ÿWPCO EYÔBE?,‚™‚cn†6‘,b«ìÛ 5tƒ[DRuÅ:DÅš¬$Z9fÓSF”åžiµW’¦-†›&ð[X\Ö^¿Œ÷l]%Àj«P9F7ýD"ñX×eMš®þwï;¥M#vˆxî2І5ªÃªŸ‹šëí÷Pû¨}·Õêž,Þ僒Ç@¯ß²~„Àr/u»l¸è ¿6^ê;ª+©ºVqŒª»Ûz|ºr .¶[gã¹u”ä:*õ¿rþŸ6¸ïé#ªÒ‹‚ùgÍ`ƒ·ˆê$.NâÀ•Ç<ÈÕ?sOhÁœw"®^ã.u·‰ÝŽ=n$æ¿öª;RÕÈãžW0î”8GfÎÂ*ýÜï2 êe|þ¥"àãå{3EÃã³ú-eO-ôš­Z·ÝÛšYŽYÈ1ziK/ÝçäÒÜ«',£Ÿe¢°±‡hFÇ¹æ ¾—G&,ÁjLÔÿ<ÃôlPmÓ¹»T/i๣[§öq êÌ´ žzñºÏHØ‘¢[-ë4h™¿¾uóM9–à\=’=n‰òº¢¦k2(©QÿÂ5€bþ^ý_pâðãŸß< f¬,Ü‘Û0Q.(¬v¡ÔæÞô0Ô"¥nXb#É\ %% ^ + 0ˆ7 UN¿ w 4 z% ÒŸ q € m‚ N™ Æ› Æa Æ'ÆíA³Nô 0Dö:EBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBbDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD 0ëLLLL B77 0¤T D3ø D-+ 0KXX AS£Æö 0¤¼ 0D` A«¤˜HP LaserJet 4000 Series PCL6ÒV,,,,ÒV0»0®‰1î (`£ª$¡¡Ñ€.ÑÑ8€½­»»d»»d8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  Ó(í€"  Z6Times New Roman Regular J‰1ê:i¢×+00 ˜C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wpt3|xÿU‹ÿÀÀÀLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5‚Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5„Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5…Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5 7Ý ƒR+H$ÝÓ  Óà  àòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÔ€ô¸Ðò»»ÔÝ  ÝÔ_ÔWe€acknowledge€that€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€section€40„36„106(c)€creates€a€ð ðspecial€needsðð€exceptionÐ ° Ðto€certain€eligibility€requirements.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„36„106(c)€(2003).€€We€discern€no€need€to€examine€theÐ qÁ Ðlegal€availability€of€the€exception€in€the€present€case,€however,€because€the€record€evinces€no€factual€basis€for€a€ð ðspecialÐ 2‚ Ðneedsðð€placement.(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó - ù-(|G2+H$¤¤Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€‘%»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  ÚóóÔ€ô¸Ðò»»Ô d(|3ÿ$££Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€‘%»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝVVVV'ÿÿdxd)!ÈÈÈÈdxdx( ±þ$’’ò òFigure€Ú  Ú1Ú  Úó ó^_X`YEþÿ<<CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(|3ÿ$¢¢Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€‘%»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó óX[Z&OLE 2.0 Box <=8ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿCÿÿ HKKKKÝ ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€‘%»»ddÈ8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÑ  ÑÔ€¼‘%»»»ÔÑ8€ÐËXXdé»»d8ÑÑ  Ñà@hhìàÔ‡îvÊ‘%ÔIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEˆÐ ° Ðà@gg$ìàAT€NASHVILLEÔ#†¼‘%»îîvÊ #ԈРÓ# ÐÓ  ÓAssigned€on€Briefs€August€18,€2004€at€KnoxvilleÐ öF ÐÔ‡XÐËX»¼‘%ÔÌò òÔ#†¼‘%»XXÐË#ÔSTATE€OF€TENNESSEEòòóó€v.€SHEILA€ANN€JONESòòóóÔ‡XÐËX»¼‘%Ôó óÐ ï? ÐÌà@@½½ìàò òAppeal€from€the€Circuit€Court€for€Bedford€CountyÐ é 9 Ðà@@øøìàNo.€15287€€€€€€€Charles€Lee,€JudgeÐ Ó # ÐÌÌà@@ìì*ìàßA€V) °°` d€÷E<` AßÐ ‘á  ÐÌà@@TTìàNo.€M2003„02776„CCA„R3„CD€„€Filed€December€9,€Ô_Ô2004Ô_ÔÐ ŠÚ  ÐÌßA€V) °°` dE<]` AßÐ ^®  Ðó óÌÓ  ÓThe€defendant,€Sheila€Ann€Jones,€appeals€the€Bedford€County€Circuit€Courtððs€denial€of€alternativeÐ V¦  Ðsentencing€following€her€guilty€plea€to€attempt€to€commit€aggravated€child€abuse.€€Because€theÐ ? Ðrecord€supports€the€trial€courtððs€judgment,€we€affirm.Ð (x ÐÔ#†¼‘%»XXÐË#ÔÔ‡XÐËX»¼‘%ÔÓ§Óò òÌTenn.€R.€App.€P.€3;€Judgment€of€the€Circuit€Court€is€Affirmed.ó óÐ ûK ÐÌòòÓ  ÓÔ#†¼‘%»àXÐË#ÔÔ‡XÐËX.¼‘%ÔJames€Ô_ÔCurwoodÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔWittÔ_Ô,€Jr.,€óóJ.,€delivered€the€opinion€of€the€court,€in€which€òòDavid€G.€Hayesóó€andÐ Î ÐòòAlan€E.€Glenn,€JJ.óó,€joined.Ð · ÐÌDonna€Leigh€Ô_ÔHargroveÔ_Ô,€District€Public€Defender;€and€Andrew€Jackson€Ô_ÔDearingÔ_Ô,€III,€and€MichaelÐ ‰Ù ÐCollins,€Assistant€District€Public€Defenders,€for€the€Appellant,€Sheila€Ann€Jones.Ð r ÐÌPaul€G.€Summers,€Attorney€General€&€Reporter;€John€H.€Ô_ÔBledsoeÔ_Ô,€Assistant€Attorney€General;Ð D” ÐWilliam€Michael€Ô_ÔMcCownÔ_Ô,€District€Attorney€General;€and€Michael€D.€Ô_ÔRandlesÔ_Ô€and€Ann€L.€Filer,Ð -} ÐAssistant€District€Attorneys€General,€for€the€Appellee,€State€of€Tennessee.Ð f ÐÓÓÌò òOPINIONó óÔ#†¼‘%»XXÐËÌ#ÔÔ‡XÐËX»¼‘%ÔÐ è 8  ÐòòóóÔ#†¼‘%»XXÐËÕ #ÔÓ  ÓÔ€XÐËX»¼‘%ÔÌà  àà ` àCharged€with€the€aggravated€abuse€of€her€boyfriendððs€six„year„old€daughter,€theÐ »" " Ðdefendant€stood€trial€in€September€2003.€€Following€the€testimony€of€several€prosecution€witnesses,Ð ¤#ô# Ðincluding€the€victim,€the€trial€court€declared€a€mistrial€because€a€police€officer€in€his€directÐ $Ý$ Ðtestimony€referred€to€the€defendant€having€been€ð ðbookedðð€by€the€sheriffððs€office€prior€to€the€offenseÐ v%Æ % Ðin€question.€€Following€the€order€of€mistrial,€the€defendant,€with€the€agreement€of€the€state,Ð _&¯!& Ðsubmitted€an€open€plea€to€the€lesser€charge€of€attempt€to€commit€aggravated€child€abuse,€a€Class€BÐ H'˜"' Ðfelony.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðððð€39„15„402(a)(1)€(2003)€(aggravated€child€abuse),€„12„101€(2003)Ð 1(#( Ð(attempt).€€The€trial€court€accepted€the€plea,€and€following€a€sentencing€hearing,€it€imposed€aÐ )j$) Ðsentence€of€ten€years€in€the€Department€of€Correction.€€Aggrieved€that€the€trial€court€declined€toÐ *S%* Ðaward€a€sentencing€alternative€to€incarceration,€the€defendant€appealed.€€Ð ì*<&+ ÐÌà  àà ` àThe€evidence€admitted€at€trial€showed€that€the€defendant€had€been€residing€with€BenÐ ¾,(- ÐÔ_ÔWarrickÔ_Ô€for€two€to€three€years.€€Mr.€Ô_ÔWarrickÔ_Ôððs€daughter,€the€six„year„old€victim,€resided€with€them,Ð §-÷(.ý ÐÔ_Ôand€the€defendant€often€cared€for€the€victim€while€Mr.€Warrick€worked.€€€On€June€17,€2002,€theÐ ° Ðdefendant€became€angry€with€the€victim€and€struck€her€repeatedly€with€a€ð ðwesternðð€belt.€€The€victimÐ ™é Ðalso€testified€that€the€defendant€had€forced€hot€sauce€into€her€mouth.€€Ð ‚Ò ÐÌà  àà ` àAn€emergency€room€physician€who€treated€the€victim€testified€that€the€victim€hadÐ T¤ Ðsustained€bruises€and€abrasions€to€her€face,€torso,€back,€arms,€and€legs.€€He€characterized€theÐ =  Ðexternal€wounds€as€serious€enough€to€prompt€him€to€perform€various€tests€for€internal€injuries,Ð & v Ðalthough€the€tests,€including€a€CAT€scan,€x„rays,€and€urine€analysis,€yielded€negative€results.€€TheÐ  _ Ðdoctor€prescribed€pain€medication€and€released€the€victim.Ð ø H ÐÌà  àà ` àAt€the€sentencing€hearing,€the€defendant€testified€that€the€June€17,€2002€incident€wasÐ Ê   Ðan€isolated€event€and€occurred€because€she€had€been€unable€to€afford€to€renew€her€prescription€forÐ ³  ÐZoloft,€a€medication€she€had€been€taking€for€depression€and€ð ðnerves.ðð€€She€testified€the€absence€ofÐ œì  ÐZoloft€had€caused€her€to€be€ð ðirritableðð€and€that€this€condition,€combined€with€a€six„pack€of€beer€sheÐ …Õ  Ðhad€consumed€on€June€17,€caused€her€to€react€uncharacteristically€toward€the€victim,€whom€sheÐ n¾  Ðprofessed€to€love€as€if€she€were€her€own€child.€€The€defendant€testified€that€she€had€an€alcoholÐ W§  Ðproblem,€but€she€had€never€sought€treatment.€€She€asked€the€court€to€place€her€in€a€communityÐ @ Ðcorrections€program.Ð )y ÐÌà  àà ` àBen€Warrick€testified€that€he€and€the€defendant€had€married€two€weeks€prior€to€theÐ ûK Ðsentencing€hearing.€€Although€he€did€not€condone€the€defendantððs€actions€in€beating€his€daughter,Ð ä4 Ðhe€believed€the€beating€was€due€to€rare,€unprecedented€circumstances.€€He€acknowledged€that,Ð Í Ðalthough€the€custody€of€the€victim€since€June€17€had€been€entrusted€to€the€victimððs€natural€mother,Ð ¶ Ðhe€would€exercise€visitation€privileges€and€that,€if€the€defendant€were€released€into€the€community,Ð Ÿï Ðshe€would€be€present€in€the€home€when€the€victim€visited.€€Mr.€Warrick€testified€that€he€wouldÐ ˆØ Ðsupervise€the€visitations.€€He€urged€the€court€to€grant€community€placement.Ð qÁ ÐÌà  àà ` àFollowing€the€sentencing€hearing,€the€trial€judge€made€findings€on€the€record.€€HeÐ C“ Ðmentioned€the€defendantððs€prior€record€of€domestic€assault€and€her€ð ðunwillingness€to€comply€withÐ ,| Ðconditions€of€release€in€the€community.ðð€€The€judge€found€that€the€victim€had€been€treated€withÐ e Ðexceptional€cruelty.€€The€court€found€no€mitigating€factors;€it€specifically€rejected€the€defendantððsÐ þN Ðbeing€ð ðoff€her€medicationðð€as€a€mitigating€factor.€€The€trial€judge€stated€that€incarceration€ð ðisÐ ç 7 Ðnecessary€in€cases€of€this€nature€so€as€to€act€as€a€deterrence€to€others€similarly€situated.€€Our€societyÐ Ð!   Ðhas€gone€awry€in€the€lack€of€any€family€structure€now.ðð€€The€judge€mentioned€the€ð ðmany,€many€live„Ð ¹" ! Ðin€girlfriends€and€boyfriends€out€thereðð€and€indicated€that€ð ðthose€persons€should€be€put€on€notice€thatÐ ¢#ò" Ðif€you€harm€those€children,€that€you€are€going€to€be€dealt€with€harshly€and€you€are€going€to€beÐ ‹$Û# Ðincarcerated.ðð€€As€a€result,€the€court€denied€community€corrections€placement€or€any€otherÐ t%Ä $ Ðalternative€to€incarceration€and€ordered€the€defendantððs€ten„year€sentence€to€be€served€in€theÐ ]&­!% ÐDepartment€of€Correction.Ð F'–"& ÐÌà  àà ` àWhen€there€is€a€challenge€to€the€manner€of€service€of€a€sentence,€it€is€the€duty€of€thisÐ )h$( Ðcourt€to€conduct€a€òòde€novo€óóreview€of€the€record€with€a€presumption€that€the€determinations€made€byÐ *Q%) Ðthe€trial€court€are€correct.€€Tenn.€Code€€Ann.€ðð€40-35-401(d)€(2003).€€This€presumption€is€ð ðcon„Ð ê*:&* Ðditioned€upon€the€affirmative€showing€in€the€record€that€the€trial€court€considered€the€sentencingÐ Ó+#'+ Ðprinciples€and€all€relevant€facts€and€circumstances.ðð€€òòState€v.€Ashby,€óó823€S.W.2d€166,€169€(Tenn.Ð ° Ð1991).€€The€burden€of€showing€that€the€sentence€is€improper€is€upon€the€defendant,€and€iòòóón€the€eventÐ ™é Ðthe€record€fails€to€demonstrate€the€required€consideration€by€the€trial€court,€review€of€the€sentenceÐ ‚Ò Ðis€purely€òòde€novoóó.€€òòId.óó€€If€appellate€review€reflects€the€trial€court€properly€considered€all€relevantÐ k» Ðfactors€and€its€findings€of€fact€are€adequately€supported€by€the€record,€this€court€must€affirm€theÐ T¤ Ðsentence,€even€if€we€would€have€preferred€a€different€result.€€€òòState€v.€Fletcheróó,€805€S.W.2d€785,€789Ð =  Ð(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1991).Ð & v ÐÌà  àà ` àIn€making€its€manner„of„service€determination,€the€trial€court€considers:€(1)€theÐ ø H Ðevidence,€if€any,€received€at€the€trial€and€the€sentencing€hearing,€(2)€the€presentence€report,€(3)€theÐ á 1  Ðprinciples€of€sentencing€and€arguments€as€to€sentencing€alternatives,€(4)€the€nature€andÐ Ê   Ðcharacteristics€of€the€criminal€conduct€involved,€(5)€evidence€and€information€offered€by€the€partiesÐ ³  Ðon€the€enhancement€and€mitigating€factors,€(6)€any€statements€the€defendant€wishes€to€make€in€theÐ œì  Ðdefendantððs€behalf€about€sentencing,€and€(7)€the€potential€for€rehabilitation€or€treatment.€€Tenn.Ð …Õ  ÐCode€€Ann.€ðððð€40-35-210(a),€(b)€(2003),€-35-103(5)€(2003);€òòState€v.€Hollandóó,€860€S.W.2d€53,€60Ð n¾  Ð(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1993).Ð W§  ÐÌà  àà ` àA€defendant€who€ð ðis€an€especially€mitigated€or€standard€offender€convicted€of€a€ClassÐ )y ÐC,€D,€or€E€felony€is€presumed€to€be€a€favorable€candidate€for€alternative€sentencing€options€in€theÐ b Ðabsence€of€evidence€to€the€contrary.ðð€€€Tenn.€Code€€Ann.€ðð€40-35-102(6)€(2003).€€The€defendant€inÐ ûK Ðthis€case€stands€convicted€of€a€Class€B€felony€and€receives€no€presumption€in€favor€of€alternativeÐ ä4 Ðsentencing.€€Thus,€the€state€had€no€burden€to€justify€an€incarcerative€sentence€via€the€considerationsÐ Í Ðupon€which€incarceration€must€be€premised.€òòState€v.€Michael€W.€Dinkinsóó,€No.€E2001„Ð ¶ Ð01711-CCA-R3„CD,€slip€op.€at€3€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,€Knoxville,€Apr.€26,€2002);€€òòState€v.€Joshua€L.Ð Ÿï ÐWebsteróó,€No.€E1999-02203-CCA-R3-CD,€slip€op.€at€3€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,€Knoxville,€Dec.€4,€2000);Ð ˆØ Ðòòsee€óóTenn.€Code€€Ann.€ðð€40-35-103(1)€(2003);€òòState€v.€Zeoliaóó,€928€S.W.2d€457,€461€(Tenn.€Crim.Ð qÁ ÐApp.€1996)€(when€presumption€of€favorable€candidacy€for€alternative€sentencing€options€applies,Ð Zª Ðstate€must€justify€confinement€by€showing€ð ðevidence€to€the€contraryðð€of€the€presumption).Ð C“ Ðà  à€à0 ` àÐ,|` (#` (# Ðà  àà ` àA€ð ðdefendant€shall€be€eligible€for€probation€.€.€.€€if€the€sentence€actually€imposedÐ e Ðupon€such€defendant€is€eight€(8)€years€or€less.ðð€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„303(a)€(2003).€€Ð þN ÐFurthermore,€when€a€defendant€is€statutorily€ineligible€for€probation,€she€is€òòper€se€óóineligible€forÐ ç 7 Ðcommunity€corrections.ò òó ó׃×Ý ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×ò òó ó€òòIdóó.€ðð€40-36-106(c)€(2003);€€òòState€v.€Kendrickóó,€10€S.W.3d€650,€655€(Tenn.Ð Ð!   ÐCrim.€App.€1999);€òòState€v.€Grigsbyóó,€957€S.W.2d€541,€546€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1997).€€Thus,€not€onlyÐ ¼" ! Ðis€the€defendant€in€the€present€case€not€entitled€to€a€presumption€of€favorable€candidacy€forÐ ¥#õ" Ðalternative€sentencing,€she€is€neither€eligible€for€community€corrections€placement€nor€straightÐ Ž$Þ# Ðprobation.€€Ð w%Ç $ Ðâ âÐ `&°!% Ðà  àà ` àWe€hold€that€the€record€supports€the€trial€courtððs€denial€of€alternative€sentencing.€Ð ° Ðâ âIn€so€doing,€upon€our€òòde€novoóó€review,€we€base€our€decision€upon€a€different€fulcrum€than€that€usedÐ ™é Ðby€the€trial€court.€€In€short,€although€the€trial€court€relied€upon€the€need€for€deterrence€as€a€basis€forÐ ‚Ò Ðordering€full€confinement,€òòsee€óóTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„103(1)(B)€(2003)€(listing€deterrence€as€aÐ k» Ðbasis€for€overcoming€a€presumption€of€favorable€candidacy€for€alternative€sentencing€and€€requiringÐ T¤ Ðconfinement),€we€are€unconvinced€that€the€record€establishes€this€need,€òòsee€State€v.€Hooperóó,€29Ð =  ÐS.W.3d€1,€10„12€(Tenn.€2000)€(when€deterrence€is€sole€basis€for€ordering€confinement,€record€as€aÐ & v Ðwhole€should€demonstrate€that€a€need€to€deter€the€crime€exists€in€the€particular€community,Ð  _ Ðjurisdiction,€or€state€as€a€whole);€òòState€v.€Bottomsóó,€87€S.W.3d€95,€103„04€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€2001)Ð ø H Ð(finding€a€need€for€deterrence€unsupported€in€the€record).€€That€said,€we€point€out€that€there€is€noÐ á 1  Ðpresumption€of€favorable€candidacy€for€alternative€sentencing€at€work€in€the€present€case,€and€asÐ Ê   Ðpointed€out€above,€the€state€labors€under€no€burden€to€justify€an€incarcerative€sentence€via€theÐ ³  Ðconsiderations€such€as€deterrence.€òòSee€óóTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„103(1)(B)€(2003);€òòJoshua€L.Ð œì  ÐWebsteróó,€slip€op.€at€3.€€Ð …Õ  ÐÌà  àà ` àThus,€we€take€a€different€tack.€€A€key€factor€in€the€evaluation€of€suitability€for€aÐ W§  Ðsentence€involving€a€probationary€provision€€is€the€defendantððs€amenability€to€rehabilitation.€€òòSee€óóÐ @ ÐTenn.€Code€€Ann.€ðð€40-35-102(5)€(2003)òò;€see€also€id.€óóðð€40-35-103(5)€(2003);€òòStiller€v.€Stateóó,€516Ð )y ÐS.W.2d€617,€620€(Tenn.€1974).€€In€the€present€case,€several€circumstances€undermine€confidenceÐ b Ðin€the€defendantððs€ability€to€be€rehabilitated.Ð ûK ÐÌà  àà ` àAlthough€in€her€sentencing€hearing€testimony€the€defendant€expressed€love€for€theÐ Í Ðvictim€and€remorse€for€the€June€17,€2002€incident,€she€admitted€that,€when€she€was€originallyÐ ¶ Ðquestioned€by€a€law€enforcement€officer,€she€not€only€denied€striking€the€victim€but€also€blamed€theÐ Ÿï Ðabuse€on€the€victimððs€father.€€Also,€during€her€testimony,€the€defendant€said,€ð ðIt€was€a€spanking€thatÐ ˆØ Ðwent€a€little€overboard.ðð€€Lack€of€candor€and€credibility€are€indications€of€a€defendantððs€poorÐ qÁ Ðpotential€for€rehabilitation.€€òòState€v.€Bunchóó,€646€S.W.2d€158,€160€(Tenn.€1983);€òòState€v.€Nunleyóó,€22Ð Zª ÐS.W.3d€282,€289€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1999).€€€Ð C“ ÐÌà  àà ` àAdditionally,€the€defendant€had€previously€been€convicted€of€assaulting€the€victimððsÐ e Ðfather,€Mr.€Warrick,€and€she€was€on€probation€for€this€assaultive€offense€when€she€abused€theÐ þN Ðvictim.€€We€believe€the€combination€of€these€circumstances€further€indicates€the€defendantððs€poorÐ ç 7 Ðprospects€for€rehabilitation.Ð Ð!   ÐÌà  àà ` àIn€short,€the€record€supports€the€trial€courtððs€judgment,€and€that€judgment€is€affirmed.Ð ¢#ò" ÐÌÌÌà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à___________________________________€Ð F'–"& Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àJAMES€CURWOOD€WITT,€JR.,€JUDGE