WPCP FWq8n3Np/SA8yۑHhoo *h-ulaב5WYzK&B8x $ˊe0}0G^ig->uhQ.Reyf "_-ز$ iTx%,?F1f!Z@T!L6vmȐiHFO{m"[f,[ի\KF74( 7k2|v3?ݒRky'PYk (e*N$W7Di`gN?a/w, C]zl徍,k fa`@"7UR> ʲLiH>tboaJwNݬYIDg^U@3RhtkI*$}^]j%)e)LݴSw ^V̯MPkvH a&W!3tb#\ % ^ # 0/ UN w 4 z  i x mz U@   ] #UNN799EAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAbCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC 0KKKK B66 0S D5 D-, 0KYY AS 0 0Da AHP LaserJet 40500-s (`$.8dd8    ("  Z6Times New Roman Regular3j1, C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wpt3|xU(9 Z(Times New Roman Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(9 Z6Times New Roman Regular - -(|G2U$ !.8EMdd8         0   d(|3{$ !.8EMdd8     VVVV)!dxdx)!dxdx( $ Figure  1  ^_X`YE<<CLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(|3{$ !.8EMdd8     ($$   1  X[Z&OLE 2.0 Box <=8C HKKKK !.8EMdd8     _  EM8XXdd8  @tt_\EMINTHECOURTOFCRIMINALAPPEALSOFTENNESSEE  @WW$ATKNOXVILLE#EM_\ #Ԉ &   AssignedonBriefsOctober29,2002 L XXEM #EMXX #STATEOFTENNESSEEv.RICHARDALANHAWKINSXXEM  J @@ DirectAppealfromtheCriminalCourtforHamiltonCounty  J @@No.236534StephenM._Bevil_,Judge  6 @@*AV) ` dE<` A   @@TTNo.E200201095CCAR3CD   December27,_2002_   AV) ` dE<|` A }     AHamiltonCountyjuryconvictedthedefendant,RichardAlanHawkins,ofassault,aClassA x  misdemeanor.Thetrialcourtsentencedthedefendanttoelevenmonthsandtwentyninedaysinthe d countyworkhousetobeservedat75%.Inthisappeal,thedefendantraisesthefollowingissues:(1) P whetherthestateswitnessesviolatedtheruleofsequestration,and(2)whetherthedefendants < sentenceisexcessive.Weaffirmthejudgmentofthetrialcourt. (x  Tenn.R.App.P.3AppealasofRight;JudgmentoftheCriminalCourtAffirmed  P   #EMX#XX.EMJoeG.Riley,J.,deliveredtheopinionofthecourt,inwhichGaryR.Wade,_P.J._,andRobertW. ( _Wedemeyer_,J.,joined.  BryanH._Hoss_Ԁ(onappeal)andLloydA.Levitt(attrial),Chattanooga,Tennessee,fortheappellant,  RichardAlanHawkins.  PaulG.Summers,AttorneyGeneralandReporter;_Angele_ԀM.Gregory,AssistantAttorneyGeneral; ` WilliamH.Cox,III,DistrictAttorneyGeneral;and_Ruston_ԀL.Hill,AssistantDistrictAttorney L  General,fortheappellee,StateofTennessee. 8!   OPINION #EMXX#XXEM #L# #EMXX? #  XXEM  _Kasey_Ԁ_Ieng_,thevictim,testifiedthatonJanuary17,2001,whiledrivingonHighway153in %$!% HamiltonCounty,thedefendantdroveuptohervehicleandcloselyfollowedher.Thedefendant &"& thenpassed_Ieng_Ԁandcuthiscarinfrontofhercar._Ieng_Ԁstatedshealmostwreckedhercarasa '"' result,andsheblewherhornatthedefendant. (#(   _Ieng_Ԁtestifiedbothsheandthedefendanttookthenextexitoffthehighway.Shestatedthe p*%* defendant,whowasinfrontofher,thenbegantoperiodicallyapplyhisbrakes.Thedefendantthen \+&+ stoppedhisvehicleinthemiddleoftheexitramp.Thedefendantapproached_Ieng_scar,whichwas H,', parkedbehindhisvehicle.Thepartiesthenbeganto cusseachother._Ieng_Ԁstatedthedefendant 4-(- _reachedintohercar,grabbedherbytheneck,andchokedher.ThedefendantthengrabbedIengs  faceandpushedherintoherseat.Healsostruckheracrosshercheekwithhisopenhand.    GaryPaynetestifiedhedroveuptothetwocarsparkedinthemiddleoftheexitrampand t stoppedhisvehiclebecausehecouldnotdrivearoundthem.Paynestatedhesawthedefendant ` reachintoIengscar,anditappearedthedefendanthitIeng.UponseeingPayne,thedefendantleft L  thesceneinhisvehicle. 8    Paynetestifiedthatafterthedefendantleft,heapproachedIengsvehicleandaskedherifshe  ` sufferedanyinjury.Iengsaid, Hehitmeinmyface.Paynethenenteredhisvehicleandchased  L  thedefendant.Whenhecaughtuptothedefendant,Paynewrotedownthetagnumberofthe  8  defendantsvehicle.Thedefendantwassubsequentlyarrested. $    Iengtestifiedthataftertheincident,bothherfaceandneckwerered.Shealsoreceived   injuriestoherneckandwenttotheemergencyroom.     Thejuryconvictedthedefendantofassault.Thetrialcourtsentencedhimtoelevenmonths p andtwentyninedaysinthecountyworkhousetobeservedat75%. \   RULEOFSEQUESTRATION   p     Thedefendantcontendsthestateswitnessesviolatedtheruleofsequestrationduringtrial. H Specifically,thedefendantallegesPayne,Ieng,andtheprosecutordiscussedthecaseinthehallway 4 priortoPaynestakingthestand.      XXXXThedefendantfailedtoincludethisissueinthemotionfornewtrial.Therefore,thisissue  iswaived.Tenn.R.App.P.3(e);seeStatev.Walker,910S.W.2d381,386(Tenn.1995).  Furthermore,weenvisionnoplainerror.SeeTenn.R.Crim.P.52(b).#XXX X#    SENTENCING  D!     Thedefendantcontendsthesentenceimposedbythetrialcourtisexcessive.Wedisagree. #l! XXXX  Whenimposingasentenceforamisdemeanor,thetrialcourtmustallowthepartiesa $D # reasonableopportunitytobeheardregardingthelengthofthesentenceandmannerinwhichitisto %0!$ beserved.Tenn.CodeAnn.4035302(a).Thetrialcourtmustspecifythelengthofthesentence &"% inmonths,days,orhours.Tenn.CodeAnn.4035302(b).Itshouldalsospecifyapercentageof '#& thesentencewhichmustbeservedbythedefendantbeforeeligibilityfor workrelease,furlough, (#' trustystatusandrelatedrehabilitativeprograms.Tenn.CodeAnn.4035302(d). )$(   |*%)   Unlikeafelon,adefendantconvictedofamisdemeanorenjoysnopresumptionofa   minimumsentence.Statev.Humphreys,70S.W.3d752,768(Tenn.Crim.App.2001).Still,the  trialcourtshouldconsiderenhancementandmitigatingfactors,thepurposesoftheCriminal  SentencingReformActof1989,andgeneralsentencingprinciplesinimposingthesentenceand t shouldnotarbitrarilysetthepercentagetobeservedinactualconfinement.Tenn.CodeAnn.40 ` 35302(d).Althoughitwouldbeabetterpracticeforthetrialcourttomakefindingsontherecord L  whensettingthepercentage,thereisnorequirementthatthetrialcourtdoso.Statev.Troutman, 8  979S.W.2d271,274(Tenn.1998).Whenadefendantchallengesthesentence,thiscourtconducts $ t adenovoreviewwithapresumptionthetrialcourtsdeterminationsarecorrect.Tenn.CodeAnn.  ` 4035401(d).#XXXX!#  L    Inthecaseatbar,thetrialcourtsentencedthedefendanttoelevenmonthsandtwentynine $  daysinthecountyworkhousetobeservedat75%.Thetrialcourtstatedthatindeterminingthis   sentence,itreliedupontheevidencepresentedattrial,thedefendantssixpriorconvictions,andthe   defendantsexplanationregardinghisrecord.Inrequiringthedefendanttoserve75%ofhis   sentenceinconfinement,thetrialcourtfoundthedefendantcommittedthecrimeoutofanger.The   trialcourtalsofoundthedefendanthadpreviouslybeensentencedtoelevenmonthsandtwentynine p daysintheworkhouse,whichdidnotservetodeterhimfromcommittingotheroffenses.We \ concludethetrialcourtproperlyconsideredthecircumstancesofthecaseandthesentencing H principlesindeterminingthedefendantssentence. 4    XXXXUnderthe1989SentencingAct,sentenceswhichinvolveconfinementaretobebasedonthe  \ followingconsiderationscontainedinTennesseeCodeAnnotatedsection4035103(1): H 8  8`   (A)[c]onfinementisnecessarytoprotectsocietybyrestraininga   defendantwhohasalonghistoryofcriminalconduct; ` x` x 8  8`   (B)[c]onfinementisnecessarytoavoiddepreciatingtheseriousness  oftheoffenseorconfinementisparticularlysuitedtoprovidean  effectivedeterrencetootherslikelytocommitsimilaroffenses;orl` x` x 8  8`   (C)[m]easureslessrestrictivethanconfinementhavefrequentlyor D! recentlybeenappliedunsuccessfullytothedefendant.0" ` x` x Statev.Grigsby,957S.W.2d541,545(Tenn.Crim.App.1997);Statev.Millsaps,920S.W.2d267, $X" 270(Tenn.Crim.App.1995).#XXX X%# $D #   Inthiscase,thefirstconsideration, [c]onfinementisnecessarytoprotectsocietyby &"% restrainingadefendantwhohasalonghistoryofcriminalconduct,applies.SeeTenn.CodeAnn. '#& 4035103(1)(A).Thedefendanthassixpriorconvictions,includingtwoconvictionsfor (#' aggravatedburglary,threeconvictionsfortheftofproperty,andoneconvictionforfraudulentuse )$( ofacreditcard.Therefore,thedefendantspriorrecordisextensivesoastoqualifyunderthefirst |*%) considerationforconfinement. h+&* Ї  Confinementisalsonecessaryinordertoavoiddepreciatingtheseriousnessoftheoffense.  SeeTenn.CodeAnn.4035103(1)(B).Thetrialcourtfoundthatthedefendantcommittedthe  assaultoutofanger.Thetrialcourtalsorecognizedthegrowingproblemof roadrageandthe  dangersitposes. t   Wealsonote,asdidthetrialcourt,thatthedefendantcommittedsomeofhissixprior L  offenseswhilehewasoutonbondforotheroffenses.Further,thedefendanthadservedaneleven 8  month,twentyninedaysentenceinthecountyworkhousepriortocommittingtheinstantoffense. $ t Nothinghasdeterredthedefendantfromcommittingotheroffenses.Therefore,thetrialcourt  ` properlyorderedthedefendanttoservehissentenceinthecountyworkhouseat75%.  L    Weaffirmthejudgmentofthetrialcourt. $     `     h     _______________________________________      `     h     JOEG.RILEY,JUDGE