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Ò¹ 0D‹ zÏ ÒI ^  Æ' Æí ƳÆyw?NC4EYEhj mllllllllllllllllllllllbƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒ 0ë‹‹‹‹ Bvv 0¤“ D37 D-j 0K—— ASâÆ5 0¤ûû A«Ÿ˜HP LaserJet 4050ÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈ0»($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó(`£ª$¡¡Ñ€.ÑÑ8€½­»»d»»d8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  Ó(í€"  Z6Times New Roman Regular ˜C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wpt(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó ˜C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wpt#£ý,â Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5‚Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5„Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5…Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5yG*Ä¥3|xÿU‹ÿÀÀÀ- ù-(|G2¶I$¤¤Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€Au»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  ÚóóÔ€ô÷=ò»»Ô d(|3$££Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€Au»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝVVVV'ÿÿdxd)!ÈÈÈÈdxdx( ±þ$’’ò òFigure€Ú  Ú1Ú  Úó ó^_XYEþÿ<<CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(|3$¢¢Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€Au»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝX[Z&OLE 2.0 Box <=8ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿCÿÿ HKKKKÝ ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€Au»»ddÈ8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÑ  ÑÑ  ÑÔ€¼Au»»»ÔÑ8€ ¹XXdì»»d8Ñà@ttìàÔ‡îA”AuÔIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEˆÐ ° Ðà@WW$ìàAT€KNOXVILLEÔ#†¼Au»îîA” #ԈРÖ& ÐÓ  Óà @ àà @` àAssigned€on€Briefs€December€18,€2001Ð üL ÐÔ‡X ¹X»¼AuÔÌò òÔ#†¼Au»XX ¹"#ÔSTATE€OF€TENNESSEEòòóó€v.€BOBBY€GENE€Ô_ÔGOODSONÔ_ÔòòóóÔ‡X ¹X»¼AuÔó óÐ úJ ÐÌà@@½½ìàò ò€Appeal€from€the€Criminal€Court€for€Sullivan€CountyÐ ú J Ðà@@øøìàNos.€S42,000€&€S43,579€€€€€€Phyllis€H.€Miller,€JudgeÐ æ 6 ÐÌÌà@@ìì*ìàßA€V) °°` d€÷E<©` AßÐ ªú  ÐÌà@@TTìàNo.€E2001„00925„CCA„R3„CD€Ð ¥õ  ÐJuly€29,€Ô_Ô2002Ô_ÔÐ ‘á  ÐßA€V) °°` dE<|` AßÐ }Í  Ðó óÌÓ  ÓThe€defendant,€Bobby€Gene€Ô_ÔGoodsonÔ_Ô,€appeals€as€of€right€his€Sullivan€County€Criminal€CourtÐ xÈ  Ðconviction€in€case€number€S42,000€for€driving€on€a€suspended€license,€a€Class€B€misdemeanor,Ð d´ Ðclaiming€that€(1)€the€evidence€is€insufficient€to€support€his€conviction,€(2)€he€has€a€constitutionalÐ P  Ðright€to€travel,€and€(3)€the€trial€court€erred€in€denying€his€request€to€dismiss€his€trial€attorney€andÐ <Œ Ðreappoint€counsel.€€Ô#†¼Au»XX ¹¼#ÔÔ‡X ¹X»¼AuÔThe€defendant€also€appeals€his€remaining€two€convictions€in€S42,000€forÐ (x Ðviolation€of€the€registration€law€and€violation€of€the€seat€belt€law,€both€Class€C€misdemeanors,Ô#†¼Au»XX ¹,#ÔÔ‡X ¹X»¼AuÔ€andÐ d Ðhis€conviction€in€case€number€S43,579€for€driving€on€a€suspended€license.€€As€to€the€defendantððsÐ P Ðappeal€of€his€conviction€for€driving€on€a€suspended€license€in€case€number€S42,000,€we€affirm€theÐ ì< Ðjudgment€of€the€trial€court.€€With€regard€to€the€remaining€convictions,€the€defendantððs€appeal€isÐ Ø( Ðdismissed€because€the€judgments€of€conviction€are€not€in€the€record€on€appeal.€€Ô#†¼Au»XX ¹*#ÔÔ‡X ¹X»¼AuÔÐ Ä ÐÓôÓÌò òTenn.€R.€App.€P.€3€Appeal€as€of€Right;€Judgment€of€the€Criminal€Courtó ó€ò òAffirmed;Ð œì ÐAppeal€Dismissed€in€Partó óÐ ŒÜ ÐÌòòÓ  ÓÔ#†¼Au»àX ¹< #ÔÔ‡X ¹X.¼AuÔJoseph€M.€Ô_ÔTiptonÔ_Ô,€J.óó,€delivered€the€opinion€of€the€court,€in€which€òòThomas€T.€Ô_ÔWoodallÔ_Ôóó€andÐ d´ ÐòòRobert€W.€Ô_ÔWedemeyerÔ_Ô,€JJ.óó,€joined.Ð P   ÐÌStephen€M.€Wallace,€District€Public€Defender,€and€William€A.€Kennedy,€Assistant€Public€Defender,Ð ("x! Ðfor€the€appellant,€Bobby€Gene€Ô_ÔGoodsonÔ_Ô.Ð #d" ÐÌPaul€G.€Summers,€Attorney€General€and€Reporter;€Ô_ÔAngeleÔ_Ô€M.€Gregory,€Assistant€Attorney€General;€Ð ì$< $ ÐH.€Greeley€Wells,€Jr.,€District€Attorney€General;€and€Greg€Newman€and€Robert€MontgomeryÔ#†¼Au»XX ¹Q #ÔÔ‡X ¹X»¼AuÔ,Ð Ø%(!% ÐAssistant€District€Attorneys€General,€for€the€appellee,€State€of€Tennessee.Ð Ä&"& ÐÓ" ÓÌà@@OO&ìàò òOPINIONó óÔ#†¼Au»XX ¹b#ÔÔ‡X ¹X»¼AuÔÐ œ(ì#( ÐÌòòóóÔ#†¼Au»XX ¹J#ÔÓ  ÓÔ€X ¹X»¼AuÔà  àIn€case€number€S42,000,€the€defendant€was€originally€convicted€in€general€sessions€court€ofÐ t*Ä%* Ðdriving€on€a€suspended€license,€violating€the€registration€law,€and€violating€the€seat€belt€law.€€òòSeeóóÐ `+°&+ ÐTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðððð€55„50„504,€55„4„101,€55„9„603.€€The€defendant€appealed€his€convictions€to€theÐ L,œ', Ðcriminal€court.€€During€a€bench€trial,€Trooper€John€Taylor€of€the€Tennessee€Highway€Patrol€testifiedÐ 8-ˆ(-ýÿ Ðthat€on€October€19,€1998,€he€appeared€in€general€sessions€court€to€testify€against€the€defendant,€whoÐ ° Ðhad€been€charged€with€driving€on€a€suspended€license.€€He€said€the€defendantððs€case€was€dismissedÐ œì Ðbecause€Trooper€Taylor€failed€to€bring€a€copy€of€the€defendantððs€certified€driving€record€to€court.€Ð ˆØ ÐHe€said€that€he€left€the€courthouse€and€drove€away€in€his€patrol€car.€€He€said€that€while€his€patrol€carÐ tÄ Ðwas€stopped€at€an€intersection,€he€saw€the€defendant€driving€a€Ford€LTD.€€He€said€that€he€stoppedÐ `° Ðthe€defendant€and€that€the€defendant€gave€him€a€photocopy€of€a€driverððs€license.€€He€said€that€he€ranÐ L œ Ða€check€of€the€defendantððs€license€through€police€dispatch€and€that€dispatch€confirmed€theÐ 8 ˆ Ðdefendantððs€driverððs€license€had€been€suspended.€€He€said€the€defendant€told€him€that€the€defendantÐ $ t Ðdid€not€need€a€driverððs€license€because€he€was€traveling,€not€driving.€€He€said€that€in€addition€toÐ  ` Ðdriving€on€a€suspended€license,€the€defendant€was€not€wearing€a€seat€belt€and€the€defendantððs€licenseÐ ü L  Ðtag€had€expired.€€Trooper€Taylor€testified€that€the€defendant€said€he€did€not€have€to€wear€a€seat€beltÐ è 8  Ðor€register€his€car.€€€Ð Ô$  ÐÌà  àThe€state€introduced€into€evidence€a€certified€copy€of€the€defendantððs€Tennessee€drivingÐ ¬ü  Ðrecord.€€The€trial€court€noted€that€according€to€the€record,€the€defendantððs€driverððs€license€had€beenÐ ˜è  Ðsuspended€on€November€17,€1997,€for€his€failure€to€provide€proof€of€insurance€after€a€previousÐ „Ô  Ðconviction€for€driving€on€a€suspended€license.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann€ðð€50„12„115.€€The€trial€courtÐ pÀ Ðalso€noted€that€the€defendantððs€driving€record€indicated€that€notice€of€the€suspension€had€been€sentÐ \¬ Ðto€the€defendant€on€that€date.€€The€defendant€presented€no€proof€at€trial,€and€the€trial€courtÐ H˜ ÐÔ_ÔreconvictedÔ_Ô€him€of€all€three€offenses.€€Less€than€two€months€later,€a€Sullivan€County€Criminal€CourtÐ 4„ Ðjury€convicted€the€defendant€of€driving€on€a€suspended€license€in€case€number€S43,579.€€Ð  p ÐÌà  àAfter€a€sentencing€hearing,€the€trial€court€sentenced€the€defendant€in€case€number€S42,000Ð øH Ðto€six€months€for€driving€on€a€suspended€license€and€thirty€days€for€violating€the€registration€law€toÐ ä4 Ðbe€served€concurrently€on€supervised€probation.€€The€defendant€was€ordered€to€pay€court€costs€forÐ Ð  Ðviolating€the€seat€belt€law.€€In€case€number€S43,579,€the€defendant€also€received€a€six„monthÐ ¼  Ðsentence€to€be€served€on€supervised€probation.€€The€sentences€in€both€cases€are€to€run€consecutivelyÐ ¨ø Ðfor€an€effective€sentence€of€one€year€on€supervised€probation.Ð ”ä ÐÌà  àAs€noted€above,€the€defendant€is€appealing€all€four€of€his€convictions.€€However,€this€courtððsÐ l¼ Ðjurisdiction€extends€only€to€the€review€of€the€final€judgments€of€trial€courts.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ððÐ X ¨ Ð16-5-108(a);€òòState€v.€Ô_ÔMcCaryÔ_Ôóó,€815€S.W.2d€220,€221€(Tenn.€Ô_ÔCrimÔ_Ô.€App.€1991).€€Rule€3(b),€Ô_ÔT.R.A.P.Ô_Ô,Ð D!” Ðprovides:Ð 0"€  ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àIn€criminal€actions€an€appeal€as€of€right€by€a€defendant€lies€from€anyÐ $X" Ðòòjudgment€of€convictionóó€entered€by€a€trial€court€from€which€an€appealÐ ô$D # Ðlies€to€the€Supreme€Court€or€the€Court€of€Criminal€Appeals:€(1)€on€aÐ à%0!$ Ðplea€of€not€guilty€.€.€.€if€the€defendant€seeks€review€of€the€sentenceÐ Ì&"% Ðand€there€was€no€plea€agreement€concerning€the€sentence€.€.€.€.и'#&` x` x Ðà  àà ` àÌ(emphasis€added).€€The€record€on€appeal€contains€a€judgment€of€conviction€only€for€the€defendantððsÐ )à$( Ðdriving€on€a€suspended€license€in€case€number€S42,000.€€Therefore,€his€appeal€as€to€his€other€twoÐ |*Ì%) Ðconvictions€in€S42,000€and€his€one€conviction€in€S43,579€is€dismissed€because€we€lack€jurisdictionÐ h+¸&* Ðin€these€cases.€€We€will€address€the€issues€raised€on€appeal€only€for€his€remaining€conviction€ofÐ ° Ðdriving€on€a€suspended€license€in€case€number€S42,000.€€Ð œì ÐÌÓ  Óò òI.€€INSUFFICIENT€EVIDENCEó ó€Ð tÄ ÐÓ  ÓÌà  àThe€defendant€contends€that€the€evidence€is€insufficient€to€support€his€conviction€becauseÐ P   Ðthe€state€presented€no€proof€at€trial€that€he€had€received€notice€from€the€Department€of€Safety€thatÐ < Œ Ðhis€driverððs€license€had€been€suspended.€€He€contends€that€although€his€driving€record€ð ðpurports€toÐ ( x Ðshow€that€notice€was€sent€to€the€defendant,€.€.€.€it€does€not€indicate€receipt.ðð€€The€state€acknowledgesÐ  d Ðthat€it€offered€no€proof€that€the€Tennessee€Department€of€Safety€had€properly€notified€the€defendantÐ  P  Ðof€the€suspension.€€However,€it€contends€that€it€was€not€required€to€prove€notification€or€that€theÐ ì <  Ðdefendant€had€received€notification.€€In€addition,€the€state€argues€that€this€court€should€affirm€theÐ Ø(  Ðdefendantððs€conviction€because€from€the€evidence€presented€at€trial,€a€reasonable€trier€of€fact€couldÐ Ä  Ðinfer€the€defendant€knew€of€the€license€suspension.Ð °  ÐÌà  àOur€standard€of€review€when€the€sufficiency€of€the€evidence€is€questioned€on€appeal€isÐ ˆØ  Ðð ðwhether,€after€viewing€the€evidence€in€the€light€most€favorable€to€the€prosecution,€òòanyóó€rational€trierÐ tÄ Ðof€fact€could€have€found€the€essential€elements€of€the€crime€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt.ðð€€òòJacksonÐ `° Ðv.€Virginiaóó,€443€U.S.€307,€319,€99€S.€Ct.€2781,€2789€(1979).€€We€do€not€Ô_ÔreweighÔ_Ô€the€evidence€butÐ Lœ Ðpresume€that€the€jury€has€resolved€all€conflicts€in€the€testimony€and€drawn€all€reasonable€inferencesÐ 8ˆ Ðfrom€the€evidence€in€favor€of€the€state.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Sheffieldóó,€676€S.W.2d€542,€547€(Tenn.€1984);Ð $t ÐòòState€v.€Cabbageóó,€571€S.W.2d€832,€835€(Tenn.€1978).€€Questions€about€witness€credibility€wereÐ ` Ðresolved€by€the€jury.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Blandóó,€958€S.W.2d€651,€659€(Tenn.€1997).Ð üL ÐÌà  àA€defendant€is€guilty€of€driving€on€a€suspended,€revoked,€or€cancelled€license€if€he€drives€aÐ Ô$ Ðcar€on€any€public€highway€of€the€state€at€a€time€when€the€defendantððs€privilege€to€do€so€is€cancelled,Ð À Ðsuspended,€or€revoked.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€55-50-504.€€A€prerequisite€to€convicting€a€defendant€forÐ ¬ü Ðdriving€on€a€suspended€license€is€that€the€defendantððs€driverððs€license€was€legally€suspended€at€theÐ ˜è Ðtime€of€the€alleged€crime.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Ô_ÔLodenÔ_Ôóó,€920€S.W.2d€261€(Tenn.€Ô_ÔCrimÔ_Ô.€App.€1995);€òòsee€alsoóóÐ „Ô ÐTenn.€Code.€Ann.€ðð€55-50-504.€Ð pÀ ÐÌà  àIn€support€of€his€argument€that€the€state€was€required€to€prove€he€received€notice€of€hisÐ H!˜ Ðdriverððs€license€suspension,€the€defendant€cites€òòState€v.€Michael€Ray€Swanóó,€No.Ð 4"„  ÐM2000-00539-CCA-R3-CD,€Davidson€County€(Tenn.€Ô_ÔCrimÔ_Ô.€App.€Apr.€27,€2001).€€€In€that€case,€theÐ  #p! Ðdefendantððs€driverððs€license€was€suspended€for€his€failure€to€pay€a€traffic€citation€in€another€state.€Ð  $\" ÐSubsequently,€he€was€charged€with€and€convicted€of€driving€on€a€suspended€license.€€This€courtÐ ø$H # Ðstated€that€under€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€55„50„502(a)(9),€the€Department€of€Safety€had€the€authority€toÐ ä%4!$ Ðsuspend€the€defendantððs€driverððs€license€for€his€failure€to€pay€the€traffic€citation€if€the€departmentÐ Ð& "% Ðnotified€him€of€the€proposed€suspension.€€This€court€reversed€the€defendantððs€conviction€because€theÐ ¼' #& Ðstate€presented€no€evidence€at€trial€to€show€that€the€department€had€sent€notice€of€the€suspension€toÐ ¨(ø#' Ðthe€defendant€or€that€he€received€the€notice.€€òòMichael€Ray€Swanóó,€slip€op.€at€5.€€€Ð ”)ä$( Ðâ âÐ €*Ð%) Ðà  àWe€believe€that€the€defendantððs€reliance€on€òòMichael€Ray€Swanóó€is€misplaced.€€In€the€presentÐ ° Ðâ âcase,€the€defendantððs€certified€driving€record€shows€that€his€license€was€suspended€underòòóó€Tenn.€CodeÐ œì ÐAnn.€ðð€55„12„115€for€his€failure€to€file€proof€of€insurance€upon€conviction€of€driving€on€a€suspendedÐ ˆØ Ðlicense.€€Thus,€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€55„50„502€and€the€stateððs€burden€of€proof€established€by€thisÐ tÄ Ðcourtððs€analysis€in€òòMichael€Ray€Swanóó€are€inapplicable.€€In€addition,€on€the€day€of€the€offense€inÐ `° Ðquestion,€the€defendant€had€appeared€in€court€on€another€charge€of€driving€on€a€suspended€license.€Ð L œ ÐTherefore,€we€believe€the€proof€in€the€record€shows€that€the€defendant€knew€his€driverððs€license€hadÐ 8 ˆ Ðbeen€suspended€and€conclude€that€he€is€not€entitled€to€relief.Ð $ t ÐÌÓ  Óò òII.€€RIGHT€TO€TRAVELÐ ü L  ÐÌÓ  Óà  àó óNext,€the€defendant€contends€that€he€is€not€required€to€have€a€driverððs€license€because€he€hasÐ Ô$  Ða€constitutional€right€to€travel.€€The€state,€citing€òòState€v.€Ô_ÔBooherÔ_Ôóó,€978€S.W.2d€953€(Tenn.€Ô_ÔCrimÔ_Ô.€App.Ð À  Ð1997),€contends€that€this€court€has€already€resolved€this€issue€and€determined€that€a€state€may€requireÐ ¬ü  Ða€motorist€to€have€a€valid€driverððs€license.€€We€agree€with€the€state.Ð ˜è  ÐÌà  àIn€òòÔ_ÔBooherÔ_Ôóó,€this€court€stated,Ð pÀ ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àThe€ability€to€drive€a€motor€vehicle€on€a€public€highway€is€òònotóó€aÐ H˜ Ðfundamental€ð ðright.ðð€€Instead,€it€is€a€revocable€ð ðprivilegeðð€that€isÐ 4„ Ðgranted€upon€compliance€with€statutory€licensing€procedures.€€Ð p` x` x ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àState€and€local€governments€possess€an€inherent€power,€i.e.€policeÐ øH Ðpower,€to€enact€reasonable€legislation€for€the€health,€safety,€welfare,Ð ä4 Ðmorals,€or€convenience€of€the€public.€€Thus,€our€legislature,€throughÐ Ð  Ðits€police€power,€may€prescribe€conditions€under€which€theÐ ¼  Ðð ðprivilegeðð€of€operating€automobiles€on€public€highways€may€beÐ ¨ø Ðexercised.€€Ð”ä` x` x ÐÌÔ_ÔòòId.óóÔ_Ô€at€956€(citations€omitted).€€The€defendant€claims,€without€any€legal€argument,€that€ð ðthe€òòÔ_ÔBooherÔ_ÔóóÐ l¼ Ðruling€is€wrong€and€should€be€set€aside.ðð€€However,€we€see€no€reason€to€reject€the€rationale€inÐ X ¨ ÐòòÔ_ÔBooherÔ_Ôóó€and€refuse€to€grant€the€defendant€relief.Ð D!” ÐÌÓ  Óò òIII.€€REQUEST€TO€DISMISS€TRIAL€COUNSELÐ #l! ÐÌÓ  Óà  àó óFinally,€the€defendant€contends€that€the€trial€court€erred€by€refusing€to€dismiss€his€courtÐ ô$D # Ðappointed€attorney€and€reappoint€counsel.€€The€state€contends€that€the€trial€court€properly€denied€theÐ à%0!$ Ðdefendantððs€request€to€dismiss€his€attorney.€€We€agree€with€the€state.Ð Ì&"% ÐÌà  àBefore€trial,€the€defendant€refused€to€represent€himself€òòproóó€òòseóó€and€asked€the€trial€court€toÐ ¤(ô#' Ðappoint€counsel.€€The€trial€court€appointed€the€public€defender€to€represent€the€defendant.€€At€trial,Ð )à$( Ðthe€following€exchange€occurred€between€the€defendant€and€the€trial€court:Ð |*Ì%) ÐÐ h+¸&* Ðà8  àà8` Ð Ð àTHE€COURT:€All€right.€€All€right,€now€Mr.€Ô_ÔGoodsonÔ_Ô,€weððre€in€a€trialÐ ° Ðhere.€€You€keep€raising€your€hand.€€Okay.€€Do€you€have€someÐ œì Ðproblem?ЈØ` x` x ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð à[Defendant]:€Yes,€I€do.Ð`°` x` x ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àTHE€COURT:€Okay.Ð8 ˆ` x` x ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð à[Defendant]:€I€have€several€problems.Ð `` x` x ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àTHE€COURT:€Okay.Ðè 8 ` x` x ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð à[Defendant]:€One€of€them€is€with€Mr.€Kennedy,€here.€€He€donððt€useÐ À  Ðthe€Constitution€or€Bill€of€Rights€to€defend€me€with.€€Weððve€got€aÐ ¬ü  Ðconflict€of€interest€and€I€canððt€use€him.€€Heððs€a€card€carryingÐ ˜è  ÐCommunist€and€I€canððt€use€him€because€Iððm€not€subject€to€theseÐ „Ô  Ðcodes€and€[statutes].€.€.€.ÐpÀ` x` x ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð à.€.€.€.ÐH˜` x` x ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àTHE€COURT:€Okay.€€All€right.€€Well,€your€motion€to€dismiss€Mr.Ð  p ÐKennedy€is€denied.€€Youððve€not€presented€any€evidence€heððs€a€cardÐ  \ Ðcarrying€Communist€and€Iððm€not€sure€that€Ô_ÔthatÔ_Ô€would€disqualify€himÐ øH Ðif€he€were.€€He€is€a€licensed€attorney.€.€.€.ò òÐä4` x` x Ðó óà  àÌAfter€Trooper€Taylor€testified€on€direct€examination,€the€following€exchange€occurred:Ð ¼  ÐÌÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÔ_Ôà8  àà8` Ð Ð à[Defendant]:€Yeah,€can€I€ask€him€some€questions?Дä` x` x ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àTHE€COURT:€No,€you€can€not.€€You€have€an€attorney€who€isÐ l¼ Ðrepresenting€you.ÐX ¨` x` x ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð à[Defendant]:€No,€I€donððt€have€an€attorney.€€I€fired€him.€€I€canððt€use€aÐ 0"€  Ðcard€carrying€Communist€thatððs€got€a€bar€license.Ð#l!` x` x ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àTHE€COURT:€Well,€Iððm€sorry.€€Youððre€represented€by€the€onlyÐ ô$D # Ðattorney€Iððm€going€to€recognize€in€this€Court.Ðà%0!$` x` x ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð à.€.€.€.и'#&` x` x ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àTHE€COURT:€Okay.€€Now,€let€me€tell€you€something,€just€one€littleÐ )à$( Ðthing,€here.€€You€keep€this€up€and€we€will€try€this€case.€€You€will€beÐ |*Ì%) Ðremoved€from€the€courtroom€if€you€keep€disrupting€the€Court,€and€weÐ h+¸&* Ðwill€go€ahead€with€the€trial.€€Do€you€understand€this€is€a€Court€ofÐ ° ÐLaw?€€Itððs€not€a€circus.€€Itððs€not€a€tent€revival.€€Itððs€not€anything€elseÐ œì Ðbut€a€Court€of€Law.€€We€will€have€order.€€You€requested€an€appointedÐ ˆØ Ðattorney.€€You€got€one.€€He€has€to€be€a€licensed€attorney€and€so€thatððsÐ tÄ Ðthat.€€Now,€Mr.€Kennedy,€do€you€have€any€questions€for€the€officer?Ð`°` x` x ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àMR.€KENNEDY€[to€the€defendant]:€€Do€you€have€any€questions€youÐ 8 ˆ Ðwant€me€to€ask€him?Ð$ t` x` x ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àTHE€COURT:€Okay.€€If€he€wants€to€turn€his€back€on€you,€Mr.Ð ü L  ÐKennedy,€thatððs€fine€with€the€Court.€€Do€you€want€to€go€ahead€andÐ è 8  Ðask€this€officer€any€questions?ÐÔ$ ` x` x ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àMR.€KENNEDY:€Are€there€any€questions€that€you€want€to€know?€€IÐ ¬ü  Ðwould€ask€that€the€record€reflect€that€I€am€„„„„€that€he€will€notÐ ˜è  Ðcooperate€with€me.€€So,€okay.€€I€have€no€questions,€Your€Honor.Ð„Ô ` x` x Ðà8  àà8` Ð Ð àÐ ` x` x Ðà  àThe€trial€court€may,€upon€good€cause€shown,€permit€the€withdrawal€of€an€attorney€appointedÐ \¬ Ðto€represent€an€indigent€defendant.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40-14-205(a).€€A€defendant€seeking€toÐ H˜ Ðsubstitute€counselÐ 4„ ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àhas€the€burden€of€establishing€to€the€satisfaction€of€the€trial€judge€thatÐ  \ Ð(a)€the€representation€being€furnished€by€counsel€is€ineffective,Ð øH Ðinadequate,€and€falls€below€the€range€of€competency€expected€ofÐ ä4 Ðdefense€counsel€in€criminal€prosecutions,€(b)€the€accused€andÐ Ð  Ðappointed€counsel€have€become€embroiled€in€an€irreconcilableÐ ¼  Ðconflict,€or€(c)€there€has€been€a€complete€breakdown€inÐ ¨ø Ðcommunications€between€them.€€Ð”ä` x` x ÐÌòòState€v.€Gilmoreóó,€823€S.W.2d€566,€568„69€(Tenn.€Ô_ÔCrimÔ_Ô.€App.€1991)€(footnotes€omitted).€€However,Ð l¼ Ðthe€ð ðfact€that€the€defendant€chose€not€to€cooperate€with€competent€appointed€counsel€does€not€entitleÐ X ¨ Ðhim€to€the€appointment€of€other€counsel.ðð€€òòState€v.€Ô_ÔMcClennonÔ_Ôóó,€669€S.W.2d€705,€707€(Tenn.€Ô_ÔCrimÔ_Ô.Ð D!” ÐApp.€1984).€€€The€trial€court€has€wide€discretion€in€matters€regarding€the€appointment€and€relief€ofÐ 0"€  Ðcounsel,€and€its€decision€will€not€be€set€aside€on€appeal€unless€the€defendant€shows€an€abuse€ofÐ #l! Ðdiscretion.€€òòState€v.€Rubioóó,€746€S.W.2d€732,€737€(Tenn.€Ô_ÔCrimÔ_Ô.€App.€1987).€€The€issue€of€whether€aÐ $X" Ðdefendant€is€entitled€to€substitute€counsel€comes€within€this€discretion.€€òòGilmoreóó,€823€S.W.2d€at€569.Ð ô$D # ÐÌà  àò òó óBefore€trial,€the€defendant€asked€for€and€received€appointed€counsel.€€During€trial,€theÐ Ì&"% Ðdefendant€explained€that€he€could€not€use€his€appointed€attorney€because€his€attorney€was€a€ð ðcardÐ ¸'#& Ðcarrying€Communist.ðð€€We€believe€that€the€record€indicates€the€defendant€would€have€refused€toÐ ¤(ô#' Ðcooperate€with€any€appointed€attorney€licensed€to€practice€law€in€this€state.€€€We€conclude€that€theÐ )à$( Ðtrial€court€did€not€abuse€its€discretion€in€refusing€to€appoint€new€counsel€to€the€defendant.Ð |*Ì%) ÐÐ h+¸&* Ðà  àBased€on€the€foregoing€and€the€record€as€a€whole,€we€affirm€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court.ò òÐ ° Ðó óÌÌÌà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à________________________________€Ð `° Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àJOSEPH€M.€Ô_ÔTIPTONÔ_Ô,€JUDGE