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' ib011r90ib011r9 .   ÿÿSDU_17ÿÿSDU_183|x œÝ ƒGÄ($ÝÔUSUS.,Ôà  àòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÔ‡ôýP òXXÔIn€addition€to€his€allegation€that€Counsel€failed€to€procure€a€DNA€expert,€the€Petitioner€contended€that€heÐ ° ÐÓ  Ówas€denied€effective€assistance€of€counsel€because€of€the€following:€Counsel€did€not€explain€the€charges€to€him;€CounselÐ tÄ Ðdid€not€fully€investigate€the€facts€or€interview€potential€witnesses;€Counsel€did€not€move€for€a€continuance€to€procureÐ 8ˆ Ðan€expert;€Counsel€did€not€effectively€cross„examine€witnesses;€and€Counsel€did€not€call€a€potential€alibi€witness.ÿÿSDU_19ÿÿSDU_20ÿÿSDU_21ÿÿSDU_22ÿU‹ÿÀÀÀ3#37=CIQYag­­1.a.i.(1)(a)(i)1)a)bi)Ý ƒüœ!ÝÔUSUS.,ÔÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÓ  ÓÔ‡MXºÊXXXÔÔ‡MîSVîXMXºÊÔÑ€QœÑIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEÐ ° Ðà@@RR$ìàAT€KNOXVILLEÔ#†MXºÊXîMîSVh#ÔÔ‡M¼K·»XMXºÊÔÐ Ö& Ðà @ àà @` àAssigned€on€Briefs€September€23,€2003Ð üL ÐÔ#†MXºÊX»M¼K·#ÔÔ‡M¼K·»XMXºÊÔÌò òÔ#†MXºÊX»M¼K·Ä#ÔòòóóÔ‡M¼K·»XMXºÊÔMICHAEL€ANDERSON€PEEK€v.€Ô#†MXºÊX»M¼K·#ÔÔ‡M¼K·»XMXºÊÔÔ#†¼K·»»M¼K·I#ÔÔ‡M¼K·»»¼K·ÔòòóóSTATE€OF€TENNESSEEÔ#†MXºÊX»M¼K·k#ÔÔ‡M¼K·»XMXºÊÔó ó€Ô#†¼K·»»M¼K·­#ÔÔ#†XºÊX»¼K·#Ôò òòòóóó óÔ‡¼K·»XXºÊÔÔ‡M¼K·»»¼K·ÔÐ  p ÐÌÔ#†MXºÊX»M¼K·|#ÔÔ‡MîSVîXMXºÊÔà@@½½ìàò òÔ#†MXºÊXîMîSVó#ÔDirect€Appeal€from€the€Criminal€Court€for€Hamilton€CountyÐ J š Ðà@@øøìàNo.€237930€€€€€€Douglas€A.€Meyer,€JudgeÐ 6 † ÐÌÌà@@ìì*ìàßA€ET) °°` d€÷E<ù` AßÐ úJ  ÐÌà@@TTìàNo.€E2003„00449„CCA„R3„PC€Ð õE  ÐNovember€20,€Ô_Ô2003Ô_ÔÐ á1  ÐßA€ET) °°` dE<Ì` AßÐ Í  Ðó óÌÓ  ÓÔ#†XºÊXXMXºÊ›#ÔÔ‡MXºÊXXXºÊÔA€Hamilton€County€jury€convicted€the€Petitioner,€Michael€Anderson€Peek,€of€four€counts€ofÐ È Ðaggravated€rape,€one€count€of€attempted€aggravated€rape,€three€counts€of€rape,€one€count€ofÐ ´ Ðaggravated€robbery,€two€counts€of€robbery,€and€three€counts€of€aggravated€burglary.€€The€trial€courtÐ  ð Ðimposed€an€effective€sentence€of€ninety„nine€years€in€prison.€€On€direct€appeal,€this€Court€affirmedÐ ŒÜ Ðthe€convictions,€and€the€Tennessee€Supreme€Court€denied€the€Petitionerððs€application€for€permissionÐ xÈ Ðto€appeal.€€The€Petitioner€then€sought€post„conviction€relief,€alleging€that€he€was€denied€effectiveÐ d´ Ðassistance€of€counsel.€€Following€a€hearing€on€the€post„conviction€petition,€the€trial€court€dismissedÐ P  Ðthe€petition,€and€this€appeal€ensued.€€We€affirm€the€trial€courtððs€dismissal€of€the€petition.Ð <Œ ÐÔ#†XºÊXXMXºÊa#ÔÔ‡MXºÊXXXºÊÔÌÓ2Óò òTenn.€R.€App.€P.€3€Appeal€as€of€Right;€Judgment€of€the€Criminal€Court€Affirmedó óÐ d ÐÌòòÓ  ÓRobert€W.€Ô_ÔWedemeyerÔ_Ô,€J.óó,€delivered€the€opinion€of€the€court,€in€which€òòDavid€H.€Wellesóó€andÐ ì< ÐòòJames€Ô_ÔCurwoodÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔWittÔ_Ô,€Jr.,€JJ.óó,€joined.Ð Ø( ÐÌBill€Ô_ÔSpeekÔ_Ô,€Chattanooga,€Tennessee,€for€the€appellant,€Michael€Anderson€Peek.Ð ° ÐÌPaul€G.€Summers,€Attorney€General€and€Reporter;€Michael€Moore,€Solicitor€General;€Renee€W.Ð ˆ!Ø  ÐTurner,€Assistant€Attorney€General;€William€H.€Cox,€III,€District€Attorney€General;€Ô#†XºÊXXMXºÊW #ÔÔ‡MXºÊXXXºÊÔand€Rodney€C.Ð t"Ä! ÐStrongÔ#†XºÊXXMXºÊ #ÔÔ‡MXºÊXXXºÊÔ,€Assistant€District€Attorney€General,€for€the€appellee,€State€of€Tennessee.Ð `#°" ÐÌÌÓô Óà@@OO&ìàò òOPINIONó óÐ $&t!% ÐòòóóÓ  ÓÔ#†XºÊXXMXºÊë #ÔÔ‡MXºÊXXXºÊÔà@±±&ìàò òI.€Factsó óˆÐ '`"& ÐÔ#†XºÊXXMXºÊæ#ÔÌà  àOur€Court€summarized€the€underlying€facts€of€the€Petitionerððs€case€on€direct€appeal€asÐ è(8$( Ðfollows:Ð Ô)$%) ÐÌÓ  ÓVictim€OneÐ ¬+ü&+ ÐÌÓ  Óà8  àà ` àThe€first€victim,€T.P.,€a€thirty„one„year„old€single€mother,€testified€that€sheÐ „-Ô(- ÐÑQœÑâ QâÑ8€ºÊXXdìdÈ8ÑÑ€NÑâ QâÑ  ÑÔ_Ôlived€in€the€Hamilton€Point€Apartments€in€the€East€Brainerd€area€of€ChattanoogaÐ ° Ðwith€her€two€young€sons.€€On€the€morning€of€Wednesday,€January€11,€1995,€she€hadÐ œì Ðawakened€her€sons€as€usual,€fed€them€breakfast,€and€waited€with€them€for€the€schoolÐ ˆØ Ðbus.€€At€about€8:30€a.m.,€she€returned€to€her€apartment€and€was€completing€someÐ tÄ Ðpaperwork€in€her€bedroom€when€she€heard€her€front€door€creak€open.€€She€walkedÐ `° Ðtoward€her€bedroom€door€and€saw€a€man€standing€in€the€hallway.€€He€wore€a€bandanaÐ L œ Ðover€his€face€and€some€type€of€a€hat€to€cover€his€hair.€€With€his€hand€in€his€jacketÐ 8 ˆ Ðpocket,€he€told€her€not€to€scream€or€he€Ô% ‡C ÔÔ%†C(Ôwould€ð ðput€a€hole€inðð€her.€€He€told€her€to€takeÐ $ t Ðoff€her€glasses€and€turn€around.€€He€then€went€through€her€dresser€until€he€foundÐ  ` Ðsome€stockings€which€he€used€to€blindfold€her.€€From€that€point€on,€she€could€seeÐ ü L  Ðnothing€and€testified€that€she€could€not€visually€identify€her€attacker.€€She€did€tellÐ è 8  Ðhim€that€her€sons€needed€her€and€that€he€could€take€whatever€he€wanted€if€he€wouldÐ Ô$  Ðpromise€not€to€hurt€her.ÐÀ Ð Ð  ÐÌà8  àà ` àAfter€T.P.€was€blindfolded,€she€was€told€to€ð ðdisrobeðð€and€sit€down€on€the€bed.€Ð ˜è  ÐHer€attacker€then€told€her€to€lay€down€on€the€bed€where€he€fondled€her€and€told€herÐ „Ô  Ðhow€pretty€she€was.€€He€then€penetrated€her€vaginally€with€his€penis€and€ejaculated.Ð pÀ ÐT.P.€also€testified€that€her€attacker€had€asked€her€to€ð ðmake€love€to€him€like€I€did€myÐ \¬ Ðhusband.ðð€€After€the€rape,€he€asked€if€ð ðit€was€goodðð€for€her€and€said€that€it€ð ðwasnððtÐ H˜ Ðthat€goodðð€for€him.€€She€chose€to€say€nothing,€fearing€that€if€she€said€the€wrong€thing,Ð 4„ Ðhe€would€kill€her.€€He€then€went€into€her€closet,€took€a€pair€of€shoelaces€out€of€herÐ  p Ðtennis€shoes,€tied€her€hands€behind€her€back,€and€tied€her€feet.€€He€took€money€fromÐ  \ Ðher€purse€and€from€a€coin€holder€on€top€of€the€stove.€€After€pulling€telephone€cordsÐ øH Ðout€of€the€walls,€he€came€back€to€the€bedroom€and€told€her€if€she€wanted€to€see€herÐ ä4 Ðsons€alive,€she€would€ð ðwrite€this€off€as€a€bad€experienceðð€and€learn€to€lock€her€door.€Ð Ð  ÐHe€told€her€that€ð ðhis€boysðð€were€watching€her€and€that€if€she€wanted€to€see€her€sonsÐ ¼  Ðmake€it€home,€she€would€not€call€the€police.€€Once€her€attacker€had€left€and€she€wasÐ ¨ø Ðfree,€she€Ô% ‡F ÔÔ%†F Ôlocked€her€door€and€called€the€police€using€parts€of€telephone€equipment€sheÐ ”ä Ðcould€piece€together.ЀÐÐ Ð  ÐÌà8  àà ` àT.P.ððs€testimony€was€followed€by€the€testimony€of€three€of€her€neighbors:Ð X ¨ ÐPatty€Shipley,€who€lived€in€the€apartment€diagonally€across€from€the€victim;€ReneeÐ D!” ÐDiane€Moton,€who€lived€with€her€son€in€the€apartment€directly€across€from€T.P.;€andÐ 0"€  ÐSherman€Moton,€the€eleven„year„old€son€of€Moton.€€Shipley€positively€identified€theÐ #l! Ðdefendant€as€the€man€she€saw€outside€the€apartment€building€as€she€was€leaving€onÐ $X" Ðthe€morning€of€January€11,€1995,€at€approximately€7:15€a.m.€€The€defendant€wasÐ ô$D # Ðstanding€in€front€of€T.P.ððs€car,€ð ðjust€kind€of€propped€up€there.ðð€€Moton€and€her€sonÐ à%0!$ Ðpositively€identified€the€defendant€as€the€man€each€saw€standing€at€the€end€of€theÐ Ì&"% Ðbreezeway€outside€of€the€victimððs€apartment€on€the€morning€of€January€11,€1995,€atÐ ¸'#& Ðapproximately€8:00€a.m.€€The€defendant€was€leaning€against€a€fence€at€the€end€of€theÐ ¤(ô#' Ðbreezeway€and€ð ðlooking€out€into€the€woods.ðð€€In€each€case,€the€defendant€and€theÐ )à$( Ðwitnesses€had€spoken,€exchanging€common€greetings.Ð|*Ì%)Ð Ð  ÐÐ h+¸&* Ðà8  àà ` àT.P.€was€examined€by€Dr.€Bert€Geer€at€the€Erlanger€Medical€Center,Ð ° Ðaccording€to€police€protocol€for€possible€rape€victims.€€Dr.€Geer€collected€samplesÐ œì Ðfor€a€rape€kit€which€were€turned€over€to€the€Chattanooga€Police€Department€for€DNAÐ ˆØ Ðtesting.€€The€victimððs€medical€history€and€assault€information€form,€a€twenty„€fiveÐ tÄ Ðquestion,€preprinted€form,€included€T.P.ððs€identification€of€the€race€of€her€assailantÐ `° Ðas€African„American.ÐL œÐ Ð  ÐÌà8  àà ` àT.P.€subsequently€listened€for€approximately€fifteen€minutes€to€a€tape€of€anÐ $ t Ðinterview€between€the€defendant€and€Detective€Bill€Phillips€of€the€ChattanoogaÐ  ` ÐPolice€Department€under€conditions€agreed€to€by€the€defendant€and€the€State.€€T.P.Ð ü L  Ðpositively€identified€the€voice€of€the€defendant€as€the€voice€of€her€attacker.Ðè 8 Ð Ð  ÐÌà8  àà ` àThe€Stateððs€expert€witness,€TBI€Agent€Joe€Minor,€testified€that€the€vaginalÐ À  Ðsmears€taken€from€T.P.ððs€rape€kit€had€been€tested€at€the€Tennessee€Bureau€ofÐ ¬ü  ÐInvestigationððs€forensic€services€division€in€Nashville.€€The€five„probe€DNA€testÐ ˜è  Ðresulted€in€a€DNA€profile€that€matched€the€specimen€obtained€from€the€defendantÐ „Ô  Ðwith€a€probability€of€selecting€an€unrelated€individual€at€random€with€a€matchingÐ pÀ ÐDNA€profileð!ðor€the€odds€that€someone€other€than€the€defendant€would€have€the€sameÐ \¬ ÐDNA€profileð!ðbeing€approximately€one€in€19,000€in€the€Caucasian€population€andÐ H˜ Ðapproximately€one€in€22,000€in€the€African€American€population.€€According€toÐ 4„ ÐAgent€Minorððs€testimony,€greater€than€99.99€percent€of€the€population€could€beÐ  p Ðexcluded€as€being€the€source€of€the€DNA€sample€taken€from€T.P.Ð \Ð Ð  ÐÌà8  àà ` àBased€on€these€facts,€the€defendant€was€convicted€of€three€separate€felonies:Ð ä4 Ðaggravated€rape€for€the€vaginal€penetration€of€the€victim€while€leading€the€victim€toÐ Ð  Ðreasonably€believe€that€he€had€a€weapon;€aggravated€robbery€for€the€theft€of€moneyÐ ¼  Ðwhile€leading€the€victim€to€reasonably€believe€that€he€had€a€weapon;€and€aggravatedÐ ¨ø Ðburglary€for€entering€a€habitation€and€Ô% ‡J ÔÔ%†J+ÔÔ‡AXºÊXXXºÊÔcommitting€a€felony.€€The€sentences,€allÐ ”ä Ðconcurrent€for€this€series€of€acts,€were€twenty„five€years,€twelve€years,€and€six€years,Ð €Ð Ðrespectively.Ðl¼Ð Ð  ÐÌÔ#†XºÊXXAXºÊ­+#ÔÓ  ÓVictim€TwoÐ D!” ÐÓ  ÓÌÓ  Óà8  àà ` àThe€second€victim,€K.S.,€a€twenty„three„year„old,€also€lived€at€Hamilton€PointÐ #l! ÐApartments€but€in€a€different€building€from€T.P.€€K.S.€testified€that€on€December€8,Ð $X" Ð1995,€she€was€returning€home€alone€from€her€job€at€a€local€restaurant€atÐ ô$D # Ðapproximately€2:20€a.m.€€Because€all€the€parking€places€in€front€of€her€building€wereÐ à%0!$ Ðtaken,€she€had€to€park€on€the€side.€€She€locked€her€car€and,€carrying€her€work€apronÐ Ì&"% Ðin€her€hand,€walked€around€to€the€front€of€the€building€when€a€man€emerged€from€theÐ ¸'#& Ðbreezeway.€€She€could€tell€he€was€an€African€American.€€She€was€not€alarmed,Ð ¤(ô#' Ðthinking€the€man€was€one€of€her€neighbors,€until€she€noticed€that€he€had€his€faceÐ )à$( Ðcovered.€€She€began€to€scream€as€he€grabbed€her€from€behind€and€covered€her€mouthÐ |*Ì%) Ðwith€his€hand.€€He€told€her€to€be€quiet€or€he€would€hurt€her.€€He€steered€her€over€toÐ h+¸&* Ðthe€side€of€the€building€where€four€air€conditioning€units€were€located€behind€aÐ ° Ðlatticework€fence€and€bushes.МìÐ Ð  ÐÌà8  àà ` àOnce€they€reached€a€space€in€the€middle€between€two€units,€they€stopped.Ð tÄ ÐK.S.€was€able€to€engage€the€defendant€in€a€discussion€of€genital€warts,€which€sheÐ `° Ðclaimed€to€have;€of€her€roommate€situation;€and€of€the€fact€that€she€wasÐ L œ Ðmenstruating.€€She€testified€that€his€tone€with€her€was€ð ðvery€conversational,€veryÐ 8 ˆ Ðcalm,€very€deliberate,€like€not€a€thing€in€the€world€is€going€wrong€here.ðð€€Ô% ‡K ÔÔ%†K°3ÔÔ‡AXºÊXXXºÊÔHe€finallyÐ $ t Ðtold€her€to€take€off€all€her€clothes€and€be€quiet€or€he€would€kill€her.€€He€allowed€herÐ  ` Ðto€remove€a€tampon€and€then,€taking€her€shoulders,€pushed€her€over€one€of€the€unitsÐ ü L  Ðand€penetrated€her€anally.€€K.S.€testified€that€after€the€rape€was€over,€the€defendantÐ è 8  Ðasked€for€her€money€and€took€what€he€found€in€the€pocket€of€her€pants.ÐÔ$ Ð Ð  ÐÌà8  àà ` àK.S.€sought€the€help€of€neighbors€who€called€the€police.€€She€was€taken€to€theÐ ¬ü  ÐRape€Crisis€Center€where€a€rape€kit€was€processed€on€her€and€given€to€the€police.Ð ˜è  ÐK.S.€identified€the€race€of€her€attacker€as€African„American€on€the€victimððs€medicalÐ „Ô  Ðhistory€and€assault€information€form€completed€at€the€Rape€Crisis€Center.ÐpÀÐ Ð  ÐÌà8  àà ` àOn€March€14,€1997,€K.S.€listened€to€the€same€voice€exemplar€that€T.P.€hadÐ H˜ Ðheard.€€K.S.€positively€identified€the€voice€of€the€defendant€as€the€voice€of€the€manÐ 4„ Ðwho€raped€her.Ð pÐ Ð  ÐÌà8  àà ` àThe€Stateððs€expert,€Agent€Minor,€testified€that€the€DNA€profile€from€seminalÐ øH Ðfluid€on€the€work€apron€used€by€the€defendant€to€wipe€himself€after€the€rape€wasÐ ä4 Ðtested€at€the€TBI€laboratory€and€matched€the€defendantððs€with€a€probability€ofÐ Ð  Ðselecting€an€unrelated€individual€at€random€being€approximately€one€in€27€billion€inÐ ¼  Ðthe€Caucasian€population€and€one€in€195€billion€in€the€African„American€population.Ô% ‡L ÔÔ#†XºÊXXAXºÊÎ3#ÔÔ%†Lx:Ô׃D×Ý ƒI#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×ШøÐ Ð  ÐÌà8  àà ` àBased€on€these€facts,€the€defendant€was€convicted€of€rape€for€the€analÐ €Ð Ðpenetration€of€the€victim€and€robbery€for€the€theft€of€money€from€the€victimððsÐ l¼ Ðclothing.€€The€sentences,€both€to€be€served€concurrently,€were€twelve€years€and€sixÐ X ¨ Ðyears€respectively.€€The€sentences€were€ordered€to€be€served€consecutively€to€theÐ D!” Ðtwenty„five€year€sentence€for€the€aggravated€rape€of€T.P.€in€No.€213109.Ð0"€ Ð Ð  ÐÌÓ  ÓVictim€ThreeÐ $X" ÐÌÓ  Óà8  àà ` àThe€third€victim,€G.C.,€a€forty„four„year„old€woman,€testified€that€she€was€aÐ à%0!$ Ðresident€of€Hidden€Creek€Apartments,€a€complex€in€the€same€neighborhood€as€theÐ Ì&"% ÐHamilton€Point€Apartments€where€victims€one€and€two€lived.€€G.C.€testified€that€onÐ ¸'#& ÐFriday,€January€26,€1996,€at€approximately€7:00€p.m.,€she€had€parked€her€car€in€theÐ ° Ðapartment€lot€and€was€walking€toward€her€building€when€a€man€came€toward€her€andÐ œì Ðthen€moved€behind€her€and€grabbed€her,€placing€his€hand€over€her€mouth€to€preventÐ ˆØ Ðher€from€screaming.€€He€threatened€to€stab€her€in€the€heart,€a€threat€he€repeated€overÐ tÄ Ðthe€course€of€the€events€that€followed.€€He€dragged€her€to€the€bushes,€pushed€herÐ `° Ðdown€into€the€mud,€and€took€the€money€she€had€in€her€purse.€€As€she€struggled,€heÐ L œ Ðdragged€and€pushed€her€through€dense€woods€behind€the€apartment€complex.Ð8 ˆÐ Ð  ÐÌà8  àà ` àWhen€they€got€to€a€clearing€in€the€woods,€the€defendant€stopped€and€told€G.C.Ð  ` Ðto€take€off€all€her€clothes.€€The€defendant€first€made€her€get€on€her€knees€and€performÐ ü L  Ðoral€sex.€€Afterwards,€he€had€her€cover€her€eyes€with€her€hands€while€he€pulled€hisÐ è 8  Ðhat€over€her€face€so€that€she€could€not€see.€€Later,€he€blindfolded€her€by€tying€herÐ Ô$  Ðturtleneck€sweater€around€her€face.€€He€then€made€her€lie€down€and€he€penetrated€herÐ À  Ðvaginally,€telling€her€that€ð ð[y]ouððre€supposed€to€be€enjoying€this.€€I€mean,€act€likeÐ ¬ü  Ðyouððre€enjoying€this.€€Youððre€supposed€to€pretend€youððre€enjoying€this.ðð€€TheÐ ˜è  Ðdefendant€threatened€anal€rape€but€did€not€carry€out€this€threat.€€Instead,€he€took€lacesÐ „Ô  Ðfrom€G.C.ððs€boots,€tied€her€hands€behind€her€back,€tied€her€feet€in€front€of€her,€andÐ pÀ Ðleft€her€blindfolded€with€her€own€turtleneck.Ð\¬Ð Ð  ÐÌà8  àà ` àOnce€free,€G.C.€ran€into€her€apartment€and€called€911.€€She€was€taken€to€theÐ 4„ ÐRape€Crisis€Center€where€a€rape€kit€was€processed€on€her€and€given€to€the€police.€SheÐ  p Ðidentified€her€attackerððs€race€as€African„American€on€the€victimððs€medical€historyÐ  \ Ðand€assault€information€form€completed€at€the€Rape€Crisis€Center.ÐøHÐ Ð  ÐÌà8  àà ` àG.C.€was€unable€to€positively€identify€the€voice€on€the€exemplar€as€that€of€herÐ Ð  Ðassailant.€€She€did€testify€that€in€the€moments€before€the€defendant€grabbed€her€onÐ ¼  Ðthe€night€of€January€26,€she€recognized€him€as€the€same€man€who€had€passed€her€onÐ ¨ø Ðthe€walkway€just€nights€earlier,€similarly€bundled€up.ДäÐ Ð  ÐÌà8  àà ` àAgent€Minor€testified€that€the€DNA€profile€from€vaginal€swabs€taken€fromÐ l¼ ÐÔ% ‡R ÔÔ%†RwIÔG.C.ððs€rape€kit€were€tested€at€the€TBI€laboratory€and€matched€the€defendantððs€profileÐ X ¨ Ðwith€a€probability€of€selecting€an€unrelated€individual€at€random€being€approximatelyÐ D!” Ðone€in€370,000€in€the€Caucasian€population€and€one€in€777,000€in€the€African„Ð 0"€  ÐAmerican€population.Ð#l!Ð Ð  ÐÌà8  àà ` àRebecca€Adams,€who€lived€in€the€same€apartment€complex€in€the€unit€besideÐ ô$D # ÐG.C.,€testified€to€the€following€events€of€January€24,€1996,€just€two€days€before€theÐ à%0!$ Ðdefendant€attacked€and€raped€G.C.:ÐÌ&"%Ð Ð  ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àIt€was€late€at€night,€Iððd€been€working€fairly€late€and€it€was€after€elevenÐ ¤(ô#' Ðoððclock€at€night.€€It€was€dark€out€and€misty.€€It€had€been€raining€aÐ )à$( Ðlittle€bit,€I€think.€€And€I€parked€and€got€my€mail€and€I€was€carryingÐ |*Ì%) Ðtwo€bags€in€my€hand€walking€towards€my€apartment,€which€is€on€theÐ h+¸&* Ðother€side€of€the€parking€lot.€€And€as€I€walked€across€the€parking€lot,Ð ° Ðthere€was€someone€standing€there€in€the€shadows.€€It€was€someoneÐ œì Ðwho€was€wearing€a€hooded€jacket,€and,€and€as€I€walked€towards€myÐ ˆØ Ðapartment€complex,€that€person€moved€out€from€behind€the€shadowsÐ tÄ Ðand€started€walking€towards€me.€Ð `° ÐAnd€I€walked€a€little€bit€faster€and€that€person€fell€in€line€approachingÐ L œ Ðtowards€me,€walking€behind€me.€€And€I€walked€faster€and€he€walkedÐ 8 ˆ Ðfaster,€and€I€could€feel€that€any,€within€a€short€amount€of€time,€he€wasÐ $ t Ðgoing€to€be€very,€very€close€to€me,€and€I€was€getting€very€concerned,Ð  ` Ðand€I€didnððt€really€know€what€to€do,€but€I€turned€around€and€I€said,Ð ü L  Ðð ðHi,€how€are€you?ðð€€And€he,€he€just€kind€of€stumbled.€€I€think€I€tookÐ è 8  Ðhim€a€little€bit€by€surprise,€and€he€startedð!ðÔ‡AXºÊXXXºÊÔhe€moved€a€little€bit€andÐ Ô$  Ðcontinued€walking,€but€moved€a€little€bit€out€of€my€direction,€andÐ À  Ðthen€I€just€walked€up€to€my€apartment€as€quick€as€I€could.€Ð ¬ü  Ð.€.€.€.€Ð ˜è  ÐQ.€€Okay.€€Do€you,€would€you€be€able€to€recognize€the€person€whoÐ „Ô  Ðwas€behind€you€when€you,€who€you€greeted?€Ð pÀ ÐA.€€Yes.€Ð \¬ ÐQ.€€Can€you€tell€the€jury€whether€or€not€that€person€is€in€theÐ H˜ Ðcourtroom€today?€Ð 4„ ÐA.€€Yes.€Ð  p ÐQ.€€And€for€purposes€of€the€record€and€for€the€jury,€could€you€identifyÐ  \ Ðwho€that€person€is?€Ð øH ÐA.€€The€person€in€the€blue€shirt€over€there€holding€his€hand€up.Ðä4` x` x ÐÌà8  àà ` àBased€on€these€facts,€the€defendant€was€convicted€of€rape€for€sexuallyÐ ¼  Ðpenetrating€the€victim€by€fellatio;€rape€for€the€vaginal€penetration€of€the€victim;€andÐ ¨ø Ðrobbery€for€the€theft€of€money€from€her€purse.€€The€sentences,€all€to€be€servedÐ ”ä Ðconcurrently,€were€twelve€years,€twelve€years,€and€six€years€respectively.€€TheÐ €Ð Ðsentences€were€ordered€to€be€served€consecutively€to€the€twelve„year€sentence€for€theÐ l¼ Ðrape€of€K.S.€in€No.€213111.ÐX ¨Ð Ð  ÐÌÔ#†XºÊXXAXºÊQ#ÔÓ  ÓVictim€FourÐ 0"€  ÐÓ  ÓÌÓ  Óà8  àà ` àThe€fourth€victim,€K.T.,€a€twenty„five„year„old€single€mother€of€two€children,Ð $X" Ðages€three€and€one,€testified€that€on€July€1,€1996,€she€was€living€in€the€Ô% ‡V ÔÔ%†V\XÔÔ‡AXºÊXXXºÊÔdownstairsÐ ô$D # Ðapartment€of€a€duplex€she€shared€with€her€sister,€who€lived€in€the€upstairs€apartment.Ð à%0!$ ÐThe€duplex€is€in€the€East€Lake€area€of€Chattanooga.€€On€this€night,€K.T.€had€put€herÐ Ì&"% Ðchildren€to€sleep€on€the€couch€and€made€a€pallet€for€herself€beside€them€on€the€floorÐ ¸'#& Ðbecause€it€was€hot€and€her€apartment€had€no€air€conditioning.€€At€some€point€duringÐ ¤(ô#' Ðthe€night,€she€woke€up€because€someone€was€dragging€her€through€the€apartment.€Ð )à$( ÐHe€had€his€hands€over€her€nose€and€mouth.Ð|*Ì%)Ð Ð  ÐÐ h+¸&* Ðà8  àà ` àK.T.€testified€that€she€started€fighting€and€struggling€against€her€attacker€untilÐ ° Ðhe€slammed€her€against€a€wall,€telling€her€to€stop€fighting,€and€placed€a€knife€to€herÐ œì Ðthroat.€€When€she€saw€her€three„year„old€daughter€in€front€of€her,€screaming€andÐ ˆØ Ðcrying,€she€stopped€fighting.€€Her€attacker€told€her€to€send€her€daughter€back€to€bedÐ tÄ Ðin€the€living€room,€and€she€complied.€€He€then€blindfolded€her€with€one€of€her€teeÐ `° Ðshirts€and€told€her€to€take€her€clothes€off.€€She€was€wearing€a€tee€shirt€and€shorts€andÐ L œ Ðremoved€her€shorts.€Her€attacker€told€her,€ð ðI€hear€you€do€it€good,€you€better,€becauseÐ 8 ˆ Ðyour€life€depends€on€it.ðð€€He€then€forced€her€to€perform€oral€sex€on€him€in€herÐ $ t Ðbedroom.€€He€led€her€back€into€the€hallway,€telling€her€to€get€down€on€the€floor€onÐ  ` Ðher€knees,€and€attempted€to€have€anal€sex€with€her.€€Instead€he€penetrated€herÐ ü L  Ðvaginally,€threatening€to€cut€her€throat€if€anyone€showed€up.€€Finally,€he€took€herÐ è 8  Ðback€into€her€bedroom€where€he€tied€her€hands€behind€her€back€and€then€tied€her€feetÐ Ô$  Ðto€her€hands,€using€a€vacuum€cleaner€cord€he€had€cut€before€the€attack€started,€andÐ À  Ðleaving€Ô% ‡W ÔÔ#†XºÊXXAXºÊzX#ÔÔ%†W`Ôher€lying€on€her€stomach€on€her€bed,€blindfolded.€€Once€he€was€gone,€herÐ ¬ü  Ðthree„€year„old€daughter€came€and€took€the€blindfold€off€her€mother€and€untied€herÐ ˜è  Ðhands€and€feet.Ð„Ô Ð Ð  ÐÌà8  àà ` àK.T.ððs€sister€called€the€police,€and€the€victim€was€taken€to€the€Rape€CrisisÐ \¬ ÐCenter.€€A€rape€kit€was€processed€on€her€and€turned€over€to€the€police.€€K.T.Ð H˜ Ðidentified€her€attacker€as€an€African€American€male€on€the€victimððs€medical€historyÐ 4„ Ðand€assault€information€form€completed€at€the€Rape€Crisis€Center.Ð pÐ Ð  ÐÌà8  àà ` àAgent€Minor€testified€that€the€vaginal€slide€and€swabs€from€K.T.ððs€rape€kitÐ øH Ðwere€tested€at€the€TBI€laboratory€and€matched€the€defendantððs€DNA€profile€with€aÐ ä4 Ðprobability€of€selecting€an€unrelated€individual€at€random€with€a€matching€DNAÐ Ð  Ðprofileð!ðor€the€odds€that€someone€other€than€the€defendant€would€have€the€same€DNAÐ ¼  Ðprofileð!ðbeing€one€in€50€million€in€the€Caucasian€population€and€one€in€145€millionÐ ¨ø Ðin€the€African„American€population.ДäÐ Ð  ÐÌà8  àà ` àK.T.€also€listened€to€the€voice€exemplar€of€the€defendant€for€approximatelyÐ l¼ Ðfifteen€minutes.€€She€made€a€positive€identification€of€the€voice€of€the€defendant€asÐ X ¨ Ðthat€of€the€man€who€raped€her€on€July€1,€1996.ÐD!”Ð Ð  ÐÌà8  àà ` àOn€cross„examination,€K.T.€testified€that€a€few€days€prior€to€the€attack,€theÐ #l! Ðdefendant€had€driven€by€the€duplex€she€shared€with€her€sister€on€his€motorcycle€andÐ $X" Ðspoken€to€the€two€sisters€while€they€were€sitting€on€the€porch€at€approximately€11:00Ð ô$D # Ðp.m.€€He€did€not€get€off€his€motorcycle€but€commented€that€Ô% ‡Z ÔÔ%†Z~hÔÔ‡AXºÊXXXºÊÔhe€had€seen€them€fromÐ à%0!$ Ðthe€gas€station€across€the€street€and€wanted€to€stop€and€say€hello€since€he€had€notÐ Ì&"% Ðseen€them€for€a€number€of€years.€€K.T.€testified€that€she€recognized€the€defendant€asÐ ¸'#& Ðsomeone€she€had€known€slightly€some€thirteen€years€earlier€when€the€defendant€wasÐ ¤(ô#' Ðdating€a€woman€who€lived€above€her.Ð)à$(Ð Ð  ÐÌà8  àà ` àThe€events€of€July€1,€1996,€led€to€four€separate€convictions:€aggravated€rapeÐ h+¸&* Ðfor€the€vaginal€penetration€of€the€victim€while€leading€the€victim€to€reasonablyÐ ° Ðbelieve€that€her€attacker€had€a€knife;€aggravated€rape€for€the€oral€penetration€of€theÐ œì Ðvictim€while€leading€the€victim€to€reasonably€believe€that€her€attacker€had€a€knife;Ð ˆØ Ðattempted€aggravated€rape€for€the€attempted€anal€rape€of€the€victim;€and€aggravatedÐ tÄ Ðburglary€for€entering€a€habitation€and€committing€a€felony.€€The€sentences€for€thisÐ `° Ðseries€of€acts€were€twenty„five€years,€twenty„five€years,€twelve€years,€and€six€yearsÐ L œ Ðrespectively.€€The€sentences€were€ordered€concurrent€with€each€other,€but€the€twoÐ 8 ˆ Ðsentences€for€aggravated€rape€and€the€sentence€for€attempted€aggravated€rape€wereÐ $ t Ðordered€consecutive€to€the€twelve„year€sentence€for€the€rape€of€G.C.€in€No.€213113.Ð `Ð Ð  ÐÌÔ#†XºÊXXAXºÊœh#ÔÓ  ÓVictim€FiveÐ è 8  ÐÓ  ÓÌÓ  Óà8  àà ` àThe€fifth€victim,€G.H.,€a€fifty„one„year„old€woman,€testified€that€she€lived€inÐ À  Ðher€own€home€also€in€the€East€Lake€area€of€Chattanooga.€€G.H.€testified€further€thatÐ ¬ü  Ðshe€had€gone€to€bed€on€a€pallet€in€her€living€room€because€the€air€conditioning€in€herÐ ˜è  Ðhouse€was€not€working.€€When€her€alarm€clock€went€off€at€4:00€a.m.€on€July€30,Ð „Ô  Ð1996,€she€hit€the€snooze€button€and€lay€back€down.€Just€Ô% ‡[ ÔÔ%†[ßpÔas€she€was€about€to€get€up,Ð pÀ Ðshe€felt€something€touch€her€back.€€Then€someone€pushed€her€back€down€on€herÐ \¬ Ðstomach€and€held€something€sharp€to€her€neck,€threatening€to€kill€her€if€she€did€notÐ H˜ Ðremain€quiet.€€The€attacker€blindfolded€her€with€one€of€her€shirts,€rolled€her€over,€andÐ 4„ Ðtold€her€what€he€was€going€to€do.€€G.H.€testified€to€the€following:€Ð pÐ Ð  ÐÌà8  àÔ‡AXºÊXXXºÊÔQ.€€What€did€he€tell€you€he€was€going€to€do?€Ð øH ÐA.€€That€he€was€going€to€have€sex,€but€he€was,€you€know,€used€vulgar€language,€soð!ð€Ð ä4 ÐQ.€€Okay.€€So€heð!ðif€you€donððt€mind€telling€the€jury,€just€tell€them€specifically€whatÐ Ð  Ðhe€said?€Ð ¼  ÐA.€€He€told€me€he€was€going€to€fuck€me€like€Iððd€never€been€fucked€before.€Ð ¨ø ÐQ.€€Okay.€Ð ”ä ÐA.€€And€so€then€he€proceeded€to€have€sex€and€then€he€rolled€me€back€over.€€He€askedÐ €Ð Ðmeð!ðhe€told€me€he€needed€$50.€€I€told€him€I€didnððt€have€any€money.€€And€he€said€heÐ l¼ Ðwas€going€to€kill€me€if€I€didnððt€give€him€money.€€I€said,€ð ðWell,€I€donððt€have€anyÐ X ¨ Ðmoney.ðð€€So€then€he€tied€my€hands€behind€my€back€and€tied€my€feet,€and€I€just€laidÐ D!” Ðthere,€because€he€left,€I€guess,€and,€you€knowð!ð€€Ð 0"€  ÐQ.€€What€were€you€thinking€at€that€time?€Ð #l! ÐA.€€That€he€was€going€to€kill€me.€Ð $X" ÐQ.€€And€how€did€he€tie€you?€€What€did€he€use€to€tie€you€and€how€did€he€tie€yourÐ ô$D # Ðarms?€Ô% ‡^ ÔÔ#†XºÊXXAXºÊÔr#ÔÐà%0!$Ð Ð  Ðà8  àÔ%†^ŒwÔÔ‡AXºÊXXXºÊÔA.€My€shoe€strings.ÐÌ&"%Ð Ð  ÐÌà8  àà ` àG.H.€testified€that€her€attacker€warned€her€not€to€call€the€police.€€Once€sheÐ ¤(ô#' Ðhad€freed€herself,€G.H.€went€next€door€where€neighbors€let€her€in€and€called€her€sonÐ )à$( Ðwho€came€and€placed€a€911€call€to€the€police.Ð|*Ì%)Ð Ð  ÐÐ h+¸&* Ðà8  àà ` àG.H.€was€taken€to€the€Rape€Crisis€Center€where€a€rape€kit€was€processed€andÐ ° Ðgiven€to€the€police.€€She€was€unable€to€identify€the€race€of€her€attacker€on€theÐ œì Ðvictimððs€medical€history€and€assault€information€form€completed€at€the€Rape€CrisisÐ ˆØ ÐCenter.€€The€victim€was€also€unable€to€positively€identify€the€voice€of€the€defendantÐ tÄ Ðon€the€exemplar€as€that€of€her€attacker€because€her€attacker€whispered.€€She€did€noteÐ `° Ðthat€her€attacker€had€a€slight€Northern€or€ð ðproperðð€accent.ÐL œÐ Ð  ÐÌà8  àà ` àThe€Stateððs€expert€witness,€Agent€Minor,€testified€that€the€vaginal€swab€fromÐ $ t ÐG.H.ððs€rape€kit€matched€the€DNA€of€the€defendant€with€a€probability€of€selecting€anÐ  ` Ðunrelated€individual€at€random€having€a€matching€DNA€profile€being€approximatelyÐ ü L  Ðone€in€276€billion€in€the€Caucasian€population€and€one€in€195€billion€in€the€African„Ð è 8  ÐAmerican€population.ÐÔ$ Ð Ð  ÐÌà8  àà ` àTimothy€Daniel€Knight€testified€that€he€was€living€with€his€grandmother€inÐ ¬ü  Ðthe€house€next€door€to€the€victim€at€the€time€of€the€attack.€€Knight€testified€furtherÐ ˜è  Ðthat€in€the€early€morning€hours€of€July€30,€1996,€he€had€gone€to€a€gas€station€andÐ „Ô  Ðbought€beer.€€When€he€came€out,€he€saw€the€defendant,€a€man€whom€he€had€met€aÐ pÀ Ðcouple€of€years€before€through€mutual€friends,€standing€in€the€Ô% ‡_ ÔÔ#†XºÊXXAXºÊøw#ÔÔ%†_ßÔparking€lot€of€the€gasÐ \¬ Ðstation.€€The€defendant€asked€Knight€for€a€cigarette;€Knight€gave€him€the€cigaretteÐ H˜ Ðand€then€drove€home.Ð4„Ð Ð  ÐÌà8  àà ` àBecause€his€grandmother€did€not€allow€beer€in€her€house,€Knight€sat€in€hisÐ  \ Ðcar€to€drink€and€listen€to€the€car€radio.€€Knight€testified€he€saw€the€defendant€walkingÐ øH Ðdown€the€street€and€called€him€to€come€over€and€join€him€in€the€car€for€a€beer.€€TheÐ ä4 Ðtime€was€approximately€2:00€a.m.ÐÐ Ð Ð  ÐÌà8  àà ` àThe€defendant€joined€Knight€in€the€car.€€They€talked,€listened€to€music,€andÐ ¨ø Ðdrank€beer€for€about€forty„five€minutes.€€Finally,€Knight€told€the€defendant€that€it€wasÐ ”ä Ðgetting€late€and€he€had€to€get€up€and€go€to€work€soon,€so€Knight€went€inside€hisÐ €Ð Ðgrandmotherððs€house.€€At€that€point,€it€was€about€3:15€a.m.€€Knight€did€not€see€whereÐ l¼ Ðthe€defendant€went.ÐX ¨Ð Ð  ÐÌà8  àà ` àBased€on€these€facts,€the€defendant€was€convicted€of€aggravated€rape€for€theÐ 0"€  Ðvaginal€penetration€of€the€victim€while€leading€the€victim€to€reasonably€believe€heÐ #l! Ðhad€a€weapon€and€aggravated€burglary€for€entering€a€habitation€and€committing€aÐ $X" Ðfelony.€€The€sentences,€both€to€be€served€concurrently,€were€twenty„five€years€andÐ ô$D # Ðsix€years,€respectively.€€The€twenty„five€year€sentence€was€ordered€to€be€servedÐ à%0!$ Ðconsecutively€to€the€rape€sentence€for€victim€four€in€No.€213117.ÐÌ&"%Ð Ð  ÐÌòòState€v.€Peekóó,€No.€E1998„00038„CCA„R3„CD,€2000€WL€565129,€at€*2„9€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,€atÐ ¤(ô#' ÐKnoxville,€May€3,€2000),òò€perm.€app.€deniedóó€(Nov.€13,€2000).Ð )à$( ÐÌà  àA€Hamilton€County€jury€convicted€the€Petitioner€of€four€counts€of€aggravated€rape,€one€countÐ h+¸&* Ðof€attempted€aggravated€rape,€three€counts€of€rape,€one€count€of€aggravated€robbery,€two€counts€ofÐ ° Ðrobbery,€and€three€counts€of€aggravated€burglary€on€April€4,€1997,€and€the€trial€court€imposed€anÐ œì Ðeffective€sentence€of€ninety„nine€years€in€prison.€€This€Court€affirmed€the€conviction€on€directÐ ˆØ Ðappeal,€and€the€Tennessee€Supreme€Court€denied€the€Petitionerððs€application€for€permission€toÐ tÄ Ðappeal.€€On€September€18,€2001,€the€Petitioner€filed€a€òòproóó€òòseóó€post„conviction€petition.€€On€OctoberÐ `° Ð8,€2001,€the€post„conviction€court€appointed€Bill€Speek€to€represent€the€Petitioner€in€this€post„Ð L œ Ðconviction€matter.€€Speek€filed€an€amended€petition€for€post„conviction€relief€on€January€17,€2002.€Ð 8 ˆ ÐIn€his€petition,€the€Petitioner€asserted€that€he€should€be€granted€post„conviction€relief€based€uponÐ $ t Ðineffective€assistance€of€counsel.€€The€post„conviction€court€conducted€a€hearing€on€the€amendedÐ  ` Ðpetition€on€February€3,€2003,€and€entered€an€order€dismissing€the€petition€on€February€26,€2003.€€TheÐ ü L  ÐPetitioner€filed€a€timely€notice€of€appeal.Ð è 8  ÐÌà  àThe€following€evidence€was€presented€at€the€post„conviction€hearing:€The€Petitioner€testifiedÐ À  Ðthat€Bill€Dobson€(ð ðCounselðð)€and€Rich€Heinsman€(ð ðCo„Counselðð),€who€both€worked€for€the€publicÐ ¬ü  Ðdefenderððs€office,€€represented€him€at€his€trial.€€He€stated€that€about€a€week€before€trial,€he€met€onceÐ ˜è  Ðwith€both€Counsel€and€Co„Counsel€and€once€with€just€Counsel.€€The€Petitioner€explained€that€at€theÐ „Ô  Ðmeetings,€which€lasted€approximately€forty„five€minutes,€ð ð[t]hey€discussed€that€the€DNA€was€theÐ pÀ Ðstrength€of€the€case,€the€strongest€part€of€the€case,€and€I€kept€asking€them,€ððHas€the€DNA€come€backÐ \¬ Ðyet?ðððð€€He€stated€that€Counsel€visited€him€two€days€before€trial€and€told€him€that€the€DNA€resultsÐ H˜ Ðcame€back€from€the€lab.€€The€Petitioner€explained€that€he€discussed€the€DNA€evidence€with€hisÐ 4„ Ðattorneys,€and€ð ðthey€told€me€that€they€didnððt€know€much€about€DNA,€.€.€.€so€I€was€wondering€if€theyÐ  p Ðwas€going€to€get€an€expert€for€him€to€do€the€test,€.€.€.€on€my€behalf.€€I€wanted€them€to€have€a€DNAÐ  \ Ðexpert€to€do€another€test€besides€the€one€the€State€did.ðð€€The€Petitioner€stated€that€he€asked€bothÐ øH ÐCounsel€and€Co„Counsel€for€a€DNA€expert€to€testify€at€his€trial.€€He€stated€that€Counsel€told€him,Ð ä4 Ðð ðweððll€see€what€we€can€do,ðð€and€Co„Counsel€told€the€Petitioner€that€he€was€going€to€read€a€book€onÐ Ð  ÐDNA€so€he€could€cross„examine€the€Stateððs€expert€witness.€€The€Petitioner€stated€that€Co„CounselÐ ¼  Ðcross„examined€the€DNA€expert€at€trial.€€He€stated€that€neither€Counsel€nor€Co„Counsel€obtainedÐ ¨ø Ða€DNA€expert€to€testify€at€his€trial.€€The€Petitioner€explained€that€he€asked€Counsel€if€they€could€getÐ ”ä Ða€continuance€so€they€could€obtain€an€expert,€but€Counsel€told€him€to€be€quiet€and€that€he€would€takeÐ €Ð Ðcare€of€it.€€He€testified€that€Counsel€did€not€obtain€a€continuance€for€the€purpose€of€obtaining€anÐ l¼ Ðexpert.Ð X ¨ ÐÌà  àThe€Petitioner€further€testified€that€neither€Counsel€nor€Co„Counsel€explained€the€elementsÐ 0"€  Ðof€the€various€crimes€to€him€before€trial.€€He€explained,€ð ðThey€.€.€.€didnððt€tell€me€really€nothing.€€IÐ #l! Ðmean,€I€was€in€the€dark€for€a€long€time.€.€.€.€My€attorneys,€I€feel€like€they€didnððt€do€nothing.€.€.€.€TheyÐ $X" Ðjust€rushed€right€into€it€and€.€.€.€thought€it€was€going€to€be€a€cakewalk,€.€.€.€but€they€wasnððt€preparedÐ ô$D # Ðfor€trial.ðð€€On€cross„examination,€the€Petitioner€admitted€that€Co„Counsel€vigorously€cross„examinedÐ à%0!$ Ðthe€Stateððs€DNA€expert€at€his€trial.€€He€also€admitted€that€he€was€convicted€in€federal€court€on€twoÐ Ì&"% Ðrape€counts€in€Georgia.€€Ð ¸'#& ÐÌà  àKarla€Gothard,€executive€assistant€district€public€defender,€testified€that€she€supervisedÐ )à$( ÐCounsel€while€he€was€at€the€public€defenderððs€office.€€Gothard€stated€that€she€reviewed€theÐ |*Ì%) ÐPetitionerððs€file€from€the€public€defenderððs€office€and€noticed€that€ð ð[t]hereððs€very,€very€littleÐ h+¸&* Ðdocumentation€in€this€file.ðð€€She€explained€that€this€lack€of€documentation€was€due€to€CounselððsÐ ° Ðblindness€ð ðbecause€obviously€a€blind€man€isnððt€writing€notes.ðð€€Gothard€testified€that€Counsel€didÐ œì Ðnot€record€when€he€met€with€the€Petitioner€or€make€many€notes€about€he€case€in€the€Petitionerððs€file.€Ð ˆØ ÐShe€explained,€ð ð[t]his€is€a€very€large€file€and€there€are€lots€of€motions€and€affidavits€that€have€beenÐ tÄ Ðprepared€in€it,€and€thereððs€no€documentation€to€show€when€that€was€done€or€what€work€was€doneÐ `° Ðon€it.ðð€€She€stated€that€Counsel€documented€one€visit€with€the€Petitioner.€€Ð L œ ÐÌà  àOn€cross„examination,€Gothard€testified€that€Counsel€filed€a€motion€requesting€a€DNAÐ $ t Ðexpert,€and€the€trial€court€granted€that€motion€on€January€27,€1997.€€She€testified€that€the€trial€courtÐ  ` Ðappointed€Dr.€William€Shields€as€a€DNA€specialist€to€assist€in€the€preparation€of€the€PetitionerððsÐ ü L  Ðdefense.€€Gothard€explained,€ð ð[Dr.]€Shields€is€one€of€the€foremost€DNA€experts€in€the€country€as€farÐ è 8  Ðas€Iððm€concerned.€€Heððs€out€of€New€York.ðð€€Gothard€testified€that€Dr.€Shields€ð ðreviewed€all€of€theÐ Ô$  Ðtesting€that€was€done.ðð€€She€explained€that€Dr.€Shields€examined€the€reports€and€ð ðlab€notesðð€fromÐ À  Ðthe€Tennessee€Bureau€of€Investigation€(ð ðTBIðð)€regarding€the€Petitionerððs€DNA€testing,€as€well€as€theÐ ¬ü  ÐTBIððs€procedure€manual€for€DNA€analysis.€€Gothard€testified,€ð ðSo€I€know€that€[Dr.]€Shields€hasÐ ˜è  Ðconsulted€in€this€case.€€He€would€not€actually€do€testing€unless€he€indicated€to€us€or€we€had€someÐ „Ô  Ðreasonable€basis€for€coming€to€the€judge€and€saying,€ððretesting.ðððð€She€explained:Ð pÀ ÐÌà8  àAnytime€we€request€the€services€for€an€indigent€defendant,€we€have€to€make€aÐ H˜ Ðshowing€to€the€Court€that€itððs€reasonable€and€necessary€to€the€defense.€€And€so€itððsÐ 4„ Ð.€.€.€not€just€you€go€in€and€ask€for€an€expert€and€get€it,€or€you€go€in€and€ask€for€testingÐ  p Ðand€get€it;€you€have€to€go€in€and€make€a€showing€and€you€have€to€have€a€goodÐ  \ Ðfoundation€for€that.€€Normally€the€foundation€would€be€to€have€one€expert€look€at€it,Ð øH Ðreview€whatððs€been€done€and€to€say€whether€they€felt€that€testing€would€be€justifiedÐ ä4 Ðor€not.€€If€we€donððt€have€that,€then€we€really€canððt€go€forward€in€making€a€request€forÐ Ð  Ðtesting.м Ð Ð  ÐÌGothard€testified€that€she€could€not€find€any€letters€or€reports€in€the€Petitionerððs€file€regarding€Dr.Ð ”ä ÐShieldsððs€examination€of€the€Petitionerððs€DNA€testing€from€the€TBI€lab.€€Ð €Ð ÐÌà  àCo„Counsel€testified€that€he€had€been€a€defense€attorney€since€October€of€1993.€€He€statedÐ X ¨ Ðthat€he€worked€as€a€public€defender€in€Hamilton€County€for€three€years,€and€during€that€time€heÐ D!” Ðassisted€Counsel€with€the€Petitionerððs€trial.€€Co„Counsel€testified€that€he€would€occasionally€sit€withÐ 0"€  ÐCounsel€at€trial€to€be€ð ðan€extra€pair€of€eyes€for€him.ðð€€Co„Counsel€explained€that€Counsel€asked€himÐ #l! Ðto€help€with€the€Petitionerððs€case€because€of€ð ðthe€DNA,€a€lot€of€it€was€visual,€reading€the€autorads,Ð $X" Ðand€also€I€had€kind€of€a€science€background.ðð€€Co„Counsel€stated€that€he€and€Counsel€met€with€theÐ ô$D # ÐPetitioner€at€least€once€prior€to€trial,€but€he€could€not€remember€the€discussion€they€had€with€theÐ à%0!$ ÐPetitioner€at€that€meeting.€€Ð Ì&"% ÐÌà  àCo„Counsel€explained€that€his€responsibilities€in€the€Petitionerððs€trial€were€limited€to€theÐ ¤(ô#' ÐDNA€aspect€of€the€case.€€He€testified€that€he€prepared€for€the€Petitionerððs€trial€by€studying€ð ðtwoÐ )à$( Ðbibles€of€DNAðð€published€by€the€National€Research€Counsel€and€consulting€with€Dr.€Shields€beforeÐ |*Ì%) Ðthe€trial.€€He€explained€that€ð ðeven€with€the€books€I€sort€of€got€stuck€on€a€few€issues,€and€[Dr.Ð h+¸&* ÐShields]€was€able€to€get€me€over€the€hump.ðð€€Co„Counsel€testified€that€Dr.€Shields€came€toÐ ° ÐChattanooga€on€the€day€before€the€trial€because€he€was€a€potential€witness€in€the€case.€€Co„CounselÐ œì Ðexplained€that€he€and€Counsel€decided€not€to€call€Dr.€Shields€as€a€witness€because€ð ðit€wouldnððt€haveÐ ˆØ Ðbeen€useful€to€us.€.€.€.€[A]fter€looking€at€the€autorads€and€reviewing€what€evidence€we€were€able€toÐ tÄ Ðprovide€to€[Dr.€Shields],€we€just€thought€it€would€be€better,€we€would€be€more€successful€cross„Ð `° Ðexamining€their€witness€than€using€our€own€in€rebuttal.ðð€€Co„Counsel€explained€that€Dr.€ShieldsÐ L œ Ðwould€have€bolstered€the€findings€of€the€Stateððs€DNA€expert€if€he€had€testified,€because€Dr.€ShieldsÐ 8 ˆ Ðdid€not€discover€any€irregularities€or€errors€in€the€findings€of€the€Stateððs€DNA€expert.€€Co„CounselÐ $ t Ðtestified€that€Dr.€Shields€found€that€the€Stateððs€DNA€expert€correctly€analyzed€the€Petitionerððs€DNA.Ð  ` ÐÌà  àCo„Counsel€testified€that€he€vigorously€cross„examined€the€Stateððs€DNA€expert€regardingÐ è 8  Ðhis€qualifications€and€his€findings.€€Co„Counsel€explained:Ð Ô$  ÐÌà8  àI€made€a€.€.€.€mask€out€of€basically€construction€paper€and€asked€[the€Stateððs€DNAÐ ¬ü  Ðexpert]€to€read€the€autorads€on€the€stand.€€This€way€it€sort€of€hid€other€markers€thatÐ ˜è  Ðcould€have€told€him€where€he€was€reading,€and€it€would€have€been€easy€for€him€toÐ „Ô  Ðdo€if€he€just€had€the€whole€autorad,€but€with€the€mask€where€he€could€only€read€oneÐ pÀ Ðband€at€a€time,€I€thought€I€might€be€able€to€catch€him,€if€not€interpreting€it€wrongly,Ð \¬ Ðat€least€off€guard.ÐH˜Ð Ð  ÐÌHe€stated€that€he€used€everything€he€could€to€attack€the€Stateððs€DNA€analysis.€€Co„Counsel€testifiedÐ  p Ðthat€he€did€not€remember€having€a€personality€conflict€with€the€Petitioner€during€the€trial,€and€he€didÐ  \ Ðnot€remember€the€Petitioner€complaining€to€him€during€the€trial€about€the€way€the€case€was€beingÐ øH Ðhandled.€€Ð ä4 ÐÌà  àOn€cross„examination,€Co„Counsel€testified€that€he€was€not€involved€in€determining€whichÐ ¼  Ðwitnesses€to€call€during€the€trial,€rather€he€was€only€in€charge€of€the€DNA€aspect€of€the€case.€€Co„Ð ¨ø Ðcounsel€explained€that€the€Petitionerððs€trial€was€his€first€experience€in€dealing€with€DNA€in€a€trialÐ ”ä Ðsetting.€€He€stated€that€he€could€not€remember€how€many€telephone€calls€he€had€with€Dr.€ShieldsÐ €Ð Ðbefore€the€trial€started,€though€he€specifically€remembered€one€telephone€conversation.€€Co„CounselÐ l¼ Ðtestified€that€he€and€Counsel€decided€not€to€retest€the€Petitionerððs€blood,€because€Dr.€ShieldsÐ X ¨ Ðrecommended€that€they€not€do€any€retesting€in€the€Petitionerððs€case.€€Co„Counsel€explained€that€theyÐ D!” Ðdecided€the€night€before€trial€not€to€have€Dr.€Shields€testify.€€He€stated€that€the€public€defenderððsÐ 0"€  Ðoffice€did€not€have€a€policy€which€required€public€defenders€to€keep€copies€of€correspondence€withÐ #l! Ðexperts.Ð $X" ÐÌà  àThe€post„conviction€court€made€the€following€findings€in€its€memorandum€dismissing€theÐ à%0!$ ÐPetitionerððs€petition:Ð Ì&"% ÐÌà8  àThe€petitioner€alleges€that€his€trial€counsel€did€not€seek€independent€DNA€analysis.€Ð ¤(ô#' ÐThe€defense€expert€on€DNA€analysis,€William€Shields,€Ph.D,€reviewed€the€stateððsÐ )à$( ÐDNA€analysis€and€apparently€concluded€that€it€was€valid€and€that€independentÐ |*Ì%) Ðanalysis€was€unnecessary.€€He€helped€[Co„Counsel],€who€cross„examined€the€stateððsÐ h+¸&* ÐDNA€expert,€agent€Joe€Minor€of€the€Tennessee€Bureau€of€Investigation,€andÐ ° Ðaddressed€DNA€issues€in€the€petitionerððs€closing€argument,€prepare€for€trial,€and€heÐ œì Ðwas€present€in€court€when€Mr.€Minor€testified.€€He€was€not€called€to€testify€becauseÐ ˆØ Ðhis€testimony€would€not€have€been€favorable€to€the€petitioner.€€The€Court€finds€noÐ tÄ Ðdeficiency€in€counselððs€performance€in€this€respect.Ð`°Ð Ð  ÐÌÓ  Óò òII.€€AnalysisÐ 8 ˆ ÐÌÓ  Óó óà  àÔ‡MXºÊXXXºÊÔIn€order€to€obtain€post„conviction€relief,€a€petitioner€must€show€that€his€or€her€conviction€orÐ  ` Ðsentence€is€void€or€voidable€because€of€the€abridgment€of€a€constitutional€right.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.Ð ü L  Ððð€40„30„203€(1997).€€The€petitioner€bears€the€burden€of€proving€factual€allegations€in€the€petitionÐ è 8  Ðfor€post„conviction€relief€by€clear€and€convincing€evidence.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.òòóó€ðð€40„30„210(f)€(1997).€Ð Ô$  ÐA€post„conviction€courtððs€factual€findings€are€subject€to€a€òòdeóó€òònovoóó€review€by€this€Court;€however,Ð À  Ðwe€must€accord€these€factual€findings€a€presumption€of€correctness,€which€is€overcome€only€whenÐ ¬ü  Ða€preponderance€of€the€evidence€is€contrary€to€the€post„conviction€courtððs€factual€findings.€€òòFieldsÐ ˜è  Ðv.€Stateóó,€40€S.W.3d€450,€456€(Tenn.€2001).€€A€post„conviction€courtððs€conclusions€of€law€are€subjectÐ „Ô  Ðto€a€purely€òòdeóó€òònovoóó€review€by€this€Court,€with€no€presumption€of€correctness.€€òòId.óó€at€457.€€TheÐ pÀ ÐTennessee€Supreme€Court€has€held€that€the€issue€of€ineffective€assistance€of€counsel€is€a€mixedÐ \¬ Ðquestion€of€law€and€fact€and,€as€such,€is€subject€to€òòdeóó€òònovoóó€review.€€òòState€v.€Burnsóó,€6€S.W.3d€453,Ð H˜ Ð461€(Tenn.€1999).€Ð 4„ ÐÌà  àThe€right€of€a€defendant€to€representation€is€guaranteed€by€both€the€Sixth€Amendment€to€theÐ  \ ÐUnited€States€Constitution€and€Article€I,€section€9,€of€the€Tennessee€Constitution.€€òòId.óó;€òòBaxter€v.Ð øH ÐRoseóó,€523€S.W.2d€930,€936€(Tenn.€1975).€€This€right€to€representation€includes€the€right€toÐ ä4 Ðð ðreasonably€effectiveðð€assistance.€€òòBurnsóó,€6€S.W.3d€at€461.€€òòóóIn€reviewing€a€claim€of€ineffectiveÐ Ð  Ðassistance€of€counsel,€this€Court€must€determine€whether€the€advice€given€or€services€rendered€byÐ ¼  Ðthe€attorney€are€within€the€range€of€competence€demanded€of€attorneys€in€criminal€cases.€€òòBaxteróó,Ð ¨ø Ð523€S.W.2d€at€936.€€To€prevail€on€a€claim€of€ineffective€assistance€of€counsel,€a€petitioner€mustÐ ”ä Ðshow€that€ð ðcounselððs€representation€fell€below€an€objective€standard€of€reasonablenessðð€and€that€thisÐ €Ð Ðperformance€prejudiced€the€defense,€resulting€in€a€failure€to€produce€a€reliable€result.€€òòStrickland€v.Ð l¼ ÐWashingtonóó,€466€U.S.€668,€687„88€(1984)Ô#†XºÊXXMXºÊL½#ÔÔ‡MXºÊXXXºÊÔòòóó;€òòCooper€v.€Stateóó,€849€S.W.2d€744,€747€(Tenn.1993).€€ToÐ X ¨ Ðsatisfy€the€requirement€of€prejudice,€a€petitioner€must€show€a€reasonable€probability€that,€but€forÐ D!” Ðcounselððs€unreasonable€error,€the€fact€finder€would€have€had€reasonable€doubt€regarding€theÐ 0"€  Ðpetitionerððs€guilt.€€òòStricklandóó,€466€U.S.€at€695.€€This€reasonable€probability€must€be€ð ðsufficient€toÐ #l! Ðundermine€confidence€in€the€outcome.ðð€€òòId.óó€at€694;€òòseeóó€òòalsoóó€òòHarris€v.€Stateóó,€875€S.W.2d€662,€665Ð $X" Ð(Tenn.€1994).Ð ô$D # ÐÌà  àWhen€evaluating€an€ineffective€assistance€of€counsel€claim,€the€reviewing€court€should€judgeÐ Ì&"% Ðthe€attorneyððs€performance€within€the€context€of€the€case€as€a€whole,€taking€into€account€all€relevantÐ ¸'#& Ðcircumstances.€€òòStricklandóó,€466€U.S.€at€690òòóó;€òòState€v.€Mitchellóó,€753€S.W.2d€148,€149€(Tenn.€Crim.Ð ¤(ô#' ÐApp.€1988).€€The€reviewing€court€must€evaluate€the€questionable€conduct€from€the€attorneyððsÐ )à$( Ðperspective€at€the€time.€€òòStricklandóó,€466€U.S.€at€690;€òòCooperóó,€849€S.W.2d€at€746;€òòHellard€v.€Stateóó,Ð |*Ì%) Ð629€S.W.2d€4,€9€(Tenn.€1982).€€€In€doing€so,€the€reviewing€court€must€be€highly€deferential€andÐ h+¸&* Ðð ðshould€indulge€a€strong€presumption€that€counselððs€conduct€falls€within€the€wide€range€ofÐ ° Ðreasonable€professional€assistance.ðð€€òòBurnsóó,€6€S.W.3d€at€462.€€Counsel€should€not€be€deemed€to€haveÐ œì Ðbeen€ineffective€merely€because€a€different€procedure€or€strategy€might€have€produced€a€differentÐ ˆØ Ðresult.€€òòWilliams€v.€Stateóó,€599€S.W.2d€276,€279„80€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1980).Ô#†XºÊXXMXºÊ¦Ç#ÔÔ‡AXºÊXXXºÊÔò òÐ tÄ ÐÌó óÔ#†XºÊXXAXºÊÏ#Ôà  àThe€Petitioner€contends€on€appeal€that€ð ðcounselððs€failure€to€procure€an€expert€to€refute€theÐ L œ ÐStateððs€expert€on€DNA€evidence€constituted€ineffective€assistance€of€counsel.€.€.€.ðð€€Ô‡MXºÊXXXºÊÔAt€the€post„Ð 8 ˆ Ðconviction€hearing,€the€Petitioner€raised€several€grounds€regarding€whether€Counsel€and€Co„CounselÐ $ t Ðprovided€the€Petitioner€with€effective€assistance€during€his€trial.׃Y×Ý ƒI#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€Ô#†XºÊXXMXºÊQÐ#ÔBecause€the€Petitioner€failed€toÐ  ` Ðraise€the€other€issues€relating€to€his€ineffective€assistance€of€counsel€claim€in€his€appellate€brief,€theÐ ü L  ÐPetitioner€has€waived€those€issues.€€Tenn.€R.€App.€P.€13(b);€òòNichols€v.€Stateóó,€90€S.W.3d€576,€607Ð è 8  Ð(Tenn.€2002).Ð Ô$  ÐÌÔ‡ôýP òXXºÊÔà  àÔ#†XºÊX òôýPÓ#ÔDuring€the€post„conviction€hearing,€both€Gothard€and€Co„Counsel€testified€that€Counsel€filedÐ ¬ü  Ða€motion€requesting€a€DNA€expert€for€the€Petitioner€and€obtained€the€services€of€Dr.€Shields.€€Co„Ð ˜è  ÐCounsel€testified€that€Dr.€Shields€reviewed€the€Stateððs€DNA€analysis€and€concluded€that€the€analysisÐ „Ô  Ðcontained€no€errors€or€irregularities.€€Co„Counsel€stated€that€because€Dr.€Shields€found€no€errors€inÐ pÀ Ðthe€Stateððs€DNA€analysis,€he€and€Counsel€did€not€file€a€motion€with€the€trial€court€to€have€theÐ \¬ Ðsamples€retested€in€another€lab.€€Co„Counsel€explained€that€he€and€Counsel€decided€that€they€wouldÐ H˜ Ðnot€call€Dr.€Shields€to€testify€because€he€would€not€help€the€Petitionerððs€case.€€Co„Counsel€stated€thatÐ 4„ Ðhe€met€with€Dr.€Shields€the€day€before€the€Petitionerððs€trial€in€order€to€decide€whether€the€expertÐ  p Ðwould€testify€and€to€prepare€to€cross„examine€the€Stateððs€DNA€expert.€€Co„Counsel€also€testified€thatÐ  \ Ðhe€studied€two€DNA€treatises€to€prepare€to€cross„examine€the€Stateððs€DNA€expert.€€Moreover,€Co„Ð øH ÐCounsel€stated€that€he€vigorously€cross„examined€the€Stateððs€DNA€expert€regarding€hisÐ ä4 Ðqualifications€and€his€analysis€of€the€Petitionerððs€DNA€and€the€samples€obtained€from€the€victims.€Ð Ð  ÐÌà  àAfter€thoroughly€reviewing€the€evidence€from€the€post„conviction€hearing,€Ô‡AXºÊXXXºÊÔwe€conclude€thatÐ ¨ø ÐÔ#†XºÊXXAXºÊ^Ù#ÔÔ‡AXºÊXXXºÊÔò òó óboth€Counselððs€performance€and€Co„Counselððs€performance€in€defending€the€Petitioner€ð ðÔ#†XºÊXXAXºÊÅÙ#ÔÔ‡AXºÊXXXºÊÔfall[]€withinÐ ”ä Ðthe€wide€range€of€reasonable€professional€assistance.ðð€€òòBurnsóó,€6€S.W.3d€at€462.€€Furthermore,€theÐ €Ð ÐPetitioner€failed€to€prove€that€either€Counselððs€performance€or€Co„Counselððs€performance€prejudicedÐ l¼ Ðhis€defense,€resulting€in€a€failure€to€produce€a€reliable€result.€€òòStricklandóó,€466€U.S.€at€687;€òòCooperóó,Ð X ¨ Ð849€S.W.2d€at€747.€€Indeed,€contrary€to€the€Petitionerððs€assertions,€the€evidence€showed€that€CounselÐ D!” Ðand€Co„Counsel€procured€a€highly€qualified€DNA€expert€to€review€the€Stateððs€DNA€analysis€andÐ 0"€  Ðhelp€prepare€for€the€cross„examination€of€the€Stateððs€DNA€expert.€€Therefore,€we€conclude€that€theÐ #l! ÐPetitioner€has€failed€to€prove€ineffective€assistance€of€counsel€by€clear€and€convincing€evidence,€andÐ $X" Ðthe€post„conviction€court€did€not€err€by€finding€that€the€Petitioner€received€effective€assistance€ofÐ ô$D # Ðcounsel€and€dismissing€his€petition.Ô#†XºÊXXAXºÊkÚ#ÔÐ à%0!$ ÐÐ Ì&"% Ðò òÔ‡MXºÊXXXºÊÔÓ  ÓIII.€€ConclusionÐ ° Ðó óÌÓ  Óà  àIn€accordance€with€the€forgoing€authorities€and€reasoning,€we€AFFIRMÔ#†XºÊXXMXºÊß#ÔÔ‡MXºÊXXXºÊÔ€the€post„convictionÐ ˆØ ÐcourtððsÔ#†XºÊXXMXºÊØß#ÔÔ‡MXºÊXXXºÊÔ€judgment.Ð tÄ ÐÌÔ#†XºÊXXMXºÊMà#ÔÔ‡MXºÊXXXºÊÔÌà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à___________________________________€Ð 8 ˆ Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àROBERT€W.€WEDEMEYER,€JUDGEÔ#†XºÊXXMXºÊ¯à#ÔÔ‡MXºÊXXXºÊÔÐ $ t Ѐ€€€Ô#†XºÊXXMXºÊíá#ÔÔ‡AXºÊXXXºÊÔ€Ô#†XºÊXXAXºÊHâ#Ô