ÿWPC( ¨NoÍÏ (Ô럞g6‰Õ³€HÉñø˜<›åeMûe„Ué÷,V‡s°@ï«O1§­U\ˆ®aQhüOõûYü²;Áeu„ZOíéî±[/Y²q#¶™ädŠE@B%NFœ¦­s…[P¶ÖñÓxwzpSßgÊ}¹Ãrs£$­ÿ;™ºFl³|2=T1w.ÛI"†KS9^Ÿ®A¾§TŽ0¸+Žæg±áª‹ÌÛ¨ö{†FZt }o2ñëÞÁ½c"¹Æ?G"B”¾lÇq DÆ« ë¨?EÛQûßæHá½ñZ_ü¦Tö*po*ÄF¢ì§”3<Ú§ ЮFR9‘ë³ß„üÆÓ›Š©«¹Ä¼ÇÈ Ðö æcÔ˜{/LÁ ³–Ž„¥{© \#Ð혰+7@ÅÕ~XòºÂÒ‹¶ÇQ×UO0ÈŒ]¼ ” #6/Ö >® h³U)ù#(FNP‹ö–ð¥#WÒªaJ¢ÿ’|«Uÿâ²G°Š¶_ƒEÝÞ3w!h»(¢¤`3îÐ˾ÜžE_ñ:é§â²!ÿ`Bè¼Ö;ek=‹Šä} §i³38«ŽÎªw–w¾ÆVõÆ`³…0X²a”ž 80,'_–Ç î/ßd"ob#Á\ % # 0ˆ+ UN³ ^  w z Ò‹ 4] q € m‚ Æ™ Æ_ Æ% Æë f±NEb 0ë#### B 0¤+ D5Ï D- 0K11 AS|ÆÏ 0¤• 0D9 A«}˜HP LaserJet 4050ÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈ0» (`£ª$¡¡Ñ€.ÑÑ8€½­»»d»»d8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  Ó(í€"  Z6Times New Roman Regulara£H+â  ˜C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wptyG*ê:i¢Ø+003|xÿU‹ÿÀÀÀLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5‚Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5„Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5…Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5 \Ñ\R3Ø' Letter\Ñ- ù-(|G2¿y$¤¤Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€Rå»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  ÚóóÔ€ôÿ­ò»»Ô d(|3G‘$££Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€Rå»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝVVVV)ÿÿ!dxdx)!ÈÈÈÈdxdx( ±þ$’’ò òFigure€Ú  Ú1Ú  Úó ó^_X`YEþÿ<<CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(|3G‘$¢¢Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€Rå»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó óX[Z&OLE 2.0 Box <=8ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿCÿÿ HKKKKÝ ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€Rå»»ddÈ8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÑ  ÑÑ  ÑÔ€¼Rå»»»ÔÑ8€IXXdì»»d8ÑÑ€³/Ñà@ttìàÔ‡îPÄRåÔIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEˆÐ ° Ðà@WW$ìàAT€KNOXVILLEÔ#†¼Rå»îîPÄ#ԈРÖ& ÐÓ  Óà @ àà @` àAssigned€on€Briefs€July€25,€2001Ð üL ÐÔ‡XIX»¼RåÔÌò òÔ#†¼Rå»XXI/#ÔSTATE€OF€TENNESSEEòòóó€v.€CARL€F.€Ô_ÔNEERÔ_ÔòòóóÔ‡XIX»¼RåÔó óÐ úJ ÐÌà@@½½ìàò òAppeal€from€the€Criminal€Court€for€Anderson€CountyÐ ú J Ðà@@øøìàNo.€99CR0252€€€€€€James€B.€Scott,€Jr.,€JudgeÐ æ 6 ÐÌÌà@@ìì*ìàßA€V) °°` d€÷E<©` AßÐ ªú  ÐÌà@@TTìàNo.€E2000„02791„CCA„R3„CDÐ ¥õ  ÐOctober€8,€Ô_Ô2001Ô_ÔÐ ‘á  ÐßA€V) °°` dE<|` AßÐ }Í  Ðó óÌÓ  ÓThe€defendant,€Carl€F.€Ô_ÔNeerÔ_Ô,€pleaded€guilty€in€the€Anderson€County€Criminal€Court€to€a€fourth„Ð xÈ  Ðoffense€possession€of€marijuana,€a€Schedule€VI€controlled€substance,€and€attempted€to€appeal€aÐ d´ Ðcertified€question€of€law.€€Because€we€are€constrained€to€conclude€that€he€has€not€properly€presentedÐ P  Ðhis€certified€question,€we€dismiss€the€appeal.Ô#†¼Rå»XXIÃ#ÔÔ‡XIX»¼RåÔ€€Ð <Œ ÐÓóÓÌò òTenn.€R.€App.€P.€3;€Judgment€of€the€Criminal€Court€Affirmed;€Appeal€Dismissed.ó óÐ d ÐÌòòÓ  ÓÔ#†¼Rå»àXIÐ#ÔÔ‡XIX.¼RåÔJames€Ô_ÔCurwoodÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔWittÔ_Ô,€Jr.,€J.óó,€delivered€the€opinion€of€the€court,€in€which€òòThomas€T.€Ô_ÔWoodallÔ_ÔóóÐ ì< Ðand€òòRobert€W.€Ô_ÔWedemeyerÔ_Ô,€JJ.óó,€joined.Ð Ø( ÐÌAnn€D.€Ô_ÔKressÔ_Ô€Coria,€Clinton,€Tennessee,€for€the€Appellant,€Carl€F.€Ô_ÔNeerÔ_Ô.Ð ° ÐÌPaul€G.€Summers,€Attorney€General€&€Reporter;€Elizabeth€B.€Ô_ÔMarneyÔ_Ô,€Assistant€Attorney€General;€Ð ˆØ ÐJames€N.€Ramsey,€District€Attorney€General;€and€Jan€Hicks,€Assistant€District€Attorney€General,Ð tÄ Ðfor€the€Appellee,€State€of€Tennessee.Ð `° ÐÓ„ÓÌà@@OO&ìàò òOPINIONó óÔ#†¼Rå»XXI³#ÔÔ‡XIX»¼RåÔÐ 8!ˆ  ÐÌòòóóÔ#†¼Rå»XXI? #ÔÓ  ÓÔ€XIX»¼RåÔà  àà ` àOn€October€6,€2000,€the€defendant€and€the€state€filed€a€plea€agreement€in€which€theÐ #`" Ðdefendant€accepted€a€Range€I,€two„year€Ô_ÔincarcerativeÔ_Ô€sentence€in€exchange€for€the€dismissal€of€threeÐ ü#L# Ðother€drug„related€counts€in€the€indictment.€€The€agreement€also€provided,Ð è$8 $ ÐÌÒ` °ÒÒ` °ÒThis€plea€is€entered€reserving€the€following€certified€question€of€law:Ð À&"& Ðwhether€evidence€gathered€as€a€result€of€a€search€warrant€should€haveÐ ¬'ü"' Ðbeen€suppressed[.€Ô_ÔI]fÔ_Ô€this€evidence€were€suppressed,€the€State€wouldÐ ˜(è#( Ðnot€have€proof€for€trial.€€The€specifics€regarding€the€certified€questionÐ „)Ô$) Ðof€law€have€been€set€forth€in€paperwork€filed€and€entered€with€theÐ p*À%* ÐCourt€this€day€[,€October€6,€2000].Ð \+¬&+ ÐÌÒ°` ÒÒ°` ÒÓÓÐ 4-„(-ý ÐÔ_ÔÓÓThe€only€other€ð ðpaperworkðð€filed€on€October€6,€2000€relative€to€the€conviction€offense€was€theÐ ° Ðconviction€judgment.€€It€set€forth€the€terms€of€the€conviction€and€sentence€and,€regarding€the€certifiedÐ œì Ðquestion€reservation,€stated,€ð ðThis€plea€is€entered€reserving€the€following€certified€question€of€law:Ð ˆØ ÐWhether€evidence€gathered€as€a€result€of€the€search€warrant€should€have€been€suppressed;€if€evidenceÐ tÄ Ðwere€suppressed€the€State€would€not€have€proof€for€trial.ðð€€There€was€no€reference€to€otherÐ `° Ðð ðpaperworkðð€in€the€judgment.Ð L œ ÐÌà  àà ` àOn€October€10,€2000,€the€defendant€filed€his€notice€of€appeal€to€this€court.€€Then€onÐ $ t ÐOctober€16,€2000,€the€trial€court€executed€and€entered€an€order€which€approved€an€appeal€of€theÐ  ` Ðfollowing€certified€question€of€law:Ð ü L  ÐÌÒ` °ÒÒ` °ÒOn€or€about€December€29,€1999,€the€Defendant€filed€a€Motion€toÐ Ô$  ÐSuppress€drugs€that€were€seized€from€the€Defendantððs€residence,€onÐ À  Ðthe€basis€that€the€search€and€seizure€was€unreasonable€and€illegal,€inÐ ¬ü  Ðviolation€of€the€Fourth€Amendment€to€the€United€States€ConstitutionÐ ˜è  Ðand€Section€7€of€.€.€.€Article€1€of€the€Tennessee€Constitution,€as€wellÐ „Ô  Ðas€statutes€and€laws€of€Tennessee.€€The€seizure€of€these€drugs€resultedÐ pÀ Ðin€the€instant€charges€of€which€Defendant€stands€accused.€Ð \¬ ÐSpecifically,€Defendant€contended€that€the€search€was€conducted€withÐ H˜ Ðan€illegal€search€warrant,€and€that€the€affiant€made€a€false€statement,Ð 4„ Ðeither€recklessly€or€intentionally€to€deceive€the€Court,€in€the€searchÐ  p Ðwarrant€affidavit€such€that€the€affidavit€is€insufficient€to€supportÐ  \ Ðprobable€cause€and/or€the€affidavit€is€void.Ð øH ÐÌÒ°` ÒÒ°` ÒThe€order€recounted€the€trial€courtððs€denial€of€the€suppression€motion€and€acknowledged€that€theÐ Ð  Ðdefendant€reserved€a€certified€question€of€law€as€part€of€his€plea€agreement,€that€the€trial€court€andÐ ¼  Ðthe€state€agreed€to€the€reservation,€and€that€the€court,€the€defendant,€and€the€state€agreed€that€theÐ ¨ø Ðcertified€question€of€law€would€be€dispositive€of€the€case.€€€The€order€was€signed€by€counsel€for€bothÐ ”ä Ðthe€defendant€and€the€state.€€Ð €Ð ÐÌà  àà ` àThe€record€supporting€the€reservation€of€the€certified€question€of€law€consists€of€theÐ X ¨ Ðabove€elements.€€The€record€also€contains€a€transcript€of€the€suppression€hearing,€to€which€isÐ D!” Ðexhibited€the€authenticated€search€warrant€and€affidavit€that€was€the€subject€of€the€suppressionÐ 0"€  Ðmotion.€Ð #l! ÐÌà  àà ` àRegarding€the€defendantððs€attempt€to€reserve€a€certified€question€of€law€pursuant€toÐ ô$D # ÐTennessee€Rule€of€Criminal€Procedure€37(b)(2)(i),€this€case€must€be€added€to€the€growing€heap€ofÐ à%0!$ Ðappellate€fatalities€that€have€resulted€when€would„be€appellants€failed€to€heed€the€òòPreston„Ð Ì&"% ÐPendergrassóó€litany€of€requirements€for€certified„question€appeals.€€In€òòState€v.€Pendergrassóó,€ourÐ ¸'#& Ðsupreme€court€ð ðemphasizedðð€that:Ð ¤(ô#' ÐÌÒ` °ÒÒ` °Ò[r]egardless€of€what€appeared€in€prior€petitions,€orders,€colloquy€inÐ |*Ì%) Ðopen€court€or€otherwise,€the€final€order€or€judgment€from€which€theÐ h+¸&* Ðѳ/Ñâ âÑTRY,3Ø' LetterXà3Ø' Letter 3Ø' Letterÿ3Ø'TÑâ âÑ  Ñtime€begins€to€run€to€pursue€a€T.R.A.P.€3€appeal€òòmust€contain€aÐ ° Ðstatement€of€the€dispositive€certified€question€of€law€reservedóó€byÐ œì Ðdefendant€for€appellate€review€and€the€question€of€law€must€be€òòstatedÐ ˆØ Ðso€as€to€clearly€identify€the€scope€and€the€limits€of€the€legal€issueÐ tÄ Ðreservedóó.€€For€example,€where€questions€of€law€involve€the€validityÐ `° Ðof€searches€and€the€admissibility€of€statements€and€confessions,€etc.,Ð L œ Ðthe€reasons€relied€upon€by€defendant€in€the€trial€court€at€theÐ 8 ˆ Ðsuppression€hearing€must€be€identified€in€the€statement€of€theÐ $ t Ðcertified€question€of€law€and€review€by€the€appellate€courts€will€beÐ  ` Ðlimited€to€those€passed€upon€by€the€trial€judge€and€state€in€theÐ ü L  Ðcertified€question,€absent€a€constitutional€requirement€otherwise.€Ð è 8  ÐWithout€an€explicit€statement€of€the€certified€question,€neither€theÐ Ô$  Ðdefendant,€the€State€nor€the€trial€judge€can€make€a€meaningfulÐ À  Ðdetermination€of€whether€the€issue€is€dispositive€of€the€case.€.€.€.€Ð ¬ü  ÐAlso,€the€order€must€state€that€the€certified€question€was€expresslyÐ ˜è  Ðreserved€as€part€of€the€plea€agreement,€that€the€State€and€the€trialÐ „Ô  Ðjudge€consented€to€the€reservation€and€that€the€State€and€the€trialÐ pÀ Ðjudge€are€of€the€opinion€that€the€question€is€dispositive€of€the€case.€Ð \¬ ÐOf€course,€the€burden€is€on€defendant€to€see€that€the€record€broughtÐ H˜ Ðto€the€appellate€court€contains€all€of€the€proceedings€below€that€bearÐ 4„ Ðupon€whether€the€certified€question€of€law€is€dispositive€and€theÐ  p Ðmerits€of€the€question€certified.€€€No€issue€beyond€the€scope€of€theÐ  \ Ðcertified€question€will€be€considered.Ð øH ÐÌÒ°` ÒÒ°` ÒòòState€v.€Pendergrassóó,€937€S.W.2d€834,€836„37€(Tenn.€1996)€(quoting€òòState€v.€Prestonóó,€759€S.W.2dÐ Ð  Ð647,€650€(Tenn.€1988))€(emphasis€supplied€in€òòPendergrassóó);€òòsee€State€v.€Lillie€Fran€Fergusonóó,€No.Ð ¼  ÐW2000„01687„CCA„R3„CD,€slip€op.€at€4„5€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,€Jackson,€Apr.€27,€2001)€(lamentingÐ ¨ø Ðgeneral,€widespread€failure€to€comply€with€òòPreston„Pendergrassóó€and€citing€cases€in€which€court€ofÐ ”ä Ðcriminal€appeals€has€dismissed€certified„question€appeals).Ð €Ð ÐÌà  àà ` àIn€the€present€case,€the€trial€courtððs€judgment€of€conviction€arguably€containsÐ X ¨ Ðaffirmations€that€the€certified€question€ð ðwas€expressly€reserved€as€part€of€the€plea€agreementðð€andÐ D!” Ðthat€the€parties€and€the€trial€judge€were€ð ðof€the€opinion€that€the€question€is€dispositive€of€the€case.ðð€Ð 0"€  ЀAlso,€the€consent€of€the€parties€and€of€the€trial€court€to€the€reservation€of€the€certified€question€isÐ #l! Ðarguably€inferred€from€the€signatures€of€the€assistant€district€attorney€general€and€counsel€for€theÐ $X" Ðdefendant€and€the€effectuating€signature€of€the€trial€judge.€€On€the€other€hand,€the€judgment€fails€toÐ ô$D # Ðarticulate€the€scope€of€the€certified€question€and€ð ðthe€limits€of€the€legal€issue€reserved.ðð€€It€states€noÐ à%0!$ Ðð ðreasons€relied€upon€by€defendant€in€the€trial€court€at€the€suppression€hearing.ðð€€Ð Ì&"% ÐÌà  àà ` àFailure€to€identify€the€scope€of€the€certified€question€is€fatal€to€the€Rule€37(b)(2)(i)Ð ¤(ô#' Ðappeal.€€òòState€v.€Calvin€T.€Barhamóó,€No.€W2000„00871„CCA„R3„CD,€slip€op.€at€2„3€(Tenn.€Crim.Ð )à$( ÐApp.,€Jackson,€May€15,€2001)€òòpet.€for€perm.€app.€filedóó€(Tenn.€July€11,€2001);€òòState€v.€Danny€HaroldÐ |*Ì%) ÐOgleóó,€No.€E2000„00421„CCA„R3„CD,€slip€op.€at€3„4€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,€Knoxville,€Jan.€17,€2001),Ð h+¸&* Ðòòperm.€app.€deniedóó€(Tenn.€2001).€€To€be€sure,€the€final€judgment€may€accomplish€the€purpose€of€fullyÐ ° Ðstating€the€certified€question€by€incorporating€into€the€judgment€the€terms€of€another€document€byÐ œì Ðmaking€reference€to€that€document.€€òòLillie€Fran€Fergusonóó,€slip€op.€at€3;€òòState€v.€Andrea€McCrawóó,Ð ˆØ ÐNo.€03C01„9903„CR„00106,€slip€op.€at€4€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,€Knoxville,€Mar.€7,€2000)€òòperm.€app.Ð tÄ Ðdeniedóó€(Tenn.€2000).€€The€judgment€in€the€present€case,€however,€fails€to€refer€to€or€incorporate€theÐ `° ÐOctober€16€order€or€any€other€order€or€document.€€Ð L œ ÐÌà  àà ` àMoreover,€we€may€not€treat€the€October€16,€2000€order€as€an€amendment€of€the€finalÐ $ t Ðjudgment.€€The€notice€of€appeal€to€this€court€was€filed€before€October€16,€2000.€€Once€a€timelyÐ  ` Ðnotice€of€appeal€has€been€filed,€ð ðthe€trial€court€loses€jurisdiction.ðð€€òòPendergrassóó,€937€S.W.2d€at€837.€òòóóÐ ü L  Ðð ðOnce€the€trial€court€loses€jurisdiction,€it€generally€has€no€power€to€amend€its€judgment.ðð€€òòIdóó.€€InÐ è 8  Ðeffect,€the€October€16€order€is€a€nullity.€€òòSee€idóó.;€òòCalvin€T.€Barhamóó,€slip€op.€at€2„3.€€€Moreover,Ð Ô$  Ðð ðjurisdiction€to€modify€a€final€judgment€cannot€be€grounded€upon€waiver€or€agreement€by€theÐ À  Ðparties.ðð€€òòState€v.€Mooreóó,€814€S.W.2d€381,€383€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1991);€òòState€v.€Wilkesóó,€684Ð ¬ü  ÐS.W.2d€663,€667€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1984).€€Ð ˜è  ÐÌà  àà ` àThis€court€has€stressed€that€the€òòPreston„Pendergrassóó€requirements€are€jurisdictional.€Ð pÀ ÐòòDanny€Harold€Ogleóó,€slip€op.€at€4.€€ð ðFailure€to€properly€reserve€a€certified€question€of€law€pursuantÐ \¬ Ðto€òòPrestonóó€will€result€in€the€dismissal€of€the€appeal.ðð€€òòCalvin€T.€Barhamóó,€slip€op.€at€2.€Ð H˜ ÐÌà  àà ` àBased€upon€the€strictures€governing€certified„question€appeals€as€mandated€by€ourÐ  p Ðsupreme€court€and€repeatedly€explained€and€applied€by€this€court,€and€based€upon€the€defendantððsÐ  \ Ðfailure€to€comply€with€those€strictures,€we€dismiss€the€appeal.€€€Ð øH ÐÌ€€Ð Ð  ÐÌà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à___________________________________€Ð ¨ø Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àJAMES€CURWOOD€WITT,€JR.,€JUDGE