ÿWPC  7OH ÝÚÍ•bÈÁ˜¹îqԼɃ`›Üvå†{éSô Ùfmh¿ãþ{ômV嚸À aÈ=~¬´VtRùqqsßõ—g@3BPTD"ƒÚƒÊk$ê©‹šþðûEËKdGËdbÊ@TRé3‹ÕAÕbû_Ñ?{g(u¤2üë&©Tb×Byߣ@Ó¶û@ìü£Ö‡QvÄ#ä,dö:{í×'XtÄ *¼ý¥#O®šùÀ—}¸J­ù¡°Ã9:8Í5šNãéßQ ½wE"²è³‚3ýD,ªeRŽ˜ ®² ƒFYØÕ–± iMÚZò¼µµïÛXª÷hpà³=!‹[ã‰Û,ð/ôÑšÇ@üÖWv’´våÃS'ûYd´lÀYA“¦ª£>ö Øoöëë½ð¡³“1)‘r·v»|f²B ¥´«Ê&šNçF£ZФœð9ôT6Ûø‹ñ @zǪϴ–1ÝŠüÆU¿œÇ·,\ê…Glk$HLj¾ÁÊÇMªò…Í•¬„zéo0§ñn¨ä ­æžù¯Ï HdüŠ·+ßa+aš©g1slëïÐÛ²à)ýïÁ \”Xy¼L Bñßì~åm< KIè)# >U:I %ƒ 0(‰U:±w@ë4+?NVU:XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX AQ’Æã 0D© 0Dí 0D1 1 D/u B¤ BÁ D3Þ ˜HP LaserJet 4SiHPPCL5MS,ü,,,,,ü0nLJÎ,c½¬AZ‹"Arial RegularX($¡¡, øð AZ"Arial Regular ÷øùEúûDüDýgþeÿÓ€ n~<$(˜˜È˜3|x  øÝ ƒ!¯"ÝÝ  ÝÔ€ X:XXXÔÔ€ c X X:ÔÓ  Óò òÔ Ad ÔFILEDÔ€ X:X c ÔÐ  ÐÌJuly€13,€1999ÌÌCecil€Crowson,€Jr.ÌAppellate€Court€ClerkÔdAhÔó ó,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular !"#%Cþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(3¯$¢¢Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý(3¯$££Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó'''÷ÿ dxd düÿP Pd&&&&'ÿÿdxdÝ ƒ!ÝÝ  Ýñþñ›ñþññþñ›ñþñÒ°ÒÒX°ÒÑTR[  AØ'ÿ Legal3Ø' AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÔ€XÜXXXÔÓ  Óœñ ññ ññ ññÿñœñÿñßr€ (<,(j 8` `€€@E ±` 8ttxPX°ð  rßñ ññÿññÿññ ñßt€ (>.*jxÊþÚ` `€€@EêŠ` 8ttxP"Âð È tß›ñ ñIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEÌÌAT€JACKSONÌÌAPRIL€1999€SESSIONÌÌÌÌÌÓ  ÓSTATE€OF€TENNESSEE,à h àà À à)Ð  p  Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à)à  àC.C.A.€No.€02C01„9808„CC„00232Ð `  Ðà ` àAppellee,à  àà h àà À à)Ð P  Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à)à  àLake€CountyÐ ð@  Ðv.à ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à)à  àà p àÐ à0  Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à)à  àHonorable€R.€Lee€Moore,€Jr.,€JudgeÐ Ð  ÐMERRIAN€LOGAN,à  àà h àà À à)Ð À Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à)à  à(Sentencing)Ð ° Ðà ` àAppellant.à  àà h àà À à)à  à€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Ð  ð ÐÌÌÌÌÌÌÌòòFOR€THE€APPELLANTóó:à h àà À àà  àòòFOR€THE€APPELLEEóó:Ð  p ÐÌCLIFFORD€K.€McGOWN,€JR.à À àà  àPAUL€G.€SUMMERSÐ P Ð113€North€Court€Squareà h àà À àà  àAttorney€General€&€ReporterÐ ð@ ÐP.€O.€Box€26ÌWaverly,€TN€€37185à h àà À àà  àPETER€M.€COUGHLANÐ Ð  Ð(On€Appeal)à ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àAssistant€Attorney€GeneralÐ À! Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à425€Fifth€Avenue€NorthÌG.€STEPHEN€DAVISà h àà À àà  àCordell€Hull€Building,€2nd€FloorÐ  #ð! ÐDistrict€Public€Defenderà h àà À àà  àNashville,€TN€€37243„0493Ð $à" Ð208€North€Mill€AvenueÌP.€O.€Box€742à  àà h àà À àà  àC.€PHILLIP€BIVENSÐ p&À!$ ÐDyersburg,€TN€€38025„0742à À àà  àDistrict€Attorney€GeneralÐ `'°"% Ð(At€Trial€and€Of€Counsel€on€Appeal)à  àP.€O.€Drawer€EÐ P( #& Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àDyersburg,€TN€€38025„0220ÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌOPINION€FILED:€€________________________________ÌÌÌAFFIRMEDÌÌÌL.€T.€LAFFERTY,€SENIOR€JUDGEÌÌÌÐ  ;`6: Ðò òòòÔ‡¼¢¯¼XXÜÔÓ  ÓñþñœñþññýñÑ7€:XdæXXdæ7ÑñýñOñþñ›ñþññþññþñ€P€I€N€I€O€NÔ#†XÜX¼¼¢¯‘ #Ôó óóóÐ ° ÐÌÌÓÓñþñœñþññýñò òó óñýññþñ›ñþññþññþñÓ  Óà ` àThe€appellant,€Merrian€Logan,ñþññþñ€referred€herein€as€the€ð ðdefendant,ðð€appeals€as€of€rightÏpursuant€to€Rule€3€of€the€Tennessee€Rules€of€Appellate€Procedure€from€a€judgment€of€theÏLake€County€Circuit€Court.€€Upon€her€plea€of€guilty€to€introduction€of€drugs€into€a€penalÏinstitution,€a€Class€C€felony,€the€trial€court€imposed€a€sentence€of€three€years€in€theÏDepartment€of€Correction,€suspended€to€six€months€with€the€balance€to€be€served€onÏsupervised€probation.€€The€defendant€presents€one€appellate€issue:€€whether€the€trial€courtÏerred€in€requiring€her€to€serve€six€months€in€the€Lake€County€Jail€before€being€placed€onÏprobation.ÌÌà ` àUpon€a€review€of€the€entire€record,€briefs€of€the€parties,€and€applicable€law,€weÏaffirm€the€trial€courtððs€judgment.€ÌÌÓ  Óò òFACTUAL€BACKGROUNDÐ &v ÐÌó óÓ  Óà ` àOn€November€27,€1997,€the€defendant€was€arrested€by€the€Lake€County€SheriffððsÐ æ!6 ÐDepartment€at€the€Northwest€Correctional€Complex€for€introducing€marijuana€into€theÏcomplex.€Deputy€Sheriff€Joseph€Vernon,€while€searching€visitors€at€the€complex,Ïdiscovered€48.6€grams€of€marijuana€in€the€defendantððs€baby€carrier.€€The€defendant€wasÏat€the€complex€to€visit€her€husband,€who€was€incarcerated€for€the€offense€of€aggravatedÏrobbery.€€On€June€3,€1998,€the€defendant€entered€a€plea€of€guilty€to€unlawfully€introducingÏa€controlled€substance,€to€ñþñœñþñwit,ñþñ›ñþñ€marijuana,€into€a€penal€institution.€€The€trial€court€was€toÏdetermine€an€appropriate€sentence€and€ñýñœñýññþñœñþñthe€defendantððsñþñ›ñþñ€request€for€probation.€€AÏpresentence€report€was€ordered.€€At€the€conclusion€of€a€sentencing€hearing€on€July€21,Ï1998,€the€trial€court€sentenced€the€defendant€to€three€years€as€a€Range€I,€standardÏoffender.€€The€court€also€ordered,€after€service€of€six€months€in€the€Lake€County€Jail,€theÏremainder€of€the€defendantððs€sentence€to€be€served€on€supervised€probation.ÌÌÓ  Óò òÐ  F:–59 ÐSENTENCING€HEARINGÌÌó óÓ  Óà ` àJoseph€Vernon,€deputy€sheriff€for€Lake€County€and€sergeant€for€the€Department€ofÐ pÀ ÐCorrection€at€the€Northwest€Correctional€Complex€for€fourteen€years,€testified€that€heÏarrested€the€defendant€at€the€complex.€During€a€routine€search€of€visitors,€SergeantÏVernon€found€48.6€grams€(two€ounces)€of€marijuana€in€a€baby€carrier€in€the€defendantððsÏpossession.€€The€defendant€was€at€the€complex€to€visit€her€husband.€€The€defendantÏinitially€admitted€to€bringing€the€drugs€into€the€complex€and€then€denied€it.€€The€defendantÏand€her€companion€were€arrested.€€Later,€after€booking,€the€defendant€signed€a€waiver€ofÏrights€and€admitted€in€a€signed€statement€that€the€marijuana€was€hers.€€Her€companionÏwas€then€released.€€ñþñœñþñÌÌà ` àAsñþñ›ñþñ€part€of€Sergeant€Vernonððs€duties€at€the€complex,€he€compiles€statistics€on€drugÏuse€by€inmates.€€Vernon€testified€that,€after€monthly€random€drug€screens,€twenty„fiveÏpercent€of€the€inmates€test€positive€for€the€presence€of€illegal€drugs.€€The€common€formÏof€entry€of€drugs€into€the€complex€is€through€visitors.€€Visitors€account€for€ninety€to€ninety„¼five€percent€of€the€illegal€entry€of€drugs€into€the€complex.€€Thus,€Sergeant€Vernon€testifiedÏthat€heavy€sentences€are€necessary€to€deter€other€visitors€from€bringing€drugs€into€theÏcomplex.€ÌÌà ` àThe€defendant€testified€she€is€a€resident€of€Shelby€County,€Tennessee,€and€has€fourÏchildren,€ages€6,€8,€9,€ñþñœñþñand€10.ñþñ›ñþñ€€Her€husband€is€incarcerated€for€aggravated€robbery.€€At€theÏtime€of€sentencing,€the€defendant€was€employed€at€Shoneyððs€and€received€an€AFDCÏsupplement.€€The€defendant€graduated€from€high€school€and€sought€training€at€a€beautyÏcollege,€but€failed€to€complete€the€course.€€The€defendant€takes€heart€medication.€€TheÏdefendant€admitted€she€pled€guilty€to€carrying€marijuana€into€the€prison.€€However,€in€theÏpresentence€report,€the€defendant€stated€she€did€not€know€the€marijuana€was€in€the€babyÏcarrier.€€Then,€the€defendant€testified€ñþñœñþñthat€herñþñ›ñþñ€statement€to€the€probation€officer€was€true,Ïbut€ð ð[i]tððs€really€not€true€because€I€knew€that€she€had€it.€€Once€we€had€got€there,€I€knew€sheÐ 09€48 Ðhad€it,€but€„„€I€really€knew€she€had€it.ðð€€The€defendant€admitted€she€was€willing€to€ð ðtake€theÏcharge.ðð€€As€to€her€written€statement€to€Sergeant€Vernon,€the€defendant€testified€ð ð[h]eÏwrote€it,€and€I€just€agreed€to€it.ðð€ÌÌà ` àñþñœñþñDuringñõñInñõññþñ›ñþñ€cross„examination,€the€defendant€testified€her€companion€was€really€TomekaÏBirds,€but€she€was€using€the€alias€Iris€Gilliland.€€Birdsððs€baby€was€listed€on€the€defendantððsÏhusbandððs€visitor€list,€because€her€husband€felt€like€a€godfather€to€the€baby.€€TheÏdefendant€testified€she€and€Birds€had€shared€an€apartment€for€six€months.€€Birds€was€atÏthe€complex€to€see€Henry€Brooks,€but€was€on€Harry€Dillardððs€visitor€list.€€The€defendantÏadmitted€her€husband€was€not€the€father€of€any€of€her€children.€ÌÌà ` àThe€presentence€report€verifies€the€defendant€has€no€history€of€arrests€orÏconvictions.€€Based€upon€this€evidence,€the€trial€court€imposed€a€three„year€sentence,€withÏsupervised€probation€after€serving€six€months€in€the€Lake€County€Jail.€ÌÌÓ  Óò òSENTENCING€CONSIDERATIONSÐ Ð  ÐÌó óÓ  Óà ` àThe€defendant€contends€that€she€is€entitled€to€complete€probation€and€that€toÐ $à" Ðincarcerate€her€for€six€months€would€work€an€undue€financial€hardship.€€She€has€fourÏchildren€and€a€good€work€history.€€The€state€counters€that€the€defendant€is€not€worthy€ofÏfull€probation€on€the€basis€she€is€unwilling€to€accept€responsibility€for€her€criminal€conductÏand€a€particularized€need€for€deterrence€in€this€case,€because€it€involved€a€penalÏinstitution.€ÌÌÔ‡î‹qîXXÌÔà ` àÔ#†XÌXîî‹q8##ÔWhen€a€defendant€complains€of€the€imposition€of€his€or€her€sentence,€we€mustÐ °1-0 Ðconduct€a€ò òde€novo€ó óreview€with€a€presumption€of€correctness.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„Ð 3à.2 Ð401(d).€€Therefore,€the€burden€of€showing€that€the€sentence€is€improper€is€upon€theÏappealing€party.€òòId.óóò ò€ó ó€The€presumption€that€determinations€made€by€the€trial€court€areÐ P7 26 Ðcorrect€is€conditioned€upon€the€affirmative€showing€in€the€record€that€the€trial€courtÐ 09€48 Ðconsidered€the€sentencing€principles€and€all€relevant€facts€and€circumstances.€òò€State€v.Ð ° ÐAshby,€óó823€S.W.2d€166,€169€(Tenn.€1991);€òòState€v.€Smith,€óó898€S.W.2d€742,€745€(Tenn.Ð à ÐCrim.€App.€1994),€òòper.€app.€deniedóó€(Tenn.€1995).Ð pÀ ÐÌà ` àIf€appellate€review€reflects€that€the€trial€court€properly€considered€all€relevant€facts,Ïand€its€findings€of€fact€are€adequately€supported€by€the€record,€this€Court€must€affirm€theÏsentence€ð ðeven€if€we€would€have€preferred€a€different€result.ðð€òò€State€v.€Fletcher,€óó805Ð ð@  ÐS.W.2d€785,€789€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1991).€€In€arriving€at€the€proper€determination€of€anÏappropriate€sentence,€the€trial€court€must€consider:€€(1)€the€evidence,€if€any,€received€atÏthe€guilty€plea€and€the€sentencing€hearing;€(2)€the€presentence€report;€(3)€the€principlesÏof€sentencing€and€arguments€as€to€sentencing€alternatives;€(4)€the€nature€andÏcharacteristics€of€the€criminal€conduct€involved;€(5)€evidence€and€information€offered€by€theÏparties€on€enhancement€and€mitigating€factors;€(6)€any€statements€the€defendant€wishesÏto€make€in€the€defendantððs€behalf€about€the€sentencing;€and€(7)€the€potential€forÏrehabilitation€and€treatment.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðððð€40„35„210(a)€and€(b),€40„35„103;€òòStateÐ ð@ Ðv.€Holland,€óó860€S.W.2d€53,€60€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1993).Ð Ð  ÐÌà ` àFrom€our€review€of€the€record,€the€trial€court€did€consider€the€sentencing€principlesÏof€the€Tennessee€Criminal€Sentencing€Reform€Act€of€1989,€thus€our€review€is€with€aÏpresumption€of€correctness.€òò€State€v.€Ashby,€óó823€S.W.2d€166,€169€(Tenn.€1991).€€SinceÐ P( #& Ðthe€defendant€contends€she€should€not€have€split€confinement€for€six€months,€the€recordÏmust€support€the€trial€courtððs€judgment.€€In€requiring€the€defendant€to€serve€six€months,€theÏtrial€court€found€confinement€necessary€to€avoid€depreciating€the€seriousness€of€the€crime,Ïconfinement€was€necessary€as€a€general€deterrence,€and€ÌÓÓà8 ` àà8¸ ` (#` (#à[t]he€potential€for€rehabilitation€is€something€that€is€veryÏquestionable€because€in€this€particular€situation,€weððve€hadÏthree€or€four€different€stories€that€Mrs.€Logan€has€told€aboutÏwhat€actually€happened.€€She€ñþñœñþñcomeñöñsñöññþñ›ñþñ€in€today€and€tells€even€aÏdifferent€story.€With€her€attorney€making€every€effort€possibleÏto€get€her€to€accept€responsibility€for€the€situation,€she€justÏrefuses€to€completely€do€that.€Under€the€circumstances,€TheÏCourt€feels€that€some€period€of€incarceration€is€necessaryÏalthough€The€Court€does€not€feel€that€the€presumptiveÏminimum€of€three€years€total€is€necessary.€Ð :p59¸ Ð ¸ Ð  ЇÌÌÓÓà ` àIn€certain€circumstances,€a€trial€court€may€deny€full€probation€and€consider€splitÏconfinement€based€on€the€seriousness€of€the€offense.€€To€deny€an€alternative€sentenceÏbased€on€the€seriousness€of€the€offense,€ð ðthe€circumstances€of€the€offense€as€committed,Ïmust€be€especially€violent,€horrifying,€shocking,€reprehensible,€offensive,€or€otherwise€ofÏan€excessive€or€exaggerated€degree,ðð€and€the€nature€of€the€offense€must€outweigh€all€ofÏthe€factors€that€favor€a€sentence€other€than€confinement.€òò€State€v.€Hartley,€óó818€S.W.2dÐ ð@  Ð370,€374„75€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1991).€€We€cannot€say€the€facts€in€this€record€meet€theÏstandards€set€forth€in€òòHartley,€óó818€S.W.2d€at€374„75.€€However,€in€arriving€at€a€properÐ ° Ðsentence€and€its€imposition,€the€trial€court€is€entitled€to€inquire€into€the€nature€andÏcharacteristics€of€the€criminal€conduct€involved.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„210(b)(4);€òòStateÐ pÀ Ðv.€Hollingsworth,€óó647€S.W.2d€937,€939€(Tenn.€1983).€€We€concur€in€the€trial€courtððs€findingÐ P  Ðthat€some€confinement€is€appropriate€for€this€offense.€€The€defendant€made€a€consciousÏdecision€to€smuggle€marijuana€into€a€penal€institution€in€a€baby€carrier€and€to€deliver€theÏsame€to€her€husband.€€The€Government€has€a€legitimate€interest€in€preventing€visitors€fromÏsmuggling€drugs€into€prisons.€€Thus,€consideration€of€the€seriousness€of€the€offense€wasÏappropriate.ÌÌà ` àAs€part€of€ordering€the€defendant€to€split€confinement,€the€trial€court€was€concernedÏwith€deterrence.€€Before€the€court€considers€deterrence,€there€must€be€some€evidence€inÏthe€record€that€the€sentence€imposed€will€have€a€deterrent€effect€within€the€jurisdiction.ÏòòState€v.€Bonestel,€óó871€S.W.2d€163,€170€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1993).€€This€Court€hasÐ ,`'* Ðrepeatedly€held€that€a€finding€of€a€deterrent€effect€within€the€jurisdiction€cannot€be€merelyÏconclusory,€but€must€be€supported€by€proof.€òò€Ashby,€óó823€S.W.2d€at€170.€€There€isÐ Ð/ +. Ðadequate€evidence€in€the€record€to€support€the€trial€courtððs€determination€that€deterrenceÏis€applicable€in€these€facts.€€Sergeant€Vernon€testified€that€a€random€monthly€check€ofÏinmates€for€drugs€reveals€twenty„five€percent€of€the€inmate€population€tests€positive€forÏdrugs,€and€the€main€introduction€of€illegal€drugs€into€the€Northwest€Correctional€ComplexÏis€through€visitors.€€Sergeant€Vernon€testified€that€heavy€sentences€will€act€as€a€deterrentÐ 09€48 Ðin€the€prevention€of€drug€smuggling€into€penal€institutions.€€We€find€the€trial€court€wasÏcorrect€in€considering€this€factor.ÌÌà ` àFurthermore,€in€imposing€the€six„month€confinement€period,€the€trial€court€wasÏconcerned€with€the€defendantððs€lack€of€truthfulness€and€her€potential€for€rehabilitation.ÏCredibility€is€best€judged€by€the€trial€court,€which€is€in€the€best€position€to€see€and€evaluateÏthe€testimony€of€a€defendant.€€We€have€held€that€a€defendantððs€credibility€and€willingnessÏto€accept€responsibility€for€the€offense€are€circumstances€relevant€to€determining€herÏrehabilitation€potential.€òò€State€v.€Dowdy,€óó894€S.W.2d€301,€306€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1994);Ð ° ÐòòState€v.€Anderson,€óó857€S.W.2d€571,€574€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1992).€€We€can€logicallyÐ à Ðassume€that€one€who€seeks€probation€and€who€is€less€than€truthful€about€her€involvementÏin€the€offense€would€have€a€poor€potential€for€successful€rehabilitation.€€Such€considerationÏof€truthfulness€ñþñœñþññ÷ñby€the€trial€court€ñ÷ñwasñþñ›ñþñ€appropriate€ñþñœñþññùññøñiñøññùññúñunderñúññûñinñûññþñ›ñþñ€these€ñþñœñþñfactsñüñ€by›€the›€trial›€courtñüñ.ñþñ›ñþñ€€During€the€initialÏsearch,€the€defendant€admitted€the€marijuana€was€hers,€and€then€denied€possession,Ïresulting€in€her€and€Tomeka€Birdsððs€arrests.€€The€defendant€explained€her€writtenÏstatement€to€Sergeant€Vernon€as€ð ðI€just€agreed€to€it.ðð€€The€defendant€was€equivocal€in€herÏstatements€to€the€probation€department.€€Also,€in€her€testimony,€the€defendant€wasÏequivocal€before€the€trial€court.€€We€conclude€that€the€trial€courtððs€consideration€of€theÏdefendantððs€candor€was€a€relevant€factor€in€determining€the€imposition€of€split€confinement.€ÌÌà ` àThe€defendant€has€failed€to€establish€the€trial€courtððs€decision,€as€to€splitÏconfinement,€was€erroneous.€€Therefore,€the€trial€courtððs€judgment€is€affirmed.ÌÌÓÓÌÔ‡X*òXXXÌÔà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à________________________________________Ð À0,/ Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àL.€T.€LAFFERTY,€SENIOR€JUDGEÌÌÌCONCUR:ÌÌÌÌ___________________________________ÌJOSEPH€M.€TIPTON,€JUDGEÌÐ ¼9 59 ЇÌ___________________________________Ô#†XÌXXX*òúA#ÔÐ –æ ÐDAVID€G.€HAYES,€JUDGEÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àÌÌÌÌÌÌÌòòÌóó