ÿWPCS! ë¨îcÈé0÷×gÒqÕ¨qt¹èr©òþÛrƒqeÄm:ól ã8¡+˜g–Šü¾ ÇųæýðŒ®gŠ5©&á@ÁJ$,Ê  >¥ROïM\‚rô…R®Ãñ愯ñ–ó2vvè1NAuqvm–†oÉ™¡–¾!ú£PêŸ03kÛ/lêÑC´Y o/Æâ¶Ì׺éN¯´g©®Û°7Kæ}U}9H¹Æü¶‚Ö¬#1¾Ç1HSˆ<ä¦È·zÍï½mŪ·%š”‚lMaÚÜs±ÍbÃ6ZICÿ¬±y8”m>ö©K¢ÕäÌbÞ'ÏÝ^Õ_‹·w]Ú%µR`5†½2Î i:Ú>ÝGõ÷­ãÄBKŒ¸ÜÚÌ -EVA&T å áDöÅê‡ÈÐt*L ½‰—×› òŸÖFQûÃVYvÞJ·œ×xÀV¿ *êIñ“Œä™Í‚Od_ŒBåÉH"¬„‹ULaÊÞþµÏØ‹žvŸì:½uu[5þ#,鎨Ê›™YŸF)¶úv+È$íX®z|IÉÞ®ŽM.0Ô;y½’çÅ/§ìÖbNÕdÏnoƒvNá>†{Þ… Œ¨2oÄU³®-§ïcÜVò!sôAÅ…# F UNQ %Ÿ 0(¥ LÍ U: îS w@A4•U:¤ 0lÞ 0DJU:ŽuÈU:=ïwU:fè U:ˆBÂB+FU:q4«U:ßßßßß Bn­6ãããLëëëëëë D3777 0Djjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjj AO®Æýý 0Dà D/! B6!˜HP LaserJet 4SiHPPCL5MS,ü,,,,,ü0nLlÎ(ÈhH  Z 6Times New Roman RegularX($¡¡C:\OFFICE\WPWIN\TEMPLATE\STANDARD.WPT,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular äÒ°ÒÔ€X‚\XXXÔÝ ƒ üÝÿÝà ` àòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ýà ¸ àThe€statute€provides€that€for€a€person€convicted€of€certainÐ ° Ðdesignated€offenses,€including€second€degree€murder,€committed€after€July€1,Ï1995,€ð ð[s]uch€person€shall€serve€one€hundred€percent€(100%)€of€the€sentenceÏimposed€by€the€court€less€sentence€credits€earned€and€retained.€€However,€noÏsentence€reduction€credits€authorized€by€ðð€41„21„236,€or€any€other€provision€ofÏlaw,€shall€operate€to€reduce€the€sentence€imposed€by€the€court€by€more€thanÏfifteen€percent€(15%).ðð€€Ô‡ X‚\XXX‚\ÔTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€Ô#†X‚\XX X‚\p#Ô40„35„501€(I)(1),€(2)€(1997). UD !E"#$D%Ó€uM%3|x., øð AZ"Arial Regular((3üÝ$¤¤Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó, øð AZ"Arial Regular kÒ°ÒÔ€Xâ.XXXÔÝ ƒ üÝÿÝà ` àòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ýà ¸ àDetective€Jessie€Richardson€testified€that,€in€his€opinion,€Nolan€andÐ ° ÐBuckliew€were€highly€intoxicated€when€he€arrived.€€According€to€the€medicalÏexaminerððs€report,€Ryanððs€blood€alcohol€level€was€.21€when€he€died., øð AZ"Arial Regular åÒ°ÒÔ€Xâ.XXXÔÝ ƒ üÝÿÝà ` àòòÚ  Ú3Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ýà ¸ àCindy€Nolan€testified€during€direct€examination€that€the€defendantÐ ° Ðleft€her€home€about€30€minutes€after€the€victim€had€departed.€€When€confrontedÏwith€her€testimony€at€the€preliminary€hearing€in€which€she€had€said€that€theÏdefendant€had€departed€after€five€minutes,€she€conceded€that€the€five€minutesÏwas€probably€the€more€accurate€estimate., øð AZ"Arial Regular ÞÔ€X^°XXXÔÔ€ C XX^°ÔÓ  Óò òÔ Ad ÔFILEDÔ€X^°X  CÔÐ  ÐÌNovember€4,€1998ÌÌCecil€W.€CrowsonÌAppellate€Court€ClerkÔdAMÔó ó,c½¬AZ‹"Arial RegularC:\WPWIN60\TEMPLATE\STANDARD.WPTC:\WPWIN60\TEMPLATE\STANDARD.WPT !Ò°ÒÔ€X2EXXXÔÝ ƒ üÝÿÝà ` àòòÚ  Ú4Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ýà ¸ àThe€defendant€does€not€argue€that€due€to€his€high€degree€ofÐ ° Ðintoxication,€he€was€unable€to€formulate€the€intent€to€kill€another€ð ðknowingly.ðð€€WeÏnote€that€although€the€defendantððs€blood€alcohol€level€two€hours€after€theÏshooting€was€.28€grams€per€cent,€both€state€and€defense€expert€witnessesÏagreed€that€experienced€drinkers€are€able€to€function€even€when€their€bloodÐ pÀ  Ðalcohol€level€is€extremely€high.€€The€jury€had€these€facts€before€them€on€which€toÏbase€their€conclusions,€and€they€concluded€that€the€defendant€was€capable€ofÏcommitting€a€knowing€killing.€€Whether€a€defendant€is€too€intoxicated€to€form€theÏrequisite€mental€state€is€a€question€for€the€jury€to€determine€as€the€sole€trier€ofÏfact.€€òòState€v.€Howardóó,€926€Ô‡ X2EXXX2EÔS.W.2dÔ#†X2EXX X2EŠ#Ô€579,€584€Ô‡ X2EXXX2EÔ(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€19Ô#†X2EXX X2EÜ#Ô96);€òòState€v.Ð pÀ ÐBrooksóó,€909€Ô‡ X2EXXX2EÔS.W.2dÔ#†X2EXX X2Ef#Ô€854,€859€Ô‡ X2EXXX2EÔ(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€19Ô#†X2EXX X2E¸#Ô95).€€This€court€does€notÐ ` ° Ðevaluate€or€reweigh€the€evidence.€€òòState€v.€Cabbageóó,€571€S.W.2d€832,€835Ð P   Ð(Tenn.€1978).€€€We€must€affirm€a€conviction€if€there€is€evidence€in€the€record€fromÏwhich€a€rational€juror€could€have€found€the€essential€elements€of€the€crimeÏbeyond€a€reasonable€doubt.€€òòJackson€v.€Virginiaóó,€443€U.S.€307,€317,€99€S.€Ct.Ð  p  Ð2781,€2789€(1979);€òòState€v.€Cazesóó,€875€S.W.2d€253,€259€(Tenn.€1994);€Tenn.€R.Ð `  ÐApp.€P.€13(e).€€ÌÌ, øð AZ"Arial Regular *Ò°ÒÔ€X‚uXXXÔÝ ƒ üÝÿÝà ` àòòÚ  Ú5Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ýà ¸ àThe€defendant€does€not€contend€that€his€later€confession€wasÐ ° Ðtainted€by€his€earlier€involuntary€statements.€€We,€therefore,€have€not€addressedÏthis€issue., øð AZ"Arial Regular d«<þ6X9`("Courier NewTTXXxþ6X@ÉQX@C:\OFFICE\WPWIN\TEMPLATE\STANDARD.WPT'ÿÿdxd(3¯$££Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý€-‚ƒCþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó„„'÷ÿ dxdüÿP PdÝ ƒ!ÝÝ  Ýñ%ñ›ñ%ñÒ°Òò òÑTR[  AØ'ÿ Legal3Ø' AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÔ€ X‚\XXXÔÑ7€LãXdðXXdð7ÑÑ  ÑÑ  Ññ%ñßr€*<,(j 8` `€€@Eȱ` 8ttxP°ð  rß›ñ%ñà@ àIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEˆÐ ° ÐÌ€à@@@'àAT€NASHVILLEˆÐ à Ðó óÌò òà@$àJUNE,€1998€SESSIONó óˆÐ pÀ ÐÌÌÌò òÌÌSTATE€OF€TENNESSEE,à h àà À àó ó)à  àNo.€01C01„9711„CC„00540Ð `  Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à)à  àÐ P  Ðà ` àAppelleeà  àà h àà À à)à  àÐ ð@  Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à)à  àRobertson€CountyÐ à0  Ðvs.à ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à)à  àà p àÐ Ð  Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à)à  àHonorable€John€H.€Gasaway,€III,€JudgeÐ À Ðò òTERRENCE€LEE€HANNAHó ó,à À à)Ð ° Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à)à  à(Second€Degree€Murder)Ð  ð Ðà ` àAppellant.à  àà h àà À à)à  àÐ à Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àÌÌFOR€THE€APPELLANT:à h àà À àà  àFOR€THE€APPELLEE:Ð P  ÐÌMICHAEL€R.€JONESà h àà À àà  àJOHN€KNOX€WALKUPÐ 0€ Ð14th€District€Public€Defenderà À àà  àAttorney€General€&€ReporterÐ  p Ð110€Sixth€Ave.€WestÌSpringfield,€TN€37172à h àà À àà  àELIZABETH€B.€MARNEYÐ P Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àAssistant€Attorney€Generalà Ð àÐ ð@ Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àCriminal€Justice€DivisionÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à425€Fifth€Ave.€NorthÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à2d€Floor,€Cordell€Hull€Bldg.Ìà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àNashville,€TN€37243„0493à x àÐ °"  ÐÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àJOHN€WESLEY€CARNEY,€JR.Ìà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àDistrict€Attorney€GeneralÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à204€Franklin€St.€Suite€200Ìà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àClarksville,€TN€37040„3420Ìà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àDENT€MORRISSÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àAssistant€District€Attorney€GeneralÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à500€So.€Main€St.Ìà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àSpringfield,€TN€37172ÌÌÌÌOPINION€FILED:€____________________ÌÌÌò òAFFIRMEDó ó€Ð  2ð-1 ÐÌCURWOOD€WITT€ÌJUDGEÌÌÌÐ  @837 Ðà@qq*àò òOPINIONÓÓÓlX°X°` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ (#€%Ø'0*ˆ,à.813è5@8˜:ð<H? A°œXlÓó óˆÐ ° ÐÔ‡X^°XX X‚\ÔÌÓ  Óà ¸ àThe€defendant,€Terrence€Lee€Hannah,€was€convicted€in€a€jury€trial€inÏthe€Robertson€County€Circuit€Court€of€second€degree€murder,€a€Class€A€felony.€ÏThe€jury€acquitted€him€of€first€degree€premeditated€murder.€€€As€a€Range€I,€standardÏoffender,€he€received€a€twenty-year€sentence.€€Ô#† X‚\XXX^°l#ÔÔ‡X^°XX X‚\ÔThe€defendant€must€serve€no€lessÐ À   Ðthan€85%€of€his€sentence.׃×Ý ƒ #ÃÝòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€In€this€direct€appeal,€€the€defendant€challenges€theÐ ŒÜ  Ðsufficiency€of€the€evidence,€the€admissibility€of€his€confession,€and€the€trial€courtððsÏsentencing€determination.€€Having€reviewed€the€record,€the€briefs€of€the€parties,€andÏthe€applicable€law,€we€affirm€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court.ÌÌà@¢¢)àò òI.€€Factsó óˆÐ ˆØ Ðà ¸ àOn€the€evening€of€February€5,€1996,€Robertson€County€Deputy€SteveÏColbert€answered€a€call€at€a€large€trailer€park€in€Cookððs€Hollow€where€he€foundÏRoger€Ryan,€the€victim,€lying€on€the€floor€in€his€small€trailer.€€Another€man,€J.€P.ÏNolan,€was€administering€CPR.€€The€victim,€who€had€been€shot€in€the€abdomenÏfrom€close€range€with€a€shotgun,€was€pronounced€dead€upon€arrival€at€the€hospital.€ÏCindy€Nolan€named€the€defendant€as€the€shooter€and€pointed€the€officer€to€whereÏhe€was€leaning€against€a€tree.€€The€defendant€was€quite€intoxicated€and€had€aÏstrong€odor€of€alcohol€about€him.€€The€deputy€had€to€steady€him€as€they€walked€toÏthe€patrol€car.€€The€deputy€noticed€that€the€defendant€had€a€cut€over€one€eye.€AfterÏother€officers€arrived,€Deputy€Colbert€transported€the€defendant€to€the€emergencyÏroom€where€a€sample€of€the€defendantððs€blood€was€drawn.€Testing€of€the€sampleÏrevealed€that€his€blood€alcohol€level€was€.28€grams€percent€at€11:15€p.m.€Ïâ âEmergency€room€personnel€treated€and€closed€the€cut€€with€a€butterfly€bandage.€Ð ð/@+0 ÐAfter€arriving€at€the€sheriffððs€department€at€approximately€12:10€a.m.,€the€defendantÏgave€a€statement€to€the€police€in€which€he€confessed€that€he€shot€Roger€Ryan.€€€Ìâ âÌà ¸ àAt€trial,€Cindy€Nolan,€her€husband,€J.€P.€Nolan,€and€John€Buckliew,€aÏneighbor,€described€the€events€that€led€up€to€Roger€Ryanððs€death.€€Ryan,€Nolan,ÏBuckliew,€and€the€owner€of€the€trailer€park€spent€the€day€thawing€and€repairing€aÏbroken€water€line€at€Buckliewððs€trailer.€€€The€defendant€stopped€by€briefly€but€thenÏleft€to€cut€firewood€with€some€friends.€€Ryan,€Nolan€and€Buckliew€gathered€atÏNolanððs€place€after€completing€the€repairs.€€Cindy€Nolan€and€Buckliewððs€wife€wereÏalso€present.€The€men€drank€beer.׃×Ý ƒ #ÃÝòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€When€the€defendant€arrived€sometime€aroundÐ Ü, Ðseven€oððclock,€he€was€already€intoxicated.€€Ryan,€who€had€known€the€defendantÏsince€childhood,€tried€to€talk€to€œñ$ñthe›€ñ$ñhim›€about€his€excessive€drinking€and€use€of€drugs.€ÏThe€conversation€became€heated,€and€the€defendant€accused€Ryan€of€calling€hisÏmother€a€whore.€€No€one€else€at€the€trailer€heard€Ryan€make€such€a€statement.€ÏJ.P.€Nolan€was€able€to€calm€the€defendant€temporarily.€€However,€the€defendantÏkept€returning€to€the€Ô#† Xâ.XXXÎ÷X#Ôsubject,€and€the€situation€between€the€two€men€again€becameÐ ¤ô Ðtense€although€no€blows€were€exchanged.€€Finally€Ryan€decided€to€leave€andÏBuckliew€accompanied€him.€€Within€a€few€minutes,€the€defendant€turned€downÏNolanððs€œññ€›€›€›€ññoffer›€to€sleep€on€the€couch€and€departed€declaring€that€he€was€going€homeÏto€bed.׃`×Ý ƒ #ÃÝòòÚ  Ú3Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€Ð ('x"& ÐÌà ¸ àNolan€and€his€wife€were€accustomed€to€checking€on€the€defendant,Ïand€they€decided€to€look€in€on€him€shortly€after€he€left.€€As€they€walked€out€theirÏdoor,€they€heard€a€loud€bang€and€then€saw€the€defendant€walking€toward€theirÐ ¨.ø). Ðhouse€hollering€ð ðJ.P.,€J.P.ðð€€€Nolan€approached€the€defendant€who€told€him,€ð ðI€thinkÏI€just€shot€Roger.ðð€€€He€took€the€shotgun€out€of€the€defendantððs€hands.€While€hisÏwife€and€the€defendant€went€into€the€Nolansðð€house€to€call€911,€Nolan€put€theÏshotgun€in€a€vacant€trailer€and€went€to€find€the€victim.€€The€Nolans€both€noticed€thatÏthe€defendant€now€had€a€cut€over€one€eye.€€€When€Nolan€arrived€at€the€victimððsÏtrailer,€Ryan€was€alive€and€still€able€to€speak.€€He€soon€became€comatose,Ïhowever,€and€Nolanððs€attempt€at€CPR€did€little€to€revive€him.€€The€medical€examinerÏreported€that€the€victim€died€from€a€gun€shot€wound€to€the€abdomen.€€The€pelletsÏperforated€the€lower€portion€of€the€aorta,€the€vena€cava,€and€other€arteries€andÏveins€causing€him€to€bleed€to€death.ÌÌà ¸ àJohn€Buckliew€was€present€when€the€defendant€shot€Ryan.€€HeÏtestified€that€he€and€the€victim€were€seated€on€the€victimððs€sofa€when€the€defendantÏknocked€on€the€door.€€Ryan€opened€it,€and€the€defendant€asked€him€why€he€hadÏcalled€his€mother€a€whore.€€Ryan€again€denied€insulting€the€defendantððs€mother€andÏtold€the€defendant€to€go€home€and€get€some€rest.€€He€closed€the€door.€€Within€a€fewÏmoments,€there€was€another€knock.€€€The€victim€cracked€open€the€door.€€BuckliewÏagain€heard€the€defendant€accuse€the€victim€of€calling€his€mother€a€whore.€€AnÏobject€appeared€in€the€slot€created€by€the€open€door,€a€shot€was€fired,€and€Ryan€fellÏto€the€floor.€€ÌÌà ¸ àThe€officers€recovered€a€black„handled€steak€knife€from€the€area€nearÏthe€steps€to€the€victimððs€trailer.€€In€the€same€area,€they€found€some€blood„€spatteredÏpaving€stones.€€According€to€the€serologist€who€testified€at€trial,€the€knife€testedÏnegative€for€blood.€€The€blood€on€the€stones,€however,€was€consistent€with€that€ofÏthe€defendant.€€ÌÌà ¸ àThe€prosecutor€played€the€defendantððs€taped€statement€for€the€jury,Ïand€Detective€Donald€Bennett€read€aloud€the€brief€statement€he€took€from€theÐ 09€48 Ðdefendant€prior€to€turning€on€the€tape€recorder.€€In€his€statements,€the€defendantÏsaid€that€Ryan€and€another€man€got€him€down€in€the€road€and€that€Ryan€kicked€himÏin€the€face€with€his€cowboy€boots€and€hit€him€in€the€leg€with€a€stick.€€Although€at€firstÏhe€said€he€didnððt€own€a€shotgun,€he€then€admitted€he€went€home€and€returned€withÏthe€gun.€€He€knocked€on€the€door,€walked€in€and€shot€Ryan.€€He€said€that€CindyÏwas€in€Ryanððs€trailer€at€the€time€and€that€Ryan€had€threatened€to€get€his€.38€andÏshoot€him.€€However,€a€police€search€of€the€victimððs€trailer€turned€up€no€weapons,Ïand€other€proof€showed€that€when€the€victim€died,€he€was€wearing€heavy€workÏboots.ÌÌà ¸ àThe€defense€called€several€witnesses€including€Dr.€Charles€Harlan,Ïa€consulting€pathologist,€Dr.€Gillian€Blair,€a€clinical€psychologist,€and€the€defendant.€ÏDr.€Harlan€testified€at€length€about€the€effects€of€alcohol€and€the€different€degreesÏof€intoxication.€€According€to€his€testimony,€a€person€whose€blood€alcohol€level€isÏ.21€grams€percent€has€reached€the€point€of€ð ðmedical€intoxicationðð€and€is€subject€toÏnausea,€vomiting,€and€passing€out.€€At€.30,€death€may€result.€€Humans€metabolizeÏalcohol€at€a€rate€of€about€.015€grams€percent€per€hour.€€Therefore€if€oneððs€levelÏwere€.28€at€11:15€p.m.,€the€level€would€have€been€.31€two€hours€earlier.€€At€suchÏa€level,€oneððs€judgment€and€reaction€time€would€be€seriously€impaired.€€€DuringÏcross„examination,€Dr.€Harlan€testified€that€people€develop€a€tolerance€to€alcohol,Ïand€that€someone€might€have€a€blood€alcohol€level€of€.45€and€still€appear€to€beÏfunctioning.€€€In€rebuttal,€the€state€challenged€Dr.€Harlanððs€conclusions€by€recallingÏDr.€Jones.€€Dr.€Jones€testified€that€the€data€was€insufficient€to€extrapolate€theÏdefendantððs€blood€alcohol€level€at€the€time€of€the€killing€from€the€level€two€hoursÏlater.€€Dr.€Jones€also€questioned€the€accuracy€of€Dr.€Harlanððs€stages€of€intoxication.€ÏHe€said€that€he€had€never€heard€of€ð ðmedicalðð€intoxication.ÌÌà ¸ àDr.€Gillian€Blair,€a€clinical€psychologist,€€conducted€two€separateÏevaluations€of€the€defendant.€€She€reported€that€he€was€extremely€cooperativeÐ 09€48 Ðthroughout€the€six€hours€that€she€spent€with€him.€€She€described€him€as€a€generallyÏmodest€and€retiring€person.€€His€full€scale€IQ€score€of€75€indicates€borderlineÏintellectual€functioning.€€She€opined€that€his€long€history€of€alcohol€and€drug€abuseÏhad€probably€caused€some€deteroriation€since€his€high€school€days.€€€According€toÏher€testing,€the€defendant€suffers€from€a€significant€anxiety€disorder€and€depression.€ÏThe€suicide€of€his€mother€and€his€brotherððs€death€from€AIDS€were€traumatic€eventsÏin€his€life.€€His€ex„wife€and€two€children€live€in€his€fatherððs€home.€€Some€tensionÏexisted€between€the€defendant€and€his€father,€who€is€a€recovering€alcoholic.€€His€Ïfather€had€recently€told€the€defendant€that€he€was€not€welcome€if€he€continued€toÏdrink.€€€€Dr.€Blair€stated€that€at€the€time€of€the€killing,€the€defendant€would€not€haveÏbeen€capable€of€formulating€the€intent€to€intentionally€or€knowingly€kill€Roger€RyanÏdue€to€his€low€intellectual€functioning€and€the€level€of€alcohol€in€his€system.€€€OnÏcross„examination,€she€acknowledged€that€she€was€not€familiar€with€the€statutoryÏdefinitions€of€ð ðintentionalðð€or€ð ðknowing;ðð€however,€she€believed€that€the€defendantððsÏresponse€to€the€situation€had€been€a€ð ðknee„jerkðð€reaction€rather€than€a€decisive€act.€ÏÌà ¸ àThe€defendant€testified€on€his€own€behalf.€€He€recalled€cuttingÏfirewood€with€his€friends€and€remembered€drinking€nearly€a€case€of€beer€during€theÏday.€€He€knew€he€had€gone€to€J.Pððs€house€and€that€during€an€argument,€the€victimÏhad€insulted€his€mother.€€He€remembered€that€he€was€lying€on€the€ground€when€theÏvictim€stomped€him€in€the€face€with€a€cowboy€boot.€€The€next€thing€he€rememberedÏwas€waking€up€in€jail.€€He€could€not€recall€shooting€Roger€Ryan€or€giving€aÏstatement€to€the€police.€€ÌÌà ¸ àOn€these€facts,€the€jury€acquitted€the€defendant€of€first€degreeÏpremeditated€murder€but€convicted€him€of€murder€in€the€second€degree.€€TheÏdefendant€now€contends€that€the€proof€at€trial€was€insufficient€to€establish€beyondÏa€reasonable€doubt€that€he€knowingly€killed€Roger€Ryan.€€ÌÐ 09€48 Ðà@XXàII.€€ò òSufficiency€of€the€Evidence€ó óˆÐ ° ÐÌÔ‡X2EXX X2EÔà ¸ àWhen€an€accused€challenges€the€sufficiency€of€the€evidence,€anÐ pÀ Ðappellate€courtððs€standard€of€review€is,€whether€after€considering€the€evidence€in€theÏlight€most€favorable€to€the€prosecution,€any€rational€trier€of€fact€could€have€found€theÏessential€elements€of€the€crime€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt.€€òòJackson€v.€Virginiaóó,Ð `  Ð443€U.S.€307,€317,€99€S.€Ct.€2781,€2789€(1979);€òòState€v.€Duncanóó,€698€S.W.2d€63,Ð ð@  Ð67€(Tenn.€1985);€Tenn.€R.€App.€P.€€13(e).€€This€rule€is€applicable€to€findings€of€guiltÏbased€upon€direct€evidence,€circumstantial€evidence,€or€a€combination€of€direct€andÏcircumstantial€evidence.€€òòState€v.€Dykesóó,€803€S.W.2d€250,€253€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.),Ð à Ðòòperm.€app.€deniedóó€(Tenn.€1990).€€Ô#† X2EXXX2E’7#ÔBecause€a€jury€conviction€removes€theÐ pÀ Ðpresumption€of€innocence€with€which€a€defendant€is€initially€cloaked€and€replacesÏit€with€one€of€guilt,€a€convicted€defendant€has€the€burden€of€demonstrating€onÏappeal€that€the€evidence€is€insufficient.€€òòState€v.€Tuggleóó,€639€S.W.2d€913,€914Ð ` Ð(Tenn.€1982).€€In€determining€that€sufficiency,€this€court€does€not€reweigh€orÏreevaluate€the€œevidence.ññ€€òòññññState€v.€Cabbageóóñññ ñ,€571€S.W.2d€832,€835€(Tenn.€19ñ ññ!ññ ñ89ñ ññ!ññ"ñ78).ñ"ñññññóóññññ›€Ð Ð  ÐOn€appeal,€the€State€is€entitled€to€the€strongest€legitimate€view€of€the€evidence€andÏall€reasonable€or€legitimate€inferences€which€may€be€drawn€therefrom.€€òòState€v.Ð $à" ÐHarrisóó,€839€S.W.2d€54,€75€(Tenn.€1992).€€It€is€the€appellate€courtððs€duty€to€affirm€theÐ p&À!$ Ðconviction€if€the€evidence,€viewed€under€these€standards,€was€sufficient€for€anyÏrational€trier€of€fact€to€have€found€the€essential€elements€of€the€offenses€beyond€aÏreasonable€doubt.€òòJackson€v.€Virginiaóó,€443€U.S.€307,€317,€99€S.€Ct.€2781,€2789;Ð ,`'* ÐòòState€v.€Cazesóó,€875€S.W.2d€253,€259€(Tenn.€1994);€Tenn.€R.€App.€P.€13(e).€òòÐ ð-@), ÐóóÌà ¸ àKeeping€in€mind€the€appropriate€standard€of€review,€we€conclude€thatÏthe€evidence€is€sufficient€to€sustain€the€defendantððs€conviction€for€second€degreeÏmurder.€€The€defendant€argues€that€the€proof€is€adequate€only€to€convict€him€ofÏvoluntary€manslaughter.€€Although€the€record€contains€evidence€from€which€a€juryÏcould€have€concluded€that€the€defendant€shot€the€victim€ð ðin€a€state€of€passionÐ 09€48 Ðproduced€by€adequate€provocation,ðð€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„13„211€(1997),€the€juryÏdid€not€so€conclude.€€Although€the€blood€spatters€on€the€gravel€outside€the€victimððsÏfront€door€and€the€cut€over€the€defendantððs€eye€tend€to€corroborate€the€defendantððsÏclaim€that€the€victim€and€John€Buckliew€knocked€the€defendant€down€and€kickedÏhim€when€he€was€on€his€way€back€to€his€trailer,€Buckliew€testified€that€the€defendantÏcame€to€the€victimððs€door€two€times,€and€the€second€time,€he€shot€Ryan€who€wasÏunarmed€and€nonthreatening.€€Even€if€the€attack€occurred€as€the€defendantÏcontends,€the€jury€could€conclude€that€sufficient€time€had€passed€for€the€defendantððsÏpassion€to€cool.€€The€testimony€of€everyone€who€was€present€that€night€confirmsÏthat€the€defendant€was€convinced€that€the€victim€had€maligned€his€mother.€ÏHowever,€the€jury€may€well€have€found€that€even€though€the€defendant€sincerelyÏbelieved€that€the€victim€had€insulted€his€mother,€€the€insult€was€not€sufficientÏprovocation€to€justify€a€killing.€ÌÌà ¸ àSecond€degree€murder€is€the€knowing€killing€of€another.€€Tenn.€CodeÏAnn.€ðð€39„13„210€(1997).€€In€the€light€most€favorable€to€the€state,€the€proof€showsÏthat€the€defendant€became€angry€with€the€victim€over€an€alleged€insult.€€The€victimÏand€another€man€left€the€gathering€at€the€Nolan€residence€and€went€to€the€victimððsÏtrailer.€€Within€a€few€moments,€the€defendant€knocked€on€the€door€and€asked€theÏvictim€why€he€had€insulted€his€mother.€€The€victim€told€him€he€considered€theÏdefendantððs€mother€to€be€his€own€and€that€the€defendant€should€go€home€and€getÏsome€sleep.€€In€his€statement€to€the€police,€the€defendant€admitted€that€he€went€toÏhis€trailer€to€retrieve€his€shotgun.€€When€the€victim€cracked€open€the€door€inÏresponse€to€the€œdefendantððsñ#ñ€secondñ#ñ›€knock,€the€defendant€fired€the€weapon.€€TheÏevidence€is€sufficient€for€a€rational€jury€to€conclude€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt€€thatÏthe€defendant€knowingly€killed€Roger€Ryan.׃×Ý ƒ #ÃÝòòÚ  Ú4Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×Ð 3à.2 Їà@  àò òIII.€€Suppression€of€Defendantððs€Statementsó óˆÐ ° Ðà ¸ àThe€defendant€argues€that€the€trial€court€should€have€suppressed€hisÏtwo€statements€to€the€police€because€they€were€given€involuntarily€while€he€was€inÏa€high€state€of€intoxication€and€without€an€intelligent€waiver€of€his€rights.€€The€stateÏcontends€that€intoxication€does€not€invalidate€a€confession€if€the€accused€is€capableÏof€understanding€and€waiving€his€rights.€€We€find€that€the€evidence€in€the€recordÏdoes€not€preponderate€against€the€trial€courtððs€finding€that€despite€the€defendantððsÏhigh€blood€alcohol€content,€the€defendant€was€coherent€and€responsive€duringÏquestioning€and€that€he€gave€a€voluntary,€knowing€and€intelligent€statement€to€theÏpolice.ÌÌà ¸ àA€waiver€of€constitutional€rights€must€be€made€ð ðvoluntarily,€knowingly,Ïand€intelligentlyðð€to€be€valid.€€òòMiranda€v.€Arizonaóó,€384€U.S.€436,€475,€86€S.€Ct.€1602,Ð 0€ Ð1628€(1966).€€The€state€has€the€burden€of€showing€voluntariness€by€aÏpreponderance€of€the€evidence.€€òòState€v.€Kellyóó,€603€S.W.2d€726,€728€(Tenn.€1980).€Ð ð@ ÐThe€totality€of€the€circumstances€surrounding€the€interrogation€must€reveal€both€anÏuncoerced€choice€and€the€required€level€of€comprehension.€€òòState€v.€Stephensonóó,Ð °"  Ð878€S.W.2d€530.€544„545€(Tenn.€1994).€ÌÌà ¸ àBefore€an€accused€is€entitled€to€have€his€statement€suppressedÏbecause€he€was€under€the€influence€of€alcohol€or€other€drugs,€the€accused€mustÐ 0*€%( Ðestablish€that€the€statement€cannot€be€considered€the€product€of€a€free€mind€andÏrational€intellect.€€€òòState€v.€Leonard€Lebron€Rossóó,€No.€03C01„9404„CR„00153,€slipÐ à Ðop.€at€7€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,€Knoxville,€Apr.€10,€1996);€òòState€v.€Teetersóó,€No.€02C01„Ð pÀ Ð9304„CC„00051,€slip€op.€at€4„5€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,€Jackson,€Feb.€2,€1994);€òòState€v.Ð P   ÐMichael€Abernathyóó,€No.€03C01„9111„CR„00372,€slip€op.€at€13€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,Ð 0 € ÐKnoxville,€Oct.€2,€1992),€òòperm.€app.€deniedóó€(Tenn.€1992)€;€€òòseeóó€òòState€v.€Robinsonóó,Ð `  Ð622€S.W.2d€62,€67€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1980);€òòBram€v.€United€Statesóó,€168€U.S.€532,Ð ð@  Ð18€S.€Ct.€183,€(1897).€€€Generally,€if€the€accused€is€capable€of€giving€a€narrative€ofÏpast€events€and€relating€his€role€in€the€commission€of€the€crime,€the€statement€isÏadmissible€even€though€the€accused€was€under€the€influence€of€alcohol€when€heÏmade€the€statement.€€òòLeonard€Lebron€Rossóó,€slip€op.€at€7;€òòLarry€Thomas€Teetersóó,Ð pÀ Ðslip€op.€at€ññœññ5ññ›ññññœññ;ññ›ññ€òòMichael€Abernathyóó,€slip€op.€at€13.€€€€Ð P  ÐÌà ¸ àA€trial€courtððs€findings€of€fact€at€the€conclusion€of€a€hearing€on€theÏmerits€of€a€motion€to€suppress€have€the€weight€of€a€jury€verdict.€€òòState€v.€Aucoinóó,Ð ð@ Ð756€S.W.2d€705,€710€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1988).€€Those€findings€are€presumptivelyÏcorrect€on€appeal€and€are€binding€on€this€court€unless€the€evidence€in€the€recordÏpreponderates€against€them.€€òòState€v.€Stephensonóó,€878€S.W.2d€530,€544€(Tenn.Ð $à" Ð1994);€€òòState€v.€Woodsóó,€806€S.W.2d€205,€208€(Tenn.€1990).€€€Ð p&À!$ ÐÌà ¸ àIn€this€case,€the€trial€court€found€that€when€the€police€arrived€at€theÏscene€at€approximately€9:00€p.m,€the€defendant€was€highly€intoxicated.€€He€couldÏnot€stand€or€walk€unaided€and€was€very€emotional.€€Although€the€deputies€askedÏhim€no€questions,€he€made€a€number€of€incriminating€statements.€€The€trial€courtÏsuppressed€these€statements€finding€that€the€defendant€was€incapable€of€giving€aÏvoluntary,€knowing€and€intelligent€waiver€of€his€rights€at€that€time.׃×Ý ƒ #ÃÝòòÚ  Ú5Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€The€defendantððsÐ 3à.2 Ðblood€sample€taken€at€approximately€11:15€p.m.€indicated€a€blood€alcohol€level€ofÐ p5À04 Ð.28€grams€percent.€€An€hour€later,€the€ññœññpoliceñ ñ€advised€the€defendant€of€his€mirandaÏrights€andñ ñññ›ññ€conducted€a€formal€interview.€€At€first€the€detectives€spoke€with€theÏdefendant€and€obtained€a€brief€narrative€of€the€events.€€Detective€Donald€BennettÏreduced€this€conversation€to€writing.€€Then,€after€advising€the€defendant€of€his€rightsÏline€by€line,€€the€ññœññdetectivesñ ñ€againñ ñññ›ññ€took€the€defendant€ññœñññ ñback›€ñ ñthroughññ›ññ€the€events€of€theÏevening€ññœñññ ñfor›€a›€second›€time›€ñ ñandññ›ññ€recorded€the€interview€on€tape.€€The€detectives€testified€that€at€thisÏtime€the€defendant€was€able€to€walk€normally€and€that€although€he€cried€during€theÏinterview,€his€demeanor€was€much€less€emotional€than€it€had€been€earlier.€€The€trialÏcourt€specifically€accredited€this€testimony.€€The€defendant€testified€that€he€did€notÏrecall€being€interrogated€or€making€any€statements.€€The€trial€judge,€after€listeningÏto€the€tape€recorded€session€and€reading€Detective€Bennettððs€account€of€the€earlierÏportion€of€the€interview,€found€that€the€defendant€was€coherent€and€responsiveÏduring€the€interview.€€He€noted€that€the€two€statements€were€very€similar€and€thatÏthe€defendant€was€capable€of€creating€a€logical€narrative€of€past€events.€€InÏparticular,€the€trial€court€found€that€the€defendant€had€sufficient€presence€of€mindÏand€coherence€of€thought€to€attempt€to€exculpate€himself.€€The€trial€court€concludedÏthat€the€defendant,€although€intoxicated,€was€sufficiently€aware€of€what€he€wasÏdoing€to€make€a€voluntary€waiver€and€statement.€€€€ÌÌà ¸ àThe€evidence€in€the€record€does€not€preponderate€against€the€findingsÏof€the€trial€court.€€The€appellant€was€properly€advised€of€his€rights€and€was€notÏcoerced.€€At€the€hearing,€he€identified€his€signature€on€the€waiver€as€being€hisÏð ðregularðð€signature€and€testified€that€he€was€able€to€read.€€The€statements€revealÏthat€although€he€at€first€denied€owning€a€shotgun,€he€quickly€admitted€that€he€shotÏthe€victim.€€He€told€the€officers€that€the€victim€had€insulted€his€mother€and€that€theyÏfought€in€the€road.€€After€the€victim€ð ðstomped€him€hardðð€and€threatened€to€get€his€.38Ïand€shoot€him,€he€went€home€and€got€his€gun.€€He€returned,€and€when€the€victimÏopened€the€door,€he€fired€the€fatal€shot.€€He€insisted€that€Cindy€Nolan€was€presentÏin€the€trailer€when€he€killed€the€victim€who,€he€said,€was€acting€ð ðcrazy.ðð€€Ð 09€48 Їà ¸ àClearly,€many€of€the€defendantððs€statements€to€the€police€were€self„¼serving€and€intended€to€justify€the€shooting.€€At€first,€he€denied€owning€the€shotgunÏuntil€he€was€confronted€with€the€news€that€his€father€and€brother€had€identified€theÏweapon€as€his.€€Then€he€tried€to€convince€the€police€that€he€shot€the€victim€in€selfÏdefense.€€He€recalled€a€previous€time€when€he€and€the€victim€fought.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.Ð 0 € ÐMichael€Abernathyóó,€No.€03C01„9111„CR„00372,€slip€op.€at€14€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,Ð `  ÐKnoxville,€Oct.€2,€ññœññ1992)ñ ñ,ñ ñññ›ññ€òòperm.€app.€deniedóó,€(Tenn.€1992).€€Ð ð@  ÐÓÓññœññññÌññññ›ññÌÓÓà ¸ àAlthough€the€defendant€sobbed€at€times€during€the€interview,€he€wasÏable€to€create€a€narrative€of€past€events€and€to€relate€his€role€in€the€offense.€€TheÏofficers€testified€that€despite€the€smell€of€alcohol€on€the€defendantððs€breath,€he€wasÏno€longer€so€incapacitated€that€he€could€not€understand€his€rights€and€waive€themÏvoluntarily.€€The€trial€court€found€the€officersðð€testimony€to€be€credible.€€We€do€notÏbelieve€that€the€evidence€preponderates€against€the€trial€courtððs€determination€thatÏhe€made€a€knowing,€voluntary,€and€intelligent€waiver€of€his€rights.€€€ÌÌà ¸ àWe€must€also€conclude€that€the€defendantððs€statement€was€voluntary.€ÏThe€40„year„old€defendant€had€completed€the€ninth€grade.€€The€interrogation€wasÏnot€lengthy.€€The€minor€cut€to€the€defendantððs€head€had€been€treated€at€the€hospital,Ïand€nothing€indicates€that€the€police€deprived€the€defendant€of€food,€sleep,€orÏmedical€attention.€€The€police€did€not€coerce€or€threaten€him.€€Under€the€totality€ofÏthe€circumstances,€we€cannot€conclude€that€the€trial€court€erred€in€denying€theÏdefendantððs€motion€to€suppress.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Huddlestonóó,€924€S.W.2d€666,€671Ð ð-@), Ð(Tenn.€1996).€€ÌœññññññÌññññññññññÌÌÌññññÌññññññ›ññññññÌññ›ññÌññ›Ìññ›œññññÌññ›ññÌññ›ññÌññ›ññÌññññ›œññÌññ›œññÌññ›œññÌññ›œññÐ 09€48 Ðññ›à@ëë!àò òIV.€€€Mitigating€Factorsó óˆÐ ° ÐÌœññà ¸ àññññà ¸ àññññññà  àññññIn›€his€final€issue,€the€defendant€argues€that€the€trial€court€erred€inÏfinding€that€no€mitigating€factors€existed€and€in€sentencing€him€to€twenty€years€forÏsecond€degree€murder.€€œññò òó óññFinding›€no€error,€we€affirm€the€trial€courtððs€judgment.ÌÌà ¸ àWhen€an€accused€challenges€the€length,€range,€or€manner€of€serviceÏof€a€sentence,€it€is€the€duty€of€this€court€to€conduct€a€òòdeóó€òònovoóó€review€with€aÐ Ð  Ðpresumption€that€the€determinations€made€by€the€trial€court€are€correct.€Tenn.€CodeÏAnn.€ðð€40-35-401(d)(1997).€This€presumption€is€"conditioned€upon€the€affirmativeÏshowing€in€the€record€that€the€trial€court€considered€the€sentencing€principles€andÏall€relevant€facts€and€circumstances.ðð€òòState€v.€Ashbyóó,€823€S.W.2d€166,€169€(Tenn.Ð P  Ð1991).€€€In€conducting€our€review,€we€must€consider€all€the€evidence,€theÏpresentence€report,€the€sentencing€principles,€the€enhancing€and€mitigating€factors,Ïthe€arguments€of€counsel,€the€appellantððs€statements,€the€nature€and€character€ofÏthe€offense,€and€the€appellantððs€potential€for€rehabilitation.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðððð€40„¼35„103(5),€„210(b)€(1997);€òòState€v.€Ashbyóó,€823€S.W.2dÔ‡X‚uXX X‚uÔ€at€169.€€The€defendant€hasÐ °"  Ðthe€burden€of€demonstrating€that€the€sentence€is€improper.€€òòIdóó.€€In€the€event€theÐ $à" Ðrecord€fails€to€demonstrate€the€appropriate€consideration€by€the€trial€court,€appellateÏreview€of€the€sentence€is€purely€òòdeóó€òònovoóó.€€òòIdóó.€€If€our€review€reflects€that€the€trialÐ P( #& Ðcourt€properly€considered€all€relevant€factors€and€the€record€adequately€supportsÏits€findings€of€fact,€this€court€must€affirm€the€sentence€even€if€we€would€haveÏpreferred€a€different€result.€€òòState€v.€Fletcheróó,€805€Ô#† X‚uXXX‚uØq#ÔS.W.2dÔ‡X‚uXX X‚uÔ€785,€789€Ô#† X‚uXXX‚unt#Ô(Tenn.€Crim.Ð ð-@), ÐApp.€19Ô‡X‚uXX X‚uÔ91).Ð Ð/ +. ÐÌà ¸ àIn€making€its€sentencing€determination,€the€trial€court,€at€theÏconclusion€of€the€sentencing€hearing,€determines€the€sentencing€range,€the€specificÏsentence,€and€the€propriety€of€imposing€a€sentence€involving€an€alternative€to€totalÏconfinement.€€In€this€instance,€the€trial€court€considered€the€evidence€presented€atÐ 09€48 Ðtrial€and€the€sentencing€hearing,€the€presentence€report,€€the€victim€impactÏstatement,€the€sentencing€principles,€and€other€sentencing€considerations.€€òòSeeóóÐ à ÐTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðððð€40„35„103(5)€and€40„35„210(a),€(b)€€(1997);€òòState€v.€Hollandóó,Ð pÀ Ð860€Ô#† X‚uXXX‚uât#ÔS.W.2dÔ‡X‚uXX X‚uÔ€53,€60€Ô#† X‚uXXX‚uÎw#Ô(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€19Ô‡X‚uXX X‚uÔ93).€€Therefore,€we€review€the€defendantððsÐ P   Ðsentence€with€a€presumption€that€the€trial€courtððs€determination€is€correct.ÌÌà ¸ àAt€the€conclusion€of€the€sentencing€hearing,€the€trial€court€found€thatÏthe€defendant€was€subject€to€a€Range€I€sentence€of€15€to€25€years.€€Ô#† X‚uXXX‚u,x#ÔTenn.€CodeÐ Ð  ÐAnn.€ðð€Ô‡X‚uXX X‚uÔ40„35„112(a)(1)(1997).€€As€a€Class€A€felon,€Ô#† X‚uXXX‚uÂy#ÔTennessee€Code€AnnotatedÐ ° ÐsectionÔ‡X‚uXX X‚uÔ€40„35„501(I)(1)€requires€him€to€serve€100%€of€his€sentence.€€Jail€credits€forÐ à Ðgood€behavior€may€not€reduce€his€sentence€by€more€than€15%.€€Ô#† X‚uXXX‚udz#ÔTenn.€Code€Ann.Ð pÀ Ððð€Ô‡X‚uXX X‚uÔ40„35„501(I)(1),€(2)€(1997).€€TÔ#† X‚uXXX‚uo{#Ôhe€presumptive€sentence€for€a€Class€A€felony€is€theÐ P  Ðmidpoint€of€the€range.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ððÔ‡X‚uXX X‚uÔ€40„35„210(c)€(1997).€€The€sentence€mayÐ 0€ Ðthen€be€increased€by€any€applicable€enhancement€factors€and€reduced€in€the€lightÏof€any€applicable€mitigating€factors.€€Ô#† X‚uXXX‚uD|#ÔTenn.€Code€Ann.€ððÔ‡X‚uXX X‚uÔ€40„35„210(d),(e)€(1997).€Ô#† X‚uXXX‚uN}#ÔÔ‡X‚uXX X‚uԀРð@ ÐThe€trial€court,€however,€found€no€enhancement€factors€and€no€mitigating€factorsÏand,€therefore,€sentenced€the€defendant€to€serve€twenty€years€in€the€DepartmentÏof€Correction.ÌÌà ¸ àThe€defendant€contends€that€the€evidence€supports€the€application€ofÏseveral€mitigating€factors.€€He€argues€that€he€acted€under€strong€provocation,€Ô#† X‚uXXX‚uª}#ÔÔ‡X‚uXX X‚uÔ€thatÐ 0*€%( Ðsubstantial€grounds€exist€that€tend€to€excuse€or€justify€his€criminal€conduct,€that€heÏwas€suffering€from€a€mental€or€physical€condition€other€than€the€voluntary€use€ofÏintoxicants€that€significantly€reduced€his€culpability,€and€that€the€offense€wasÏcommitted€under€such€unusual€circumstances€that€it€is€unlikely€that€a€sustainedÏintent€to€violate€the€law€motivated€his€criminal€conduct.€€Ô#† X‚uXXX‚uS#ÔTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€Ô‡X‚uXX X‚uÔ40„35„Ð 3à.2 Ð113(2),(3),(8),€and€(11)€(1997).€€€€The€trial€court€found€that€there€was€no€evidenceÏâ âof€strong€provocation,€that€voluntary€intoxication€does€not€fall€within€the€purview€ofÐ P7 26 Ðthe€statute,€and€that€chronic€intoxication€had€caused€the€defendantððs€mentalÏdeficiencies.€€Ìâ âÓÓà ¸ àÌà ¸ àÓÓÔ#† X‚uXXX‚uI#ÔÔ‡X‚uXX X‚uÔThe€defendant€has€failed€to€show€that€the€trial€courtððs€sentence€isÐ ` ° Ðimproper.€€The€trial€court€found€that€no€strong€provocation€or€justification€for€hisÏconduct€€existed€and€that€the€chronic€use€of€alcohol€and€its€related€effect€are€notÏwithin€the€purview€of€the€statute.€€The€evidence€in€the€record€does€not€preponderateÏagainst€the€findings€of€the€trial€court.€€Therefore,€we€affirm€the€defendantððs€sentenceÏof€twenty€years.ÌÌà@÷÷(àò òConclusionó óˆÐ €Ð ÐÌà ¸ àWe€affirm€the€defendantððs€conviction€for€second€degree€murder€andÏhis€twenty„year€sentence€as€imposed€by€the€trial€court.ÌÔ#† X‚uXXX‚uƒ#ÔÓÓà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àà p à__________________________Ð P Ðà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àà p àCURWOOD€WITT,€JudgeÌÌCONCUR:ÌÌÌ______________________________,€ÌJOE€G.€RILEY,€€JudgeÌÌÌ______________________________,€ÌÔ‡X‚uXX X‚uÔLEE€MOORE,€Special€JudgeÐ P( #& ÐÔ#† X‚uXXX‚u*‡#Ô