ÿWPCt, KÌ^ÞÝf7hÌØû•cØ 16 äøã |"e¶¬‘_ñÇªÇ ‹E>Õ ˜†ÈR¸é©SÎTTÆÝ'Ë—r¡ð׆C¦tÊ5¸±ÿ^rcò˜Û ÐËŸö”Ú…3ßÝÞu£¼Ë,œa×pë¦F`wað¦W¢Ê¡óC“Ìþ*W°·ÓŸd dyšx~ÊžújÓ÷o A…C¦/†çéÿ¼í\ÓȶdO_o<ÊŽ¡C”ˆ­-ÃEŸì¹gÍ:ŸôtIõ2¨:r,BXò‹Õ•Ýøà˜Ž!õK•Åžy¬rˆØç)bi÷5š¯"hU -[òîª5c}eaTFªùÑ–×ý§m±¶–ÞY¯RK56íÇMm¿Þ¾h%ጆ`ã\€þUÞ:ö7è6ðÔøû20ûq¨k‚ÜZqScv²ÓWæTÌÈž$ÜöM U•0Ì:£¥¿ uŽd ?ô@EDÖn%›H­¸÷dâ}˜ÙŒ-»l}dÖv#1‘öˆ¨üåi©pc˜ŠD|û@º¡Pl žB3u= ©ÀRû£^ü2¨t›YŸÂ 9îãL=¢Ë¶øJ'#†TLGk™sˆþõ?RÐC4“²1æ- #L\‹Áä²´…íb#Á\ % ^ # 0ˆ/ U$N· w 4 z Ò— i x mz ù‘ ÆŠ ÆPÆÆÜ 0 D¢NæÔè¼EÑ¿Ó-’U@¿ÎÿÍ7Õº uÆÆÆÆÆo; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; bª"ª"ª"ª"ª"ª"ª"ª"ª"ª"ª"ª"ª"ª"ª"ª"ª"ª"ª"ª"ª"ª"ª"ª"ª"ª"ª"ª"ª"ª"ª"ª"ª"ª"¿²"²" 0 ëq'q'q'q' B\(\( 0¤y( D3) D-P) 0K})}) ASÈ)Æ* 0¤á* 0D…+ A«É+˜HP LaserJet 4000 Series PCL 6ÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈ0»Ʊ‡) (`£ª$¡¡Ñ€.ÑÑ8€½­»»d»»d8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  Ó(í€"  Z6Times New Roman RegularÖJ~'GRA~1ÜV¥ ˜C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wpt3|x ÿU‹ÿÀÀÀ ïÝ ƒROx$ÝÓ  Óà  àòòÚ  Ú3Ú  ÚóóÔ€ô8ôò»»ÔÝ  ÝÔ_ÔThe€defendant€testified€at€his€sentencing€hearing€that€he€takes€a€prescription€drug€called€Ô_ÔNavaneÔ_Ô.€€TheÐ ° Ðdefendantððs€sister€testified€at€the€sentencing€hearing€that,€without€the€medication,€the€defendant€ð ðgets€delusional€andÐ n¾ Ðheððs€not€in€reality€whenever€heððs€not€on€his€medication.ðð€Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5‚Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5„Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5…Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó ÊÝ ƒROx$ÝÓ  Óà  àòòÚ  Ú4Ú  ÚóóÔ€ô8ôò»»ÔÝ  ÝÔ_ÔAt€the€time€of€trial,€Mrs.€Goodmanððs€nineteen„year„old€daughter€had€died. Ý ƒROx$ÝÓ  Óà  àòòÚ  Ú5Ú  ÚóóÔ€ô8ôò»»ÔÝ  ÝÔ_ÔThe€weapon,€a€twenty„gauge€shotgun€given€to€Mrs.€Goodmanððs€daughter€as€a€birthday€present,€was€enteredÐ ° Ðinto€evidence.€ µÝ ƒROx$ÝÓ  Óà  àòòÚ  Ú6Ú  ÚóóÔ€ô8ôò»»ÔÝ  ÝÔ_ÔThe€defendant€misstates€the€law€in€Tennessee€when€claiming€that€ð ð[Ô_Ôt]hereÔ_Ô€must€be€more€than€circumstantialÐ ° Ðevidence€consistent€with€guilt€in€order€to€support€a€conviction€in€a€criminal€case.ðð€€To€the€contrary,€a€ð ðcriminal€offenseÐ n¾ Ðmay€be€established€exclusively€by€circumstantial€evidence.ðð€€òòState€v.€McAfeeóó,€737€S.W.2d€304,€306€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.Ð ,| Ð1987)€(citations€omitted).€€However,€before€a€defendant€may€be€convicted€of€a€crime€based€on€circumstantial€evidenceÐ ê: Ðonly,€the€facts€and€circumstances€ð ðmust€be€so€strong€and€cogent€as€to€exclude€every€other€reasonable€hypothesis€saveÐ ¨ø Ðthe€guilt€of€the€defendant.ðð€€òòState€v.€Crawfordóó,€470€S.W.2d€610,€612€(Tenn.€1971). #Ý ƒROx$ÝÓ  Óà  àòòÚ  Ú8Ú  ÚóóÔ€ô8ôò»»ÔÝ  ÝÔ_ÔThe€State€was€unable€to€explain€why€the€indictment€in€this€case€did€not€allege€bodily€injury€according€to€€39„Ð ° Ð13„101(a)(1)€since€there€was€proof€that€the€defendant€struck€the€victim€in€the€face€causing€bleeding,€but€rather€allegedÐ n¾ Ðonly€ð ðintentionally€or€knowingly€causing€another€to€reasonably€fear€imminent€bodily€injury,ðð€pursuant€to€39„13„Ð ,| Ð101(a)(2).€(ÈhH  Z‹(Times New Roman  ÄÝ ƒROx$ÝÓ  Óà  àòòÚ  Ú11Ú  ÚóóÔ€ô8ôò»»ÔÝ  ÝÔ_ÔOur€review€indicates€that€the€trial€court€addressed€all€relevant€facts€and€circumstances€and€consideredÐ ° Ðappropriate€sentencing€principles.€€The€trial€court€began€its€determination€of€the€defendantððs€sentence€for€aggravatedÐ n¾ Ðassault,€a€Class€C€felony€in€this€case,€at€the€presumptive€minimum€of€six€years€and€enhanced€the€sentence€according€toÐ ,| Ðtwo€factors.€€The€trial€court€gave€little€weight€to€the€mitigating€factors€under€the€catchall€factor€(13).€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€CodeÐ ê: ÐAnn.€ðð€40„35„113(13).€€€  -Ý ƒROx$ÝÓ  Óà  àòòÚ  Ú9Ú  ÚóóÔ€ô8ôò»»ÔÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÔ‡X'Xòô8ôÔ€Ô#†ô8ôòXX'~#ÔThe€range€of€punishment€for€a€Range€II,€multiple€offender€who€commits€a€Class€C€felony€is€six€to€ten€years.€ °Ý ƒROx$ÝÓ  Óà  àòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÔ€ô8ôò»»ÔÝ  ÝÔ_ÔCount€four€was€voluntarily€dismissed€by€the€State. kÝ ƒROx$ÝÓ  Óà  àòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÔ€ô8ôò»»ÔÝ  ÝÔ_ÔMinutes€before€trial€was€to€begin,€the€State€sought€to€amend€the€wording€of€the€indictments€in€the€first€fiveÐ ° Ðcounts,€which,€according€to€the€indictment,€required€the€State€to€show€òòboth€óóð ðuseðð€òòandóó€ð ðdisplayðð€of€a€deadly€weapon,Ð n¾ Ðcontrary€to€the€language€of€the€statute€which€is€in€the€alternative.€€The€trial€court€was€not€persuaded€by€the€StateððsÐ ,| Ðargument€and€held€the€State€to€the€wording€of€the€indictment. eÝ ƒROx$ÝÓ  Óà  àòòÚ  Ú10Ú  ÚóóÔ€ô8ôò»»ÔÝ  ÝÔ_ÔThe€defendantððs€criminal€record,€dating€from€the€1980s,€includes€convictions€for€DUI€(three€convictions),Ð ° Ðmalicious€mischief,€disorderly€conduct,€public€intoxication€(three€convictions),€marijuana€possession€or€sale€(fourÐ n¾ Ðconvictions),€possession€of€Schedule€VI€drugs€(two€convictions),€and€assault€of€Mary€Goodman€prior€to€their€marriage.€Ð ,| ÐAs€to€the€assault€charge,€the€defendant€testified€that€he€ð ðslappedðð€Goodman.- ù- µÝ ƒROx$ÝÓ  Óà  àòòÚ  Ú7Ú  ÚóóÔ€ô8ôò»»ÔÝ  ÝÔ_ÔWe€note€that€as€a€general€rule€ð ðtwo€distinct€offenses€cannot€be€charged€in€the€same€indictment,ðð€òòState€v.Ð ° ÐJeffersonóó,€529€S.W.2d€674,€678€(Tenn.€1975),€òòabandoned€on€other€grounds€byóó€òòState€v.€Mitchellóó,€593€S.W.2d€280€(Tenn.Ð n¾ Ð1980).€€Here,€only€one€offense,€aggravated€assault,€was€charged€in€Counts€One€through€Five€and€one€offense,€assault,Ð ,| Ðin€Count€Six.€€ð ðRecklesslyðð€is€one€of€the€ð ðdifferent€intentsðð€with€which€the€offenses€of€aggravated€assault€or€assault€mayÐ ê: Ðbe€committed€and,€therefore,€may€be€alleged€without€charging€a€different€offense.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„13„206(a).€Ð ¨ø ÐAlthough€not€an€issue€raised€by€the€defendant,€because€no€bodily€harm€was€alleged€in€any€of€the€counts€of€theÐ f¶ Ðindictment,€ð ðrecklesslyðð€would€not€have€been€sufficient€to€establish€the€mens€rea€requirement€where€the€injury€is€of€theÐ $ t Ðkind€that€ð ðcauses€another€to€reasonably€fear€imminent€bodily€injury.ðð(|G2Ox$¤¤Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€F»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  ÚóóÔ€ô8ôò»»Ô d(|3–q$££Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€F»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝVVVV'ÿÿdxd)!ÈÈÈÈdxdx( ±þ$’’ò òFigure€Ú  Ú1Ú  Úó ó^_X`YEþÿ<<CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(|3–q$¢¢Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€F»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó óX[Z&OLE 2.0 Box <=8ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿCÿÿ HKKKKÝ ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€F»»ddÈ8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÑ  ÑÑ  ÑÔ€¼F»»»ÔÑ8€'XXdæ»»d8Ñà@ttìàÔ‡î|#FÔIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEˆÐ ° Ðà@kk$ìàAT€NASHVILLEÔ#†¼F»îî|# #ԈРР ÐÓ  ÓAssigned€on€Briefs€à @ àà @` àOctober€3,€2000Ð ð@ ÐÔ‡X'X»¼FÔÌò òÔ#†¼F»XX' #ÔSTATE€OF€TENNESSEEòòóó€v.€JESSE€C.€GOODMAN,€JR.Ô‡X'X»¼FÔó óÐ ä4 ÐÌà@@½½ìàò òDirect€Appeal€from€the€Circuit€Court€for€Hickman€CountyÐ Ø ( Ðà@@øøìàNo.€99„5109CR„I€€€€€€Timothy€L.€Easter,€JudgeÐ ¾  ÐÌÌà@@ìì*ìàßA€V) °°` d€÷E<o` AßÐ pÀ  ÐÌà@@TTìàNo.€M1999„02132„CCA„R3„CD€„€Filed€December€7,€Ô_Ô2000Ô_ÔÐ eµ  ÐÌßA€V) °°` dE<0` AßÐ 1  Ðó óÌÓ  ÓThe€defendant,€Jesse€C.€Goodman,€Jr.,€was€convicted€by€a€Hickman€County€jury€of€one€count€ofÐ &v  Ðaggravated€assault,€a€Class€C€felony,€three€counts€of€reckless€endangerment,€a€Class€E€felony,€andÐ  \ Ðone€count€of€assault,€a€Class€A€misdemeanor.€€All€counts€arose€out€of€a€single€incident€of€domesticÐ òB Ðviolence,€with€ramifications€that€included€a€four„hour€standoff€between€the€defendant€and€five€lawÐ Ø( Ðenforcement€officers.€€The€defendant€was€sentenced€as€a€Range€II,€multiple€offender€to€nine€yearsÐ ¾ Ðfor€€aggravated€assault;€two€years€for€each€of€the€reckless€endangerment€convictions;€and€elevenÐ ¤ô Ðmonths€and€twenty„nine€days€for€assault.€€The€sentences€for€aggravated€assault€and€recklessÐ ŠÚ Ðendangerment€were€ordered€to€be€served€consecutively,€and€the€misdemeanor€conviction€wasÐ pÀ Ðordered€to€be€served€concurrently€as€to€the€other€sentences,€for€an€effective€sentence€of€fifteen€yearsÐ V¦ Ðin€confinement.€€In€this€appeal€as€of€right,€the€defendant€presents€two€issues:€(1)€Whether€theÐ <Œ Ðevidence€was€sufficient€to€convict€him€of€either€aggravated€assault€or€assault;€and€(2)€Whether€theÐ "r Ðsentences€were€appropriate,€both€as€to€length€of€the€aggravated€assault€sentence€and€the€consecutiveÐ X Ðmanner€of€service€of€the€aggravated€assault€sentence€and€the€reckless€endangerment€sentences.€€WeÐ î> Ðconclude€that€the€convicting€evidence€was€sufficient,€both€as€to€the€aggravated€assault€charge€andÐ Ô$ Ðthe€assault€charge.€€We€further€conclude€that€the€nine„year€sentence€for€aggravated€assault€wasÐ º  Ðappropriate,€as€was€the€consecutive€manner€of€service€of€the€sentences€for€aggravated€assault€andÐ  ð Ðreckless€endangerment.€€The€judgment€of€the€trial€court€is€affirmed.Ð † Ö  ÐÔ#†¼F»XX'—#ÔÔ‡X'X»¼FÔÌÓÃÓÌò òTenn.€R.€App.€P.€3€Appeal€as€of€Right;€Judgment€of€the€Circuit€Court€Affirmedó óÐ 8#ˆ# ÐÌòòÓ  ÓÔ#†¼F»àX'¢ #ÔÔ‡X'X.¼FÔAlan€E.€Glenn,€J.óó,€delivered€the€opinion€of€the€court,€in€which€òòDavid€G.€Hayesóó€and€òòJerry€L.Ð %T % ÐSmith,€JJ.óó,€joined.Ð ê%:!& ÐÌJohn€H.€Henderson,€District€Public€Defender,€for€the€appellant,€Jesse€C.€Goodman,€Jr.Ð ¶'#( ÐÌPaul€G.€Summers,€Attorney€General€and€Reporter;€Marvin€E.€Clements,€Jr.,€Assistant€AttorneyÐ ‚)Ò$* ÐGeneral;€Ronald€L.€Davis,€District€Attorney€General;€and€Robert€Hassell,€Assistant€District€AttorneyÐ h*¸%+ ÐGeneral,€for€the€appellee,€State€of€Tennessee.Ð N+ž&, ÐÓ? ÓÌà@@OO&ìàò òOPINIONó óÔ#†¼F»XX'n #ÔÔ‡X'X»¼FÔÐ -j(.ý ЇòòóóÔ#†¼F»XX'#ÔÓ  ÓÔ€X'X»¼FÔà  àA€Hickman€County€Grand€Jury€returned€a€six„count€indictment€against€the€defendant,€JesseÐ ° ÐC.€Goodman,€Jr.,€including€five€counts€of€aggravated€assault€and€one€count€of€assault,€as€follows:Ð –æ ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àCount€Oneà0` x` xàAggravated€assault€of€William€S.€Davis€by€causingÐ b² Ðhim€to€ð ðreasonably€fear€imminent€bodily€injury€by€useÐ H˜ Ðand€display€of€a€deadly€weapon;ðð׃×Ý ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×Ð. ~xx ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àCount€Twoà0` x` xàAggravated€assault€of€Carl€Hutchinson€by€causingÐ ú J Ðhim€to€ð ðreasonably€fear€imminent€bodily€injury€by€useÐ à 0 Ðand€display€of€a€deadly€weapon;ððÐÆ  xx ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àCount€Threeà0` x` xàAggravated€assault€of€Larry€Holman€by€causing€himÐ ’â  Ðto€ð ðreasonably€fear€imminent€bodily€injury€by€use€andÐ xÈ  Ðdisplay€of€a€deadly€weapon;ððÐ^® xx Ѐ€Ð D”  Ðà8  àà8` Ð Ð àCount€Fourà0` x` xàAggravated€assault€of€Frank€Atkinson€by€causing€himÐ *z  Ðto€ð ðreasonably€fear€imminent€bodily€injury€by€use€andÐ ` Ðdisplay€of€a€deadly€weapon;ððÐöFxx ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àCount€Fiveà0` x` xàAggravated€assault€of€Wayne€Qualls€by€causing€himÐ Â Ðto€ð ðreasonably€fear€imminent€bodily€injury€by€use€andÐ ¨ø Ðdisplay€of€a€deadly€weapon;ððÐŽÞxx ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àCount€Sixà0` x` xàAssault€of€Mary€Goodman€by€causing€her€toÐ Zª Ðð ðreasonably€fear€imminent€bodily€injury.ððÐ@xx ÐÌà  àAll€counts€arose€out€of€a€single€incident€of€domestic€violence€on€November€5,€1998,€withÐ  \ Ðramifications€that€included€a€four„hour€standoff€between€the€defendant€and€five€law€enforcementÐ òB Ðofficers.€€€The€defendant€was€convicted€by€a€jury€of€aggravated€assault€in€Count€One;€of€recklessÐ Ø( Ðendangerment€in€Counts€Two,€Three,€and€Five;׃ˆ×Ý ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€and€assault€in€Count€Six.€€The€trial€court€sentencedÐ ¾ Ðthe€defendant€as€a€Range€II,€multiple€offender€to€nine€years€for€aggravated€assault,€two€years€for€eachÐ ¤ô Ðcount€of€reckless€endangerment,€and€eleven€months€and€twenty„nine€days€for€assault.€€TheÐ Š Ú Ðaggravated€assault€and€reckless€endangerment€sentences€were€ordered€to€run€consecutively€as€to€eachÐ p!À  Ðother€but€concurrently€with€the€sentence€for€assault,€for€an€effective€sentence€of€fifteen€years€in€theÐ V"¦! ÐTennessee€Department€of€Correction.€€Ð <#Œ" ÐÌà  àIn€this€appeal€as€of€right,€the€defendant€presents€two€issues€for€our€review:Ð %X $ Ðà8  àà8` Ð Ð àÐî%>!%` x` x ÐÓ*°,XƒX× –X°œX*Óà8  àà8` Ð Ð àI.€à8× ` x` xàWhether€the€evidence€was€sufficient€to€support€theÐ ° Ðfollowing€convictions:Жæ× ×  ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àà × à(1)€€Aggravated€assault€of€William€S.€Davis;€andÐb²` x` x ЀÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àà × à(2)€€Assault€of€Mary€Goodman;€andÐ. ~` x` x ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àII.€à8× ` x` xàWhether€the€sentences€were€appropriate,€both€as€to€theÐ ú J Ðlength€of€the€aggravated€assault€sentence€and€theÐ à 0 Ðconsecutive€manner€of€service€of€the€aggravated€assaultÐ Æ   Ðsentence€and€the€reckless€endangerment€sentences.€Ð¬ ü × ×  ÐÌà  àBased€on€our€review€of€the€entire€record,€we€conclude€that€the€evidence€was€sufficient€toÐ xÈ  Ðsupport€convictions€for€both€aggravated€assault€and€assault.€€We€further€conclude€that€the€defendantÐ ^®  Ðwas€appropriately€sentenced€for€his€crimes€both€as€to€length€and€manner€of€service.Ð D”  ÐÌà@¤¤(ìàò òòòFACTSó óóóˆÐ ` ÐÌà  àMary€Goodman,€who€had€been€married€to€the€defendant€for€some€two€months,€testified€thatÐ Ü, Ðon€the€morning€of€November€5,€1998,€she€and€the€defendant€drove€from€their€farmhouse€inÐ Â ÐPleasantville,€Tennessee,€into€town€to€buy€beer.€€They€purchased€a€twelve„pack€of€beer.€€Mrs.Ð ¨ø ÐGoodman€wanted€to€visit€a€friend,€but€the€defendant€wanted€to€go€home€with€the€beer.€€Mrs.Ð ŽÞ ÐGoodman€dropped€the€defendant€and€the€twelve„pack€of€beer€off€at€their€farmhouse€at€approximatelyÐ tÄ Ð9:00€a.m.,€and€she€drove€on€to€her€friendððs€house.Ð Zª ÐÌà  àMrs.€Goodman€stayed€at€her€friendððs€house€for€most€of€the€day,€where€she€consumed€someÐ &v Ðfive€cans€of€beer€before€returning€home€around€4:00€p.m.€€The€defendant,€in€the€meantime,€hadÐ  \ Ðconsumed€all€twelve€cans€of€beer€from€the€morning€trip€to€the€store€and€now€insisted€that€his€wifeÐ òB Ðgo€back€for€more.€€Before€she€went€back€down€the€highway,€she€ð ðwanted€a€few€hours€to€sober€upÐ Ø( Ða€little€bit.ðð€€The€defendant€was€in€no€mood€to€wait,€and€an€argument€ensued.€€The€defendant€startedÐ ¾ Ðpacing€and€then€began€throwing€things€around€the€kitchen,€becoming€more€enraged€and€flipping€overÐ ¤ô Ðthe€table€and€chairs.€€Mrs.€Goodman€questioned€him€about€the€medication€he€takes€every€day€toÐ Š Ú Ðcontrol€his€behavior.׃ ×Ý ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú3Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€The€defendant€claimed€that€he€had€taken€his€medication€that€morning.€Ð p!À  ÐNevertheless,€after€the€argument€had€gone€on€for€nearly€half€an€hour,€the€defendant€finally€went€upÐ V"¦! Ðto€his€wife,€looked€her€€ð ðright€in€the€eye,ðð€doubled€up€his€fist,€and€hit€her€square€in€the€face.Ð <#Œ" ÐÌà  àAt€this€point,€Mrs.€Goodman€yelled€for€her€three,€teenaged€children€to€get€out€of€the€house.€Ð %X $ ÐMrs.€Goodman€and€the€children€went€to€a€neighborððs€house€and€called€the€police.€€Mrs.€GoodmanÐ î%>!% Ðâ âthen€went€back€down€the€road€to€wait€for€the€police.€€Because€her€daughter€required€a€dialysisÐ Ô&$"& Ðmachine€that€was€in€the€farmhouse,€Mrs.€Goodman€felt€that€she€needed€help€to€get€the€machine€forÐ ° Ðher€daughter€and€could€not€just€wait€the€defendant€out.׃×Ý ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú4Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×Ð –æ Ðâ âÌà  àCarl€Hutchinson€and€William€Davis,€deputy€sheriffs€with€the€Hickman€County€SheriffððsÐ b² ÐDepartment,€arrived€on€the€scene€first.€€Responding€to€what€seemed€to€be€a€domestic€problem,€theÐ H˜ Ðdeputies€placed€Mrs.€Goodman€in€the€backseat€of€their€patrol€car€and€drove€up€to€the€farmhouse.€Ð . ~ ÐHutchinson€approached€the€front€door,€knocked,€and€asked€the€defendant€to€come€out€onto€the€porchÐ  d Ðto€talk€about€the€incident.€€Hutchinson€testified€that€ð ðI€asked€him€to€come€out€on€the€porch€and€heÐ ú J Ðsaid,€ððCome€on€up€in€here.ðð€€And€I€said,€ððI€canððt€do€that.€€Just€come€out€here€on€the€porch.ðð€€And€IÐ à 0 Ðtold€him€that€he€wasnððt€under€arrest€and€all€that,€and€he€said,€ððCome€on€up€in€here€motherfucker.ðððð€Ð Æ   ÐÌà  àBy€this€time,€Deputy€Davis€was€also€on€the€porch.€€When€the€defendant€slammed€the€doorÐ ’â  Ðshut,€it€bounced€back€a€bit,€and€Davis€then€pushed€it€all€the€way€open€and€stepped€inside.€€Davis€sawÐ xÈ  Ðthe€defendant€pick€up€a€weapon,€which€Davis€knew€was€a€shotgun€or€rifle.׃N×Ý ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú5Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€Davis€told€the€defendantÐ ^®  Ðto€put€the€gun€down,€that€he€just€wanted€to€talk€to€him.€€The€defendant€told€Davis€not€to€come€intoÐ D”  Ðhis€house€and€then€pointed€the€gun€at€Davis.€€Davis€drew€his€weapon€and€yelled€ð ðGunðð€to€warnÐ *z  ÐHutchinson,€whom€he€thought€was€right€behind€him.€€The€two€officers€scattered€to€safety€behind€aÐ ` Ðwell€house€in€the€front€yard.€€Because€they€feared€for€the€safety€of€Mrs.€Goodman,€still€in€the€patrolÐ öF Ðcar€parked€close€to€the€house,€they€decided€to€move€the€car.€€Once€the€car€was€moved,€Davis€got€onÐ Ü, Ðthe€patrol€carððs€loudspeaker€and€again€told€the€defendant€that€all€they€wanted€to€do€was€talk€to€him.€Ð  ÐAt€this€point,€the€defendant€fired€the€first€shot.€€Dusk€had€settled,€and€the€officers€did€not€knowÐ ¨ø Ðexactly€where€the€defendant€was,€but€they€were€afraid€that€he€was€firing€at€them.€€They€called€forÐ ŽÞ Ðbackup€forces.€€In€the€meantime,€hearing€and€seeing€nothing€and€thinking€the€defendant€might€haveÐ tÄ Ðtaken€his€own€life,€Davis€again€spoke€to€the€defendant€over€the€loudspeaker.€€The€defendantÐ Zª Ðresponded€by€firing€the€shotgun€a€second€time.Ð @ ÐÌà  àSome€ten€minutes€after€the€second€shot€was€fired,€Constable€Wayne€Qualls€arrived€to€assist.€Ð  \ ÐMrs.€Goodman,€who€had€been€told€to€take€better€cover€in€a€cow€pasture,€was€taken€back€to€theÐ òB Ðneighborððs€house€where€her€children€were.€€Detective€Larry€Holman€arrived€shortly€after€Qualls,€andÐ Ø( Ðlater€Sheriff€Atkinson€arrived€on€the€scene.€€The€sheriff€had€all€patrol€cars€move€back€from€theÐ ¾ Ðfarmhouse€and€out€to€the€main€road.€€Qualls€and€Holman€proceeded€up€to€the€farmhouse€on€foot.€Ð ¤ô ÐHolman€moved€to€the€kitchen€door€and€called€to€the€defendant€in€an€attempt€to€get€him€to€come€out.€Ð Š Ú ÐThe€defendant€yelled€back,€warning€that€if€the€deputy€tried€to€come€in,€the€defendant€would€shootÐ p!À  Ðhim.€€Holman€and€Qualls€moved€back€to€check€in€with€the€sheriff,€and€then€the€two€deputies€returnedÐ V"¦! Ðto€positions€at€the€farmhouse€where€they€could€again€call€to€the€defendant.€€Holman€and€Qualls€triedÐ <#Œ" Ðto€talk€the€defendant€into€coming€out.€€The€defendant€again€threatened€to€kill€them,€calling€theÐ "$r# Ðofficers€ð ðpigs.ðð€€At€this€point,€the€defendant€fired€another€shot,€this€one€breaking€glass€as€it€exitedÐ %X $ Ðthe€house.€€The€two€deputies€retreated€back€to€where€the€other€patrol€cars€were€located€on€the€mainÐ î%>!% Ðstreet.€€Sheriff€Atkinson€made€one€more€effort€to€talk€to€the€defendant€over€a€loudspeaker,€but€theÐ Ô&$"& Ðdefendant€responded€by€firing€another€shot.Ð º' #' Ї€€€€€€€€€€€€By€this€time,€it€was€dark,€and€nearly€four€hours€had€passed€since€the€first€deputies€had€arrivedÐ ° Ðon€the€scene.€€Finally,€the€defendantððs€sister€was€brought€to€the€scene€in€an€effort€to€reason€with€theÐ –æ Ðdefendant.€€She€was€able€to€go€into€the€farmhouse€and€convince€the€defendant€to€surrender.€€TheÐ |Ì Ðdefendant€was€then€taken€into€custody.Ð b² ÐÌà@òò&ìàò òòòANALYSISˆÐ . ~ ÐóóÌà@úúìàI.€€Sufficiency€of€the€EvidenceˆÐ ú J ÐÌà  àó óThe€defendant€challenges€the€sufficiency€of€the€convicting€evidence€as€to€the€aggravatedÐ Æ   Ðassault€charge€in€Count€One€and€the€assault€charge€in€Count€Six.Ð ¬ ü  ÐÌà  àWhere€sufficiency€of€the€evidence€is€challenged,€the€relevant€question€for€an€appellate€courtÐ xÈ  Ðis€whether,€after€viewing€the€evidence€in€the€light€most€favorable€to€the€prosecution,€any€rationalÐ ^®  Ðtrier€of€fact€could€have€found€the€essential€elements€of€the€crime€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt.€€òòSeeóóÐ D”  ÐTenn.€R.€App.€P.€13(e)€(ð ðFindings€of€guilt€in€criminal€actions€whether€by€the€trial€court€or€jury€shallÐ *z  Ðbe€set€aside€if€the€evidence€is€insufficient€to€support€the€findings€by€the€trier€of€fact€of€guilt€beyondÐ ` Ða€reasonable€doubt.ðð);€òòseeóó€òòalsoóó€òòJackson€v.€Virginiaóó,€443€U.S.€307,€319,€99€S.€Ct.€2781,€2789,€61€L.Ð öF ÐEd.€2d€560€(1979);€òòState€v.€Abramsóó,€935€S.W.2d€399,€401€(Tenn.€1996).€€This€rule€applies€to€guiltyÐ Ü, Ðverdicts€predicated€on€direct€evidence,€circumstantial€evidence,€or€a€combination€of€both€direct€andÐ Â Ðcircumstantial€evidence.׃×Ý ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú6Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Matthewsóó,€805€S.W.2d€776,€779€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1990).Ð ¨ø ÐÌà  àGreat€weight€is€given€to€the€result€reached€by€the€jury€in€criminal€trials.€A€jury€verdictÐ tÄ Ðaccredits€the€Stateððs€witnesses€and€resolves€all€conflicts€in€favor€of€the€State.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Bigbeeóó,Ð Zª Ð885€S.W.2d€797,€803€(Tenn.€1994).€€On€appeal,€the€State€is€entitled€to€the€strongest€legitimate€viewÐ @ Ðof€the€evidence€and€all€reasonable€inferences€that€may€be€drawn€from€the€evidence.€€òòSeeóó€òòidóó.€at€803;Ð &v Ðòòseeóó€òòalsoóó€òòState€v.€Cabbageóó,€571€S.W.2d€832,€835€(Tenn.€1978).€€Moreover,€a€guilty€verdict€removesÐ  \ Ðthe€presumption€of€innocence€that€the€defendant€enjoys€at€trial€and€raises€a€presumption€of€guilt€onÐ òB Ðappeal.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Graceóó,€493€S.W.2d€474,€476€(Tenn.€1973).€€The€defendant€has€the€burden€ofÐ Ø( Ðovercoming€this€presumption€of€guilt.€€òòSeeóó€òòidóó.€Ð ¾ ÐÌà@ìàò òA.€€Aggravated€AssaultˆÐ Š Ú Ðà  àà ` àà × àà  àà h àà À àà  àà p àà È àÌà  àó ó€The€jury€found€the€defendant€guilty€of€the€aggravated€assault€of€Deputy€William€S.€Davis.€Ð V"¦! ÐThe€defendant€contends€that€the€State€failed€to€prove€the€requisite€mental€element€of€the€offense€andÐ <#Œ" Ðthat€the€evidence€was,€therefore,€insufficient€to€convict€him.Ð "$r# Ðâ âÐ %X $ Ðà  àAggravated€assault€occurs€when€a€person€ð ð[i]ntentionally€or€knowingly€commits€an€assaultÐ ° Ðâ âas€defined€in€ðð€39„13„101€and€.€.€.€[u]ses€or€displays€a€deadly€weapon[.]ðð€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„13„Ð –æ Ð102(a)(1)(B)€(1997).€€An€assault€occurs€when€one€ð ð[i]ntentionally,€knowingly€or€recklessly€causesÐ |Ì Ðbodily€injury€to€another€[or]€[i]ntentionally€or€knowingly€causes€another€to€reasonably€fear€imminentÐ b² Ðbodily€injury[.]ðð€€òòIdóó.€ðð€39„13„301(a)(1),€(2).€€ò òó óAccording€to€the€indictment,€€the€defendant€ð ðunlawfullyÐ H˜ Ðand€feloniously,€intentionally,€knowingly,€or€recklessly,€did€cause€William€S.€Davis€to€reasonablyÐ . ~ Ðfear€imminent€bodily€injury€by€use€and€display€of€a€deadly€weapon,€to„wit:€a€firearm,€in€violationÐ  d Ðof€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€39„13„102.ðð€Ð ú J ÐÌà  àFirst,€we€recognize€that€our€supreme€court€has€stated€that€it€has€relaxed€the€pleadingÐ Æ   Ðrequirements€for€indictments.€€òòSeeóó€òòRuff€v.€Stateóó,€978€S.W.2d€95,€100€(Tenn.€1998);€òòState€v.€Hillóó,€954Ð ¬ ü  ÐS.W.2d€725,€727€(Tenn.€1997).€€The€indictment€must€still€ð ðstate€the€facts€constituting€the€offense€inÐ ’â  Ðordinary€and€concise€language€.€.€.€.ðð€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„13„202.€€Ð xÈ  ÐÌà  àIn€the€present€case,€as€we€noted€above,€the€language€of€the€indictment€failed€to€precisely€trackÐ D”  Ðapplicable€statutory€language.€€The€State€was€required€to€show€that€the€aggravating€element€of€theÐ *z  Ðassault€was€the€ð ðuse€òòandóó€displayðð€of€a€deadly€weapon€rather€than€ð ðuse€òòoróó€displayðð€as€stated€in€theÐ ` Ðstatute.€€Also,€the€indictment,€by€including€ð ðrecklesslyðð€as€a€mental€element€erroneously€providedÐ öF Ðfor€a€less€stringent€standard€than€the€statute€requires€when€the€victim€is€caused€to€ð ðreasonably€fearÐ Ü, Ðimminent€bodily€injury,ðð€which€standard€is€stated,€in€the€alternative,€as€ð ðintentionally€orÐ Â Ðknowingly.ðð׃P×Ý ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú7Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ׀Р¨ø ÐÌÌà  àThe€trial€court,€holding€the€State€to€the€wording€of€the€indictment€and€requirements€of€theÐ Zª Ðapplicable€statute,€correctly€instructed€the€jury€as€follows:Ð @ ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àà × àAny€person€who€commits€the€offense€of€aggravated€assault€isÐ  \ Ðguilty€of€a€crime.€€ÐòB` x` x ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àà × àFor€you€to€find€the€defendant€guilty€of€this€offense,€the€stateÐ ¾ Ðmust€have€proven€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt€the€existence€of€theÐ ¤ô Ðfollowing€essential€elements:Њ Ú` x` x ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àà × à(1)€€that€the€defendant€intentionally€or€knowingly€caused€anotherÐ V"¦! Ðà × àto€reasonably€fear€imminent€bodily€injury;€andÐ<#Œ"` x` x ÐÐ "$r# Ðà8  àà8` Ð Ð àà × à(2)€€that€the€defendant€used€and€displayed€a€deadly€weapon.€€€Ð°` x` x ÐÌà  àA€person€acts€intentionally€with€respect€to€the€nature€of€his€conduct€ð ðwhen€it€is€the€personððsÐ |Ì Ðconscious€objective€or€desire€to€engage€in€the€conduct€or€cause€the€result.ðð€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„Ð b² Ð11„302(a).€€A€person€acts€knowingly€ð ðwhen€the€person€is€aware€of€the€nature€of€the€conduct€or€thatÐ H˜ Ðthe€circumstances€exist.€€A€person€acts€knowingly€with€respect€to€a€result€of€the€personððs€conductÐ . ~ Ðwhen€the€person€is€aware€that€the€conduct€is€reasonably€certain€to€cause€the€result.ðð€€òòIdóó.€ðð€39„11„Ð  d Ð302(b).€€ð ðWhen€acting€knowingly€suffices€to€establish€an€element,€that€element€is€also€establishedÐ ú J Ðif€a€person€acts€intentionally.ðð€€òòIdóó.€ðð€39„11„301(a)(2).€€Proof€that€a€person€acted€intentionally€would,Ð à 0 Ðtherefore,€satisfy€the€mens€rea€requirement€of€aggravated€assault.€Ð Æ   ÐÌà  à€The€defendant€does€not€contest€proof€as€to€the€aggravating€factor€itself,€that€is,€the€use€andÐ ’â  Ðdisplay€of€a€deadly€weapon.€€The€defendant€contends€only€that€the€State€failed€to€show€that€he€hadÐ xÈ  Ðthe€requisite€mens€rea€to€commit€the€crime€of€aggravated€assault.€€€We€disagree.€€The€record€containsÐ ^®  Ðample€proof€from€which€the€jury€could€have€concluded€that€the€defendant€acted€intentionally.€Ð D”  ÐDeputy€Davis€testified€to€the€following:Ð *z  ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àQ.€€What€did€you€see€the€defendant€do€with€the€gun?ÐöF` x` x ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àA.€€At€first€he€was€just€picking€the€gun€up,€he€kind€of€„€„€he€didnððtÐ Â Ðreally€have€good€control€of€it,€he€was€just€picking€it€up.€€And€I€toldÐ ¨ø Ðhim€to€put€the€gun€down,€I€just€wanted€to€talk€to€him.€€And€he€told€meÐ ŽÞ Ðagain€not€to€come€in€his€house,€and€then€he€picked€the€gun€up€to€pointÐ tÄ Ðit€around€at€me€like€he€was€going€to€shoot€me.€ÐZª` x` x ÐÌà  àDavis€further€testified€that€he€ð ðgot€scaredðð€because€he€knew€that€the€ð ðlittle€door€I€was€behindÐ &v Ðwasnððt€gonna€stop€that€bullet.ðð€€The€defendant€testified€on€cross„examination€at€the€sentencingÐ  \ Ðhearing€to€the€following:Ð òB ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àQ.€€Did€you€fire€at€anybody?о` x` x ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àA.€€No,€sir,€I€didnððt.€€Iððm€an€excellent€shot€and€I€donððt€miss.€€I€shot€aÐ Š Ú Ðfew€windows€out€of€my€own€home€because€I€was€still€angry.€€IÐ p!À  Ðknowed€(sic)€I€was€going€to€jail,€but€I€was€just€going€to€show€my€hindÐ V"¦! Ðend€a€little€bit.Ð<#Œ"` x` x ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àQ.€€Well,€when€you€fired€the€shots,€did€you€fire€them€knowing€thereÐ %X $ Ðwere€police€that€you€could€hit€with€the€shots?Ðî%>!%` x` x ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àA.€€I€was€extremely€careful€not€to€hit€one€of€the€officers.€€EvenÐ º' #' Ðthough€Iððm€mental,€Iððm€not€totally€ignorant€on€the€law,€and€I€knowÐ  (ð#( Ðitððs€automatic€death€penalty€to€shoot€a€police€officer,€whether€you€killÐ †)Ö$) Ðthem€or€not,€no€plea€bargain.Ðl*¼%*` x` x Ðâ âÐ R+¢&+ Ðà  àWe€determine€that€the€evidence€in€the€record€supports€either€conclusion€and€is€sufficient€toÐ ° Ðâ âprove€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt€the€mens€rea€element€of€aggravated€assault.€€This€issue€is€withoutÐ –æ Ðmerit.Ð |Ì ÐÌà@ïï$ìàò òB.€€Assaultó 󀀈à p àÐ H˜ ÐÌà  à€The€jury€found€the€defendant€guilty€of€the€assault€of€his€wife,€Mary€Goodman,€based€on€theÐ  d Ðdomestic€incident€that€set€in€motion€the€extended€events€from€which€all€other€counts€arose.€€TheÐ ú J Ðdefendant€argues€that€the€State€failed€to€show€that€he€intentionally€or€knowingly€caused€Mrs.Ð à 0 ÐGoodman€to€reasonably€fear€imminent€bodily€injury€and€that€the€evidence€is€therefore€insufficientÐ Æ   Ðto€convict€him€of€assault.Ð ¬ ü  ÐÌà  àThe€indictment€in€Count€Six€states€that€the€defendant€ð ðunlawfully,€intentionally€andÐ xÈ  Ðknowingly,€caused€one€Mary€Goodman€to€reasonably€fear€imminent€bodily€injury,€in€violation€ofÐ ^®  ÐSection€39„13„101,€Tennessee€Code€Annotated.ðð׃×Ý ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú8Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€Ð D”  ÐÌà  àTestimony€presented€at€trial€indicated€that€the€defendant€was€angry€that€Mrs.€GoodmanÐ ` Ðwould€not€immediately€go€purchase€more€beer;€that€he€became€increasingly€violent€as€they€argued,Ð öF Ðtossing€over€furniture;€that€he€finally€looked€the€victim€directly€in€the€eyes€and€punched€her€in€theÐ Ü, Ðface€with€his€fist.€€The€victim€testified€to€bleeding€from€her€nose€and€feeling€dizzy.€€She€testifiedÐ Â Ðfurther€to€the€following:Ð ¨ø ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àA.€€I€yelled€for€my€kids€to€run,€itððs€time€to€go.€€It€was€time€to€leave.€Ð tÄ ÐI€wanted€to€get€them€away.ÐZª` x` x ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àQ.€€Why€is€that?Ð&v` x` x ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àA.€€Because,€thatððs€the€only€thing€you€canððt€replace.ÐòB` x` x ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àQ.€€Why€did€you€want€to€leave?о` x` x ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àA.€€Safety,€get€away€from€the€threat.€€It€didnððt€occur€to€me€to€beÐ Š Ú Ðoffensive€(sic).Ðp!À ` x` x ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àQ.€€What€did€you€think€he€was€going€to€do?Ð<#Œ"` x` x ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àA.€€Continue€the€abusive€act€if€we€didnððt€get€away.€€I€thought€it€wouldÐ %X $ Ðescalate,€might€get€worse.€€He€might€beat€me€more,€he€might€turn€andÐ î%>!% Ðstart€on€any€or€all€of€my€children.€ÐÔ&$"&` x` x ÐÐ º' #' Ðà  àWe€conclude€that€there€was€sufficient€evidence€for€the€jury€to€find€that€the€defendant€actedÐ ° Ðintentionally€when€he€struck€the€victim€in€the€face€and€that€such€an€act€caused€the€victim€toÐ –æ Ðreasonably€fear€that€she€was€in€danger€of€being€beaten€again€and€suffering€more€bodily€injury€at€theÐ |Ì Ðhands€of€the€enraged€defendant€if€she€did€not€immediately€escape.€€This€issue€is€without€merit.€Ð b² ÐÌà@,,ìàò òII.€€Excessive€SentenceˆÐ . ~ ÐÌà  àó óThe€defendant€asserts€that€his€sentence€is€excessive€both€as€to€the€length€of€his€sentence€forÐ ú J Ðaggravated€assault€and€the€consecutive€manner€of€service€of€his€sentences€for€aggravated€assault€andÐ à 0 Ðreckless€endangerment.Ð Æ   ÐÌà  àThe€standards€applicable€to€our€review€of€the€defendantððs€sentencing€issues€are€wellÐ ’â  Ðestablished.€€Ô‡X'XXX'ÔWhen€an€accused€challenges€the€length€and€manner€of€service€of€a€sentence,€it€is€theÐ xÈ  Ðduty€of€this€court€to€conduct€a€òòóóòòde€novoóó€review€on€the€record€with€a€presumption€that€"theÐ ^®  Ðdeterminations€made€by€the€court€from€which€the€appeal€is€taken€are€correct."€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ððÐ D”  Ð40„35„401(d).€€This€presumption€is€"conditioned€upon€the€affirmative€showing€in€the€record€that€theÐ *z  Ðtrial€court€considered€the€sentencing€principles€and€all€relevant€facts€and€circumstances."€€òòState€v.Ð ` ÐAshbyóó,€823€S.W.2d€166,€169€(Tenn.€1991).€€The€presumption€does€not€apply€to€the€legal€conclusionsÐ öF Ðreached€by€the€trial€court€in€sentencing€the€accused€or€to€the€determinations€made€by€the€trial€courtÐ Ü, Ðwhich€are€predicated€upon€uncontroverted€facts.€€òòState€v.€Butleróó,€900€S.W.2d€305,€311€(Tenn.€Crim.Ð Â ÐApp.€1994);€€òòState€v.€Smithóó,€891€S.W.2d€922,€929€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.),€òòpermóó.€òòappóó.€òòdeniedóó€(Tenn.Ð ¨ø Ð1994);€€òòState€v.€Bonestelóó,€871€S.W.2d€163,€166€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1993).€€However,€this€court€isÐ ŽÞ Ðrequired€to€give€great€weight€to€the€trial€court's€determination€of€controverted€facts€as€the€trial€court'sÐ tÄ Ðdetermination€of€these€facts€is€predicated€upon€the€witnesses'€demeanor€and€appearance€whenÐ Zª Ðtestifying.Ð @ ÐÌà  àIn€conducting€a€òòóóòòde€novoóó€review€of€a€sentence,€this€court€must€consider€(a)€any€evidenceÐ  \ Ðreceived€at€the€trial€and/or€sentencing€hearing,€(b)€the€presentence€report,€(c)€the€principles€ofÐ òB Ðsentencing,€(d)€the€arguments€of€counsel€relative€to€sentencing€alternatives,€(e)€the€nature€andÐ Ø( Ðcharacteristics€of€the€offense,€(f)€any€mitigating€or€enhancing€factors,€(g)€any€statements€made€byÐ ¾ Ðthe€accused€in€his€own€behalf,€and€(h)€the€accused's€potential€or€lack€of€potential€for€rehabilitationÐ ¤ô Ðor€treatment.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðððð€40„35„103€and€„210;€€òòState€v.€Scottóó,€735€S.W.2d€825,€829€(Tenn.Ð Š Ú ÐCrim.€App.),€òòpermóó.€òòappóó.€òòdeniedóó€(Tenn.€1987).Ð p!À  ÐÌà  àThe€party€challenging€the€sentences€imposed€by€the€trial€court€has€the€burden€of€establishingÐ <#Œ" Ðthat€the€sentences€are€erroneous.€€Sentencing€Commission€Cmts.€to€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„401;€Ð "$r# ÐòòAshbyóó,€823€S.W.2d€at€169òòóó.€€In€this€case,€the€defendant€has€the€burden€of€illustrating€the€sentencesÐ %X $ Ðimposed€by€the€trial€court€are€erroneous.Ô#†X'XXX'—s#Ô€€ò òÐ î%>!% ÐÌà@  ìàA.€€Length€of€Sentence€For€Aggravated€AssaultˆÐ º' #' Ðâ âÐ  (ð#( Ðà  àó óThe€defendant€contends€that€his€sentence€of€nine€years€for€the€aggravated€assault€of€DeputyÐ ° ÐDavis€is€excessive€and€should€be€reduced€to€six€years.׃×Ý ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú9Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€The€defendant€fails€to€point€to€any€allegedÐ –æ Ðâ âerror€made€by€the€trial€court€to€support€this€contention.€€The€defendant€does€not€contest€the€trialÐ |Ì Ðcourtððs€determination€that€he€should€be€sentenced€as€a€Range€II,€multiple€offender.€€The€defendantÐ b² Ðdoes€not€contest€the€application€by€the€trial€court€of€two€enhancement€factors:€(1)€ð ð[T]he€victim€ofÐ H˜ Ðthe€aggravated€assault€was€a€law€enforcement€officer[,]ðð€€òòóóTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„13„102(d);€and€(2)Ð . ~ Ðð ðThe€defendant€has€a€previous€history€of€criminal€convictions€or€criminal€behavior€in€addition€toÐ  d Ðthose€necessary€to€establish€the€appropriate€range[,]ðð€òòidóó.€ðð€40„35„114(1).׃#v×Ý ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú10Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€Neither€does€theÐ ú J Ðdefendant€contend€that€the€trial€court€misapplied€any€mitigating€factor,€or€failed€to€apply€anÐ à 0 Ðappropriate€mitigating€factor,€or€inappropriately€weighed€enhancement€factors€and€mitigatingÐ Æ   Ðfactors.€€Ð ¬ ü  ÐÌà  àThe€defendant€has€failed€to€meet€his€burden€of€illustrating€to€this€court€any€error€made€by€theÐ xÈ  Ðtrial€court€in€determining€the€appropriate€length€of€his€sentence€for€aggravated€assault.€€We€concludeÐ ^®  Ðthat€the€trial€court€appropriately€sentenced€the€defendant€to€nine€years€for€aggravated€assault.׃6×Ý ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú11Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ׀РD”  ÐÌÐ  ` Ðà@&&ìàò òB.€€Manner€of€Service€of€SentencesˆÐ ° ÐÌó óà  àAt€the€sentencing€hearing,€the€trial€court€ordered€the€defendant€to€serve€his€two„yearÐ |Ì Ðsentences€for€the€reckless€endangerment€of€Deputy€Hutchinson,€Detective€Holman,€and€ConstableÐ b² ÐQualls€consecutively,€as€to€each€other,€and€also€consecutively€to€his€sentence€of€nine€years€for€theÐ H˜ Ðaggravated€assault€of€Deputy€Davis.€€The€trial€court€ordered€that€the€sentence€for€the€assault€of€MaryÐ . ~ ÐGoodman€be€served€concurrently€to€the€other€sentences.€€The€defendant,€therefore,€received€anÐ  d Ðeffective€sentence€of€fifteen€years€in€the€Department€of€Correction.Ð ú J ÐÌà  àAt€the€sentencing€hearing,€the€trial€court€stated€the€following€concerning€consecutive€orÐ Æ   Ðconcurrent€sentences:Ð ¬ ü  ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àTurning€now€to€the€question€of€concurrent€or€consecutive€sentencing.€Ð xÈ  ÐUnder€40„35„115€regarding€multiple€convictions,€the€court€has€theÐ ^®  Ðdiscretion€to€order€sentences€to€run€consecutively€if€it€finds€by€aÐ D”  Ðpreponderance€of€the€evidence€one€of€several€factors€set€out€in€thatÐ *z  Ðstatute.€€One€of€which€is€that€the€defendant€is€an€offender€whoseÐ ` Ðrecord€of€criminal€activity€is€extensive€and€that€the€defendant€isÐ öF Ðsentenced€for€an€offense€committed€while€on€probation.€€And€I€findÐ Ü, Ðboth€of€those€factors€to€apply€in€this€case€by€a€preponderance€of€theÐ Â Ðevidence.€€Additionally,€I€find€that€an€extended€sentence€is€necessaryÐ ¨ø Ðto€protect€the€public€against€further€criminal€conduct€by€thisÐ ŽÞ Ðdefendant,€and€that€the€consecutive€sentencing€is€reasonably€relatedÐ tÄ Ðto€the€severity€of€the€offense€committed€in€this€case€and€that€this€is€aÐ Zª Ðcase€where€consecutive€sentencing€is€appropriate€under€the€standardsÐ @ Ðset€out€both€in€the€Code€as€well€as€òòState€versus€Wilkersonóó.€Ð&v` x` x ÐÌà  àThe€defendant€asserts€that€his€sentences€should€have€been€ordered€served€concurrently.€€HeÐ òB Ðargues€specifically€that€the€trial€court€misapplied€factors€to€support€consecutive€sentencing€pursuantÐ Ø( Ðto€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€Section€40„35„115,€including€the€following:€€ð ðThe€defendant€is€anÐ ¾ Ðoffender€whose€record€of€criminal€activity€is€extensive;€.€.€.€òòóóThe€defendant€is€sentenced€for€an€offenseÐ ¤ô Ðcommitted€while€on€probation€.€.€.€[.]ðð€€òòIdóó.€ðð€40„35„115(b)(2),€(6).€€The€defendant€asserts€further€thatÐ Š Ú Ðthe€trial€court€inappropriately€applied€two€additional€factors:€€ð ð[T]hat€an€extended€sentence€isÐ p!À  Ðnecessary€to€protect€the€public€against€further€criminal€conduct€by€the€defendant€and€that€theÐ V"¦! Ðconsecutive€sentences€must€reasonably€relate€to€the€severity€of€the€offenses€committed.ðð€€òòState€v.Ð <#Œ" ÐWilkersonóó,€905€S.W.2d€933,€939€(Tenn.€1995).€€As€the€òòWilkersonóó€court€noted,€these€last€twoÐ "$r# Ðconsiderations€apply€only€when€the€trial€court€has€determined€the€defendant€to€be€a€ð ðdangerousÐ %X $ Ðoffenderðð€€pursuant€to€factor€(4)€of€40„35„115(b),€that€is,€ð ð[t]he€defendant€is€a€dangerous€offenderÐ î%>!% Ðwhose€behavior€indicates€little€or€no€regard€for€human€life,€and€no€hesitation€about€committing€aÐ Ô&$"& Ðcrime€in€which€the€risk€to€human€life€is€high.ðð€€Ð º' #' ÐÌà  àTaking€the€defendantððs€assertions€in€order,€we€conclude€that€the€record€fully€supports€the€trialÐ †)Ö$) Ðcourtððs€reliance€on€the€facts€that€this€defendant€has€an€extensive€record€of€criminal€activity€and€thatÐ l*¼%* Ðthe€defendant€is€sentenced€for€an€offense€committed€while€on€probation.€€The€defendant€testified€thatÐ R+¢&+ Ðat€the€time€of€this€offense,€he€was€on€probation€for€another€assault€against€his€wife.€€As€far€as€theÐ 8,ˆ', Ðdefendantððs€criminal€activity€is€concerned,€the€trial€court€found€the€facts€presented€at€the€sentencingÐ ° Ðhearing€to€be€ð ðshocking.ðð€€The€following€exchange€between€the€defendant€and€the€trial€courtÐ –æ Ðoccurred:Ð |Ì ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àTHE€COURT:€When€is€the€last€time€you€smoked€marijuana?ÐH˜` x` x ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àTHE€WITNESS:€Yesterday€evening.Ð d` x` x ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àTHE€COURT:€So€if€I€had€you€tested€right€now,€youððre€going€to€testÐ à 0 Ðpositive?ÐÆ  ` x` x ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àTHE€WITNESS:€Yes,€sir.Ð’â ` x` x ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àTHE€COURT:€You€knew€you€were€coming€to€court€today?Ð^® ` x` x ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àTHE€WITNESS:€Yes,€sir.Ð*z ` x` x ÐÌà  àWe€agree€with€the€defendant€that€the€trial€court€was€not€sentencing€the€defendant€as€aÐ öF Ðð ðdangerous€offender,ðð€and€therefore€its€reliance€on€the€two€òòWilkersonóó€factors€was€misplaced.€Ð Ü, ÐNevertheless,€such€error€is€harmless€because€the€preponderance€of€the€evidence€supports€the€trialÐ Â Ðcourtððs€ordering€that€the€defendant€serve€his€sentences€consecutively€pursuant€to€Tennessee€CodeÐ ¨ø ÐAnnotated€Section€40„35„115(b)(2)€and€(6).€Ð ŽÞ ÐÌà@FF%ìàò òòòCONCLUSIONóóˆÐ Zª ÐÌà  àó óWe€conclude€that€the€evidence€was€sufficient€to€support€the€convictions€for€aggravatedÐ &v Ðassault€and€assault.€€We€further€conclude€that€the€trial€court€appropriately€sentenced€the€defendantÐ  \ Ðto€an€effective€sentence€of€fifteen€years€in€confinement.€€The€judgment€of€the€trial€court€is€affirmed.€Ð òB Ѐ€€€€€€€€Ð Ø( ÐÌÌà8  àÐ Ð Ð  Ðà  àà ` àà × àà  àà h àà À àà  à___________________________________€Ð p!À  Ðà  àà ` àà × àà  àà h àà À àà  àALAN€E.€GLENN,€JUDGE