ÿWPCh 6UN %R 0(Xw@€4ÀÔVã 0†å 0Dk¯ 0@·÷Vÿ 0J  0TS 0^§ 0h 0rm 0|ß 0†[ 0á 1uq 0dæ AOJ Æ™ 0D_ B£ 0DÀ D/ B3 D3P U>ƒ U*Á B)ë DC AMW  ¤ f± v~vÓ•(ÈhH  Z ‹6Times New Roman RegularX($¡¡ yDzÂe{D|}D~¶e€D‚Ó€³†;$3|x‹(6(2Ä:$¤¤Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  ÝÒ°ÒÓ  Óà ` àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó("ÿÿ$££Ò  ÒÒ  Ò2 ÿÿ0Indent1Ô2ÔÔ3  Ô2" ÿÿ0Indent2à0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2, ÿÿ0Indent3à0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô26 ÿÿ0Indent4à0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2@ ÿÿ0Indent5à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2J ÿÿ0Indent6à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2T ÿÿ0Indent7à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2^ ÿÿ0Indent8à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô ÿÿ?AGMSYaioIndent0I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)P ÿÿ8Mac DefaultMac DefaultÓ ` °šXÓ #%Cþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(3¯$¢¢Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý d($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó'''÷ÿ dxdüÿP Pd""""'ÿÿdxd< Œ 9p`(&Times New Roman< Œ 9p`(Arial% Line 7 d////7Border 1dd 0Cþÿ << Gÿÿ Ý ƒ!ÝÑ  ÑÑ#€d#ÑÔ€-ÔÝ  ÝÔ€.ÔÔ€.ÔÓ  Óò òÔ YYY ÔFILEDÔ€.XÔÌÌJuly€30,€1998ÌÌCecil€W.€CrowsonÌAppellate€Court€ClerkÔ  Ôó ó \Ñ\R AØ'\ÑPtPtHHÚ(ÿáÿâùFG(üHHÚ(d'hStyl{WP}01•ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà Ãà Ãà Ãà Ãà ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÐ ÐÐHHÐÐ  ÐÐ2ÐÐÿÿ¸æ$ÿÐÐHHÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ  ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÑÑÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÑ € ÑÑ<Px–ÈÑÒÒÒ443!#4ÒÒ$ *$ÒÒ$*$ÒÒ ÿKK ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÓ.,ÓÓÓÓ6ÓÓ ÓßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÒ  h HD: Geneva ÒÒ  h HD: Geneva ÒÝ ƒ!ÝÔ . ÔÔ€-ÔÝ  ÝÒ  ÒÒ ° ÒÓ  ÓÔ€.ÔÑ\R AØ'\Ñ›Ñ7€ö7XXdìdÈ7ÑÑ  ќـ ÙßR€120A1-j|` ç `€€@ÿRß›Þ ÞÌà@ àò òIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEÌÌà@ àAT€NASHVILLEÌÌà@ àJUNE€1998€SESSIONÌÌÌÌÌTONY€EDWARD€MEADOWS,ó óà@ à)Ìà@ à)à àò òNO.€œ01C01›„9708„CR„00350ó óÌà àAppellant,à@ à)Ìà@ à)à àò òDAVIDSON€COUNTYó óÌò òœVS›.ó óà@ à)Ìà@ à)à àò òHON.€SETH€NORMAN,ÌSTATE€OF€TENNESSEE,ó óà@ à)à àò òJUDGEó óÌà@ à)Ìà àAppellee.à@ à)à à(Post„Conviction)ÌÌÌÌÒ†„èyÒò òòòFOR€THE€APPELLANTóó:ÌÌGREG€KINGÌó ó222€Second€Avenue€NorthÌSuite€360€MÌNashville,€TN€€37201Éò òòòFOR€THE€APPELLEEóó:ÌÌJOHN€KNOX€WALKUPó óÌAttorney€General€and€ReporterÌÌò òLISA€A.€œNAYLOR›Ìó óAssistant€Attorney€GeneralÌœCordell›€Hull€Building,€œ2nd›€FloorÌ425€Fifth€Avenue€NorthÌNashville,€TN€€37243„0493ÌÌò òVICTOR€S.€JOHNSON,€IIIÌó óDistrict€Attorney€GeneralÌÌò òSTEVE€R.€DOZIERó óÌAssistant€District€AttorneyÏGeneralÌWashington€SquareÌ222€Second€Avenue,€NorthÌSuite€500€ÌNashville,€TN€€37201ÉÒÒÌÌÌÌÌò òOPINION€FILED:€òò€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€óóÌÌÌÌAFFIRMEDÌÌÌÌLEE€MOORE,ÌSPECIAL€JUDGEÇÓÓó óà@ àò òòòOPINIONó óóóÌÌà àThe€petitioner,€Tony€Edward€Meadows,€appeals€the€dismissal€of€hisÏpetition€for€post„conviction€relief.€€Petitioner€pleaded€guilty€to€three€(3)€counts€ofÏaggravated€burglary€in€Case€No.€94„D„2180;€two€(2)€counts€of€aggravatedÏburglary€in€Case€No.€94„D„2181;€and€two€(2)€counts€of€aggravated€burglary€inÏCase€No.€94„D„2128.€€Petitioner€received€an€effective€sentence€of€eighteen€(18)Ïyears€as€a€Range€I€Offender.€€Petitioner€€was€ordered€to€serve€five€(5)€years€onÏcommunity€corrections€and€the€remaining€thirteen€(13)€years€on€supervisedÏprobation.€€In€April,€1996,€petitionerððs€sentence€on€community€corrections€wasÏrevoked€and€his€original€sentence€was€imposed.€€On€appeal,€petitioner€raisesÏthe€issue€of€ineffective€assistance€of€counsel€for€the€following€reasons:Ìà à1.à àPetitionerððs€plea€was€not€made€voluntarily,€intelligently€andÏà àà àà àunderstandably€as€a€result€of€trial€counselððs€omissions.Ìà à2.à àTrial€counsel€made€little€or€no€independent€investigation€of€theÏfacts€à àà àand€circumstances€surrounding€the€charges.Ìà à3.à àTrial€counsel€failed€to€adequately€inform€petitioner€of€the€law€andÏà àà àdefenses€of€petitionerððs€case.Ìà à4.à àTrial€counsel€failed€to€zealously€represent€petitioner€during€pleaÏà àà ànegotiations.ÌÌà àAfter€a€review€of€the€post„conviction€record€on€€appeal€and€the€applicableÏlaw,€the€Court€affirms€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court.€ÌÌà@ àòòò òPROCEDURAL€HISTORYó óóóÌÌà àIn€October,€1994,€petitioner€was€indicted€under€three€(3)€separateÏindictments€with€multiple€charges€of€aggravated€burglary€and€theft.€€On€JanuaryÏ12,€1995,€petitioner€pleaded€guilty€to€three€(3)€counts€of€aggravated€burglary€inÏCase€No.€94„D„2180;€two€(2)€counts€of€aggravated€burglary€in€Case€No.€94„D„2181;€and€two€(2)€counts€of€aggravated€burglary€in€Case€No.€94„D„2128.€ÏPetitioner€received€an€effective€eighteen€(18)€year€sentence€as€a€standardÏRange€I€Offender.€€Petitioner,€however,€€was€ordered€to€serve€five€(5)€years€onÏcommunity€corrections€with€the€remainder€of€his€sentence€to€be€served€onÏsupervised€probation.€€ÌÌà àOn€€May€26,€1995,€petitionerððs€community€corrections€sentence€wasÏrevoked,€and€the€original€sentence€was€reinstated.€€On€August€8,€1995,Ïpetitioner€filed€a€petition€for€post„conviction€relief.€€On€September€6,€1995,Ïpetitioner€filed€a€motion€for€reduction€and€modification€of€sentence.€€The€motionÏwas€granted€on€December€1,€1995,€and€petitioner€withdrew€his€petition€for€post„conviction€relief.€€Petitioner€was€placed€back€on€community€corrections€underÏthe€same€terms€and€conditions€as€originally€set€forth€in€his€plea€of€guilty€onÏJanuary€12,€1995.€€On€April€26,€1996,€the€Court€again€revoked€petitionerððsÏsentence€on€community€corrections€and€reinstated€the€original€sentenceÏinvoked€on€January€12,€1995.€€Petitioner€then€on€May€7,€1996,€filed€the€presentÍpetition€for€post„conviction€relief.€€By€order€filed€on€May€20,€1996,€the€CourtÏappointed€the€Honorable€James€G.€King€to€represent€€petitioner.€On€SeptemberÏ30,€1996,€petitionerððs€court€appointed€attorney€filed€ð ðAmended€Petition€For€Post„Conviction€Relief.ðð€€The€state€responded€to€the€amended€petition€by€denying€theÏfactual€allegations€contained€therein.€€A€hearing€was€conducted€on€theÏamended€petition€for€post„conviction€relief€on€January€15,€1997.€€On€March€25,Ï1997,€the€trial€court€filed€an€opinion.€€On€€April€1,€1997,€attorney€Greg€King€wasÏappointed€to€represent€petitioner€for€the€purposes€of€his€appeal.€€Notice€ofÏAppeal€was€timely€filed€on€April€1,€1997.ÌÌà@ àò òòòINEFFECTIVE€ASSISTANCE€OF€COUNSELóóó ó€€€€ÌÌà àPetitioner€alleges€the€assistance€rendered€by€trial€counsel€wasÏineffective€for€the€reasons€stated€above.ÌÌà@ àò òA.Ìó óÌà àThe€Court€reviews€the€claim€of€ineffective€assistance€of€counsel€underÏthe€standards€of€òòBaxter€v.€Roseóó,€523€œS.W.2d›€930€(Tenn.€1975),€and€òòœStrickland›€v.óóÏòòWashingtonóó,€466€U.S.€668,€104€œS.Ct›.€2052,€80€œL.Ed›.œ2d›€674€(1984).€€TheÏpetitioner€has€the€burden€to€prove€that€(1)€the€attorneyððs€performance€wasÏdeficient,€and€(2)€the€deficient€performance€resulted€in€prejudice€to€theÏdefendant€so€as€to€deprive€him€of€a€fair€trial.€€òòœStrickland›€v.€Washingtonóó,€466€U.S.Íat€687,€104€œS.Ct›.€at€2064;€òòGoad€v.€Stateóó,€938€œS.W.2d›€363,€369€(Tenn.€1996);ÏòòœOverton›€v.€Stateóó,€874€œS.W.2d›€6,€11€(Tenn.€1994);€òòButler€v.€Stateóó,€789€œS.W.2d›Ï898,€899€(Tenn.€1990).€€€This€two€part€standard€of€measuring€ineffectiveÏassistance€of€counsel€also€applies€to€claims€€arising€out€of€the€plea€process.€ÏòòHill€v.€œLockhart›óó,€474€U.S.€52,€88€œL.Ed›.œ2d›€203,€106€œS.Ct›.€366€(1985).€€TheÏprejudice€requirement€is€modified€so€that€the€petitioner€"must€show€that€there€isÏa€reasonable€probability€that,€but€for€counsel's€errors,€he€would€not€haveÏpleaded€guilty€and€would€have€insisted€on€going€to€trial".€òòId€at€59óó.€€€ÌÌà àThe€test€in€Tennessee€in€determining€whether€counsel€provided€effectiveÏassistance€is€whether€his€performance€was€within€the€range€of€competenceÏdemanded€of€attorneys€in€criminal€cases.€€òòBaxter€v.€Roseóó,€523€œS.W.2d›€at€936.€ÏThe€petitioner€must€overcome€the€presumption€that€counselððs€conduct€fallsÏwithin€the€wide€range€of€acceptable€professional€assistance.€€òòœStrickland›€v.ÏWashingtonóó,€466€U.S.€at€689,€104€œS.Ct›.€at€2065;€òòAlley€v.€Stateóó,€958€œS.W.2d›€138,Ï149€(Tenn.€œCrim›.€œApp›.€1997);€òòState€v.€Williamsóó,€929€œS.W.2d›€385,€389€(Tenn.ÏœCrim›.€œApp›.€1996).ÌÌà àIn€post„conviction€proceedings,€the€petitioner€has€the€burden€of€provingÏthe€allegations€contained€in€his€petition.€€òòButler€v.€Stateóó,€789€œS.W.2d›€at€899.€€ÏThe€trial€courtððs€findings€after€a€post„conviction€hearing€are€conclusive€unlessÏevidence€preponderates€against€the€judgment.€€òòId.óóÌÌà@ àB.ÌÌà àPetitioner,€Tony€Edward€Meadows,€testified€that€trial€counsel€made€littleÏor€no€independent€investigation€of€facts€and€circumstances€surrounding€hisÏcase.€€He€also€alleged€that€trial€counsel€failed€to€adequately€inform€him€of€theÏlaw€and€the€defenses€of€this€case,€and€further€that€trial€counsel€failed€toÏzealously€represent€him€during€the€plea€negotiations.€€Petitioner€testified€that€heÏand€his€mother€tried€on€numerous€occasions€to€contact€trial€counsel,€but€theÏonly€time€he€saw€him€was€on€January€12,€1995,€on€the€ð ðplea€dayðð.€€He€testifiedÏthat€on€January€12,€1995,€he€had€a€discussion€with€his€attorney€ofÏapproximately€ten€minutes,€and€at€that€time€was€advised€that€the€state€wasÏoffering€him€eighteen€(18)€years€on€community€corrections€or€a€trial€after€whichÏhe€would€probably€get€forty€(40)€years.€€He€testified€that€€trial€counsel€advisedÏhim€that€he€would€be€pleading€guilty€to€seven€(7)€charges.€€He€states,€however,Ïthat€€he€was€not€advised€of€the€ramifications€of€his€plea.€€He€states€that€he€didÏnot€know€that€the€sentences€would€run€consecutive€until€he€got€to€prison.€€ÏWhen€asked€by€post„conviction€counsel€if€there€were€anything€else€he€wouldÏlike€to€add,€petitioner€stated,€ð ðjust€that€if€the€court€sees€fit,€to€please€run€myÏsentences€concurrent,€so€I€can€get€on€with€my€life.ðð€€It€appears€that€the€gist€of€theÏcomplaint€at€this€time€is€that€the€sentences€run€consecutively€rather€thanÏconcurrently.€€In€fact,€on€cross„examination,€petitioner€stated€that€he€filed€aÏpetition€for€post„conviction€relief€that€was€later€converted€to€a€Rule€35€motionÏafter€which€he€was€placed€back€on€community€corrections.€€As€statedÍhereinabove,€his€sentence€to€community€corrections€had€been€revoked€earlier.€ÏOn€cross„examination,€petitioner€also€indicated€that€he€had€confessed€to€theÏpolice€about€the€burglaries€in€question.€€He€indicated€that€he€cooperated€withÏthe€police€regarding€sixteen€(16)€various€burglaries€in€sixteen€(16)€variousÏhomes.ÌÌ€à àTrial€counsel€testified€that€he€filed€no€suppression€motions€becauseÏpetitioner€had€given€statements€to€the€police,€and€he€had€nothing€in€his€file€toÏindicate€that€there€was€anyway€to€attack€the€confessions.€€He€indicated€thatÏbefore€he€had€been€appointed€to€represent€petitioner€that€the€petitioner€throughÏa€public€defender€had€already€ð ðstruck€a€dealðð€with€the€District€Attorney€General,Ïand€petitioner€wanted€to€make€sure€that€he€got€the€deal.€€The€deal€appeared€toÏhave€been€a€plea€of€guilty€to€six€(6)€counts€for€an€effective€sentence€of€eighteenÏ(18)€years.€€He€indicated€that€the€District€Attorney€General€later€told€him€that€theÏdeal€involved€a€plea€to€seven€(7)€counts€rather€than€six€(6)€counts.€€TrialÏcounsel's€claim€for€attorney€fees€indicated€that€he€met€with€petitioner€onÏDecember€7,€1994,€for€approximately€one„half€œ(1/2)›€hour.€€Thereafter,€he€filedÏdiscovery€motions€and€then€reviewed€the€response€to€discovery.€€On€JanuaryÏ11,€1995,€he€had€a€conference€with€his€client€for€approximately€three„quartersÏ(3/4)€of€an€hour€at€the€jail.€€He€also€testified€that€he€read€all€plea€petitions€to€hisÏclients€because€he€knew€the€words€could€be€confusing€to€people€who€are€notÏfamiliar€with€the€petitions.€€He€indicated€also€that€he€always€advised€his€clientsÏas€to€whether€or€not€the€sentences€would€run€concurrently€or€consecutively.€€HeÍtestified€that€€petitioner€never€indicated€that€he€was€not€guilty€of€any€of€theÏcharges€nor€that€he€wanted€to€go€to€trial€on€any€of€the€charges.€€He€stated€thatÏthis€plea€bargain€gave€petitioner€a€chance.€€If€he€had€not€violated€his€communityÏcorrections,€he€would€have€been€able€to€remain€free.€€Trial€counsel€felt€that€theÏplea€agreement€had€accomplished€what€petitioner€had€wanted€with€theÏnumerous€charges€against€him.€€€€€€€ÌÌà àThereafter,€the€trial€court€denied€the€petition,€stating€specifically€that€theÏpetitioner€only€complained€about€his€assistance€of€counsel€when€he€wasÏincarcerated.€€After€filing€the€first€petition€for€post„conviction€relief,€he€wasÏreleased€on€a€Rule€35€motion€and,€thereafter,€failed€to€pursue€the€petition€forÏpost„conviction€relief.€€He€made€no€further€complaints€until€he€had€violated€theÏterms€and€conditions€of€his€release€for€a€second€time€and€was€thereafterÏincarcerated.ÌÌÌÑ À Ñà@ àò òC.ó óÌÌà àThe€record€available€reflects€that€the€trial€court€properly€found€thatÏpetitioner€entered€a€guilty€plea€voluntarily€and€knowingly.€€Since€the€guilty€pleaÏhearing€was€not€made€a€part€of€the€record€on€appeal,€the€Court€is€required€toÏassume€that€the€trial€court€made€proper€findings€regarding€that€issue.€€It€is€theÏduty€of€appellant€to€prepare€a€record€which€conveys€a€fair,€accurate,€andÍcomplete€account€of€what€transpired€in€the€trial€court€with€respect€to€the€issuesÏwhich€form€the€basis€of€an€appeal.€€Tenn.€R.€œApp›.€P.€24€(b);€òòState€v.€œOody›óó,€823ÏœS.W.2d›€554,€559€(Tenn.€œCrim›.€œApp›.€1991).€€When€an€appellant€fails€to€includeÏnecessary€portions€of€the€record€on€appeal€regarding€an€issue,€an€appellateÏcourt€is€precluded€from€considering€the€merits€of€the€issue.€€See€Tenn.€R.€œApp›.ÏP.€24€(b);€òòState€v.€œBallard›óó,€855€œS.W.2d›€557,€561€(Tenn.€1993).€ÌÌà àPetitioner€has€also€failed€to€meet€his€burden€of€proof.€€Petitioner€has€Ïfailed€to€overcome€the€presumption€that€€trial€counselððs€conduct€falls€within€theÏwide€range€of€acceptable€professional€assistance.€€There€is€no€evidence€toÏindicate€that€petitioner's€plea€of€guilty€was€not€made€voluntarily€and€knowingly.€ÏEven€if€there€were€deficient€performance,€petitioner€has€failed€to€carry€hisÏburden€of€proof€that€such€deficient€performance€resulted€in€prejudice.€€There€isÏno€evidence€to€show€that€there€was€a€reasonable€probability€that,€but€for€anyÏalleged€error€of€counsel,€petitioner€would€not€have€pleaded€guilty€and€wouldÏhave€insisted€on€going€to€trial.€€Petitioner€has€not€shown€that€there€was€aÏreasonable€probability€of€a€successful€defense€even€if€the€cases€had€gone€toÏtrial.€€Petitionerððs€own€testimony€reveals€that€he€confessed€to€the€variousÏburglaries,€and€there€is€no€evidence€that€there€would€be€any€reason€for€aÏsuppression€of€any€confession.€€€There€is€no€evidence€in€the€record€to€indicateÏthat€a€more€independent€investigation€by€trial€counsel€would€have€producedÏany€more€favorable€results€or€that€any€further€information€to€petitioner€regardingÏthe€applicable€law€and€defenses€would€have€produced€any€better€results.€€ÌThere€is€no€evidence€in€the€record€that€trial€counsel€failed€to€zealouslyÏrepresent€petitioner€during€plea€negotiations.ÌÌà àAccordingly,€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court€is€ò òAFFIRMEDó ó.€€€€€€€ÌÌÓÓÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àòò€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ò òóóÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àLEE€MOORE,€SPECIALÏJUDGEÌÌÌCONCUR:ÌÌòòÌÌ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€óóÌœCURWOOD›€œWITT›,€JUDGEó óÌÌÌòòò òÌ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€óóÌJOE€G.€œRILEY›,€JUDGEÌó óÑ€3ÑÇÑ  Ñà@ àò òIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEÌà@ àAT€NASHVILLE€Ìó óÌÌÌò òTONY€EDWARDS€MEADOWS,ó óà@ à)Ìà@ à)à àC.C.A.€No.€œ01C01›„9708„CR„00350Ìà àAppellant,à@ à)Ìà@ à)à àDavidson€County€Nos.€94„D„2128,Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)€€€€€€€€€€94„D„2180,€94„D„2481€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Ïvs.à@ à)Ìà@ à)à à(Post„Conviction)Ìò òSTATE€OF€TENNESSEE,ó óà@ à)Ìà@ à)à àò òAFFIRMEDó óÌà àAppellee.à@ à)ÌÌÌÌÓÓà@ àò òJUDGMENTó óÌÌà àCame€the€appellant,€Tony€Edward€Meadows,€by€counsel,€and€the€state,Ïby€the€Attorney€General,€and€this€case€was€heard€on€the€record€on€appeal€fromÏthe€€€Criminal€€Court€€of€€Davidson€County;€and€upon€consideration€thereof,€thisÏCourt€is€of€the€opinion€that€there€is€no€reversible€error€in€the€judgment€of€the€trialÏcourt.ÌÌà àIt€is,€therefore,€ordered€and€adjudged€by€this€Court€that€the€judgment€ofÏthe€trial€court€is€ò òAFFIRMEDó ó,€and€the€case€is€remanded€to€the€Criminal€Court€ofÏDavidson€County€for€execution€of€the€judgment€of€that€court€and€for€collection€ofÏcosts€accrued€below.ÌÌà àIt€appears€that€appellant€is€indigent.€€Costs€of€appeal€will€be€paid€by€theÍState€of€Tennessee.ÌÌÓÓà àà àà àà àà àà àà àPer€CuriamÌÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àLee€Moore,€Special€JudgeÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àJoe€G.€œRiley›,€JudgeÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àœCurwood›€œWitt›,€JudgeÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌ