ÿWPCe yiÝÝÓXvM6ù *4pÚ°ðfQ1öÈî™ióeh>…ú;Tßt=á3²··¡­~Ö§„Ë)åT¤›âYvùqßœ¥U÷´š–£gãIt€¬ÿƬei†,ÔRBDþÕÀÖž!Çznh|/þ¿<û"’SÞ¡ }ªEËM¹)¨ê}@Õ¦³å rD…¨qæÔ–®µµ² §Mk°ë&/>cCUNI %— 0(U:ÅU:ÿw@94yœ[¤ 0§ÿ 0D¦ 0Dê'. U:U U: 'É U:ð ð ð ð ð ð ð ð ð ð ð ð AQ* Æ{ 0DA B… 0D¢ ¢ D/æ æ B D32˜HP LaserJet 4SiHPPCL5MS,ü,,,,,ü0nLlÎ(ÈhH  Z 6Times New Roman RegularX($¡¡, øð AZ"Arial Regular,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular úDûDüUýDþDÿe[Ó€ n~<$3|x QÝ ƒ £u$ÝÒ4°ÒÒX°ÒÔ€XÎXXXÔà Œ àòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝHonorable€Joe€B.€Jones€died€May€1,€1998,€and€did€not€participate€in€thisÐ `  Ðopinion.€€We€acknowledge€his€faithful€service€to€this€Court,€both€as€a€member€of€theÏCourt€and€as€its€Presiding€Judge.(W(2rõ$¤¤Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  ÝÒ4°ÒÒX°ÒÔ€X VXXXÔà Œ àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(3¯$££Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý Ý ƒ!¯"ÝÝ  ÝÔ€XŽ‘XXXÔÔ€™XXŽ‘ÔÓ  ÓÔ Ad ÔFILEDÔ€XŽ‘X™ÔÐ  ÐÌò òAugust€25,€1998Ð šš ÐÌCecil€Crowson,€Jr.ÌÔ€ôÖÚôXXŽ‘ÔAppellate€Court€Clerkó ó, øð AZ"Arial Regular,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular Ý ƒ!¯"ÝÝ  ÝÔ€XŽ‘XXXÔÔ€™XXŽ‘ÔÓ  ÓÔ Ad ÔFILEDÔ€XŽ‘X™ÔÐ  ÐÌò òAugust€21,€1998Ð šš ÐÌCecil€Crowson,€Jr.ÌÔ€ôÖÚôXXŽ‘ÔAppellate€Court€Clerkó ó,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular !#%Cþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(3¯$¢¢Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý d($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó'''÷ÿ dxdüÿP Pd""""'ÿÿdxdÝ ƒ!ÝÝ  Ýñÿñ›ñÿññÿñ›ñÿñÔ€XŒYXXXÔÔ‡XŽ‘XXXŒYÔÑ` °ÑÑܰÑÒ4°ÒÒX°ÒÑTR[  AØ'ÿ Legal3Ø' AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÓÓÓÓòòÑ  ÑÑ7€ŒYXXdðXXdð7Ñññœñññ ñññßr€(<,(j 8` `€€@E f ` ttx$X` ð Úrßñññ ññññ ñßr€(<,(j 8` `€€@E f ` ttx$X` ð Úrßñ ñññññññññññ›ññññññññññ›ññññññññ›ññññññññ›ññññ›ññà@g g ÚàIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEˆÌññññÌÓ  ÓññññAT€JACKSONóóÐ , Ì ÐÓ2ÓÌà@––'ÚàMARCH€1998€SESSIONˆÌÌññññÌÌSTATE€OF€TENNESSEE,à ” àà ì àà D à*€à œ àNo.€02C01„9710„CR„00383Ð 0 Ðà Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àà ì àà D àÌà Œ àà ä à€€Appellee,à ” àà ì àà D à*à œ àShelby€CountyÐ \ü  Ðññññà Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àà ì àà D à€Ìvs.à Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àà ì àà D à*à œ àHon.€James€C.€Beasley,€Jr.,€JudgeÐ (È  ÐññññÌññññMARIA€MACLIN,à < àà ” àà ì àà D à*à œ à(Second€Degree€Murder)Ð ô”  Ðññœßt€(>.*jx:` `€€@ELÛ` ttx$„Ú( Õtß›ññà Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àà ì àÌà Œ àà ä àAppellant.à ” àà ì àà D à*Ð À` ÐÌÌÌÌÌòòFor€Appellantóó:à < àà ” àà ì àà D àà œ àòòFor€Appelleeóó:Ð $Ä ÐÌC.€Michael€Robbinsà < àà ” àà ì àà D àà œ àJohn€Knox€WalkupÐ ð ÐAttorney€at€Lawà < àà ” àà ì àà D àà œ àAttorney€General€&€ReporterÐ Öv Ð3074€East€Streetà < àà ” àà ì àà D àÐ ¼ \ ÐMemphis,€TN€€38128à ” àà ì àà D àà œ àPeter€M.€CoughlanÐ ¢!B Ð(on€appeal)à ä àà < àà ” àà ì àà D àà œ àAssistant€Attorney€GeneralÐ ˆ"( Ðà Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àà ì àà D àà œ à425€Fifth€Avenue€NorthÌGary€W.€Ballà ä àà < àà ” àà ì àà D àà œ àCordell€Hull€Building,€Second€FloorÐ T$ô Ðandà Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àà ì àà D àà œ àNashville,€TN€€37243„0493Ð :%Ú ÐJane€E.€Sturdivantà < àà ” àà ì àà D àà œ àÐ  &À  ÐAttorneys€at€Lawà < àà ” àà ì àà D àà œ àJanet€S.€ShipmanÐ '¦! Ð242€Poplar€Avenueà < àà ” àà ì àà D àà œ àandÐ ì'Œ" ÐMemphis,€TN€€38103à ” àà ì àà D àà œ àJohnny€ñÿñœñÿñR.€McFarlandñÿñ›ñÿñÐ Ò(r# Ð(at€trial)à ä àà < àà ” àà ì àà D àà œ àAssistant€District€Attorneys€GeneralÐ ¸)X $ Ðà Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àà ì àà D àà œ àCriminal€Justice€ComplexÌà Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àà ì àà D àà œ à201€Poplar€Street,€Suite€301Ìà Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àà ì àà D àà œ àMemphis,€TN€€38103ÌÌÌÌÌÌOPINION€FILED:___________________________ÌÌÌAFFIRMEDÌÓ ÓÌGARY€R.€WADE,€JUDGEÐ  27Ò-3w ÐÔ#†XŒYXXXŽ‘P#Ôà@33-ÚàñÿñœñÿñòòOPINIONóóñÿñ›ñÿñˆÐ `  Ðà Œ àà ä àThe€defendant,€Maria€Maclin,€was€convicted€of€second€degree€murder.€ÏThe€trial€court€sentenced€the€defendant,€who€qualified€as€a€violent€offender,€toÏtwenty„two€years€imprisonment.€€A€fine€of€ten€thousand€dollars€was€imposed.€€In€thisÏappeal€of€right,€the€defendant€does€not€challenge€the€sufficiency€of€the€evidence€butÏdoes€present€the€following€issues€for€our€review:€ÌÓÓà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#à(1)€€€whether€the€trial€court€erroneously€instructed€the€juryÏby€defining€"reasonable"€and€by€providing€a€"dynamiteÏcharge";€andÐ ä Ð ä Ð  ÐÌà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#à(2)€€€whether€the€sentence€is€excessive.ÓàÓÐ ä Ð ä Ð  ÐÌà Œ àà ä àWe€find€no€error€and€affirm€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court.ÌÌà Œ àà ä àThe€defendant€and€her€family€had€been€feuding€with€the€victim,€GlennÏTaylor,€and€his€family€for€many€years.€€On€the€evening€of€January€26,€1996,€theÏdefendant,€the€victim,€and€members€of€each€of€their€families,€attended€a€basketballÏgame€at€East€High€School€in€Memphis.€€The€families€sat€on€opposite€sides€of€theÏarena€and€gestured€to€each€other€throughout€the€game.€€At€its€conclusion,€theÏdefendant€stood€in€the€crowded€school€parking€lot€with€her€sister,€Latrice€Woods,Ïwho€accused€Kena€"Shea"€Blakney,€the€older€sister€of€the€victim,€of€having€stolenÏ$100.00€from€her.€€In€response,€Ms.€Blakney€accused€Ms.€Woods€of€slashing€herÏtires.€€A€fist€fight€followed.€€When€the€victim€saw€his€sister€fighting,€he€intervened,Ïstriking€either€Ms.€Woods€or€the€defendant€in€the€process.€€The€defendant€then€drewÏher€gun€and,€as€the€victim€attempted€to€flee,€she€shot€him€twice,€killing€him.ÌÌà Œ àà ä àThe€defense€theory€was€that€the€victim€and€his€sister€were€armed€andÏhad€struck€the€defendant€and€her€sister€with€their€weapons.€€Witnesses€for€the€stateÐ @8à.2 Ðtestified€that€neither€the€victim€nor€his€sister€were€armed€and€that€the€victim€hadÐ 8¸.4 Ðturned€to€run€away€when€he€was€shot.€€No€weapon€was€recovered€from€the€victim.€ÏThe€autopsy€indicated€that€the€victim€had€been€shot€twice€in€the€back.€ÌÌà@¾¾0ÚàIˆÌà Œ àà ä àThe€defendant€contends€that€the€trial€court€erred€in€its€response€to€twoÏquestions€from€the€jury,€thereby€depriving€her€of€the€constitutional€right€to€a€trial€byÏjury.€€The€state€maintains€that€the€trial€court€acted€properly.ÌÌà@UU/Úà(A)ˆÌà Œ àà ä àAfter€the€trial€court€charged€the€jury€on€second€degree€murder,€itÏprovided€the€following€instructions€on€voluntary€manslaughter:ÌÓÓà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àFor€you€to€find€the€defendant€guilty€of€[voluntaryÏmanslaughter],€the€state€must€have€proven€beyond€aÏreasonable€doubt€the€existence€of€the€followingÏelements:Ð ä Ð ä Ð  Ðà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àà8<ä Ð ä Ð à(1)€that€the€defendant€unlawfully€killed€theÏalleged€victim;€andÐ <x<x Ðà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àà8<ä Ð ä Ð à(2)€that€the€killing€was€intentional€orÏknowing;€andÐ <x<x Ðà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àà8<ä Ð ä Ð à(3)€that€the€killing€resulted€from€a€state€ofÏpassion€produced€by€adequate€provocationÏsufficient€to€lead€a€òòreasonable€personóó€to€actÐ  &À  Ðin€an€irrational€manner.ÓåÓÐ <x<x Ð(Emphasis€added).ÌÌà Œ àà ä àDuring€its€deliberations€the€jury€asked€the€trial€court€to€"[d]efineÏreasonable€as€pertains€to€'reasonable€person.'"€€The€state€argued€for€a€dictionaryÏdefinition€to€be€provided,€"[J]ust,€proper,€ordinary,€usual,€fit€and€appropriate€to€theÏend€in€view...."€€The€trial€court€determined€that€the€terms€usual,€ordinary€and€rationalÏfit€the€connotation€of€reasonable€person.€€Neither€defense€counsel€nor€the€stateÏobjected€to€the€supplemental€instruction:ÌÓÓà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àThere€is€no€set€definition€for€reasonable€as€set€forth€inÏyour€question.€€Some€terms€such€as€ordinary,€usual,€orÏrational€may€apply,€but€the€ultimate€issue€is€for€you€toÐ þ8ž/5 Ðdetermine€what€a€reasonable€person€is.ÓÞÓÐ ä Ð ä Ð  ÐÌà Œ àà ä àThe€trial€court,€of€course,€has€a€duty€to€give€a€complete€charge€of€theÏlaw€applicable€to€the€facts€of€the€case.€€òòState€v.€Harbisonóó,€704€S.W.2d€314,€319Ð Äd Ð(Tenn.€1986).€€It€is€presumed€that€the€jury€follows€the€instructions€of€the€trial€court.€ÏòòState€v.€Blackmonóó,€701€S.W.2d€228,€233€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1985);€€òòKlaver€v.€Stateóó,Ð \ü  Ð503€S.W.2d€946€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1973).€€A€jury€instruction€can€be€foundÏ"prejudicially€erroneous"€only€if€"it€fails€to€fairly€submit€the€legal€issues€or€if€itÏmisleads€the€jury€as€to€the€applicable€law."€€òòState€v.€Hodgesóó,€944€S.W.2d€346,€352Ð À` Ð(Tenn.€1997).€€In€òòHodgesóó,€our€supreme€court€warned€that€the€instructions€should€beÐ Œ, Ð"read€...€as€a€whole":€€€¹ÒXÒÒä 4ÒÓÓ[J]urors€do€not€sit€in€solitary€isolation€booths€parsingÏinstructions€for€subtle€shades€of€meaning€in€the€sameÏway€that€lawyers€might.€€Differences€among€them€inÏinterpretation€of€instructions€may€be€thrashed€out€in€theÏdeliberative€process,€with€common€sense€understandingÏof€the€instructions€in€the€light€of€all€that€has€taken€placeÏat€the€trial€likely€to€prevail€over€technical€hairsplitting.ÌÌÒ4ä ["ÒÒXM"ÒÓi"ÓòòId.óó,€944€S.W.2d€at€352€(quoting€òòBoyde€v.€Californiaóó,€494€U.S.€370,€380„81€(1990)).€€Ð T$ô ÐÌà Œ àà ä àTrial€courts€may€provide€supplemental€instructions€in€response€to€juryÏquestions.€€òòState€v.€Forbesóó,€918€S.W.2d€431,€451€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1995).€€TrialÐ ¸)X $ Ðcourts€are€not€required€to€define€or€explain€words€or€terms€in€common€use€which€areÏunderstood€by€persons€of€ordinary€intelligence.€€òòState€v.€Summersóó,€692€S.W.2d€439,Ð P-ð#( Ð445€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1985).Ìà Œ àÌà Œ àà ä à€€Voluntary€ñÿñœñÿñmanslaughterñÿñ›ñÿñ€is€an€intentional€or€knowing€ñÿñœñÿñkillingñÿñ›ñÿñ€committedÏwhile€under€a€"state€of€passion€produced€by€adequate€provocation€sufficient€to€leadÏa€reasonable€person€to€act€in€an€irrational€manner."€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„13„211.€ÏThe€Sentencing€Commission€Comments€to€this€section€suggest€that€the€basicÐ 8¸.4 Ðcommon€law€principles€of€voluntary€manslaughter€remain€intact.€€Neither€theÏstatutory€law€nor€the€Tennessee€Pattern€Jury€Instructions€provide€a€definition€for€theÏterm€"reasonable€person."€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„13„211;€T.P.I.€ðð€7.06,Ð ø ˜ ÐInstruction€on€Voluntary€Manslaughter.€€ÌÌà Œ àà ä àUnder€common€law,€an€objective€rather€than€a€subjective€standard€isÏused€to€determine€whether€adequate€provocation€reduces€the€offense€of€first€orÏsecond€degree€murder€to€voluntary€manslaughter.€€ñÿñœñÿñòòSeeóóñÿñ›ñÿñ€òòState€v.€Freddoóó,€155€S.W.Ð ô”  Ð170€(Tenn.€1912).€€In€òòSeals€v.€Stateóó,€our€supreme€court€referred€to€an€"ordinaryÐ À` Ð[person],€of€fair€average€disposition€...."€in€the€context€of€provocation.€€62€Tenn.€459,Ï462€(1874)€(internal€quotations€omitted).€€Similarly,€in€òòWhitsett€v.€ñÿñœñÿñStateóó,ñöñ,ñöññÿñ›ñÿñ€the€supremeÐ Xø Ðcourt€held€that€the€person€provoked€must€be€"laboring€under€an€adequately€arousedÏpassion€so€great€as€to€obscure€his€ñÿñœñÿñreason."ñ÷ñ€€ñ÷ññøñ299€S.W.2d€2,€6€(Tenn.€1957)ñøññùñ.€€ñùññÿñ›ñÿñÌÌà Œ àà ä àIn€our€view,€the€instruction€on€"reasonable€person,"€in€the€context€ofÏthe€entire€charge,€is€not€erroneous.€That€"ordinary,€usual,€or€rational€may€apply,"€asÏindicated€in€the€supplemental€charge,€is€a€correct€statement€of€law.€€Other€wordsÏsuch€as€ñÿñœñÿññúñrational,›€ñúñmoderate,ñÿñ›ñÿñ€fair€and€sensible€would€also€serve€as€adequate€definitions.€ÏòòAmerican€Heritage€Dictionaryóó€573€(Office€Ed.€1983);€òòWebster's€New€WorldÐ ¸)X $ ÐDictionaryóó€399€(Modern€Desk€Ed.€1976).€Ð „+$"& ÐÌñÿñœñÿññûñÌñûññÿñ›ñÿñà@UU/Úà(B)ˆÌà Œ àà ä àAfter€four€and€one„half€hours€of€deliberation,€the€jury€asked€of€the€trialÏcourt,€"What€happens€if€we€agree€that€she€is€guilty€but€cannot€[agree]€on€2nd€degreeÏvs.€voluntary€manslaughter?"€€In€response,€the€trial€judge€reread€the€followingÏsections€of€the€original€charge:€ÌÓÓà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àà < àThe€verdict€must€represent€the€consideredÏjudgment€of€each€juror.€€In€order€to€return€a€verdict,€it€isÐ þ8ž/5 Ðnecessary€that€each€juror€agree€thereto.€€Your€verdictÏmust€be€unanimous.Ð ä Ð ä Ð  ÐÌà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àà < àIt€is€your€duty,€as€jurors,€to€consult€with€oneÏanother€and€to€deliberate€with€a€view€to€reaching€anÏagreement,€if€you€can€do€so€without€violence€to€individualÏjudgment.€€Each€of€you€must€decide€the€case€forÏyourself,€but€do€so€only€after€an€impartial€consideration€ofÏthe€evidence€with€your€fellow€jurors.€€In€the€course€ofÏyour€deliberations,€do€not€hesitate€to€reexamine€your€ownÏviews€and€change€your€opinion€if€convinced€it€isÏerroneous.€€But€do€not€surrender€your€honest€convictionÏas€to€the€weight€or€effect€of€evidence€solely€because€ofÏthe€opinion€of€your€fellow€jurors,€or€for€the€mere€purposeÏof€returning€a€verdict.Ð ä Ð ä Ð  ÐÌà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àà < àWhen€you€retire€to€consider€your€verdict€...€you€willÏfirst€inquire,€is€the€defendant€guilty€of€Murder€SecondÏDegree€as€charged€in€the€indictment?€...Ð ä Ð ä Ð  ÐÌà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àà < àIf€you€find€the€defendant€not€guilty€of€this€offense,Ïor€if€you€have€a€reasonable€doubt€of€her€guilt€of€thisÏoffense,€you€will€acquit€her€thereof€and€then€proceed€toÏinquire€whether€or€not€she€is€guilty€of€VoluntaryÏManslaughter€as€included€in€the€indictment.Ð ä Ð ä Ð  ÐÌà@ee/Úà***ˆÌà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àà < àTake€the€case,€consider€all€the€facts€andÏcircumstances€fairly€and€impartially€and€report€to€theÏCourt€such€verdict€as€truth€dictates€and€justice€demands.Ó0ÓÐ ä Ð ä Ð  ÐÌà Œ àà ä àThe€defendant€contends€that€the€trial€court€should€have€inquiredÏwhether€the€jury€was,€in€fact,€deadlocked€and€that€the€trial€court€erred€by€directingÏthe€jury€to€consider€second€degree€murder€before€voluntary€manslaughter.ÌÌà Œ àà ä àIn€òòState€v.€Kerseyóó,€525€S.W.2d€139€(Tenn.€1975),€our€supreme€courtÐ 6.Ö$) Ðadopted€Sec.€5.4€of€the€ABA€Standards€Relating€to€Trial€by€Jury,€and€directed€itsÏuse€by€the€trial€courts€faced€with€deadlocked€juries;€the€court€disapproved€of€theÏòòAllenóó€or€"dynamite"€charge.€€òòSeeóó€òòAllen€v.€United€Statesóó,€164€U.S.€492€(1896);€Ð š3:*/ ÐòòCommonwealth€v.€Tueyóó,€62€Mass.€1€(1851).€€In€òòKerseyóó,€our€supreme€court€ruled€thatÐ f5,1 Ðthe€"dynamite"€charge€constituted€an€impermissible,€judicially€mandated€majorityÏverdict€and€concluded€that€the€only€proper€inquiry€of€the€jury€"as€to€its€progress€[is]Ð þ8ž/5 Ð...€whether€it€believes€it€might€reach€a€verdict€after€further€deliberations."€€òòKerseyóó,Ð `  Ð525€S.W.2d€at€141.€€ÌÌà Œ àà ä àThe€charge€under€challenge€by€the€defendant€is€identical€to€the€ññòòññKerseyññóóññÐ Äd Ðinstruction.€€Unlike€the€òòAllenóó€case,€this€jury€was€not€instructed€to€surrender€individualÐ 0 Ðjudgment.€€In€the€event€of€an€inability€to€agree€on€the€part€of€the€jury,€trial€judgesÏmay€require€the€jury€to€continue€deliberating€and€may€give€or€repeat€this€instruction.ÏòòKerseyóó,€525€S.W.2d€at€145.€€In€our€view,€this€instruction€was€not€erroneous.Ð ô”  ÐÌà Œ àà ä àThe€instruction€that€the€jury€should€render€a€verdict€for€second€degreeÏmurder€before€considering€voluntary€manslaughter€is€not€erroneous.€€This€type€ofÏ"acquittal€first"€instruction€has€been€repeatedly€upheld.€€òòSeeóó€òòHarris€v.€Stateóó,€947Ð $Ä ÐS.W.2d€156,€175„76€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1996).€€This€issue€has€no€merit.€Ìà Œ à€Ìà@¢¢/ÚàIIˆÌà Œ àà ä àNext,€the€defendant€challenges€the€length€of€her€sentence.€Ô‡XÚXXXÚÔ€WhenÐ T$ô Ðthere€is€a€challenge€to€the€length,€range,€or€manner€of€service€of€a€sentence,€it€is€theÏduty€of€this€court€to€conduct€a€òòdeóó€òònovoóó€review€with€a€presumption€that€theÐ ì'Œ" Ðdeterminations€made€by€the€trial€court€are€correct.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„¼401(d).€€This€presumption€is€"conditioned€upon€the€affirmative€showing€in€the€recordÏthat€the€trial€court€considered€the€sentencing€principles€and€all€relevant€facts€andÏcircumstances."€€òòState€v.€Ashbyóó,€823€S.W.2d€166,€169€(Tenn.€1991);€òòseeóó€òòState€v.Ð /¼%* ÐJonesóó,€883€S.W.2d€597€(Tenn.€1994).€€The€Sentencing€Commission€CommentsÐ è0ˆ', Ðprovide€that€the€burden€is€on€the€defendant€to€show€the€impropriety€of€the€sentence.€ÌÌà Œ àà ä àOur€review€requires€an€analysis€of€(1)€the€evidence,€if€any,€received€atÏthe€trial€and€sentencing€hearing;€(2)€the€presentence€report;€(3)€the€principles€ofÐ 8¸.4 Ðsentencing€and€the€arguments€of€counsel€relative€to€sentencing€alternatives;€(4)€theÏnature€and€characteristics€of€the€offense;€(5)€any€mitigating€or€enhancing€factors;€(6)Ïany€statements€made€by€the€defendant€in€her€own€behalf;€and€(7)€the€defendant'sÏpotential€for€rehabilitation€or€treatment.€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðððð€40„35„102,€„103,€and€Ì„210;€òòState€v.€Smithóó,€735€S.W.2d€859,€863€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1987).€€Ð 0 ÐÌà Œ àà ä àAt€the€time€of€this€offense,€the€presumptive€sentence€for€a€Class€AÏfelony€was€the€midpoint€in€the€range€if€there€were€no€enhancement€and€mitigatingÏfactors.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„210(c).€€Should€the€trial€court€find€mitigating€andÏenhancement€factors,€it€must€start€at€the€minimum€sentence€in€the€range€andÏenhance€the€sentence€based€upon€any€applicable€enhancement€factors€and€thenÏreduce€the€sentence€based€upon€any€appropriate€mitigating€factors.€€Tenn.€CodeÏAnn.€ðð€40„35„210(e).€€While€there€must€be€compliance€with€the€1989€ActÏdocumented€by€the€record,€the€weight€given€to€each€factor€is€discretionary€with€theÏtrial€court.€€òòSeeóó€òòAshbyóó,€823€S.W.2d€at€169;€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðððð€40„35„209€and€ñÿñœñÿññüñÐ ˆ"( Ðñüñ„210.ñÿñ›ñÿñÌà Œ àà ä àÌÔ#†XÚXXXÚU?#Ôà Œ àà ä àAt€the€sentencing€hearing,€Icymae€Franklin,€mother€of€the€victim,Ð ì'Œ" Ðtestified€that€her€son€was€a€good€student€and€athlete.€€She€suffered€deep€anguishÏafter€his€death,€has€had€difficulty€working,€and€had€lost€seventy€pounds.€€TheÏmedical€bills€for€life„saving€efforts€amounted€to€$16,000.00.€€Ms.€Franklin€asked€theÏtrial€court€to€impose€the€maximum€sentence€possible.ÌÌà Œ àà ä àPatricia€Garrett,€principal€of€Lester€School€where€the€victim€hadÏattended€elementary€school,€testified€that€she€had€known€the€victim€since€he€wasÏfive€years€old.€€She€described€the€victim€as€motivated,€conscientious,€and€popularÏamong€his€classmates.€€She€characterized€his€death€as€a€devastating€event€in€theÐ 8¸.4 Ðcommunity.€€ÌÌà Œ àà ä àLeutissue€Elliott,€mother€of€the€twenty„four„year„old€defendant,€testifiedÏfavorably€for€her€daughter,€asserting€that€she€had€worked€hard€to€support€her€twoÏchildren.€€She€asked€the€trial€court€to€ñÿñœñÿññýñbe›€ñýñextendñÿñ›ñÿññÿññÿñ€mercy.€€Reverend€Joe€Hayes,€theÏpastor€at€Greater€Lakeview€Baptist€Church,€testified€that€the€defendant€came€from€aÏgood€family€and€deserved€another€chance.€€Latrice€Woods,€sister€of€the€defendant,Ïtestified€that€the€victim€hit€her€in€the€head€with€a€gun€on€the€night€of€the€shooting.€ÏShe€contended€that€the€defendant€had€saved€her€life€by€shooting€the€victim.ÌÌà Œ àà ä àThe€trial€court€sentenced€the€defendant€as€a€violent€offender.€€òòSeeóóÐ Xø ÐTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„501(i)(1),€(2)€(No€release€eligibility€for€a€defendant€whoÏcommits€second€degree€murder€after€July€1,€1995;€sentence€credits€shall€notÏexceed€fifteen€percent).€€It€found€that€the€defendant€possessed€or€employed€aÏfirearm€during€the€commission€of€the€offense,€had€no€hesitation€in€committing€anÏoffense€when€the€risk€to€human€life€was€high,€and€had€committed€the€offense€onÏschool€property.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„114(9),€(10),€&€(17).€€The€trial€courtÏdetermined€that€the€circumstances€were€especially€serious€because€the€defendantÏhad€chosen€to€arm€herself€at€a€school€function,€had€fired€the€shot€in€a€high€schoolÏparking€lot,€and,€due€to€the€crowd€in€attendance€at€the€game,€had€endangeredÏothers.€€The€trial€court€placed€great€weight€on€these€factors€and€enhanced€theÏsentence€to€twenty„five€years,€the€maximum€possible.€€Because,€however,€the€trialÏcourt€found€in€mitigation€that€the€defendant€acted€under€strong€provocation€and€thatÏsubstantial€grounds€existed€tending€to€excuse€or€justify€the€conduct€but€which€didÏnot€amount€to€a€defense,€the€sentence€was€reduced€to€twenty„two€years.€€Tenn.ÏCode€Ann.€ðð€40„35„113€(2),€(3).€ÌÐ 8¸.4 Ðà Œ àà ä àThe€defendant€maintains€that€the€use€of€a€firearm€and€the€commissionÏof€the€offense€on€school€property€should€be€consolidated€into€one€enhancementÏfactor.€€We€disagree.€€In€our€view,€the€trial€court€followed€the€dictates€of€òòAshbyóó,Ð ø ˜ Ðmade€adequate€findings€of€fact,€and€adhered€to€the€purposes€and€principles€of€theÏ1989€Act.€€The€enhancement€factors€and€mitigating€factors€applied€by€the€trial€courtÏwere€appropriate€and€the€sentence,€while€lengthy,€is€not€unduly€harsh€given€theÏcircumstances€of€the€offense.€€When€the€sentence€has€been€administered€within€theÏstatutory€guidelines,€the€presumption€of€correctness€prevails.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Fletcheróó,Ð ô”  Ð805€S.W.2d€785€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1991).ÌÌ€€€à Œ àà ä àAccordingly,€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court€is€affirmed.Ð Xø ÐÓÓñýñœñýññÿñœñÿñÌñýñ›ñýñÌñýñ›ñýññÿñ›ñÿññÿññÿñà Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àà ì àà D à__________________________________Ìà Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àà ì àà D àGary€R.€Wade,€JudgeÌñýñœñýñÌñÿñœñÿññþñÐ  ¢!B ÐñþñCONCUR:ñÿñ›ñÿññÿññÿñÌñþñœñþñÌ_________________________________ÌJoe€B.€Jones,€Presiding€Judge׃ ×Ý ƒ #ÃÝòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×Ð T$ô ÐÌÌ_________________________________ÌJerry€L.€Smith,€Judgeòò