ÿWPCÙ 8U.  %NbTXn­h 0(U:Ew¸47 0™K 0DäU:( 0Jb 0T¬ 0^ 0h^ 0rÆ 0D8 0|| 0@ø 0D8 D/| 0†« AQ1 Æ‚ BH 0e 1uõ 0dj BÎ D3ë U* B)H DCq AM´ fuj©ßv~ˆvÓ<þ6X9`(CourierX ù3|x«<þ6X9`(CourierXôxþ6X@ɹ`7ûX@($¡¡, øð AZ"Arial RegularòDóDôDõöD÷DøùDúûEüýþDÿDEDUDU£D   D  DÓ€¸LË$(I(2d$¤¤Ý ƒ !ÝÝ  ÝÒ°ÒÔ€X¨XXXÔà ` àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular2 ÿÿ0Indent1Ô2ÔÔ3  Ô2" ÿÿ0Indent2à0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2, ÿÿ0Indent3à0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô26 ÿÿ0Indent4à0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2@ ÿÿ0Indent5à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô(3¯$¢¢Ý ƒ !ÝÝ  Ý2J ÿÿ0Indent6à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô("ÿÿ$££Ò  ÒÒ  Ò($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó(('÷ÿ dxd2T ÿÿ0Indent7à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô!Cþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5 d2^ ÿÿ0Indent8à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô# ÿÿ?AGMSYaioIndent0I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)P ÿÿ8Mac DefaultMac DefaultÓ ` °šXÓüÿP Pd""""'ÿÿdxd< Œ 9p`(Arial% Line 7 d////7Border 1dd!0Cþÿ << Gÿÿ ùÝ ƒ !ÝÔ€ÔÝ  ÝÝ ƒ"ÝÝ  ÝÔ€.ÔÔ€.ÔÓ  ÓÔ YYY ÔFILEDÔ€.XÔÌÌò òJune€22,€1998ÌÌCecil€Crowson,€Jr.ÌÔ€.ôÔAppellate€Court€Clerkó ó \Ñ\R AØ'\Ñ kÝ ƒ !ÝÑ  ÑÑ#€d#ÑÔ€ÔÝ  ÝÝ ƒ$ÝÒ  ÒÒ ° ÒÔ€.Ôà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝThe€defendant's€name€appears€in€the€record€as€"Regina€Ann€Owen,"Ï"Regina€Owen,"€and€"Regina€Owens."€€We€use€the€defendant's€name€as€itÏappears€in€the€indictment.Ì ŸÝ ƒ !ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€ÔÝ  ÝÝ ƒ$ÝÒ  ÒÒ ° ÒÔ€.Ôà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝIn€cases€where€an€indigent€defendant€is€sentenced€to€probationÏconditioned€upon€payment€of€fines,€costs€and/or€fees,€the€trial€court€and/or€theÏsupervisory€authority€may€find€it€productive€to€inquire€and€determine€anÏappropriate€payment€schedule.€€Determination€of€a€payment€schedule€makes€itÏclear€to€the€probationer€what€is€expected€of€him€or€her€and€allows€for€an€orderlyÏreduction€of€the€indebtedness.€€If€the€probationer€willfully€fails€to€abide€by€theÏterms,€he€or€she€is€subject€to€revocation€of€probation,€and€the€court's€inquiry€isÏsimplified€by€the€fact€that€it€or€the€probation€department,€in€conjunction€with€theÏprobationer,€previously€determined€that€the€probationer€is€able€to€make€theÏpayments€specified€in€the€schedule.ÌPtPtHHØ(ÿáÿâùFG(üHHØ(d'`Styl{WP}01•ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà Ãà Ãà Ãà Ãà ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÐ ÐÐHHÐÐ  ÐÐ2ÐÐÿÿ¸æ$ÿÐÐHHÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ  ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÑÑÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÑ € ÑÑ<Px–ÈÑÒÒÒ443!#4ÒÒ$ *$ÒÒ$*$ÒÒ ÿKK ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÓ.,ÓÓÓÓ6ÓÓ ÓßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÒ  ellan Geneva ÒÒ  ellan Geneva ÒÝ ƒ !ÝÔ . ÔÔ€ÔÝ  ÝÒ  ÒÒ ° ÒÙ€!ÙÓ  ÓÑ ` ÑÑ\R AØ'\ÑÔ€.ÔßR€120A1-j|` Å `€€@ÿRß›Þ ÞÌÌò òÑ€Ñà@ àIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEÌÌ€à@ àAT€KNOXVILLEÌÌà@ àAPRIL€1998€SESSIONó óÌÌÌÌò òSTATE€OF€TENNESSEE,à à€à àà àó ó)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)à àÌà àà àAppellee,à àà àà à)à àC.C.A.€No.€03C01„9707„CC„00271Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)Ìvs.à àà àà àà àà àà à)à àBlount€Countyà àÌà àà àà àà àà àà à)Ìò òREGINA€ANN€OWEN,à àà àó óà à)à àHon.€D.€Kelly€Thomas,€Jr.,€Judge€ò òÌó óà àà àà àà àà àà à)Ìà àà àAppellant.à àà àà à)à àœ(Probation€Revocation)›Ì€à àà àà àà àà àà àÌÌÌÌFOR€THE€APPELLANT:à àà àà àà àFOR€THE€APPELLEE:ÌÌò òMACK€GARNERó ó€(on€appeal)à àà àà àò òJOHN€KNOX€WALKUPó óÌDistrict€Public€Defenderà àà àà àà àAttorney€General€&€ReporterÌÌò òNATALEE€S.€HURLEYó ó€(at€hearing)à àà àò òCLINTON€J.€MORGANÌó óAssistant€Dist.€Public€Defenderà àà àà àAsst.€Attorney€GeneralÌ419€High€St.à àà àà àà àà àà à425€Fifth€Ave.€NorthÌMaryville,€TN€€37804à àà àà àà à2d€Floor,€Cordell€Hull€Bldg.Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àà àNashville,€TN€€37243„0493ÌÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àò òMICHAEL€L.€FLYNNÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àó óDistrict€Attorney€GeneralÌò òÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àEDWARD€BAILEYó óÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àAsst.€District€Attorney€GeneralÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà à363€Court€St.Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àà àMaryville,€TN€€37804ÌÌÌOPINION€FILED:________________ÌÌò òœAFFIRMED€AS€MODIFIED›ÌÌCURWOOD€WITT,€JUDGEó óÑ€3ÑÇÑ7€â,XXdðXXdÈ7ÑÑ  ÑÑ  ÑÑ7€ âc XXdðXXdð7Ñà@ àò òòòOPINIONó óóóÌÌÓÓà àà àThe€defendant,€Regina€Ann€Owen,× ƒ4 ××  ×€appeals€from€the€revocation€ofÏher€probationary€sentence.€€She€was€convicted€upon€her€guilty€plea€ofÏattempting€to€obtain€a€controlled€substance€by€fraud,€a€Class€D€felony.€€She€wasÏsentenced€to€serve€one€year€on€probation€and€ordered€to€pay€court€costs€andÏprobation€fees.€€After€the€one€year€had€expired€and€the€defendant€had€not€paidÏœall›€of€her€œcosts,›€œthe€court›€signed€an€agreed€order€extending€probation€for€anÏadditional€œyear.›€€Thereafter,€the€defendant's€probation€officer€filed€a€violationÏreport€alleging€the€defendant€had€violated€her€probation€by€being€convicted€of€aÏmisdemeanor,€using€illegal€drugs,€being€in€arrears€on€probation€fees,€and€notÏmaking€payments€on€the€court€costs.€€Following€a€hearing€at€which€theÏdefendant€was€represented€by€counsel,€the€court€revoked€the€defendant'sÏprobationary€status€and€ordered€her€to€serve€a€minimum€of€30€days€in€theÏcounty€jail,€after€which€time€she€could€obtain€her€freedom€by€payment€in€full€ofÏcourt€costs€and€probation€œfees€and€would€have€fully›€satisfied€her€sentence.€€TheÏdefendant€appeals€from€this€adverse€order,€claiming€the€trial€court€abused€itsÏdiscretion€in€(1)€revoking€her€probationary€status€and€(2)€requiring€her€to€payÏthe€costs€and€fees€in€order€to€obtain€œrelease›€despite€her€indigent€status.€€OnÏreview,€we€affirm€the€revocation€œbut€modify€its€terms.›ÌÌà àà àThe€standard€of€review€upon€appeal€of€an€order€revokingÏprobation€is€the€abuse€of€discretion€standard.€€òòState€v.€Harkinsóó,€811€S.W.2d€79,Ï82€(Tenn.€1991).€€In€order€for€an€abuse€of€discretion€to€occur,€the€reviewingÏcourt€must€find€that€the€record€contains€no€substantial€evidence€sufficient€toÏsupport€the€conclusion€of€the€trial€judge€that€the€violation€of€the€terms€ofÏprobation€has€occurred.€€òòHarkinsóó,€811€S.W.2d€at€82;€òòState€v.€Delpóó,€614€S.W.2dÏ395,€398€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1980).€€The€trial€court€is€required€only€to€find€that€theÏviolation€of€probation€occurred€by€a€preponderance€of€the€evidence.€€Tenn.ÏCode€Ann.€ðð€40„35„311(d)€(1997).€€Upon€a€finding€of€a€violation,€the€trial€court€isÏvested€with€the€statutory€authority€to€"revoke€probation€and€suspension€ofÏsentence€and€cause€the€defendant€to€commence€the€execution€of€the€judgmentÏas€originally€entered."€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„311(d)€(1997).€Furthermore,Ïwhen€probation€is€revoked,€œ"the›€original€judgment€so€rendered€by€the€trial€judgeÏshall€be€in€full€force€and€effect€from€the€date€of€the€revocation€of€suchÏsuspension."€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„310€(1997).€The€trial€judge€retains€theÏdiscretionary€authority€to€order€the€defendant€to€serve€the€original€sentence.ÏòòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Dukeóó,€902€S.W.2d€424,€427€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1995).€ÌÓ  ÓÌÓ  Óà àà àIn€this€case,€the€defendant€admitted€violation€of€the€terms€ofÍprobation.€€This€alone€is€substantial€evidence€of€record€to€support€the€trialÏcourt's€revocation€order.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Michael€Emleróó,€No.€01C01„9512„CC„00424,€slip€op.€at€4€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,€Nashville,€Nov.€27,€1996)€(where€theÏdefendant€admits€violation€of€the€terms€of€probation,€revocation€by€the€trial€courtÏis€œ›œneither›€arbitrary€œnor›€capricious);€òòsee€alsoóó€òòState€v.€Mitzi€Ann€Boydóó,€No.€03C01„9508„CC„00246,€slip€op.€at€3€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,€Knoxville,€Nov.€1,€1996).€€ThereÏwas€evidence€the€defendant€was€œsucceeding›€in€drug€rehabilitation€after€testingÏpositive€for€illicit€drugs€on€numerous€occasions€several€months€œearlier.€ÏAlthough›€she€had€violated€the€law€during€a€domestic€disturbance,€she€believedÏher€criminal€activity€resulted€from€the€adverse€side€effects€of€prescriptionÏmedication.€€However,€the€fact€remains€that€the€defendant€was€given€aÏfavorable€form€of€alternative€sentencing€and€repeatedly€failed€to€abide€by€theÏrules€imposed€upon€her.€€We€cannot€say€the€trial€court€abused€its€discretion€inÏrevoking€probation€for€the€defendant's€prohibited€illicit€drug€use€and€criminalÏactivity.Ìœ›à àà àœWe›€find€œtroubling,€however,›€the€aspect€of€the€trial€court's€orderÏwhich€finds€violations€for€failure€to€pay€costs€and€fines€and€imposesÏincarceration€until€such€monies€are€paid€in€full.€€The€rule€regarding€revocation€ofÏprobation€for€failure€to€pay€fines€and€costs€is€that€a€court€may€not€revoke€untilÏdetermining€the€underlying€reasons€payment€has€not€been€made.€€òòMassey€v.ÍStateóó,€929€S.W.2d€399,€402€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1996)€(citing€òòBearden€v.€Georgiaóó,Ï461€œU.S.›€660,€103€S.€Ct.€2064€(1983)).€€œIf›€the€nonpayment€œis€due€to›€œwillfulÏrefusal€to€pay€or€failure€to€make€sufficient€bona€fide€efforts€to€obtain€the€meansÏto€pay,›€the€probation€œmay›€be€revoked.€€œòòMasseyóó,€929€S.W.2d€at€402€(citationÏomitted);€òòState€v.€Dyeóó,€715€S.W.2d€36,€40,€(Tenn.€1986)€(citation€omitted).€€If,€onÏthe€other€hand,›€the€nonpayment€œstems€from€the€probationer's€inability›€to€œpay,€itÏmay€not€form€the€basis€for›€œimprisonment.›€€òòMasseyóó,€929€S.W.2d€at€402€(citationsÏomitted).œÌÌà àà àIn€the€case€at€bar,€the€court€made€no€finding€that€the€defendant'sÏfailure€to€pay€court€costs€and€probation€fees€was€due€to€willful€refusal€or€failureÏto€make€sufficient€bona€fide€efforts€to€obtain€the€funds€to€pay.›€€The€evidence€wasÏthat€she€had€paid€$45€of€the€$372€owed€for€costs.€€The€defendant's€most€recentÏpayment€of€$10€for€court€costs€had€been€made€in€the€month€prior€to€theÏrevocation€hearing.€€The€amount€owed€for€probation€fees€was€not€in€evidence.€ÏThe€probation€officer€testified€some€of€the€fees€"have€been€reduced,"€althoughÏhe€did€not€specify€whether€this€reduction€resulted€from€the€defendant'sÏpayments€or€administrative€cancellation€of€amounts€owed.€€The€defendantÏtestified€she€is€employed€in€child€care,€earning€$140€to€$150,€"maybe€a€little€bitÏmore"€per€week.€€She€lives€alone,€and€her€rent€and€utilities€are€$125€per€week.€ÍShe€receives€assistance€from€her€aunt€in€paying€the€$66€per€week€for€her€drugÏrehabilitation€program.€€The€defendant€previously€received€Social€SecurityÏDisability€(SSDI)€and€Supplemental€Security€Income€(SSI)€payments;€however,Ïthose€benefits€had€been€terminated.€€According€to€the€probation€officer,€theÏdefendant€is€going€through€an€appeals€process€œin€hopes€of€obtainingÏresumption€of›€those€benefits.€€The€record€does€not€reflect€whether€the€$300€toÏ$448€per€month€that€the€defendant€previously€received€in€SSDI€and€SSIÏbenefits€was€in€addition€to€or€in€the€place€of€her€current€income€from€child€care.€ÏThe€state€adduced€no€evidence€regarding€the€defendant's€physical€condition,Ïmental€capabilities,€education,€transportation,€and€work€experience€„„€factorsÏwhich€might€be€illustrative€of€whether€she€was€able€to€obtain€more€lucrativeÏemployment.œ›€€Thus,€a€finding€of€willful€œrefusal€or€failure€to€make€sufficient€bonaÏfide€efforts€to€obtain€the€means€to€reduce›€indebtedness€for€fees€and€costs€wouldÏnot€be€supported€on€this€record.€€The€trial€court€erred€in€revoking€theÏdefendant's€probation€œon€the€basis€of€failure€to€pay€the€fees€and€costs›€withoutÏsuch€a€finding,€although€the€revocation€is€otherwise€supported€by€the€additionalÏviolations.€€ÌÌà àà àFurther,€we€find€that€the€trial€court€should€not€have€required€theÏdefendant€to€"buy€her€way€out€of€jail"€absent€a€finding€she€had€the€means€toÍsatisfy€the€indebtedness€and€willfully€had€not€done€so.€€We€are€thereforeÏcompelled€to€modify€the€court's€judgment€to€reflect€that€the€defendant€is€to€serveÏ30€days€in€jail€for€her€violations€of€probation.œ× ƒ5 ××  ×›€€After€that€time,€she€is€to€beÏreturned€to€probationary€status€until€the€terms€of€her€sentence€are€satisfied€asÏthey€presently€stand€or€are€modified€by€the€court€below.œ›ÌÌÓÓœ›à àà àà àà àà àà à_______________________________Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àCURWOOD€WITT,€JUDGEÌÌÌÌœCONCUR:ÌÌÌÌÌ_____________________________›ÌPAUL€G.€SUMMERS,€JUDGEÌÌÌÌ_____________________________ÌJERRY€L.€SMITH,€JUDGEÌÌÌÌ