ÿWPC qp§ñ“œ^Hq’M¡ IqPîÅé/R¿J ôµ{ѧºq§ºw>|d\l›Â˜„ùö>7x„@«S÷cÕ˜ q­ÎõyÔ«bÓа8@¯EÒz½ºnbe'¶¸ã ø È,³öÏnü:/ÚN¡FÛerá:TXJ‹Ô3Ëi$Dœµ)Þ­{?&z¾q´£P•}×Â`IZ ]TÉl«‡]Ž dô°:ë9mQÙ¬âvMÖ#›l‰[‡Yau5s‰9†F \n,•$ÏšVK¨¢²™­+Ê ÜF}UlÛÇËrû<ž'Ù­b™_µ%C1D:râÄ…,‚‚Ƽ¬lö ‹¼IHmxg¦S?¤˜f›â€=ƒoë3Pìüó„`ªHCtd€Ú››æŸVÐÚˆ pHÁÿÓ…4pªºh“‚p×Z‡ORw.³CòïÏù“N GdzöŸâŒ)­þêûŸÎQ M×Ù²ñã ‚pëõ†q¿'q½,¯ºá7§íɵ8‹Ž-5,â‹[¥|ÕW·ƒŠˆV¤í6±žƒ_ ÿ´j$}?á%~zǶp.äÑåÎdž|æS¬Ô9º…˦B•bƒå´@ÝfÐà ¶ÖbÉ%`L¤"ò·ªùùb#Á\ % ^ # 0ˆ/ UN· w 4 z Ò— i x mz ‘ Æ™ Æ_ Æ% Æë UN±NÿÿÿEb 0ë     Böö 0¤ D5· D-ì 0K ASdÆ· 0¤} 0D! A«e˜HP LaserJet 4000 Series PCL 6ÈÈ,,,,ÈÈ0»x©H-s (`£ª$¡¡Ñ€.ÑÑ8€½­»»d»»d8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  Ó(í€"  Z6Times New Roman RegularüPH,.bk © ˜C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wpt3|xÿU‹ÿÀÀÀ Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5‚Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5„Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5…Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(ÖÃ9 Z‹6Times New Roman Regular- ù-(|G2Š$¤¤Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€O•»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  ÚóóÔ€ôî­ò»»Ô d(|3‡†$££Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€O•»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝVVVV)ÿÿ!dxdx)!ÈÈÈÈdxdx( ±þ$’’ò òFigure€Ú  Ú1Ú  Úó ó^_X`YEþÿ<<CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(|3‡†$¢¢Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€O•»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó óX[Z&OLE 2.0 Box <=8ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿCÿÿ HKKKKÝ ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€O•»»ddÈ8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÑ  ÑÑ  ÑÔ€¼O•»»»ÔÑ8€ùXXdì»»d8Ñà@ttìàÔ‡îC¤î»¼O•ÔIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEˆÐ ° Ðà@kk$ìàAT€NASHVILLEÔ#†¼O•»îîC¤ #ԈРÖ& ÐÓ  Óà @ àà @` àAssigned€on€Briefs€September€18,€2002Ð üL ÐÔ‡XùX»¼O•ÔÌò òÔ#†¼O•»XXù##ÔòòSTATE€OF€TENNESSEEóó€v.€òòóóJAMES€ANDREW€NICHOLSÔ‡XùX»¼O•Ôó óÐ úJ ÐÌà@@½½ìàò òDirect€Appeal€from€the€Circuit€Court€for€Warren€CountyÐ ú J Ðà@@øøìàNo.€F„8121€€€€€€Charles€D.€Haston,€JudgeÐ æ 6 ÐÌÌà@@ìì*ìàßA€V) °°` d€÷E<©` AßÐ ªú  ÐÌà@@TTìàNo.€M2000„02758„CCA„R3„CD€„€Filed€October€7,€Ô_Ô2002Ô_ÔÐ ¥õ  ÐÌßA€V) °°` dE<|` AßÐ }Í  Ðó óÌÓ  ÓThe€Defendant€pled€guilty€to€three€Class€C€felony€drug€offenses.€€Following€a€sentencing€hearing,Ð xÈ  Ðthe€trial€court€imposed€sentences€of€five€years€in€the€Tennessee€Department€of€Correction€for€eachÐ d´ Ðoffense€and€ordered€that€the€sentences€be€served€consecutively€for€an€effective€sentence€of€fifteenÐ P  Ðyears.€€On€appeal,€the€Defendant€challenges€the€lengths,€the€manner€of€service,€and€the€consecutiveÐ <Œ Ðnature€of€the€sentences.€€After€review,€we€affirm€the€judgments€of€the€trial€court.Ð (x ÐÓÄÓÌò òTenn.€R.€App.€P.€3€Appeal€as€of€Right;€Judgments€of€the€Circuit€Court€Affirmedó óÐ P ÐÌòòÓ  ÓÔ#†¼O•»àXùŸ#ÔÔ‡XùX.¼O•ÔRobert€W.€Wedemeyer,€J.óó,€delivered€the€opinion€of€the€court,€in€which€òòThomas€T.€Woodallóó€andÐ Ø( ÐòòJames€Curwood€Witt,€Jr.,€JJ.óó,€joined.Ð Ä ÐÌDan€T.€Bryant€and€L.€Scott€Grissom,€Assistant€Public€Defenders,€McMinnville,€Tennessee,€for€theÐ œì Ðappellant,€James€Andrew€Nichols.Ð ˆØ ÐÌPaul€G.€Summers,€Attorney€General€and€Reporter;€David€H.€Findley,€Assistant€Attorney€General;Ð `° ÐClement€Dale€Potter,€District€Attorney€General;€and€Thomas€J.€Miner,€Assistant€District€AttorneyÐ L œ ÐGeneral,€for€the€appellee,€State€of€Tennessee.Ð 8!ˆ  ÐÓ“ÓÌà@@OO&ìàò òOPINIONó óÔ#†¼O•»XXùÂ#ÔÔ‡XùX»¼O•ÔÐ #`" ÐÌò òI.€€Procedural€Backgroundó óÐ è$8 $ ÐÌòòóóÔ#†¼O•»XXù #ÔÓ  ÓÔ€XùX»¼O•Ôà  àThe€Warren€County€Grand€Jury€indicted€the€Defendant,€James€Andrew€Nichols,€for€oneÐ À&"& Ðcount€of€selling€methamphetamine,€a€Schedule€II€controlled€substance;€for€one€count€of€selling€orÐ ¬'ü"' Ðdelivering€methamphetamine;€and€for€one€count€of€possession€of€methamphetamine€with€the€intentÐ ˜(è#( Ðto€sell€or€deliver.€€The€Defendant€entered€guilty€pleas€to€the€three€charges,€which€are€all€Class€CÐ „)Ô$) Ðfelonies.€€Following€a€sentencing€hearing,€the€trial€court€imposed€sentences€of€five€years€for€eachÐ p*À%* Ðconviction,€with€the€sentences€to€be€served€in€the€Tennessee€Department€of€Correction.€€The€trialÐ \+¬&+ Ðcourt€ordered€that€the€sentences€be€served€consecutively€to€each€other€and€to€a€prior€conviction€fromÐ H,˜', ÐWarren€County,€Tennessee.€€This€appeal€ensued,€in€which€the€Defendant€contests€the€lengths€of€eachÐ 4-„(-ý Ðsentence,€the€manner€of€service€of€each€sentence,€and€the€determination€by€the€trial€court€that€theÐ ° Ðsentences€should€be€served€consecutively€to€each€other.€Ð œì ÐÌà@qq%ìàò òII.€€Factsó óˆÐ tÄ ÐÌà  àJohn€Bell,€an€investigating€officer€with€the€Tennessee€Department€of€Correction,€testified€atÐ L œ Ðthe€sentencing€hearing.€€Bell€presented€to€the€court€a€presentence€report€concerning€the€Defendant.Ð 8 ˆ ÐThe€Defendant€then€testified€at€the€sentencing€hearing.€€The€testimony€of€the€Defendant,€along€withÐ $ t Ðthe€presentence€report,€revealed€that€the€Defendant€has€prior€convictions€for€driving€while€his€licenseÐ  ` Ðwas€suspended€and€for€disorderly€conduct.€€At€the€time€of€the€sentencing€hearing,€the€Defendant€alsoÐ ü L  Ðhad€two€indictments€alleging€felony€drug€offenses€pending€in€Warren€County€Circuit€Court.€€TheÐ è 8  ÐDefendant€had€also€failed€to€appear€in€court€in€Missouri€on€a€felony€drug€charge.€€Ð Ô$  ÐÌà  àIn€both€his€testimony€and€his€statement€in€the€presentence€report,€the€Defendant€describedÐ ¬ü  Ðhis€lengthy€history€of€drug€abuse€dating€back€to€his€childhood.€€The€Defendant€was€thirty„two€yearsÐ ˜è  Ðold€at€the€time€of€the€sentencing€hearing,€having€obtained€a€high€school€diploma€and€some€collegeÐ „Ô  Ðcredits.€€The€Defendant€testified€that€since€high€school€he€had€done€construction€work€and€workedÐ pÀ Ðas€a€self„employed€musician.€€The€Defendant€also€served€in€the€United€States€Army,€receiving€aÐ \¬ Ðgeneral€discharge.€€The€Defendant€denied€being€involved€in€manufacturing€methamphetamine,€butÐ H˜ Ðadmitted€that€he€knew€how€to€make€it€and€that€he€had€sold€it.€€He€indicated€in€his€statement€to€BellÐ 4„ Ðthat€in€1998,€he€began€working€in€the€ð ðmeth€industryðð€ð ðselling€meth€to€supply€[his]€habit.ðð€€TheÐ  p Ðpresentence€report€and€the€testimony€of€the€Defendant€indicated€that€the€crimes€for€which€he€wasÐ  \ Ðbeing€sentenced€occurred€while€he€was€on€bond€pending€the€disposition€of€other€felony€drug€charges.€Ð øH ÐThe€Defendant€testified€that€if€he€was€not€in€custody,€he€could€accept€immediate€employmentÐ ä4 Ðmaking€$14.50€per€hour€working€as€a€sub„contractor€in€Warren€County.Ð Ð  ÐÌà@ÂÂ#ìàò òIII.€€AnalysisˆÐ ¨ø ÐÌó óÔ‡XùXXXùÔà  àThe€Defendant€argues€that€the€trial€court€erred€by€sentencing€him€to€five€year€terms€in€theÐ €Ð ÐTennessee€Department€of€Correction€for€each€of€his€convictions€and€by€ordering€that€all€threeÐ l¼ Ðsentences€be€served€consecutively.€€When€a€criminal€defendant€challenges€the€length,€range,€orÐ X ¨ Ðmanner€of€service€of€a€sentence,€the€reviewing€court€must€conduct€a€òòde€novoóó€review€of€the€sentenceÐ D!” Ðwith€a€presumption€that€the€determinations€made€by€the€trial€court€are€correct.€€òòóóTenn.€Code€Ann.€ððÐ 0"€  Ð40„35„401(d).€€This€presumption,€however,€ð ðis€conditioned€upon€the€affirmative€showing€in€theÐ #l! Ðrecord€that€the€trial€court€considered€the€sentencing€principles€and€all€relevant€facts€andÐ $X" Ðcircumstances.ðð€€òòState€v.€Ashbyóó,€823€S.W.2d€166,€169€(Tenn.€1991).€€In€the€event€that€the€recordÐ ô$D # Ðfails€to€show€such€consideration,€the€review€of€the€sentence€is€purely€òòdeóó€òònovoóó.€€òòState€v.€Sheltonóó,€854Ð à%0!$ ÐS.W.2d€116,€123€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1992).Ð Ì&"% ÐÌà  àIn€making€its€sentencing€determination,€the€trial€court,€at€the€conclusion€of€the€sentencingÐ ¤(ô#' Ðhearing,€determines€the€range€of€sentence€and€then€determines€the€specific€sentence€and€the€proprietyÐ )à$( Ðof€sentencing€alternatives€by€considering€(1)€the€evidence,€if€any,€received€at€the€trial€and€theÐ |*Ì%) Ðsentencing€hearing,€(2)€the€presentence€report,€(3)€the€principles€of€sentencing€and€arguments€as€toÐ h+¸&* Ðsentencing€alternatives,€(4)€the€nature€and€characteristics€of€the€criminal€conduct€involved,€(5)Ð ° Ðevidence€and€information€offered€by€the€parties€on€the€enhancement€and€mitigating€factors,€(6)€anyÐ œì Ðstatements€the€defendant€wishes€to€make€in€the€defendant's€behalf€about€sentencing,€and€(7)€theÐ ˆØ Ðpotential€for€rehabilitation€or€treatment.€òòóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðððð€40„35„210(a),€(b),€„103(5);€òòState€v.Ð tÄ ÐWilliamsóó,€920€S.W.2d€247,€258€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1995).Ð `° ÐÌà  àThe€presumptive€sentence€to€be€imposed€by€the€trial€court€for€a€Class€B,€C,€D€or€E€felonyÔ#†XùXXXù(#ÔÔ‡XùXXXùÔ€isÐ 8 ˆ Ðthe€minimum€within€the€applicable€range€unless€there€are€enhancement€or€mitigating€factors€present.€Ð $ t ÐTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„210(c).€€If€there€are€enhancement€or€mitigating€factors,€the€court€must€startÐ  ` Ðat€the€presumptive€sentence,€enhance€the€sentence€as€appropriate€for€the€enhancement€factors,€andÐ ü L  Ðthen€reduce€the€sentence€in€the€range€as€appropriate€for€the€mitigating€factors.€€òòId.óó€ðð€40„35„210(e).€Ð è 8  ÐThe€weight€to€be€given€each€factor€is€left€to€the€discretion€of€the€trial€judge.€€òòSheltonóó,€854€S.W.2dÐ Ô$  Ðat€123.€€However,€the€sentence€must€be€adequately€supported€by€the€record€and€comply€with€theÐ À  Ðpurposes€and€principles€of€the€1989€Sentencing€Reform€Act.€€òòState€v.€Mossóó,€727€S.W.2d€229,€237Ð ¬ü  Ð(Tenn.€1986).Ð ˜è  ÐÌà  àWhen€imposing€a€sentence,€the€trial€court€must€make€specific€findings€of€fact€on€the€recordÐ pÀ Ðsupporting€the€sentence.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„209(c).€€The€record€should€also€include€anyÐ \¬ Ðenhancement€or€mitigating€factors€applied€by€the€trial€court.€€òòId.óó€ðð€40„35„210(f).€€Thus,€if€the€trialÐ H˜ Ðcourt€wishes€to€enhance€a€sentence,€the€court€must€state€its€reasons€on€the€record.€€The€purpose€ofÐ 4„ Ðrecording€the€courtððs€reasoning€is€to€guarantee€the€preparation€of€a€proper€record€for€appellateÐ  p Ðreview.€€òòState€v.€Ervinóó,€939€S.W.2d€581,€584€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1996).€€Ô#†XùXXXùx"#ÔÔ‡XùXXXùÔBecause€the€record€in€thisÐ  \ Ðcase€indicates€that€the€trial€court€adequately€considered€the€enhancement€and€mitigating€factors€asÐ øH Ðwell€as€the€underlying€facts,€our€review€is€òòdeóó€òònovoóó€with€a€presumption€of€correctness.Ô#†XùXXXù)#ÔÔ‡XùXXXùÔÐ ä4 ÐÔ#†XùXXXùM*#ÔÔ‡XùXXXùÔÌà  àIf€our€review€reflects€that€the€trial€court€followed€the€statutory€sentencing€procedure,€that€theÐ ¼  Ðcourt€imposed€a€lawful€sentence€after€having€given€due€consideration€and€proper€weight€to€theÐ ¨ø Ðfactors€and€principles€set€out€under€the€sentencing€law,€and€that€the€trial€courtððs€findings€of€fact€areÐ ”ä Ðadequately€supported€by€the€record,€then€we€may€not€modify€the€sentence€ð ðeven€if€we€would€haveÐ €Ð Ðpreferred€a€different€result.ðð€€òòState€v.€Fletcheróó,€805€S.W.2d€785,€789€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1991).€€Ô#†XùXXXù¤*#ÔÔ‡XùXXXùÔTheÐ l¼ Ðdefendant€bears€the€burden€of€showing€the€impropriety€of€the€sentence€imposed.€€òòAshbyóó,€823€S.W.2dÐ X ¨ Ðat€169.Ð D!” ÐÌà  àInitially,€we€note€that€the€record€before€this€Court€does€not€include€the€transcript€of€the€guiltyÐ #l! Ðplea€hearing.€€Any€evidence€presented€at€the€guilty€plea€hearing€should€be€considered€in€determiningÐ $X" Ðthe€appropriate€sentence.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„210(b)(1).€€Further,€it€is€the€duty€of€theÐ ô$D # Ðdefendant€to€prepare€a€fair,€accurate,€and€complete€record€on€appeal€to€enable€meaningful€appellateÐ à%0!$ Ðreview.€€Tenn.€R.€App.€P.€24(b).€€This€Court€has€held€that€because€it€is€during€the€guilty€plea€hearingÐ Ì&"% Ðthat€the€State€is€allowed€the€opportunity€to€present€the€facts€underlying€the€offense,Ô#†XùXXXù;-#ÔÔ‡XùXXXùÔ€ð ða€transcript€ofÐ ¸'#& Ðthe€guilty€plea€hearing€is€often€(if€not€always)€needed€in€order€to€conduct€a€proper€review€of€theÐ ¤(ô#' Ðsentence€imposed.ðð€€òòState€v.€Keenóó,€996€S.W.2d€842,€844€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1999).€€Failure€to€insureÐ )à$( Ðthat€the€record€before€this€Court€conveys€a€fair,€accurate,€and€complete€account€of€what€transpiredÐ |*Ì%) Ðin€the€court€below€concerning€sentencing€issues€results€in€a€waiver€of€such€issues€and€a€presumptionÐ h+¸&* Ðthat€the€trial€courtððs€sentencing€determinations€are€correct.€€òòState€v.€Robinsonóó,€73€S.W.3d€136,€154Ð ° Ð(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€2001).€€In€any€event,€the€record€before€us€supports€the€trial€courtððs€sentencingÐ œì Ðdeterminations.Ð ˆØ ÐÌà@ÚÚìàò òA.€€Lengths€of€Sentencesó óˆÐ `° ÐÌà  àBecause€the€Defendant€was€convicted€of€three€Class€C€felonies,€the€range€of€punishment€isÐ 8 ˆ Ðthree€to€six€years€for€each€conviction.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„112(a)(3).€€In€this€case,Ð $ t Ðalthough€not€specifically€citing€the€statute,€the€trial€court€found€the€following€enhancement€factorÐ  ` Ðapplicable:€ð ð[T]he€defendant€has€a€previous€history€of€criminal€convictions€or€criminal€behavior€inÐ ü L  Ðaddition€to€those€necessary€to€establish€the€appropriate€range.ðð€€òòId.óó€ðð€40„35„114(1).€€The€evidenceÐ è 8  Ðpresented€at€the€sentencing€hearing€clearly€supports€this€finding€by€the€trial€court.€€In€addition€to€theÐ Ô$  ÐDefendantððs€prior€convictions,€the€Defendant€admitted€that€he€had€an€extensive€history€of€illegalÐ À  Ðdrug€use€and€that€he€had€worked€as€a€salesman€in€the€ð ðmeth€industryðð€in€Kansas€City€for€a€periodÐ ¬ü  Ðof€approximately€two€years.€€This€evidence€clearly€supports€the€trial€courtððs€finding€that€theÐ ˜è  ÐDefendant€has€a€previous€history€of€criminal€convictions€and€criminal€behavior€in€addition€to€thoseÐ „Ô  Ðnecessary€to€establish€the€appropriate€range.Ð pÀ ÐÌà  àThe€Defendant€argues€that€the€trial€court€erred€by€failing€to€consider€as€a€mitigating€factorÐ H˜ Ðthat€his€criminal€conduct€neither€caused€nor€threatened€serious€bodily€injury.€€òòSeeóó€òòid.óó€ðð€40„35„113(1).€Ð 4„ ÐThe€record€before€us€does€not€indicate€that€the€trial€court€specifically€considered€this€mitigatingÐ  p Ðfactor.€€However,€at€the€sentencing€hearing,€the€trial€court€commented€that€the€Defendant€ð ðgrew€upÐ  \ Ðunder€difficult€circumstances€and€.€.€.€was€aided€and€abetted€by€a€mother€and€daddy€who€ought€to€beÐ øH Ðserving€time.ðð€€The€trial€court€also€noted€that€the€Defendant€is€ð ðwell„readðð€and€ð ðintelligent.ðð€€InÐ ä4 Ðaddition,€the€trial€court€found€that€the€Defendant€was€ð ðrespectful,€and€as€you€say,€heððs€willing€toÐ Ð  Ðadmit€what€he€did,€willing€to€pay€the€price€.€.€.€.ðð€€The€trial€court€considered€this€mitigating€evidence,Ð ¼  Ðalong€with€the€other€evidence€presented€at€the€sentencing€hearing,€in€imposing€a€sentence€of€fiveÐ ¨ø Ðyears€for€each€count.€€The€sentence€imposed€for€each€count€is€two€years€more€than€the€minimum€butÐ ”ä Ðone€year€less€than€the€maximum€sentence€available.€€In€determining€the€appropriate€sentences,€theÐ €Ð Ðtrial€court€obviously€placed€great€weight€on€the€Defendantððs€lengthy€history€of€drug€abuse€and€hisÐ l¼ Ðactivities€in€the€illicit€drug€ð ðindustry.ðð€€We€cannot€conclude€from€the€record€that€the€trial€courtððsÐ X ¨ Ðfailure€to€consider€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€ðð€40„35„113(1)€affected€the€lengths€or€manner€ofÐ D!” Ðservice€of€the€sentences€imposed.Ð 0"€  ÐÌà@$$ìàò òB.€€Manner€of€Service€of€Sentencesó óˆÐ $X" ÐÌà  àConcerning€the€manner€of€service€of€the€sentences,€we€note€that€Tennessee€Code€AnnotatedÐ à%0!$ Ððð€40„35„102(5)€provides€as€follows:Ð Ì&"% ÐÔ#†XùXXXùó0#Ôà8  àà ` àIn€recognition€that€state€prison€capacities€and€the€funds€to€build€and€maintainÐ ¸'#& Ðthem€are€limited,€convicted€felons€committing€the€most€severe€offenses,€possessingÐ ¤(ô#' Ðcriminal€histories€evincing€a€clear€disregard€for€the€laws€and€morals€of€society,€andÐ )à$( Ðevincing€failure€of€past€efforts€at€rehabilitation€shall€be€given€first€priority€regardingÐ |*Ì%) Ðsentencing€involving€incarceration€.€.€.€.€Ðh+¸&*Ð Ð  ЇA€defendant€who€does€not€fall€within€this€class€of€offenders€ð ðand€who€is€an€especially€mitigatedÐ ° Ðoffender€or€standard€offender€convicted€of€a€Class€C,€D,€or€E€felony€is€presumed€to€be€a€favorableÐ œì Ðcandidate€for€alternative€sentencing€in€the€absence€of€evidence€to€the€contrary.ðð€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.Ð ˆØ Ððð€40„35„102(6).€€Furthermore,€unless€sufficient€evidence€rebuts€the€presumption,€ð ð[t]he€trial€courtÐ tÄ Ðmust€presume€that€a€defendant€sentenced€to€eight€years€or€less€and€not€an€offender€for€whomÐ `° Ðincarceration€is€a€priority€is€subject€to€alternative€sentencing€and€that€a€sentence€other€thanÐ L œ Ðincarceration€would€result€in€successful€rehabilitation€.€.€.€.ðð€€òòState€v.€Byrdóó,€861€S.W.2d€377,€379„80Ð 8 ˆ Ð(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1993);€òòseeóó€òòalsoóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„303(a).€€Tòòóóhe€Defendant,€as€a€standardÐ $ t Ðoffender€convicted€of€a€Class€C€felony,€òòseeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„13„102(d),€is€presumed€to€be€aÐ  ` Ðfavorable€candidate€for€alternative€sentencing.Ð ü L  ÐÌà  àHowever,€all€offenders€who€meet€the€criteria€are€not€entitled€to€relief;€instead,€sentencingÐ Ô$  Ðissues€must€be€determined€by€the€facts€and€circumstances€of€each€case.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Tayloróó,€744Ð À  ÐS.W.2d€919,€922€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1987)€(citing€òòMossóó,€727€S.W.2d€at€235).€€Even€if€a€defendantÐ ¬ü  Ðis€presumed€to€be€a€favorable€candidate€for€alternative€sentencing€under€Tennessee€Code€AnnotatedÐ ˜è  Ððð€40„35„102(6),€the€statutory€presumption€of€an€alternative€sentence€may€be€overcome€ifÐ „Ô  Ðà8  àà ` à(A)€[c]onfinement€is€necessary€to€protect€society€by€restraining€a€defendantÐ pÀ Ðwho€has€a€long€history€of€criminal€conduct;Ð\¬Ð Ð  Ðà8  àà ` à(B)€[c]onfinement€is€necessary€to€avoid€depreciating€the€seriousness€of€theÐ H˜ Ðoffense€or€confinement€is€particularly€suited€to€provide€an€effective€deterrence€toÐ 4„ Ðothers€likely€to€commit€similar€offenses;€orÐ pÐ Ð  Ðà8  àà ` à(C)€[m]easures€less€restrictive€than€confinement€have€frequently€or€recentlyÐ  \ Ðbeen€applied€unsuccessfully€to€the€defendant€.€.€.€.ÐøHÐ Ð  ÐTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„103(1)(A)„(C).€€In€choosing€among€possible€sentencing€alternatives,€theÐ ä4 Ðtrial€court€should€also€consider€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€ðð€40„35„103(5),€which€states,€in€pertinentÐ Ð  Ðpart,€ð ðThe€potential€or€lack€of€potential€for€the€rehabilitation€or€treatment€of€a€defendant€should€beÐ ¼  Ðconsidered€in€determining€the€sentence€alternative€or€length€of€a€term€to€be€imposed.ðð€€òòId.óó€ðð€40„35„Ð ¨ø Ð103(5);€òòseeóó€òòalsoóó€òòState€v.€Dowdyóó,€894€S.W.2d€301,€305€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1994).Ð ”ä ÐÌà  àThe€trial€court€determined€that€the€Defendant€is€a€professional€criminal€who€has€devoted€hisÐ l¼ Ðlife€to€ð ðthat€kind€of€activityðð€(referring€to€the€Defendantððs€involvement€with€illegal€drugs).€€The€trialÐ X ¨ Ðcourt€also€determined€that€the€Defendant€is€an€offender€whose€criminal€record€is€extensive.€€TheÐ D!” Ðrecord€supports€these€determinations€by€the€trial€court,€which€are€more€than€sufficient€to€rebut€anyÐ 0"€  Ðpresumptions€favoring€alternative€sentencing.Ð #l! ÐÌà@iiìàò òC.€€Consecutive€Sentencingó óˆÐ ô$D # ÐÌà  àFinally,€the€Defendant€challenges€the€imposition€of€consecutive€sentences.€€A€court€mayÐ Ì&"% Ðorder€multiple€sentences€to€run€consecutively€if€it€finds€by€a€preponderance€of€the€evidence€that€theÐ ¸'#& Ðdefendant€fits€into€one€of€the€categories€established€in€the€statute.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„115(b).€Ð ¤(ô#' ÐIt€is€within€the€sound€discretion€of€the€trial€court€whether€multiple€sentences€should€be€servedÐ )à$( Ðconsecutively€or€concurrently.€€òòState€v.€Jamesóó,€688€S.W.2d,€463,€465€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1984).€€Ð |*Ì%) ÐÐ h+¸&* Ðà  àIn€this€case,€the€trial€court€found€that€consecutive€sentences€were€warranted€because€theÐ ° ÐDefendant€is€a€professional€criminal€who€has€knowingly€devoted€his€life€to€criminal€acts€as€a€majorÐ œì Ðsource€of€livelihood€and€because€the€Defendant€is€an€offender€whose€record€of€criminal€activity€isÐ ˆØ Ðextensive.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„115(b)(1),(2).€€The€evidence€presented€at€the€sentencingÐ tÄ Ðhearing€in€this€case€supports€these€determinations€by€the€trial€court.€€The€Defendant€admitted€thatÐ `° Ðhe€has€a€lengthy€history€of€drug€abuse€dating€to€his€childhood€and€continuing€throughout€most€of€hisÐ L œ Ðadult€life;€that€the€crimes€for€which€he€was€being€sentenced€occurred€while€he€was€on€bond€pendingÐ 8 ˆ Ðdisposition€of€other€felony€drug€charges;€and€that€he€knew€how€to€manufacture€methamphetamineÐ $ t Ðand€had€supported€his€drug€habit€by€working€in€the€ð ðmeth€industryðð€selling€ð ðmeth.ðð€€Because€theÐ  ` Ðevidence€preponderates€in€favor€of€the€trial€courtððs€findings€that€the€Defendant€is€a€professionalÐ ü L  Ðcriminal€and€an€offender€whose€record€of€criminal€activity€is€extensive,€the€trial€court€properlyÐ è 8  Ðimposed€consecutive€sentences.Ð Ô$  ÐÌà  àAccordingly,€the€judgments€of€the€trial€court€are€AFFIRMED.Ð ¬ü  ÐÔ‡XùXXXùÔÌÌà  àÔ#†XùXXXù¡Z#Ôò òó óà0 ` àà0¸ ` (#` (#àà0¸ (#¸ (#àà0h(#(#àà0Àh(#h(#àà0À(#À(#àà p àà È àà  àà x àà Ð àà @Ð à¼___________________________________€Ð\¬(#(# Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àROBERT€W.€WEDEMEYER,€JUDGE