ÿWPC¯ ªtšÐñ6£./æØ°b¡”DÌÊ’ˆ¹ÒM u2a.j”ôà©ä*´$m/»î"á+ÁþפýH0¡z Çß–jÉèøÁZ@Ï” —f4¶|aÕüGÀ,p4àó•"ךº§ñ5qrÐ]WϺ:¦Sä5˲F˜½S‚÷‘†¨,ج3ßàË–ƹÎ÷g (±3Xñí'¦ 6-Êõz‘¨“ÏØE 8åyÍð¿¼]ÆËøy€D¦¸Å&Ñ@›ˆd7–odZöš2$ebÖÂC&¾ð î$’vœ¢ÆËhl/”dèR’"9ž§ÙÜ/ì¯àƬœÖKÑß"W%]Ep¾,­ÒSÁb” un}2ç¿6r>»0!2Òä9öW å=(„®ù›:H këg~k×_‡£6Q}M¨0Ïäȸ«ÙD…´L£kNM. o°üü\Œ¦PYo½s1:£WU)Îj…ÉBH¥Q.­ÿ}Ã÷ÖžF©USéSüŠÈ Ø¼0Xz ²_ãÿ4©`»7¸ –¦ÏžŽz© ¸Æ¥ðß„³dëƒm5"ÃI­Š›åÙÐGæ¥Ðûߨ¬aÂk9†0Ã,óvìÁÇPu™Û^4í4Ÿ!Ùð…# F %Q UNW 0Æ¥ k 4s ‡ – U:ž w@Ø U: êR U:<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< Bvvvvv D3“““ 0DÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆÆ AO ÆYY 0D D/c B’˜HP LaserJet 4SiHPPCL5MS,ü,,,,,ü0nLhÎX(ÖÃ9 Z ‹6Times New Roman Regular(žjÆ$¡¡Ñ` ` ÑÑÜÜÑÒ4°ÒÒX°ÒÑTR[  AØ'ÿ Legal[  AØ'ÿ Legal AØ'ÿ Legal AØ'ÿ LegalTÑÓÓuM%x3|xÑ , øð AZ"Arial Regular ¿ DÀ UÁ D Uà UÄ CeÅ EÆ Ç DÈ Ó€,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular àÔ€ X#öXXXÔÔ€ eX X#öÔÓ  Óò òÔ Ad ÔFILEDÔ€ X#öX eÔÐ  ÐÌSeptember€10,€1998ÌÌCecil€W.€CrowsonÌAppellate€Court€ClerkÔdAMÔó ó,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular d%%%%'ÿÿdxd(3¯$££Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý€-‚ƒCþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó„„'÷ÿ dxdüÿP PdÝ ƒjÆ!ÝÑ` °ÑÑܰÑÒ4°ÒÒX°ÒÑTR[  AØ'ÿ Legal3Ø' AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÓÓÝ  ÝñÄ ñ›ñÄ ññÄ ñ›ñÄ ñÑ7€gXdìdÈ7ÑÑ  ÑÔ€ X#öXXXÔñÈ ñœßr€ *<,(j 8` `€€@E f ` 8ttxPX` ð  rß›ñÈ ñà@g g ÚàòòIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEóóˆÐ `  Ðà@*ÚàòòAT€NASHVILLEóóˆÐ , Ì Ðà@ââ'ÚàAPRIL€1998€SESSIONˆÌÌSTATE€OF€TENNESSEE,à ” àà ì à*à D àC.C.A.€#€€01C01„9707„CR„00236Ð 0 Ðà Œ àà ä àAppellee,à ” àà ì à*à D àDAVIDSON€COUNTYÐ \ü  ÐVS.à Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àà ì à*à D àHon.€Thomas€H.€Shriver,€JudgeÐ (È  ÐÓÓWILLIAM€JETT,€JR.,à ” àà ì à*à D à(Stalking)Ð ô”  ÐÌà Œ àà ä àAppellant.à ” àà ì à*Ð À` ÐÌÌÌÌÌòòFor€Appellantóó:à < àà ” àà ì àà D àòòFor€Appelleeóó:Ð $Ä ÐÌTerry€J.€Canady,€Attorney€à ” àà ì àà D àJohn€Knox€WalkupÐ ð Ð211€Printers€Alley€Buildingà ” àà ì àà D àAttorney€General€and€ReporterÐ Öv ÐSuite€400€à ä àà < àà ” àÐ ¼ \ ÐNashville,€TN€€37201„1414à ì àà D àMarvin€E.€Clements,€Jr.€Ð ¢!B Ðà Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àà ì àà D àAssistant€Attorney€GeneralÌà Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àà ì àà D àCriminal€Justice€Division€Ìà Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àà ì àà D àCordell€Hull€Building,€Second€FloorÌà Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àà ì àà D à425€Fifth€Avenue€NorthÌà Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àà ì àà D àNashville,€TN€€37243„0493ÌÌà Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àà ì àà D àS.€Carran€Daughtrey€Ìà Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àà ì àà D àandÌà Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àà ì àà D àKymberly€HaasÌà Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àà ì àà D àAssistant€District€Attorneys€GeneralÌà Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àà ì àà D à222€Second€Avenue€NorthÌà Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àà ì àà D àSuite€500€Ìà Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àà ì àà D àNashville,€TN€€37201ÌÌÌÌOPINION€FILED:__________________________ÌÌÌÌAFFIRMEDÌÌÌÌGARY€R.€WADE,€JUDGEÐ  8¸.4 ÐÓÓà@33-ÚàòòOPINIONóóˆÐ `  Ðà Œ àà ä àThe€defendant,€William€Jett,€Jr.,€was€convicted€of€Class€C€felonyÏstalking.€€The€trial€court€imposed€a€Range€II,€seven„year€sentence€which€is€to€beÏserved€consecutively€to€a€prior€sentence€he€is€serving€as€the€result€of€a€probationÏviolation.€€In€this€appeal€of€right,€the€defendant€challenges€the€sufficiency€of€theÏevidence,€complains€that€the€trial€court€erred€by€refusing€to€instruct€the€jury€on€theÏcrime€of€harassment€and€argues€that€the€jury€was€improperly€informed€of€his€priorÏconviction€for€stalking.€€We€find€no€error€and€affirm€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court.€€ÌÌà Œ àà ä àThe€defendant€and€the€victim,€Jamie€Carter,€initiated€a€relationship€inÏMarch€of€1994€and€began€to€live€together€at€the€victim's€residence€in€March€1995.€ÏOn€July€22,€1995,€the€defendant€had€an€argument€with€the€eleven„year„old€daughterÏof€the€victim.€€In€consequence,€the€victim€then€directed€the€defendant€to€leave€andÏasked€him€not€to€call,€write,€or€otherwise€communicate€with€her.€€The€defendant€leftÏbut€remarked€that€"it€wasn't€over€yet...."€€ÌÌà Œ àà ä àOn€August€30,€1995,€the€victim€received€three€telephone€calls.€€SheÏdid€not€answer€and€no€message€was€left€on€the€voice€mail€system.€€On€the€followingÏday,€there€was€another€call.€€Again,€no€message€was€left.€€Shortly€thereafter,€theÏdefendant€left€a€recorded€message€for€the€victim,€acknowledging€that€he€should€notÏhave€called.€€He€expressed€his€love€for€her€and€asked€her€"not€to€get€him€in€troubleÏfor€calling."€€The€victim€continued€to€receive€calls€later€that€evening;€three€messagesÏwere€left€from€a€Nashville€pay€phone€by€a€disguised€voice.€€In€these€recordings,€theÏcaller€left€word€that€he€was€"coming€for€her,"€out€to€"get€her,"€and€going€to€"blow€herÏup."€€ÌÌà Œ àà ä àIt€was€the€victim's€opinion€that€the€defendant€had€left€the€messages.€Ð 8¸.4 ÐHer€conclusion€was€based€upon€the€caller's€utilization€of€phrases€commonly€used€byÏthe€defendant€and€his€obvious€knowledge€of€information€personal€to€the€victim.€€TheÏrecordings€included€threats€to€rape,€kill,€and€"rip€the€insides€out"€of€the€victim.€€TheÏcaller€stated€that€he€enjoyed€watching€the€victim€and€would€enjoy€hurting€her.€€TheÏvictim€estimated€at€twelve€the€number€of€hang„up€telephone€calls€she€receivedÏduring€the€course€of€that€particular€day.€€There€were€other€calls€involving€eitherÏhangups€or€messages€by€a€disguised€voice.€€The€calls€continued€throughÏSeptember€8.€€In€a€call€from€a€pay€phone,€a€disguised€voice€left€the€followingÏmessage:€€ÌÓÓà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àListen€to€what€I€say.€€You€and€Bill€better€get€backÏtogether€or€people€will€get€hurt.€€Work€it€out€or€pay€theÏprice.€€Ð ä Ð ä Ð  ÐÌÌÌÓÓà Œ àà ä àThe€victim€had€not€received€any€threatening€or€harassing€calls€beforeÏAugust€30€and€did€not€receive€any€after€September€8.€€During€this€period,€the€victimÏchanged€her€telephone€number€four€times;€on€the€last€change,€she€told€no€one€ofÏher€new€number,€including€her€daughter.€€When€the€calls€persisted,€the€victim€andÏher€daughter€moved€to€the€residence€of€a€friend,€Mickey€Walker,€for€a€period€of€sixÏto€eight€weeks€in€September€and€October.Ìà Œ àà ä àÌà Œ àà ä àDuring€this€time,€the€victim€was€employed€by€the€Baptist€Hospital€inÏNashville.€€Timothy€Harrington,€a€security€officer€at€the€hospital,€had€been€briefedÏabout€a€possible€situation€involving€the€victim€on€September€8.€€He€observed€theÏdefendant€at€the€victim's€place€of€work€the€next€day,€only€a€short€time€after€aÏtelephone€call€had€been€received€by€a€hospital€receptionist.€€The€telephoneÏequipment€indicated€that€the€call€had€been€made€from€inside€the€hospital.€€TheÏcaller€asked€for€the€victim.€€After€learning€of€the€call,€Harrington€saw€the€defendant,Ïwho€had€parked€his€car€on€a€public€street,€walk€three€of€the€levels€inside€the€hospitalÐ 8¸.4 Ðemployee€parking€garage.€€The€garage€required€an€access€card.€€When€confrontedÏby€Harrington,€the€defendant€claimed€that€he€was€there€to€see€an€orthopedist€aboutÏhis€knee.€€The€orthopedic€group€he€referred€to€no€longer€had€an€office€near€the€Ïgarage.€€After€this€incident,€the€victim€swore€out€a€warrant€against€the€defendant€forÏstalking.€€ÌÌà Œ àà ä àAt€trial,€Mickey€Walker€testified€that€when€she€learned€of€theÏthreatening€calls,€she€gave€permission€to€the€victim€and€her€daughter€to€stay€withÏher€and€her€husband€at€night.€€Ms.€Walker€recalled€that€the€defendant€made€severalÏcalls€to€her€residence,€professing€love€for€the€victim€and€expressing€his€desire€to€getÏher€back.€€She€remembered€that€the€defendant€left€word€for€the€victim€to€page€orÏtelephone€either€him€or€his€mother.€€She€estimated€that€the€defendant€calledÏbetween€two€and€three€times€a€day€from€August€31€to€September€8.€€Ms.€WalkerÏtestified€that€the€defendant€became€angry€when€the€victim€was€not€there€andÏdemanded€to€know€her€whereabouts.€€She€informed€the€defendant,€who€hadÏthreatened€to€destroy€the€victim's€flowers,€that€the€victim€was€staying€with€her€atÏnight.€€Ms.€Walker€testified€that€the€defendant€continued€to€call€her€residence€evenÏthough€he€had€been€asked€not€to€do€so.€€€€ÌÌà Œ àà ä àBobby€Comfort€testified€that€on€September€1,€he€had€seen€theÏdefendant€walking€out€of€a€video€store€in€the€Fairview€area€where€the€victim€resided.€ÏA€clerk€in€the€store,€Amy€White,€testified€that€on€that€date,€a€male€had€rented€someÏitems€and€charged€them€to€the€victim's€account.€€The€time€of€the€transaction€wasÏ8:56€P.M.€€ÌÌà Œ àà ä àJoyce€LaTrina€Johnson,€a€receptionist€and€clerical€worker€at€the€foodÏcourt€at€Baptist€Hospital,€answered€several€telephone€calls€during€that€period.€€SheÐ 8¸.4 Ðwas€familiar€with€a€male€voice€who€had€made€previous€calls€to€the€victim€at€theÏhospital.€€When€she€received€a€call€on€September€8,€Ms.€Johnson€contactedÏsecurity€and€the€defendant€was€eventually€arrested.€€On€cross„examination,€Ms.ÏJohnson€admitted€that€she€did€not€know€whether€the€defendant€was€the€person€whoÏhad€made€the€telephone€calls.€€She€did€say,€however,€that€only€one€male€voice€hadÏever€telephoned€the€victim€at€the€hospital.€€Ms.€Johnson€explained€that€she€choseÏnot€to€inform€the€victim€of€the€September€8€call€because€"we€didn't€want€to€alarmÏher."€€€€ÌÌà Œ àà ä àThe€defendant€did€not€testify.€€He€did€not€offer€any€witnesses€in€hisÏdefense.ÌÌà@¾¾0ÚàIˆÌà Œ àà ä àInitially,€the€defendant€contends€that€no€rational€trier€of€fact€could€haveÏfound€the€essential€elements€of€stalking€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt.€€He€maintainsÏthat€the€victim€never€knew€the€defendant€was€following€her.€ÌÌà Œ àà ä àOn€appeal,€the€state€is€entitled€to€the€strongest€legitimate€view€of€theÏevidence€and€all€reasonable€inferences€which€might€be€drawn€therefrom.€€òòState€v.Ð ¸)X $ ÐCabbageóó,€571€S.W.2d€€832,€835€(Tenn.€1978).€€The€credibility€of€the€witnesses,€theÐ „+$"& Ðweight€to€be€given€their€testimony,€and€the€reconciliation€of€conflicts€in€the€evidenceÏare€matters€entrusted€exclusively€to€the€jury€as€the€trier€of€fact.€€òòByrge€v.€Stateóó,€575Ð /¼%* ÐS.W.2d€292,€295€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1978).€€A€conviction€may€only€be€set€aside€whenÏthe€reviewing€court€finds€that€the€"evidence€is€insufficient€to€support€the€finding€byÏthe€trier€of€fact€of€guilt€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt."€€Tenn.€R.€App.€P.€13€(e).€€A€juryÏverdict,€approved€by€the€trial€judge,€accredits€the€testimony€of€the€witnesses€for€theÏstate€and€resolves€all€conflicts€in€favor€of€the€theory€of€the€prosecution.€€òòState€v.Ð 8¸.4 ÐHatchettóó,€560€S.W.2d€627,€630€(Tenn.€1978).Ð `  ÐÌà Œ àà ä àThe€statute€prohibiting€stalking€provides€as€follows:ÌÓÓà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àò òStalking.„„ó ó(a)(1)€A€person€commits€the€offense€ofÐ Äd Ðstalking€òòwho€intentionally€and€repeatedly€follows€orÐ °P Ðharasses€another€person€in€such€a€manner€as€wouldÏcause€that€person€to€be€in€reasonable€fear€of€beingÏassaulted,€suffering€bodily€injury€or€deathóó.€€Ðb ä Ð ä Ð  ÐñÄ ñœ›ñÄ ñà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àAs€used€in€this€ñÄ ñœñÄ ñsubsection:Ð ä Ð ä Ð  ÐñÄ ñ›ñÄ ñà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#à€€€(A)€"Follows"€means€maintaining€a€visual€or€physicalÏproximity€over€a€period€of€time€to€a€specific€person€inÏsuch€a€manner€as€would€cause€a€reasonable€person€toÏhave€a€fear€of€an€assault,€bodily€injury€or€death;€Ð ä Ð ä Ð  Ðà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#à€€€(B)€"Harasses"€means€a€course€of€conduct€directed€atÏa€specific€person€which€would€cause€a€reasonableÏperson€to€fear€an€assault,€bodily€injury,€or€death,Ïincluding,€but€not€limited€to,€verbal€threats,€writtenÏthreats,€vandalism,€or€unconsented„to€physical€contact;Ïand€Ð ä Ð ä Ð  Ðà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#à€€€(C)€ñÄ ñœñÄ ñ"Repeatedly"ñÄ ñ›ñÄ ñ€means€on€two€(2)€or€more€separateÏoccasions.€€ñÄ ñœñÄ ññ ñÐ ä Ð ä Ð  Ðñ ñÌñÄ ñ›ñÄ ñà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#à(b)(1)€ñÄ ñœñÄ ñStalkingñÄ ñ›ñÄ ñ€is€a€Class€A€misdemeanor.€Ð ä Ð ä Ð  Ðà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àñÄ ñœñÄ ñ(2)ñ ñ›ñ ñ€AñÄ ñ›ñÄ ñ€second€or€subsequent€violation€of€subsection€(a)Ïoccurring€ñÄ ñœñÄ ñwithinñÄ ñ›ñÄ ñ€seven€(7)€years€of€the€prior€conviction€isÏa€Class€E€felony.€€òòA€second€or€subsequent€violation€ofÐ Ž". Ðsubsection€(a)€involving€the€same€victim€and€occurringÏwithin€seven€(7)€years€of€the€prior€conviction€is€a€Class€CÏfelonyóó.€€ñÄ ñœñÄ ññà ñÐ@%àä Ð ä Ð  Ðñà ññÄ ñ›ñÄ ñÌà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#à€€€(c)€ñÄ ñœñÄ ñTheñÄ ñ›ñÄ ñ€provisions€of€this€section€shall€not€be€construedÏto€prohibit€following€another€person€during€the€course€ofÏa€lawful€business€activity.€€Ð ä Ð ä Ð  ÐÌTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„17„315€(emphasis€added).ÌÌÌÌÓÓà Œ àà ä àWhile€conceding€that€stalking€may€be€established€by€"following€òòoróóÐ <.Ü$) Ðharassing,"€the€defendant€asserts€that€the€indictment€charged€"repeatedly€followedÏòòandóó€harassed"€and€thus€placed€the€burden€on€the€state€to€prove€that€the€defendantÐ Ô1t(- Ðboth€followed€òòandóó€harassed€the€victim.€€The€defendant€also€contends€that€the€stateÐ  3@*/ Ðproved€neither€following€nor€harassing.€€Because,€he€asserts,€the€victim€did€notÏknow€that€she€was€being€followed€at€the€hospital,€she€could€not€have€been€in€fear€ofÏan€assault€at€that€time.Ð 9¤/5 Їà Œ àà ä àThe€tapes€of€the€telephone€messages€were€played€for€the€jury.€€TheyÏcontained€the€threats€made€against€the€victim€and€the€suggestion€that€she€wasÏbeing€followed.€€Because€she€was€familiar€with€certain€phrases€unique€to€theÏdefendant€and€some€of€the€subject€matter€was€of€a€personal€nature,€the€victim€wasÏable€to€express€an€opinion€that€the€defendant€ñÄ ñœñÄ ñwasñÄ ñ›ñÄ ñ€the€caller.€€Later,€a€securityÏworker€found€the€defendant€in€the€secured€employee€parking€garage€at€the€BaptistÏHospital,€where€the€victim€worked,€shortly€after€a€receptionist€received€a€call€for€theÏvictim.€€The€call€was€made€on€a€hospital€telephone.€€The€receptionist€recognized€theÏmale€voice€as€one€that€had€previously€contacted€the€victim€regularly.€€There€wasÏproof€that€the€defendant€was€near€the€victim's€residence€on€September€1€and€proof,Ïof€course,€that€he€was€at€the€hospital€on€September€8.€€The€nature€of€the€telephoneÏcalls€during€that€period€warranted€a€fearful€reaction€by€the€victim.€€In€our€view,€theÏproof,€circumstantial€and€otherwise,€is€sufficient€for€the€jury€to€have€concluded€thatÏthe€victim€had€been€both€followed€and€harassed,€within€their€statutory€definitions,€onÏa€repeated€basis.€€ñÄ ñœñÄ ñÌñÄ ñ›ñÄ ñÌà@¢¢/ÚàIIˆÌà Œ àà ä àNext,€the€defendant€contends€that€the€trial€court€should€have€chargedÏthe€lesser€offense€of€harassment:ÌÓÓà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àò òHarassment.„„ó ó(a)€A€person€commits€an€offense€whoÐ „+$"& Ðintentionally:Ð ä Ð ä Ð  Ðà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#à€€€(1)€Threatens,€by€telephone€or€in€writing,€to€take€actionÏknown€to€be€unlawful€against€any€person,€and€by€thisÏaction€knowingly€annoys€or€alarms€the€recipient;€Ð ä Ð ä Ð  Ðà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#à€€€(2)€Places€one€(1)€or€more€telephone€callsÏanonymously,€or€at€an€inconvenient€hour,€or€in€anÏoffensively€repetitious€manner,€or€without€a€legitimateÏpurpose€of€communication,€and€by€this€action€knowinglyÏannoys€or€alarms€the€recipient;€or€Ð ä Ð ä Ð  Ðà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#à€€€(3)€Communicates€by€telephone€to€another€that€aÏrelative€or€other€person€has€been€injured,€killed€or€is€illÏwhen€such€communication€is€known€to€be€false.€Ð ä Ð ä Ð  Ðà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#à€€€(b)€A€violation€of€this€section€is€a€Class€AÏmisdemeanor.Ð ä Ð ä Ð  ÐÐ 9¤/5 ÐTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„17„308.€€ÓÓWhile€the€state€concedes€that€the€trial€court€hadÏannounced€that€the€crime€of€harassment€would€not€be€instructed€to€the€jury,€it€takesÏthe€position€that€the€ñÄ ñœñÄ ñfailureñÄ ñ›ñÄ ñ€to€include€all€of€the€instructions€in€the€record€results€in€aÏwaiver€of€the€issue.€€Tenn.€R.€App.€P.€13(c);€Tenn.€Ct.€Crim.€App.€10(b).€€The€stateÏhad€argued€previously€that€harassment€is€not€a€lesser€ñÄ ñœñÄ ñoffense€becauseñÄ ñ›ñÄ ñ€of€theÏdiffering€elements.€€ÌÌà Œ àà ä àThe€trial€court€made€the€following€comment€while€denying€a€motion€byÏthe€defendant€for€acquittal:€€ÌÓÓà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àI€think€you've€got€a€whole€lot€better€case€with€telephoneÏharassment€than€you€do€with€stalking.€€But€you€don'tÏwant€that€charged.€€And€I„„really€in€reviewing€it,€I€supposeÏit's€not,€strictly€speaking,€a€lesser€included€offense,Ïalthough€I€think€that's€what€you've€proved....Ð ä Ð ä Ð  ÐÌÌÌÓÓà Œ àà ä àThe€trial€judge€has€a€duty€to€give€a€complete€charge€of€the€lawÏapplicable€to€the€facts€of€the€case.€€òòState€v.€¢Harbison£óó,€704€¢S.W.2d£€314,€319€(Tenn.€Ð ˆ"( Ð1986).€€It€is€settled€law€that€when€"there€are€any€facts€that€are€susceptible€ofÏinferring€guilt€of€any€lesser€included€offense€or€offenses,€then€there€is€a€mandatoryÏduty€upon€the€trial€judge€to€charge€on€such€offense€or€offenses.€€Failure€to€do€soÏdenies€a€defendant€his€constitutional€right€of€trial€by€a€jury."€€òòState€v.€Wrightóó,€618Ð ¸)X $ ТS.W.2d£€310,€315€(Tenn.€¢Crim£.€App.€1981)€(citations€omitted);€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ððÏ40„18„110(a).€ÌÌà Œ àà ä àIn€òòState€v.€Trustyóó,€919€S.W.2d€305,€310€(Tenn.€1996),€our€supremeÐ è0ˆ', Ðcourt€set€forth€guidance€on€how€to€determine€whether€one€offense€is€a€lesserÏoffense€of€another:€€ÌÓÓà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àTennessee€law€recognizes€two€types€of€lesser€offensesÏthat€may€be€included€in€the€offense€charged€in€theÏindictment:€offenses€necessarily€included€in€theÏindictment€and€offenses€that€are€lesser€grades€of€theÐ þ8ž/5 Ðcharged€offense.€€An€offense€is€ñÄ ñœñÄ ñnecessarilyñÄ ñ›ñÄ ñ€included€inÏthe€indictment€...€only€if€the€elements€of€the€includedÏoffense€are€a€subset€of€the€elements€of€the€chargedÏoffense€and€only€if€the€greater€offense€cannot€beÏcommitted€without€also€committing€the€lesser€offense.€Ð ä Ð ä Ð  ÐÌ€òòId.óó€€ÓÓIn€that€case,€our€supreme€court€also€provided€guidance€on€how€to€determineÐ Äd Ðwhether€an€offense€is€a€lesser€grade€or€class€of€the€offense€charged:€€"[o]ne€needÏonly€look€to€the€statutes€to€determine€whether€a€given€offense€is€a€lesser€grade€orÏclass€of€the€crime€charged."€€òòId.óó€at€310.€€The€court€observed€that€the€legislature€hasÐ (È  Ðdivided€criminal€homicide€"into€the€grades€of€first„degree€murder,€second„degreeÏmurder,€voluntary€manslaughter,€criminally€negligent€homicide,€and€vehicularÏhomicide."€€òòId.óóÐ Œ, ÐÔ‡ XãÕXX XãÕÔÌà Œ àà ä àThis€Ô#† XãÕXX XãÕàJ#Ôcourt€has€previously€held€that€harassment€is€not€a€lesser€includedÐ $Ä Ðoffense€of€stalking.€€òòSee€State€v.€Gregory€Jay€Hoxieóó,€No.€03C01„9506„CR„00183,Ð ð Ðslip€op.€at€12„13€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,€at€Knoxville,€Nov.€7,€1996),€òòaff'dóó,€963€S.W.2dÐ ¼ \ Ð737€(Tenn.€1998).€€In€ñÄ ñœñÄ ñòòTrustyóó,ñÄ ñ›ñÄ ñ€it€was€held€that€an€offense€is€"necessarily€included€inÐ ˆ"( Ðthe€indictment€...€only€if€the€elements€of€the€included€offense€are€a€subset€of€theÏelements€of€the€charged€offense€and€òòonly€if€the€greater€offense€cannot€beÐ  &À  Ðcommitted€without€also€committing€the€lesser€offenseóó."€€òòTrustyóó,€919€S.W.2d€at€310Ð ì'Œ" Ð(emphasis€added).€€ñÄ ñœñÄ ñBecause€one€may€commit€stalking€without€committingÏharassment,€harassment€is€not€a€lesser€included€offense€of€stalking.€€ÌÌà Œ àà ä àHarassmentñÄ ñ›ñÄ ñ€requires€(1)€€communication€which€threatens€unlawfulÏaction€against€another,€(2)€€ñÄ ñœñÄ ñrepetitiveñÄ ñ›ñÄ ñ€or€inconvenient€phone€calls,€or€ñÄ ñœñÄ ñ(3)ñÄ ñ›ñÄ ññÄ ñœñÄ ñ€ñÄ ñ›ñÄ ññÄ ñœñÄ ñfalseÏcommunicationñÄ ñ›ñÄ ñ€that€a€relative€or€other€person€has€been€injured,€killed€or€is€ill.€€Tenn.ÏCode€Ann.€ðð€39„17„308.€€Stalking€requires€intentionally€and€repeatedly€following€orÏharassing€another€in€such€a€manner€as€would€cause€that€person€to€be€in€reasonableÏfear€of€being€assaulted,€suffering€bodily€injury€or€death.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„17„Ð 8¸.4 Ð315.€€ñÄ ñœñÄ ñWhileñÄ ñ›ñÄ ñ€the€stalking€statute€mentions€the€word€"harass,"€the€term€has€beenÏdefined€differently€in€the€stalking€statute€than€in€the€harassment€statute.€€ForÏharassment€to€constitute€stalking,€it€must€be€a€"course€of€conduct€directed€at€aÏspecific€person€which€would€cause€a€reasonable€person€to€fear€an€assault,€bodilyÏinjury€or€death,€including,€but€not€limited€to€verbal€threats,€written€threats,€vandalism,Ïor€unconsented„to€physical€contact."€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„17„315(a)(1)(B).€€ñÄ ñœñÄ ñÌÌà Œ àà ä àOneñÄ ñ›ñÄ ñ€can€commit€stalking,€as€defined€in€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„17„315,Ïwithout€committing€harassment,€as€defined€in€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„17„308.€€ForÏexample,€one€could€commit€stalking€by€vandalizing€the€victim's€property.€€SuchÏconduct€would€not€also€amount€to€harassment€under€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„17„308.€ÏBecause€stalking€can€be€committed€without€committing€the€offense€of€harassment,Ïharassment€is€not€a€lesser€included€offense.€€òòTrustyóó,€919€S.W.2d€at€309.€Ð ð ÐÌà Œ àà ä àNo€determination€was€made€in€òòHoxieóó€as€to€whether€harassment€couldÐ ˆ"( Ðbe€a€lesser€grade€offense€of€stalking.€€We€must€conclude€that€it€is€not.€€€òòSeeóó€òòTrustyóó,Ð T$ô Ð919€S.W.2d€at€310.€€Both€stalking€and€harassment€are€Class€A€misdemeanors.€€InÏconsequence,€neither€is€a€lesser€grade€than€the€other.€€Enhancement€to€felonyÏstatus€only€occurs€where€one€has€been€previously€convicted€of€stalking€within€sevenÏyears.€€While€both€offenses€are€codified€in€Title€39,€Chapter€17,€Part€3,€it€is€doubtfulÏthat€òòTrustyóó's€"lesser€grade"€analysis€would€be€applicable€to€this€part€of€the€Code.€Ð P-ð#( ÐThe€offenses€of€obstructing€highway€or€other€passageway,€disrupting€meeting€orÏprocession,€riot,€disorderly€conduct,€civil€rights€intimidation,€public€intoxication,€ñÄ ñœñÄ ñetc.,ñÄ ñ›ñÄ ñÏare€also€codified€in€that€chapter.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€39„17„301€et€seq.€€All€ofÐ ´2T). Ðthese€offense€are€loosely€characterized€under€Title€39€as€"offenses€against€publicÏhealth,€ñÄ ñœñÄ ñsafety,€ñ» ñ›€ñ» ñwelfare"ñÄ ñ›ñÄ ñ€and€under€Part€3€as€ñÄ ñœñÄ ñ"disorderlyñÄ ñ›ñÄ ñ€ñÄ ñœñÄ ñconductñÄ ñ›ñÄ ñ€and€ñÄ ñœñÄ ñriots."ñÄ ñ›ñÄ ñ€€In€ourÏview,€òòTrustyóó's€"lesser€grade"€analysis€does€not€readily€apply€to€this€chapter€of€theÐ 8¸.4 ÐCode.ÌÌà Œ àà ä àIn€consequence,€the€trial€court€had€no€obligation€to€chargeÏharassment.€€While€the€two€offenses€at€issue€are€similar,€they€are€separate€andÏdistinct€crimes€and€ñÄ ñœñÄ ññ¼ ñone€is€ñ¼ ñneitherñÄ ñ›ñÄ ñ€included€ñÄ ñœñÄ ññ½ ñin€ñ½ ñnorñÄ ñ›ñÄ ñ€lesser€than€the€other.€€€€ÌÌà@††/ÚàIIIˆÌà Œ àà ä àFinally,€the€defendant€contends€that€the€original€indictment€had€alsoÏcharged€the€defendant€with€having€been€found€guilty€of€stalking€the€victim€withinÏseven€years€of€this€offense.€€When€that€portion€of€the€indictment€referring€to€theÏprior€conviction€was€stricken,€the€remainder€of€the€indictment€was€accurately€read€toÏthe€jury.€€The€defendant€complains€that€the€full€document,€including€informationÏabout€the€prior€conviction,€was€sent€to€the€jury€for€consideration€during€œñÅ ñtheirñÅ ññÆ ñitsÏñÆ ññÇ ñ›ÏñÇ ñdeliberations.›€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Morganóó,€541€S.W.2d€385€(Tenn.€1976).€€Ð ¼ \ ÐÌà Œ àà ä àNothing€in€the€record€supports€the€claim€that€the€jury€was€aware€of€theÏprior€offense.€€No€objection€was€made€by€the€defendant€before€or€duringÏdeliberations€and€none€was€made€upon€the€return€of€the€verdict.€€While€the€issueÏwas€raised€on€motion€for€new€trial,€the€transcript€of€the€hearing€has€not€beenÏincluded€in€the€appellate€record.€€It€is€the€obligation€of€the€appellant,€of€course,€toÏprovide€this€court€with€an€adequate€record€in€regard€to€any€claim.€€The€failure€to€doÏso€results€in€a€waiver€of€the€issue€as€a€possible€ground€for€relief.€€Tenn.€R.€App.€P.Ï13(c);€Tenn.€Ct.€Crim.€App.€10(b).€€Pleadings€in€the€form€of€a€motion€for€new€trial€doÏnot€qualify€as€proof.€€ÌñÄ ñœñÄ ññ¾ ñÐ  €4 +0 Ðñ¾ ññ¿ ñ›Ìñ¿ ññÄ ñ›ñÄ ñà Œ àà ä àAccordingly,€the€judgment€is€affirmed.€ÌÌÓÓà Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àà ì àà D à________________________________Ìà Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àà ì àà D àGary€R.€Wade,€Judge€ñÄ ñœñÄ ññÀ ñÌñÀ ññÄ ñ›ñÄ ññÄ ññÄ ññÄ ñœñÄ ññÀ ñÌñÀ ññÁ ñ›Ì›Ð  ªJ ÐñÁ ñCONCUR:ñÄ ñ›ñÄ ññÄ ññÄ ñÌÌÌÌ_____________________________ÌThomas€T.€Woodall,€JudgeÌÌÌÌ_____________________________ÌL.T.€Lafferty,€Special€Judge€