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˜C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wpt ˜C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wpt ÉÝ ƒRuà$ÝÓ  Óà  àòòÚ  Ú3Ú  ÚóóÔ€ôçTò»»ÔÝ  ÝÔ_Ô€€The€appellant€does€not€challenge€this€revocation€in€the€instant€appeal.€€(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó˜C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5‚Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5„Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5…Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5C:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wpt Ý ƒRuà$ÝÓ  Óà  àòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÔ€ôçTò»»ÔÝ  ÝÔ_Ô€€On€count€one€of€the€indictment,€the€appellant€was€charged€with€attempted€first€degree€murder€and€on€countÐ ° Ðtwo€the€appellant€was€charged€with€aggravated€assault.€€The€appellant€was€found€not€guilty€of€attempted€first€degreeÐ qÁ Ðmurder,€but€the€jury€determined€that€the€appellant€was€guilty€of€the€lesser„included€offense€of€reckless€endangermentÐ 2‚ Ðon€count€one.€€Additionally,€the€appellant€was€found€guilty€of€aggravated€assault€on€count€two.€€Subsequently,€the€trialÐ óC Ðcourt€merged€the€conviction€for€reckless€endangerment€on€count€one€into€the€conviction€for€aggravated€assault€on€countÐ ´ Ðtwo.€€Accordingly,€in€the€instant€appeal,€we€will€address€only€the€conviction€of€aggravated€assault.(ÖÃ9 Z‹6Times New Roman Regular˜C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wpt˜C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard 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opinion.wpt˜C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wpt†˜C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wptÜ¢=1Ï h_B0\Pê:i¢×+003|xÿU‹ÿÀÀÀ˜HP LaserJet 4000 Series PCL6ÒV,,,,ÒV0 Ý ƒRuà$ÝÓ  Óà  àòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÔ€ôçTò»»ÔÝ  ÝÔ_Ô€€òòSeeóóòòÔ‡ôð òòôçTÔMiranda€v.€Arizonaóó,€384€U.S.€436,€86€S.€Ct.€1602€(1966).Ô#†ôçTò òôð#ÔÝ ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€Ýi»»ddÈ8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÑ  ÑÑ  ÑÔ€¼Ýi»»»ÔÑ8€…ïXXdé»»d8Ñà@hhìàÔ‡î%VÝiÔIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEˆÐ ° Ðà@gg$ìàAT€NASHVILLEÔ#†¼Ýi»îî%V #ԈРÓ# ÐÓ  Óà @ àà @` àJuly€20,€2004€SessionÐ öF ÐÔ‡X…ïX»¼ÝiÔÌò òÔ#†¼Ýi»XX…ï#ÔòòSTATE€OF€TENNESSEEóó€v.€òòóóERIC€DEVON€MCLEANÔ‡X…ïX»¼ÝiÔó óÐ ï? ÐÌà@@½½ìàò òDirect€Appeal€from€the€Circuit€Court€for€Marshall€CountyÐ é 9 Ðà@@øøìàNo.€15439€€€€€€Charles€Lee,€JudgeÐ Ó # ÐÌÌà@@ìì*ìàßA€V) °°` d€÷E<` AßÐ ‘á  ÐÌà@@TTìàNo.€M2003„02238„CCA„R3„CD€„€Filed€September€29,€Ô_Ô2004Ô_ÔÐ ŠÚ  ÐÌßA€V) °°` dE<]` AßÐ ^®  Ðó óÌÓ  ÓThe€appellant,€Eric€Devon€McLean,€was€found€guilty€by€a€jury€in€the€Marshall€County€Circuit€CourtÐ V¦  Ðof€one€count€of€aggravated€assault.€€He€received€a€sentence€of€five€and€one„half€years€in€theÐ ? ÐTennessee€Department€of€Correction.€€On€appeal,€the€appellant€challenges€the€sufficiency€of€theÐ (x Ðevidence€supporting€his€conviction€and€raises€various€sentencing€issues.€€Upon€our€review€of€theÐ a Ðrecord€and€the€partiesðð€briefs,€we€affirm€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court.€€Ð úJ ÐÓ¯ÓÌò òTenn.€R.€App.€P.€3€Appeal€as€of€Right;€Judgment€of€the€Circuit€Court€is€Affirmed.ó óÐ Ì ÐÌòòÓ  ÓÔ#†¼Ýi»àX…ïŒ#ÔÔ‡X…ïX.¼ÝiÔNorma€McGee€Ogle,€J.óó,€delivered€the€opinion€of€the€court,€in€which€òòJoseph€M.€Ô_ÔTiptonÔ_Ôóó€andÐ Ÿï ÐòòRobert€W.€Ô_ÔWedemeyerÔ_Ô,€JJ.óó,€joined.Ð ˆØ ÐÌRichard€McGee,€Nashville,€Tennessee€(at€trial€and€on€appeal),€and€James€O.€Martin,€III,€Nashville,Ð Zª ÐTennessee€(on€appeal),€for€the€appellant,€Eric€Devon€McLean.Ð C“ ÐÌPaul€G.€Summers,€Attorney€General€and€Reporter;€Richard€H.€Ô_ÔDunavantÔ_Ô,€Assistant€AttorneyÐ e ÐGeneral;€W.€Michael€Ô_ÔMcCownÔ_Ô,€District€Attorney€General;€and€Ô_ÔWeakleyÔ_Ô€E.€Barnard,€AssistantÐ þN ÐDistrict€Attorney€General,€for€the€appellee,€State€of€Tennessee.Ð ç 7  ÐÓqÓÌà@@OO&ìàò òOPINIONó óÔ#†¼Ýi»XX…ï #ÔÔ‡X…ïX»¼ÝiÔÐ ¹" " ÐÌòòò òI.€€Factual€Backgroundó óóóÐ Œ$Ü$ ÐòòóóÔ#†¼Ýi»XX…ï[ #ÔÓ  ÓÔ€X…ïX»¼ÝiÔÌà  àIn€the€light€most€favorable€to€the€State,€the€evidence€adduced€at€trial€revealed€that€onÐ _&¯!& ÐNovember€26,€2002,€several€residents€of€Ô_ÔLewisburgÔ_Ô€attended€the€Outer€Limits€Club€in€Nashville.€Ð H'˜"' ÐAmong€the€attendees€were€the€victim€in€the€instant€case,€Darren€Ô_ÔLaMontÔ_Ô€Porter;€Maurice€ð ðÔ_ÔReeceÔ_ÔððÐ 1(#( ÐTyler;€Ô_ÔKyraÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔCarrouthÔ_Ô;€brothers€Monty,€Derrick,€and€Ô_ÔDonathanÔ_Ô€Campbell;€and€Jeremy€Horton€andÐ )j$) Ðhis€roommate,€Timmy€ð ðÔ_ÔJermaineÔ_Ôðð€Cole,€who€were€good€friends€with€the€Ô_ÔCampbellsÔ_Ô.€€Porter€saidÐ *S%* Ðhello€to€Tyler€as€they€watched€a€ð ðhip€hop€contestðð€at€the€club.€€Later€that€evening,€shooting€eruptedÐ ì*<&+ Ðoutside€the€club.€€During€the€shooting,€Tyler€shot€and€killed€Monty€Campbell€and€Ô_ÔKyraÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔCarrouthÔ_Ô.Ð Õ+%', Ðâ âÐ ¾,(-ý ÐÔ_ Ôà  àThe€next€day,€Porter€went€to€Hortonððs€residence€where€he€saw€Horton,€Cole,€Derrick€andÐ ° Ðâ âDonathan€Campbell,€and€the€appellant.€€Porter€discussed€Monty€Campbellððs€funeral€arrangementsÐ ™é Ðwith€the€appellant.€€Approximately€two€weeks€later,€Porter€heard€a€rumor€circulating€through€hisÐ ‚Ò Ðneighborhood€claiming€that€he€had€pointed€out€Monty€Campbell€to€Tyler€just€prior€to€the€NovemberÐ k» Ð25òòthóó€shooting.€€Porter€denied€the€truth€of€the€rumor.€€Regardless,€he€feared€for€his€safety€and€beganÐ T¤ Ðcarrying€a€handgun€for€protection.€€Additionally,€Porter€recalled€that€even€though€Derrick€CampbellÐ =  Ðdid€not€live€in€Porterððs€neighborhood,€Campbell€nevertheless€began€frequently€driving€past€theÐ & v Ðduplex€Porter€shared€with€his€mother.€€The€duplex€was€located€in€the€housing€projects€at€329€7òòthóóÐ  _ ÐAvenue€North€in€Lewisburg.€€Ð ø H ÐÌà  àThereafter,€on€January€1,€2003,€Porter€arrived€home€between€2:00€and€3:00€a.m.€€Porter€wasÐ Ê   Ðdriving€a€1998€silver€Ford€Escort€which€belonged€to€his€then„girlfriend,€Megan€Farris.€€Porter€hadÐ ³  Ðbeen€driving€the€Escort€for€several€weeks,€and€he€opined€that€everyone€in€his€neighborhood€knewÐ œì  Ðthat€he€drove€the€car.€€After€backing€the€Escort€into€the€parking€area€in€front€of€his€duplex,€he€beganÐ …Õ  Ðgathering€his€belongings€to€exit€the€car.€€Porter€looked€up€and€saw€the€appellant€and€DerrickÐ n¾  ÐCampbell€walking€toward€him€from€the€house€across€the€street.€€Porter€could€see€the€men€clearly€inÐ W§  Ðthe€well„lit€area,€noticing€the€way€their€gold€teeth€glinted€in€the€light€from€the€streetlights€as€theyÐ @ Ðsmiled.€€Porter€saw€that€the€appellant€held€a€handgun.€€Porter€noticed€the€appellant€ð ðstanding€thereÐ )y Ðlocking€and€loading€[the€gun],ðð€pulling€back€the€slide€on€the€automatic€weapon.€€Porter€crouchedÐ b Ðin€the€driverððs€seat€then€heard€ð ðthe€sound€of€bullets€hitting.€€Like€metal,€like€raining€metal.ðð€€PorterÐ ûK Ðstated€that€several€bullets€hit€the€car€near€where€he€was€sitting.€€The€shots€were€heard€by€PorterððsÐ ä4 Ðmother€and€by€one€of€his€neighbors.€€Ð Í ÐÌà  àAfter€the€shots€stopped,€Porter€waited€ten€minutes€before€heading€inside€the€duplex.€€PorterÐ Ÿï Ðsaw€that€his€mother€was€asleep€on€the€couch,€and€he€went€to€his€room€and€fell€asleep,€ð ð[e]xhaustedÐ ˆØ Ðtotally.ðð€€The€next€morning,€Porterððs€mother€woke€him€to€inform€him€that€the€Escort€had€beenÐ qÁ Ðdamaged€during€the€night.€€Porter€called€Farris€to€tell€her€that€her€car€had€been€damaged€by€gunfire.€Ð Zª ÐFarris€instructed€Porter€to€call€police€to€report€the€damage.€€Porter€did€not€want€to€involve€policeÐ C“ Ðbecause€he€did€not€trust€the€authorities,€nor€did€he€believe€that€they€could€assist€him€in€any€way.€Ð ,| ÐSpecifically,€Porter€explained,€Ð e ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àWhen€you€are€brought€up€from€child€hood,€the€police€are€yourÐ ç 7 Ðenemy.€€You€know€that€because€you€have€seen€them€take€awayÐ Ð!   Ðfriends€and€family.€€They€have€never€done€anything€for€me.€€Not€thatÐ ¹" ! ÐI€had€anything€against€the€police.€€Everybody€hates€them€until€theyÐ ¢#ò" Ðneed€one.€€I€have€never€needed€their€help,€and€they€ainððt€never€doneÐ ‹$Û# Ðanything€for€me.€€Ðt%Ä $` x` x ÐÌHowever,€Porter€called€police€at€Farrisðð€insistence.Ð F'–"& ÐÌà  àSoon€after€Porterððs€call,€several€officers€arrived€at€the€scene,€including€Officer€Larry€HardinÐ )h$( Ðand€Detective€James€Whitsett.€€Porter€initially€told€police€that€he€did€not€know€who€shot€the€EscortÐ *Q%) Ðbecause€he€was€sleeping€inside€the€house€at€the€time€the€incident€took€place.€€Police€saw€that€bulletsÐ ê*:&* Ðhad€struck€the€duplex€and€Porterððs€car€numerous€times,€including€the€front€passenger€seat€of€the€car.€Ð Ó+#'+ ÐThey€gathered€shell€casings,€bullets,€and€bullet€fragments€from€the€duplex,€the€yard,€the€Escort,€andÐ ° Ðthe€street€in€front€of€the€Portersðð€home.€€The€bullets€and€casings€indicated€that€at€least€one€9Ð ™é Ðmillimeter€handgun€and€one€.40€caliber€handgun€had€been€used€during€the€shooting.€€Ð ‚Ò ÐÌà  àLater€the€same€day,€Porter€spoke€with€his€landlord,€Jerry€Freeman,€who€convinced€Porter€toÐ T¤ Ðspeak€more€freely€with€police.€€Porter€gave€police€a€written€statement€saying€that€he€saw€DerrickÐ =  ÐCampbell€and€the€appellant€leaving€the€scene€of€the€shooting;€however,€Porter€failed€to€mention€thatÐ & v Ðhe€was€in€the€car€when€the€shooting€occurred.€€Porter€also€claimed€that€he€believed€DerrickÐ  _ ÐCampbell€and€the€appellant€were€not€the€only€people€present€during€the€shooting.€€Regardless,€theÐ ø H Ðonly€people€he€saw€were€the€appellant€and€Derrick€Campbell.€€Ultimately,€Porter€revealed€to€policeÐ á 1  Ðthat€he€was€in€the€car€during€the€shooting.€€Ð Ê   ÐÌà  àShortly€after€Porter€informed€Detective€Whitsett€that€the€appellant€and€Derrick€CampbellÐ œì  Ðshot€at€his€car,€warrants€were€issued€for€their€arrest.€€Later€the€same€day,€the€appellant,€after€learningÐ …Õ  Ðthat€police€were€looking€for€him,€went€to€police€headquarters.€€He€was€arrested,€given€òòMirandaóóÐ n¾  Ðwarnings,׃§×Ý ƒ #ÃÝòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€and€questioned€regarding€the€shooting€of€Porterððs€vehicle.€€The€appellant€denied€hisÐ W§  Ðinvolvement,€asserting€that€he€was€attending€a€New€Yearððs€Eve€party€at€the€home€of€Kim€MaxwellÐ @ Ðat€the€time€of€the€shooting.€€Derrick€Campbell€was€also€arrested€on€January€1,€2003.€€Both€he€andÐ )y Ðthe€appellant€were€incarcerated€following€their€arrests.€€Ð b ÐÌà  àKim€Maxwell€and€other€attendees€of€her€New€Yearððs€Eve€party€were€questioned,€and€theyÐ ä4 Ðrecalled€that€the€appellant€and€Derrick€Campbell€were€at€her€house€from€approximately€midnightÐ Í Ðuntil€3:00€a.m.€€However,€they€could€not€specifically€account€for€the€appellantððs€exact€whereaboutsÐ ¶ Ðduring€the€entire€night.€€Additionally,€police€discovered€that€Maxwellððs€house€was€locatedÐ Ÿï Ðapproximately€one€mile€from€Porterððs€duplex.€€Ð ˆØ ÐÌà  àA€few€days€following€the€January€1òòstóó€shooting,€Porter€moved€from€the€residence€he€sharedÐ Zª Ðwith€his€mother€to€340€Holly€Grove€Road€in€Lewisburg.€€On€January€22,€2003,€Porter€was€homeÐ C“ Ðwith€Farris€and€their€young€daughter.€€At€11:00€p.m.,€Porter€and€Farris€heard€several€gunshotsÐ ,| Ðoutside€the€house.€€Porter€called€police€to€report€the€incident.€€Police€arrived€and€collected€shellÐ e Ðcasings,€bullets,€and€bullet€fragments€from€around€Porterððs€residence.€€As€in€the€7òòthóó€Avenue€shooting,Ð þN Ðthere€were€both€9€millimeter€and€.40€caliber€bullets.€€Ð ç 7 ÐÌà  àLater€in€the€evening€on€January€22,€2003,€police€obtained€from€a€neighbor€a€ð ðvagueÐ ¹" ! Ðdescriptionðð€of€a€vehicle€that€was€seen€during€the€Holly€Grove€Road€shooting.€€Police€immediatelyÐ ¢#ò" Ðbegan€searching€and€found€a€vehicle€matching€the€description€at€the€residence€of€Jeremy€Horton€andÐ ‹$Û# ÐTimmy€Cole,€which€residence€was€located€a€quarter€of€a€mile€from€Porterððs€Holly€Grove€RoadÐ t%Ä $ Ðresidence.€€That€night,€after€determining€that€Cole€was€the€owner€of€the€car,€the€police€beganÐ ]&­!% Ðwatching€the€car€and€saw€it€leave€the€residence.€€They€stopped€the€car€and€discovered€that€Cole,€whoÐ F'–"& Ðhad€a€suspended€driverððs€license,€was€driving€the€car.€€Also€in€the€car€was€Kenny€Mayes,€the€brotherÐ /(#' Ðof€the€appellantððs€girlfriend,€Donna€Mayes.€€Cole€was€arrested€for€driving€on€a€suspended€license,Ð )h$( Ðand€the€front€compartment€of€the€vehicle€was€searched.€€In€the€front€of€the€vehicle,€police€discoveredÐ ° Ðsome€marijuana.€€While€searching€the€trunk€of€the€vehicle,€live€.40€caliber€ammunition,€WinchesterÐ ™é Ð9€millimeter€ammunition,€and€12„gauge€shotgun€shells€were€found.€€Additionally,€police€discoveredÐ ‚Ò Ða€9€millimeter€High€Point€Arms€semi„automatic€handgun€box€and€ownerððs€manual.€€The€gun€wasÐ k» Ðnever€recovered.Ð T¤ ÐÌà  àDetective€Whitsett€ð ðran€an€ATF€traceðð€on€the€serial€number€found€on€the€gun€box€andÐ & v Ðlearned€that€the€9€millimeter€High€Point€Arms€semi„automatic€handgun€was€originally€sold€onÐ  _ ÐDecember€10,€2002,€by€David€Jason€Ray€of€Rayððs€Gun€and€Pawn€to€Jerry€Jerome€Whitsett.€Ð ø H ÐDetective€Whitsett€contacted€Jerry€Whitsett€and€learned€that€Whitsett€had€ð ðtraded€the€gun€back€toÐ á 1  ÐRayððs€Gun€&€Pawn;€and€that€he€had€qualified€with€the€gun€at€a€gun€range.ðð€€Whitsett€explained€thatÐ Ê   Ðhe€had€shot€fifty€rounds€of€ammunition€from€lane€eight€at€Precision€Firearms€Training.€€The€gunÐ ³  Ðmisfired€once,€so€Whitsett€€traded€the€gun€on€December€16,€2002.€€Ray€subsequently€resold€the€gunÐ œì  Ðon€December€20,€2002,€to€Fred€Levy€Porter,€Jr.€€On€December€22,€2002,€Jeremy€Bullock€bought€theÐ …Õ  Ð9€millimeter€High€Point€Arms€semi„automatic€handgun€from€Fred€Porter,€and€sold€the€gun€onÐ n¾  ÐDecember€27,€2002,€to€the€appellant.€€Additionally,€Bullock€sold€a€box€of€Winchester€9€millimeterÐ W§  Ðammunition€to€the€appellant,€a€box€which€shared€similarities€to€the€box€of€ammunition€found€inÐ @ ÐColeððs€trunk€on€January€22,€2003.€Ð )y ÐÌà  àThe€boxes€of€ammunition€found€in€Coleððs€trunk€were€sent€to€the€Tennessee€Bureau€ofÐ ûK ÐInvestigation€(TBI)€crime€laboratory€to€be€tested€for€fingerprints.€€None€of€the€identifiable€prints€onÐ ä4 Ðthe€boxes€of€ammunition€belonged€to€the€appellant.€€However,€when€the€9€millimeter€High€PointÐ Í ÐArms€semi„automatic€handgun€box€was€tested€for€fingerprints,€three€of€the€prints€on€the€box€matchedÐ ¶ Ðthe€appellantððs€prints.€€Ð Ÿï ÐÌà  àTesting€was€also€done€on€spent€ammunition€gathered€from€lane€eight€of€Precision€FirearmsÐ qÁ ÐTraining.€€Additionally,€shell€casings,€bullets,€and€bullet€fragments€gathered€from€the€7òòthóó€AvenueÐ Zª Ðshooting€and€the€Holly€Grove€Road€shooting€were€also€sent€to€the€TBI€crime€laboratory€for€testing.€Ð C“ ÐNo€recoverable€fingerprints€were€found€on€the€ammunition€evidence.€€However,€this€result€wasÐ ,| Ðexpected€because€heat€often€destroys€fingerprint€evidence.€€Ð e ÐÌà  àAgent€Shelly€Betts,€a€ballistics€expert€with€the€TBI€crime€laboratory,€tested€the€bulletsÐ ç 7 Ðrecovered€from€the€three€locations€to€determine€from€the€ð ðmechanical€fingerprintðð€on€the€casingsÐ Ð!   Ðand€bullets€what€weapon€was€used€to€fire€the€ammunition.€€Agent€Betts€examined€a€total€of€twenty„Ð ¹" ! Ðseven€9€millimeter€bullets€and€four€.40€caliber€bullets€from€the€7òòthóó€Avenue€shooting.€€Agent€BettsÐ ¢#ò" Ðdetermined€that€at€least€four€handguns,€possibly€as€many€as€six€handguns,€were€used€during€the€7òòthóóÐ ‹$Û# ÐAvenue€shooting.€€Ð t%Ä $ ÐÌà  àFrom€the€Holly€Grove€Road€shooting,€Agent€Betts€examined€a€total€of€five€9€millimeterÐ F'–"& Ðbullets€and€two€.40€caliber€bullets.€€She€determined€that€only€one€9€millimeter€gun€and€only€one€.40Ð /(#' Ðcaliber€gun€were€used€during€the€Holly€Grove€Road€shooting.€€Additionally,€Agent€Betts€examinedÐ )h$( Ðall€of€the€bullets€taken€from€lane€eight€of€Precision€Firearms€Training.€€Agent€Betts€opined€thatÐ *Q%) Ðð ð[t]he€five€9„millimeter€[bullets]€on€Holly€Grove€Road,€the€13€at€the€gun€range,€and€those€particularÐ ê*:&* Ðseven€.€.€.€from€Seventh€Avenue€North€.€.€.€were€all€.€.€.€fired€through€the€same€firearm.ðð€€Ð Ó+#'+ Їà  àAt€the€conclusion€of€the€proof,€the€jury€found€the€appellant€guilty€of€aggravated€assault.׃×Ý ƒ #ÃÝòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€TheÐ ° Ðtrial€court€sentenced€the€appellant€as€a€standard€Range€I€offender€to€five€and€one„half€yearsÐ ™é Ðincarceration.€€The€trial€court€further€ordered€the€appellant€to€serve€the€instant€sentenceÐ ‚Ò Ðconsecutively€to€the€sentence€for€which€the€appellant€was€serving€probation€at€the€time€of€theÐ k» Ðcommission€of€the€instant€offense.€€The€appellant€now€appeals€the€sufficiency€of€the€evidenceÐ T¤ Ðsupporting€his€conviction€and€the€correctness€of€his€sentence.€€Ð =  ÐÌà@êê$ìàòòò òII.€€Analysisóóó óˆÐ  _ ÐÌà@ÿÿìàA.€€Sufficiency€of€the€EvidenceˆÐ â 2  ÐÌÔ‡X¦ XXX…ïÔà  àOn€appeal,€a€jury€conviction€removes€the€presumption€of€the€appellantððs€innocence€andÐ ´  Ðreplaces€it€with€one€of€guilt,€so€that€the€appellant€carries€the€burden€of€demonstrating€to€this€courtÐ í  Ðwhy€the€evidence€will€not€support€the€juryððs€findings.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Tuggleóó,€639€S.W.2d€913,€914Ð †Ö  Ð(Tenn.€1982).€€The€appellant€must€establish€that€no€ð ðreasonable€trier€of€factðð€could€have€found€theÐ o¿  Ðessential€elements€of€the€offense€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt.€€òòSeeóó€òòJackson€v.€Virginiaóó,€443€U.S.€307,Ð X¨  Ð319,€99€S.€Ct.€2781,€2789€(1979);€Tenn.€R.€App.€P.€13(e).Ð A‘ Ðà  àÌà  àAccordingly,€on€appeal,€the€State€is€entitled€to€the€strongest€legitimate€view€of€the€evidenceÐ c Ðand€all€reasonable€inferences€which€may€be€drawn€therefrom.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Williamsóó,€657€S.W.2dÐ üL Ð405,€410€(Tenn.€1983).€€In€other€words,€questions€concerning€the€credibility€of€witnesses€and€theÐ å5 Ðweight€and€value€to€be€given€the€evidence,€as€well€as€all€factual€issues€raised€by€the€evidence,€areÐ Î Ðresolved€by€the€trier€of€fact,€and€not€the€appellate€courts.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Pruettóó,€788€S.W.2d€559,€561Ð · Ð(Tenn.€1990).Ô#†X…ïX XX¦HF#ÔÐ  ð ÐÌà  àIn€order€to€obtain€the€appellantððs€conviction€for€aggravated€assault,€the€State€needed€to€proveÐ r Ðthat€the€appellant€intentionally€or€knowingly€assaulted€Porter€while€using€or€displaying€a€deadlyÐ [« Ðweapon.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„13„102(a)(1)(B)€(2003).€€An€assault€is€committed€when€theÐ D” Ðappellant€ð ð[i]ntentionally€or€knowingly€caused€another€to€reasonably€fear€imminent€bodily€injury.ðð€Ð -} ÐTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„13„101(a)(2)€(2003).€€Ð f ÐÌà  àIn€the€light€most€favorable€to€the€State,€the€proof€adduced€at€trial€revealed€that€Porter€wasÐ è 8 Ðattempting€to€exit€his€car€on€7òòthóó€Avenue€North€in€the€early€morning€hours€of€January€1,€2003,€whenÐ Ñ!!  Ðhe€saw€the€appellant€and€Derrick€Campbell€approach€his€car,€holding€firearms.€€The€two€men€smiledÐ º" ! Ðbefore€firing€numerous€times€into€the€vehicle€occupied€by€Porter.€€The€area€was€well„lit,€and€PorterÐ £#ó" Ðwas€able€to€clearly€see€his€assailants.€€Porter€testified€that€he€was€ð ð[v]ery€scared€[and]€terrifiedððÐ Œ$Ü# Ðduring€the€shooting.€€Further,€bullets€struck€the€car€near€the€area€where€Porter€was€sitting.€€Ð u%Å $ Їà  àAdditional€proof€indicated€that€the€appellant€purchased€a€9€millimeter€High€Point€Arms€semi„Ð ° Ðautomatic€pistol€shortly€before€the€7òòthóó€Avenue€shooting.€€Ballistics€testing€indicated€that€the€sameÐ ™é Ðfirearm€that€was€purchased€by€the€appellant€had€been€used€at€a€firing€range€prior€to€the€7òòthóó€AvenueÐ ‚Ò Ðshooting€and€at€the€Holly€Grove€Road€shooting€which€occurred€twenty„two€days€following€the€7òòthóóÐ k» ÐAvenue€shooting.€€The€appellantððs€fingerprints€were€on€the€box€which€had€once€contained€theÐ T¤ Ðfirearm.€€Moreover,€the€proof€showed€that€the€appellant€was€close€friends€with€Monty€Campbell,Ð =  Ðwho€had€been€killed€in€a€shooting€in€November.€€Rumors€in€the€neighborhood€where€the€appellantÐ & v Ðand€Porter€lived€implicated€Porterððs€involvement€in€Monty€Campbellððs€death.€€We€conclude€that€theÐ  _ Ðforegoing€evidence€was€sufficient€to€sustain€the€appellantððs€conviction€for€aggravated€assault.€òòóóÐ ø H ÐÌà@¢¢#ìàB.€€SentencingˆÐ Ê   ÐÌà  àThe€appellant€has€specifically€raised€two€issues€regarding€the€correctness€of€his€sentence.€Ð œì  ÐFirst,€the€appellant€complains€that€he€should€have€received€some€form€of€alternative€sentencing.€Ð …Õ  ÐSecond,€the€appellant€contends€that€the€trial€court€erred€in€ordering€his€sentence€for€the€instantÐ n¾  Ðoffense€be€served€consecutively€to€a€probationary€sentence€the€appellant€was€serving€at€the€time€ofÐ W§  Ðthe€commission€of€the€instant€offense.€€We€will€address€each€of€these€issues€in€turn.€€Ð @ ÐÌà@ÖÖìà1.€€Alternative€SentencingˆÐ b ÐÌà  àRegarding€the€appellantððs€complaint€that€he€should€have€received€alternative€sentencingÔ‡X¦ XXX…ïÔ,€weÐ ä4 Ðrecognize€that€an€appellant€is€eligible€for€alternative€sentencing€if€the€sentence€actually€imposed€isÐ Í Ðeight€years€or€less.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„303(a)€(1997).€€Moreover,€an€appellant€who€is€anÐ ¶ Ðespecially€mitigated€or€standard€offender€convicted€of€a€Class€C,€D,€or€E€felony€is€presumed€to€beÐ Ÿï Ða€favorable€candidate€for€alternative€sentencing.€€òòSeeóóÔ#†X…ïX XX¦€X#ÔÔ‡X¦ XXX…ïÔ€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„102(6).€€In€theÐ ˆØ Ðinstant€case,€the€appellant€is€a€standard€Range€I€offender€convicted€of€a€Class€C€felony€sentencedÐ qÁ Ðto€less€than€eight€years€incarceration;€therefore,€he€is€presumed€to€be€a€favorable€candidate€forÐ Zª Ðalternative€sentencing.€€òòóóÔ#†X…ïX XX¦‰Z#ÔÔ‡X¦ XXX…ïÔHowever,€Ô#†X…ïX XX¦\#ÔÔ‡X¦ XXX…ïÔthis€presumption€may€be€rebutted€by€ð ðevidence€to€the€contrary.ðð€Ð C“ ÐòòState€v.€Zeoliaóó,€928€S.W.2d€457,€461€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1996).€€Ô#†X…ïX XX¦b\#ÔÔ‡X¦ XXX…ïÔThe€following€sentencingÐ ,| Ðconsiderations,€set€forth€in€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€section€40„35„103(1),€may€constituteÐ e Ðð ðevidence€to€the€contraryðð:Ð þN ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð à(A)€Confinement€is€necessary€to€protect€society€by€restraining€aÐ Ð!   Ðdefendant€who€has€a€long€history€of€criminal€conduct;й" !` x` x ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð à(B)€Confinement€is€necessary€to€avoid€depreciating€the€seriousnessÐ ‹$Û# Ðof€the€offense€or€confinement€is€particularly€suited€to€provide€anÐ t%Ä $ Ðeffective€deterrence€to€others€likely€to€commit€similar€offenses;€orÐ]&­!%` x` x ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð à(C)€Measures€less€restrictive€than€confinement€have€frequently€orÐ /(#' Ðrecently€been€Ô#†X…ïX XX¦D]#ÔÔ‡X¦ XXX…ïÔapplied€unsuccessfully€to€the€defendant.€Ð)h$(` x` x ÐÌòòÔ#†X…ïX XX¦Ù`#ÔÔ‡X¦ XXX…ïÔZeoliaóó,€928€S.W.2d€at€461Ô#†X…ïX XX¦ga#ÔòòóóÔ‡X¦ XXX…ïÔ.Ô#†X…ïX XX¦Ëa#ÔÐ ê*:&* ÐÐ Ó+#'+ Ðà  àAfter€examining€the€proof€adduced€at€the€sentencing€hearing,€the€trial€court€determined€thatÐ ° Ðthe€appellant€had€an€extensive€criminal€history.€€At€the€time€of€the€instant€offense,€the€twenty„four„Ð ™é Ðyear„old€appellant€was€near€completion€of€a€probationary€term€for€a€four„year€sentence€he€receivedÐ ‚Ò Ðin€1999€for€selling€cocaine.€€Additionally,€the€appellantððs€juvenile€record€consists€of€numerousÐ k» Ðoffenses,€including€aggravated€burglary,€reckless€endangerment€involving€a€deadly€weapon,€and€aÐ T¤ Ðweapons€offense.€€Significantly,€the€trial€court€noted:Ð =  ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àà ¸ àI€do€find€that€the€defendantððs€activity€of€criminal€behavior€isÐ  _ Ðextensive€at€such€a€young€age.€.€.€.€€Some€of€the€strong€parts€are€thatÐ ø H Ðthere€appears€to€be€a€progression€from€such€an€early€age.€€It€isÐ á 1  Ðunfortunate€for€the€defendant€that€he€begins;€then€he€goes€TDY;€heÐ Ê   Ðis€out€on€TDY;€then€he€goes€back€to€TDY€and€gets€out€when€heÐ ³  Ðreaches€age€18;€and€a€very€short€period€of€time€he€is€in€this€court€onÐ œì  Ða€felony€conviction.€€Beginning€and€observing€the€progressionÐ …Õ  Ðthrough€the€court€the€Court€does€find€it€is€an€extensive€history.Ðn¾ ` x` x ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àà ¸ àIt€appears€as€though€that€the€defendant€has€not€had€even€aÐ @ Ðgreater€history€because€of€the€fact€that€he€was€incarcerated€for€a€goodÐ )y Ðperiod€of€that€time.Ðb` x` x ÐÌWe€agree€with€the€trial€court€that€this€history,€particularly€in€one€so€young,€is€extensive.€€òòSeeóó€òòStateÐ ä4 Ðv.€Antray€Terrill€Morrowóó,€No.€W2002„02065„CCA„R3„CD,€2003€WL€22848974,€at€*5€(Tenn.€Crim.Ð Í ÐApp.€at€Jackson,€Nov.€25,€2003),€òòperm.€to€appeal€deniedóó,€(Tenn.€2004);€òòState€v.€Michael€R.€Blakely,Ð ¶ ÐJr.óó,€No.€M2001„01114„CCA„R3„CD,€2003€WL€213780,€at€*17€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€at€Nashville,€Jan.Ð Ÿï Ð31,€2003).€€Ð ˆØ ÐÌà  àAdditionally,€the€trial€court€noted€that€the€appellant€was€serving€a€probationary€sentence€atÐ Zª Ðthe€time€of€the€instant€offense.€€We€agree€with€the€trial€court€that€the€appellantððs€commission€of€anÐ C“ Ðoffense€before€successfully€completing€his€probationary€sentence€indicates€that€measures€lessÐ ,| Ðrestrictive€than€confinement€have€recently€been€unsuccessfully€applied€to€the€appellant.€Ð e ÐAccordingly,€we€find€no€error€in€the€trial€courtððs€decision€to€deny€alternative€sentencing.Ð þN ÐÌà@ªªìà2.€€Consecutive€SentencingˆÐ Ð!   ÐÌà  àAt€the€appellantððs€sentencing€hearing,€the€trial€court€revoked€the€appellantððs€probation€forÐ ¢#ò" Ðhis€cocaine€offense€and€ordered€the€appellant€to€serve€the€balance€of€that€sentence€in€confinement.׃ ×Ý ƒ #ÃÝòòÚ  Ú3Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ׀Р‹$Û# ÐThe€trial€court€further€ordered€the€appellant€to€serve€his€sentence€for€the€instant€offenseÐ t%Ä $ Ðconsecutively€to€his€service€of€the€sentence€for€the€cocaine€offense.€€On€appeal,€the€appellantÐ ]&­!% Ðcontends€that€the€imposition€of€consecutive€sentencing€was€error.€€Ð F'–"& Ðâ âÐ /(#' Ðà  àInitially,€we€note€that€ð ð[w]hether€sentences€are€to€be€served€concurrently€or€consecutivelyÐ ° Ðâ âis€a€matter€addressed€to€the€sound€discretion€of€the€trial€court.ðð€€òòState€v.€Adamsóó,€973€S.W.2d€224,Ð ™é Ð230„31€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1997).€€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€section€40„35„115(b)€(2003)€containsÐ ‚Ò Ðthe€discretionary€criteria€for€imposing€consecutive€sentencing.€€òòSee€alsoóó€òòState€v.€Wilkersonóó,€905Ð k» ÐS.W.2d€933,€936€(Tenn.€1995).€€Ð T¤ ÐÌà  àIn€imposing€consecutive€sentencing,€the€trial€court€again€noted€the€appellantððs€extensiveÐ & v Ðcriminal€history,€òòseeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„115(b)(2),€and€that€the€instant€offense€was€committedÐ  _ Ðwhile€the€appellant€was€on€probation€for€another€offense,€òòseeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„115(b)(6).€Ð ø H ÐWe€have€already€concluded€that€the€appellant€possessed€an€extensive€criminal€history.€€Additionally,Ð á 1  Ðthe€appellant€conceded€that€he€committed€the€instant€offense€while€still€serving€a€probationaryÐ Ê   Ðsentence€for€selling€cocaine.òòóó€€Accordingly,€we€conclude€that€the€trial€court€did€not€abuse€itsÐ ³  Ðdiscretion€in€ordering€the€appellant€to€serve€his€sentence€for€the€instant€conviction€consecutively€toÐ œì  Ðthe€sentence€for€his€sale€of€cocaine€conviction.€€Ð …Õ  ÐÌà@NN"ìàòòò òIII.€€Conclusionóóó óˆÐ W§  ÐÌà  àFinding€no€reversible€error,€we€affirm€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court.€€Ð *z ÐÌÌÌà0  àà ° àà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à___________________________________€ÐÎ(#(# Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àNORMA€McGEE€OGLE,€JUDGE