’WPCø ̌A«tóŽģŠīŁķŠbjfļ@žbZéÄDž\FV\,µ±` Ź»'ģ†Ņ–~ĆF޽“-š@FĪ·ø“āļ ?„Īł­Mß6&£3J1ŒxĖhæ»įČĆn€¢ž„gŽčSŠ%BMöÓ ®™bĆÜB-äQcSb¦āŖ7ł ŽŅ 李?Vī;Uy;½½ •¢įÜÆačdŸ-VšĆg®½aꇄ ņ›ūĒ’ēz "Ӛ`Ö»±Xå01¾󇖓žH}æ[^ĶųėØūid spHi›ļJpJm¬)/Ū鍤ƒr“S?hźO«-kį~„ĢܞVIŖ<³ŸNq1ÉŅ‚hsź×½A+Å[,!J5GµZQ–Uk\Lwķ¶ ~gaž'a„¾&žŸ¹œfXūÅ#C¾ŲWW-–©¦ųdųŗKŽY]ƒ ĆQ|uDüŗC[¤;?O`‚Ą«łBīGY?č"”žV »B®yCMŖ/ōDњŹ&پ%gq!#†} ¹‘ƒ £®õKŹf.?WÕXfT}ą&žqČ5h2ƒtĄmfĀ–Š 3ÕĖ‚•ōQĻ„åˆ Į'/[«eóĘmĻäyäQņ,~=(_&<±š‹_™ĪŹ–a….FÄY؈b %\^ b 0ˆnU NöwD4H\ zkŅå· m¹ #ĮŠ Š ʑ ĘW Ę Ęć ć N©©©E««««««««««««««««««««««««b­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ 0ėµµµµ B   0¤½ D3a D-” 0KĮĮ AS Ę_ 0¤% 0DÉ A« »©ƒ-s (`£Ŗ$””Ń€.ŃŃ8€½­»»d»»d8ŃŃ ż ŃÓ  Ó(ķ€"  Z6Times New Roman RegularüPH,ź:i¢×+003|x ˜C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wpt’U‹’ĄĄĄ˜HP LaserJet 4000 Series PCL 6ČČ,,,,ČČ0Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5‚Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5„Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5…Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5- ł-(|G2žn$¤¤Ż ƒ£Ŗ!ŻŃ€.ŃŃ8€»»dd8ŃŃ ż ŃÓ  ÓŻ  Żą  ąņņŚ  Ś0Ś  ŚóóŌ€ō¹ņ»»Ō d(|3¾ļ$££Ż ƒ£Ŗ!ŻŃ€.ŃŃ8€»»dd8ŃŃ ż ŃÓ  ÓŻ  ŻVVVV'’’dxd)!ČČČČdxdx( ±ž$’’ņ ņFigure€Ś  Ś1Ś  Śó ó^_X`YEž’<<C’’ƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(|3¾ļ$¢¢Ż ƒ£Ŗ!ŻŃ€.ŃŃ8€»»dd8ŃŃ ż ŃÓ  ÓŻ  Ż($$””ņ ņŚ  Ś1Ś  Śó óX[Z&OLE 2.0 Box <=8’’’’’’’’’’C’’ HKKKKŻ ƒ£Ŗ!ŻŃ€.ŃŃ8€»»ddČ8ŃŃ ż ŃÓ  ÓŻ  ŻŌ_ŌŃ  ŃŃ8€UįXXdģ»»d8Ńą@ttģąŌ‡ī lī»»ŌIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEˆŠ ° Šą@kk$ģąAT€NASHVILLEŌ#†»»īī lį#ԈŠ Ö& Šą@Ī Ī ģąAssigned€on€Briefs€July€17,€2002ˆŠ üL ŠĢą@ÓÓģąņ ņSTATE€OF€TENNESSEEņņ€óó€v.€€ANDRE€D.€Ō_ŌKIMBROUGHŌ_Ōņņóóó óˆŠ  p ŠĢŌ€XUįX»»Ōą@Į Į ģąņ ņDirect€Appeal€from€the€Criminal€Court€for€Davidson€CountyˆŠ F – Šą@7 7 ģąNo.€99„B„1111€€€€€€Steve€R.€Dozier,€JudgeˆŠ 2 ‚ ŠĢĢą@ģģ*ģąßA€V) °°` d€÷E<õ` A߈Š öF  ŠĢą@ƒ ƒ ģąNo.€M2001„02149„CCA„R3„CD€„€Filed€December€3,€Ō_Ō2002Ō_ԈŠ ńA  ŠĢßA€V) °°` dE<Č` Aߊ É  Šó óĢDefendant,€Andre€Ō_ŌKimbroughŌ_Ō,€appeals€his€conviction€in€the€Davidson€County€Criminal€Court€forŠ Ä Šsecond€degree€murder.€€Defendant€argues€that€the€trial€court€erred€by:€1)€failing€to€act€as€a€thirteenthŠ ° Šjuror;€2)€permitting€the€State€to€impeach€the€Defendant€using€prior€bad€acts€without€giving€properŠ œģ Šnotice€to€the€Defendant;€and€3)€not€applying€certain€mitigating€factors€in€sentencing€Defendant.€€WeŠ ˆŲ Šaffirm€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court.Š tÄ ŠĢą@ļļģąņ ņTenn.€R.€App.€P.€3€Appeal€as€of€Right;€Judgment€of€the€Trial€Court€Affirmedó ó.ˆŠ Lœ ŠĢņņThomas€T.€Ō_ŌWoodallŌ_Ō,€J.óó,€delivered€the€opinion€of€the€court,€in€which€ņņJames€Ō_ŌCurwoodŌ_Ō€Ō_ŌWittŌ_Ō,€Jr.,Š (x Šóóand€ņņAlan€E.€Glenn,óó€JJ.,€joined.Š d ŠĢEdward€S.€Ryan,€Nashville,€Tennessee,€for€the€appellant,€Andre€D.€Ō_ŌKimbroughŌ_Ō.€€Š ģ< ŠĢPaul€G.€Summers,€Attorney€General€and€Reporter;€Helena€Walton€Ō_ŌYarbroughŌ_Ō,€Assistant€AttorneyŠ Ä ŠGeneral;€Victor€S.€Johnson,€III,€District€Attorney€General;€and€Renee€Ō_ŌErbŌ_Ō,€Assistant€District€AttorneyŠ ° ŠGeneral,€for€the€appellee,€State€of€Tennessee.Š œ ģ ŠĢą@66'ģąņ ņOPINIONó óˆŠ t"Ä! ŠĢņ ņI.€€Factsó óŠ L$œ# ŠĢą  ąOn€December€28,€1998,€Defendant€shot€and€killed€Cedric€Martin.€€The€victimššs€girlfriend,Š $&t!% ŠMelissa€Hunter,€testified€that€on€that€morning,€she€and€the€victim€were€driving€down€North€SixthŠ '`"& ŠStreet€in€Nashville,€a€couple€of€streets€from€where€the€victim€lived€with€his€mother.€€They€drove€pastŠ ü'L#' Štwo€men€walking€down€the€street.€€The€victim€said,€š šOh,€thereššs€my€boy,šš€and€pulled€over€on€theŠ č(8$( Šside€of€the€street.€He€backed€up€to€where€the€men€were€standing.€€Hunter€testified€that€the€victim€gotŠ Ō)$%) Šout€of€the€car,€and€he€and€the€Defendant€gave€each€other€a€š šhigh€five.šš€€They€were€talking€andŠ Ą*&* Šlaughing,€but€she€could€not€hear€what€was€being€said.€€The€three€men€stood€on€the€sidewalk€besideŠ ¬+ü&+ Šthe€car€and€talked€for€about€ten€minutes.€€The€victim€opened€the€car€door€and€picked€up€his€cellŠ ˜,č', Šphone,€which€was€lying€in€the€driverššs€seat,€and€threw€it€into€Hunterššs€lap.€€He€put€one€foot€insideŠ „-Ō(-żB ŠŌ_Ōthe€car€to€get€in,€and€Defendant€grabbed€his€pocket.€€The€victim€got€out€of€the€car€and€let€the€car€doorŠ ° Šshut.€€Hunter€saw€Defendant€grab€the€victimššs€pocket€a€few€more€times,€and€the€victim€pushedŠ œģ ŠDefendant€away€each€time€in€a€playful€manner.€€The€last€time€this€happened,€the€victim€pushedŠ ˆŲ ŠDefendant€hard€enough€to€make€Defendant€stumble€and€lose€his€balance.€€Hunter€testified€thatŠ tÄ ŠDefendantššs€facial€expression€then€changed€to€anger.€€Defendant€came€towards€the€victim€andŠ `° Šjumped€up€and€grabbed€him€in€a€headlock.€€Hunter€saw€š šfirešš€come€out€of€Defendantššs€sleeve.€€TheŠ L œ Švictim€appeared€to€be€hurt,€and€she€saw€him€take€off€running€down€the€street.€€Defendant€ran€afterŠ 8 ˆ Šhim.Š $ t ŠĢą  ąHunter€got€into€the€driverššs€side€of€the€car€and€drove€away.€€As€she€did,€the€third€man€ranŠ ü L  Šaway€from€the€scene€in€the€same€direction€in€which€she€was€driving.€€Hunter€drove€a€couple€ofŠ č 8  Šstreets€away€and€stopped€the€car€because€the€victimššs€cell€phone€rang.€€She€answered€it,€thinking€itŠ Ō$  Šmight€be€the€victim€calling€from€his€motherššs€house,€but€it€was€not.€€She€then€returned€to€the€streetŠ Ą  Šwhere€she€left€the€victim.€€She€saw€police€cars€and€the€victimššs€sweater€lying€in€the€street,€but€theŠ ¬ü  Švictim€and€Defendant€were€gone.€€She€testified€that€five€minutes€elapsed€between€the€time€she€droveŠ ˜č  Šaway€and€when€she€returned.€€Hunter€also€testified€that€she€had€been€with€the€victim€since€the€nightŠ „Ō  Šbefore,€and€at€no€time€did€she€see€him€with€a€gun.Š pĄ ŠĢą  ąKevin€Robinson€testified€for€the€defense€at€trial.€€He€was€with€Defendant€on€the€morning€ofŠ H˜ Šthe€shooting.€€He€and€Defendant€were€on€North€Sixth€Street€when€the€victim€drove€by.€€The€victimŠ 4„ Šbacked€his€car€up€to€where€they€were€standing,€got€out€of€the€car,€and€began€talking€with€Defendant.€Š  p ŠRobinson€testified€that€they€began€to€argue€over€$100,€which€Defendant€apparently€owed€the€victim.€Š  \ ŠHe€saw€the€victim€get€in€his€car,€and€then€get€back€out€and€begin€arguing€with€Defendant€again.€Š ųH ŠWhile€they€were€arguing,€Robinson€started€to€walk€away€from€them.€€He€heard€three€gunshots€andŠ ä4 Šturned€around€to€look€back.€€He€saw€the€two€men€struggling,€but€he€could€not€tell€which€one€hadŠ Š  Šcontrol€of€the€gun.€€He€testified€that€he€had€been€with€Defendant€all€morning,€and€that€he€did€not€seeŠ ¼  ŠDefendant€with€a€gun.€€On€cross„examination,€however,€Robinson€testified€that€at€one€point,€he€sawŠ Øų ŠDefendant€and€the€victim€circling€each€other,€and€Defendant€was€threatening€the€victim€with€a€gun.€Š ”ä ŠHe€also€admitted€that€after€the€shooting,€he€told€police€that€the€victim€did€not€have€a€gun€and€thatŠ €Š ŠDefendant€did€have€one.Š l¼ ŠĢą  ąThe€morning€of€the€shooting,€Zachary€Newsom€was€inside€his€house€on€North€Sixth€Street,Š D!” Šwatching€television€with€his€daughter€when€he€heard€gunshots.€€Mr.€Newsom€went€outside,€whereŠ 0"€  Šhe€saw€Defendant,€whom€he€knew€from€around€the€neighborhood,€and€another€man€having€aŠ #l! Šconfrontation€in€the€street.€€Mr.€Newsom€testified€that€Defendant€had€a€gun,€and€he€was€holding€itŠ $X" Šin€the€air,€pointing€it€at€the€victim.€€He€testified€that€the€victim€was€shielding€his€face€fromŠ ō$D # ŠDefendant,€and€that€the€two€men€were€circling€each€other€in€the€street.€€Mr.€Newsom€testified€thatŠ ą%0!$ Šthe€victim€was€š štrying€to€get€out€from€under€that€pistol.šš€€Mr.€Newsom€did€not€see€a€weapon€in€theŠ Ģ&"% Švictimššs€hand.€€The€victim€was€holding€what€appeared€to€be€two€twenty€dollar€bills€in€one€hand.€€Mr.Š ø'#& ŠNewsom€could€not€see€Defendantššs€face,€and€he€did€not€hear€what€Defendant€and€the€victim€wereŠ ¤(ō#' Šsaying€to€each€other,€but€he€testified€that,€judging€by€the€victimššs€body€language,€he€appeared€to€beŠ )ą$( Šš špleading€for€his€life.šš€€Mr.€Newsom€began€to€approach€the€two€men,€saying,€š šDonššt€go€out€likeŠ |*Ģ%) Šthat.šš€€Defendant€and€the€victim€made€one€complete€circle€around€each€other,€and€then€DefendantŠ h+ø&* Šshot€the€victim.€€Mr.€Newsom€remembered€hearing€two€gunshots.€€After€Defendant€shot€the€victim,Š ° Šhe€ran€past€Mr.€Newsom€and€said,€š šYou€didnššt€see€nothing.šš€€Mr.€Newsom€said,€š šYeah,€right,šš€andŠ œģ Šthen€went€inside€the€house€next€door€to€get€a€towel.€€He€went€over€to€the€victim€to€help€him,€andŠ ˆŲ Šcould€see€that€the€victim€had€been€shot€in€the€eye.Š tÄ ŠĢą  ąThe€pathologist€testified€that€the€victim€died€from€multiple€gunshot€wounds€to€the€left€eye,Š L œ Šthe€abdomen,€and€the€right€hand.€€The€wound€to€the€victimššs€hand€was€such€that€the€palm€of€his€handŠ 8 ˆ Šwas€facing€the€gun.€€He€had€no€bruises€on€his€body€to€indicate€that€he€had€been€physically€fighting.Š $ t ŠĢą  ąTwo€other€witnesses€testified€that€they€saw€Defendant€shoot€the€victim€in€the€street€on€theŠ ü L  Šmorning€of€December€28,€1998.€€Jean€Osborne€was€inside€cooking€when€she€looked€out€the€kitchenŠ č 8  Šwindow€and€saw€two€men€š šplaying€aroundšš€with€each€other€beside€a€car.€€One€of€the€men€pushedŠ Ō$  Šthe€other€away€and€ran€down€the€street.€€He€was€running€hard€and€zigzagging€back€and€forth€acrossŠ Ą  Šthe€street.€€Defendant€was€chasing€him€and€shooting€at€him.€€Ms.€Osborne€ran€to€her€living€room€toŠ ¬ü  Šcheck€on€her€children.€€When€she€looked€out€her€front€door,€she€saw€that€the€victim€had€fallen€in€theŠ ˜č  Šstreet.€€She€testified€that€Defendant€ran€up€to€him,€stood€over€him,€and€shot€two€or€three€more€times.€Š „Ō  ŠAfter€the€victim€fell,€Defendant€stood€straddling€the€victim€and€said€something€to€him.€€Then,Š pĄ ŠDefendant€walked€away€from€the€victim.Š \¬ ŠĢą  ąYolanda€Brooks,€who€lived€near€the€location€of€the€shooting,€testified€that€she€was€asleep€inŠ 4„ Šbed€when€she€heard€the€sounds€of€gunshots€and€tires€squealing.€€She€jumped€up€and€looked€out€herŠ  p Šbedroom€window.€€She€saw€Defendant€standing€in€the€street,€pointing€a€gun€at€the€victimššs€face.€€TheŠ  \ Švictim€and€Defendant€did€not€appear€to€be€fighting.€€Next,€she€saw€Defendant€shoot€the€victim.€€SheŠ ųH Šput€on€her€robe€and€coat€to€go€outside.€€When€she€got€outside,€Defendant€was€gone.€€Ms.€BrooksŠ ä4 Šnever€told€the€police€or€the€District€Attorney€what€she€saw.€€She€only€decided€to€come€forward€onŠ Š  Šthe€day€she€gave€her€testimony.Š ¼  ŠĢą  ąDetective€Tim€Mason€assisted€in€locating€Defendant€in€connection€with€the€shooting€of€theŠ ”ä Švictim.€€In€March€of€1999,€he€received€information€that€Defendant€was€at€an€apartment€complex€inŠ €Š ŠNashville.€€He€and€another€officer€drove€in€unmarked€police€cars€to€the€apartment€complex.€€TheyŠ l¼ Šdrove€past€Defendant,€who€was€sitting€in€a€car€outside€the€complex.€€They€tried€to€back€their€cars€upŠ X Ø Što€block€him€in,€but€Defendant€sped€away.€€The€officers€drove€around€the€building€to€head€him€off.€Š D!” ŠWhen€they€encountered€him€on€the€other€side€of€the€building,€Defendant€jumped€out€of€his€car€andŠ 0"€  Šran€inside€the€apartment€building.€€After€forty„five€minutes€of€negotiations,€Defendant€came€outsideŠ #l! Šand€was€arrested.Š $X" ŠĢą  ąDefendant€took€the€stand€in€his€own€defense.€€He€testified€that€he€owed€the€victim€$100€fromŠ ą%0!$ Ša€bet€they€had€made€about€a€week€prior€to€the€shooting.€€When€he€saw€the€victim€on€the€morning€ofŠ Ģ&"% Šthe€shooting,€the€victim€asked€for€the€money€Defendant€owed€him,€but€Defendant€did€not€have€it.€Š ø'#& ŠThen€the€victim€called€someone€on€his€cell€phone€and€told€whomever€he€was€talking€to€that€he€wasŠ ¤(ō#' Šwith€Defendant,€and€he€was€not€going€to€let€him€leave.€€The€victim€then€went€to€his€car€and€cameŠ )ą$( Šback€over€to€Defendant€without€his€phone.€€He€pulled€out€a€gun€and€put€it€to€Defendantššs€head.€Š |*Ģ%) ŠDefendant€grabbed€for€the€gun€and€it€fired.€€They€were€struggling€for€the€gun€and€leaning€against€theŠ h+ø&* Šback€of€the€victimššs€car€when€the€victimššs€girlfriend€drove€off.€€They€both€fell€to€the€ground,€and€theŠ ° Šgun€fired€again.€€Defendant€testified€that€a€piece€of€the€bullet€hit€his€face.€€Defendant€wrestled€theŠ œģ Šgun€away€from€the€victim€and€when€the€victim€grabbed€for€it,€Defendant€shot€him.€€Defendant€didŠ ˆŲ Šnot€talk€to€police€from€the€time€of€the€shooting€until€his€arrest€in€March€of€1999.Š tÄ ŠĢņ ņII.€€Verdict€Against€the€Weight€of€the€Evidenceó óŠ L œ ŠĢą  ąDefendant€contends€that€the€trial€court€erred€by€failing€to€act€as€a€thirteenth€juror.€€DefendantŠ $ t Šargues€that€the€weight€of€the€evidence€preponderates€against€the€verdict€of€the€jury.€€Pursuant€to€RuleŠ  ` Š33(f)€of€the€Tennessee€Rules€of€Criminal€Procedure,€the€trial€court€has€the€authority€to€reverse€aŠ ü L  Šjuryššs€verdict€when€it€determines€that€the€verdict€is€contrary€to€the€weight€of€the€evidence.€€ThisŠ č 8  ŠCourt,€however,€may€not€reweigh€or€reevaluate€the€evidence€on€appeal.€€ņņSeeóó€ņņState€v.€Cabbageóó,€571Š Ō$  ŠS.W.2d€832,€835€(Tenn.€1978).€€The€accuracy€of€the€trial€courtššs€determination€as€a€š šthirteenth€jurorššŠ Ą  Šis€not€subject€to€appellate€review.€€ņņState€v.€Moatsóó,€906€S.W.2d€431,€435€(Tenn.€1995)€(citing€ņņStateŠ ¬ü  Šv.€Burlisonóó,€868€S.W.2d€713,€719€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1993)).€€Once€the€trial€court€approves€theŠ ˜č  Šverdict€of€the€jury€and€denies€a€defendantššs€request€for€a€new€trial,€our€review€is€limited.€€ņņBurlisonóó,Š „Ō  Š868€S.W.2d€at€719.€€An€appellate€court€may€grant€a€new€trial€only€where€the€trial€court€has€š šņņfailedóóŠ pĄ Što€act€as€the€thirteenth€juror.šš€€ņņMoatsóó,€906€S.W.2d€at€435€(emphasis€added).€€In€this€case,€the€trialŠ \¬ Šcourt€approved€the€juryššs€verdict€by€overruling€Defendantššs€motion€for€new€trial.€€We€conclude€thatŠ H˜ Šthe€trial€court€exercised€its€authority€as€thirteenth€juror.€€Therefore,€we€will€not€disturb€the€trialŠ 4„ Šcourtššs€determination€that€the€weight€of€the€evidence€supported€the€jury€verdict.Š  p ŠĢą  ąWhile€a€defendant€may€not€challenge€on€appeal€the€weight€of€the€convicting€evidence,€he€orŠ ųH Šshe€may€challenge€the€sufficiency€of€the€convicting€evidence.€€To€the€extent€that€DefendantššsŠ ä4 Šargument€may€be€construed€as€a€challenge€to€the€sufficiency€of€the€evidence,€we€conclude€that€theŠ Š  Ševidence€was€sufficient.€€Defendant€was€convicted€of€second€degree€murder,€which€requires€proofŠ ¼  Šthat€Defendant€knowingly€killed€another€person.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€šš€39„13„210(a)(1).€€At€trial,Š Øų ŠDefendant€did€not€deny€having€shot€the€victim.€€Instead,€he€asserted€self„defense.€€When€a€defendantŠ ”ä Šraises€the€defense€of€self„defense,€the€State€has€the€burden€of€proving€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt€thatŠ €Š Šthe€defendant€did€not€act€in€self„defense.€€ņņSee€State€v.€Belseróó,€945€S.W.2d€776,€782€(Tenn.€Crim.Š l¼ ŠApp.€1996).Š X Ø ŠĢą  ąDefendant€submits€that€the€jury€could€not€possibly€have€reached€the€verdict€it€reached.€Š 0"€  ŠDefendant€argues€that,€viewing€the€evidence€in€a€light€most€favorable€to€the€State,€the€proof€isŠ #l! Šoverwhelming€that€the€victim€was€the€original€aggressor.€€Defendant€relies€on€testimony€that€theŠ $X" Švictim€stopped€his€car€and€approached€Defendant€in€the€street.€€He€also€points€out€that€the€State€didŠ ō$D # Šnot€present€evidence€establishing€who€brought€the€gun.€€Whether€a€defendant€acted€in€his€ownŠ ą%0!$ Šdefense€is€a€question€for€the€exclusive€determination€of€the€jury.€€ņņSee€State€v.€Goodeóó,€956€S.W.2dŠ Ģ&"% Š521,€527€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1997);€ņņState€v.€Ivyóó,€868€S.W.2d€724,€727€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1993).€Š ø'#& ŠFurthermore,€where€a€defendant€provokes€the€initial€use€of€force,€the€availability€of€the€defense€isŠ ¤(ō#' Šnegated.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€šš€39„11„611(d);€ņņsee€State€v.€Inlowóó,€52€S.W.3d€101,€109€(Tenn.€Crim.Š )ą$( Šā āApp.€2001).Š |*Ģ%) Šą  ąWe€find€ample€evidence€in€the€record€to€support€the€juryššs€rejection€of€Defendantššs€self„Š ° Šā ādefense€claim.€€Viewing€the€evidence€in€a€light€most€favorable€to€the€State,€the€victim€pushedŠ œģ ŠDefendant€away€after€Defendant€grabbed€at€the€victimššs€pockets.€€Defendant€then€jumped€up€andŠ ˆŲ Šgrabbed€the€victim€in€a€headlock€and€shot€him.€€The€victim€ran€away€from€Defendant,€and€DefendantŠ tÄ Šchased€him€down€the€street.€€Defendant€then€shot€the€unarmed€victim€in€the€face€and€ran€away.€Š `° ŠZachary€Newsom€testified€that€he€saw€Defendant€point€a€gun€at€the€victimššs€face,€and€the€victimŠ L œ Šshielded€his€face€and€appeared€to€be€š špleading€for€his€life.šš€€Kevin€Robinson,€who€testified€for€theŠ 8 ˆ Šdefense,€also€saw€Defendant€and€the€victim€circling€each€other€in€the€street,€and€he€testified€thatŠ $ t ŠDefendant€was€threatening€the€victim€with€a€gun.€€Jean€Osborne€testified€that€she€saw€DefendantŠ  ` Šchase€the€victim€down€the€street€and€shoot€at€him.€€Yolanda€Brooks€testified€that€she€saw€DefendantŠ ü L  Šshoot€the€victim€in€his€face.€€Three€witnesses,€Newsom,€Osborne€and€Brooks,€all€testified€thatŠ č 8  ŠDefendant€and€the€victim€did€not€appear€to€be€fighting.€€The€only€evidence€to€the€contrary€is€theŠ Ō$  ŠDefendantššs€own€testimony€that€he€shot€the€victim€while€struggling€for€possession€of€the€gun.€€BasedŠ Ą  Šon€the€evidence€in€the€record,€we€conclude€that€the€evidence€is€sufficient€to€support€beyond€aŠ ¬ü  Šreasonable€doubt€the€Defendantššs€conviction€for€second€degree€murder.Š ˜č  ŠĢņ ņIII.€€Impeachment€Without€Proper€Notice€to€Defendantó óŠ pĄ ŠĢą  ąDefendant€contends€that€the€trial€court€erred€by€allowing€the€State€to€impeach€the€DefendantŠ H˜ Šwith€evidence€of€prior€convictions€without€giving€proper€notice€to€the€Defendant,€in€violation€ofŠ 4„ ŠRule€609(a)(3)€of€the€Tennessee€Rules€of€Evidence.€€Tennessee€Rule€of€Evidence€609(a)(3)€providesŠ  p Šthat€š šthe€State€must€give€the€accused€reasonable€written€notice€of€the€impeaching€conviction€beforeŠ  \ Štrial.šš€€This€means€that€the€State€must€notify€the€Defendant€in€writing€that€it€intends€to€impeach€theŠ ųH ŠDefendantššs€credibility€at€trial€with€a€prior€conviction.€€ņņState€v.€Farmeróó,€841€S.W.2d€837,€839€(Tenn.Š ä4 ŠCrim.€App.€1992).Š Š  ŠĢą  ąPursuant€to€Rule€16(a)(1)(B)€of€the€Tennessee€Rules€of€Criminal€Procedure,€the€StateŠ Øų Šfurnished€Defendant€with€a€copy€of€his€prior€criminal€record€in€response€to€a€request€for€discovery.€Š ”ä ŠIn€its€discovery€response,€the€State€included€the€following€statement:€š šShould€the€Defendant€testifyŠ €Š Šat€trial,€the€State€intends€to€use€the€prior€criminal€record€during€cross„examination€for€impeachmentŠ l¼ Šand€enhancement€purposes,€pursuant€to€ņņState€v.€Morganóó,€609€and€405.šš€€Prior€to€the€presentation€ofŠ X Ø ŠDefendantššs€proof,€the€trial€court€conducted€a€jury„out€hearing€to€determine€the€admissibility€ofŠ D!” ŠDefendantššs€prior€convictions.€€After€a€discussion,€the€trial€court€ruled€that€Defendantššs€1997Š 0"€  Šconviction€for€possession€of€cocaine€with€intent€to€sell€was€admissible€for€impeachment€purposes.€Š #l! ŠThe€trial€court€found€that€the€Stateššs€notice€failed€to€satisfy€the€requirements€of€Rule€609(a)(3).€€TheŠ $X" Štrial€court€ruled,€however,€that€the€Stateššs€notice€was€sufficient,€finding€that€Defendant€could€notŠ ō$D # Šshow€how€the€Stateššs€technical€noncompliance€resulted€in€prejudice€to€Defendant.Š ą%0!$ ŠĢą  ąIn€ņņState€v.€Barnardóó,€899€S.W.2d€617€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1994),€the€prosecutor€provided€theŠ ø'#& Šdefendant€with€a€discovery€response,€outlining€the€defendantššs€criminal€record.€€In€ņņBarnardóó,€thisŠ ¤(ō#' ŠCourt€concluded€that€the€State€failed€to€give€notice€of€its€intent€to€use€the€prior€convictions€toŠ )ą$( Šā āimpeach€the€accused,€and€therefore,€the€actual€notice€requirement€of€Rule€609(a)(3)€was€notŠ |*Ģ%) Šsatisfied.€€We€concluded,€however,€that€the€defendant€was€not€prejudiced€by€the€Stateššs€failure€toŠ ° Šcomply€with€Rule€609,€and€therefore,€the€error€was€harmless.€€ņņBarnardóó,€899€S.W.2d€at€622.Š œģ Šā āÓĢĢÓĢÓĢĢEUÓą  ąHere,€as€in€ņņBarnardóó,€the€State€furnished€the€Defendant€with€his€criminal€record€in€responseŠ D” Što€Defendantššs€request€for€discovery.€€Unlike€ņņBarnardóó,€however,€in€this€case,€the€State€satisfied€RuleŠ 0€ Š609(a)(3)€by€including€a€statement€of€its€intent€to€use€Defendantššs€prior€convictions€for€impeachmentŠ  l Špurposes.€€We€conclude€that€the€State€complied€with€the€requirements€of€Rule€609(a)(3)€by€givingŠ  X Šwritten€notice€of€its€intent€to€impeach€Defendant€with€prior€convictions.Š ō D ŠÓĢĢÓĢÓĢĢÄWÓą  ąWe€do€not€believe€that€Rule€609(a)(3)€requires€the€filing€of€a€separate€notice.€€To€mandateŠ œ ģ  Ša€separate€notice€would€be€to€place€form€over€substance.€€The€requirements€of€Rule€609(a)(3)€includeŠ ˆ Ų  Šthat€notice€be€reasonable€and€written€and€that€a€determination€be€made€that€the€probative€value€ofŠ tÄ  Šthe€impeaching€conviction€outweighs€its€prejudicial€effect.€€Therefore,€notice€in€a€discovery€responseŠ `°  Šis€acceptable,€as€long€as€it€satisfies€those€requirements.€€Here,€the€State€provided€timely,€reasonable,Š Lœ  Šwritten€notice€of€Defendantššs€prior€convictions€and€the€Stateššs€intent€to€use€those€convictions€toŠ 8ˆ  Šimpeach€Defendant.€€Defendant€is€not€entitled€to€relief€on€this€issue.Š $t  ŠÓĢĢÓĢņ ņIV.€€Mitigating€Factorsó óŠ Ģ ŠĢÓĢĢ)[Óą  ąDefendant€contends€that€the€trial€court€erred€in€sentencing€him.€€Defendant€argues€that€theŠ D” Štrial€court€should€have€applied€the€following€mitigating€factors€in€determining€his€sentence:€1)Š 0€ ŠDefendant€acted€under€strong€provocation;€2)€substantial€grounds€exist€tending€to€excuse€or€justifyŠ l ŠDefendantššs€criminal€conduct,€though€failing€to€establish€a€defense;€and€3)€Defendant€acted€underŠ X Šduress€even€though€the€duress€is€not€sufficient€to€constitute€a€defense€to€the€crime.€€ņņóóTenn.€Code€Ann.Š ōD Ššš€40„35„113(2),€(3),€and€(12).€€The€State€correctly€points€out€that€Defendant€has€waived€the€issue€byŠ ą0 Šfailing€to€support€his€argument€with€citations€to€authorities€and€appropriate€references€to€the€recordŠ Ģ Šas€required€by€Rule€10(b)€of€the€Rules€of€the€Court€of€Criminal€Appeals.€€Although€Defendantššs€briefŠ ø Šis€deficient€in€that€regard,€we€nevertheless€address€the€issue€on€the€merits,€and€conclude€that€the€trialŠ ¤ō Šcourt€properly€sentenced€Defendant.Š ą ŠÓĢĢÓĢÓĢĢ`Óą  ąWhen€a€defendant€appeals€the€nature€or€length€of€his€sentence,€our€review€of€the€record€isŠ 8ˆ Šņņde€novoóó€with€a€presumption€of€correctness.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€šš€40„35„401(d).€€We€may€not€disturbŠ $ t Šthe€sentence€as€long€as€the€trial€court€followed€the€statutory€sentencing€procedure,€made€findings€ofŠ !`  Šfact€that€are€adequately€supported€in€the€record,€and€gave€due€consideration€and€proper€weight€to€theŠ ü!L! Šfactors€and€principles€relevant€to€sentencing€under€the€1989€Sentencing€Act.€€€ņņState€v.€Adamsóó,€45Š č"8" ŠS.W.3d€46,€56€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€2000)€(citing€ņņState€v.€Fletcheróó,€805€S.W.2d€785,€789€(Tenn.€Crim.Š Ō#$# ŠApp.€1991)).Š Ą$ $ ŠÓĢĢÓĢÓĢĢ@cÓą  ąDefendant€was€convicted€for€second€degree€murder,€a€Class€A€felony.€€Tenn.€Code.€Ann.€ššŠ h&ø!& Š39„13„210(b).€€For€a€Range€I€standard€offender,€the€sentencing€range€for€a€Class€A€felony€is€not€lessŠ T'¤"' Šthan€fifteen€and€not€more€than€twenty„five€years.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€šš€40„35„112(a)(1).€€TheŠ @(#( Špresumptive€sentence€for€a€Class€A€felony€is€the€midpoint€in€the€range,€twenty€years€in€this€case,Š ,)|$) Šwhen€there€are€no€enhancement€or€mitigating€factors€present.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€šš€40„35„210(c).€Š *h%* ŠWhere€one€or€more€enhancement€factors€apply,€but€no€mitigating€factors€exist,€the€trial€court€mayŠ +T&+ Šimpose€a€sentence€greater€than€the€presumptive€sentence,€but€still€within€the€range.€€ņņSeeóó€Tenn.€CodeŠ š+@', ŠAnn.€šš€40„35„210(d).€€Where€both€enhancement€and€mitigating€factors€apply,€the€trial€court€mayŠ ° Šenhance€the€sentence€above€the€presumptive€sentence€within€the€range€as€appropriate€for€theŠ œģ Šenhancement€factors,€and€then€reduce€the€sentence€within€the€range€as€appropriate€for€the€mitigatingŠ ˆŲ Šfactors.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€šš€40„35„210(e).€€The€weight€to€be€afforded€to€any€particular€factor€isŠ tÄ Šwithin€the€trial€courtššs€discretion.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€šš€40„35„210,€Sentencing€CommissionŠ `° ŠComments;€ņņState€v.€Hayesóó,€899€S.W.2d€175,€185€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1995).Š L œ ŠÓĢĢÓĢÓĢĢ]iÓą  ąAt€the€conclusion€of€the€sentencing€hearing,€the€trial€court€declined€to€apply€any€of€the€threeŠ ō D Šmitigating€factors€suggested€by€the€Defendant.€€The€trial€court€did,€however,€apply€four€statutoryŠ ą 0 Šenhancement€factors.€€The€trial€court€found€that€the€following€enhancement€factors€applied€toŠ Ģ   ŠDefendantššs€conviction:€Defendant€has€a€previous€history€of€criminal€convictions€or€criminalŠ ø   Šbehavior;€Defendant€has€a€previous€history€of€unwillingness€to€comply€with€the€conditions€of€aŠ ¤ō  Šsentence€involving€release€in€the€communityņņóó;€Defendant€used€and€employed€a€firearmņņóó;€andŠ ą  ŠDefendant€committed€a€felony€offense€while€on€probation.€€ņņóóTenn.€Code€Ann.€šš€40„35„114(1),€(8),Š |Ģ  Š(9),€and€(13)(C).€€Based€on€its€findings,€the€trial€court€sentenced€Defendant,€a€Range€I€standardŠ hø  Šoffender,€to€twenty„five€years€imprisonment,€the€maximum€sentence,€to€be€served€consecutively€toŠ T¤  Ša€sentence€he€is€currently€serving€for€a€prior€conviction.ņņóóŠ @ ŠÓĢĢÓĢÓĢĢ nÓą  ąDefendant€does€not€challenge€the€trial€courtššs€application€of€the€enhancement€factors,€andŠ č8 Šwe€find€no€error€in€the€trial€courtššs€application€of€these€factors.€€The€trial€court€adequately€stated€itsŠ Ō$ Šreasons€for€applying€the€enhancement€factors,€and€the€record€supports€the€application€of€all€fourŠ Ą Šenhancement€factors.€€Defendant€argues€that€the€trial€court€should€have€applied€mitigating€factorsŠ ¬ü Š(2),€(3),€and€(12).€€ņņSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€šš€40„35„113.€€The€burden€is€on€Defendant€to€show€that€hisŠ ˜č Šsentence€was€improper.ņņóó€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€šš€40„35„401(d),€Sentencing€Commission€Comments.€€InŠ „Ō Šhis€brief,€Defendant€has€failed€to€offer€any€reasons€why€these€mitigating€factors€should€have€beenŠ pĄ Šapplied,€and€we€find€no€evidence€in€the€record€to€warrant€their€application.Š \¬ ŠÓĢĢÓĢÓĢĢńqÓą  ąThe€trial€court€properly€declined€to€apply€mitigating€factors€(2),€(3),€and€(12).€€In€our€view,Š T Šthere€was€little€evidence€of€provocation€or€justification.€€As€the€trial€court€noted,€the€jury€rejectedŠ š@ ŠDefendantššs€claim€of€self„defense,€and€in€doing€so,€apparently€discredited€Defendantššs€testimony.€Š Ü, ŠDefendant€testified€that€he€shot€the€victim€in€the€course€of€a€struggle€for€possession€of€the€gun.€Š Č ŠMultiple€witnesses€testified,€however,€that€they€saw€Defendant€chase€the€victim€down€the€street€andŠ “  Šshoot€him.€€The€victimššs€girlfriend€testified€that€the€victim€pushed€Defendant€onto€the€ground,€butŠ  !š  Šonly€after€Defendant€provoked€him€by€grabbing€his€pockets.€€We€find€no€evidence€to€justify€theŠ Œ"Ü! ŠDefendantššs€use€of€deadly€force,€nor€do€we€find€evidence€that€Defendant€acted€under€duress€or€theŠ x#Č" Šdomination€of€another€person.€€Furthermore,€even€if€some€evidence€of€mitigation€did€exist,€theŠ d$“# Šenhancement€factors€so€strongly€outweigh€the€mitigating€factors€that€the€maximum€sentence€isŠ P%  $ Šappropriate€here.€€ņņSee€State€v.€Belseróó,€945€S.W.2d€776,€792€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1996).Š <&Œ!% ŠÓĢĢÓĢą@FF%ģąņ ņCONCLUSIONó óˆŠ ä'4#' ŠĢÓĢĢ=wÓą0  ąAfter€a€careful€review€of€the€record,€we€affirm€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court.Š\)¬$)(#(# ŠĢą  ąą ` ąą ø ąą  ąą h ąą Ą ąą  ą___________________________________€Š 4+„&+ Šą  ąą ` ąą ø ąą  ąą h ąą Ą ąą  ąTHOMAS€T.€WOODALL,€JUDGE