ÿWPC„ çY(´e¾j~we›D…¹e[-ˆÌbŽùÊvXœgµjewÌaCê´¦Ég›ñÁ´«§³-:@¸ V:ƒ(ŠÛÛKôSVÔ£20«|ÉÖX§+ìg|$uÐ;$Ç$y"¯êß§’¢ºü Ι•XJ ö‡¶¤öQŠE烯 29¹??%v³ªÎ:ði?ÁÛÛké‡ÊŠAíë„\=%dႉ• Ü«“ÄaÆb†Î‹¡¼Ü€š?¶2pÍžLd6“w™W×9Seýü8«,|ñ®oeåþE‹G¶ã0MŸäßûqœ¡ž<êZÑ ü…´µEmGÇÈ2¯€ƒHîy×4‚ðï@‘Y½Œïø˜+'›>UGæ~ ‘öT™PƒÊÁ”Là2Q“_Qv?%µü¦Yæˆ#JšQ·úNjqí6óq‰áqñ]v«›/þláÕ½šDï+ÐÕ…†T¼¡õ@‚©ÿô;ÙâäÄ´bq¶ÕÅ|,`gAKD®7I‘Zô¯ìŠõóR¯€YîŽJM¼ÔÕѤa‹ç\nŸµ°Í°Gß­Ø—r‚‘ ÕÛp‘ô*BØjR”)*½‹æ"ð¨Ãòj½Š4wÔ²ÀÕé€Ôf#6+õ¤­öÝ¢'b %\^ b 0ˆnU NöwD4H\ zkÒå· m¹ #ÉÐ Ð Æ™ Æ_ Æ%Æë 0D±NõõõE÷÷÷U Nù(GGGGGGGGGGoooooooooobwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww 0ë Bjj 0¤‡ D5+ D-` 0K ASØÆ+ 0¤ñ 0D• A«Ù»/„‹/Ï (`£ª$¡¡Ñ€.ÑÑ8€½­»»d»»d8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  Ó(í€"  Z6Times New Roman Regular ~‰/ê:i¢×+003|x ˜C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wptÿU‹ÿÀÀÀ˜\\IB01S02\CLERKJACÈÈ,,,,ÈÈ0Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5‚Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5„Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5…Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(ÖÃ9 Z‹6Times New Roman Regular - ù-(|G2²x$¤¤Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€Âi»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  ÚóóÔ€ôØ4ò»»Ô d(|3·$££Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€Âi»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝVVVV)ÿÿ!dxdx)!ÈÈÈÈdxdx( ±þ$’’ò òFigure€Ú  Ú1Ú  Úó ó^_X`YEþÿ<<CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(|3·$¢¢Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€Âi»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó óX[Z&OLE 2.0 Box <=8ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿCÿÿ HKKKKÝ ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€Âi»»ddÈ8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÑ  ÑÔ€¼Âi»»»ÔÑ8€“XXdê»»d8ÑÑ  ÑÔ€¼k×»»¼ÂiÔà@hhìàÔ‡îðzk×ÔIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEˆÐ ° Ðà@òò%ìàAT€JACKSONÔ#†¼k×»îîðz+#ÔˆÐ Ï ÐÓ  ÓAssigned€on€Briefs€November€4,€2003Ð î> ÐÔ‡X§uX»¼k×ÔÌò òÔ#†¼k×»XX§u&#ÔSTATE€OF€TENNESSEE€òòóóv.€KENNETH€PENCEÔ‡X§uX»¼k×Ôó óÐ à0 ÐÌò òDirect€ó óà@@½½ìàò òAppeal€from€the€Circuit€Court€for€Gibson€CountyÐ Ò " Ðà@@øøìàNo.€16157€€€€€€Clayburn€L.€Peeples,€JudgeÐ ¸  ÐÌÌà@@ìì*ìàßA€V) °°` d€÷E<i` AßÐ jº  ÐÌà@@TTìàNo.€W2003„00639„CCA„R3„CD€€„€Filed€December€10,€Ô_Ô2003Ô_ÔÐ _¯  ÐÌßA€V) °°` dE<*` AßÐ +{  Ðó óÌÓ  ÓThe€defendant€pled€guilty€to€aggravated€assault€in€exchange€for€a€three„year€sentence€to€be€servedÐ  p  Ðon€supervised€probation€with€the€trial€court€to€determine€the€amount€of€restitution.€€Following€aÐ V Ðsentencing€hearing,€the€trial€court€ordered€the€defendant€to€pay€approximately€$7,900.00€inÐ ì< Ðrestitution.€€In€this€appeal,€the€defendant€argues:€(1)€the€trial€court€erred€in€refusing€to€allow€proofÐ Ò" Ðat€sentencing€regarding€the€circumstances€surrounding€the€offense;€and€(2)€the€trial€court€erred€inÐ ¸ Ðimposing€restitution€for€the€victimððs€lost€wages,€attorneyððs€fees,€and€bond€expenses,€the€latter€twoÐ žî Ðexpenses€resulting€from€the€victimððs€defending€himself€against€baseless€criminal€charges€broughtÐ „Ô Ðby€the€defendant.€€We€affirm€the€trial€courtððs€decision€regarding€the€admissibility€of€evidence€andÐ jº Ðits€order€requiring€the€defendant€to€pay€restitution€for€the€victimððs€lost€wages;€we€reverse€the€portionÐ P  Ðof€the€judgment€which€requires€the€defendant€to€pay€restitution€for€the€victimððs€attorneyððs€fees€andÐ 6† Ðbond€expenses.Ð l ÐÌÓÄÓò òTenn.€R.€App.€P.€3€Appeal€as€of€Right;€Judgment€of€the€Circuit€CourtÐ è8 ÐAffirmed€in€Part;€Reversed€in€Part;€Remanded€ó óÐ Î ÐÌòòÓ  ÓÔ#†¼k×»àX§u•#ÔÔ‡X§uX.¼k×ÔJoe€G.€Riley,óó€J.,€delivered€the€opinion€of€the€court,€in€which€òòDavid€H.€Wellesóó€and€òòJohn€EverettÐ šê ÐWilliams,€JJ.óó,€joined.Ð € Ð  ÐÌL.L.€Harrell,€Jr.,€Trenton,€Tennessee,€for€the€appellant,€Kenneth€Pence.€Ð L"œ" ÐÌPaul€G.€Summers,€Attorney€General€and€Reporter;€Thomas€E.€Williams,€III,€Assistant€AttorneyÐ $h$ ÐGeneral;€and€Garry€G.€Brown,€District€Attorney€General,€for€the€appellee,€State€of€Tennessee.Ð þ$N % ÐÓl ÓÌò òOPINIONó óÔ#†¼k×»XX§u› #ÔÔ‡X§uX»¼k×ÔÐ Ê&"' ÐÌòòóóÔ#†¼k×»XX§uë #ÔÓ  ÓÔ€X§uX»¼k×Ôà  àOn€May€26,€2001,€the€defendant€and€the€victim,€who€were€coaches€of€opposing€youthÐ –(æ#) Ðsoftball€teams,€became€involved€in€an€altercation.€€The€defendant€broke€the€victimððs€arm€when€heÐ |)Ì$* Ðstruck€him€with€a€metal€softball€bat.€€Pursuant€to€a€plea€agreement,€the€defendant€pled€guilty€toÐ b*²%+ Ðaggravated€assault€and€received€a€probated€three„year€sentence.€€The€parties€agreed€the€defendantÐ H+˜&, Ðwould€pay€restitution€to€the€victim,€but€were€unable€to€agree€on€the€amount.€€Immediately€followingÐ .,~'- Ðthe€guilty€plea,€the€trial€court€conducted€a€hearing€and€ordered€the€defendant€to€pay€restitution€forÐ -d(. Ðthe€victimððs€medical€expenses€not€paid€by€insurance€and€the€victimððs€lost€wages.€€The€trial€courtÐ ú-J)/ý Ðfurther€ordered€the€defendant€to€repay€the€victim€for€legal€fees€and€expenses€in€posting€bond€thatÐ ° Ðresulted€from€criminal€charges€filed€against€him€by€the€defendant,€which€resulted€in€a€ð ðno€trueððÐ –æ Ðfinding€by€the€grand€jury.Ð |Ì ÐÌà@¤¤ìàò òPROOF€AT€THE€GUILTY€PLEA€AND€SENTENCING€HEARINGó óˆÐ H˜ ÐÌà  àAt€the€plea€hearing,€the€district€attorney€general€advised€that€the€defendant€attempted€toÐ  d Ðstrike€the€victim€in€the€head€with€the€bat€when€the€victim€raised€his€arm€to€defend€himself;€the€blowÐ ú J Ðfrom€the€bat€broke€the€victimððs€arm.€€At€the€trial€courtððs€request,€the€defendant€gave€the€followingÐ à 0 Ðexplanation€of€his€version€of€the€events:Ð Æ   ÐÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÌà8  à[The€victim]€come€[sic]€over€to€the€dugout€and€started€an€argument€and€I€told€himÐ ’â  Ðto,€ð ðGet€out€of€the€dugout€and€get€back€across€to€the€other€side€and€I€didnððt€need€hisÐ xÈ  Ðadvice€on€starting€the€lineup€or€the€rules€either€one,ðð€and€he€just€„€„€he€just€escalatedÐ ^®  Ðit€from€there€and€he€hit€me€and€when€he€did€I€just€reacted.€€I€did€not€swingÐ D”  Ðintentionally€at€his€head€Ô_Ôeither.Ô_ÔÐ*z Ð Ð  ÐÌà  àThe€defendant€admitted€striking€the€victim€with€the€bat.€€He€then€pled€guilty€to€aggravatedÐ öF Ðassault.Ð Ü, ÐÌà  àò òó óImmediately€following€the€defendantððs€guilty€plea,€the€trial€court€heard€proof€on€the€issueÐ ¨ø Ðof€restitution.€€The€victim€testified€he€incurred€$1,340.79€in€medical€bills€which€were€not€paid€byÐ ŽÞ Ðinsurance.€€He€said€he€lost€wages€in€the€amount€of€$4,320.00€during€the€four€weeks€he€could€notÐ tÄ Ðwork€due€to€his€injury.€€The€victim€further€testified€the€defendant€charged€him€with€assault;€theÐ Zª Ðcharges€were€bound€over€to€the€grand€jury,€who€returned€a€ð ðno€trueðð€bill.€€The€victim€said€he€paidÐ @ Ðan€attorney€$1,500.00€to€represent€him€and€his€bail€bond€cost€$750.00.Ð &v Ѐ€€€€Ð  \ Ðà  àThe€defendant€testified€he€lived€with€his€elderly€mother,€had€been€unemployed€since€1993,Ð òB Ðand€received€social€security€disability€benefits€of€approximately€$1,200.00€per€month.€€He€stated€hisÐ Ø( Ðmonthly€expenses€were€$1,266.00€and€his€only€assets€were€a€truck€worth€about€$1,500.00€and€a€boatÐ ¾ Ðand€motor€worth€$600.00.Ð ¤ô ÐÌà  àThe€trial€court€ordered€the€defendant€to€pay€$7,€910.79€in€restitution,€an€amount€equal€to€theÐ p!À  Ðvictimððs€unpaid€medical€expenses,€lost€wages,€attorneyððs€fees€and€bond€expenses.€€At€a€subsequentÐ V"¦! Ðhearing,€the€trial€court€ruled€the€defendant€would€be€allowed€to€pay€the€restitution€at€the€rate€ofÐ <#Œ" Ð$100.00€per€month.Ð "$r# ÐÌà@33ìàò òI.€€EVIDENCE€CONCERNING€THE€VICTIMððS€ROLE€IN€THE€OFFENSEó óˆÐ î%>!% ÐÌà  àThe€defendant€contends€the€trial€court€erred€in€not€hearing€proof€regarding€the€facts€andÐ º' #' Ðcircumstances€of€the€offense.€€He€alleges€the€trial€court€should€have€considered€proof€that€the€victimÐ  (ð#( Ðprecipitated€the€offense€in€determining€the€amount€of€restitution.€€This€issue€is€without€merit.Ð †)Ö$) ÐÌà  àIn€the€instant€case,€the€only€question€before€the€trial€court€was€the€amount€of€restitution.Ð R+¢&+ ÐRestitution€is€based€upon€the€ð ðpecuniary€lossðð€suffered€by€the€victim.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„Ð 8,ˆ', Ð304(e)€(2003).€€In€essence,€the€defendant€asks€us€to€adopt€a€ð ðcomparative€faultðð€doctrine€inÐ ° Ðdetermining€restitution.€€This€court€has€previously€declined€to€adopt€a€ð ðcomparative€faultðð€doctrineÐ –æ Ðrelating€to€the€determination€of€restitution€among€co„defendants.€€òòSee€óóòòState€v.€Heather€R.€Dowdyóó,Ð |Ì ÐNo.€02C01„9610„CR„00348,€1997€Tenn.€Crim.€App.€LEXIS€671,€at€*9€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€July€18,Ð b² Ð1997,€at€Jackson).€€We€now€decline€to€adopt€such€a€theory€based€upon€the€victimððs€alleged€conductÐ H˜ Ðwhich€had€no€relevance€to€the€amount€of€the€pecuniary€loss.€€The€admissibility€of€evidence€liesÐ . ~ Ðwithin€the€discretion€of€the€trial€court.€€òòState€v.€Reidóó,€91€S.W.3d€247,€305€(Tenn.€2002).€€The€trialÐ  d Ðcourt€did€not€abuse€its€discretion€in€disallowing€evidence€regarding€the€victimððs€alleged€role€in€theÐ ú J Ðoffense.Ð à 0 ÐÌà  àFurther,€even€if€the€trial€court€erred€in€disallowing€the€evidence,€the€error€was€harmless.€Ð ¬ ü  ÐWhen€taking€the€defendantððs€guilty€plea,€the€trial€court€allowed€the€defendant€to€explain€his€versionÐ ’â  Ðof€the€events€in€question.€€The€defendant€stated€the€victim€hit€him€before€he€struck€the€victim€withÐ xÈ  Ðthe€bat.€€Therefore,€the€trial€court€heard€proof€that€the€victim€was€the€first€aggressor,€but€did€notÐ ^®  Ðconsider€this€proof€in€making€its€determination.€Ð D”  Ѐ€€€€€€€€€€€€€Ð *z  Ðà@žž"ìàò òII.€€RESTITUTIONó óˆÐ ` ÐÌà  àNext,€the€defendant€contends€the€trial€court€erred€in€ordering€him€to€pay€the€victimððs€lostÐ Ü, Ðwages,€attorneyððs€fees,€and€bond€expenses.€€We€conclude€the€trial€court€properly€ordered€theÐ Â Ðdefendant€to€pay€the€victimððs€lost€wages€but€erred€in€requiring€him€to€pay€the€victimððs€expensesÐ ¨ø Ðstemming€from€the€dismissed€criminal€charges.Ð ŽÞ ÐÌà  àA€sentencing€court€may€direct€a€defendant€to€make€restitution€to€the€victim€for€pecuniary€lossÐ Zª Ðas€a€condition€of€probation.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„304(a)€(2003);€òòóóòòState€v.€Alfordóó,€970Ð @ ÐS.W.2d€944,€945€(Tenn.€1998).€€The€statute€defines€ð ðpecuniary€lossðð€to€be:€€Ð &v ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð à(1)€All€special€damages,€but€not€general€damages,€as€substantiated€byÐ òB Ðevidence€in€the€record€or€as€agreed€to€by€the€defendant;€and€ÐØ(` x` x ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð à(2)€Reasonable€out-of-pocket€expenses€incurred€by€the€victimÐ ¤ô Ðresulting€from€the€filing€of€charges€or€cooperating€in€the€investigationÐ Š Ú Ðand€prosecution€of€the€offense;€provided,€that€payment€of€specialÐ p!À  Ðprosecutors€shall€not€be€considered€an€out„of„pocket€expense.€€ÐV"¦!` x` x ÐÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÌTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„304(e)€(2003).€€Ð "$r# ÐÌà  àSpecial€damages€are€those€which€are€ð ðthe€actual,€but€not€the€necessary,€result€of€the€injuryÐ î%>!% Ðcomplained€of,€and€which€in€fact€follow€it€as€a€natural€and€proximate€consequence.ðð€€òòState€v.€Lewisóó,Ð Ô&$"& Ð917€S.W.2d€251,€255€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1995)€(quoting€òòò òBlackððs€Law€Dictionaryóóó ó,€392€(6òòthóó€ed.Ð º' #' Ð1990)).€€General€damages€are€those€which€are€ð ðthe€necessary€and€immediate€consequence€of€theÐ  (ð#( Ðwrong.ðð€€òòóóòòIdóó.€(quoting€ò òòòWebsterððs€New€International€Dictionaryóóó ó,€664€(2d€ed.€1957)).€€It€isÐ †)Ö$) Ðunnecessary€for€the€sentencing€court€to€determine€restitution€in€accordance€with€the€strict€rules€ofÐ l*¼%* Ðdamages€applied€in€civil€cases.€€òòState€v.€Johnsonóó,€968€S.W.2d€883,€887€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1997).€Ð R+¢&+ ÐÐ 8,ˆ', Ðà  àò òó óThe€sum€of€restitution€ordered€must€be€reasonable€and€does€not€have€to€mirror€or€equal€theÐ ° Ðprecise€pecuniary€loss.€€òòState€v.€Smithóó,€898€S.W.2d€742,€747€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1994).€€There€is€noÐ –æ Ðset€formula€or€method€for€determining€the€amount.€€òòJohnsonóó,€968€S.W.2d€at€886.€€The€sentencingÐ |Ì Ðcourt€must€consider€not€only€the€victimððs€loss,€but€also€the€financial€resources€and€future€ability€ofÐ b² Ðthe€defendant€to€pay€or€perform€in€determining€the€amount€and€method€of€payment.€€Tenn.€CodeÐ H˜ ÐAnn.€ðð€40„35„304(d)€(2003);€òòState€v.€Bottomsóó,€87€S.W.3d€95,€108€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€2001).òòòòóóóóÐ . ~ ÐÌà  àWhen€ordering€restitution,€the€trial€court€shall€specify€the€amount€of€time€and€payment;€itÐ ú J Ðmay€permit€payment€or€performance€of€restitution€in€installments.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„304(c)Ð à 0 Ð(2003).€€However,€the€court€may€not€establish€a€payment€or€performance€schedule€which€extendsÐ Æ   Ðbeyond€the€maximum€statutory€term€of€probation€supervision€that€could€have€been€imposed€for€theÐ ¬ ü  Ðoffense.€€òòIdóó.€€If€the€defendant,€victim,€or€district€attorney€petitions€the€trial€court,€it€may€hold€aÐ ’â  Ðhearing,€and€if€appropriate,€waive,€adjust,€or€modify€its€order€regarding€restitution.€€òòIdóó.€at€(f).€Ð xÈ  ÐFurthermore,€any€unpaid€portion€of€the€restitution€may€be€converted€to€a€civil€judgment.€€òòIdóó.€atÐ ^®  Ð(h)(1);€òòBottomsóó,€87€S.W.3d€at€108.Ð D”  ÐÌò òA.€€Lost€Wages€ó ó€à ¸ àÐ ` ÐÌÔ#cdddÔà  àThe€defendant€maintains€the€victimððs€lost€wages€in€the€amount€of€$4,320.00€may€not€beÐ Ü, Ðincluded€Ô#ddcdÔas€part€of€restitution€because€they€are€general€damages.€€We€disagree.€€In€òòJohnsonóó,€thisÐ Â Ðcourt€rejected€the€defendantððs€argument€that€lost€wages€were€not€pecuniary€losses€under€theÐ ¨ø Ðrestitution€statute.€€968€S.W.2d€at€886.€€We€see€no€reason€to€deviate€from€the€òòJohnsonóó€holding.€€Ð ŽÞ ÐÌà  àThe€defendant€further€argues€the€amount€of€restitution€ordered€for€the€victimððs€lost€wagesÐ Zª Ðis€unreasonable€in€light€of€the€defendantððs€financial€resources.€€We€cannot€conclude€the€trial€courtÐ @ Ðabused€its€discretion€in€ordering€the€defendant€to€pay€the€victimððs€lost€wages,€especially€in€light€ofÐ &v Ðthe€trial€courtððs€order€that€the€defendant€would€be€allowed€to€pay€restitution€at€the€rate€of€$100.00Ð  \ Ðper€month€due€to€his€limited€finances.Ð òB ÐÌò òB.€€Attorneyððs€Fees€and€Bond€ExpenseÐ ¾ ÐÌà  àó óWe€must€agree€with€the€defendant€that€the€trial€court€erred€in€ordering€him€to€pay€theÐ Š Ú Ðvictimððs€attorneyððs€fees€and€cost€to€post€bond€as€part€of€restitution.€€The€victim€incurred€theseÐ p!À  Ðexpenses€as€a€result€of€the€unsuccessful€criminal€charges€filed€by€the€defendant€arising€from€theÐ V"¦! Ðsame€incident.€€These€expenses€were€not€ð ðspecial€damagesðð€arising€from€the€offense€since€neitherÐ <#Œ" Ðexpense€was€a€direct€or€proximate€result€of€the€aggravated€assault€committed€by€the€defendant.€Ð "$r# ÐFurther,€they€were€not€out-of-pocket€expenses€incurred€by€the€victim€when€he€filed€charges€againstÐ %X $ Ðthe€defendant€or€when€he€cooperated€with€the€stateððs€investigation€and€prosecution€of€the€offense.€Ð î%>!% ÐTherefore,€these€expenses€do€not€fall€within€the€statutory€definition€of€ð ðpecuniary€lossðð€and€shouldÐ Ô&$"& Ðnot€have€been€included€as€restitution.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„304(e)€(2003).Ð º' #' ÐÌà  àAccordingly,€we€modify€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court€to€reduce€the€amount€of€restitutionÐ †)Ö$) Ðby€$2,250.00,€the€amount€of€the€victimððs€attorneyððs€fees€and€bond€costs,€to€$5,660.79,€an€amountÐ l*¼%* Ðequal€to€the€victimððs€medical€expenses€and€lost€wages€as€established€at€the€hearing.€€Ð R+¢&+ ÐÐ 8,ˆ', Ðà@GG%ìàò òCONCLUSIONó óˆÐ ° ÐÌà  àThe€trial€court€did€not€err€in€refusing€to€hear€evidence€of€the€circumstances€surrounding€theÐ |Ì Ðoffense€where€the€sole€issue€before€the€court€was€the€amount€of€restitution.€€Further,€the€trial€courtÐ b² ÐÔ#bbddÔdid€not€err€in€ordering€the€defendant€to€pay€for€the€victimððs€lost€wages€as€part€of€restitution.€€However,Ð H˜ ÐÔ#ddbbÔthe€trial€court€did€err€in€ordering€the€defendant€to€pay€the€victimððs€legal€fees€and€cost€of€postingÐ . ~ Ðbond€as€restitution.€€Accordingly,€we€modify€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court.Ð  d ÐÌÌÌà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àòò€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€óó€Ð ¬ ü  Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àJOE€G.€RILEY,€JUDGE