ÿWPCë Ÿn‹Œ,¹)t:¸ÒŠªn"Åh~Ùb8P0¬Vá àÆz_·>gp´ÚÂxÇ]>ìAšWåusb×ñ~°zšaŸ§*Fnïñ)Ó8Ú;Þ“V—š(å,:®z?83‡~6Gdù4çÈ’Uñ”2SÝ“•»=G5×ÕYaŒud8Ä×½³Yb¢ÿúÅðEÏ Ê¦ÃU®U!2¾c(ÅQ|z@*DL®ýçºq!‘ Ú‘­'@¢ RèNÆ?eS‡unðE»uõ´gFÜâ¦g¯¢òYv ÌBøv¥;ÖBöœõî…9Ò„ ª'ÆÅ–:shj¸yÍ2n3Ð*H ðËÞxšÔt]¹»7àþ©‚ÍŠå'ºj 1öã}_ÒÝc²”Êe-2$ËßÃHXé$UÆÈËË~É9êŽU¼¢Å@ ½^ö JÁú´FÅ[«oÏ>±=^¢YK†nYMÿYð.‡ HÊU¬Ë‘¤"铽rçÆ–èr¤SÁû$ø 1/Ja´ö¸3Dšr¤Ã$Ë—AÇž’¸ûmà¹Ô zø5ʼnÝ$¥  •yåøä…qǶå/ÓEhƒ³HKÚquØ ¤úŠúi1Ï™—$oñin[5ªðgൠ2®… %F w@L 0ÜŒ U:h 4¢ ¶ U:Å ÿ Ñ 0 Ø 0Dø<U:DU:~׸‹U:U:TêŽU:xxxxxxxxxxx B²²²²²²²²²²² D3ÏÏÏ 0D AOFÆ•• 0D[ D/Ÿ BÎX \]e^D_D`UaUbDcdUeÓ€(´`$¡¡Ñ°ÑÒ°ÒÑTR[  AØ'ÿ Legal3Ø' AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÑ7€‰GXXdðXXdð7ÑÑ  Ñ,c½¬AZ‹"Arial RegularuM%hô½¬A3|xn, øð AZ"Arial Regular ÇÒ°Ò€€Ô‡ô¥ôXXÔÔ‡ôñ‡ôôô¥ÔÝ ƒ ÿÝÑ@°ÑÐ  ÐÒÒÑT@R[  AØ'ÿ Legal3Ø' AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÑ7À¬ªXXdædæ7ÑÑ @ Ñà ` àòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝThe€indictment€also€charges€the€appellant€under€the€alias,€David€Weathers.Ô#†ô¥ôôôñ‡/#Ô(Ð(3™$¤¤Ý ƒ`!ÝѰÑÒ°ÒÑTR[  AØ'ÿ Legal3Ø' AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÑ7€¬ªXXdædæ7ÑÑ  ÑÝ  Ýà ` àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó þÒ°Ò€€Ô‡ ôóªôXXÔÔ‡ôÁ‘ôôôóªÔÝ ƒ üÝÿÝà ` àòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝThe€indictment€also€charges€the€appellant€under€the€alias,€David€Weathers.Ô#† ôóªôôôÁ‘/#Ô,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular, øð AZ"Arial Regular ÍÒ°ÒÔ€ôóªôXXÔÝ ƒ üÝÿÝà ` àòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ‡ôÁ‘ôôôóªÔA€Dickson€County€Grand€Jury€returned€a€three„count€indictment€against€the€appellantÐ  Ðand€a€co„defendant,€Rosalind€Thompson,€charging€them€with€one€count€of€possession€of€cocaineÏover€.5€grams€with€intent€to€sell,€one€count€of€possession€of€marijuana,€and€one€count€possessionÏof€drug€paraphernalia.€ Ò°ÒÔ€ô¥ôXXÔÝ ƒ ™ÿÝÑ@°ÑÒÒÑT@R[  AØ'ÿ Legal3Ø' AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÑ7À¬ªXXdædæ7ÑÑ @ Ñà ` àòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ‡ôñ‡ôôô¥ÔA€Dickson€County€Grand€Jury€returned€a€three„count€indictment€against€the€appellantÐ  Ðand€a€co„defendant,€Rosalind€Thompson,€charging€them€with€one€count€of€possession€of€cocaineÏover€.5€grams€with€intent€to€sell,€one€count€of€possession€of€marijuana,€and€one€count€possessionÏof€drug€paraphernalia.€,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular, øð AZ"Arial Regular àÔ€X¬ªXXXÔÔ€œF XX¬ªÔÓ  Óò òÔ Ad ÔFILEDÔ€X¬ªX œFÔÐ  ÐÌSeptember€30,€1998ÌÌCecil€W.€CrowsonÌAppellate€Court€ClerkÔdAMÔó ó,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular d'ÿÿdxd(3¯$££Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý€-‚ƒCþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó„„'÷ÿ dxdüÿP PdÝ ƒ`!ÝѰÑÒ°ÒÑTR[  AØ'ÿ Legal3Ø' AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÑ7€¬ªXXdædÈ7ÑÑ  ÑÝ  Ýñeññ]ñ›ñ]ññeñÓ ÔþÓò òñeñßr€*<,(j 8` `€€@EÈ ` 8ttxPð  rß›ñeñà@. . ®àIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEˆÐ  Ðà@ÜÜ(®àAT€NASHVILLEˆÌà@½½%®àJULY€SESSION,€1998ˆÌÌÌÌÌSTATE€OF€TENNESSEE,à h àà À à)Ð | t Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à)à  àNo.€01C01„9707„CC„00444Ð h` Ðà ` àAppelleeà  àà h àà À à)Ð TL  Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à)à  àDICKSON€COUNTYÐ @8  Ðvs.à ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à)Ð ,$  Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à)à  àHon.€Robert€Burch,€JudgeÐ   ÐDEMARIO€HILL,à  àà h àà À à)Ð ü  Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à)à  à(Possession€of€Cocaine€in€Ð ðè  Ðà ` àAppellantà  àà h àà À à)à  àexcess€of€.5€grams€with€intentÐ ÜÔ  Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àto€sell€and€possession€of€drugÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àparaphernalia)Ìó óÌÌÌòòFor€the€Appellantóó:à  àà h àà À àà  àòòFor€the€Appelleeóó:Ð RJ ÐÌò òClifford€K.€McGown,€Jr.ó óà h àò òà À àà  àJohn€Knox€Walkupó óÐ  Ð113€North€Court€Squareà h àà À àà  àAttorney€General€and€ReporterÐ   ÐP.€O.€Box€26à ¸ àÐ ðè ÐWaverly,€TN€€37185à h àà À àò òà  àJanis€L.€Turneró óÐ ÖÎ Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àAssistant€Attorney€Generalà Ð àà (# àРº Ð(ON€APPEAL€ONLY)à h àà À àà  àCriminal€Justice€DivisionÐ ¨   Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à425€Fifth€Avenue€NorthÌò òShipp€R.€Weemsó óà  àà h àà À àà  à2d€Floor,€Cordell€Hull€BuildingÐ t"l ÐDistrict€Public€Defenderà h àà À àà  àNashville,€TN€37243„0493à x àà Ð àà (# àÐ `#X ÐÌò òCarey€Thompsonà  àó óÐ ,%$! ÐAsst.€District€Public€DefenderÌP.€O.€Box€160à  àà h àà À àà  àà p àà È àÐ þ&ö# ÐCharlotte,€TN€€37036„0160à À àà  àò òDan€Mitchum€Alsobrooksà Ð àà (# àÐ ä'Ü $ Ðà ` àó óà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àDistrict€Attorney€GeneralÐ Ð(È!% Ð(AT€TRIAL€AND€OF€COUNSELÌON€APPEAL)ò òà  àà h àà À àà  àRobert€Wilsonó óÐ œ*”#' Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àAsst.€District€Attorney€GeneralÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àP.€O.€Box€580Ìà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àCharlotte,€TN€€37036ÌÌÌÌÌOPINION€FILED:€€òò€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€óóÐ Ò1Ê*/ ÐÌAFFIRMEDÌÌÌÌò òDavid€G.€Hayesó óÐ 67.05 ÐJudgeÐ  "816 ÐÔ‡XXXXÔà@+®àòòò òOPINIONˆÐ  ÐÌó óóóÌÓÓà ` àThe€appellant,€Demario€Hillñ]ñ׃ ×ñ]ññ]ñ׃ ×ñ]ñÝ ƒ #ÃÝòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×,€appeals€as€of€right€from€convictions€entered€byÐ Ø Ð Ðthe€Circuit€Court€of€Dickson€County€for€possession€of€cocaine€in€excess€of€.5€gramsÏwith€intent€to€sell,€a€Class€B€felony,€and€possession€of€drug€paraphernalia,€a€Class€AÏmisdemeanorñ]ñ׃>×ñ]ññ]ñ׃z×ñ]ñÝ ƒ #ÃÝòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×.€€At€the€sentencing€hearing€as€a€Range€I€standard€offender,€the€trialÐ xp  Ðcourt€imposed€a€fine€of€$2,000€and€a€ten€(10)€year€sentence€in€the€Department€ofÏCorrections€for€felony€possession€with€intent€to€sell.€€This€sentence€was€ordered€toÏbe€served€concurrently€with€an€eleven€(11)€months€and€twenty„nine€(29)€daysÏsentence€in€the€county€workhouse€for€possession€of€drug€paraphernalia.€€TheÏappellant€now€raises€two€issues€for€our€review.€€First,€the€appellant€contends€the€trialÏcourt€erred€by€permitting€the€State€to€introduce€evidence€of€marijuana€residueÏseized€during€a€proper€search€of€the€residence.€€Second,€the€appellant€challengesÏthe€sufficiency€of€the€evidence€to€sustain€a€conviction€for€possession€of€cocaine€withÏintent€for€resale€and€possession€of€drug€paraphernalia.€€Following€a€review€of€theÏrecord,€we€affirm€the€trial€courtððs€decision€on€both€issues.ÌÌÌò òà@{{#®àI.€€Factual€Backgroundó óˆÐ Ø'Ð # ÐÌà ` àIn€May€of€1996,€a€narcotics€detective€with€the€Dickson€County€Sheriffððs€OfficeÏmaintained€surveillance€of€Rosalind€Thompsonððs€residence€located€at€1020€EvansÏRoad€in€Burns,€Dickson€County.€€Surveillance€persisted€for€four€to€six€weeksÏapproximately€four€days€each€week.€€The€detective€noted€several€vehicles€in€front€of€ÌÐ 3,/ Ðthe€house€that€would€stay€for€short€periods€of€time.€€On€Thursday€and€Friday€nights,Ð &3,1 Ðhe€witnessed€nearly€twenty€(20)€vehicles€at€the€residence.€€ÌÌà ` àAfter€procuring€a€valid€search€warrant€for€the€stated€address,€the€appellantÏand€Rosalind€Thompson€were€found€inside€the€residence€and€two€other€malesÏoutside.€€The€appellant€was€found€in€the€bedroom€which€connects€to€the€bathroomÏwithout€his€shirt€and€shoes€preparing€to€take€a€shower.€€Upon€interviewing€theÏappellant,€he€told€the€officers€he€lived€at€Rosalind€Thompsonððs€house;€and€sheÏtestified€at€his€trial€that€she€was€ð ðseeingðð€the€appellant,€he€was€ð ðstaying€there€off€andÏon,ðð€and€he€had€spent€the€night€on€other€occasions.€€Inside€the€bathroom€in€closeÏproximity€to€the€appellant,€officers€found€a€plastic€bag€containing€crack€cocaine,€aÏsmall€tinfoil€packet€containing€a€small€amount€of€crack€cocaine,€and€a€homemadeÏcrack€pipe€with€cocaine€residue.ÌÌà ` àThe€two€males€outside€the€residence€in€the€driveway€were€Edrick€Weathers,Ïthe€appellantððs€brother,€and€ð ðAnthonyðð€Dwayne€Aulston.€€One€was€sitting€inside€aÏvehicle€and€the€other€was€standing€outside.€€Thompson€testified€while€she€was€atÏwork,€the€two€young€men€and€the€appellant€remained€at€her€house.€€The€officerÏtestified€he€removed€a€cellophane€packet€containing€crack€cocaine€along€with€twoÏpackets€of€one„inch€plastic€bags€from€the€washroom€located€in€the€carport.€TheÏsamples€of€cocaine€tested€from€the€residence€weighed€2.2€grams€and€3.8€grams.€ÏThree€ð ðroachesðð€were€found€in€the€dining€room€in€the€ashtray€which€the€officerÏtestified€ð ðappearedðð€to€be€marijuana.€€Elsewhere€in€the€residence,€the€officer€foundÏrolling€papers.€€€€€€ÌÌà ` àAt€the€conclusion€of€the€stateððs€case„in„chief,€the€appellantððs€counsel€movedÏfor€judgments€of€acquittal€on€all€three€counts.€€The€trial€court€granted€the€motion€withÏregards€to€count€two€of€the€indictment,€possession€of€marijuana,€because€the€field€œñañÌÌÐ X9P28 Ðñañtest›€failed€to€produce€positive€results;€however,€the€motion€was€denied€as€to€theÏother€two€counts.€€Without€presenting€any€proof,€the€appellant€rested.€€The€juryÏfound€the€appellant€guilty€of€both€remaining€counts.€€ÌÌÌò òà@ªª ®àI.€€Introduction€of€Evidenceó óˆÐ ü  ÐÌà ` àFirst,€the€appellant€contends€the€trial€court€erred€by€permitting€the€State€toÏintroduce€evidence€of€marijuana€residue€or€ð ðroachesðð€found€inside€the€residence.€ÏInitially,€the€State€proceeded€to€present€evidence€of€the€possession€of€marijuanaÏcharge€through€testimony€of€the€officer.€€Appellantððs€counsel€objected€to€the€officerððsÏtestimony€on€the€ground€that€the€officer€was€not€qualified€to€determine€whether€theÏitems€identified€€as€ð ðroachesðð€did€in€fact€contain€a€Schedule€œñbñIVñbññcñVIñcñ›€controlled€substance.ÌÌà ` àThe€officer€testified€he€had€seventeen€years€of€law€enforcement€experienceÏincluding€six€years€on€Vice€Squad,€training€at€IPTM€School,€drug€identificationÏschool,€and€narcotics€investigation€schools.€€Moreover,€he€had€arrested€more€thanÏfive€hundred€people€in€Dickson€County€for€narcotics€violations€ranging€fromÏmarijuana€roaches,€crack€cocaine,€and€LSD.€€Ì€€€€€Ìà ` àAt€this€point,€appellantððs€counsel€reiterated€his€objection€stating,€ð ðHe€can€sayÏwhat€it€looks€like,€but€he€canððt€say€what€it€is.€€He€didnððt€perform€any€field€test€on€it.ðð€ÏAppellantððs€counsel€failed€to€object€to€relevancy€of€the€evidence,€failed€to€make€aÏrequest€for€a€jury„out€hearing,€failed€to€ask€for€a€motion€to€strike,€or€request€aÏcurative€instruction.€€Consequently,€the€trial€judge€limited€the€testimony€to€what€theÏð ðroachesðð€appeared€to€be.€€In€fact,€the€officer€testified€that€he€did€perform€a€field€testÏon€the€roaches€which€yielded€a€negative€result.€€He€concluded€the€test€failedÏbecause€of€the€age€of€the€marijuana€or€the€THC€(tetrahydrocannabinol)€level€was€œñdñÌÐ d9\28 Ðñdñlow.›€€€€On€cross„examination,€the€officer€stated€there€was€a€possibility€it€was€notÏmarijuana.€€The€marijuana€was€not€sent€to€the€TBI€crime€lab€for€further€testing.€Ì€€Ìà ` àThe€appellant€avers€the€trial€court€should€have€given€a€curative€instructionÏonce€the€problem€had€fully€developed.€€If€the€trial€court€does€not€give€such€anÏinstruction,€the€appellant€must€request€a€curative€instruction.€€òòState€v.€Mackeyóó,€638Ð ü  ÐS.W.2d€830,€835„36€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.),€òòperm.€to€appeal€deniedóó,€(Tenn.€1982).€€TheÐ ÐÈ  Ðfailure€to€request€the€curative€instruction€constitutes€a€waiver€of€the€issue.€€òòMackeyóó,Ð œ”  Ð638€S.W.2d€at€835„36;€òòseeóó€òòalsoóó€òòState€v.€Tizardóó,€897€S.W.2d€732,€747€(Tenn.€Crim.Ð h` ÐApp.€1994);€òòState€v.€Jonesóó,€733€S.W.2d€517,€522€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.),€òòperm.€toÐ 4, Ðappeal€deniedóó,€(Tenn.€1987).€€Here,€appellantððs€counsel€did€not€request€a€curativeÐ ø Ðinstruction€after€the€introduction€of€the€evidence,€therefore,€the€issue€was€waived.€€ÌÌà ` àNevertheless,€when€the€trial€judge€granted€a€judgment€of€acquittal€for€countÏtwo,€possession€of€marijuana,€he,€in€fact,€did€instruct€the€jury€that€they€were€not€toÏconsider€the€possession€of€marijuana€since€the€field€test€was€negative€producingÏreasonable€doubt€the€substance€was€marijuana.€€It€is€well€settled€in€the€state€ofÏTennessee€that€a€jury€is€presumed€to€have€followed€a€trial€courtððs€curativeÏinstruction.€€òòState€v.€Lawsonóó,€695€S.W.2d€202,€204€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1985);€òòStateÐ `'X $ Ðv.€Blackmonóó,€701€S.W.2d€228,€233€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.),€òòperm.€to€appeal€deniedóó,Ð ,)$"& Ð(Tenn.€1985).€€Here,€the€appellant€complains€from€that€which€he€benefitted€followingÏthe€trial€court€granting€his€motion€for€acquittal€in€count€two.€€The€appellant€has€failedÏto€establish€that€the€jury€did€not€follow€this€instruction.€€€This€issue€is€without€merit.€€ÌÌò òà@®àII.€€Sufficiency€of€the€Evidenceó óˆÐ (2 +0 Ѐ€€€€Ìà ` àSecond,€the€appellant€challenges€the€sufficiency€of€the€evidence€to€sustain€aÏconviction€for€possession€of€cocaine€greater€than€.5€grams€with€the€intent€to€sell€andÏpossession€of€drug€paraphernalia.€€Following€a€jury€conviction,€the€initialÐ d9\28 Ðpresumption€of€innocence€is€removed€from€the€defendant€and€exchanged€for€one€ofÐ d9\28 Ðguilt,€so€that€on€appeal,€the€defendant€has€the€burden€of€demonstrating€theÏinsufficiency€of€the€evidence.€€òòState€v.€Tuggleóó,€639€S.W.2d€913,€914€(Tenn.€1982).€Ð ¨   ÐIt€is€the€duty€of€this€court€to€affirm€the€conviction€unless€the€evidence€adduced€atÏtrial€was€so€deficient€that€no€rational€trier€of€fact€could€have€found€the€essentialÏelements€of€the€offense€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt.€€òòJackson€v.€Virginiaóó,€443€U.S.Ð H@  Ð307,€317,€99€S.Ct.€2781,€2789,€61€L.Ed.2d€560€(1979);€òòState€v.€Cazesóó,€875€S.W.2dÐ (  Ð253,€259€(Tenn.€1994);€Tenn.€R.€App.€P.€13(e).€€€€In€òòState€v.€Matthewsóó,€805€S.W.2dÐ  Ð776,€779€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.),€òòperm.€to€appeal€deniedóó,€(Tenn.€1990),€this€court€heldÐ èà Ðthis€rule€is€applicable€to€findings€of€guilt€predicated€upon€direct€evidence,Ïcircumstantial€evidence,€or€a€combination€of€both€direct€and€circumstantial€evidence.€ÏÌà ` àThis€court€does€not€reweigh€or€reevaluate€the€evidence,€nor€may€we€replaceÏour€inferences€for€those€drawn€by€the€trier€of€fact.€€òòState€v.€Cabbageóó,€571€S.W.2dÐ H!@ Ð832,€835€(Tenn.€1978).€€Furthermore,€the€State€is€entitled€to€the€strongest€legitimateÏview€of€the€evidence€and€all€reasonable€inferences€which€may€be€drawn€therefrom.€ÏòòState€v.€Harrisóó,€839€S.W.2d€54,€75€(Tenn.€1992),€òòcert.€deniedóó,€507€U.S.€954,€113Ð è&à" ÐS.Ct.€1368,€122€L.Ed.2d€746€(1993).€€A€jury€verdict€accredits€the€testimony€of€stateððsÏwitnesses€and€resolves€all€conflicts€in€favor€of€the€stateððs€theory.€€òòState€v.€Williamsóó,Ð ¨* #& Ð657€S.W.2d€405,€410€(Tenn.€1983).€ÌÌò òà@o o ®àA.€€Possession€of€Cocaine€with€Intent€to€Selló óˆÐ H0@), Ðà ` àThe€appellant€argues€that€although€he€admitted€to€living€at€the€residence,ÏThompson€only€stated€that€he€stayed€there€ð ðoff€and€on.ðð€€Also,€the€appellant€Ìcontends€there€was€no€evidence€of€drugs€on€his€person€or€in€the€bedroom€where€heÏwas€found€by€the€officers.€€In€order€to€convict€a€defendant€of€possession€with€intentÏto€sell,€the€State€is€required€to€prove€(1)€the€defendant€knowingly€possessedÐ ¨9 26 Ðcocaine€in€excess€of€.5€grams€and€(2)€the€defendantððs€possession€was€for€theÏpurpose€of€sale.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„17„417€(a)€(4)€(c)€(1)€(1995€Supp.).€ÏPossession€of€a€controlled€substance€can€be€based€on€either€actual€or€constructiveÏpossession.€€òòState€v.€Brownóó,€823€S.W.2d€576,€579€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1991);€òòState€v.Ð ¨   ÐCooperóó,€736€S.W.2d€125,€129€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1987).€€To€constructively€possess€aÐ ˆ€ Ðdrug,€that€person€must€have€ð ðthe€power€and€intention€at€a€given€time€to€exerciseÏdominion€and€control€over€the€drugs€either€directly€or€through€others.ðð€€òòCooperóó,€736Ð H@  ÐS.W.2d€at€129€(quoting€òòState€v.€Williamsóó,€623€S.W.2d€121,€125€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.Ð (  Ð1981)).€€Moreover,€possession€may€be€actual€or€constructive,€either€alone€or€jointlyÏwith€others.€€òòState€v.€Copelandóó,€677€S.W.2d€471,€476€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.),€òòperm.€toÐ èà Ðappeal€deniedóó,€(Tenn.€1984);€òòArmstrongóó€€€òòv.€Stateóó,€548€S.W.2d€334,€337€(Tenn.Ð ÈÀ ÐCrim.€App.€1976),€òòcert.€deniedóó,€(Tenn.€1977).€€If€one€person€alone€has€actual€orÐ ¨  Ðconstructive€possession€of€a€thing,€possession€is€sole.€€If€two€or€more€persons€shareÏactual€or€constructive€possession€of€a€thing,€possession€is€joint.€€€€€A€personððs€mereÏpresence€in€the€area€where€drugs€are€discovered€does€not€show€possession,€andÏneither€will€association€with€the€one€who€is€in€control€of€drugs.€€òòCooperóó,€736€S.W.2dÐ (#  Ðat€129.€€Pursuant€to€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„17„419€(1991),€inferences€may€be€drawnÏof€possession€with€intent€to€sale€from€the€amount€of€the€controlled€substance€alongÏwith€other€relevant€facts€surrounding€the€arrest.ÌÌà ` àThrough€the€officersðð€surveillance,€they€witnessed€numerous€cars€coming€andÏgoing€from€the€residence.€€The€appellant€admitted€to€the€officers€he€lived€at€theÏresidence.€€He€was€left€alone€there€while€Rosalind€Thompson€was€at€work.€€HeÏshared€common€facilities€and€free€access€to€all€rooms.€€The€officers€found€theÏappellant€in€the€bedroom€without€his€shirt€and€shoes€preparing€to€shower.€€In€theÏbathroom,€the€officers€found€a€plastic€bag€and€a€tinfoil€packet€both€containing€crackÏcocaine.€€In€addition,€the€officers€found€two€packets€of€plastic€bags,€one„inch€bags,Ïand€a€cellophane€packet€containing€crack€cocaine.€€Expert€testimony€from€the€crimeÐ ¨9 26 Ðlaboratory€determined€that€the€total€amount€of€cocaine€recovered€weighed€2.2Ïgrams€and€3.8€grams.€€These€combined€factors€constitute€sufficient€proof€to€permit€aÏrational€€juror€to€infer€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt€€that€the€appellant€possessed€theÏcocaine€with€intent€to€sell.Ìœñ^ñÌñ^ñ›€€€€€Ìò òà@±±®àB.€€Possession€of€Drug€Paraphernaliaó óˆÐ h`  Ðà ` àThe€appellantððs€arguments€for€this€conviction€are€the€same€(a)€he€did€notÏreside€in€the€home€and€(b)€there€was€no€drug€paraphernalia€on€his€person€nor€in€theÏbedroom€where€he€was€found.€€In€order€to€convict€the€appellant€of€possessing€drugÏparaphernalia,€the€state€was€required€to€prove€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt€that€heÏ(1)€possessed€with€intent€to€use,€(2)€equipment,€products€or€materials,€(3)€intendedÏfor€ð ð...€packaging,€repackaging,€.€.€.,€containing,€.€.€.,€ingesting,€inhaling,€or€otherwiseÏintroducingðð€a€controlled€substance€into€the€human€body.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðððð€39„¼17„402€(12)€and„425(a)(1)€(Supp.€1995).ÌÌà ` àThe€State€met€its€burden€of€proof€that€the€plastic€bags€and€crack€pipe€wereÏdrug€paraphernalia.€€The€same€constructive€possession€analysis€above€appliesÏhere.€€The€officers€found€the€homemade€crack€pipe€in€the€bathroom€where€theÏappellant€was€proceeding€to€take€a€shower.€€The€officers€also€found€two€packets€ofÏplastic€bags€and€one„inch€bags€in€the€laundry€room€and€rolling€papers€in€theÏresidence€while€he€had€free€access€to€all€rooms€of€the€house.€€Accordingly,€we€holdÏthat€the€record€contains€sufficient€proof€from€which€a€rational€trier€of€fact€could€inferÏthe€appellant€possessed€drug€paraphernaliaÌ€€€Ìà ` àAlthough€the€evidence€in€this€case€was€circumstantial,€a€conviction€may€restÏentirely€upon€circumstantial€evidence.€€òòSeeóó€òòDuhac€v.€Stateóó,€505€S.W.2d€237,€241Ð è5à.2 Ð(Tenn.€1974),€òòcert.€deniedóó,€419€U.S.€877,€95€S.Ct.€141€(1974);€òòState€v.€Haileyóó,€658Ð È7À04 ÐS.W.2d€547,€552€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.),€òòperm.€to€appeal€deniedóó,€(Tenn.€1983).€In€orderÐ ¨9 26 Ðfor€a€conviction€to€stand€based€on€circumstantial€evidence€alone,€€the€facts€must€beÏð ðso€clearly€interwoven€and€connected€that€the€finger€of€guilt€is€pointed€unerringly€atÏthe€defendant€and€the€defendant€alone.ðð€€òòState€v.€Blackóó,€815€S.W.2d€166,€175Ð È À Ð(Tenn.€1991)€(citing€òòState€v.€Duncanóó,€698€S.W.2d€63€(Tenn.€1985)).€€The€weight€toÐ ¨   Ðbe€given€circumstantial€evidence€and€ð ðthe€inferences€to€be€drawn€from€suchÏevidence,€and€the€extent€to€which€the€circumstances€are€consistent€with€guilt€andÏinconsistent€with€innocence,€are€questions€primarily€for€the€jury.ðð€€òòMarable€v.€Stateóó,Ð H@  Ð203€Tenn.€440,€313€S.W.2d€451,€456„57€(1958).Ìœñ_ñÌñ_ñ›œñ`ñÌñ`ñ›à ` àIn€the€case€at€bar,€the€evidence€points€unerringly€at€the€appellant.€€The€onlyÏevidence€presented€at€trial€to€indicate€the€drugs€belonged€to€some€else€was€theÏequivocal€testimony€of€Rosalind€Thompson.€€In€view€of€the€prosecutionððsÏimpeachment€of€this€witness€based€upon€prior€inconsistent€statements€andÏcontradictory€testimony€offered€at€trial€the€jury€was€clearly€entitled€to€give€herÏtestimony€little€if€any€weight.€€€€Therefore,€the€jury€could€easily€infer€from€all€theseÏcircumstances€and€the€close€proximity€of€the€discovered€cocaine€and€drugÏparaphernalia€to€the€appellant€that€his€intention€was€to€exercise€dominion€andÏcontrol€over€it.ÌÌà ` àAfter€a€review€of€the€record,€we€find€no€error€requiring€reversal.€TheÏjudgments€of€conviction€entered€by€the€trial€court€are€affirmed.€€Ô#†XŒ”XXX.Yç#ÔÐ ˆ,€%( ÐÌÌÓÓÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à____________________________________Ìà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àDAVID€G.€HAYES,€JudgeÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÐ :37 ЇCONCUR:ÌÌÌÌ______________________________________ÌñWññVñpauñVññWññXñPAUL€G.€SUMMERS,€JudgeÌÌÌÌ______________________________________ÌñXññYññXñjerryñXññYññZñJERRY€ñZññ[ññZñL.€ñZññ[ññ\ñL.€SMITH,€Judgeñ\ñ