WPCE bl[a䒩 U q [w,p3[YSh}⨍&Q)}_'<ն4 TePsX pO.+̑$w0{w2?{.ɼ;sgByj&` b$د,PYraՂκq[ApڡG,gƩ6:̇N8%bg^c[^[/),@sv?Tvq ^ck\t̰]BS3ZqǠ``cd̎.ډ,L 73)n>1˪VUpUך< ^#޾c ,^wvPf `:!l">939HxArkGaҠ7E , GӤ1g~>-z;k]/GU\R.~"hIl^ HRw@D 0U:`4  0 ~ 0DU: U:$A$U:9(s(O@+U:..U:3 3U:=O=U:.A AQhA BAA 0DB 0DB 0D$C(hC D/DD BD D3DX 2U3E456E78 e9:ӀF (`$TR[A' Legal3'A' Legal3'T7GXXdXXd7  ,cAZ"Arial Regularn~<$3|xF XX  @T@R[A' Legal3'A' Legal3'T7XXdd7 @  `   2    TheappellantsconvictionstemsfromanincidentonSeptember17,1994,inwhichthe  appellant,actinginconcertwithotherunidentifiedpersons,pursuedthevictimthroughoutDyersburg,ultimatelyshootingthevictiminthelowerbackandtakingabeeperandthirtyfivedollarsfromhisperson.SeeStatev.Nolan,No.02C019601CC00008(Tenn.Crim.App.at B : Jackson,Aug.2,1996),perm.toappealdenied,(Tenn.Jan.27,1997). Thevictimwasflownto   Memphiswherehewashospitalizedforthreeweeks.Thebulletcouldnotberemoved.Thevictimunderwentextensivephysicaltherapytolearntowalkagain.Healsolostcontrolofhisbladder.Id. XX  T@R[A' Legal3'A' Legal3'T `   3    Althoughthetrialcourtacknowledgedthattheappellanthadpreviouslyraisedtheissue  ofineffectiveassistanceofcounselondirectappeal,seeNolan,No.02C019601CC00008  (findingtheappellantsclaimthatcounselwasineffectiveforopeningthedoorregardingapriorincidentwiththevictimwithoutmerit),thecourtproceededtoaddressadditionalallegationsofineffectivenessraisedforthefirsttimeinthepostconvictionpetition.However,ineffectiveassistanceofcounselisgenerallya"singlegroundforrelief"underthepost-convictionstatute.Conev.State,927S.W.2d579,581-82(Tenn.Crim.App.1995),perm.toappealdenied, | t (Tenn.1996),cert.denied,---U.S.----,117S.Ct.309(1996)."[T]hefactthatsuchviolationmay : 2 beprovedbymultipleactsoromissionsdoesnotchangethefactthatthereremainsonlyonegroundforrelief."McCrayv.State,No01C01-9108-CR-00255(Tenn.Crim.App.atNashville,    Sept.11,1992).Agroundforreliefhasbeen previouslydeterminedwhen acourtofcompetentjurisdictionhasruledonthemeritsafterafullandfairhearing.Tenn.CodeAnn.4030206(f)(1996Supp.).Apetitionermaynotre-litigatepreviouslydeterminedgroundsforreliefsimplybyaddingfactualbasisforanineffectiveassistanceofcounselclaim.Cone,927S.W.2dat   581-82.Theappellantoffersnoexplanationastowhytheseadditionalallegedactsandomissionswerenotraisedwhentheissueofcounsel'seffectivenesswaslitigatedondirectappeal.Thus,theappellantsclaimsinthisappealarewaivedbecausetheyhavebeenpreviouslydetermined.Notwithstanding,weelecttoreviewtheclaimpresentedsubjudiceasthetrialcourt   resolvedtheissueonitsmerits. ` ((3$ `!TR[A' Legal3'A' Legal3'T7XXdd7    `   0  (#$  0  ,cAZ"Arial Regular XX  @T@R[A' Legal3'A' Legal3'T7XXdd7 @  `   1    Theappellantwasalsochargedwithattemptedfirstdegreemurder.Thischargewas  ultimatelydismissedbythetrialcourtasthejuryfailedtoreachanunanimousverdictastothiscount. XX  T@R[A' Legal3'A' Legal3'T `   3    Althoughthetrialcourtacknowledgedthattheappellanthadpreviouslyraisedtheissue  ofineffectiveassistanceofcounselondirectappeal,seeNolan,No.02C019601CC00008  (findingtheappellantsclaimthatcounselwasineffectiveforopeningthedoorregardingapriorincidentwiththevictimwithoutmerit),thecourtproceededtoaddressadditionalallegationsofineffectivenessraisedforthefirsttimeinthepostconvictionpetition.However,ineffectiveassistanceofcounselisgenerallya"singlegroundforrelief"underthepost-convictionstatute.Conev.State,927S.W.2d579,581-82(Tenn.Crim.App.1995),perm.toappealdenied, | t (Tenn.1996),cert.denied,---U.S.----,117S.Ct.309(1996)."[T]hefactthatsuchviolationmay : 2 beprovedbymultipleactsoromissionsdoesnotchangethefactthatthereremainsonlyonegroundforrelief."McCrayv.State,No01C01-9108-CR-00255(Tenn.Crim.App.atNashville,    Sept.11,1992).Agroundforreliefhasbeen previouslydeterminedwhen acourtofcompetentjurisdictionhasruledonthemeritsafterafullandfairhearing.Tenn.CodeAnn.4030206(f)(1996Supp.).Apetitionermaynotre-litigatepreviouslydeterminedgroundsforreliefsimplybyaddingfactualbasisforanineffectiveassistanceofcounselclaim.Cone,927S.W.2dat   581-82.Theappellantoffersnoexplanationastowhytheseadditionalallegedactsandomissionswerenotraisedwhentheissueofcounsel'seffectivenesswaslitigatedondirectappeal.Thus,theappellantsclaimsinthisappealarewaivedbecausetheyhavebeenpreviouslydetermined.Notwithstanding,weelecttoreviewtheclaimpresentedsubjudiceasthetrialcourt   resolvedtheissueonitsmerits. ` ,cAZ"Arial Regular 7XX  T@R[A' Legal3'A' Legal3'T `   4    "Seriousbodilyinjurymeansbodilyinjurywhichinvolves:(A)Asubstantialriskofdeath;  8 ` (B)Protractedunconsciousness;(C)Extremephysicalpain;(D)Protractedorobviousdisfigurement;or(E)Protractedlossorsubstantialimpairmentofafunctionofabodilymember,organormentalfaculty.,cAZ"Arial Regular XX  T@R[A' Legal3'A' Legal3'T `   1    Theappellantwasalsochargedwithattemptedfirstdegreemurder.Thischargewas  ultimatelydismissedbythetrialcourtasthejuryfailedtoreachanunanimousverdictastothiscount. EXX  T@R[A' Legal3'A' Legal3'T `   4    "Seriousbodilyinjurymeansbodilyinjurywhichinvolves:(A)Asubstantialriskofdeath;  8 ` (B)Protractedunconsciousness;(C)Extremephysicalpain;(D)Protractedorobviousdisfigurement;or(E)Protractedlossorsubstantialimpairmentofafunctionofabodilymember,organormentalfaculty.,cAZ"Arial Regular XX  T@R[A' Legal3'A' Legal3'T `   2    TheappellantsconvictionstemsfromanincidentonSeptember17,1994,inwhichthe  appellant,actinginconcertwithotherunidentifiedpersons,pursuedthevictimthroughoutDyersburg,ultimatelyshootingthevictiminthelowerbackandtakingabeeperandthirtyfivedollarsfromhisperson.SeeStatev.Nolan,No.02C019601CC00008(Tenn.Crim.App.at B : Jackson,Aug.2,1996),perm.toappealdenied,(Tenn.Jan.27,1997). Thevictimwasflownto   Memphiswherehewashospitalizedforthreeweeks.Thebulletcouldnotberemoved.Thevictimunderwentextensivephysicaltherapytolearntowalkagain.Healsolostcontrolofhisbladder.Id.,cAZ"Arial Regular XX  T@R[A' Legal3'A' Legal3'T `   3    Althoughthetrialcourtacknowledgedthattheappellanthadpreviouslyraisedtheissue  ofineffectiveassistanceofcounselondirectappeal,seeNolan,No.02C019601CC00008  (findingtheappellantsclaimthatcounselwasineffectiveforopeningthedoorregardingapriorincidentwiththevictimwithoutmerit),thecourtproceededtoaddressadditionalallegationsofineffectivenessraisedforthefirsttimeinthepostconvictionpetition.However,ineffectiveassistanceofcounselisgenerallya"singlegroundforrelief"underthepost-convictionstatute.Conev.State,927S.W.2d579,581-82(Tenn.Crim.App.1995),perm.toappealdenied, | t (Tenn.1996),cert.denied,---U.S.----,117S.Ct.309(1996)."[T]hefactthatsuchviolationmay : 2 beprovedbymultipleactsoromissionsdoesnotchangethefactthatthereremainsonlyonegroundforrelief."McCrayv.State,No01C01-9108-CR-00255(Tenn.Crim.App.atNashville,    Sept.11,1992).Agroundforreliefhasbeen previouslydeterminedwhen acourtofcompetentjurisdictionhasruledonthemeritsafterafullandfairhearing.Tenn.CodeAnn.4030206(f)(1996Supp.).Apetitionermaynotre-litigatepreviouslydeterminedgroundsforreliefsimplybyaddingfactualbasisforanineffectiveassistanceofcounselclaim.Cone,927S.W.2dat   581-82.Theappellantoffersnoexplanationastowhytheseadditionalallegedactsandomissionswerenotraisedwhentheissueofcounsel'seffectivenesswaslitigatedondirectappeal.Thus,theappellantsclaimsinthisappealarewaivedbecausetheyhavebeenpreviouslydetermined.Notwithstanding,weelecttoreviewtheclaimpresentedsubjudiceasthetrialcourt   resolvedtheissueonitsmerits. ` ,cAZ"Arial Regular EXX  T@R[A' Legal3'A' Legal3'T `   4    "Seriousbodilyinjurymeansbodilyinjurywhichinvolves:(A)Asubstantialriskofdeath;  8 ` (B)Protractedunconsciousness;(C)Extremephysicalpain;(D)Protractedorobviousdisfigurement;or(E)Protractedlossorsubstantialimpairmentofafunctionofabodilymember,organormentalfaculty.,cAZ"Arial Regular !"#%C<< C dLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(3$ !  (3$ !  ($$   1    !"   XXXX BX X   Ad FILED XX B   October16,1998  CecilCrowson,Jr. X XAppellateCourtClerk ''' dxdP Pd'dxd `!TR[A' Legal3'A' Legal3'T7XXdXXd7   :88:  F:r$(<,(j 8` `@E ` ttx$ r:FFFF::FFFFFFFFFFF@. . INTHECOURTOFCRIMINALAPPEALSOFTENNESSEEFF@**)ATJACKSONFt$(>.*jxx_` `@E@? ` ttx$x4 3 tߛF@$OCTOBERSESSION,1998REIKONOLEN,   h   ) | t  `     h   )  No.02C019711CC00441 h`  ` Appellant   h   ) TL   `     h   )  DYERCOUNTY @8  vs. `     h   ) ,$   `     h   )  Hon.J.STEVENSTAFFORD,Judge   STATEOFTENNESSEE, h   )    `     h   )  (PostConviction)    ` Appellee   h   )    FortheAppellant:   h     FortheAppellee: zr  WilliamK.Randolph  h     JohnKnoxWalkup  F> 422N.ChurchStreet h     AttorneyGeneralandReporter 2* P.O.Box611    Dyersburg,TN380250611    MarvinE.Clements,Jr.    `     h     AssistantAttorneyGeneral  (#    `     h     CriminalJusticeDivision `     h     425FifthAvenueNorth `     h     2dFloor,CordellHullBuilding `     h     Nashville,TN372430493 x   (#  !z  `  `     h      `     h     C.PhillipBivens  4$,   `     h     DistrictAttorneyGeneral `     h     P.O.DrawerE `     h     Dyersburg,TN38024 `     h     OPINIONFILED:򀀀 P,H%) AFFIRMED DavidG.Hayes  1*/ Judge  2+0w @+ OPINION    ` Theappellant,ReikoNolen,appealstheDyerCountyCircuitCourtsdismissalofhispetitionforpostconvictionrelief.Theappellantcollaterallyattackshisaggravatedrobberyconvictionupongroundsofineffectiveassistanceofcounsel.Specifically,hecontendsthathistrialcounselwasdeficientforfailingtodiscredittheStatesproofof seriousbodilyinjury,anessentialelementoftheconvictingoffense. ` Afterreviewoftherecord,weaffirmthetrialcourtsdenialofpostconvictionrelief.@* Analysis    ` InJuly1995,theappellantwasconvictedofonecountofespeciallyaggravatedrobbery8888  #  1      ׀andwassentencedtotwentyyearsintheDepartmentof "  Correction.8888  #  2      ׀Hisconvictionandsentencewereaffirmedondirectappealtothis #  court.SeeStatev.Nolan,No.02C019601CC00008(Tenn.Crim.App.at %" Jackson,Aug.2,1996),perm.toappealdenied,(Tenn.Jan.27,1997).Asaresult x'p $ ofthisconviction,theappellantiscurrentlyconfinedatNorthwestCorrectionalCenterinTiptonville. .',  ` OnMarch26,1997,theappellantfiledapetitionforpostconvictionrelief.ThispetitionwassubsequentlyamendedonMay22,1997.Asgroundsforrelief,thepetitionassertedvariousclaimsofineffectiveassistanceoftrialcounsel.+8 888+++  #  3      ׀On   June6,1997,followinganevidentiaryhearing,thetrialcourtdeniedtheappellantrelief.Indismissingthepetition,thetrialcourtfound,specificallytotheissuenowbeforethiscourt,that:8 ` Theincidentgivingrisetotheprosecutionofthiscaseinvolvestheshootingofthevictim.Thevictimwasquestionedabouthisinjuriesandtheireffectonhimonpages4143ofthetrialtranscript.Thevictimstatedthatafterhewasshot,hewasinbadpainandthathehadtobeairliftedtoMemphistothehospital.HestatedthathewasrequiredtostayinthehospitalinMemphisforapproximatelythreeweeks.Healsotestifiedthathestillhadthebulletinhisbackandthatwhenheleftthehospitalhewasnotabletowalk.Hefurtherstatedthathewasstillintherapyandthatduringhistherapy,hehadtowalkfirstusingparallelbarsandthencrutches.Atthetimeofthetrial,thevictimtestifiedthathehadonlybeenoffofcrutchesforapproximately1months.Thevictimfurthertestifiedthatasaresultoftheshooting,hewasunabletocontrolhisbladderandthathewasrequiredtowearadultdiapers.Hecalledthisapermanentproblem. ` !` ! 8 ` ThepetitionerhaspresentednoevidenceastohowDavis[theappellantstrialcounsel]couldrebutanyofthevictimstestimony.Itisclearthattheevidencepresentedbythevictimsubstantiatesaclaimforseriousbodilyinjury....ThisCourtfindsthisissuetobewithoutmerit. ` !` ! ̀ ` Tosucceedinapostconvictionclaimofineffectiveness,theappellantmust z&r# show,byclearandconvictingevidence,Tenn.CodeAnn.4030210(f)(1996 F(>!% Supp.),thattheservicesrenderedbytrialcounselweredeficientandthat,butforthedeficientperformance,theresultsoftheproceedingwouldhavebeendifferent.Stricklandv.Washington,466U.S.668,687104S.Ct.2052,2064(1984).In   determiningwhethertheappellantreceivedeffectiveassistanceofcounsel,thiscourtmustremainmindfulthatitisnotourfunctiontosecondguesstrialcounsel'stacticalandstrategicchoicesonmattersofdefense,unlessthesechoicesaremadewithoutknowledgeoftherelevantfactsorthelawapplicabletotheissue.Hellardv.   State,629S.W.2d4,9(Tenn.1982);Statev.Swanson,680S.W.2d487,490   (Tenn.Crim.App.1984). ` Theproofisoverwhelmingthatthevictimsuffered seriousbodilyinjurywithinthepurviewofthestatute.SeeTenn.CodeAnn.3911106(a)(33)(1991).+8888+++  #  4      ׀  Contrarytotheappellantsargument,evenconsideringinformationpossessedbytrialcounselthatthevictim couldtellwhen[he]neededtogo[tothebathroom]andthathecouldmovehislegsbutnothistoes,wefailtoseehowthisinformationwouldhavenegatedtheseriousnessoftheinjuriessustainedbythevictim.Indeed,itisdifficulttoconceivehowanycrossexaminationbytrialcounselrelatingtothe #  victimsinjuriescouldhavechangedthefactsbeforethejuryortheultimateoutcomeofthistrial.Clearly,theappellanthasfailedtocarryhisburdenofestablishinghisclaims.Additionally,wecannotconcludethattheevidencepreponderatesagainstthetrialcourtsfindingsoffact.SeeDavisv.State,912 *#( S.W.2d689,697(Tenn.1995). ` Asaresult,wefindnoerroroflawrequiringreversal.Thejudgmentofthetrialcourtdismissingtheappellantspetitionforpostconvictionreliefisaffirmed. `  5.4 Ї112 `     h   ____________________________________ `     h   DAVIDG.HAYES,Jud232e234geCONCUR:____________________________________JOHNH.PEAY,Judge____________________________________465l.567L.T.LAFFERTY,79Senior97Judge7