ÿWPC’ ëh×øÒ»úOÓ§vkIé±ò<—Ç9ó×lU‘¤†EaרÑHŽ£ýA•’ºˆjr àÒÏYÁ”¹"(i~±Øç¾5¦HE¥ÈÓ€ÎÚÿX|g‰™–âe Ã§ˆ!`+xÃ(L¥.­)ǹÜ[p6þCÈÜ‚ÕÔkŽœvÄyî¦ÜÅ/¤ªsy+ÅX¿W¾‡^"×J¨¾ï=á±1†lK’ÖrS"âù¾òPX˜ ñXsÈgDêݤ8ãÂ9ûU9ªïØÊÔoq"~¾1ޛ¨„%Ь#S4ŸúX†¯ Šaø>(çù–ÌìfS¹;§ÝÊ}»K"kë‰%I§çñU˜íkKH35¹=™W×hÙ|÷‹Â×ql·Î†àßÄÄs!Ý9Æ ô¯µÎš0y˜Š&æW ×ü/iµò”\Ô%àÛð%¾XÕ›}ÁºþáZ×aõ"Cß); ˆ—‘~ÛÖ/s䛓v·üG~Ý[Aˆþ=Fý˜È&eåWFý¯@€#(3¥}%òÑ(êyêgäÞ<ÒOmêp^Ìü% ¥^MaùçÜ ø-BI«7¨~ú¥Ì#}ĉyóÚu<k}ºEa!U?Úb %\^ b 0ˆnUNöwD4H\ zkÒå· m¹ #ÁÐ U@‘ ÆÑ Æ— Æ] Æ# 0DéN--UN/E}}}b‡‡‡‡‡‡‡‡‡‡‡‡‡‡‡‡‡‡‡‡‡‡‡‡‡‡‡‡‡‡‡‡‡‡‡‡ 0ë Bzz 0¤— D3; D-n 0K›› ASæÆ9 0¤ÿ 0D£ A«ç»‡sE+ (`£ª$¡¡Ñ€.ÑÑ8€½­»»d»»d8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  Ó(í€"  Z6Times New Roman RegularÖJ~'@K§3|x ˜C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wptÿU‹ÿÀÀÀ˜HP LaserJet 4050 Series PCL 5eÈÈ,,,,ÈÈ0(ÖÃ9 Z‹(Times New Roman Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5‚Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5„Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5…Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(ÈhH  Z‹6Times New Roman Regular - ù-(|G2,Ö$¤¤Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€•»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  ÚóóÔ€ô±Mò»»Ô d(|3t$££Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€•»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝVVVV'ÿÿdxd)!ÈÈÈÈdxdx( ±þ$’’ò òFigure€Ú  Ú1Ú  Úó ó^_X`YEþÿ<<CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(|3t$¢¢Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€•»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó óX[Z&OLE 2.0 Box <=8ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿCÿÿ HKKKKÝ ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€•»»ddÈ8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÑ  ÑÔ€¼•»»»ÔÑ8€CiXXdì»»d8ÑÑ  Ñà@ttìàÔ‡î$•ÔIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEˆÐ ° Ðà@kk$ìàAT€NASHVILLEÔ#†¼•»îî$ #ԈРÖ& ÐÓ  ÓAssigned€on€Briefs€August€15,€2001Ð üL ÐÔ‡XCiX»¼•ÔÌò òÔ#†¼•»XXCi#ÔSTATE€OF€TENNESSEE€òòóóv.€TIMOTHY€D.€GROVEÔ‡XCiX»¼•Ôó óÐ úJ ÐÌò òDirect€ó óà@@½½ìàò òAppeal€from€the€Criminal€Court€for€Davidson€CountyÐ ú J Ðà@@øøìàNo.€99„C„1945à0 @ àà0 @ à€€€€€à0 @ àSteve€R.€Dozier,€JudgeÐ æ 6 ÐÒe°ÒÌÌà@@ìì*ìàßA€V) °°` d€÷E©` AßÐ ªú  ÐÌà@@TTìàNo.€M2000„02288„CCA„R3„CD€„€Filed€October€3,€Ô_Ô2001Ô_ÔÐ ¥õ  ÐÌßA€V) °°` dE|` AßÐ }Í  ÐÌó óÌÒeÒÓ  ÓThe€defendant,€€Timothy€D.€Grove,€appeals€his€conviction€for€aggravated€assault€and€ten„year€RangeÐ d´ ÐII€sentence€in€the€Department€of€Correction.€€Specifically,€the€defendant€contends€evidence€presentedÐ P  Ðagainst€him€at€trial€was€insufficient€to€support€his€conviction,€and€his€sentence€was€excessive.€€AfterÐ <Œ Ða€thorough€review€of€the€record,€we€affirm€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court.Ð (x ÐÓãÓÌò òTenn.€R.€App.€P.€3€Appeal€as€of€Right;€Judgment€of€the€Criminal€Court€Affirmedó óÐ P ÐÌÓ  ÓÔ#†¼•»XXCiz#ÔÔ‡XCiX»¼•ÔòòJoe€G.€Riley,óó€J.,€delivered€the€opinion€of€the€court,€in€which€òòDavid€H.€Wellesóó€and€òòJames€Ô_ÔCurwoodÔ_ÔÐ Ø( ÐÔ_ÔWittÔ_Ô,€Jr.óó,€JJ.òòóó,€joined.Ô#†¼•»XXCif#ÔÔ‡XCiX»¼•ÔÐ Ä ÐÌDwight€E.€Scott,€Nashville,€Tennessee,€for€the€appellant,€Timothy€D.€Grove.€€Ð œì ÐÌPaul€G.€Summers,€Attorney€General€and€Reporter;€€Ô_ÔAngeleÔ_Ô€€M.€Gregory,€Assistant€Attorney€General;Ð tÄ ÐVictor€S.€Johnson,€III,€District€Attorney€General;€Derrick€L.€Ô_ÔScretchenÔ_Ô€and€Michelle€H.€Thompson,Ð `° ÐAssistant€District€Attorneys€General,€for€the€appellee,€State€of€Tennessee.€€Ð L œ ÐÓ7ÓÌò òÌOPINIONó óÔ#†¼•»XXCiŒ#ÔÔ‡XCiX»¼•ÔÐ #`" ÐÓ  ÓÌà r àòòóóÔ#†¼•»XXCió #ÔÔ€XCiX»¼•ÔOn€May€16,€1999,€the€defendant's€mother€and€stepfather,€Susan€and€Michael€Ô_ÔNaegleyÔ_Ô,€and€theirÐ è$8 $ Ðfriend,€Crystal€Ô_ÔRoacheÔ_Ô,€were€ð ðhaving€a€little€partyðð€with,€and€at€the€residence€of,€the€65„year„oldÐ Ô%$!% Ðvictim,€Teddy€Farrell€Ô_ÔLayneÔ_Ô.€€Michael€Ô_ÔNaegleyÔ_Ô€left€and€later€the€20„year„old€defendant€went€to€Ô_ÔLayneÔ_Ô'sÐ À&"& Ðhouse€to€retrieve€his€mother,€who€was€nude€and€intoxicated.€€The€defendant€assaulted€Ô_ÔLayneÔ_Ô,€who€wasÐ ¬'ü"' Ðseriously€injured.€€The€defendant€was€indicted€and€tried€for€aggravated€assault€causing€serious€bodilyÐ ˜(è#( Ðinjury.€€Ð „)Ô$) ÐÌà r àAt€trial,€Ô_ÔLayneÔ_Ô€testified€that€after€Michael€Ô_ÔNaegleyÔ_Ô€left€the€party,€Ô_ÔNaegleyÔ_Ô€made€repeated€phoneÐ \+¬&+ Ðcalls€to€Susan€Ô_ÔNaegleyÔ_Ô,€who€had€remained€at€Ô_ÔLayneÔ_Ô's€house.€€Susan€Ô_ÔNaegleyÔ_Ô,€who€had€been€drinking,Ð H,˜', Ðbegan€to€dance€and€shed€her€clothes.€€Ô_ÔLayneÔ_Ô,€who€denied€being€naked€and€said€he€had€on€his€ð ðswimÐ 4-„(-ý ÐÔ_Ôshorts,ðð€was€not€surprised€at€Susan€Naegleyððs€actions€because€it€was€a€ð ðwell„known€fact€that€she€getsÐ ° Ðnaked€every€time€she€gets€drunk.€.€.€[and]€always€danced€when€she€got€naked.ðð€€Layne€was€ð ðas€sureÐ œì Ðas€[he]€can€beðð€that€Crystal€Roache€was€not€naked€but€had€on€a€ð ðlittle€bathing€suit.ðð€€Although€LayneÐ ˆØ Ðhad€a€pool,€there€is€no€indication€that€any€of€the€party€participants€actually€went€swimming.€€Ð tÄ ÐÌà r àAccording€to€Layne,€the€defendant€came€to€his€home€along€with€a€"fellow€named€Kevin"€andÐ L œ Ðanother€man€whom€Layne€did€not€know.€€Layne€testified€the€three€men€were€on€his€porch€when€KevinÐ 8 ˆ Ðtore€the€screen€on€the€door,€opened€it,€and€entered€the€house.€€Layne€then€went€into€a€bedroom€to€getÐ $ t Ða€gun.€€Ð  ` Ðà r àà Ê àà " àà z àà Ò àà * àà ‚ àà Ú àà 2 àà Š àà â àà : àÌà r àLayne€said€that€while€he€was€trying€to€load€his€weapon,€the€defendant€entered€the€bedroom.€€Ð è 8  ÐLayne€tried€to€hit€the€defendant€with€the€gun,€although€he€was€unsure€as€to€whether€he€actually€struckÐ Ô$  Ðthe€defendant.€€Layne€stated€the€defendant€and€his€companions€then€beat€him€and,€as€a€result,€LayneÐ À  Ðlost€consciousness.€€When€Layne€awoke€in€the€hospital,€he€was€in€terrible€pain.€€His€injuries€requiredÐ ¬ü  Ðtwo€surgeries.€€Bones€in€his€face€were€fractured€during€the€assault,€and€he€lost€several€teeth.€€Ð ˜è  ÐÌà r àElizabeth€Scudder,€Layne's€daughter,€testified€she€visited€€her€father€in€intensive€care€after€theÐ pÀ Ðassault.€€She€described€him€as€ð ða€big€bloody€pulp€from€the€neck€up.ðð€€After€she€left€the€hospital,€sheÐ \¬ Ðwent€to€Layne's€home€to€take€photographs.€€She€noticed€a€large€hole€in€his€screen€door.€€As€she€enteredÐ H˜ Ðthe€home,€she€found€blood€on€the€carpet,€furniture,€and€walls.€€She€noticed€holes€in€a€bedroom€door,Ð 4„ Ðas€if€someone€had€tried€to€kick€down€the€door.€€Blood€was€on€the€floor€in€the€bedroom.€€No€blood€wasÐ  p Ðon€the€porch.€€Scudder€identified€photographs€showing€blood€on€a€chair,€the€floor,€and€the€wall.€€Ð  \ ÐÌà r àDr.€Jennifer€Gordon„Maloney,€an€oral€and€maxillofacial€surgery€resident€at€Meharry€MedicalÐ ä4 ÐCollege,€testified€she€treated€Layne€during€his€hospital€stay.€€She€stated€his€injuries€included€multipleÐ Ð  Ðfacial€lacerations,€swollen€and€bruised€eyes,€and€multiple€facial€fractures.€€She€said€the€defendant€hadÐ ¼  Ðendured€a€severe€trauma€to€his€head€and€neck€and€opined€that€his€injuries€could€have€been€life„Ð ¨ø Ðthreatening€without€medical€treatment.€€Ð ”ä ÐÌà r àAmanda€Kelton,€the€mother€of€the€defendantððs€child,€and€her€friend,€€Holly€Spain,€testified€forÐ l¼ Ðthe€defense.€€Both€of€them€stated€that€they€went€to€Layneððs€home€with€the€defendant€and€Will€Harness.€Ð X ¨ ÐThey€denied€that€Kevin,€an€apparent€friend€of€the€defendantððs,€was€with€them.€€They€testified€theÐ D!” Ðdefendant€knocked€on€the€door,€and€his€mother€let€him€in€the€house€while€they€remained€on€the€porchÐ 0"€  Ðwith€Harness.€€Ð #l! ÐÌà r à€According€to€Spain,€the€defendant€was€talking€at€the€door€with€his€mother€when€Layne,€nakedÐ ô$D # Ðand€highly€intoxicated,€cursed€at€the€defendant€and€told€him€to€leave.€€Spain€testified€the€defendantÐ à%0!$ Ðreplied€that€he€would€leave€as€soon€as€his€mother€left€with€him.€€Spain€and€Kelton€both€testified€thatÐ Ì&"% ÐSusan€Naegley€told€her€son€she€did€not€want€to€leave.€€Then,€Layne€brought€out€a€gun.€€Spain€said€allÐ ¸'#& Ðof€them€ran€back€to€the€car,€and€Layne€stood€on€the€porch€where€he€pointed€a€gun€at€them.€€She€furtherÐ ¤(ô#' Ðtestified€that€the€defendant€got€out€of€the€car€and€hit€Layne,€who€fell€down€in€the€doorway.€€She€alsoÐ )à$( Ðstated€that€other€people€were€telling€the€defendant€to€get€off€of€Layne.€€Ð |*Ì%) ÐÐ h+¸&* Ðà r àKelton€testified€that€when€Layne€brought€out€the€weapon,€the€defendant€remained€behind€whileÐ ° Ðthe€rest€of€them€fled.€€Kelton€said€Susan€Naegley€told€the€defendant€to€leave.€€According€to€Kelton,Ð œì Ðthe€defendant€pushed€Layne,€knocking€the€gun€from€his€hands.€€Kelton€stated€the€defendant€would€notÐ ˆØ Ðlet€Layne€get€back€up,€but€the€fight€lasted€only€two€to€three€minutes.€€Ð tÄ ÐÌà r àBased€on€this€evidence,€the€jury€convicted€the€defendant€of€aggravated€assault.€€Ð L œ ÐÌÌà@? ? ¡àò òSUFFICIENCY€OF€THE€EVIDENCEó óˆÐ  ` Ðà r àÌà r àÔ‡ XCiXXXCiÔIn€determining€the€sufficiency€of€the€evidence,€this€court€does€not€reweigh€or€reevaluate€theÐ è 8  Ðevidence.€€òòState€v.€Cabbageóó,€571€S.W.2d€832,€835€(Tenn.€1978).€€A€jury€verdict€approved€by€the€trialÐ Ô$  Ðjudge€accredits€the€state's€witnesses€and€resolves€all€conflicts€in€favor€of€the€state.€€òòState€v.€Bigbeeóó,€885Ð À  ÐS.W.2d€797,€803€(Tenn.€1994).€€On€appeal,€the€state€is€entitled€to€the€strongest€legitimate€view€of€theÐ ¬ü  Ðevidence€and€all€legitimate€or€reasonable€inferences€which€may€be€drawn€therefrom.€€òòId.óó€This€courtÐ ˜è  Ðwill€not€disturb€a€verdict€of€guilt€due€to€the€sufficiency€of€the€evidence€unless€the€defendantÐ „Ô  Ðdemonstrates€that€the€facts€contained€in€the€record€and€the€inferences€which€may€be€drawn€therefromÐ pÀ Ðare€insufficient,€as€a€matter€of€law,€for€a€rational€trier€of€fact€to€find€the€accused€guilty€beyond€aÐ \¬ Ðreasonable€doubt.€€òòState€v.€Breweróó,€932€S.W.2d€1,€19€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1996).€€Accordingly,€it€is€theÐ H˜ Ðappellate€court's€duty€to€affirm€the€conviction€if€the€evidence,€viewed€under€these€standards,€wasÐ 4„ Ðsufficient€for€any€rational€trier€of€fact€to€have€found€the€essential€elements€of€the€offense€beyond€aÐ  p Ðreasonable€doubt.€Tenn.€R.€App.€P.€13(e);€€òòJackson€v.€Virginiaóó,€443€U.S.€307,€319,€99€S.€Ct.€2781,Ð  \ Ð2789,€61€L.€Ed.€2d€560€(1979);€€òòState€v.€Cazesóó,€875€S.W.2d€253,€259€(Tenn.€1994).€€Ð øH ÐÌà r àA€person€commits€aggravated€assault€if€he€Ô#†XCiXX XCi·$#ÔÔ‡XCiXXXCiÔintentionally€or€knowingly€commits€an€assault€asÐ Ð  Ðdefined€in€ðð€39-13-101€and€causes€serious€bodily€injury€to€another.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„13„Ð ¼  Ð102(1)(A).€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„13„101(a)(1)€defines€assault,€in€part,€as€€intentionally,€knowinglyÐ ¨ø Ðor€€recklessly€causing€bodily€injury.€€€Ð ”ä ÐÓ  ÓÔ#†XCiXXXCif+#ÔÌÓ  Óà r àThe€defendant€contends€the€stateððs€proof€was€insufficient€to€establish€he€acted€intentionally€orÐ l¼ Ðknowingly.€€He€argues€that,€instead,€the€evidence€established€he€acted€as€the€result€of€impulse€andÐ X ¨ Ðsudden€heat€of€passion€produced€by€adequate€provocation.€€He,€therefore,€contends€he€did€not€actÐ D!” Ðintentionally€or€knowingly.€€We€disagree.€€By€analogy,€voluntary€manslaughter€is€the€ð ðintentional€orÐ 0"€  Ðknowing€killing€of€another€in€a€state€of€passion€produced€by€adequate€provocation.ðð€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.Ð #l! Ððð€39„13„211(a).€€Thus,€our€code€contemplates€that€one€can€still€act€intentionally€or€knowingly€evenÐ $X" Ðthough€provoked€and€in€a€state€of€passion.€€Ð ô$D # ÐÌà r àThe€proof€presented€by€the€state€established€that€the€defendant€forced€his€way€into€the€victimððsÐ Ì&"% Ðresidence€and€severely€beat€the€victim.€€Even€the€testimony€of€the€defendantððs€witnesses€indicated€heÐ ¸'#& Ðintended€to€strike€the€victim,€and€people€were€trying€to€get€defendant€off€of€the€victim.€€Further,€theÐ ¤(ô#' Ðstateððs€proof€established€that€the€victim€suffered€serious€physical€injuries€which€could€have€been€lifeÐ )à$( Ðthreatening€absent€medical€intervention.€€We€find€that€the€proof€was€sufficient€for€a€rational€trier€ofÐ |*Ì%) Ðfact€to€find€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt€the€defendant€committed€aggravated€assault.€Ð h+¸&* ЇÌà@  $¡àò òSENTENCINGó óˆÐ œì ÐÌà r àThe€defendant€next€contends€his€10„year€sentence€is€excessive€because€the€trial€courtÐ tÄ Ðimproperly€applied€an€enhancement€factor€and€failed€to€apply€mitigating€factors.€€We€respectfullyÐ `° Ðdisagree.€€Ð L œ ÐÌà r àÔ‡ XCiXXXCiÔThis€courtððs€review€of€the€sentence€imposed€by€the€trial€court€is€òòde€novoóó€with€a€presumptionÐ $ t Ðof€correctness.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„401(d).€€This€presumption€is€conditioned€upon€an€affirmativeÐ  ` Ðshowing€in€the€record€that€the€trial€judge€considered€the€sentencing€principles€and€all€relevant€facts€andÐ ü L  Ðcircumstances.€€òòState€v.€Ashbyóó,€823€S.W.2d€166,€169€(Tenn.€1991).€€If€the€trial€court€fails€to€complyÐ è 8  Ðwith€the€statutory€directives,€there€is€no€presumption€of€correctness€and€our€review€is€òòde€novoóó.€€òòStateÐ Ô$  Ðv.€Pooleóó,€945€S.W.2d€93,€96€(Tenn.€1997).Ð À  ÐÌà r àIf€no€mitigating€or€enhancement€factors€for€sentencing€are€present,€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„Ð ˜è  Ð210(c)€provides€that€the€presumptive€sentence€for€a€Class€C€felony€shall€be€the€minimum€sentenceÐ „Ô  Ðwithin€the€applicable€range.€€òòóóòòState€v.€Lavenderóó,€967€S.W.2d€803,€806€(Tenn.€1998);€òòState€v.€Fletcheróó,Ð pÀ Ð805€S.W.2d€785,€788€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1991).€€However,€if€such€factors€do€exist,€a€trial€court€shouldÐ \¬ Ðstart€at€the€minimum€sentence,€enhance€the€minimum€sentence€within€the€range€for€enhancementÐ H˜ Ðfactors€and€then€reduce€the€sentence€within€the€range€for€the€mitigating€factors.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ððÐ 4„ Ð40„35„210(e).€€No€particular€weight€for€each€factor€is€prescribed€by€the€statute,€as€the€weight€given€toÐ  p Ðeach€factor€is€left€to€the€discretion€of€the€trial€court€as€long€as€the€trial€court€complies€with€the€purposesÐ  \ Ðand€principles€of€the€sentencing€act€and€its€findings€are€supported€by€the€record.€€òòState€v.€Mossóó,€727Ð øH ÐS.W.2d€229,€238€(Tenn.€1986);€òòState€v.€Kelleyóó,€34€S.W.3d€471,€479€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€2000);€òòseeóóÐ ä4 ÐTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„210€Sentencing€Commission€Comments.€€Nevertheless,€should€there€be€noÐ Ð  Ðmitigating€factors,€but€enhancement€factors€are€present,€a€trial€court€may€set€the€sentence€above€theÐ ¼  Ðminimum€within€the€range.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„210(d);€òòóóòòLavenderóó,€967€S.W.2d€at€806;€òòManningÐ ¨ø Ðv.€Stateóó,€883€S.W.2d€635,€638€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1994).€€Ô#†XCiXX XCi‘4#ÔÐ ”ä ÐÌà r àThe€defendant€does€not€dispute€that€he€was€properly€classified€as€a€Range€II€multiple€offender.€Ð l¼ ÐòòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„106(a).€€Therefore,€the€range€of€punishment€for€the€Class€C€felony€ofÐ X ¨ Ðaggravated€assault€is€not€less€than€six€years€nor€more€than€ten€years.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„Ð D!” Ð112(b)(3).€€Defendant€received€the€maximum€sentence.€€Ð 0"€  ÐÌà r àThe€trial€court€found€four€enhancement€factors€to€apply;€namely,€factors€(1)€(€a€previous€historyÐ $X" Ðof€criminal€convictions€or€criminal€behavior€in€addition€to€those€necessary€to€establish€the€appropriateÐ ô$D # Ðrange);€(6)€(the€personal€injuries€to€the€victim€were€particularly€great);€(8)€(a€previous€history€ofÐ à%0!$ Ðunwillingness€to€comply€with€the€conditions€of€a€sentence€involving€release);€and€€(13)€(this€felonyÐ Ì&"% Ðwas€committed€while€defendant€was€on€felony€probation).€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„114(1),€(6),€(8),Ð ¸'#& Ð(13).€€The€record€reveals€that€defendant€had€six€prior€felony€convictions€and€three€prior€misdemeanorÐ ¤(ô#' Ðconvictions.€€He€had€previously€committed€criminal€offenses€while€on€probation€and,€at€the€time€ofÐ )à$( Ðthe€present€offense,€was€on€probation€for€prior€felony€offenses.€€The€trial€court€found€no€mitigatingÐ |*Ì%) Ðfactors€were€applicable.€€The€trial€court,€giving€great€weight€to€the€fact€that€the€defendant€was€onÐ h+¸&* Ðseparate€probations€at€the€time€the€offense€was€committed,€sentenced€the€defendant€to€ten€years€in€theÐ ° ÐDepartment€of€Correction.€€Ð œì ÐÌà r àThe€defendant€contends,€and€the€state€concedes,€that€the€trial€court€erred€in€applyingÐ tÄ Ðenhancement€factor€(6)€(the€personal€injuries€inflicted€upon€the€victim€were€particularly€great)€sinceÐ `° Ðthe€extent€of€the€victimððs€personal€injuries€is€an€element€of€the€offense€of€aggravated€assault.€€€SinceÐ L œ Ðfactor€(6)€is€an€essential€element€of€aggravated€assault€for€which€the€defendant€was€convicted,€it€cannotÐ 8 ˆ Ðbe€used€to€enhance€the€sentence.€€òòState€v.€Jonesóó,€883€S.W.2d€597,€602€(Tenn.€1994).€€The€defendantÐ $ t Ðdoes€not€contest€the€application€of€the€remaining€enhancement€factors€applied€by€the€trial€court.Ð  ` ÐÌà r àThe€defendant€also€argues€the€trial€court€should€have€applied€mitigating€factors€(2)€(theÐ è 8  Ðdefendant€acted€under€strong€provocation);€(3)€(substantial€grounds€exist€tending€to€excuse€or€justifyÐ Ô$  Ðthe€defendantððs€criminal€conduct,€though€failing€to€establish€a€defense);€(6)€(the€defendant,€becauseÐ À  Ðof€his€youth,€lacked€substantial€judgment€in€committing€the€offense);€and€(11)€(the€defendant,€althoughÐ ¬ü  Ðguilty€of€the€crime,€committed€the€offense€under€such€unusual€circumstances€that€it€is€unlikely€that€aÐ ˜è  Ðsustained€intent€to€violate€the€law€motivated€his€conduct).€€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„113(2),€(3),€(6),Ð „Ô  Ð(11).€€Ð pÀ ÐÌà r àThree€of€these€proffered€mitigating€factors€relate€to€the€bizarre€activities€involving€theÐ H˜ Ðdefendantððs€mother€on€the€evening€of€the€offense.€€Defendant€has€convinced€us€that€discovering€oneððsÐ 4„ Ðmother€nude,€dancing,€and€in€the€presence€of€a€65„year„old€man,€not€her€husband,€who€was€either€nudeÐ  p Ðor€wearing€only€ð ðswim€shorts,ðð€was€indeed€an€ð ðunusual€set€of€circumstances.ðð€€However,€we€areÐ  \ Ðreluctant€to€disturb€the€trial€courtððs€finding€that€the€defendant€was€not€provoked€into€assaulting€theÐ øH Ðvictim.€€We€also€concur€that€neither€mitigating€factor€(3)€nor€factor€(11)€was€applicable.€€We€alsoÐ ä4 Ðconclude€the€trial€court€correctly€refused€to€apply€mitigating€factor€(6)€relating€to€defendantððs€youth.€Ð Ð  ÐAt€the€time€of€this€offense€the€defendant€was€20€years€old,€but€he€had€six€prior€felony€convictions.€€òòSeeóóÐ ¼  ÐòòState€v.€Adamsóó,€864€S.W.2d€31,€33€(Tenn.€1993)€(noting€this€mitigating€factor€is€not€determinedÐ ¨ø Ðsimply€by€chronological€age);€òòState€v.€Elderóó,€982€S.W.2d€871,€879€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1998).€€Ð ”ä ÐÌà r àWhile€the€trial€court€erred€in€applying€enhancement€factor€(6),€it€is€clear€that€it€did€not€giveÐ l¼ Ðgreat€weight€to€that€factor.€€Instead,€it€gave€great€weight€to€the€three€enhancement€factors€that€areÐ X ¨ Ðapplicable.€€Ô‡ XCiXXXCiÔThe€sentence€of€ten€years€imposed€upon€the€defendant€is€adequately€supported€by€theÐ D!” Ðrecord€and€in€conformity€with€the€purposes€and€principles€of€the€sentencing€act.€€Therefore,€we€declineÐ 0"€  Ðto€disturb€the€sentence€imposed€by€the€trial€court.Ô#†XCiXX XCiÍP#ÔÐ #l! ÐÌà r àÌà r àà Ê àà " àà z àà Ò àò òÔ‡ XCiXXXCiÔCONCLUSIONÐ à%0!$ ÐÌà r àó óAfter€a€thorough€examination€of€the€record,€we€affirm€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court.Ô#†XCiXX XCiˆR#ÔÐ ¸'#& ÐÌà r àà Ê àà " àà z àà Ò àà * àà ‚ à___________________________________€Ð )à$( Ðà r àà Ê àà " àà z àà Ò àà * àà ‚ àJOE€G.€RILEY,€JUDGE