WPCA =[?IۄB6q{=(ċ4ĕ6+э藆g¦`/QijjA*x3%h|h)\VT'kY2W)C`Şl& HGԲxR5g$!ڐr!|(Z m snC/ׄ*n+c]qB!ë$%r)tO+Ϋ4pb lʸ6YA,CY' Ykĵbu6Kwo1T7bHaިȭ Zow)/ą 40!Vjo| a Z9#X=SըN:3wƾŸv/Ⱦ5+`0 eg H%rψNreI8]M(&cM=b DX&T}586v %tU6z 0UN8 U > U* U@ z.  z =} UN^ fw,N042FEUW mY#ppppppppppppppppp 0D1 0Uu 0 0b 0 0 0d 0A 0 0 0C 0  0 0 0 0S! 0" 0" 0# 0@k$ 0$ 0% 0P& 0' 0' 0( 0v) 08* 00* 0<%+ 0a+ 0>, 0v], 0`, 0`3- 0`- 0`- 0`S. 08. 0. 0/ 020 00 B1 0:1 0-2 D32 D-3 0K13 0Y|3 AS3(4 04 0D5 A5 0_6 0 6 0j7 0T9 B*: D/; 01; D/< 0< 06= 0= 0:> 0^*? 0<? 0N?????@<6X9`(Courier New(`$.8dd8    ("  Z6Times New Roman Regular\  `&Times New Roman%2A`Arial( Z(Times New Roman  C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wpt R*$      1    _WenotethatJoEllen_Kee_ԀistheinformantresponsibleforMr.Taylorsdrugconviction. 3 R*$      2    _TheTennesseeSupremeCourthasheldthatmitigatingfactor(1)isnotperseinapplicableincocaine  possessioncases.SeeStatev.Ross,49S.W.3d833,84849(Tenn.2001).Inthatcase,thedefendantwasfoundtohave t constructivelypossessedthecocaine,whichwaslocatedseveralroomsawayfromwherethepolicefoundthedefendant. 8 Thecourtnotedthattherewasnoevidencethatthedefendantsoldorattemptedtosellthedrugs. Hadeitherofthese L circumstancesbeenpresent,thenthedangerousnatureofthedrug,combinedwiththedangerousnatureofmanydrug  transactions,mayhaveindeedsupportedthetrialcourtsrejection SӀofthisfactorasconstitutingathreatofseriousbodily  injury.Id.at848. 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S\  `&Times New RomanS7Z(X7&  d df)1dxd<:zTop of For7i(X7  ?%2A`Arial?  S\  `&Times New RomanS7Z(X7f)2dxd0KS.SampleK<6X9`(Courier NewKS\  `&Times New RomanS0.Strong 8dl6TypewriterK<6X9`(Courier NewKS\  `&Times New RomanS42Variable: 8HTML MarkupB      2 0CommentB  (O$/research/buttonTFLink?_m=76fe4c5a45321b35ae929505f9cfaf44&_xfercite=%3ccite%20cc%3d%22USA%22%3e%3c%21%5bCDATA%5b980%20S.W.2d%20 !.8dd8     __   8])XXdd8@ttdINTHECOURTOFCRIMINALAPPEALSOFTENNESSEE  @%ATJACKSON#d#Ԉ &    @  @` AssignedonBriefsOctober1,2002 L X])X #XX]).#STATEOFTENNESSEEv.CORRIEJ.JOHNSONX])X  J @@ AppealfromtheCircuitCourtfor_Hardin_ԀCounty  J @@No.8073C.Creed_McGinley_,Judge  6 @@*AV) ` dE<` A   @@TTNo.W200200429CCAR3_ԄCD_Ԁ_Ԅ_ԀFiledOctober23,_2002_   AV) ` dE<|` A }     TheDefendant,CorrieJ.Johnson,wasconvictedbyajuryofsellingcocaine,aClassCfelony.The x  trialcourtsentencedtheDefendantasaRangeIImultipleoffendertoeightyears,tobeserved d consecutivelytotwoothersentences,forwhichtheDefendantwasonprobation.Thetrialcourtalso P revokedtheDefendantsprobationonthetwopriorconvictions.Inthisappealasofright,the < Defendantpresentsthreeissues:whethertheevidencewassufficienttosustainhisconviction, (x whetherthetrialcourterredinitsapplicationofenhancingandmitigatingfactorswhendecidingthe d Defendantssentence,andwhetherthetrialcourterredbyrevokingtheDefendantsprobation.We P affirmthejudgmentofthetrialcourt. < : Tenn.R.App.P.3AppealasofRight;JudgmentoftheTrialCourtAffirmed     #X])#X])X.DavidH.Welles,J.,deliveredtheopinionofthecourt,inwhichJames_Curwood_Ԁ_Witt_,Jr.and  AlanE.Glenn,JJ.,joined.  RichardW._Deberry_,AssistantPublicDefender,Camden,Tennessee,fortheappellant,CorrieJ. ` Johnson. L  PaulG.Summers,AttorneyGeneralandReporter;JohnH._Bledsoe_,AssistantAttorneyGeneral; $"t! Robert_Radford_,DistrictAttorneyGeneral;andJohnW._Overton_,AssistantDistrictAttorney #`" General,fortheappellee,StateofTennessee. #L# I @@OO& OPINION #XX])x #X])X %$!%   #XX]) #X])XX])XXX])  OnMarch6,2001,InvestigatorTimCunninghamoftheSavannahPoliceDepartmentwas (#( workingasamemberofanundercoverdrugtaskforce.HeusedaninformantnamedJoEllen_Kee_Ԁ )$) whoestablishedherselfinthecommunitytomakedrugpurchases.Cunninghamtestifiedthaton p*%* March5theDefendanttoldtheinformantthathewouldsellherdrugs.OnMarch6,Cunningham \+&+ followedhisinformanttotheDefendantsgrandmothershouse.Avideocameraandaudio H,', equipmentweremountedintheinformantsvehiclesoOfficerCunninghamcouldlistento 4-(- _conversationstakingplaceinthevehicleandvideotapeanythingoccurringinsidethecar.Atthe  grandmothershouse,Cunninghamobservedhisinformant,Ms.Kee,talkingtotheDefendantand  amannamedTuffyJackson.Afewminuteslater,heheardKeegetbackinhercar,andshetoldhim  thatshewasgoingtomeettheDefendantelsewhere.Atthenextlocation,hewasabletohearthe t voicesofKeeandtheDefendantinsidehercar.Cunninghamthenfollowedthemtoagasstation, ` wheretheDefendantmadeacallfromapaytelephone.WhentheDefendantreturnedtoKees L  vehicle,heinstructedherwheretogonext.Atthispoint,Cunninghamdidnotknowwherethe 8  Defendantandhisinformantweregoing;hewassimplyfollowingthecar.Finallytheinformants $ t cararrivedatatrailer.TheDefendantgotout.WhentheDefendantreturnedtothevehicle,Kee  ` drovebacktothehousewhereshehadpickedhimup,andhegotoutofthecar.Eventually  L  CunninghammetwithKee,andshegavehimcocainethatshehadreceivedfromtheDefendant,  8  someofwhichwaslooseandsomeofwhichwasinawhitepieceofpaper.Cunninghamthen $  packagedthecocaineandpreparedittobesenttotheTennesseeBureauofInvestigationCrime   Laboratory.     JoEllenKee,theinformantusedbyOfficerCunningham,testifiedthatshewenttothe   Defendantsgrandmothershouseinhercapacityasaninformantforthedrugtaskforce.Whenshe p arrived,shetoldtheDefendantthatshewantedtobuycocaine.Hetoldherthattheywouldneedto \ gotoanotherhouse.ShedrovetheDefendanttotheotherhouse,andwhentheygotthere,shegave H theDefendantonehundreddollarsthathadbeengiventoherbyOfficerCunningham.Ms.Kee 4 testifiedthattheDefendantthengavehertwoloosepiecesofcrackcocaineandtoldherthathe  p wouldgivehertherestlater.TheDefendantandMs.Keethenleftthissecondhouseinhercar.The  \ Defendanttoldherthatheneededtopickupsomethingandhadherstopatagasstationsohecould H makeatelephonecall.Ms.Keetestifiedthatsheassumedhewastakinghertopickupmore 4 cocaine.UltimatelytheDefendanthadherdrivetoatrailerwhereheretrievedaplasticbag   containingcocaine.Hedividedthecocainebetweenthetwoofthem,puttingMs.Keesshareina   pieceofpaperthathefoundinthefloorboardofhercar.AftershedroppedtheDefendantoff,she  gavethecocaineshehadreceivedtoOfficerCunningham.    BrianEaton,aforensicscientistwiththeTennesseeBureauofInvestigationCrime l Laboratory,testifiedthathetestedthedrugsthatOfficerCunninghamprovidedtohim.He X  determinedthesampletobe.2gramsofcocaine. D!   TheDefendantcontendsthattheevidencewasinsufficienttosupporthisconvictionfor #l! sellingcocaine.TennesseeRuleofAppellateProcedure13(e)prescribesthat [f]indingsofguiltin $X" criminalactionswhetherbythetrialcourtorjuryshallbesetasideiftheevidenceisinsufficientto $D # supportthefindingsbythetrieroffactofguiltbeyondareasonabledoubt.Evidenceissufficient %0!$ if,afterreviewingtheevidenceinthelightmostfavorabletotheprosecution,anyrationaltrierof &"% factcouldhavefoundtheessentialelementsofthecrimebeyondareasonabledoubt.SeeJackson '#& v.Virginia,443U.S.307,319(1979);Statev.Smith,24S.W.3d274,278(Tenn.2000).Inaddition, (#' becauseconvictionbyatrieroffactdestroysthepresumptionofinnocenceandimposesa )$( presumptionofguilt,aconvictedcriminaldefendantbearstheburdenofshowingthattheevidence |*%) wasinsufficient.SeeMcBeev.State,372S.W.2d173,176(Tenn.1963);seealsoStatev.Buggs, h+&* 995S.W.2d102,10506(Tenn.1999);Statev.Evans,838S.W.2d185,191(Tenn.1992);Statev.  Tuggle,639S.W.2d913,914(Tenn.1982).    Initsreviewoftheevidence,anappellatecourtmustaffordtheState thestrongestlegitimate t viewoftheevidenceaswellasallreasonableandlegitimateinferencesthatmaybedrawn ` therefrom.Tuggle,639S.W.2dat914;seealsoSmith,24S.W.3dat279.Thecourtmaynot re L  weighorreevaluatetheevidenceintherecordbelow.Evans,838S.W.2dat191;seealsoBuggs, 8  995S.W.2dat105.Likewise,shouldthereviewingcourtfindparticularconflictsinthetrial $ t testimony,thecourtmustresolvetheminfavorofthejuryverdictortrialcourtjudgment.See  ` Tuggle,639S.W.2dat914.Allquestionsinvolvingthecredibilityofwitnesses,theweightand  L  valuetobegiventheevidence,andallfactualissuesareresolvedbythetrieroffact,nottheappellate  8  courts.SeeStatev.Morris,24S.W.3d788,795(Tenn.2000);Statev.Pappas,754S.W.2d620, $  623(Tenn.Crim.App.1987).#X])XXX]) #X])XXX])     Inhischallengetothesufficiencyoftheevidence,theDefendantstatesthat thecredibility   oftheinformantisnotsufficienttoconvicthim.HepointsoutthatMs.Keewasworkingforthe   drugtaskforceonlybecauseherprobationwasabouttoberevoked,andshegotpaidbythetask p forceonlyifshesuccessfullypurchasedillegaldrugs.TheDefendantfurthernotesthatMs.Keehas \ sixpriorconvictionsfordeliveryofdrugs.Furthermore,oneoftheDefendantswitnesses,Richard H Taylor,testifiedthathehadobservedMs.Keeusecocainewhileshewasworkingasaninformant 4 forthedrugtaskforce.  *#  1      ׀Finally,theDefendanttestifiedthathedidnotselldrugstoMs.Kee,  p althoughheadmittedthathe sharedsomecocainewithher.Fortheabovereasons,theDefendant  \ arguesthattheinformantscredibilityisnotsufficienttosupporthisconvictionforsellingcocaine. H Thisargumentmustfail. 4   Aswehavealreadystated,appellatecourtsdonotresolveissuesregardingthecredibilityof   witnesses.SeeStatev.Morris,24S.W.3d788,795(Tenn.2000).ThisCourtmustresolveany  conflictsinthetrialtestimonyinfavorofthejuryverdict.SeeTuggle,639S.W.2dat914;Statev.  Williams,657S.W.2d405,410(Tenn.1983).Obviously,thejurycreditedthetestimonyofMs.Kee  andconvictedtheDefendantofsellingcocaine.ThisCourtmaynotreweightheevidencerelied l onbythejury.SeeEvans,838S.W.2dat191.Ratherweareconstrainedtodeterminewhether,in X  thelightmostfavorabletotheprosecution,anyrationaltrieroffactcouldhavefoundthatthe D! Defendantisguiltybeyondareasonabledoubt.SeeJacksonv.Virginia,443U.S.307,319(1979). 0"  Inthiscase,wefindthattheevidenceissufficienttosupporttheDefendantsconvictionofselling #l! cocaine.Accordingly,thisissueiswithoutmerit. $X"   TheDefendantalsoassertsthatthetrialcourterredinitsapplicationofenhancingand %0!$ mitigatingfactorswhendecidingtheDefendantssentence.Whenanaccusedchallengesthelength, &"% range,ormannerofserviceofasentence,thisCourthasadutytoconductadenovoreviewofthe '#& sentencewithapresumptionthatthedeterminationsmadebythetrialcourtarecorrect.SeeTenn. (#' CodeAnn.4035401(d).Thispresumptionis conditionedupontheaffirmativeshowinginthe )$( recordthatthetrialcourtconsideredthesentencingprinciplesandallrelevantfactsand  circumstances.Statev.Ashby,823S.W.2d166,169(Tenn.1991).    Whenconductingadenovoreviewofasentence,thisCourtmustconsider:(a)theevidence, t ifany,receivedatthetrialandsentencinghearing;(b)thepresentencereport;(c)theprinciplesof ` sentencingandargumentsastosentencingalternatives;(d)thenatureandcharacteristicsofthe L  criminalconductinvolved;(e)anystatutorymitigatingorenhancementfactors;(f)anystatement 8  madebythedefendantregardingsentencing;and(g)thepotentialorlackofpotentialfor $ t rehabilitationortreatment.SeeTenn.CodeAnn.4035102,103,210#X])XXX])U(#X])XXX]);Statev.Brewer,875  ` S.W.2d298,302(Tenn.Crim.App.1993);Statev.Thomas,755S.W.2d838,844(Tenn.Crim.  L  App.1988).  8    Ifourreviewreflectsthatthetrialcourtfollowedthestatutorysentencingprocedure,thatthe   courtimposedalawfulsentenceafterhavinggivendueconsiderationandproperweighttothe   factorsandprinciplessetoutunderthesentencinglaw,andthatthetrialcourtsfindingsoffactare   adequatelysupportedbytherecord,thenwemaynotmodifythesentenceevenifwewouldhave   preferredadifferentresult.SeeStatev.Pike,978S.W.2d904,92627(Tenn.1998);Statev. p Fletcher,805S.W.2d785,789(Tenn.Crim.App.1991).#X])XXX])28#X])XXX]) \     ThetrialcourtsentencedtheDefendantasaRangeIImultipleoffendertoeightyearsinthe 4 DepartmentofCorrection,torunconsecutivelytothesentencesfortheDefendantstwoprior  p convictions.Thecourtfoundnomitigatingfactors.Thecourtfoundoneenhancementfactor,that  \ theDefendantcommittedtheoffensewhileonprobation.SeeTenn.CodeAnn.4035114(13). H TheDefendantarguesthatthetrialcourterredbynotfindingasamitigatingfactorthatthe 4 Defendantsconductneithercausednorthreatenedseriousbodilyinjury.SeeTenn.CodeAnn.   4035113(1).ThisCourthasheldthatmitigatingfactor(1)neednotbeappliedwhenthedefendant   isconvictedofanoffenseinvolvingcocaine.SeeStatev.Vanderford,980S.W.2d390,407(Tenn.  Crim.App.1997);Statev.Keel,882S.W.2d410,422(Tenn.Crim.App.1994).Werecently  addressedthisissueinStatev.HermanHolston,No.W200102004CCAR3CD,2002Tenn.Crim.  App.LEXIS538,at*11(Jackson,June26,2002).Inrejectingthedefendantsargumentthatthe l trialjudgeerredbynotapplyingmitigatingfactor(1)whendecidingthedefendantssentencefor X  sellingcocaine,westatedthat: D! 8  [i]nherentwithinthetraffickinganddistributionofdrugsisthepotentialforserious #l! bodilyinjury.Althoughwerecognizethatnotalldrugdealsinvolveviolence,wedo, $X" however,recognizethattheverynatureoftheactmakesthepotentialforserious $D # bodilyinjuryeverpresent.Accordingly,wefindthatthesaleofcocaineisnotso %0!$ sufficientlyfreefromalldangersuchthatitcanbeusedtomitigateasellers &"% sentence.'#&     )$( Id.Therefore,thetrialcourtdidnoterrbyrefusingtoapplymitigatingfactor(1)totheDefendants  sentence.  *#  2      ׀Thisissueiswithoutmerit.     #X])XXX]);#4u pO  5  G  SGF  \  6EpOE  7 EX])XXX])GF8F݌̌    Finally,theDefendantarguesthatthetrialcourterredbyrevokingtheDefendants  probation.#X])XXX])F# X])XXX])Atrialjudgeisvestedwiththediscretionaryauthoritytorevokeprobationifa  preponderanceoftheevidenceestablishesthatadefendantviolatedtheconditionsofhisorher   probation.SeeTenn.CodeAnn.4035310,311(e);Statev.Mitchell,810S.W.2d733,735   (Tenn.Crim.App.1991).Thetrialjudgemust,however,adducesufficientevidenceduringthe w  probationrevocationhearingtoallowhimorhertomakeanintelligentdecision.SeeMitchell, c  810S.W.2dat735. O     Whenaprobationrevocationischallenged,theappellatecourtshavealimitedscopeof   review.Foranappellatecourttobewarrantedinfindingthatatrialjudgeabusedhisorher   discretionbyrevokingprobation,itmustbeestablishedthattherecordcontainsnosubstantial   evidencetosupportthetrialjudgesconclusionthataprobationviolationoccurredandthat   becauseoftheviolation,probationshouldberevoked.SeeStatev.Harkins,811S.W.2d79,82 } (Tenn.1991);Statev.Stubblefield,953S.W.2d223,226(Tenn.Crim.App.1997).#X])XX X])G#X])XXX]) i   ThetrialcourtbaseditsdecisiontorevoketheDefendantsprobationontheinstant 7 conviction.TheDefendantstatesthat therevocationofhisprobationwillnotsubservetheends # ofjusticeinthebestinterestsofboththepublicandthedefendant.Thelanguageusedbythe  DefendantistakenfromBarkerv.State,483S.W.2d586,590(Tenn.Crim.App.1972).  However,thecourtinBarkeralsostatedthattheseconsiderations rest[]inthesounddiscretion  ofthe[trial]court.Id.ThetrialcourtdidnotabuseitsdiscretionbyrevokingtheDefendants  probationbaseduponhisconvictionforsellingcocaine.Thereforethisissueiswithoutmerit. o   Thejudgmentofthetrialcourtisaffirmed. =  S#X])XXX])6M#X])XXX])Ԁ , | #X])XXX])KQ#   `     h     ___________________________________ "@    `     h     DAVIDH.WELLES,JUDGE