¤¤Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€_í»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  ÚóóÔ€ôöåò»»Ô d(|3‡•$££Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€_í»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝVVVV'ÿÿdxd)!ÈÈÈÈdxdx( ±þ$’’ò òFigure€Ú  Ú1Ú  Úó ó^_X`YEþÿ<<CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(|3‡•$¢¢Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€_í»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó óX[Z&OLE 2.0 Box <=8ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿCÿÿ HKKKKÝ ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€_í»»ddÈ8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÑ  ÑÑ  ÑÔ€¼_í»»»ÔÑ8€¡XXdì»»d8Ñà@ttìàÔ‡îEì_íÔIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEˆÐ ° Ðà@õõ%ìàAT€JACKSONÔ#†¼_í»îîEì #ԈРÖ& ÐÓ  Óà @ àà @` àAssigned€on€Briefs€June€13,€2001Ð üL ÐÔ‡X¡X»¼_íÔÌò òÔ#†¼_í»XX¡#ÔSTATE€OF€TENNESSEEòòóó€v.€CHARLES€GOODEòòóóÔ‡X¡X»¼_íÔó óÐ úJ ÐÌà@@½½ìàò ò€Appeal€from€the€Criminal€Court€for€Shelby€CountyÐ ú J Ðà@@øøìàNo.€99„05065€€€€€€James€C.€Beasley,€Jr.,€Criminal€Court€JudgeÐ æ 6 ÐÌÌà@@ìì*ìàßA€V) °°` d€÷E<©` AßÐ ªú  ÐÌà@@TTìàNo.€W2000„02267„CCA„R3„CO€„€Filed€September€10,€Ô_Ô2001Ô_ÔÐ ¥õ  ÐÌßA€V) °°` dE<|` AßÐ }Í  Ðó óÌÓ  ÓCharles€Goode€was€convicted€by€a€jury€of€aggravated€rape,€and€was€sentenced€to€twenty„five€(25)Ð xÈ  Ðyears€in€the€Department€of€Correction.€€He€challenges€the€sufficiency€of€the€evidence€and€the€actionsÐ d´ Ðof€the€judge€in€sentencing€him€to€serve€the€maximum€sentence.€€We€affirm€the€judgment€of€the€trialÐ P  Ðcourt.Ð <Œ ÐÓÉÓÌò òAppeal€as€of€Right;€Judgment€of€the€Trial€Court€Affirmedó óÐ d ÐÌòòÓ  ÓÔ#†¼_í»àX¡‘#ÔÔ‡X¡X.¼_íÔCornelia€A.€Clark,€Sp.€J.óó,€delivered€the€opinion€of€the€court,€in€which€òòJoe€G.€Rileyóó€and€òòNormaÐ ì< ÐMcGee€Ogle,€JJ.óó,€joined.Ð Ø( ÐÌA.€C.€Wharton,€District€Public€Defender,€Tony€N.€Brayton,€Assistant€District€Public€Defender,€R.Ð ° ÐTrent€Hall,€Assistant€District€Public€Defender.Ð œì ÐÌPaul€G.€Summers,€Attorney€General,€Mark€A.€Fulks,€Assistant€Attorney€General,€William€L.Ð tÄ ÐGibbons,€District€Attorney€General,€Patience€Branham,€Assistant€District€Attorney€General.Ð `° ÐÓ½ÓÌà@@OO&ìàò òOPINIONó óÔ#†¼_í»XX¡ì#ÔÔ‡X¡X»¼_íÔÐ 8!ˆ  ÐÌòòóóÔ#†¼_í»XX¡¤ #ÔÔ‡X¡X»¼_íÔÓ  Óà  àIn€March€1999€Elizabeth€Reed,€the€victim,€was€a€resident€of€Mid„South€Christian€NursingÐ #`" ÐHome€in€Shelby€County,€Tennessee.€€She€was€seventy€(70)€years€of€age€and€Ô#†¼_í»XX¡ #ÔÔ‡X¡X»¼_íÔhad€been€crippled€sinceÐ ü#L# Ðbirth€due€to€cerebral€palsy.€€Although€she€was€able€to€feed€and€partially€dress€herself,€she€was€notÐ è$8 $ Ðable€to€move€on€her€own.€€She€also€could€not€participate€in€general€activities,€and€was€physicallyÐ Ô%$!% Ðhelpless.€€She€had€never€lived€alone,€residing€at€home€until€her€motherððs€death€in€1980,€and€at€Mid„Ð À&"& ÐSouth€since€that€time.Ð ¬'ü"' ÐÌà  àThe€defendant€was€a€charge€nurse€at€Mid„South,€and€was€one€of€several€persons€whoÐ „)Ô$) Ðregularly€provided€care€to€the€victim.€€The€victim€testified€that€on€the€night€of€March€30,€1999,€asÐ p*À%* Ðshe€sat€watching€television,€the€defendant€entered€her€room€and€announced€that€it€was€time€for€bed.€Ð \+¬&+ ÐHe€then€lifted€the€victim,€placed€her€in€her€bed,€stripped€her€of€her€clothes,€climbed€on€top€of€her,Ð H,˜', Ðand€digitally€penetrated€her€vagina,€causing€her€to€bleed€profusely.€€During€these€events€he€alsoÐ 4-„(-ý Ðkissed€the€victim€on€the€mouth€and€told€her€he€loved€her.€€The€victim€testified€that€she€did€notÐ ° Ðconsent€to€any€of€the€defendantððs€actions.Ð œì ÐÌà  àAt€the€conclusion€of€these€events€the€defendant€observed€that€the€victim€was€bleeding,€butÐ tÄ Ðtold€her€that€she€would€be€all€right.€€He€began€to€change€her€bed€linens,€but€was€interrupted€whenÐ `° Ðanother€caregiver€entered€the€room.€€He€ò òó óleft€without€treating€her€injuries.€Ð L œ ÐÌà  àRoosevelt€Nelson,€a€caregiver€at€the€nursing€home,€testified€that€on€March€30,€1999,€he€wasÐ $ t Ðmaking€regular€rounds.€€€When€he€first€entered€the€victimððs€room,€the€defendant,€a€nurse,€was€alsoÐ  ` Ðin€the€room.€€He€was€stripping€linens€from€the€bed,€a€task€he€did€not€usually€perform.€€Nelson€offeredÐ ü L  Ðto€complete€the€task.€€The€defendant€accepted€the€offer€and€left€the€room.€€He€offered€no€explanationÐ è 8  Ðabout€why€the€patient€was€bleeding.Ð Ô$  ÐÌà  àNelson€stated€that€wÔ#†¼_í»XX¡ #ÔÔ‡X¡X»¼_íÔhen€he€entered€the€victimððs€bedroom€he€was€ð ðkind€of€shockedðð,Ð ¬ü  Ðapparently€because€of€the€blood€he€observed.€€Nelson€took€the€victim€out€of€bed,€placed€her€in€aÐ ˜è  Ðwheelchair,€and€took€her€into€the€bathroom.€€The€victim€seemed€unwilling€to€have€Nelson€touch€her.€Ð „Ô  ÐNelson€observed€that€the€victim€was€bleeding,€and€he€was€unable€to€stop€the€flow€of€blood€even€afterÐ pÀ Ðhe€cleaned€her.€€He€placed€a€pad€on€her€to€contain€the€bleeding.€€€€Ð \¬ ÐÌà  àWhen€Nelson€returned€the€victim€to€the€bed€and€continued€to€change€the€bed€linens,€heÐ 4„ Ðnoticed€that€the€fitted€sheet€normally€placed€over€the€mattress€had€been€replaced€by€a€flat€sheet.€€TheÐ  p Ðblue€pad€normally€placed€across€the€bed€on€top€of€the€draw€sheets€was€located€under€the€flat€sheetÐ  \ Ðcovering€the€mattress,€and€was€soiled€with€blood.€€Ð øH ÐÌà  àNelson€then€found€the€defendant,€advised€him€that€the€victim€was€in€pain,€and€asked€him€toÐ Ð  Ðadminister€pain€medication.€€The€defendant€responded€that€he€already€had€given€her€medication.€€TheÐ ¼  Ðdefendant€did€not€provide€any€information€about€the€victimððs€injuries.Ð ¨ø ÐÌà  àLater€the€same€evening€the€victim€was€hospitalized€because€of€her€injuries.€€She€continuedÐ €Ð Ðto€bleed€from€her€vaginal€area.€€Ð l¼ ÐÌà  àMarie€Fizer,€the€victimððs€older€sister,€testified€that€she€was€called€about€midnight€and€toldÐ D!” Ðof€her€sisterððs€hospital€admission.€€Because€she€did€not€drive€at€night,€she€was€unable€to€get€to€theÐ 0"€  Ðhospital€until€the€next€morning.€€When€she€did€arrive€she€found€that€the€victim€was€very€upset.€€TheÐ #l! Ðvictim€remained€in€the€hospital€for€four€days,€and€then€was€moved€to€a€different€nursing€homeÐ $X" Ðbecause€she€was€afraid€to€return€to€Mid‚South.Ð ô$D # Ðò òó óÌà  àSally€DiScenza,€a€forensic€sexual€assault€nurse,€was€called€to€examine€the€victim€one€dayÐ Ì&"% Ðafter€the€assault.€€She€testified€that€she€observed€an€acute,€recent€hematoma€around€the€vaginal€area,Ð ¸'#& Ðand€bruising€on€the€upper€inner€thighs.€€The€victim€also€had€an€acute€laceration€in€the€inner€labia€andÐ ¤(ô#' Ðvulva,€caused€by€a€sharp€object.€€The€victim€stated€that€the€defendant€had€digitally€penetrated€her.€Ð )à$( ÐAs€a€post„menopausal€woman€the€victim€was€more€prone€to€injury€due€to€a€lack€of€estrogen.€€Ms.Ð |*Ì%) ÐDiScenza€testified€that€the€victimððs€injuries€were€definitely€caused€by€trauma,€and€were€consistentÐ h+¸&* Ðwith€sexual€penetration.€€She€also€noted€that€although€the€victim€was€physically€limited,€she€wasÐ ° Ðalert,€oriented,€cooperative,€and€able€to€describe€what€had€happened€to€her.Ð œì ÐÌà  àRuth€Boring,€former€charge€nurse€at€the€Mid„South€Christian€Nursing€HomeÔ#†¼_í»XX¡Å#ÔÔ‡X¡X»¼_íÔ,€testified€for€theÐ tÄ Ðdefense.€€She€stated€that€on€approximately€fifteen€occasions€over€two€or€three€years€she€had€observedÐ `° Ðthe€victim€engaged€in€sexual€masturbation€using€the€bristle€end€of€a€hairbrush.€€She€acknowledgedÐ L œ Ðthat€she€did€not€record€or€report€these€incidents€to€anyone€at€the€time€she€observed€them.€€She€statedÐ 8 ˆ Ðthat€she€wished€to€preserve€the€victimððs€privacy.€€Boring€also€admitted€that€the€victim€had€neverÐ $ t Ðexhibited€any€visible€problems€with€her€vaginal€area.€€She€acknowledged€that€she€was€fired€from€herÐ  ` Ðposition€at€Mid„South€before€this€incident€occurred.€€Ð ü L  ÐÌà  àThe€defendant€did€not€testify€at€the€trial€or€sentencing€hearing.€€He€was€convicted€ofÐ Ô$  Ðaggravated€rape€involving€bodily€injury€to€the€victim.Ð À  ÐÌÔ‡X¡XXX¡ÔÓ  Óò òòòSufficiency€of€the€Evidenceó óóóÐ ˜è  ÐÌÓ  Óà  àThe€defendant€first€challenges€the€sufficiency€of€the€evidence.€€When€an€accused€challengesÐ pÀ Ðthe€sufficiency€of€the€convicting€evidence,€the€standard€is€whether,€after€reviewing€the€evidence€inÐ \¬ Ðthe€light€most€favorable€to€the€prosecution,€any€rational€trier€of€fact€could€have€found€the€essentialÐ H˜ Ðelements€of€the€crime€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt.€€òòòòJackson€v.€Virginiaóóóó,€443€U.S.€307,€319,€99€S.Ct.Ð 4„ Ð2781,€61€L.Ed.2d€560€(1979).€€Questions€concerning€the€credibility€of€the€witnesses,€the€weight€andÐ  p Ðvalue€to€be€given€the€evidence,€as€well€as€all€factual€issues€raised€by€the€evidence,€are€resolved€byÐ  \ Ðthe€trier€of€fact,€not€this€court.€€òòState€v.€Pappasóó,€754€S.W.2d€620,€623€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1987).€€NorÐ øH Ðmay€this€court€reweigh€or€reevaluate€the€evidence.€€òòState€v.€Cabbageóó,€571€S.W.2d€832,€835€(Tenn.Ð ä4 Ð1978).€€A€verdict€of€guilty€by€the€jury,€approved€by€the€trial€judge,€accredits€the€testimony€of€theÐ Ð  Ðstateððs€witnesses€and€resolves€all€conflicts€in€the€testimony€in€favor€of€the€state.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Cazesóó,Ð ¼  Ð875€S.W.2d€253,€259€(Tenn.€1994).Ð ¨ø ÐÔ#†X¡XXX¡Â##ÔÔ#†¼_í»XX¡ #ÔÔ‡X¡X»¼_íÔÌà  àAggravated€rape€as€charged€in€this€case€is€the€unlawful€sexual€penetration€of€a€victim€by€theÐ €Ð Ðdefendant€where€the€defendant€causes€bodily€injury€to€the€victim.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð39„13„Ð l¼ Ð502(a)(2).€€Bodily€injury€is€defined€to€include€a€cut,€abrasion,€or€bruise.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð39„11„Ð X ¨ Ð106(a)(2).€€The€defendant€argues€that€the€evidence€of€aggravated€rape€is€insufficient€in€this€caseÐ D!” Ðbecause€there€was€no€independent€eyewitness€to€the€unlawful€sexual€penetration.€€The€defendantÐ 0"€  Ðfurther€argues€that€the€victimððs€own€eyewitness€testimony€is€not€sufficient€because€she€wasÐ #l! Ðcontinuously€under€the€influence€of€unknown€medications.€€Defendant€also€emphasizes€the€testimonyÐ $X" Ðof€a€forensic€nurse€that€the€lacerations€to€the€victimððs€vaginal€area€were€likely€caused€by€some€sortÐ ô$D # Ðof€sharp€object€about€which€the€defendant€claims€there€was€no€specific€testimony.€€He€acknowledges,Ð à%0!$ Ðhowever,€that€there€is€at€least€some€evidence€to€support€the€verdict€of€the€jury.Ð Ì&"% ÐÌà  àIn€short,€the€defendant€asks€this€court€to€reevaluate€the€weight€and€value€of€the€testimonyÐ ¤(ô#' Ðpresented€at€trial.€€It€is€not€the€prerogative€of€this€court€to€revisit€questions€of€witness€credibility€onÐ )à$( Ðappeal.€€The€law€is€well€established€that€the€testimony€of€a€victim€identifying€the€perpetrator€isÐ |*Ì%) Ðsufficient€in€and€of€itself€to€support€a€conviction.€€òòState€v.€Stricklandóó,€885€S.W.2d€85,€87„88€(Tenn.Ð h+¸&* ÐCrim.€App.€1993).€€The€victimððs€testimony€about€the€unlawful€penetration€was€clear€andÐ ° Ðunequivocal.€€She€immediately€experienced€abrasions€and€bleeding.€€The€testimony€of€the€forensicÐ œì Ðsexual€assault€nurse€about€the€victimððs€physical€condition€confirms€that€of€the€victim.€€This€issue€isÐ ˆØ Ðwithout€merit.Ð tÄ ÐÌò òòòÓ  ÓSentencingóóó óÐ L œ ÐÓÓ1ÓÌà  àDefendant€next€contends€that€the€trial€court€erred€in€sentencing€him€to€the€maximum€sentenceÐ $ t Ðof€twenty„five€years€because€the€judge€misapplied€certain€enhancement€factors.€€Ô‡X¡XXX¡ÔWhen€an€accusedÐ  ` Ðchallenges€the€length,€range€or€the€manner€of€service€of€a€sentence,€this€court€has€a€duty€to€conductÐ ü L  Ða€de€novo€review€of€the€sentence€with€a€presumption€that€the€determinations€made€by€the€trial€courtÐ è 8  Ðare€correct.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð40„35„401€(d).€€This€presumption€is,€however,€€ð ðconditioned€uponÐ Ô$  Ðthe€affirmative€showing€in€the€record€that€the€trial€court€considered€the€sentencing€principles€and€allÐ À  Ðrelevant€facts€and€circumstances.ðð€€òòState€v.€Ashbyóó,€823€S.W.2d€166,€169€(Tenn.€1991).€€Ð ¬ü  ÐÌà  àIn€conducting€a€de€novo€review€of€a€sentence,€this€court€must€consider€(a)€the€evidence,€ifÐ „Ô  Ðany,€received€at€the€trial€and€the€sentencing€hearing;€(b)€the€presentence€report;€€(c)€the€principlesÐ pÀ Ðof€sentencing€and€arguments€as€to€sentencing€alternatives;€(d)€the€nature€and€characteristics€of€theÐ \¬ Ðcriminal€conduct€involved;€(e)€any€statutory€mitigating€or€enhancement€factors;€(f)€any€statementsÐ H˜ Ðthat€the€defendant€made€on€his€own€behalf;€and€(g)€the€potential€or€lack€of€potential€for€rehabilitationÐ 4„ Ðor€treatment.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðððð40„35„102,€„103,€and€„210;€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Smithóó,€735€S.W.2d€859,Ð  p Ð863€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1987).Ð  \ ÐÌà  àIf€our€review€reflects€that€the€trial€court€followed€the€statutory€sentencing€procedure,€imposedÐ ä4 Ða€lawful€sentence€after€having€given€due€consideration€and€proper€weight€to€the€factors€andÐ Ð  Ðprinciples€set€out€under€the€sentencing€law,€and€made€findings€of€fact€adequately€supported€by€theÐ ¼  Ðrecord,€then€we€may€not€modify€this€sentence€even€if€we€would€have€preferred€a€different€result.€Ð ¨ø ÐòòState€v.€Fletcheróó,€805€S.W.2d€785,€789€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1991).Ð ”ä ÐÔ#†X¡XXX¡â2#ÔÔ#†¼_í»XX¡™)#ÔÔ‡X¡X»¼_íÔÌà  àAggravated€rape€is€a€Class€A€felony.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð39„13„502(b).€€The€sentenceÐ l¼ Ðrange€for€a€Range€I€offender€convicted€of€a€Class€A€felony€is€fifteen€to€twenty„five€years.€€€Tenn.Ð X ¨ ÐCode€Ann.€òòóóðð40-35-112(a)(1).€€The€presumptive€sentence€is€the€€mid„point€of€the€range€if€there€areÐ D!” Ðno€enhancement€or€mitigating€factors.€€òòóóTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð40„35„210(c).€€If€the€court€finds€thatÐ 0"€  Ðenhancement€and€mitigating€factors€are€applicable,€the€court€must€begin€with€the€mid„point€andÐ #l! Ðenhance€the€sentence€as€appropriate€for€the€enhancement€factors,€and€then€reduce€the€sentence€asÐ $X" Ðappropriate€for€the€mitigating€factors.€€òòóóTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð40„35„210(e);€òòState€v.€Sprattóó,€31€S.W.3dÐ ô$D # Ð587€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€2000).€€The€weight€afforded€an€enhancement€or€mitigating€factor€is€left€toÐ à%0!$ Ðthe€discretion€of€the€trial€judge€so€long€as€the€judge€complies€with€the€purposes€and€principles€of€theÐ Ì&"% Ð1989€Sentencing€Act€and€the€judgeððs€findings€are€supported€by€the€record.€€òòSee€State€v.€Turneróó,€30Ð ¸'#& ÐS.W.3d€355,€361€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€2000).€€Ð ¤(ô#' ÐÌÔ#†¼_í»XX¡;#ÔÔ‡X¡X»¼_íÔà  àThe€trial€court€found€the€existence€of€one€mitigating€factor€„€that€the€defendant€was€sixty„twoÐ |*Ì%) Ðyears€old€and€had€no€prior€criminal€record.€€However,€the€trial€judge€gave€little€weight€to€this€factor.Ð h+¸&* ЇÔ#†¼_í»XX¡r@#ÔÔ‡X¡X»¼_íÔà  àUnder€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð40„35„114,€the€trial€court€found€the€existence€of€four€enhancementÐ ° Ðfactors:€€Ð œì ÐÌÒ°ÒÒ°Ò(4)€€the€victim€was€particularly€vulnerable€because€of€age€or€physical€or€mentalÐ tÄ Ðdisability;€€Ð `° Ð(7)€€the€offense€was€committed€to€gratify€the€defendantððs€desire€for€pleasure€orÐ L œ Ðexcitement;€Ð 8 ˆ Ð(15)€€€the€defendant€abused€a€position€of€public€or€private€trust;€and€Ð $ t Ð(16)€€the€crime€was€committed€under€circumstances€under€which€the€potential€forÐ  ` Ðbodily€injury€to€the€victim€was€great.€€Ð ü L  ÐÌÔ#†¼_í»XX¡²A#ÔÒ°ÒÒ°ÒÔ€X¡X»¼_íÔThe€defendant€does€not€contest€the€application€of€factor€(15)€„€that€the€defendant€abused€a€positionÐ Ô$  Ðof€public€or€private€trust.€€We€agree€that€this€factor€applies,€since€the€defendant€was€a€nursing€homeÐ À  Ðcaregiver€to€the€near„helpless€victim.Ð ¬ü  ÐÌà  àThe€defendant€also€does€not€contest€the€application€of€enhancement€factor€(4)€„€that€theÐ „Ô  Ðvictim€was€particularly€vulnerable€because€of€age€or€physical€or€mental€disability.€€We€conclude€thatÐ pÀ Ðthis€factor,€too,€clearly€applies€in€a€case€where€the€victim€was€seventy€years€old€and€rendered€helplessÐ \¬ Ðall€her€life€by€cerebral€palsy.Ð H˜ ÐÌà  àThe€defendant€òòdoesóó€contest€the€application€of€factor€(7),€that€the€offense€was€committed€toÐ  p Ðgratify€the€defendantððs€desire€for€pleasure€or€excitement.€€In€òòState€v.€Adamsóó,€864€S.W.2d€31,€34„35Ð  \ Ð(Tenn.€1993),€the€Supreme€Court€held€that€while€neither€pleasure€nor€excitement€are€essentialÐ øH Ðelements€of€rape,€factor€(7)€may€be€used€to€enhance€a€sentence€for€rape€only€if€independent€evidenceÐ ä4 Ðexists€of€a€sexual€motivation.€€The€state€has€the€burden€of€proving€that€motivation.€€òòId.óó€€Ð Ð  ÐÌà  àIn€the€instant€case€the€trial€court€relied€upon€the€victimððs€testimony€that€during€the€course€ofÐ ¨ø Ðthe€rape€the€defendant€got€on€top€of€her,€kissed€her€and€told€her€that€he€loved€her.€€òòSee€State€v.Ð ”ä ÐWilliamsóó,€920€S.W.2d€247,€260€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1995);€òòManning€v.€Stateóó,€883€S.W.2d€635,€639Ð €Ð Ð(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1994).€€While€this€is€a€close€case,€we€believe€these€independent€facts€areÐ l¼ Ðsufficient€to€justify€the€trial€courtððs€application€of€this€factor.€Ð X ¨ ÐÌà  àThe€defendant€also€òòóócontests€the€application€of€enhancement€factor€(16),€that€the€crime€wasÐ 0"€  Ðcommitted€under€circumstances€under€which€the€potential€for€bodily€injury€to€the€victim€was€great.€Ð #l! ÐIn€òòState€v.€Smithóó,€891€S.W.2d€922,€930€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1994),€this€court€held€that€a€trial€courtÐ $X" Ðshould€not€apply€this€factor€to€enhance€a€sentence€for€aggravated€rape€by€bodily€injury€in€the€absenceÐ ô$D # Ðof€extraordinary€circumstances.€€òòSee€also€State€v.€Williamsóó,€920€S.W.2d€247,€260€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.Ð à%0!$ Ð1995).€€As€noted€in€òòSmithóó,€the€legislature€has€already€recognized€the€potential€for€bodily€injury€inÐ Ì&"% Ðcases€of€aggravated€rape€by€enhancing€the€offense€and€the€sentence€to€an€aggravated€status.€€òòSmithóó,Ð ¸'#& Ð891€S.W.2d€at€930.€€Although€we€believe€that€the€circumstances€existing€in€this€case€might€beÐ ¤(ô#' Ðtermed€ð ðextraordinaryðð,€it€is€unnecessary€to€determine€the€application€of€enhancement€factor€(16)Ð )à$( Ðin€order€to€affirm€the€trial€courtððs€imposition€of€the€maximum€sentence.Ð |*Ì%) ÐÐ h+¸&* Ðà  àIn€setting€the€defendantððs€sentence€at€twenty„five€years,€the€trial€court€gave€great€emphasisÐ ° Ðto€the€peculiar€vulnerability€of€the€victim€and€the€abuse€of€her€trust.€€These€factors€alone€areÐ œì Ðsufficient€to€justify€imposition€of€the€maximum€sentence.€€The€trial€court€also€properly€found€theÐ ˆØ Ðexistence€of€one€additional€enhancement€factor,€and€gave€greater€weight€to€all€of€them€than€to€theÐ tÄ Ðmitigating€factor€of€the€defendantððs€lack€of€prior€criminal€activity.€€Our€òòde€novoóó€review€convincesÐ `° Ðus€that€the€imposition€of€the€maximum€sentence€was€appropriate.Ð L œ ÐÌà  àFor€the€reasons€stated€above,€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court€is€affirmed€in€all€respects.€€Ð $ t ÐÌÌÌà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à____________________________________Ð Ô$  Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àCORNELIA€A.€CLARK,€SPECIAL€JUDGE