WPC> g>   E 0U N` 0b 0?E 0 0 0l 0 0 0a 0 0 0 03 0 0{ 0 0 0: 0 0} 0E 0 0 01 0 0[ b 0 0<s! 0!4!U@!! 0#" 0" 0# 0>Q$ 0$ 0% 0i& 0K' 0-( 0) 0) 0* 02}+ 0+ 0:, 0Y, 0_>- 0 - 0. 0)0 B*/2 D/Y2 02 D/4 04 065 05 0:6 0^7 0<a7 07 1e8 0N8U6;9 Bq9U*9 09 D5\: D-: 0K:UN ; ASW;; 0p< 0D= AX= 1u> 72x>/ (`$.8dd8    ("  Z6Times New Roman Regulary.:i+003|x C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wpt U\\IB01S02\CLERKJAC,,,,0\  `&Times New RomanLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5*+ (_2623  ..*D+D (_25   ," <DL,23  ..," <DL,   *5+5 (_24  ) <DL)23  ..) <DL)  *2+2 (_23 ` &<<DL&23  ..&<<DL& ` */+/ (_22  #DL#23  ..#DL#  *,+, (_21   DL 23  .. DL  *)+) (_20 h DDL23  ..DDL h *&+& (_19  L23  ..L  *#+# (_18   L23  .. L  *>> (_17  2( 4 <DL223  Ԁ2( 4 <DL2  *DD (_16   ," <DL,23  Ԁ," <DL,   *55 (_15  ) <DL)23  Ԁ) <DL)  *22 (_14 ` &<<DL&23  Ԁ&<<DL& ` *// (_13  #DL#23  Ԁ#DL#  *,, (_12   DL 23  Ԁ DL  *)) (_11 h DDL23  ԀDDL h *&& (_10  L23  ԀL  (## &_9   L23  Ԁ L  (>> &_8  2( 4 <DL223  2( 4 <DL2  (DD &_7   ," <DL,23  ," <DL,   (55 &_6  ) <DL)23  ) <DL)  (22 &_5 ` &<<DL&23  &<<DL& ` (// &_4  #DL#23  #DL#  (,, &_3   DL 23   DL  ()) &_2 h DDL23  DDL h (&& &_1  L23  L  - -&## $_   L23   L  <:Default Para.,term1 (9 Z(Times New Roman 0AA.Normal  5+ ` hp x 55+ ` hp x 5  <AA:Definition T  5+ ` hp x 55+ ` hp x 5  <AA:Definition L , 5+ ` hp x 5  5+ ` hp x 586Definition(hh&H1  5+ ` hp x 5      5+ ` hp x 5  (]]&H2  5+ ` hp x 5  5+ ` hp x 5  (]]&H3  5+ ` hp x 5  5+ ` hp x 5  (]]&H4  5+ ` hp x 5 XXX 5+ ` hp x 5  (]]&H5  5+ ` hp x 5  5+ ` hp x 5  (]]&H6  5+ ` hp x 5  5+ ` hp x 5  2DD0Address  5+ ` hp x 55+ ` hp x 5  8MM6Blockquote , , 5+ ` hp x 5   5+ ` hp x 5,*CITE,dl*CODEKU<6X9`(Courier NewKS \  `&Times New RomanS42Emphasis64Hyperlink    <:FollowedHype    4go2Keyboard KU<6X9`(Courier NewKS \  `&Times New RomanS <:Preformatted  /%  ,Kk %#/KU<6X9`(Courier NewKS \  `&Times New RomanS/%  ,Kk %#/  <:zBottom of 7I(X7    5+ ` hp x 5?W%2A`Arial?  S \  `&Times New RomanS7Z(X75+ ` hp x 5  &  d dH)1dxd<:zTop of For7K(X7    5+ ` hp x 5?W%2A`Arial?  S \  `&Times New RomanS7Z(X75+ ` hp x 5  H)2dxd0KS.SampleKU<6X9`(Courier NewKS \  `&Times New RomanS0.Strong 8dl6TypewriterKU<6X9`(Courier NewKS \  `&Times New RomanS42Variable: 8HTML MarkupB      2 0CommentB  (|G2?$ !.8qdXXd8         0    !"#$ 35;AGMSY_11.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.(O$<6X9`(Courier New d%2A`Arial(|3$ !.8qdXXd8     VVVV)!dxdx)!dxdx( $ Figure  1  (9 Z6Times New Roman Regular^_X`YE<<CLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(|3$ !.8qdXXd8     ($$   1  X[Z&OLE 2.0 Box <=8C HKKKK3#37=CIQYag1.a.i.(1)(a)(i)1)a)bi) !.8qdd8     _   q8'XXdd8@hh=6qINTHECOURTOFCRIMINALAPPEALSOFTENNESSEE  @%ATJACKSON#q=6 #Ԉ #    @  @` AssignedonBriefsJuly9,2003 F X'Xq #qXX'#STATEOFTENNESSEEv._RASHE_ԀMOOREX'Xq  ? @@ DirectAppealfromtheCriminalCourtforShelbyCounty  9 @@Nos.0006306,000631317JosephB.Dailey,Judge  # @@*AV) ` dE<` A   @@TTNo.W200201195CCAR3CDFiledDecember3,_2003_   AV) ` dE<]` A ^     Thedefendantwasfoundguiltyofsixcountsofaggravatedrape,sevencountsofespecially V  aggravatedkidnapping,fivecountsofaggravatedrobbery,andonecountofaggravatedburglary. ? Thedefendantcontendsonappealthat(1)thetrialcourterredindenyinghismotiontosuppressthe (x photographicidentification,(2)theevidencewasinsufficienttosupporttheconvictions,(3)thetrial a courterredinexcludingevidenceofascaruponthedefendantsabdomen,(4)thetrialcourterred J innotrequiringtheStatetomakeanelectionofoffensesastotheaggravatedrapeconvictions,(5) 3 thetrialcourtdidnotproperlyinstructthejuryonlesserincludedoffenses,and(6)thesentencewas  improper.#qXX'#X'XqԀFindingnoreversibleerror,weaffirmthejudgmentsofthetrialcourt.   Tenn.R.App.P.3AppealasofRight;JudgmentsoftheCriminalCourtAffirmed     #qX'l#X'X.qJohnEverettWilliams,J.,deliveredtheopinionofthecourt,inwhichRobertW.Wedemeyer, Z J.,joined.GaryR.Wade,_P.J._,concurredintheresult.#qXX' #X'Xq C Mark_Mesler_ԀandHowardB.Manis,Memphis,Tennessee,fortheappellant,_Rashe_ԀMoore. e PaulG.Summers,AttorneyGeneralandReporter;JohnH._Bledsoe_,AssistantAttorneyGeneral;  7  RobertWilsonJones,DistrictAttorneyGeneral;andStephenP.Jones,AssistantDistrictAttorney ! ! General,fortheappellee,StateofTennessee. " " i @@OO& OPINION #qXX' #X'Xq $$     TheShelbyCountyGrandJuryindictedthedefendant,_Rashe_ԀMoore,ontwocountsof ^&!& aggravatedrape(No.0006306),twocountsofaggravatedrape(No.0006313),twocountsof G'"' aggravatedrape(No.0006314),sevencountsofespeciallyaggravatedkidnapping(No.0006315), 0(#( fivecountsofaggravatedrobbery(No.0006316),andonecountofaggravatedburglary(No.00 )i$) 06317).ThedefendantwastriedbyajuryinFebruaryof2002andconvictedofaggravatedrape *R%* aschargedinNo.0006306andinNo.0006313.UnderNo.0006314,thejuryfoundthedefendant *;&+ guilty aschargedintheindictmentduringtheincidentinvolving(1)thefirstinstancewhich +$', occurredbeforeshewastakenintothebathroomand(2)thesecondinstancewhichoccurredafter , (- _shewastakenfromthekitchentothecouchwiththepillowoverherhead.Thejuryfoundthe -(. defendantguiltyaschargedofsevencountsofespeciallyaggravatedkidnapping,fivecountsof  aggravatedrobbery,andonecountofaggravatedburglary.    UnderNo.0006306,thetrialcourtsentencedthedefendantforaggravatedrapeoncount k onetotwentyoneyearsconfinementat100%asaviolentoffender,consecutivetohisother T sentences,andanolleprosequiwasenteredastocounttwo.UnderNo.0006313,thetrialcourt =  mergedthetwoconvictionsforaggravatedrapeandsentencedthedefendanttotwentyoneyears & v confinementat100%asaviolentoffender,consecutivetohisothersentences.UnderNo.0006314,  _ thetrialcourtmergedthedefendantstwoconvictionsforaggravatedrapeandsentencedthe  H defendanttotwentyoneyearsconfinementat100%asaviolentoffender,consecutivetohisother  1  sentences.ForeachofthesevenconvictionsforespeciallyaggravatedkidnappingunderNo.00    06315,thetrialcourtsentencedthedefendanttotwentyoneyearsconfinementat100%asaviolent   offender,witheachsentencetorunconcurrenttotheothersunderthisindictmentnumberand   consecutivetotheothersentencesimposed.Foreachof_the_Ԁfiveconvictionsforaggravatedrobbery   underNo.0006316,thetrialcourtsentencedthedefendanttoelevenyearsconfinementat30%as n  astandardoffender,witheachsentencetorunconcurrenttotheothersunderthisindictmentnumber W  andconsecutivetotheothersentencesimposed.FortheaggravatedburglaryconvictionunderNo. @ 0006137,thetrialcourt_sentencedthedefendanttofouryearsconfinementat30%asastandard )y offendertorunconsecutivetotheothersentencesimposed.Thedefendantreceivedaneffective b sentenceofninetynineyears. K   Thedefendanttimelyfiledamotionfornewtrial.Themotionwasdenied,andthedefendant  timelyfiledhisnoticeofappeal.Thedefendantcontendsonappealthat(1)thetrialcourterredin  denyinghismotiontosuppressthephotographicidentification,(2)theevidencewasinsufficientto  supporttheconvictions,(3)thetrialcourterredinexcludingevidenceofascaruponthedefendants  abdomen,(4)thetrialcourterredinnotrequiringtheStatetomakeanelectionofoffensesastothe q aggravatedrapeconvictions,(5)thetrialcourtdidnotproperlyinstructthejuryonlesserincluded Z offenses,and(6)thesentencewasimproper. C    Facts e r    OntheeveningofJuly21,1999,AlbertSmithwasathishomeinMemphis,Tennessee,with !#  hiseightyearoldsonKevinSmithandhisfriendDeanaTaylor.Albertansweredaknockonthe " ! door,whileDeanaandKevinremainedonthecouchintheden.Thepersonatthedoorwasanolder #" manwhobeganarguingwithAlbert.Themanhadahandgunandeventuallyforcedhiswayinto $# thehouse.Themanorderedeveryonetogivehimeverythingtheyhadandgetdownonthefloor w% $ intheden. `&!%   Momentslater,asecondyoungermanarrived.Deanalaterdescribedtheyoungermanas 2(#' beingshortandhavingaroundfaceandalowhaircut(almostbald).Theyoungermanwas_also )k$( armedwithahandgun.Themantoldthemthathe wantedthemoneyandbeganransackingthe *T%) house. *=&*  +&'+   Afewminuteslater,Albertsroommate,JoshuaJones,arrivedatthehouse.Joshuawas  accompaniedby_Shauntel_Ԁand_Latoya_ԀKnox.AsJoshuaandthetwogirlsattemptedtoenterthe  house,Alberttriedtowarnthemofwhatwashappening.Thearmedmenforcedeveryoneintothe  houseatgunpoint.ThementhenrobbedJoshuaandthetwogirls.Allofthevictimswereforced k tostripdowntotheirunderwearandlieonthefloorintheden. T   Theoldermanordered_Latoya_Ԁintoanotherroomwhiletheyoungermanheldtherestofthe & v victimsatgunpoint.Heforcedhertoperformfellatiouponhimwhileholdingaguntoherhead.  _ Theoldermanand_Latoya_Ԁthenreturnedtotheden.Next,theyoungermanordered_Shauntel_Ԁinto  H adifferentroomandforcedhertoperformfellatiouponhim.Duringthistime,t#qXX'0 #X'Xqheolderman  1  remainedinthedenandheldtheothervictimsatgunpoint.Apagerbelongingtooneofthevictims    sounded,andtheoldermanfiredhisgun.Hearingthegunshot,theyoungermanand_Shauntel_Ԁ   returnedtotheden.     Themenorderedeveryoneintothekitchen.Allofthevictimswereforcedtolietogether n  inaheaponthekitchenfloor.Thementapedthevictimshandsandfeettogetherwithducttape. W  Thevictimswerethencoveredwithasheet,blockingtheirviewoftheeventsthathappenedafter @ thattime.Whileunderthesheet,thevictimsheardadditionalintrudersenterthehouse.Allofthe )y menweremakingthreatsandgoingthroughthehouse.Thevictimstestifiedthattheywereterrified. b Atonepoint,theeightyearoldurinatedonhimself. K   Whilethevictimswerestillpiledinthekitchen,theoldermanordered_Deana_Ԁintotheother  room.Heforcedhertokisshimonthemouth.Theoldermanattemptedtopenetratehervaginally  fromtherearwithhispenisandthen,ultimately,penetratedhervaginallyfromthefront.Shewas  thenorderedintothebathroomtocleanherself.Aroundthesametimethat_Deana_Ԁwasinthe  bathroom,MarcusStewartarrivedatthehouse.Marcusknockedonthedoorbutnooneanswered. q WhileMarcusremainedoutside,oneofthemenwentoutabackdoorandranaroundthehouse.He Z cameupbehindMarcusandforcedhimintothehouseatgunpoint.ThementhenrobbedMarcus. C Theypulledhisshirtoverhisheadandpulledhispantsdownaroundhisankles.Hewasthen ,| orderedintothekitchenwiththeothervictimsandwasalsoboundwithducttape. e   AfterMarcusarrived,theoldermancamebackandputapillowcaseover_Deana_shead.The  7 menthentookherintoanotherroom.Oneofthemenstatedthathewasgoingtoshoother.Instead, !   heputonacondomandforcedhispenisintohermouth.Anotherassailant,wearingasandwichbag, " ! thenforcedhispenisintohermouth.Anunknownnumberofassailantsvaginallypenetratedher. #" Shewasthenorderedbackintothekitchenwiththeothervictims.Theassailantsleftandthe $# incidentwasreportedtothepolice.Theentireordeallastedapproximatelytwohours. t% $   Theyoungermaninvolvedintheattackwaslateridentifiedas_Rashe_ԀMoore,thedefendant F'"& inthiscase._Deana_ԀTaylor,AlbertSmith,and_Shantel_ԀKnoxeachidentifiedthedefendantinaphoto /(#' lineupconductedaftertheincident.Thosethreewitnesses,alongwith_Latoya_ԀKnox,alsoidentified )h$( thedefendantincourt.Thedefendantwastriedandconvictedbyajuryofaggravatedrape, *Q%) especiallyaggravatedkidnapping,aggravatedrobbery,andaggravatedburglary. Hewasgivenan *:&* effectivesentenceofninetynineyearstobeservedintheTennesseeDepartmentofCorrection.  +&'+ ЇAnalysis    5    Thedefendantnowcontendsonappealthat(1)thetrialcourterredindenyinghismotion  tosuppressthephotographicidentification,(2)theevidencewasinsufficienttosupportthe m convictions,(3)thetrialcourterredinexcludingevidenceofascaruponthedefendantsabdomen, V (4)thetrialcourterredinnotrequiringtheStatetomakeanelectionofoffensesastotheaggravated ?  rapeconvictions,(5)thetrialcourtdidnotproperlyinstructthejuryonlesserincludedoffenses,and ( x (6)thesentencewasimproper.#qXX'm&#X'Xq  a a5#qXX'8#X'XqI.MotiontoSuppressPhotoIdentification  3   XY XXX'    Thedefendantarguesthatthetrialcourterredinnotsuppressingthephotographiclineup   identificationofthedefendant.Specifically,hecontendsthatthe#X'X X XY8# XY XXX'Ԁ#X'X X XY9# XY XXX'1   photo_identification1P:the_  #X'X X XY1:#1   _ 1:the_   XY XXX'Ԁprocedurewas#X'X X XYO;# XY XXX'   #X'X X XY;# XY XXX'1   unduly_suggestive,1<the_  #X'X X XY;# XY XXX'1   _1<the_  #X'X X XY<# XY XXX'becausethephotoswere grosslydissimilar.      In#X'X X XYU=# XY XXX'Neilv_Biggers_#X'X X XY># XY XXX',#X'X X XYy># XY XXX'Ԁ#X'X X XY># XY XXX'theUnitedStatesSupremeCourtestablishedatwopartanalysistoassess Y  thevalidityofapretrialidentification.#X'X X XY># XY XXX'409U.S.188,19899(1972).#X'X X XY?# XY XXX'First,thecourtmust B determinewhethertheprocedureusedtoobtaintheidentificationwas#X'X X XY2@# XY XXX'Ԁ#X'X X XY@# XY XXX'1   unduly_suggestive1EAthe_  #X'X X XY&A# XY XXX'1   _ .1Athe_  #X'X X XYA# XY XXX'ԀId.at198.#X'X X XYB# XY XXX' +{ Aviolationofdueprocesshasoccurrediftheidentificationprocedureissosuggestiveastogiverise d toaverysubstantiallikelihoodofirreparablemisidentification.#X'X X XYB# XY XXX'Id#X'X X XYC# XY XXX'.Thisstandardhasbeenadopted M byourstatessupremecourt.#X'X X XYDD# XY XXX'Bennettv.State#X'X X XYD# XY XXX',530S.W.2d511,51215(Tenn.1975).#X'X X XY>E# XY XXX'Ԁ 6   Second,iftheidentificationwas#X'X X XYE# XY XXX'Ԁ#X'X X XY,F# XY XXX'1   unduly_suggestive1Fthe_  #X'X X XYoF# XY XXX'1   _ ,1EGthe_  #X'X X XY&G# XY XXX'Ԁthecourtmustdetermine,underthe  totalityofthecircumstances,whethertheidentificationisneverthelessreliable.#X'X X XYG# XY XXX'_Biggers_#X'X X XYH# XY XXX',409U.S.  at199.#X'X X XYI# XY XXX'ԀAfindingthatthepretrialidentificationwasunreliablewillalsorequiretheexclusionof  asubsequentincourtidentificationbythesamewitness.#X'X X XYzI# XY XXX'Statev._Philpott_#X'X X XYnJ# XY XXX',882S.W.2d394,400#X'X X XYJ# XY XXX' s (Tenn.Crim.App.1994)#X'X X XYAK# XY XXX'.Althoughanidentificationprocessmaybesuggestive,itmaysatisfydue \ processasreliableandadmissibleif#X'X X XYK# XY XXX'Ԁ#X'X X XYL# XY XXX'thetotalityofthecircumstancessowarrant.#X'X X XYL# XY XXX'Statev.Brown#X'X X XY:M# XY XXX', E 795S.W.2d689,694(Tenn.Crim.App.1990).#X'X X XYM# XY XXX'Factorstobeconsideredindeterminingwhether .~ aviolationofdueprocesshasoccurredare: g 0     (1)theopportunityofthewitnesstoviewthecriminalatthetimeofthecrime;  P (2)thewitnessdegreeofattentionatthetimeofthecrime;  9 (3)theaccuracyofthewitnesspriordescriptionofthecriminal; !"  (4)thelevelofcertaintydemonstratedattheconfrontation;and " ! (5)thetimeelapsedbetweenthecrimeandtheconfrontation.#"(#(# Ё#X'X X XYN# XY XXX'_Philpott_#X'X X XYP# XY XXX',882S.W.2dat400(citing_Biggers_#X'X X XYHQ# XY XXX',409U.S.at199200)#X'X X XYQ# XY XXX'.#X'X X XY+R# XY XXX' $# _ Ѐ#X'X X XYnR#2XY XXX'Thefindingsoffactmadebythetrialcourtatthehearingonamotiontosuppressarebinding H'"& uponthisCourtunlesstheevidencecontainedintherecordpreponderatesagainstthem.State_v. 1(#' Ross,49S.W.3d833,839(Tenn.2001).Theprevailingpartyisentitledtothestrongestlegitimate )j$( viewoftheevidenceandallreasonableandlegitimateinferencesthatmaybedrawnfromthat *S%) evidence.Statev.Hicks,55S.W.3d515,521(Tenn.2001).However,theapplicationofthelaw *<&* tothefactsfoundbythetrialcourtarequestionsoflawthatthisCourtreviewsdenovo.Statev. +%'+ Daniel,12S.W.3d420,423(Tenn.2000).Absentashowingbythedefendantthattheevidence  preponderatesagainstthejudgmentofthetrialcourt,thisCourtmustdefertotherulingofthetrial  court.Statev._Cribbs_,967S.W.2d773,795(Tenn.1998).#X'X X2XYR# XY XXX'Ԁ    Inthiscase,thetrialcourtdeniedthedefendantsmotiontosuppress,findingthatthephoto T lineupwasproperlypresentedtothewitnessesandthatitfairlypresentedsixindividualsofsimilar =  appearance.Thedefendantcontendsthattheindividualsdonotresemblehim.Hearguesthatthe & v individualsinthephotoshavedifferentcomplexions,hair,noses,ears,andfacialhair.After  _ reviewingthephotolineupitself,weagreewiththetrialcourtthattheindividualsaresimilarin  H appearance.#X'X X XYrW# XY XXX'Eachoftheofficerstestifyingatthesuppressionhearingindicatedthattheydidnotin  1  anywaysuggestwhothewitnessesshouldpickout.Infact,theofficerstoldthewitnessesthatthey    shouldnotfeelasthoughtheyhadtopickoutsomeone.Additionally,eachwitnesswasreadand   giventhe AdvicetoWitnessformdescribingtheprocedurethewitnessshouldfollowin   identifyingasuspect.     Weholdthattheprocedureusedtoobtainthephotolineupidentificationwasnotunduly W  suggestive.Therefore,weneednotdeterminethesecondprongoftheanalysis.Thedefendanthas @ notshownthattheevidencepreponderatesagainsttherulingofthetrialcourt.Thisissueiswithout )y merit.#X'X X XY