ÿWPCý +i¥<Çì]IS;Ùš8V§“—S Hû¹ó°_ng¡k] kwk —Fpâ•m‡í„¯~Ž7OŠÛ`ìßøÛÈ ‡"õˆ"!¼rEÞÈèåbTþv@;ºWrláh"mͯIßt¾ ï¿ÙJÑý¤;úDþPh™u¨ÏÍ<¬›¡˜$`¦=/ÁâÈ-Õöñï°v =¤H/Ô@%üŽiðÿþB‹Vxû’Se 1ܦôúÃ9\nÛŒ~7wÂÅ¥WZŽ÷FÓʾh’ÊbnÒyãB1„/#¸‹Ý‚ÒP–‹<7ö_0‡;ý¦¦\3ËÓªI¨TÜS7&ƒÏqdÆ$õBÁÏ6GÜ‚­Î ¿Ç»’£ÓG*‹í„Þû‡?mº¹ÁĵÔgD€þ¬2£løÄ‚ÓãQ=®ô%à–´Ê«†Tqï»h²S ”®éÖ6â·Fæˆ ¹ýTÝ2 4 Å(^¶^`Â-yƒçè‚Â6"?ŽØDÍ,±pűâ4¿™3$3úò MÃZko6‡F£o|Lg¦NÓ¿ ç-Šú‚˜‘:ê±wëç f+«‹3ã]ð8”°ú1{5¦ •j1šÐÝS x(tpYŽW.ºZ¸PÂ$@˜ b %\^ b 0ˆnU,NöwD4H\ zkÒå· m¹ ÜÐ 0D¬ Æð ƶ Æ| ÆB#ÁNÉËÝÓE°U@²²²²²²²²²²²²²²²²²²²²²²²bòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòò 0ëúúúú Båå 0¤ D3¦ D-Ù 0K ASQƤ 0¤j 0D A«R»¨^)â (`£ª$¡¡Ñ€.ÑÑ8€½­»»d»»d8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  Ó(í€"  Z6Times New Roman Regular•jW)påi%¡3|x ˜C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wpt ÿU‹ÿÀÀÀ ÒÝ ƒRuJ$ÝÓ  Óà  àòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÔ€ô‡\ò»»ÔÝ  ÝÔ_Ô€€For€other€charges€incurred€during€the€defendantððs€confrontation€with€the€Taylor€family,€he€also€receivedÐ „ Ðthirty€days€for€disorderly€conduct€and€eleven€months€and€twenty„nine€days€for€assault.€€All€were€imposed€concurrently,Ð LÈ Ðwith€seven€days€confinement€and€the€remainder€on€Community€Corrections.(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  ÚóóLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5‚Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5„Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5…Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5˜HP LaserJet 4,ü,,,,,ü0  ÓÝ ƒRuJ$ÝÓ  Óà  àòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÔ€ô‡\ò»»ÔÝ  ÝÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÔ_Ô€Our€prior€discussion€regarding€imminence€notes€the€significance€of€our€statuteððs€comprising€that€requirement,Ð „ Ðcontrasted€with€the€Model€Penal€Codeððs€omission€of€such€requirement.€€In€a€similar€vein,€the€Model€Penal€CodeÐ LÈ Ðexpressly€states€that€the€elements€of€the€offense€may€be€constituted€by€pointing€a€firearm,€loaded€or€unloaded,€at€aÐ  Ðvictim.€€€This€definition€of€the€offense€is€somewhat€broader€than€our€statute,€and€our€holding€does€not€extend€toÐ ÜX Ðunloaded€weaponery.€€We€also€note€that€in€òòState€v.€Thomas€R.€Baldwinóó€,€No.€01C01„9612„CR„00530€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.Ð ¤  Ðfiled€July€29,€1998,€at€Nashville),€this€Court€did€not€find€reckless€endangerment€established€by€the€defendantððs€firingÐ lè Ða€weapon€a€moment€before€at€another€victim€in€another€direction.€€That€opinion€did€not€address€the€defendant'sÐ 4° Ðsubsequent€pointing€of€the€firearm,€without€firing,€at€the€first€victim.€€òòSeeóó€òòid.óó(uHš Z‹(Times New Roman - ù-(|G2uJ$¤¤Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€ëD»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  ÚóóÔ€ô‡\ò»»Ô d(|3y$££Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€ëD»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝVVVV'ÿÿdxd)!ÈÈÈÈdxdx( ±þ$’’ò òFigure€Ú  Ú1Ú  Úó ó^_X`YEþÿ<<CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(|3y$¢¢Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€ëD»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó óX[Z&OLE 2.0 Box <=8ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿCÿÿ HKKKKÝ ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€ëD»»ddÈ8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÑ„°ÑÑ  ÑÑ  ÑÔ€¼ëD»»»ÔÑ8€þ£XXdð»»d8Ñà@ttìàԇëDÔIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEˆÐ „ Ðà@WW$ìàAT€KNOXVILLEÔ#†¼ëD»îî ‡#ԈР°, ÐÓ  Óà @ àà @` àJuly€2000€SessionÐ ÜX ÐÔ‡Xþ£X»¼ëDÔÌò òÔ#†¼ëD»XXþ£#ÔSTATE€OF€TENNESSEEòòóó€v.€RALPH€€Ô_ÔDEWAYNEÔ_Ô€MOOREòòóóÔ‡Xþ£X»¼ëDÔó óÐ ä` ÐÌà@@½½ìàò òDirect€Appeal€from€the€Criminal€Court€for€Ô_ÔRoaneÔ_Ô€CountyÐ ì h Ðà@@øøìàNo.€11679€€€€€€E.€Eugene€Ô_ÔEblenÔ_Ô,€Trial€JudgeÐ Ü X ÐÌÌà@@ìì*ìàßA€V) °°` d€÷E<« ` AßÐ ¬ (  ÐÌà@@TTìàNo.€E1999„02743„CCA„R3„CDÐ «'  ÐOctober€30,€Ô_Ô2000Ô_ÔÐ ›  ÐßA€V) °°` dE<Š` AßÐ ‹  Ðó óÌÓ  ÓÓÓThe€defendant€was€convicted€of€reckless€endangerment€with€a€deadly€weapon,€a€shotgun.€€TheÐ Š Ðdefendant€asserts€that€insufficient€evidence€supported€the€verdict€against€him.€€We€affirm,€holdingÐ jæ Ðthat€the€ò òó ódefendantððs€loading€the€weapon€and€recklessly€pointing€it€at€the€victim€while€angry,€in€suchÐ JÆ Ða€manner€that€death€or€serious€bodily€injury€was€imminent,€were€actions€sufficient€to€constitute€theÐ *¦ Ðoffense€of€reckless€endangerment€whether€said€weapon€was€fired€or€not.Ð  † ÐÓ-ÓÌò òTenn.€R.€App.€P.€3€Appeal€as€of€Right;€Judgment€of€the€Criminal€Court€Affirmedó óÐ ÊF ÐÌòòÓ  ÓÔ#†¼ëD»àXþ£¹#ÔÔ‡Xþ£X.¼ëDÔJohn€Everett€Williams,€J.óó,€delivered€the€opinion€of€the€court,€in€whichòòò ò€ó óJoseph€M.€Ô_ÔTiptonÔ_Ôóó€andÐ Š   ÐòòRobert€W.€Ô_ÔWedemeyerÔ_Ô,€JJ.óó,€joined.Ð j"æ" ÐÌJoe€Walker,€District€Public€Defender,€and€Walter€B.€Johnson,€II,€Harriman,€Tennessee€(on€appeal);Ô#†¼ëD»XXþ£6#ÔÔ‡Xþ£X»¼ëDÔÐ *&¦"& ÐRowland€Ô_ÔCowdenÔ_Ô,€Assistant€Public€Defender€(at€trial),€for€the€appellant,€Ralph€Ô_ÔDewayneÔ_Ô€Moore.Ð  (†$( Ðâ âÐ ê)f&*ý ÐÔ_ÔPaul€G.€Summers,€Attorney€General€&€Reporter;€Mark€A.€Fulks,€Assistant€Attorney€General;€J.€ScottÐ „ ÐMcCluen,€District€Attorney€General;€and€Roger€Delp,€Assistant€District€Attorney,€for€the€appellee,Ð dà ÐState€of€Tennessee.€€Ð DÀ Ðâ âÌÓÓà@@OO&ìàò òOPINIONó óÔ#†¼ëD»XXþ£Ö #ÔÔ‡Xþ£X»¼ëDÔÐ  € ÐÌò òIntroductionó óÐ Ä@  Ðò òó óÌà @ àà @ àà @ àÓ  Óà  àThe€defendant,€Ralph€Dewayne€Moore,€was€convicted€by€a€Roane€County€Criminal€CourtÐ „ Ðjury€of€reckless€endangerment€with€a€weapon,€a€Class€E€felony.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.Code€Ann.€ðð€39„13„Ð dà Ð103(b).€€€He€was€sentenced€as€a€Range€I€standard€offender€to€one€year,€with€seven€days€in€jail€andÐ DÀ Ðthe€remainder€on€Community€Corrections.׃ ×Ý ƒ #ÃÝòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€He€asserts€that€insufficient€evidence€supported€theÐ $  Ðverdict€because€the€evidence€established€neither€the€direction€of€the€weaponððs€discharge€nor€theÐ € Ðidentity€of€the€actual€shooter.€€After€careful€review,€we€affirm€the€conviction.€Ð ä` ÐÌÓ  Óà @ àà @` àà @¸ àà @ àò òà @h àà @À àBackgroundó óÔ#†¼ëD»XXþ£c #ÔÔ‡Xþ£X»¼ëDÔÐ ¤  ÐÓöÓÌà  àAccording€to€the€trial€testimony,€Lakisha€Taylor€is€the€daughter€of€the€victim,€Irvin€Taylor.€Ð d#à" ÐLakisha€testified€that,€in€September€1996,€when€she,€Nikita€Taylor,€and€a€friend€were€standing€underÐ D%À!$ Ða€tree€in€the€rain€at€the€Taylorsðð€residence,€the€defendant,€next€door€at€his€uncleððs€house,€beganÐ $' #& Ðcursing€at€the€girls.€€€The€girls€entered€the€Taylor€residence,€and€Lakisha€called€her€mother€to€inquireÐ „ Ðabout€the€defendant.Ð dà Ðà  àÌà  àQuickly,€Lakisha€Taylorððs€mother,€Sandra€Taylor,€and€her€father,€the€victim,€arrived,€in€thatÐ $   Ðorder,€at€the€house.€€After€the€victim€arrived,€he€stood€on€his€porch,€as€the€defendant€entered€theÐ  € Ðvictimððs€driveway€and€threatened€him.€€Lakisha€testified€that€the€defendant€pretended€to€pull€a€gun,Ð ä `  Ðand€the€victim€responded€by€picking€up€a€baseball€bat€from€the€ground.€€Further,€she€stated€that,€atÐ Ä@  Ðthe€defendantððs€request,€€John€Russell,€a€friend€of€the€defendant,€brought€the€defendant€a€shotgun.€Ð ¤  ÐThe€defendant€loaded€the€weapon€and€pointed€it€at€Lakisha.Ð „ ÐÌ€€à  àLakisha€testified€that€when€the€defendant€pointed€a€shotgun€at€her,€the€victim€steppedÐ DÀ Ðbetween€her€and€the€weapon.€€She€entered€her€home€and€then€heard€a€gunshot.€€She€did€not€see€theÐ $  Ðweapon€discharge.Ð € ÐÌà  àThe€victim€then€testified.€€He€stated€that€the€defendant€began€to€curse€and€threaten€him€whenÐ Ä@ Ðhe€arrived€home.€€The€defendant€simulated€drawing€a€weapon€and€shooting€the€victim.€€The€victimÐ ¤  Ðthen€picked€up€a€ball€bat€from€the€yard€and€began€approaching€the€defendant.€€He€testified€that€theÐ „!  Ðdefendant€yelled€for€John,€who€brought€the€defendant€a€shotgun€from€a€car€trunk.€The€defendantÐ d#à" Ðloaded€it€and€pointed€it€at€Lakisha.€€The€victim€stepped€between€Lakisha€and€the€weapon€and€toldÐ D%À!$ Ðhis€daughter€to€leave.€€The€victim€then€retreated€into€his€house€because€he€feared€being€shot.€€LikeÐ $' #& ÐLakisha,€the€victim€did€not€see€the€subsequent€discharge.€€On€cross„examination,€the€victim€statedÐ )€%( Ðthat€the€investigating€officers€found€neither€a€spent€shell€casing€nor€any€shotgun€pellets.Ð ä*`'* Їà  àSandra€Taylor,€the€victimððs€wife,€€testified€that€she€arrived€home€before€the€victim.€€As€sheÐ „ Ðexited€her€car€in€the€driveway,€the€defendant€called€her€several€obscenities€and€threatened€her.€€SheÐ dà Ðtook€her€children€into€the€house€and€left€to€find€her€husband.€€When€passing€the€defendant,€sheÐ DÀ Ðconcluded€that€he€had€been€drinking€intoxicants.€€After€the€defendant€brandished€the€shotgun,€sheÐ $   Ðfled€to€a€neighborððs€house€to€call€the€police€and€heard,€but€did€not€see,€the€shotgun€discharge.Ô#†¼ëD»XXþ£}#ÔÔ‡Xþ£X»¼ëDԀР € Ðà  àÌà  àThe€defendant€was€originally€charged€with€disorderly€conduct,€a€Class€A€misdemeanor,€andÐ Ä@  Ðtwo€counts€of€aggravated€assault,€a€Class€C€felonyÔ#†¼ëD»XXþ£×#ÔÔ‡Xþ£X»¼ëDÔ.€€He€was€found€guilty€of€disorderly€conduct,€ofÐ ¤  Ðmisdemeanor€assault€as€a€lesser„€included€offense€of€one€aggravated€assault€charge,€and€of€the€instantÐ „ Ðreckless€endangerment€as€a€lesser„included€offense€of€the€remaining€aggravated€assault€charge.€€€€Ð dà Ѐ€Ð DÀ Ðò òÓ  ÓAnalysisó óÐ $  ÐÌòòò òSufficiency€of€the€evidenceó óóóÐ ä` ÐÓWÓÌà  àÔ#†¼ëD»XXþ£ç#ÔÔ‡Xþ£X»¼ëDÔThe€defendant€was€convicted€of€reckless€endangerment:Ð ¤  ÐÓ XÓÓ XÓÓ$”,È’X°œX$Óà0 4 àà  à(a)€A€person€commits€an€offense€who€recklessly€engages€in€conduct€which€places€orÐ „!  Ðmay€place€another€person€in€imminent€danger€of€death€or€serious€bodily€injury.Ðd#à"4Ð 4Ð  Ðà0 4 àà  à(b)à044Ð 4Ð àReckless€endangerment€is€a€Class€A€misdemeanor;€however,€recklessÐ D%À!$ Ðendangerment€committed€with€a€deadly€weapon€is€a€Class€E€felony.Ð$' #&4Ð 4Ð  ÐÓ Xw ÓÓ Xi ÓTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„13„103(a)„(b).€€The€defendant€asserts€that€insufficient€evidence€supported€theÐ )€%( Ðverdict€against€him€because€none€of€the€witnesses€testified€that€they€saw€the€shotgun€being€fired€andÐ ä*`'* Ðbecause€the€state€did€not€prove€that€he€fired€the€weapon.€€Further,€the€defendant€asserts€that,€evenÐ „ Ðif€he€fired€the€weapon,€no€evidence€establishes€that€the€shotgun€was€fired€at€the€victim.€€Ð dà ÐÌà Ü àà  àWhen€a€defendant€challenges€the€sufficiency€of€the€evidence€supporting€the€verdict€againstÐ $   Ðhim,€ò òó óÔ‡XŒoXXXþ£Ôour€standard€of€review€is€whether,€after€reviewing€the€evidence€in€a€light€most€favorable€to€theÐ  € Ðprosecution,€any€rational€trier€of€fact€could€have€found€the€essential€elements€of€the€crime€beyondÐ  €  Ða€reasonable€doubt.€€òòSeeóó€òòJackson€v.€Virginiaóó,€99€S.Ct.€2781,€2789€(1979).€€Questions€concerning€theÐ ÜX  Ðcredibility€of€the€witnesses,€the€weight€and€value€to€be€given€the€evidence€as€well€as€all€factual€issuesÐ ´0  Ðraised€by€the€evidence,€are€resolved€by€the€trier€of€fact,€not€this€Court.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Tuttleóó,€914Ð Œ ÐS.W.2d€926,€932€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1995).€€Nor€may€this€Court€reweigh€or€re„evaluate€the€evidence.€Ð dà ÐòòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Cabbageóó,€571€S.W.2d€832,€835€(Tenn.€1978).€€On€appeal,€the€state€is€entitled€to€theÐ <¸ Ðstrongest€legitimate€view€of€the€evidence€and€all€inferences€therefrom.€€òòId.óó€€Because€a€verdict€of€guiltÐ  Ðremoves€the€presumption€of€innocence€and€replaces€it€with€a€presumption€of€guilt,€the€accused€hasÐ ìh Ðthe€burden€of€illustrating€to€this€Court€why€the€evidence€is€insufficient€to€support€the€verdict€returnedÐ Ä@ Ðby€the€trier€of€fact.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Tuggleóó,€639€S.W.2d€913,€914€(Tenn.€1982).Ô#†Xþ£XXXŒo %#ÔÔ#†¼ëD»XXþ£ #ÔÔ‡Xþ£X»¼ëDÔÐ œ ÐÓ XÓÐ tð ÐIn€part,€the€defendant€alleges€that€his€conviction€can€not€stand€because€neither€eyewitnessÐ T!Ð  Ðtestimony€nor€physical€evidence€established€the€direction€of€the€discharge.€€We€disagree.€€If€suchÐ 4#°" Ðevidence€established€that€the€weapon€was€fired€at€the€victim€and€not€in€the€air€or€some€otherÐ %!$ Ðdirection,€then€that€evidence€clearlyÔ#†¼ëD»XXþ£®*#ÔÔ‡Xþ£X»¼ëDÔ€would€support€a€reckless€endangerment€conviction.€€WeÐ ô&p#& Ðconclude,€however,€that€the€defendantððs€firing€the€weapon€was€not€necessarily€requisite€toÐ Ô(P%( Ðconviction.€€Ð ´*0'* ЇThe€statute€requires€that€a€defendantððs€actions€constitute€a€reasonable€probability€of€injury,Ð „ Ðbeyond€firing€a€weapon€into€the€air€or€into€a€tree€top.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Foxóó,€947€S.W.2d€865,€866€(Tenn.Ð dà ÐCrim.€App.€1996)(ð ðMerely€discharging€a€weapon,€standing€alone,€is€not€sufficient€to€constituteÐ DÀ Ðcommission€of€reckless€endangerment.ðð);€òòseeóó€òòalsoóó€òòState€v.€Culbertsonóó,€No.€03C01„9412„CR„00449Ð $   Ð(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€filed€Aug.€30,€1995,€at€Knoxville)€(similar€holding€when€defendant€fired€weaponÐ  € Ðinto€ceiling).€€Thus,€to€constitute€the€offense€of€reckless€endangerment,€those€actions€must€endangerÐ ä `  Ða€person€or€persons€in€a€particular€defined€area,€a€ð ðzone€of€danger.ðð€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Payneóó,€7€S.W.3dÐ Ä@  Ð25,€28€(Tenn.€1999).€€For€example,€this€Court€has€determined€that€a€defendantððs€shooting€a€dogÐ ¤  Ðacross€a€street€at€night,€when€that€dog€was€fifteen€to€twenty€feet€from€the€victim,€was€within€theÐ „ Ðvicinity€of€the€victim€and€constituted€the€requisite€danger.€€òòSeeóó€òòState.€v.€Steven€Willard€Selfóó,€No.Ð dà Ð03C01„9807„CR„002€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€filed€July€30,€1999,€at€Knoxville).Ð DÀ ÐÐ $  ÐThe€issue€of€our€statuteððs€imminence€requirement,€crucial€to€this€analysis,€is€demonstratedÐ € Ðby€contrast€with€the€analogous€Model€Penal€Code€section:Ð ä` ÐÓ XÓÓ XÓÓ XÓA€person€commits€a€misdemeanor€if€he€recklessly€engages€in€conduct€which€placesÐ Ä@ Ðor€may€place€another€in€danger€of€death€or€serious€bodily€injury.€€Recklessness€andÐ ¤  Ðdanger€shall€be€presumed€where€a€person€knowingly€points€a€firearm€at€or€in€theÐ „!  Ðdirection€of€another,€whether€or€not€the€actor€believed€the€firearm€to€be€loaded.Ð d#à" ÐÓ X×3ÓÓ XÉ3ÓÓ X»3ÓÓ XÓModel€Penal€Code€ðð€211.2.€€As€noted€by€the€Supreme€Court€in€the€òòPayneóó€opinion,€the€relevant€CodeÐ D%À!$ Ðrequires€something€above€the€òòmere€possibilityóó€of€danger,€and€the€state€must€establish€òòimminentóóÐ $' #& Ðâ âthreat.€€òòSeeóó€òòPayneóó,€7€S.W.3d€at€28.€€For€purposes€of€the€statute,€ð ðimminentðð€is€that€which€is:Ð )€%( ÐÓ X±5ÓÓ XÓÓ XÓÓ XÓNear€at€hand;€mediate€rather€than€immediate;€.€.€.€impending;€on€the€point€ofÐ „ Ðâ âhappening;€threatening;€menacing;€perilous.€€Something€which€is€threatening€toÐ dà Ðhappen€at€once,€something€close€at€hand,€something€to€happen€upon€on€the€instant,Ð DÀ Ðclose€although€not€yet€touching,€and€on€the€point€of€happening.Ð $   ÐÓ X]7ÓÓ Xk7ÓÓ Xy7ÓÓ XÓBlackððs€Law€Dictionary€750€(6òòthóó€ed.€1990),€òòquotedóó€òòinóó€òòPayneóó,€7€S.W.3d€at€28).Ð  € ÐÓ XF9ÓÐ ä `  ÐWhen€we€contrast€the€relevant€subsections€of€the€aggravated€assault€statute,€the€originalÐ Ä@  Ðcharge,€and€the€reckless€endangerment€statute,€òòseeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðððð€39„13„102(a)(1)(B),€„103(a)„Ð ¤  Ð(b),€we€discern€three€significant€differences.€€First,€the€mens€rea€€is€ð ðintentionalðð€or€ð ðknowingðð€forÐ „ Ðthe€former€and€ð ðrecklessðð€under€the€latter.€€Second,€the€state€legislature€has€classified€the€relevantÐ dà Ðaggravated€assault€as€a€Class€C€felony,€whereas€the€instant€reckless€endangerment€constitutes€a€ClassÐ DÀ ÐE€felony.Ô#†¼ëD»XXþ£¦,#ÔÔ‡Xþ£X»¼ëDÔ€€Finally,€€one€may€commit€reckless€endangerment€without€the€victim€realizing€the€threat,Ð $  Ðwhereas,€under€the€relevant€subsections€of€the€aggravated€assault€statute€the€victim€must€apprehendÐ € Ðand€fear€the€imminent€harm.€€Ô#†¼ëD»XXþ£–<#ÔÔ‡Xþ£X»¼ëDÔThe€reckless€endangerment€statute€therefore€forbids€and€punishesÐ ä` Ðactivities€that€society€views€as€dangerous,€independent€from€a€victim's€characterization€or€evenÐ Ä@ Ðperception€of€the€threat.€€We€conclude€that€the€defendantððs€wielding€the€shotgun€in€this€caseÐ ¤  Ðconstituted€such€an€activity.Ð „!  ÐÐ d#à" Ѐ€Comparable€with€reckless€endangerment,€certain€simple€assaults€and€aggravated€assaultsÐ D%À!$ Ðrequire€imminence,€in€the€context€of€the€victimððs€reasonable€fear€of€bodily€injury,€òòseeóó€Tenn.€CodeÐ $' #& ÐAnn.€ðððð€39„13„101(a)(2),€ð!ð102.€€Display€of€a€firearm€in€a€threatening€context,€even€without€theÐ )€%( Ðweapon€actually€being€pointed€at€a€victim,€has€been€found€sufficiently€indicative€of€imminence€toÐ ä*`'* Ðsupport€a€conviction€for€aggravated€assault.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Christopher€Max€Hallóó,€No.€M1998„00180„Ð „ ÐCCA„R3„CD€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€filed€March€23,€2000,€at€Nashville);€òòState€v.€Gregory€Whitfieldóó,€No.Ð dà Ð02C01„9706„CR„00226€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€filed€May€8,€1998,€at€Jackson).€€In€the€instant€case,€theÐ DÀ Ðtestimony€established€that€the€defendant,€in€a€heated€argument€and€apparently€after€consumingÐ $   Ðintoxicants,€loaded€a€firearm€and€pointed€it€at€a€minor.€€He€kept€the€weapon€pointed€at€her€father,€theÐ  € Ðvictim,€when€that€victim€put€himself€between€the€muzzle€of€the€weapon€and€his€daughter.€€Then,€asÐ ä `  Ðthe€victim€fled,€the€weapon€was€discharged.€€Further,€the€weapon€was€a€shotgun,€a€firearm€thatÐ Ä@  Ðgenerally€fires€multiple€projectiles€in€a€roughly€circular€pattern€at€short€distances,€like€the€shortÐ ¤  Ðdistance€involved€in€the€instant€case.€€€At€short€range,€this€weapon€requires€a€less€precise€targetingÐ „ Ðthan€other€conventional€firearms€and€is€especially€lethal.€€One€short€stroke€of€a€trigger,€in€anger€orÐ dà Ðin€accident,€would€have€sent€the€projectiles€at€the€victim.€€Such€a€situation€and€its€dire€consequencesÐ DÀ Ðwere€imminent€and€on€the€very€edge€of€occurrence.€€Under€these€circumstances,€such€threat€can€notÐ $  Ðbe€condoned€in€our€society€and,€we€conclude,€falls€under€the€breadth€of€this€statute.€€Therefore,€theÐ € Ðevidence€was€sufficient€to€prove€the€offense€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt.׃×Ý ƒ #ÃÝòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×Ð ä` ÐòòóóÐ Ä@ ÐÓ XÓà Ü àà  àThe€defendantððs€arguments€also€imply€that€John€Russell,€his€friend€who€brought€him€theÐ ¤  Ðshotgun,€actually€fired€that€weapon.€€Since€firing€of€the€weapon€was€not€requisite€to€conviction,€ourÐ „!  Ðanalysis€disposes€of€this€particular€concern,€but€we€note€the€evidence€in€the€record:€After€makingÐ d#à" Ðgestures€of€firing€an€imaginary€weapon€at€the€Taylors,€the€defendant€requested€the€weapon,€loadedÐ „ Ðit€himself,€pointed€it€at€Lakisha€and€Irving€Taylor,€and,€as€the€family€members€fled,€the€weaponÐ dà Ðdischarged.€€A€rational€trier€of€fact€could€conclude,€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt,€that€the€defendantÐ DÀ Ðfired€the€weapon.Ô#†¼ëD»XXþ£Û=#ÔÔ‡Xþ£X»¼ëDÔÐ $   ÐÓDÓÌà @4 àà @` àà @Œ àò òCONCLUSIONó óÐ ä `  ÐÓžKÓÓ XNHÓÐ Ä@  ÐWe€affirm€the€conviction€from€the€trial€court.Ô#†¼ëD»XXþ£jK#ÔÓ( °œX”,È’X… (Óòòò òó óóóÐ ¤  ÐÐ „ ÐÐ ´0 ÐÐ ä` Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àÔ‡Xþ£X»¼ëDÔ___________________________________Ð  Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àJOHN€EVERETT€WILLIAMS,€JUDGEÔ#†¼ëD»XXþ£PM#Ô