ÿWPC  0# °UN» %  0(b7w@?4“¢ 0Jª 0Tô 0^H 0h¦ 0r 0|€ 0†ü 0‚ 1u 0d‡ AQëÆ< 0D 0@F 0D† U>Ê D/ B7 BT D3q U*¤ B)Î DC÷ AM: 3‡ v~º vÓ8˜HP LaserJet 4SiHPPCL5MS,ü,,,,,ü0nLlÎ(ÈhH  Z ‹6Times New Roman RegularX($¡¡- ù- 0D12D345D6D7)e8Ó€Dn~<$3|xD2 ÿÿ0Indent1Ô2ÔÔ3  Ô2" ÿÿ0Indent2à0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2, ÿÿ0Indent3à0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô26 ÿÿ0Indent4à0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2@ ÿÿ0Indent5à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2J ÿÿ0Indent6à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2T ÿÿ0Indent7à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2^ ÿÿ0Indent8à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô ÿÿ?AGMSYaioIndent0I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)P ÿÿ8Mac DefaultMac DefaultÓ ` °šXÓ !"#%Cþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(3¯$¢¢Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý("ÿÿ$££Ò  ÒÒ  Ò($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó< Œ 9p`(&Times New Roman'''÷ÿ dxd düÿP Pd&&&&'ÿÿdxd< Œ 9p`(Arial% Line 7 d****7Border 1dd "+Cþÿ << Gÿÿ )Ý ƒ!ÝÑ  ÑÑ#€d#ÑÔ€$ÔÝ  ÝÝ ƒ!"ÝÝ  ÝÔ€)ÔÔ€)ÔÓ  ÓÔ YYY ÔFILEDÔ€)XÔÌÌò òAugust€14,€1998ÌÌCecil€Crowson,€Jr.ÌÔ€)ôÔAppellate€Court€Clerkó óPtPtHHÚ(ÿáÿâùFG(üHHÚ(d'hStyl{WP}01•ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà Ãà Ãà Ãà Ãà ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÐ ÐÐHHÐÐ  ÐÐ2ÐÐÿÿ¸æ$ÿÐÐHHÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ  ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÑÑÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÑ € ÑÑ<Px–ÈÑÒÒÒ443!#4ÒÒ$ *$ÒÒ$*$ÒÒ ÿKK ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÓ.,ÓÓÓÓ6ÓÓ ÓßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÒ  h HD: Geneva ÒÒ  h HD: Geneva ÒÝ ƒ!ÝÔ . ÔÔ€$ÔÝ  ÝÒ  ÒÒ X ÒÑ ` ÑÔ€$ŠÔÔ€)ÔÑ\R AØ'\ћрÑÑ7€pXXdìXXdð7ÑÑ  ÑÑ  ÑÓ  Óœò òÙ€ ÙßR€,-+A1-j|)` Å `€€@ÿRß›Þ ÞÌIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEÌÌAT€JACKSONÌÌMAY€SESSION,€1998ÌÌÌÌÓ  ÓSTATE€OF€TENNESSEE,€à àà à)à àC.C.A.€NO.€02C01„9708„CR„00309Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)à àó óÌà àà àAppellee,ò òà àà àà à)à àÌ€€à àà àà àà àà àà à)à àSHELBY€COUNTYÌV.à àà àà àà àà àà à)€€€€€€€Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)à àÌà àà àà àà àà àà à)à àHON.€W.€FRED€AXLEY,€JUDGE€ó óÌÓ  Óò òBRIAN€J.€HUNTER,€à àà àà à)€€€€€€€ó óà àÌà àà àà àà àà àò òà à)ó óà àÌà àà àAppellant.à àà àò òà à)à à(INTERLOCUTORY€APPEAL)Ìó óÌÌÌòòFOR€THE€APPELLANTóó:à àà àà àòòà àFOR€THE€APPELLEEóó:ÌÌò òW.€MARK€WARDà àà àà àà àà àJOHN€KNOX€WALKUP€Ìó ó201€Poplar€Avenue,€Suite€2„01à àà àà àAttorney€General€&€ReporterÌMemphis,€TN€38103Ìò òà àà àà àà àà àà àà àPETER€M.€COUGHLAN€ÌGARLAND€ERGUDENó óà àà àà àà àAssistant€Attorney€GeneralÌ242€Poplar€Avenueà àà àà àà à2nd€Floor,€Cordell€Hull€BuildingÌMemphis,€TN€38103à àà àà àà à425€Fifth€Avenue€NorthÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àNashville,€TN€37243ÌÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àò òJOHN€W.€PIEROTTI€Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àà àó óDistrict€Attorney€General€ÌÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àò òJOHNNY€R.€McFARLANDó óÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àAssistant€District€Attorney€GeneralÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àCriminal€Justice€Center,€Suite€301Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àà à201€Poplar€Avenue€Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àà àMemphis,€TN€38103ÌÌÌÌÌÌOPINION€FILED€________________________ÌÌAFFIRMED€ÌÌTHOMAS€T.€WOODALL,€JUDGEÇÓ  ÓÔ€)°Ôò òòòOPINIONóóó óÔ€)ŠÔÌÌÌÓ  ÓÓÓà àThe€Appellant,€Brian€J.€Hunter,€appeals€by€permission€pursuant€to€Rule€9€ofÏthe€Tennessee€Rules€of€Appellate€Procedure.€€Appellant€was€indicted€for€secondÏdegree€murder€and€was€tried€by€a€jury€in€the€Shelby€County€Criminal€Court.€€At€theÏend€of€the€Stateððs€proof,€the€Appellant€moved€for€a€judgment€of€acquittal€whichÏwas€overruled€by€the€trial€court.€€Following€the€conclusion€of€the€evidence,€the€trialÏcourt,€over€the€objection€of€Appellant,€charged€the€jury€on€the€lesser€grade€offenseÏof€voluntary€manslaughter.€€The€State€did€not€request€the€trial€court€to€charge€theÏlesser€grade€offense€of€voluntary€manslaughter.€€The€jury€was€ultimately€unable€toÏreach€a€verdict.€€When€polled,€the€jury€stated€that€they€found€Appellant€not€guilty€ofÏsecond€degree€murder,€but€were€unable€to€reach€a€verdict€as€to€whether€he€wasÏguilty€of€voluntary€manslaughter.€€The€trial€court€declared€a€mistrial€on€the€voluntaryÏmanslaughter€charge.€€ÌÌà àThe€State€was€prepared€to€retry€Appellant€on€the€voluntary€manslaughterÏcharge,€however,€Appellant€filed€a€Motion€to€Dismiss€the€indictment.€€AppellantÏargued€the€€following€three€issues€in€his€Motion€to€Dismiss:€(1)€the€trial€court€erred€inÏcharging€voluntary€manslaughter;€(2)€the€trial€court€erred€in€charging€a€lesser€gradeÏoffense€since€Appellant€waived€the€right€to€charge€lesser€grade€offenses;€and€(3)€aÏre„trial€on€the€lesser€grade€offense€of€voluntary€manslaughter€would€constituteÍdouble€jeopardy.€€After€taking€Appellantððs€motion€under€advisement,€the€trial€court,€inÏa€written€order€with€findings€of€fact€and€conclusions€of€law,€denied€the€motion.€€ÌÌà àAppellant€subsequently€filed€a€Motion€to€Reconsider€Dismissal€Based€onÏDouble€Jeopardy€and/or€Motion€for€Interlocutory€Appeal.€€After€taking€that€motionÏunder€advisement,€the€trial€court€denied€Appellantððs€Motion€to€Reconsider€DismissalÏbut€granted€Appellantsððs€Motion€for€Interlocutory€Appeal.€€This€Court€subsequentlyÏgranted€Appellantððs€application€for€an€interlocutory€appeal€by€order€enteredÏSeptember€16,€1997.€€€ÌÌà àIn€Appellantððs€Designation€as€to€Appellate€Record,€Appellant€states€thatÏð ðthe€only€issue€to€be€raised€on€appeal€is€whether€double€jeopardy€prevents€theÏretrial€of€the€[Appellant]€for€the€lesser€[grade]€offense€of€voluntary€manslaughter.ðð€ÏHowever,€ÌAppellant€goes€on€to€say€that€ð ð[i]ncident€to€this€inquiry,€[Appellant]€will€challenge€theÏsufficiency€of€the€evidence€presented€at€the€first€trial€to€support€voluntaryÏmanslaughter€and€whether€the€trial€judge€was€obligated€to€and€erred€in€instructingÏthe€jury€as€to€voluntary€manslaughter.ðð€€€€ÌÌà àAn€appeal€is€appropriate€under€Rule€9€of€the€Tennessee€Rules€of€AppellateÏProcedure€if€the€appellant€will€suffer€ð ðirreparable€injury,ðð€if€there€will€otherwise€beÍð ðneedless,€expensive€and€protracted€litigation,ðð€and€if€there€is€a€ð ðneed€to€develop€aÏuniform€body€of€law.ðð€€Although€permission€to€appeal€was€granted€by€this€CourtÏpursuant€to€Rule€9,€we€are€of€the€opinion€that€it€was€improvidently€granted€in€part.€ÏAfter€reviewing€the€issues€presented€by€Appellant,€we€will€not€address€the€issueÏpertaining€to€the€trial€court€charging€the€lesser€grade€offense€of€voluntaryÏmanslaughter.€€Issues€relating€solely€to€prior€proceedings€such€as€evidentiaryÏrulings,€jury€charges,€and€arguments€by€counsel,€are€generally€not€appropriate€forÏappellate€review€under€Rule€9.€€Since€there€is€no€conviction€for€voluntaryÏmanslaughter€in€the€instant€case,€Appellant€cannot€appeal€this€type€issue€by€wayÏof€interlocutory€appeal.€€In€other€words,€the€trial€courtððs€charge€on€voluntaryÏmanslaughter€is€not€presently€an€issue€in€the€pending€case€before€us,€and€weÏtherefore€decline€to€address€it.€€€ÌÌà àAs€to€the€sufficiency€of€the€evidence€of€the€voluntary€manslaughter€charge,Ïwe€find€that€the€evidence€was€not€insufficient€as€a€matter€of€law€to€support€aÏconviction€for€voluntary€manslaughter.€€We€will€briefly€summarize€the€facts€in€thisÏcase€for€the€purposes€of€our€review.€€The€Appellant€and€the€victim,€Bill€Herrington,Ïwere€neighbors€in€an€East€Memphis€apartment€complex.€€On€September€14,Ï1994,€Ford€Beach€was€living€with€the€Appellant,€and€Beach€arrived€at€theÏapartment€between€5:00€and€5:30€p.m.€€Herrington,€Appellant,€and€another€friend,ÏSteve€Fortini,€were€already€there€drinking€and€talking.€€Late€that€afternoon,€thereÍwas€a€scuffle€between€Herrington€and€the€Appellant€in€the€kitchen.€€Herrington€andÏthe€Appellant€then€visited€Herringtonððs€apartment€and€again€became€involved€in€aÏheated€argument,€during€which€Herringtonððs€wife€told€Appellant€to€go€home€afterÏtheir€pushing€and€shoving€caused€wine€to€be€spilled.€€ÌÌà àThat€same€evening,€after€Herrington€had€eaten€dinner€and€taken€a€nap,€heÏreturned€to€the€Appellantððs€apartment€after€Beach€had€gone€to€sleep€on€the€couch.€ÏUpon€entering€the€apartment,€Herrington€told€Beach€that€he€wanted€to€ð ðstraightenÏthings€outðð€with€the€Appellant.€€Appellant€and€Herrington€went€back€into€theÏAppellantððs€bedroom€so€that€Beach€could€sleep.€Beach€heard€nothing€further€fromÏthe€bedroom€until€he€was€awakened€by€the€ð ðclick,€clockðð€noise€of€an€automaticÏpistol€being€ð ðracked.ðð€€Beach€heard€three€shots€in€rapid€succession€as€he€ran€outÏof€the€apartment.€€ÌÌà àAppellant€described€Herrington€that€evening€as€ð ðhostile€and€irate,ðð€angry€thatÏAppellant€had€possibly€told€a€secret€entrusted€to€him€by€Herrington€and€angryÏregarding€Appellantððs€lack€of€concern€over€his€medical€condition.€€During€theirÏdiscussion€in€the€bedroom,€Appellant€excused€himself€to€use€the€bathroom.€€WhenÏhe€returned,€he€saw€Herrington€holding€a€Beretta€which€Appellant€kept€underneathÏhis€bed.€€While€the€gun€was€aimed€away€from€the€Appellant,€Herrington€wasÏdescribing€his€ð ðperfect€planðð€to€kill€the€Appellant.€€Herrington€stuck€the€gun€against€ÍAppellantððs€ear€and€threatened€his€life.€€After€Appellant€begged€for€his€life,ÏHerrington€dropped€the€gun€into€Appellantððs€lap€and€leaned€back€against€the€bed.€ÏWhen€Appellant€tried€to€put€the€gun€away€on€top€of€the€desk,€Herrington€said,Ïð ðSomeone€is€going€to€die€tonight,ðð€and€a€struggle€ensued.€€Three€shots€were€fired€inÏsuccession€during€this€struggle,€then€the€Appellant€ran€to€call€911€and€stayed€thereÏuntil€the€police€arrived.€€€€ÌÌà àVoluntary€manslaughter€is€the€unlawful€and€intentional€or€knowing€killing€of€aÏvictim€as€a€result€of€a€state€of€passion€produced€by€adequate€provocation.€€Tenn.ÏCode€Ann.€ðð€39„13„211.€€It€is€clear€from€the€evidence€presented€that€a€rational€trierÏof€fact€could€have€found€Appellant€guilty€of€voluntary€manslaughter.€€As€a€sideÏnote,€it€can€then€be€said€that€the€trial€court€did€not€err€by€charging€voluntaryÏmanslaughter.€€Ìà àWe€will€now€address€the€merits€of€whether€double€jeopardy€prohibits€retrialÏfor€voluntary€manslaughter€when€the€jury€acquitted€the€Appellant€of€second€degreeÏmurder.€€Over€objection€by€Appellantððs€trial€counsel,€the€trial€court€charged€the€juryÏon€voluntary€manslaughter€in€addition€to€second€degree€murder.€€While€the€trial€courtÏstated€upon€the€record€he€believed€the€Appellant€to€be€guilty€of€murder€in€theÏsecond€degree€or€nothing€else,€he€held€that€òòState€v.€Summerallóó,€926€S.W.2d€272,Ï278„79€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1995),€required€the€trial€court€to€instruct€the€jury€on€theÏcharge€of€voluntary€manslaughter€based€upon€the€evidence.€€Appellant€arguesÍthat€by€virtue€of€the€juryððs€verdict€of€not€guilty€as€to€second€degree€murder,€the€juryÏrejected€at€least€one€of€the€essential€elements€necessary€to€support€a€finding€ofÏguilt€as€to€voluntary€manslaughter.ÌÌà àSecond€degree€murder€is€the€unlawful€and€knowing€killing€of€the€victim.€€Tenn.ÏCode€Ann.€ðð€39„13„210.€€As€mentioned€previously,€voluntary€manslaughter€is€theÏunlawful€and€intentional€or€knowing€killing€of€a€victim€as€a€result€of€a€state€ofÏpassion€produced€by€adequate€provocation.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„13„211.€ÏAppellant€argues€that€the€case€of€òòWhitwell€v.€Stateóó,€520€S.W.2d€338€(Tenn.€1975)Ïis€controlling.€€In€òòWhitwellóó,€the€defendants€were€indicted€and€tried€for€the€grandÏlarceny€of€cattle€and€receiving€and€concealing€stolen€property.€€Defendants€wereÏacquitted€by€the€jury€of€grand€larceny€and€the€jury€expressly€determined€that€theÏdefendants€did€not€know€that€they€were€stealing€the€cattle.€€The€jury€was€unable€toÏreach€a€verdict€on€the€charges€of€receiving€and€concealing€stolen€property€or€theÏlesser€charges€of€petit€larceny.€€A€mistrial€was€declared€by€the€trial€court.€€TheÏdefendants€appealed€on€the€basis€that€€the€juryððs€verdict€nullified€the€criminal€intentÏelement€essential€for€their€conviction€and,€therefore,€double€jeopardy€principlesÏwould€be€violated€if€they€were€retried.€€The€Tennessee€Supreme€Court€held€thatÏð ðthe€juryððs€finding€a€lack€of€intent€to€steal€clearly€exonerates€defendants€of€anÏessential€element€of€petit€larceny,ðð€and€remanded€the€case€to€the€trial€court€toÏdismiss€all€charges.€€òòIdóó.€at€344.ÌÌà àAppellantððs€case€differs€from€that€of€òòWhitwellóó€in€that€the€only€difference€in€theÏelements€of€the€offenses€of€grand€and€petit€larceny€at€that€time€was€the€monetaryÏamount€of€property€taken€by€the€defendants.€€There€is€not€a€separate€element€asÏthere€is€in€the€case€òòsubóó€òòjudiceóó.€€As€the€State€correctly€points€out€in€its€brief,€the€juryÏcould€have€found€that€both€elements€of€second€degree€murder€were€met€and€stillÏacquit€of€second€degree€murder,€so€long€as€the€jury€found€the€Appellant€acted€in€aÏstate€of€passion€produced€by€adequate€provocation.€€This€additional€element€ofÏpassion€produced€by€adequate€provocation€reduces€second€degree€murder€to€Ïvoluntary€manslaughter,€even€though€all€elements€of€second€degree€murder€haveÏbeen€met.€€Also,€Appellant€justified€his€actions€as€self„defense€at€trial.€€Self„defenseÏimplies€Appellant€had€at€least€a€ð ðknowingðð€mental€state€in€order€to€commit€a€killingÏof€another€human€being.€€The€verdict€of€acquittal€as€to€second€degree€murder€in€thisÏcase€does€not€mandate€a€finding€that€the€jury€determined€the€element€of€aÏð ðknowingðð€killing€to€be€absent.ÌÌà àA€more€recent€case€distinguishes€òòWhitwellóó€and€holds€that€ð ðthe€doubleÏjeopardy€clauses€of€the€state€and€federal€constitutions€do€not€preclude€retrial€of€aÏdefendant€after€a€mistrial€was€declared€at€an€earlier€trial€because€the€jury€could€notÏreach€a€verdict€on€defendantððs€guilt€of€lesser€offenses€included€in€the€crime€for€whichÏhe€was€indicted.ðð€€òòState€v.€Seagrovesóó,€691€S.W.2d€537,€541€(Tenn.€1985).€€TheÍcourt€pointed€out€in€òòSeagrovesóó€that€the€defendant€in€òòWhitwellóó€was€either€guilty€ofÏthe€greater€offense€of€no€offense€at€all.€€Such€is€not€the€true€in€the€case€òòsubóó€òòjudiceóó.€ÏAccordingly,€we€find€no€violation€of€Appellantððs€constitutional€rights€against€doubleÏjeopardy.€€ÌÌà àWe€affirm€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court.ÌÌÓÓà àà àà àà àà à____________________________________Ìà àà àà àà àà àTHOMAS€T.€WOODALL,€JudgeÌÌÌÌCONCUR:ÌÌÌ___________________________________ÌJOHN€H.€PEAY,€JudgeÌÌÌ___________________________________ÌDAVID€G.€HAYES,€JudgeÌÌÌ