ÿWPC3' Ïšý ïj;,ITfP95Á¶ý8á½óèuÿ`x¢ kk „ti?w³áwÆo0B(ôåŽNPÖ4£Cclgû¢. c~cyüœª©ö×Urïžäß‹6ê"¼¿ªAÆÍ*)–n-uÉżƒÎý!bKÔ¦\AÈ»Oðwí—r…,Ïǧü‹¨ãêÞ$ýêí“XÃ,E­ÃçÍÛFä$”f¢ÍÖ|$O[ÔnpÅü‰Íç3‹:Œ}*ÜÌp²î卯£%‚tgá_ªÎ)¡íw}~³ï*ò[yËßRæ›kL—]™Ð®‘¿ÁÓ"À† -²†¡›ŽcéL¹Þ†ÞšŸ€ì;ZŽ2ãŽXe…W¿¸Ùú½Ý™ÀqN nTLÀÊÄw¹þ³>+0‡Š:ã“•[µõ¼>6ûÑÃß*ïo3R3†47° –Fêjï(w£ýjVÒ´°ðc×u’É/Ž‘…ÏéBŽ2X¯þ“Е™«UhÔÍŒv<Þ+îã{Ò²²|•”fƒ¶@^ xiOçÂ/ùwÏÜ#|uÄ)3ˆ¹ÞŽh¯A,ÈwÁ•§àŠN-ørÆHlEúY!Z5n¥_¤D>—ù3ËõEÊu—-#P  ?8ïŠÚÇvBb#É\ %% UN+ 0ˆy UN 0ÑO ^ z, Ò¦ wx 4|  Ÿ Æ¡ ÆgÆ-Æó m¹NÐ 0ÅÒ 0D—EÛ 0³Ý 0­ 0§= 0¡ä 0›… 0•   1uµ 72*ú\hVY¾¾Ú ñññññññññbÀ  1eÉ!É!É!É!É!É!É!É!É!É!É!É!É! 0ë."."."." B## 0¤6# D5Ú# D-$ 0K<$<$ AS‡$ÆÚ$ 0¤ % 0DD& A«ˆ&˜\\IB01S08\KNOXCLERK3ÈÈ,,,,ÈÈ0»(ÖÃ9 Z‹6Times New Roman Regular(`£ª$¡¡Ñ€.ÑÑ8€½­»»d»»d8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  Ó(í€"  Z6Times New Roman Regular*GG ÿÿ(_16Ó ¨ý ÓÓ ° ÓÓ/%` ` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ /ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô€Ó/%` ` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ /ÓÓ ¨ý ÓÓ ° ÓÛ¡E1Þ  ˜C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wptóbï.3|xLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5‚Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5„Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5…Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5ÿU‹ÿÀÀÀ*AA ÿÿ(_17Ó  ÓÓ5+° °` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ 5ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô€Ó5+° °` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ 5ÓÓ  Ó(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó*88 ÿÿ(_15Ó  ÓÓ,"¸ ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ ,ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô€Ó,"¸ ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ ,ÓÓ  Ó*55 ÿÿ(_14Ó ` ÓÓ) hÀpÈ xÐ )ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô€Ó) hÀpÈ xÐ )ÓÓ ` Ó*22 ÿÿ(_13Ó ¸ ÓÓ&hhÀpÈ xÐ &ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô€Ó&hhÀpÈ xÐ &ÓÓ ¸ Ó*// ÿÿ(_12Ó  ÓÓ#ÀÀpÈ xÐ #ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô€Ó#ÀÀpÈ xÐ #ÓÓ  Ó*,, ÿÿ(_11Ó h ÓÓ pÈ xÐ ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô€Ó pÈ xÐ ÓÓ h Ó*)) ÿÿ(_10Ó À ÓÓppÈ xÐ ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô€ÓppÈ xÐ ÓÓ À Ó3#37=CIQYag­­1.a.i.(1)(a)(i)1)a)i) ðÝ ƒRÃk$ÝÓ  Óà  àòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÔ€ôçý ò»»ÔÝ  ÝÔ_ÔThe€victimððs€husband€at€the€time€of€the€ð ðattempted€murderðð€later€died.€€The€victim€has€since€remarried.€€ ^Ý ƒRÃk$ÝÓ  Óà  àòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÔ€ôçý ò»»ÔÝ  ÝÔ_ÔDuring€her€hospital€stay,€the€victim€was€taking€a€heavy€schedule€of€narcotics€for€pain.€€The€victim€had€whatÐ ° Ðwas€described€by€several€medical€personnel€as€a€strong€intravenous€supply€of€both€Ô_ÔphenerganÔ_Ô€and€Ô_ÔdemerolÔ_Ô.€€The€victimÐ tÄ Ðwas€also€given€soma,€Ô_ÔativanÔ_Ô,€Ô_ÔprevacidÔ_Ô,€a€hormone,€and€a€drug€to€assist€in€digestion.€€ OÝ ƒRÃk$ÝÓ  Óà  àòòÚ  Ú3Ú  ÚóóÔ€ôçý ò»»ÔÝ  ÝÔ_ÔThere€was€testimony€from€both€the€appellant€and€one€of€the€appellantððs€doctors€that€the€appellant€had€longÐ ° Ðsuffered€from€prostate€problems,€including€prostatitis.€€There€was€testimony€indicating€that€prostatitis€often€causesÐ tÄ Ðsecretions€of€prostatic€fluid€from€the€penis.€€The€appellant€often€complained€about€leaking€urine€or€prostatic€fluid€fromÐ 8ˆ Ðhis€penis€and€even€took€medication€for€the€condition.€€ ÐÝ ƒRÃk$ÝÓ  Óà  àòòÚ  Ú4Ú  ÚóóÔ€ôçý ò»»ÔÝ  ÝÔ_ÔAccording€to€both€the€appellant€and€the€victim,€when€the€victim€inquired€about€having€the€appellant€performÐ ° Ðher€anesthesia€for€a€future€surgery,€the€appellant€told€her€that€the€best€way€to€ensure€that€she€got€in€touch€with€him€wasÐ tÄ Ðto€call€the€hospital€and€leave€a€message€that€she€was€his€cousin.€€ÿÿSDU_3- ù- ¶Ý ƒRÃk$ÝÓ  Óà  àòòÚ  Ú5Ú  ÚóóÔ€ôçý ò»»ÔÝ  ÝÔ_ÔWe€note€that€in€order€to€be€considered€an€admission€against€interest€under€the€òòÔ_ÔHeltonÔ_Ôóó€standard,€the€statementÐ ° Ðmust€only€contain€an€ð ðacknowledgment€by€the€accused€of€certain€facts€which€tend€together€with€other€facts,€to€establishÐ tÄ Ðhis€guilt.ðð€€547€S.W.2d€at€567.€There€is€no€requirement,€such€as€there€is€for€the€ð ðstatement€against€interestðð€exceptionÐ 8ˆ Ðto€the€hearsay€rule,€that€the€statement€must€be€against€the€Ô_ÔdeclarantÔ_Ôððs€pecuniary€or€propriety€interest€or€must€tend€toÐ üL Ðsubject€the€Ô_ÔdeclarantÔ_Ô€to€civil€or€criminal€liability€at€the€time€the€statement€is€made.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€R.€Ô_ÔEvidÔ_Ô.€804(b)(3). ÿÿ35;AGMSY_11.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.(|G2Ãk$¤¤Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€R%»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  ÚóóÔ€ôï]ò»»Ô d(|3Gy$££Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€R%»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝVVVV)ÿÿ!dxdx)!ÈÈÈÈdxdx( ±þ$’’ò òFigure€Ú  Ú1Ú  Úó ó^_X`YEþÿ<<CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(|3Gy$¢¢Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€R%»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó óX[Z&OLE 2.0 Box <=8ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿCÿÿ HKKKKÝ ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€KÅ»»ddÈ8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÑ  ÑÑ  ÑÔ€¼KÅ»»»ÔÑ8€íXXdì»»d8Ñà@ttìàÔ‡îRÜKÅÔIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEˆÐ ° Ðà@WW$ìàAT€KNOXVILLEÔ#†¼KÅ»îîRÜ #ԈРÖ& ÐÓ  ÓAssigned€on€Briefs€July€28,€2004Ð üL ÐÔ‡XíX»¼KÅÔÌò òÔ#†¼KÅ»XXí#ÔSTATE€OF€TENNESSEE€v.€LARRY€F.€Ô_ÔLITTONÔ_ÔòòóóÔ‡XíX»¼KÅÔó óÐ úJ ÐÌà@@½½ìàò òAppeal€from€the€Criminal€Court€for€Sullivan€CountyÐ ú J Ðà@@øøìàNo.€S44,898€€€€€R.€Jerry€Beck,€JudgeÐ æ 6 ÐÌÌà@@ìì*ìàßA€V) °°` d€÷E<©` AßÐ ªú  ÐÌà@@TTìàNo.€E2003„00782„CCA„R3„CD€„€Filed€October€5,€Ô_Ô2004Ô_ÔÐ ¥õ  ÐÌßA€V) °°` dE<|` AßÐ }Í  Ðó óÌÓ  ÓÔ‡XíXXXíÔThe€appellant,€Larry€F.€Ô_ÔLittonÔ_Ô,€was€indicted€on€charges€of€rape€in€violation€of€Tennessee€CodeÐ xÈ  ÐAnnotated€section€39„13„503.€€A€jury€found€the€appellant€guilty€of€the€lesser„included€offense€ofÐ d´ Ðsexual€battery€and€recommended€a€$3,000€fine.€€The€appellant€was€sentenced€to€a€one„year€sentenceÐ P  Ðas€a€Range€I€Standard€Offender,€but€the€trial€court€ordered€the€appellant€to€serve€two€years€onÐ <Œ Ðprobation€in€lieu€of€incarceration.€€The€trial€court€also€imposed€the€$3,000€fine€recommended€by€theÐ (x Ðjury.€€After€the€denial€of€a€motion€for€new€trial,€this€appeal€ensued.€€The€appellant€challenges:€(1)Ð d Ðthe€trial€courtððs€decision€to€allow€the€testimony€of€Dr.€Scott€Levine€in€which€he€recounted€aÐ P Ðconversation€with€the€victim€that€occurred€several€weeks€after€the€incident;€(2)€the€trial€courtððsÐ ì< Ðinstruction€to€the€jury€that€a€tape„recorded€conversation€between€the€victim€and€the€appellant€wasÐ Ø( Ðan€ð ðalleged€admission;ðð€and€(3)€the€sufficiency€of€the€evidence.€€For€the€following€reasons,€we€affirmÐ Ä Ðthe€decision€of€the€trial€court.€€Ô#†XíXXXíÀ#ÔÔ#†¼KÅ»XXí—#ÔÔ‡XíX»¼KÅÔÐ ° ÐÓ´ÓÌò òTenn.€R.€App.€P.€3€Appeal€as€of€Right;€Judgment€of€the€Trial€Court€is€Affirmed.Ð ˆØ Ðó óÌòòÓ  ÓÔ#†¼KÅ»àXí #ÔÔ‡XíX.¼KÅÔJerry€L.€Smith,€J.óó,€delivered€the€opinion€of€the€court,€in€which€òòDavid€H.€Welles€óóand€òòJamesÐ `° ÐÔ_ÔCurwoodÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔWittÔ_Ô,€Jr.óó,€JJ.,€joined.Ð L œ ÐÌDavid€E.€Ô_ÔCrockettÔ_Ô€and€Lisa€D.€Rice,€Ô_ÔElizabethtonÔ_Ô,€Tennessee,€for€the€appellant,€Larry€F.€Ô_ÔLittonÔ_Ô.Ð $"t! ÐÌPaul€G.€Summers,€Attorney€General€&€Reporter;€Brent€C.€Cherry,€Assistant€Attorney€General;Ð ü#L# ÐGreeley€Wells,€District€Attorney€General;€and€Teresa€Murray€Smith,€Assistant€District€AttorneyÐ è$8 $ ÐGeneral,€€for€the€appellee,€State€of€Tennessee.Ð Ô%$!% ÐÔ#†¼KÅ»XXíö #ÔÔ‡XíX»¼KÅÔÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÐ 4-„(-ý ÐÔ_Ô‡ÌÌÓÇ Óà@@OO&ìàò òOPINIONó óÔ#†¼KÅ»XXí'#ÔÔ‡XíX»¼KÅÔÐ ˆØ ÐÌòòóóÔ#†¼KÅ»XXíË#ÔÓ  Óò òòòÔ‡¼KÅ»»¼KÅÔà@ÈÈ!ìàóóó óà@@ÈÈ!ìàÔ€XíX»¼KÅÔòòFactual€BackgroundóóˆÐ `° ÐÌà  àOn€Monday,€October€23,€2000,€the€victim,€Christy€Trent,€was€admitted€to€Bristol€RegionalÐ 8 ˆ ÐMedical€Center€for€a€surgical€procedure.€€The€victim€was€licensed€as€a€nurse,€but€did€not€work€at€theÐ $ t Ðtime€of€the€procedure€due€to€various€physical€ailments.€€The€victim€was€scheduled€to€have€a€feedingÐ  ` Ðtube€installed€because€of€a€condition€called€ð ðchronic€aspiration.ðð€€As€a€result€of€chronic€aspirationÐ ü L  Ðwhen€the€victim€swallowed€food,€it€passed€into€her€lungs€rather€than€her€stomach.€€The€insertion€ofÐ è 8  Ðthe€feeding€tube€was€designed€to€alleviate€this€problem.€€Ð Ô$  ÐÌà  àOn€the€day€the€victim€was€scheduled€for€the€procedure,€the€appellant,€a€licensed€registeredÐ ¬ü  Ðnurse€anesthetist,€was€working€in€the€operating€room€at€Bristol€Regional€Medical€Center.€€TheÐ ˜è  Ðappellant€introduced€himself€to€the€victim€and€explained€that€he€would€be€responsible€for€bothÐ „Ô  Ðadministering€and€monitoring€her€medications€both€prior€to€and€during€her€procedure.€€The€victimÐ pÀ Ðspecifically€asked€the€appellant€to€check€on€her€after€the€procedure€to€make€sure€she€was€alright.€€TheÐ \¬ Ðvictim€also€complained€to€the€appellant€that€her€husband€did€not€accompany€her€to€the€hospital€forÐ H˜ Ðthe€procedure.€€Ð 4„ ÐÌà  àPrior€to€the€feeding€tube€procedure,€the€victim€had€undergone€at€least€thirty„three€surgeriesÐ  \ Ðfor€various€physical€ailments.€€One€of€these€surgeries€required€a€morphine€pump€to€be€inserted€intoÐ øH Ðher€spine€for€pain€relief€from€her€back€problems;€the€morphine€pump€was€in€place€at€the€time€of€theÐ ä4 Ðfeeding€tube€procedure.€€Ð Ð  ÐÌà  àThe€victim€remained€in€the€hospital€until€October€27,€2000.€€Several€days€later,€after€callingÐ ¨ø Ðone€of€her€psychologists€and€an€attorney,€and€having€a€conversation€with€her€husband,€the€victimÐ ”ä Ðcalled€the€Bristol€Tennessee€Police€Department€to€report€that€the€appellant€raped€her€while€she€wasÐ €Ð Ða€patient€at€Bristol€Regional€Medical€Center.€€Ð l¼ ÐÌà  àThe€appellant€contacted€Investigator€Debbie€Richmond„McCauley€with€the€Bristol€PoliceÐ D!” ÐDepartment.€€Several€days€later,€Investigator€Richmond„McCauley€spoke€with€the€victim.€€AccordingÐ 0"€  Ðto€the€victim,€the€appellant€visited€her€in€her€hospital€room€on€Tuesday,€the€day€after€her€surgery,€forÐ #l! Ðno€apparent€reason.€€When€he€left,€he€told€her€that€he€may€come€back€to€visit€her€again€the€nextÐ $X" Ðnight.€€On€Wednesday€afternoon,€the€appellant€telephoned€the€victim€in€her€hospital€room€to€tell€herÐ ô$D # Ðthat€he€would€come€see€her€later€that€evening.€€At€approximately€2:30€a.m.€on€Thursday€morning,Ð à%0!$ Ðthe€appellant€telephoned€the€victim€and€invited€her€to€meet€him€in€the€ð ðon€callðð€room.€€The€victimÐ Ì&"% Ðtold€the€appellant€ð ðnoðð€and€he€informed€her€that€he€would€ð ðrun€upðð€and€see€her.€€The€appellantÐ ¸'#& Ðarrived€at€the€victimððs€room€about€fifteen€minutes€later.Ð ¤(ô#' ÐÌà  àThe€victim€claimed€that€once€in€her€room,€the€appellant€crossed€the€room€to€the€windows€andÐ |*Ì%) Ðdrew€the€shades€tighter.€€The€victim€claimed€that€the€appellant€then€sat€on€her€bed€and€spoke€withÐ h+¸&* Ðher€briefly.€€After€some€light€conversation,€the€victim€claimed€that€the€appellant€leaned€over€the€railÐ ° Ðof€her€bed€and€started€kissing€her€on€the€mouth€and€ð ðstuck€his€tongueðð€in€her€mouth.€€The€victimÐ œì Ðclaimed€that€she€pushed€the€appellant€away,€told€him€to€stop,€and€told€him€that€he€should€leave.€Ð ˆØ ÐThen,€according€to€the€victim,€the€appellant€grabbed€her€right€hand€and€said,€ð ðLook€what€you€did,ððÐ tÄ Ðplacing€her€hand€on€his€erect€penis€over€his€clothing.€€The€victim€pulled€her€hand€away€and€againÐ `° Ðtold€the€appellant€to€leave.€€The€victim€stated€that€the€appellant€then€walked€around€the€bed,€pulledÐ L œ Ðdown€his€scrub€pants€and€exposed€himself€to€the€victim.€€The€appellant€then€allegedly€ð ðleaned€overÐ 8 ˆ Ðand€took€my€head€again€and€forced€his€penis€in€my€mouth.ðð€€The€victim€claimed€that€she€bit€theÐ $ t Ðappellantððs€penis€and,€as€a€result,€he€removed€it€from€her€mouth.€€After€removing€his€penis€from€herÐ  ` Ðmouth,€the€victim€claimed€that€the€appellant€tried€to€get€her€to€ð ðmasturbate€him.ðð€€When€she€refused,Ð ü L  Ðthe€victim€claimed€that€the€appellant€ð ðfinished€the€job,ðð€ejaculating€quite€a€bit€on€a€pillowcase€thatÐ è 8  Ðhe€grabbed€from€a€bedside€table.€€After€ejaculating,€the€victim€claimed€that€the€appellant€went€intoÐ Ô$  Ðthe€bathroom€and€cleaned€himself€up.€€When€he€emerged€from€the€bathroom,€the€victim€claimed€thatÐ À  Ðhe€acted€as€if€nothing€had€happened.€€The€appellant€told€the€victim€that€he€also€worked€some€hoursÐ ¬ü  Ðat€Norton€Hospital€in€a€nearby€Virginia€town€and€that€she€could€call€him€there.€€The€appellantÐ ˜è  Ðinstructed€her€to€say€that€she€was€his€cousin€when€she€called.€€Ð „Ô  ÐÌà  àAfter€hearing€the€victimððs€claims,€Investigator€Richmond„McCauley€instructed€the€victimÐ \¬ Ðto€place€a€call€to€the€appellant€at€Norton€Hospital.€€Investigator€Richmond„McCauley€provided€theÐ H˜ Ðvictim€with€a€tape€recorder€to€record€the€conversation€and€instructed€the€victim€to€try€to€get€theÐ 4„ Ðappellant€to€admit€to€the€incident€during€the€phone€call.€€A€phone€call€was€placed€to€Norton€HospitalÐ  p Ðand€a€message€was€left€for€the€appellant€to€return€the€call.€€Approximately€two€hours€later,€theÐ  \ Ðappellant€returned€the€call€and€the€victim€recorded€the€conversation.€€Investigator€Richmond„Ð øH ÐMcCauley€was€not€present€during€the€telephone€conversation.€€€€Ð ä4 ÐÌà  àAs€a€result€of€the€victimððs€allegations,€the€Sullivan€County€Grand€Jury€indicted€the€appellantÐ ¼  Ðon€charges€of€rape€in€February€of€2001.€€A€lengthy€trial€was€held€in€November€of€2001.€€During€theÐ ¨ø Ðtrial,€the€victim€maintained€her€version€of€the€events€and€stated€that€she€did€not€report€the€incidentÐ ”ä Ðwhile€still€a€patient€at€the€hospital€because€she€was€ð ðjust€scaredðð€and€ð ðjust€clammed€up.ðð€€Ð €Ð ÐÌà  àAt€trial,€the€jury€learned€that€the€victim€had€a€history€of€psychiatric€problems.€€The€victimÐ X ¨ Ðadmitted€that€in€1991€she€faked€an€attempted€murder€in€order€to€get€sympathy€from€her€husband.€×ƒ ×Ý ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×Ð D!” ÐDuring€this€incident,€the€victim€shot€herself€and€blamed€it€on€an€unidentified€assailant.€€The€victimÐ 0"€  Ðalso€admitted€that€she€was€a€patient€at€Woodridge€Psychiatric€Hospital€in€1996€after€she€ingested€95Ð #l! Ðpills€in€an€apparent€suicide€attempt.€€During€this€visit,€the€victim€was€diagnosed€with€adjustmentÐ $X" Ðdisorder€with€disturbance€of€emotion€and€behavior,€moderate€to€severe€major€recurrent€depressionÐ ô$D # Ðand€personality€disorder.€€The€victim€also€admitted€that€she€again€attempted€suicide€in€1998€and€wasÐ à%0!$ Ðagain€admitted€to€Woodridge€after€ingesting€40€pills.€€At€that€time,€the€victim€was€diagnosed€withÐ Ì&"% Ðmajor€depression,€severe€and€recurrent€psychosis,€poly„substance€dependent,€dependent€borderlineÐ ¸'#& Ðâ âtraits,€marital€discord,€and€social€isolation.€€At€the€time€of€the€trial,€the€victim€was€under€theÐ ¤(ô#' Ðinfluence€of€several€physician€prescribed€narcotics.€€On€the€day€of€her€testimony,€she€admitted€thatÐ ° Ðshe€had€taken€Lortab,€Soma€and€Lorazepam.Ð œì Ðâ âÌà  àDuring€her€testimony,€the€victim€also€admitted€that€as€a€result€of€the€incident€at€BristolÐ tÄ ÐRegional€Memorial€Hospital,€she€had€filed€a€lawsuit€against€the€appellant€and€the€hospital€for€oneÐ `° Ðmillion€dollars.€€Ð L œ ÐÌà  àAt€trial,€there€was€testimony€from€numerous€nurses€charged€with€the€care€of€the€victim€duringÐ $ t Ðher€stay€at€the€hospital.€€Pamela€Blanton,€Susan€Jessee€and€Gayla€Hodge€all€testified€that€they€hadÐ  ` Ðcontact€with€the€victim€both€before€and€after€the€alleged€incident.€€All€three€nurses€maintained€thatÐ ü L  Ðthe€victim€never€mentioned€to€any€of€them€that€she€had€been€assaulted,€raped,€or€that€anythingÐ è 8  Ðupsetting€or€distressing€had€happened€to€her.€€In€fact,€none€of€the€nurses€noted€any€difference€in€theÐ Ô$  Ðvictimððs€behavior€after€the€alleged€incident€occurred.€€The€nurses€also€testified€that€throughout€herÐ À  Ðstay,€the€victim€requested€her€pain€medication€be€administered€early€and€that€she€be€given€more€painÐ ¬ü  Ðmedication€than€prescribed€by€her€doctor.׃!×Ý ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€Ð ˜è  ÐÌà  àDuring€the€defense€proof,€the€appellant€took€the€stand€on€his€own€behalf.€€He€testified€thatÐ pÀ Ðthe€victimððs€feeding€tube€procedure€was€completed€without€complication€and€that€he€was€responsibleÐ \¬ Ðfor€monitoring€the€victim€after€the€procedure€and€administering€additional€medication€to€the€victimÐ H˜ Ðduring€recovery€to€relieve€her€pain.€€The€appellant€remained€with€the€victim€in€the€recovery€roomÐ 4„ Ðfor€approximately€ten€minutes€after€the€procedure€was€completed.€€Ð  p ÐÌà  àOn€Tuesday,€October€24,€the€appellant€claimed€that€he€visited€the€victim€in€her€room€afterÐ øH Ðchecking€her€chart€at€the€nurses€station.€€He€stated€that€it€was€normal€surgical€procedure€to€followÐ ä4 Ðup€with€patients€after€their€surgery.€€During€this€visit,€the€appellant€claimed€that€he€verified€that€theÐ Ð  Ðvictim€was€having€no€problems€with€recovery€from€anesthesia.€€The€appellant€claims€that€the€victimÐ ¼  Ðrequested€that€the€appellant€assist€her€in€her€next€surgery.€€According€to€the€appellant,€the€victimÐ ¨ø Ðwanted€to€know€how€she€could€reach€him€to€make€sure€that€he€was€in€charge€of€her€anesthesia.€€InÐ ”ä Ðresponse€to€her€question,€the€appellant€told€the€victim€that€she€could€call€the€hospital€and€ask€for€himÐ €Ð Ðor€that€she€could€call€him€at€the€hospital€in€Norton,€Virginia,€because€he€worked€at€that€facility€asÐ l¼ Ðwell.€The€appellant€told€the€victim€if€she€could€not€get€in€touch€with€him€to€tell€the€person€thatÐ X ¨ Ðanswered€the€phone€that€she€was€his€cousin,€and€she€would€be€more€likely€to€speak€with€him€ratherÐ D!” Ðthan€leaving€a€message.€€The€appellant€told€the€victim€that,€according€to€her€chart,€no€additionalÐ 0"€  Ðsurgery€was€scheduled,€but€that€he€could€check€her€chart€at€a€later€time€to€see€if€the€date€of€the€nextÐ #l! Ðsurgery€was€set.€€The€appellant€claims€that€he€left€the€room€that€afternoon€without€incident€afterÐ $X" Ðstaying€for€about€five€minutes.€€Ð ô$D # ÐÌà  àOn€October€25,€2000,€the€appellant€claims€that€he€was€on€trauma€call€in€the€operating€roomÐ Ì&"% Ðof€the€hospital€at€about€7:00€p.m.€€After€finishing€with€a€surgery,€the€appellant€claims€that€he€checkedÐ ¸'#& Ðthe€victimððs€chart€to€see€if€more€surgery€was€scheduled.€€The€appellant€went€to€the€victimððs€room€toÐ ° Ðinform€her€that€there€was€still€no€surgery€scheduled€on€her€chart.€€The€appellant€maintains€that€theÐ œì Ðvictim€asked€ð ðwhether€his€wife€knew€about€them.ðð€€The€appellant€stated€that€he€did€not€know€whatÐ ˆØ Ðthe€victim€was€talking€about.€€At€that€point,€the€appellant€claims€that€the€victim€asked€for€more€drugsÐ tÄ Ðlike€the€ones€used€during€surgery.€€When€the€appellant€refused€to€give€the€victim€more€medication,Ð `° Ðhe€claims€that€the€victim€grabbed€him€in€the€groin€and€told€him€that€she€would€cry€rape€unless€heÐ L œ Ðcomplied.€€The€appellant€could€not€extricate€his€groin€from€her€grip€but€eventually€pushed€theÐ 8 ˆ Ðvictimððs€arm€away.€€When€the€victim€grabbed€the€appellantððs€groin,€he€excreted€some€prostatic€fluidÐ $ t Ðonto€his€scrubs.׃"×Ý ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú3Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€He€went€to€the€bathroom,€wiped€off€the€fluid€with€a€pillowcase€he€found,€threw€theÐ  ` Ðpillowcase€in€the€bathroom€floor€and€immediately€left€the€room.€€The€appellant€did€not€report€thisÐ ü L  Ðincident€to€any€hospital€personnel€and€instead€immediately€returned€to€his€duties€in€the€operatingÐ è 8  Ðroom.€€The€appellant€had€no€further€contact€with€the€victim€during€her€hospital€stay.Ð Ô$  ÐÌà  àThe€appellant€also€testified€that€he€received€a€telephone€call€from€the€victim€while€he€wasÐ ¬ü  Ðworking€in€Norton,€Virginia.€€He€claims€that€he€did€not€understand€the€majority€of€the€things€that€theÐ ˜è  Ðvictim€was€talking€about,€but€agreed€with€everything€she€was€saying€because€he€believed€she€wasÐ „Ô  Ðpsychotic.€€The€appellant€claimed€that€his€medical€background€led€him€to€believe€that€it€was€betterÐ pÀ Ðto€pacify€the€victim€during€the€conversation€rather€than€arguing€with€her.€€Ð \¬ ÐÌà  àAt€the€conclusion€of€the€week„long€trial,€the€jury€found€the€appellant€not€guilty€of€rape€butÐ 4„ Ðguilty€of€the€lesser„included€offense€of€sexual€battery.€€The€trial€court€denied€the€appellantððs€requestÐ  p Ðfor€judicial€diversion,€sentencing€the€appellant€instead€to€a€one„year€sentence€as€a€Range€I€StandardÐ  \ ÐOffender,€but€suspended€that€sentence€pending€the€appellantððs€completion€of€two€years€of€probation.€Ð øH ÐThe€trial€court€also€imposed€a€$3,000€fine€recommended€by€the€jury.€€Ð ä4 ÐÌà  àThe€appellant€filed€a€timely€motion€for€new€trial€in€which€he€argued€that:€(1)€the€finding€ofÐ ¼  Ðguilt€was€totally€inconsistent€with€the€proof;€(2)€ð ðcredible€evidence€presented€by€both€the€state€andÐ ¨ø Ðthe€defense€.€.€.€preponderates€against€the€guiltðð€of€the€appellant;€(3)€the€trial€court€erred€byÐ ”ä Ðinstructing€the€jury€that€the€tape„recorded€conversation€between€the€appellant€and€the€victim€was€anÐ €Ð Ðadmission€of€guilt€by€the€appellant;€and€(4)€the€trial€court€erred€in€failing€to€grant€the€appellantÐ l¼ Ðjudicial€diversion.€€The€trial€court€denied€the€motion€for€new€trial.€€Ð X ¨ ÐÌà  àOn€appeal,€the€appellant€argues€that€the€trial€court€incorrectly€charged€the€jury€regarding€theÐ 0"€  Ðtape„recorded€statement,€incorrectly€allowed€Dr.€Levine,€the€victimððs€doctor,€to€testify€regarding€aÐ #l! Ðconversation€he€had€with€the€victim€several€weeks€after€the€alleged€incident€and€that€the€evidenceÐ $X" Ðis€insufficient€to€sustain€the€conviction€for€sexual€battery.€Ð ô$D # ÐÌÐ Ì&"% ЇòòÓ  ÓWaiveróóÐ ° ÐÌÓÛMÓà  àThe€appellant€argues€on€appeal€that€the€trial€court€erred€ð ðin€allowing€the€testimony€of€Dr.Ð ˆØ ÐScott€Levine€regarding€the€victimððs€recounting€of€the€alleged€assault€several€weeks€or€months€afterÐ tÄ Ðthe€event.ðð€€Specifically,€the€appellant€argues€that€the€victim€did€not€report€the€event€to€Dr.€LevineÐ `° Ðuntil€four€to€eight€weeks€after€it€happened€and,€therefore,€the€trial€court€erred€in€instructing€the€juryÐ L œ Ðthat€the€statement€made€by€the€victim€to€Dr.€Levine€was€a€prior€consistent€statement.€€The€StateÐ 8 ˆ Ðargues€that€the€trial€court€correctly€instructed€the€jury€regarding€the€statement€made€by€the€victim€toÐ $ t ÐDr.€Levine.€€Ð  ` ÐÌà  àNeither€party€has€noticed€that€this€issue€was€not€raised€in€the€motion€for€a€new€trial.€€RuleÐ è 8  Ð3(e)€of€the€Tennessee€Rules€of€Appellate€Procedure€provides€that€for€appeals€ð ðin€all€cases€tried€byÐ Ô$  Ða€jury,€no€issue€presented€for€review€shall€be€predicated€upon€error€in€the€admission€or€exclusion€ofÐ À  Ðevidence,€jury€instructions€granted€or€refused,€.€.€.€or€other€ground€upon€which€a€new€trial€is€sought,Ð ¬ü  Ðunless€the€same€was€specifically€stated€in€a€motion€for€a€new€trial;€otherwise€such€issues€will€beÐ ˜è  Ðtreated€as€waived.ðð€€Tenn.€R.€App.€P.€3(e);€òòseeóó€òòalsoóó€òòState€v.€Martinóó,€940€S.W.2d€567,€569€(Tenn.Ð „Ô  Ð1997)€(holding€that€a€defendant€relinquishes€the€right€to€argue€on€appeal€any€issues€that€should€haveÐ pÀ Ðbeen€presented€in€a€motion€for€new€trial).€Ð \¬ ÐÌà  àIn€the€case€herein,€the€appellant€failed€to€raise€the€issue€regarding€Dr.€Levineððs€testimony€inÐ 4„ Ða€motion€for€new€trial.€€Thus,€we€can€consider€the€appellantððs€argument€only€if€the€statements€qualifyÐ  p Ðas€plain€error€under€Tennessee€Rule€of€Criminal€Procedure€52(b).€€In€exercising€our€discretion€as€toÐ  \ Ðwhether€plain€error€review€under€Tennessee€Rule€of€Criminal€Procedure€52(b)€is€appropriate,€theÐ øH ÐTennessee€Supreme€Court€has€directed€that€we€examine€five€factors,€all€of€which€must€be€presentÐ ä4 Ðin€a€case€in€order€for€review€under€Rule€52(b)€to€be€appropriate.€€These€five€factors€are€as€follows:Ð Ð  Ð(1)€the€record€must€clearly€establish€what€occurred€in€the€trial€court;€(2)€a€clear€and€unequivocal€ruleÐ ¼  Ðof€law€must€have€been€breached;€(3)€a€substantial€right€of€the€defendant€must€have€been€adverselyÐ ¨ø Ðaffected;€(4)€the€accused€did€not€waive€the€issue€for€tactical€reasons;€and€(5)€consideration€of€theÐ ”ä Ðerror€is€necessary€to€do€substantial€justice.€€òòState€v.€Smithóó,€24€S.W.3d€274,€282„83€(Tenn.€2000)Ð €Ð Ð(citing€òòState€v.€Adkissonóó,€899€S.W.2d€626,€641€(Tenn.€1994)).€€Ð l¼ ÐÌà  àFor€a€ð ðsubstantial€rightðð€of€the€accused€to€have€been€affected,€the€error€must€have€prejudicedÐ D!” Ðthe€appellant.€€In€other€words,€it€must€have€affected€the€outcome€of€the€trial€court€proceedings.Ð 0"€  ÐòòUnited€States€v.€Olanoóó,€507€U.S.€725,€732„37€(1993)€(analyzing€the€substantially€similar€Fed.€R.Ð #l! ÐCrim.€P.€52(b));€òòAdkissonóó,€899€S.W.2d€at€642.€€This€is€the€same€type€of€inquiry€as€the€harmless€errorÐ $X" Ðanalysis€under€Tennessee€Rule€of€Appellate€Procedure€36(b),€but€the€appellant€bears€the€burden€ofÐ ô$D # Ðpersuasion€with€respect€to€plain€error€claims.€€òòOlanoóó,€507€U.S.€at€732„37.Ð à%0!$ Ðà0  àà ° àÐ (#(# Ðà  àIn€the€case€herein,€we€are€not€persuaded€that€the€appellant€has€successfully€carried€his€burdenÐ ¸'#& Ðof€persuasion€in€establishing€a€plain€error€claim.€€The€appellant€does€not€even€acknowledge€the€factÐ ¤(ô#' Ðthat€he€failed€to€raise€the€issue€in€a€motion€for€new€trial€and€does€not€argue€that€the€trial€courtððsÐ )à$( Ðdecision€to€admit€the€evidence€and€instruct€the€jury€that€it€was€a€prior€consistent€statement€was€plainÐ |*Ì%) Ðerror.€€Additionally,€the€only€authority€the€appellant€cites€for€his€argument€is€a€treatise€on€evidence.€Ð h+¸&* ÐFurther,€there€is€no€indication€that€a€substantial€right€of€the€appellant€was€adversely€affected,€that€theÐ ° Ðappellant€did€not€waive€the€issue€for€tactical€reasons,€or€that€consideration€of€the€error€is€necessaryÐ œì Ðto€do€substantial€justice.€€Finally,€it€is€unclear€what€€ð ðclear€and€unequivocal€rule€of€lawðð€was€broken.€Ð ˆØ ÐWe€cannot€conclude€that€the€trial€court€committed€plain€error.€€This€issue€is€without€merit.Ð tÄ ÐÌòòÓ  ÓTape€Recording€as€ð ðAlleged€AdmissionððóóÐ L œ ÐÌÓOaÓà  àThe€appellant€next€contends€that€the€trial€court€erred€in€instructing€the€jury€that€the€tapedÐ $ t Ðconversation€between€the€victim€and€the€appellant€was€an€admission€against€interest.€€Specifically,Ð  ` Ðthe€appellant€argues€that:€(1)€ð ð[d]uring€this€conversation,€Appellant€made€no€admission€ofÐ ü L  Ðwrongdoing€or€any€criminal€act€or€activity€whatsoever;ðð€(2)€the€trial€court€erroneously€characterizedÐ è 8  Ðthe€appellantððs€statements€and€responses€during€the€telephone€conversation€as€admissions;€and€(3)Ð Ô$  Ðthe€trial€courtððs€instruction€improperly€influenced€the€jury€in€their€consideration€of€the€statementsÐ À  Ðand€responses€made€during€the€conversation.€€The€State€argues€that€the€trial€court€properly€instructedÐ ¬ü  Ðthe€jury.€€€€Ð ˜è  ÐÌà  àAt€trial,€during€the€victimððs€testimony,€the€State€introduced€a€tape€recording€of€a€telephoneÐ pÀ Ðconversation€between€the€victim€and€the€appellant.€€The€tape„recording€was€made€by€the€victim€afterÐ \¬ Ðbeing€instructed€by€the€police€to€do€so.€€The€telephone€conversation,€lasting€approximately€twenty„Ð H˜ Ðfive€minutes,€was€played€at€least€twice€in€its€entirety€during€the€trial,€both€during€the€testimony€ofÐ 4„ Ðthe€victim€and€the€testimony€of€the€appellant.€€Ð  p ÐÌà  àAt€the€instruction€of€Investigator€Richmond„McCauley,€a€telephone€call€was€placed€to€the€Ð øH Ðhospital€in€Norton,€Virginia,€where€the€appellant€was€working.€€The€victim€was€initially€unable€toÐ ä4 Ðreach€the€appellant€but€left€a€message€saying€that€she€was€his€cousin€and€that€he€should€return€theÐ Ð  Ðphone€call.׃$×Ý ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú4Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€The€appellant€returned€the€phone€call€later€that€night€after€Investigator€Richmond„Ð ¼  ÐMcCauley€left€the€victimððs€home.€€The€following€recitation€of€the€telephone€call€is€from€theÐ ¨ø Ðtranscript€of€the€tape€submitted€to€the€jury.€€The€beginning€of€the€conversation€centered€around€theÐ ”ä Ðvictimððs€recovery€from€surgery.€€She€described€to€the€appellant€that€she€was€ð ðdoin€[sic]€betterðð€butÐ €Ð Ðthat€she€had€gotten€a€rash€on€her€stomach€after€the€procedure€that€had€to€be€treated€with€medication.€Ð l¼ ÐThe€appellant€showed€sympathy€for€the€victim€and€from€his€comments€appeared€to€be€interested€inÐ X ¨ Ðthe€victimððs€recovery€and€progress.€€The€victim€then€inquired€about€the€appellantððs€work€scheduleÐ D!” Ðand€found€out€that€he€stayed€in€a€hotel€while€working€at€the€Norton€hospital.€€Ð 0"€  ÐÌà  àThe€victim€explained€that€she€ð ðjust€wanted€to€talkðð€to€the€appellant€because€she€had€notÐ $X" Ðtalked€to€him€ð ðsince€.€.€you€know€you€come€[sic]€up€to€the€room€the€other€night.ðð€€She€told€him€thatÐ ô$D # Ðshe€ð ðthought€.€.€.€[he]€would€come€up€the€next€morning€or€day€to€say,€.€.€.€goodbye€or€call€.€.€.€[her].ðð€Ð à%0!$ ÐThe€victim€talked€to€the€appellant€about€the€fact€that€she€had€asked€him€to€do€the€anesthesia€for€herÐ Ì&"% Ðnext€surgery.€€The€victim€then€changed€the€subject,€saying€ð ðI€just€donððt€[want]€you€[to]€think€that€IÐ ¸'#& Ðjust€let€any€man€to€.€.€.€uh€you€know,€come€into€the€room,€or€.€.€.€.€€Well,€Iððm€not€easy.ðð€€The€appellantÐ ° Ðresponded€that€he€did€not€ð ðthink€that€at€allðð€and€that€ð ðthe€thoughtððs€never€entered€my€mind.ðð€€Then,Ð œì Ðthe€following€exchange€took€place:Ð ˆØ ÐÌà8  à[Victim]:€Well€uh,€us,€I€wanted€to€make€that€very€sure€.€.€.€Ð`°Ð Ð  Ðà8  à[Appellant]:€Yeah.ÐL œÐ Ð  Ðà8  à[Victim]:€.€.€.€because€I€donððt€do€this€with€people,€Iððm€not,€Iððm€not€that€way€.€.€.€Ð8 ˆÐ Ð  Ðà8  à[Appellant]:€I€know€youððre€not.Ð$ tÐ Ð  Ðà8  à[Victim]:€.€.€.€and€I€was€very€uncomfortable,€you€know,€when€you€put€your€penis€inÐ  ` Ðmy€mouth€and€uh€.€.€.€Ðü L Ð Ð  Ðà8  à[Appellant]:€Yeah.Ðè 8 Ð Ð  Ðà8  à[Victim]:€.€.€.€and,€you€know,€startled.ÐÔ$ Ð Ð  Ðà8  à[Appellant]:€Yeah.€€ÐÀ Ð Ð  Ðà8  à[Victim]:€And,€cause.€.€.€I€didnððt€know,€I€didnððt€wanna€lead€you€or€[sic]€on€or€think,Ð ¬ü  Ðmake€you€to€believe€that€Iððm€that€type€person.Иè Ð Ð  Ðà8  à[Appellant]:€Well€I€donððt€think€that€.€.€.€Ð„Ô Ð Ð  Ðà8  à[Victim]:€I€hope€you€donððt,€cause€.€.€.€ÐpÀÐ Ð  Ðà8  à[Appellant]:€No€honey€I€donððt€think€that.Ð\¬Ð Ð  Ðà8  à.€.€.€.ÐH˜Ð Ð  Ðà8  à[Victim]:€Well,€I€appreciate€you€saying€that€because€I,€I€mean€itððs,€itððs€bothered€meÐ 4„ Ð.€.€.€.Ð pÐ Ð  ÐÌLater€on€in€the€conversation,€the€following€exchange€occurred:Ð øH ÐÌà8  à[Victim]:€So€.€.€.€do€you€know.€.€.€ÐÐ Ð Ð  Ðà8  à[Appellant]:€Yeah.м Ð Ð  Ðà8  à[Victim]:€And€.€.€[sic]€the,€you€know,€well€you€know€what€went€on€.€.€[sic]ШøÐ Ð  Ðà8  à[Appellant]:€Oh€yeah.ДäÐ Ð  Ðà8  à[Victim]:€I€donððt€have€to€repeat€it.ЀÐÐ Ð  Ðà8  à[Appellant]:€Yeah,€yeah.€Ðl¼Ð Ð  Ðà8  à[Victim]:€And€uh,€but€uh,€I€didnððt€[want]€you€to€think€that€Iððm€an€easy€person€.€.€.€.ÐX ¨Ð Ð  Ðà8  à[Appellant]:€No,€no,€no€.€.€.€.ÐD!”Ð Ð  Ðà8  à[Victim]:€.€.€.€.€that€I€just€donððt€let€.€.€.€Ð0"€ Ð Ð  Ðà8  à[Appellant]:€I€donððt€think€that€at€all.Ð#l!Ð Ð  Ðà8  à[Victim]:€Um,€Iððm€not€that€type€person€that€would€just€see€a€person€.€.€uh,€but€youÐ $X" Ðknow,€I€saw€you€were€so€nice€to€me€.€.€.€Ðô$D #Ð Ð  Ðà8  à[Appellant]:€Well€youððre€such€a€sweetheart€yourself.Ðà%0!$Ð Ð  Ðà8  à[Victim]:€Well,€you,€I€mean,€in,€downstairs€you€started€off€and,€I€mean€you€were€soÐ Ì&"% Ðnice,€kind,€and€.€.€.€.и'#&Ð Ð  Ðà8  àà8` Ð Ð àÐ ` x` x ÐThat€exchange€was€followed€by€a€discussion€between€the€victim€and€the€appellant€regarding€theÐ )à$( Ðappellantððs€current€work€schedule,€including€when€he€would€be€back€in€Bristol,€working€at€theÐ |*Ì%) Ðhospital€where€the€victim€had€her€procedure,€and€whether€the€appellant€would€still€be€available€toÐ h+¸&* Ðperform€the€victimððs€anesthesia€for€her€upcoming€surgery.€€The€appellant€frequently€called€the€victimÐ ° Ðð ðhoneyðð€and/or€ð ðsweetheartðð€throughout€the€conversation.€€€Ð œì ÐÌà  àSeveral€times€during€the€conversation,€the€victim€told€the€appellant€that€she€did€not€want€himÐ tÄ Ðto€think€that€she€was€ð ðeasy.ðð€€At€one€point,€the€victim€commented€that€she€did€not€want€the€appellantÐ `° Ðto€think€that€€she€ð ðjust€let€anybody€that€.€.€.€[sheððs]€known€for€3€or€4€days€uh,€just€come€in€and€startÐ L œ Ðkissing€.€.€.€ðð€to€which€the€appellant€merely€responded,€ð ðYeah.ðð€€The€victim€also€commented€thatÐ 8 ˆ Ðð ðsince€my€husband€and€I€have€been€married,€thatððs€the€first€thing€.€.€.€this€is€the€first€thing,€incidentÐ $ t Ðthatððs€come€aroundðð€and€that€she€felt€like€ð ðthe€rip€slut€of€the€world.ðð€€The€appellant€mainlyÐ  ` Ðresponded€with€ð ðyeahsðð€and€ð ðnosðð€to€the€comments€of€the€victim.€€€€Ð ü L  ÐÌà  àThe€victim€talked€briefly€about€the€fact€that€her€husband€was€out€of€town€at€a€conference€atÐ Ô$  Ðthe€time€of€the€phone€call€and€told€the€appellant,€ð ð[P]lease,€please,€whatever€you€do,€uh,€you€know,Ð À  Ðwhat€happened€.€.€.€.ðð€€To€which€the€appellant€replied,€ð ðYeah,€I€know,€I€mumððs€the€word.ðð€€TheÐ ¬ü  Ðconversation€then€changed€pace€and€the€victim€and€the€appellant€again€talked€about€the€appellantððsÐ ˜è  Ðwork€schedule€for€the€upcoming€week€and€how€the€victim€would€go€about€getting€in€touch€with€him.€Ð „Ô  Ѐ€Ìà  àTwo€times€during€the€conversation,€the€victim€brought€up€a€pillowcase:€€Ð \¬ ÐÌà8  à[Victim]:€And€I€didnððt€uh,€I€didnððt€know€what€to€do€uh,€with,€you€know,€theÐ 4„ Ðpillowcase€so€I€just€put€it€in€a€laundry€bag.Ð pÐ Ð  Ðà8  à[Appellant]:€OK.Ð \Ð Ð  Ðà8  à[Victim]:€With€the€linen,€was€that€.€.€.€ÐøHÐ Ð  Ðà8  à[Appellant]:€Yeah.Ðä4Ð Ð  Ðà8  à[Victim]:€.€.€.€cause€I,€you€know,€where€you€pitched€it€under€the€sink€I€didnððt€knowÐ Ð  Ð.€.€.€.м Ð Ð  Ðà  à[Appellant]:€Yeah.€Ð ¨ø Ðà8  à[Victim]:€I€said€well€maybe€I€ought€to€get€that€up€cause€that€doesnððt€look€like€a€towel,Ð ”ä Ðand€they€might€be€a€little€suspicious€on€that.€€Ð€ÐÐ Ð  ÐÌà  à.€.€.€.€Ð X ¨ ÐÌà8  à[Victim]:€And,€and€like€I€say,€you€know,€whenever€at€the€end,€when€you€did€the€thingÐ 0"€  Ðon€the€pillowcase€.€.€.€Ð#l!Ð Ð  Ðà8  à[Appellant]:€Yeah,€yeah.Ð$X"Ð Ð  Ðà8  à[Victim]:€.€.€.€and€took€it€in€the€bathroom€and€I€got€rid€of€everything.Ðô$D #Ð Ð  Ðà8  à[Appellant]:€Well€good.Ðà%0!$Ð Ð  Ðà8  à[Victim]:€I€didnððt€.€.€.€I€think€the€tech€would€have€said€why€is€she€washing€with€a€ÐÌ&"%Ð Ð  Ðà  àba.€.€.€,€with€a€pillowcase€.€.€.€.€Ð ¸'#& Ðà8  à[Appellant]:€Oh€no,€no,€no.€€Ð¤(ô#'Ð Ð  Ðà8  à[Victim]:€.€.€.€.€and€pulling€[sic]€it€under€the€sink.€€Ð)à$(Ð Ð  ÐÌà  àFinally,€as€the€conversation€was€coming€to€a€close,€the€following€exchange€occurred:Ð h+¸&* Їà8  à[Victim]:€Well,€uh,€talk,€yeah€Iððll€talk€to€you€Monday,€but€uh,€but€still,€you€know,€youÐ ° Ðknow,€when.€.€.€I€still€feel€a€little€uncomfortable€you€know,€when€you€know,€you€put,Ð œì Ðyou€know.€.€.€ÐˆØÐ Ð  Ðà8  à[Appellant]:€What?ÐtÄÐ Ð  Ðà8  à[Victim]:€.€.€.€.€in€my€mouth€and€I€.€.€.€.Ð`°Ð Ð  Ðà8  à[Appellant]:€Yeah.ÐL œÐ Ð  Ðà8  à[Victim]:€.€.€I,€you€know,€makes€you€un.€.€.€you€know,€I€didnððt€know€ya,€I€didnððt.€.€.€Ð8 ˆÐ Ð  Ðà8  à[Appellant]:€I€know€that.Ð$ tÐ Ð  Ðà8  à[Victim]:€.€.€.€.€and€then,€so€.€.€.€.Ð `Ð Ð  Ðà8  à[Appellant]:€I€donððt€want€you€to€worry€about€that.Ðü L Ð Ð  Ðà8  à[Victim]:€Well,€thatððs€why€I,€you€know,€when€I€did€that€and,€Ðè 8 Ð Ð  Ðà8  à[Appellant]:€Well€I€thought€.€.€.€ÐÔ$ Ð Ð  Ðà8  à[Victim]:€I€said€stop€you€know€I,€I€didnððt,€Iððd€never€been€put€in€that€position.ÐÀ Ð Ð  Ðà8  à[Appellant]:€Yeah,€Iððm€sorry.Ьü Ð Ð  Ðà8  à[Victim]:€You€know,€your€penis.Иè Ð Ð  Ðà8  à[Appellant]:€I€know.Ð„Ô Ð Ð  Ðà8  à[Victim]:€But€uh,€so€Iððm€not€embarrassing€ya€I€hope.ÐpÀÐ Ð  Ðà8  à[Appellant]:€No.Ð\¬Ð Ð  Ðà8  à[Victim]:€But€I€just€wanted€to€clar€.€.€.€.ÐH˜Ð Ð  Ðà8  à[Appellant]:€I€just€donððt,€I€just€donððt€want€you€to€worry.Ð4„Ð Ð  Ðà8  à[Victim]:€OK,€well€I€appreciate€that€and€.€.€.€but€I€just€wanted€to€let€you€know€thatÐ  p ÐIððm€uh,€I€donððt€do€this€every€day.Ð \Ð Ð  ÐÌà  àNo€objections€were€made€to€the€introduction€of€the€tape„recorded€conversation.€€When€theÐ ä4 Ðappellant€took€the€stand€to€testify,€he€explained€the€conversation€with€the€victim€as€follows:Ð Ð  ÐÌà8  àI€had€ascertained€by€what€happened€in€the€room€that€I€was€dealing€with€someone€thatÐ ¨ø Ðhad€some€serious€psychological€problems€and€especially€when€she€started€saying,Ð ”ä Ðð ðDoes€your€wife€know€about€us?ðð€And€I€„€„€„€„€she€started€talking€pretty€bizarre€andÐ €Ð ÐIððve€been€in€the€medical€field€like€over€forty€(40)€years€total€and€I€just€rememberedÐ l¼ Ðwhat€I€was€taught€in€school€that€someoneððs€„€„€„€and€„€and€Iððm€not€trying€to€beÐ X ¨ Ðfacetious€or€anything.€€I€just€remember€what€I€was€trained.€€If€someone€starts€talkingÐ D!” Ðerratic€or€„€or€saying€„€„€„€you€know,€like€hallucinating€or€„€or€fantasizing€orÐ 0"€  Ðsomething,€you€donððt€intimidate€them.€€You€donððt€make€them€mad.€€You€donððt€makeÐ #l! Ðthem€hostile.€€You€„€you€just€try€to€pacify€them€and€get€„€„€„€„€basically€I€just€wantedÐ $X" Ðto€get€her€off€the€phone.€€Ðô$D #Ð Ð  ÐÌThe€appellant€further€explained€that€he€thought€the€victim€was€talking€about€grabbing€his€groin€afterÐ Ì&"% Ðhe€refused€to€give€her€more€medication€when€she€talked€about€being€ð ðeasyðð€and€that€he€did€not€knowÐ ¸'#& Ðwhat€to€think€when€she€started€talking€about€his€penis.€€Ð ¤(ô#' ÐÌà  àOn€appeal,€the€appellant€ð ðcontends€that€his€responses€do€not€rise€to€the€level€of€a€statement,Ð |*Ì%) Ðas€intended€under€the€definition€of€the€Tennessee€Rules€of€Evidence€nor€under€the€definition€ofÐ h+¸&* Ðassertion€adopted€by€the€court€in€òòState€v.€Landóó€[34€S.W.3d€516€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€2000)]ðð€and€thatÐ ° Ðthe€trial€courtððs€decision€to€charge€the€jury€on€admission€against€interest€improperly€influenced€theÐ œì Ðjuryððs€verdict.€€€€Ð ˆØ ÐÌà  àIn€òòHelton€v.€Stateóó,€547€S.W.2d€564€(Tenn.1977),€the€Tennessee€Supreme€Court€set€forth€aÐ `° Ðdefinition€for€admissions€against€interest.€The€Supreme€Court€stated:Ð L œ ÐÌà8  àThe€distinction€between€an€admission€and€a€confession€is€blurred.€Generally,Ð $ t Ðhowever,€ð ða€ððconfessionðð€is€a€statement€by€the€accused€that€he€engaged€in€conductÐ  ` Ðwhich€constitutes€a€crime.€.€.€.€€An€admission€is€an€acknowledgment€by€the€accusedÐ ü L  Ðof€certain€facts€which€tend€together€with€other€facts,€to€establish€his€guilt;€while€aÐ è 8  Ðconfession€is€an€acknowledgment€of€guilt€itself.€An€admission,€then,€is€somethingÐ Ô$  Ðless€than€a€confession€and,€unlike€a€confession,€.€.€.€an€admission€is€not€sufficient€inÐ À  Ðitself€to€support€a€conviction.Ьü Ð Ð  ÐÌòòId.óó€at€567€(quoting€3€Whartonððs€Criminal€Evidence€(13€ed.€Torcia€1973),€ðððð€662€and€663);€òòseeóó€òòalsoóóÐ „Ô  ÐòòState€v.€Kygeróó,€787€S.W.2d€13,€23€n.2€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1989).€€While€the€statements€made€by€theÐ pÀ Ðappellant€during€the€telephone€conversation€herein€are€certainly€not€a€confession,€the€statements€canÐ \¬ Ðbe€construed€as€an€admission€against€interest.׃D×Ý ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú5Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€òòSeeóó€òògenerallyóó€òòState€v.€Antonio€George€Whiteóó,€No.Ð H˜ Ð775,€1987€WL€25166,€at€*1€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€at€Knoxville,€Dec.€1,€1987)€(stating€that€defendantððsÐ 4„ Ðstatement€denying€involvement€in€the€crime€but€admitting€being€at€the€crime€scene€with€anotherÐ  p Ðperpetrator€was€an€admission€under€òòHeltonóó).€€During€the€conversation€herein,€the€appellant€admittedÐ  \ Ðthat€he€was€in€the€victimððs€room€and€responded€positively€to€questions,€which,€when€consideredÐ øH Ðalong€with€the€victimððs€version€of€the€events,€tend€to€establish€the€appellantððs€guilt.€€€€€€Ð ä4 ÐÌà  àBecause€we€have€determined€that€the€appellantððs€statement€can€be€construed€as€an€admissionÐ ¼  Ðagainst€interest,€we€must€determine€if€the€trial€court€properly€charged€the€jury.€€Defendants€have€aÐ ¨ø Ðð ðconstitutional€right€to€a€correct€and€complete€charge€of€the€law.ðð€€òòState€v.€Teelóó,€793€S.W.2d€236,Ð ”ä Ð249€(Tenn.€1990).€€Accordingly,€trial€courts€have€the€duty€to€give€ð ða€complete€charge€of€the€lawÐ €Ð Ðapplicable€to€the€facts€of€the€case.ðð€€òòState€v.€Davenporóót,€973€S.W.2d€283,€287€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.Ð l¼ Ð1998)€(citing€òòState€v.€Harbisonóó,€704€S.W.2d€314,€319€(Tenn.€1986)).€€There€is€no€requirement€thatÐ X ¨ Ða€trial€court€be€limited€to€using€pattern€jury€instructions.€€òòState€v.€Westóó,€844€S.W.2d€144,€151€(Tenn.Ð D!” Ð1992).€€When€reviewing€challenged€jury€instructions,€we€must€look€at€ð ðthe€charge€as€a€whole€inÐ 0"€  Ðdetermining€whether€prejudicial€error€has€been€committed.ðð€òòIn€re€Estate€of€Elamóó,€738€S.W.2d€169,Ð #l! Ð174€(Tenn.€1987);€òòseeóó€òòalsoóó€òòState€v.€Phippsóó,€883€S.W.2d€138,€142€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1994).€Ð $X" ÐÌà  àAt€the€conclusion€of€the€trial,€the€trial€court€instructed€the€jury€as€follows:Ð à%0!$ ÐÐ Ì&"% Ðà8  àAlleged€statement€against€interest.€€Evidence€of€an€alleged€admission€has€beenÐ ° Ðintroduced€in€this€case.€€An€admission€is€an€acknowledgment€by€the€defendant€ofÐ œì Ðcertain€facts€which€ten„€which€tend,€together€with€other€facts,€to€establish€his€guilt.€Ð ˆØ ÐIt€must€be€corroborated€by€other€independent€evidence€to€warrant€and€support€aÐ tÄ Ðconviction.€€Ð`°Ð Ð  ÐÌà8  àThe€Court€has€permitted€the€„€the€alleged€admission€as€evidence,€but€it€remains€yourÐ 8 ˆ Ðduty€to€decide€if,€in€fact,€such€statement€was€ever€made€and€if€such€alleged€statementÐ $ t Ðwas€an€admission.€€If€you€do€not€believe€it€was€ever€made,€you€should€not€considerÐ  ` Ðit.€€If€you€decide€the€statement€was€made,€you€must€then€judge€the€truth€of€the€factsÐ ü L  Ðstated€and€if€the€alleged€statement€was€an€admission.€€In€determining€whether€theÐ è 8  Ðstatement€is€true€and€an€admission,€you€should€consider€the€circumstances€underÐ Ô$  Ðwhich€it€was€made.€€You€should€also€consider€whether€any€of€the€other€„€otherÐ À  Ðevidence€before€you€tends€to€contradict€the€statement€in€whole€or€in€part.€€You€shouldÐ ¬ü  Ðnot€arbitrarily€disregard€any€part€of€the€statement,€but€should€consider€all€of€theÐ ˜è  Ðstatement€you€believe€to€be€true€and€if€it€is€an€admission€„€and€if€it€is€an€admission.€Ð„Ô Ð Ð  ÐÌà8  àIf€you€find€the€statement€is€true€and€an€„€and€„€if€you€find€the€statement€is€true€andÐ \¬ Ð[an]€admission,€you€are€the€sole€judges€of€the€weight€that€„€that€should€be€given€it.€Ð H˜ ÐYou€should€consider€it€along€with€all€the€other€evidence€in€the€case€in€determiningÐ 4„ Ðthe€defendantððs€guilt€or€innocence.€€Ð pÐ Ð  ÐÌThe€trial€court€also€informed€the€jury€that€it€was€the€juryððs€province€to€determine€what€weight,€if€any,Ð øH Ðthe€statements€proven€in€the€case€should€carry.€€The€court€additionally€informed€the€jury€that€it€mightÐ ä4 Ðtake€any€statement€in€consideration€with€all€the€other€facts€and€circumstances€proven€in€the€case.€Ð Ð  ÐElsewhere€in€the€instructions,€the€trial€court€instructed€the€jury€as€to€credibility€of€the€witnesses,Ð ¼  Ðstating€in€pertinent€part:€Ð ¨ø ÐÌà8  àYou€are€the€exclusive€judges€of€the€credibility€of€the€witnesses€and€the€weight€to€beÐ €Ð Ðgiven€to€their€testimony.€€If€there€are€conflicts€in€the€testimony€of€different€witnesses,Ð l¼ Ðyou€must€reconcile€them,€if€you€can,€without€hastily€or€rationally€concluding€that€anyÐ X ¨ Ðwitness€has€sworn€falsely€for€the€law€presumes€that€all€witnesses€are€truthful.€€InÐ D!” Ðforming€your€opinion€as€to€the€credibility€of€a€witness,€you€may€look€to€the€proof,€ifÐ 0"€  Ðany,€of€his€general€character,€the€evidence,€if€any,€of€the€witnessðð€reputation€for€truthÐ #l! Ðand€veracity,€the€intelligence€and€respectability€of€the€witness,€his€interest€or€lack€ofÐ $X" Ðinterest€in€the€outcome€of€the€trial,€his€feelings,€his€apparent€fairness€or€biases,€hisÐ ô$D # Ðmeans€of€knowledge,€the€reasonableness€of€his€statements,€his€appearance€andÐ à%0!$ Ðdemeanor€while€testifying,€his€contradictory€statements€as€to€the€material€matters,€ifÐ Ì&"% Ðany€are€shown,€and€all€of€the€evidence€in€the€case€tending€to€corroborate€or€toÐ ¸'#& Ðcontradict€him.€€Ð ¤(ô#' ÐÐ Ð Ð  ÐAfter€reviewing€both€the€tape„recorded€conversation€and€the€corresponding€jury€charge,€we€concludeÐ |*Ì%) Ðthat€the€trial€court€properly€gave€the€instruction€on€admission.€€Further,€the€trial€courtððs€instructionÐ h+¸&* Ðclearly€stated€that€it€was€the€juryððs€responsibility€to€determine€whether€the€appellant€had€made€anyÐ ° Ðadmission€and€if€he€had,€to€determine€whether€the€statements€were€entitled€to€any€weight.€€The€jurorsÐ œì Ðwere€additionally€instructed€that€they€were€the€sole€judges€of€the€facts€and€of€the€law€as€it€appliedÐ ˆØ Ðto€the€facts€in€the€case.€€We€conclude€that€the€trial€courtððs€instructions€contained€an€adequateÐ tÄ Ðstatement€of€the€law.€Although€the€pattern€jury€instructions€do€not€contemplate€an€ð ðallegedððÐ `° Ðadmission€against€interest,€the€instruction€provided€is€otherwise€virtually€identical€to€the€instructionÐ L œ Ðon€admission€against€interest€contained€in€the€Tennessee€Pattern€Jury€Instructions.€€òòSeeóó€T.P.I.ð!ð€Crim.Ð 8 ˆ Ððð€42.11(a)€(4th€ed.1995).€The€trial€court€in€the€case€herein€merely€changed€the€language€in€the€chargeÐ $ t Ðfrom€ð ðadmissionðð€to€ð ðalleged€admission.ðð€€This€dilution€of€the€jury€charge€by€addition€of€theÐ  ` Ðmodifier€ð ðallegedðð€could€only€have€inured€to€the€appellantððs€benefit.Ð ü L  ÐÌà  àIt€was€the€responsibility€of€the€jury€to€determine€whether€these€statements€were€made,Ð Ô$  Ðwhether€they€were€truthful,€and€what€weight€the€statements€should€have€been€given€in€determiningÐ À  Ðguilt€or€innocence.€In€our€view,€the€instruction€was€proper.€It€allowed€the€jury€to€consider€theÐ ¬ü  Ðsurrounding€circumstances€and€determine,€in€proper€context,€if€the€defendant€was€acknowledgingÐ ˜è  Ðculpability.€€That€was€the€correct€procedure.€€In€summary,€it€is€our€view€that€the€trial€court€providedÐ „Ô  Ðessentially€correct€and€adequate€instructions€to€the€jury.€€This€issue€is€without€merit.€€Ð pÀ ÐÌòòÓ  ÓSufficiency€of€the€EvidenceóóÐ H˜ ÐÌÓÿÓà  àWhen€a€defendant€challenges€the€sufficiency€of€the€evidence,€this€Court€is€obliged€to€reviewÐ  p Ðthat€claim€according€to€certain€well„settled€principles.€€A€verdict€of€guilty,€rendered€by€a€jury€andÐ  \ Ðð ðapproved€by€the€trial€judge,€accredits€the€testimony€of€theðð€Stateððs€witnesses€and€resolves€allÐ øH Ðconflicts€in€the€testimony€in€favor€of€the€State.€€òòState€v.€Cazesóó,€875€S.W.2d€253,€259€(Tenn.€1994);Ð ä4 ÐòòState€v.€Harrisóó,€839€S.W.2d€54,€75€(Tenn.€1992).€€Thus,€although€the€accused€is€originally€cloakedÐ Ð  Ðwith€a€presumption€of€innocence,€the€jury€verdict€of€guilty€removes€this€presumption€ð ðand€replacesÐ ¼  Ðit€with€one€of€guilt.ðð€€òòState€v.€Tuggleóó,€639€S.W.2d€913,€914€(Tenn.€1982).€€Hence,€on€appeal,€theÐ ¨ø Ðburden€of€proof€rests€with€the€defendant€to€demonstrate€the€insufficiency€of€the€convicting€evidence.Ð ”ä ÐòòId.óó€€The€relevant€question€the€reviewing€court€must€answer€is€whether€any€rational€trier€of€fact€couldÐ €Ð Ðhave€found€the€accused€guilty€of€every€element€of€the€offense€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.Ð l¼ ÐR.€App.€P.€13(e);€òòHarrisóó,€839€S€.W.2d€at€75.€€In€making€this€decision,€we€are€to€accord€the€State€ð ðtheÐ X ¨ Ðstrongest€legitimate€view€of€the€evidence€as€well€as€all€reasonable€and€legitimate€inferences€that€mayÐ D!” Ðbe€drawn€therefrom.ðð€€òòSeeóó€òòTuggleóó,€639€S.W.2d€at€914.€€As€such,€this€Court€is€precluded€from€re„Ð 0"€  Ðweighing€or€reconsidering€the€evidence€when€evaluating€the€convicting€proof.€€òòState€v.€Morganóó,€929Ð #l! ÐS.W.2d€380,€383€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1996);€òòState€v.€Matthewsóó,€805€S.W.2d€776,€779€(Tenn.€Crim.Ð $X" ÐApp.€1990).€€Moreover,€we€may€not€substitute€our€own€ð ðinferences€for€those€drawn€by€the€trier€ofÐ ô$D # Ðfact€from€circumstantial€evidence.ðð€€òòMatthewsóó,€805€S.W.2d€at€779.Ð à%0!$ ÐÌà  àIn€the€case€herein,€the€appellant€was€charged€with€rape,€a€violation€of€Tennessee€CodeÐ ¸'#& ÐAnnotated€section€39„13„503.€€After€hearing€all€the€evidence€at€trial,€the€jury€convicted€the€appellantÐ ¤(ô#' Ðof€the€lesser„included€offense€of€sexual€battery,€a€violation€of€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€section€39„Ð )à$( Ð13„505.€€Sexual€battery€is€defined€as:Ð |*Ì%) ÐÐ h+¸&* Ðà8  à[U]nlawful€sexual€contact€with€a€victim€by€the€defendant€or€the€defendant€by€a€victimÐ ° Ðaccompanied€by€any€of€the€following€circumstances:€(1)€Force€or€coercion€is€used€toÐ œì Ðaccomplish€the€act;€(2)€The€sexual€contact€is€accomplished€without€the€consent€of€theÐ ˆØ Ðvictim€and€the€defendant€knows€or€has€reason€to€know€at€the€time€of€the€contact€thatÐ tÄ Ðthe€victim€did€not€consent;€(3)€The€defendant€knows€or€has€reason€to€know€that€theÐ `° Ðvictim€is€mentally€defective,€mentally€incapacitated€or€physically€helpless;€or€(4)€TheÐ L œ Ðsexual€contact€is€accomplished€by€fraud.Ð8 ˆÐ Ð  ÐÌSexual€contact€includes:€Ð  ` ÐÌà8  à[T]he€intentional€touching€of€the€victimððs,€the€defendantððs,€or€any€other€personððsÐ è 8  Ðintimate€parts,€or€the€intentional€touching€Ô% ‡% ÔÔ%†%¤ÍÔof€the€clothing€covering€the€immediate€areaÐ Ô$  Ðof€the€victimððs,€the€defendantððs,€or€any€other€persons€intimate€parts,€if€that€intentionalÐ À  Ðtouching€can€be€reasonably€construed€as€being€for€the€purpose€of€sexual€arousal€orÐ ¬ü  ÐgratificationÐ ˜è  ÐÐ Ð Ð  ÐTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„13„501.Ð pÀ ÐÌà  àIn€the€case€herein,€the€Stateððs€proof€consisted€primarily€of€the€testimony€of€the€victim.€€TheÐ H˜ Ðvictimððs€story,€recounted€in€detail€above,€included€allegations€that€the€appellant€came€to€her€hospitalÐ 4„ Ðroom€in€the€middle€of€the€night,€kissed€her€against€her€will,€forced€her€to€touch€his€erect€penis,Ð  p Ðexposed€his€genitalia€to€her,€and€forced€his€penis€into€her€mouth.€€Further,€she€testified€that€heÐ  \ Ðmasturbated€to€ejaculation€in€her€presence.€€There€was€no€testimony€to€corroborate€the€victimððsÐ øH Ðversion€of€the€events.€€The€defense€proof€consisted€primarily€of€the€testimony€of€the€appellant.€€TheÐ ä4 Ðappellant€admitted€that€he€visited€the€victimððs€hospital€room,€but€he€denied€that€he€had€any€type€ofÐ Ð  Ðsexual€contact€with€her.€€Instead,€he€testified€that€the€victim€demanded€medication€and,€when€heÐ ¼  Ðrefused€to€provide€that€medication,€grabbed€him€in€the€groin€and€threatened€to€ð ðcry€rapeðð€if€he€didÐ ¨ø Ðnot€comply.€€According€to€the€appellant,€the€victimððs€grasp€on€his€groin€caused€him€to€secreteÐ ”ä Ðprostatic€fluid€€that€he€cleaned€off€with€a€pillowcase€that€he€found€in€the€bathroom.€€The€appellantÐ €Ð Ðclaimed€he€then€fled€the€room.€€The€appellant€also€testified€that€he€agreed€with€all€the€statementsÐ l¼ Ðmade€by€the€victim€during€the€telephone€conversation€to€ð ðpacifyðð€her€because€he€thought€she€wasÐ X ¨ Ðcrazy.€€€€Ð D!” ÐÌà  àIt€is€not€the€duty€of€this€Court€to€assess€the€credibility€of€witnesses€on€appeal,€that€functionÐ #l! Ðis€the€duty€of€the€trier€of€fact.€€òòSeeóó€òògenerallyóó,€òòState€v.€Adkinsóó,€786€S.W.2d€642,€646€(Tenn.€1990);Ð $X" ÐòòState€v.€Burlisonóó,€868€S.W.2d€713,€718„19€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1993).€€Considering€the€testimony€ofÐ ô$D # Ðthe€victim,€along€with€the€tape„recorded€telephone€conversation,€as€well€as€the€testimony€of€theÐ à%0!$ Ðappellant,€there€was€sufficient€evidence€to€support€the€juryððs€verdict€of€sexual€battery.€€€€The€caseÐ Ì&"% Ðherein€truly€presents€the€classic€ð ðhe€said/she€saidðð€scenario.€€Because€of€the€nature€of€the€allegations,Ð ¸'#& Ðwitness€credibility€no€doubt€played€a€crucial€role€at€trial.€€As€noted,€the€determination€of€the€weightÐ ¤(ô#' Ðand€the€credibility€of€the€testimony€of€witnesses€and€reconciliation€of€conflicts€in€that€testimony€areÐ )à$( Ðmatters€entrusted€exclusively€to€the€trier€of€fact,€in€this€case€the€jury.€€òòState€v.€Sheffieldóó,€676€S.W.2dÐ |*Ì%) Ð542,€547€(Tenn.€1984).€The€jury€herein€resolved€the€question€of€witness€credibility€upon€renderingÐ h+¸&* Ða€verdict€of€guilt€for€the€lesser„included€offense€of€sexual€battery.€€Implicit€in€the€juryððs€verdict€isÐ ° Ðdetermination€that€the€victim€was€a€credible€witness.€€We€conclude€that€the€evidence€presented€atÐ œì Ðtrial€was€sufficient€for€a€rational€trier€of€fact€to€find€the€essential€elements€of€sexual€battery€beyondÐ ˆØ Ða€reasonable€doubt.€€This€issue€is€without€merit.€€Ð tÄ ÐÌòòÓ  ÓConclusionóóÐ L œ ÐÓNÜÓÌà  àFor€the€foregoing€reasons,€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court€is€affirmed.€€Ð $ t ÐÌà  àÔ#†XíXXXí;#ÔÔ‡XíXXXíÔà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àÌÔ#†XíXXXí'Ý#Ôà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à___________________________________€Ð è 8  Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àJERRY€L.€SMITH,€JUDGE