ÿWPCf: !$ñª¢7-i¸E…i¦4¢k]1w}xé\ZR'ʸ/Á¼$-l¸ "Ðå³%R úxZP"‘_í˜vªº­àö€Ÿ¼HU‰"±ëHrüÑð×þáäÛ¬`þ/òÒx~Ù ^#¥û¤ÆûÕbÙ“ó8ÄéÈÊ£ÌÁÏ]ò®"•5áåÍ(ç¤å>D³éëZŽk¹>Cehô­Ç7)æÿ1£OVð^¦Bzj-qõtöU$kPö˜"ÞDšqæÿœû…*-Fë âþaé †è…¾s`9@r½3táH_ÂsôÜ·)Ø ¤n¹éWv}@wj×V+TŒhÕjèò&‚Úù%yÔîªìD™å¿‡O\'úÓ 6YÞ¸s`3&“.Ã5DØnw¿€Zo¥÷6&îi3ÜÉRûu©M6¡8™–Ûoð'Æå[1IÚ—-‘ Æà©4þ^»xœ?ë¿°’!ɱœRP—ïBA‘ZkÊ&¯*ë–0$ËYŽ-&g»ný€^û’¹X!¨HíE‡tNj_YUã1B²$ŠTc…J³tËW`”Z*Çx\ÄÆÖ“;3a1uÚG/¢œ|ð 甬ÎÅh.l=võ'0¿¹úöy¯Oçÿ±iƒ³  y_#É2UANû %I 0:O UN‰ ^ × wã 4ç û  m N# †% U3>« 0Ué 0ã> 0Å! 0¿æ 0¹¥ 0³^ 0­ 0§¾ 0¡e 0Å 0ÑË 0³œ 0­O 0§ü 0¡£ 0›D 0•ß 0t 0 0Îà 0°‘ 0ªA 0¤ë 0ž 0˜- 0’Å 0ŠW 0²á 0¾“ 0¾Q! 0>" 0øM" 0âE# 0â'$ 0â % 0âë% 0âÍ& 0º¯' 0Òi( 02;) 0üm) 0:i* 0Y£* 0_ü* 0 [+ 0‚e, 0ç- B*í/ D/0 D+F0 0q0 D/w2 0Φ2 06t3 0ª3 0:²4 0^ì4 0<J5 1e†5U6ë5U*!6 1uK6 72À6 0cò6ÄU7 0N8 g8Äw8 0~;9E¹9 0D»9 Bÿ9::::b$:$:$::,:˜\\IB01S02\CLERKJACÈÈ,,,,ÈÈ0(@øÐ Z‹6Times New Roman RegularX(üœ$¡¡ÔUSUS.,Ô(í€"  Z6Times New Roman Regular/{•1Ï  ~‰/CCA103|x ÿU‹ÿÀÀÀ Ó   ' ib011r90ib011r9 .   ô\  `‹&Times New Roman*+ ÿÿ(_26Ô2ÔÔ3  Ôà..à*G+G ÿÿ(_25Ó ¨ý ÓÓ ° ÓÓ/%` ` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ /ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  Ôà..àÓ/%` ` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ /ÓÓ ¨ý ÓÓ ° Ó*8+8 ÿÿ(_24Ó  ÓÓ,"¸ ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ ,ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  Ôà..àÓ,"¸ ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ ,ÓÓ  Ó*5+5 ÿÿ(_23Ó ` ÓÓ) hÀpÈ xÐ )ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  Ôà..àÓ) hÀpÈ xÐ )ÓÓ ` Ó*2+2 ÿÿ(_22Ó ¸ ÓÓ&hhÀpÈ xÐ &ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  Ôà..àÓ&hhÀpÈ xÐ &ÓÓ ¸ Ó*/+/ ÿÿ(_21Ó  ÓÓ#ÀÀpÈ xÐ #ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  Ôà..àÓ#ÀÀpÈ xÐ #ÓÓ  Ó*,+, ÿÿ(_20Ó h ÓÓ pÈ xÐ ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  Ôà..àÓ pÈ xÐ ÓÓ h Ó*)+) ÿÿ(_19Ó À ÓÓppÈ xÐ ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  Ôà..àÓppÈ xÐ ÓÓ À Ó*&+& ÿÿ(_18Ó  ÓÓÈÈ xÐ ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  Ôà..àÓÈÈ xÐ ÓÓ  Ó*AA ÿÿ(_17Ó  ÓÓ5+° °` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ 5ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô€Ó5+° °` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ 5ÓÓ  Ó*GG ÿÿ(_16Ó ¨ý ÓÓ ° ÓÓ/%` ` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ /ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô€Ó/%` ` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ /ÓÓ ¨ý ÓÓ ° Ó*88 ÿÿ(_15Ó  ÓÓ,"¸ ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ ,ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô€Ó,"¸ ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ ,ÓÓ  Ó*55 ÿÿ(_14Ó ` ÓÓ) hÀpÈ xÐ )ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô€Ó) hÀpÈ xÐ )ÓÓ ` Ó*22 ÿÿ(_13Ó ¸ ÓÓ&hhÀpÈ xÐ &ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô€Ó&hhÀpÈ xÐ &ÓÓ ¸ Ó*// ÿÿ(_12Ó  ÓÓ#ÀÀpÈ xÐ #ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô€Ó#ÀÀpÈ xÐ #ÓÓ  Ó*,, ÿÿ(_11Ó h ÓÓ pÈ xÐ ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô€Ó pÈ xÐ ÓÓ h Ó*)) ÿÿ(_10Ó À ÓÓppÈ xÐ ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô€ÓppÈ xÐ ÓÓ À Ó(&& ÿÿ&_9Ó  ÓÓÈÈ xÐ ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô€ÓÈÈ xÐ ÓÓ  Ó(AA ÿÿ&_8Ó  ÓÓ5+° °` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ 5ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  ÔÓ5+° °` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ 5ÓÓ  Ó(GG ÿÿ&_7Ó ¨ý ÓÓ ° ÓÓ/%` ` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ /ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  ÔÓ/%` ` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ /ÓÓ ¨ý ÓÓ ° Ó(88 ÿÿ&_6Ó  ÓÓ,"¸ ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ ,ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  ÔÓ,"¸ ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ ,ÓÓ  Ó(55 ÿÿ&_5Ó ` ÓÓ) hÀpÈ xÐ )ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  ÔÓ) hÀpÈ xÐ )ÓÓ ` Ó(22 ÿÿ&_4Ó ¸ ÓÓ&hhÀpÈ xÐ &ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  ÔÓ&hhÀpÈ xÐ &ÓÓ ¸ Ó(// ÿÿ&_3Ó  ÓÓ#ÀÀpÈ xÐ #ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  ÔÓ#ÀÀpÈ xÐ #ÓÓ  Ó(,, ÿÿ&_2Ó h ÓÓ pÈ xÐ ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  ÔÓ pÈ xÐ ÓÓ h Ó()) ÿÿ&_1Ó À ÓÓppÈ xÐ ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  ÔÓppÈ xÐ ÓÓ À Ó&&& ÿÿ$_Ó  ÓÓÈÈ xÐ ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  ÔÓÈÈ xÐ ÓÓ  Ó0AAÿÿ.NormalÓ  ÓÓ5+° °` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ 5ÓÓ5+° °` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ 5ÓÓ  Ó<AAÿÿ:Definition TÓ  ÓÓ5+° °` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ 5ÓÓ5+° °` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ 5ÓÓ  Ó<AAÿÿ:Definition LÓ , ÓÓ5+Ü Ü` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ 5ÓÓ  ÓÓ5+° °` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ 5Ó8ÿÿ6Definitionòòóó(hhÿÿ&H1Ó  ÓÓ5+° °` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ 5Óò òÔ  ÔÔ‡°°°ÔÔ‡ôôôÔó óÔ  ÔÓ5+° °` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ 5ÓÓ  Ó(]]ÿÿ&H2Ó  ÓÓ5+° °` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ 5Óò òÔ‡„„„ÔÔ‡ôôôÔó óÓ5+° °` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ 5ÓÓ  Ó(]]ÿÿ&H3Ó  ÓÓ5+° °` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ 5Óò òÔ‡¼¼¼ÔÔ‡ôôôÔó óÓ5+° °` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ 5ÓÓ  Ó(]]ÿÿ&H4Ó  ÓÓ5+° °` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ 5Óò òÔ‡XXXÔÔ‡ôôôÔó óÓ5+° °` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ 5ÓÓ  Ó(]]ÿÿ&H5Ó  ÓÓ5+° °` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ 5Óò òÔ‡ôôôÔó óÓ5+° °` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ 5ÓÓ  ÓÔ‡ôôôÔ(]]ÿÿ&H6Ó  ÓÓ5+° °` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ 5Óò òÔ‡ÔÔ‡ôôôÔó óÓ5+° °` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ 5ÓÓ  Ó2DDÿÿ0AddressÓ  ÓÓ5+° °` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ 5ÓòòóóÓ5+° °` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ 5ÓÓ  Ó8MMÿÿ6BlockquoteÓ , ÓÓ , ÓÓ5+Ü Ü` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ 5ÓÓ  ÓÓ  ÓÓ5+° °` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ 5Ó,ÿÿ*CITEòòóó,dlÿÿ*CODEÔ‡ôôôÔÔK‡J<þ6X9`(‹Courier NewKÔÔ‡ôôôÔÔS‡ô\  `‹&Times New RomanSÔ4ÿÿ2Emphasisòòóó6ÿÿ4HyperlinkóóòòÔ ÿ ÔóóÔ  Ô<ÿÿ:FollowedHypeóóòòÔ €€ ÔóóÔ  Ô4goÿÿ2Keyboardò òÔ‡ôôôÔÔK‡J<þ6X9`(‹Courier NewKÔÔ‡ôôôÔÔS‡ô\  `‹&Times New RomanSÔó ó<Ÿ§ÿÿ:PreformattedÓ  ÓÓ/%° °Ïî ,KkŠ©È %#/ÓÔ‡ôôôÔÔK‡J<þ6X9`(‹Courier NewKÔÔ‡ôôôÔÔS‡ô\  `‹&Times New RomanSÔÓ/%° °Ïî ,KkŠ©È %#/ÓÓ  Ó<Ûïÿÿ:z©Bottom of Ó7€?(€X7ÓÓ  ÓÓ  ÓÓ5+° °` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ 5ÓÔ‡ÔÔ?‡K%ä2¼A`‹Arial?ÔÓ  ÓÔ‡ôôôÔÔS‡ô\  `‹&Times New RomanSÔÓ7€@(€X7ÓÓ5+° °` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ 5ÓÓ  Ó&ÿÿ  d d>)1dxd'dxd<Ûïÿÿ:z©Top of ForÓ7€B(€X7ÓÓ  ÓÓ  ÓÓ5+° °` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ 5ÓÔ‡ÔÔ?‡K%ä2¼A`‹Arial?ÔÓ  ÓÔ‡ôôôÔÔS‡ô\  `‹&Times New RomanSÔÓ7€@(€X7ÓÓ5+° °` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ 5ÓÓ  Ó>)2dxd0KSÿÿ.SampleÔK‡J<þ6X9`(‹Courier NewKÔÔS‡ô\  `‹&Times New RomanSÔ0ÿÿ.Strongò òó ó8dlÿÿ6TypewriterÔ‡ôôôÔÔK‡J<þ6X9`(‹Courier NewKÔÔ‡ôôôÔÔS‡ô\  `‹&Times New RomanSÔ4ÿÿ2Variableòòóó: ÿÿ8HTML MarkupÔB  ÔÔ ÿ ÔÔ  Ô2 ÿÿ0CommentÔB  Ô ÿÿ35;AGMSY_11.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.<þ6X9`(‹Courier New%ä2¼A`‹Arial3#37=CIQYag­­1.a.i.(1)(a)(i)1)a)Li)(;3£$´´Ô2#ÔÚ  Ú0Ú  Ú.Ô3  Ôà0  à ºÝ ƒSÄ($ÝÔUSUS.,Ôà  àòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÔ€ôUoòXXÔWe€will€refer€to€the€minor€children€by€their€initials.(ÍO$——ÔÿÔòòóóÔÿÔÿÿSDU_6 ºÝ ƒSÄ($ÝÔUSUS.,Ôà  àòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÔ€ôUoòXXÔWe€will€refer€to€the€minor€children€by€their€initials.(.(3Ä($¤¤Ý ƒüœ!ÝÔUSUS.,ÔÝ  Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó d - ù- 0Ñ#€ïXÿÿd#ÑÑ €[ ÑÝ ƒüœ!ÝÔUSUS.,ÔÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÔ‡XÞXXXÔÔ‡¼˜¡»XXÞÔÑ€^ÆÑà@hhìàÔ#†XÞX»¼˜¡\#ÔÔ‡îw>îXXÞÔIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEˆÐ ° Ðà@òò%ìàAT€JACKSONÔ#†XÞXîîw>Á#ÔÔ‡¼˜¡»XXÞԈРÓ# ÐÓ  ÓAssigned€on€Briefs€à @ àà @` àNovember€2,€2004Ð öF ÐÔ#†XÞX»¼˜¡b#ÔÔ‡¼˜¡»XXÞÔÌò òÔ#†XÞX»¼˜¡#ÔòòóóÔ#†X5XXXÞ=#ÔÔ‡XÞXXX5ÔÔ‡¼˜¡»XXÞÔSTATE€OF€TENNESSEEÔ#†XÞX»¼˜¡¤#ÔÔ‡¼˜¡»XXÞÔÔ#†¼b: »»¼˜¡…#ÔÔ‡¼˜¡» »¼b:Ô€v.Ô#†XÞX»¼˜¡ø#ÔÔ#†X5XXXÞ:#ÔòòóóÔ‡¼b: »XX5ÔÔ‡¼˜¡» »¼b:Ô€òòGERALD€Ô_ÔPENDLETONÔ_ÔóóÔ#†¼b: »»¼˜¡Ç#ÔÔ#†X5X »¼b:¨#Ôó óÔ‡XÞXXX5ÔÔ‡¼˜¡»XXÞÔÐ  f ÐÌÔ#†XÞX»¼˜¡…#Ôà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà0 @ àà@@½½ìàò òDirect€Appeal€from€the€Criminal€Court€for€Shelby€CountyÐ 7 ‡ Ðà@@øøìàNo.€02„00512€€€Bernie€Ô_ÔWeinmanÔ_Ô,€JudgeÐ ! q ÐÌÌà@@ìì*ìàßA€VT) °°` d€÷E<Þ` AßÐ ß/  ÐÌà@@TTìàNo.€W2003„03043„CCA„R3„CD€€„€Filed€December€20,€Ô_Ô2004Ô_ÔÐ Ø(  ÐÌßA€VT) °°` dE<«` AßÐ ¬ü  Ðó óÌÓ  ÓÔ#†X5XXXÞf#ÔA€Shelby€County€jury€convicted€the€Defendant€of€first€degree€felony€murder,€aggravated€childÐ ¤ô  Ðabuse,€aggravated€child€neglect,€and€perjury.€€On€appeal,€the€Defendant€contends€that:€(1)€theÐ Ý Ðevidence€is€insufficient€to€sustain€his€conviction€for€felony€murder;€and€(2)€he€was€denied€a€fair€trialÐ vÆ Ðbecause€an€expert€witness€for€the€State€did€not€disclose€to€the€jury€that€the€witness€was€himself€theÐ _¯ Ðsubject€of€a€federal€criminal€investigation.€€Finding€no€reversible€error,€we€affirm€the€trial€courtððsÐ H˜ Ðjudgment.Ð 1 ÐÌÔ‡XÞXXX5ÔÓ’Óò òTenn.€R.€App.€P.€3€Appeal€as€of€Right;€Judgment€of€the€Criminal€Court€Affirmedó óÐ S ÐÌòòÓ  ÓRobert€W.€Ô_ÔWedemeyerÔ_Ô,€J.óó,€delivered€the€opinion€of€the€court,€in€whichòò€Jerry€L.€Smith€Ô#†X5XàXÞ9#ÔÔ‡XÞXàX5Ôóóandòò€Ô#†X5XàXÞ#ÔÔ‡XÞXàX5ÔÔ_ÔJ.C.Ô_ÔÐ Ö& ÐÔ_ÔMcLinÔ_Ô,€JJ.óó,€joined.Ð ¿ ÐÌÔ#†X5XXXÞË#ÔCharles€Ô_ÔWaldmanÔ_Ô,€Memphis,€Tennessee,€for€the€appellant,€Gerald€Ô_ÔPendletonÔ_Ô.Ô‡XÞXXX5ÔòòóóÐ ‘á ÐÌPaul€G.€Summers,€Attorney€General€and€Reporter;€J.€Ross€Dyer,€Assistant€Attorney€General;Ð c³ ÐÔ#†X5XXXÞ#ÔÔ‡XÞXXX5ÔWilliam€L.€Gibbons,€District€Attorney€General;€and€Jim€Ô_ÔLammeyÔ_Ô€and€Valerie€Smith,€AssistantÐ L œ ÐDistrict€Attorneys€General,€for€the€appellee,€State€of€Tennessee.Ð 5!…  ÐÌÓÕÓà@@OO&ìàò òOPINIONó óÐ #W" ÐòòóóÓ  ÓÔ#†X5XXXÞç#Ôà@¯¯&ìàò òI.€FactsˆÐ ñ#A# ÐÌó óà  àIn€January€2002,€the€Defendant€was€indicted€for€one€count€of€aggravated€child€abuse,€oneÐ Å%!% Ðcount€of€aggravated€child€neglect,€and€one€count€of€felony€murder.€€In€October€2002,€the€DefendantÐ ®&þ!& Ðwas€indicted€for€aggravated€perjury.€€A€Shelby€County€jury€convicted€the€Defendant€of€felonyÐ —'ç"' Ðmurder,€aggravated€child€abuse,€aggravated€child€neglect,€and€perjury.€€The€trial€court€sentenced€himÐ €(Ð#( Ðto€life€imprisonment€for€the€felony€murder€conviction,€and€€twenty€years€each€for€the€aggravatedÐ i)¹$) Ðchild€abuse€and€aggravated€child€neglect€convictions,€to€be€served€concurrently€with€the€lifeÐ R*¢%* Ðsentence.€€The€trial€court€sentenced€the€Defendant€to€eleven€months€and€twenty„nine€days€for€theÐ ;+‹&+ Ðperjury€conviction,€to€be€served€consecutive€to€the€aggravated€child€neglect€conviction.€€Ð $,t', Ðà  àÌà  àThe€following€relevant€evidence€was€presented€at€the€Defendantððs€trial.€€Ô_ÔCamilyaÔ_Ô€WrightÐ ö-F). ÐÑ^ÆÑâ ^âÑ8€5XXdédÈ8ÑÑ€[Ñâ ^âÑ  Ñtestified€that€she€has€two€children,€a€son€named€€J.W.,׃O×Ý ƒU#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€and€a€daughter€named€€K.W.,׃RQ×Ý ƒU#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€who€was€alsoÐ ° Ðthe€Defendantððs€daughter.€€She€testified€that,€on€July€12,€2001,€J.W.€was€two€years€old.€€She€said€thatÐ ™é Ðher€relationship€with€the€Defendant€was€ð ðall€rightðð€until€he€lost€his€job€and€she€told€him,€right€afterÐ ‚Ò Ðthe€4thòòóó€of€July,€that€she€was€going€to€move€back€home€to€live€with€her€mother.€€She€testified€that€theÐ k» ÐDefendant€said€he€was€fine€with€that€ð ðbut€the€expression€on€his€face€was€like€he€was€upset,€angry.ðð€Ð T¤ ÐShe€said€that,€on€July€12,€2001,€she€was€working€at€Ô_ÔCingularÔ_Ô€Wireless€Warehouse€and€she€livedÐ =  Ðabout€forty€to€forty„five€minutes€from€work.€€She€testified€that,€on€that€morning,€she€left€for€workÐ & v Ðaround€9:30€a.m.€and€when€she€left€that€morning,€K.W.€and€the€Defendant€were€still€sleeping€andÐ  _ ÐJ.W.€was€awake.€€She€said€that€J.W.€was€ð ðsaying€his€Ô_ÔA.B.CÔ_Ôððs,ðð€and€she€told€him€she€was€leaving€andÐ ø H Ðhe€should€go€back€to€sleep.€€Wright€testified€that€the€last€time€she€saw€J.W.€before€he€died€he€lookedÐ á 1  Ðnormal€and€there€were€no€bruises€on€him.€Ð Ê   ÐÌà  àWright€testified€that€she€came€home€right€after€work,€on€July€12,€2001,€and€she€found€theÐ œì  ÐDefendant€in€the€kitchen€cleaning€a€pillow.€€The€Defendant€told€her€that€ð ðhe€had€spanked€[J.W.]€forÐ …Õ  Ðmessing€on€the€pillow.ðð€€Wright€testified€that€she€had€seen€the€Defendant€spank€J.W.€before€usingÐ n¾  Ðhis€hand€or€a€belt.€€€She€said€that€the€Defendant€then€went€outside€to€get€a€basket€from€her€car,€andÐ W§  Ðshe€turned€on€the€hallway€light€to€ð ðlook€in€on€[the€children].ðð€€She€testified€that€she€and€theÐ @ ÐDefendant€went€to€bed€around€11:30€p.m.,€and€she€said€that€she€did€not€wake€up€during€the€night.Ð )y ÐÌà  àWright€testified€that€the€Defendant€woke€her€up€at€around€6:00€a.m.€and€he€ð ðtold€me€thereÐ ûK Ðwas€something€wrong€with€[J.W.]ðð.€She€said€that€the€Defendant€was€ð ðholding€him,€shaking€him,€IÐ ä4 Ðguess€trying€to€wake€him€up.ðð€€She€testified€that€the€Defendant€tried€to€revive€J.W.,€and€he€told€herÐ Í Ðto€ð ðgo€call€911,ðð€which€she€did.€€Wright€testified€that,€during€this€time,€the€Defendant€would€not€letÐ ¶ Ðher€touch€J.W.,€and€the€Defendant€told€her€to€get€K.W.€and€go€into€the€living€room.€€She€said€thatÐ Ÿï Ðshe€then€called€her€mother€and€ð ðtold€her€to€come€out€there.ðð€€Wright€testified€that€a€fire€truck€arrivedÐ ˆØ Ðand€the€emergency€workers€tried€to€give€J.W.€oxygen.€€An€ambulance€arrived€a€short€time€later.€€SheÐ qÁ Ðsaid€that€the€emergency€workers€took€J.W.€downstairs€to€the€ambulance€and€then€they€told€her€ð ðthatÐ Zª Ðhe€was€already€dead.ðð€€Wright€testified€that,€during€this€time,€the€Defendant€was€talking€to€theÐ C“ Ðparamedics€and€the€police€officers€that€had€arrived,€but€she€did€not€hear€these€conversations.Ð ,| ÐÌà  àWright€testified€that€she,€the€Defendant,€and€K.W.€went€to€her€motherððs€house.€€She€said€thatÐ þN Ðthe€Defendant€said€that€he€had€given€J.W.€ð ðsome€Fletcherððs€Castoria€because€he€.€.€.€messed€on€theÐ ç 7 Ðpillow.ðð€€She€testified€that€the€Defendant€said€that€he€heard€J.W.€ð ðsquirming,ðð€and€he€went€to€seeÐ Ð!   Ðif€he€was€doing€alright.€€She€said€that€the€Defendant€told€her€that€he€put€J.W.€ð ðon€the€toiletðð€becauseÐ ¹" ! Ðhe€ð ðthought€maybe€[J.W.]€had€to€go€to€the€bathroom.ðð€€Wright€testified€that€they€stayed€at€herÐ ¢#ò" Ðmotherððs€house€until€the€detectives€called€and€told€them€to€come€to€the€police€station.Ð ‹$Û# ÐÌà  àOn€cross„examination,€Wright€testified€that,€when€she€first€met€the€Defendant,€Ô_ÔJ.W.Ô_Ô€wasÐ ]&­!% Ðapproximately€ten€months€old.€€She€said€that€she€lived€with€her€mother,€the€Defendant,€Ô_ÔJ.W.Ô_Ô,€andÐ F'–"& ÐÔ_ÔK.W.Ô_Ô€at€her€motherððs€house€for€about€four€or€five€months.€€She€testified€that€Ô_ÔJ.W.Ô_Ô€had€Ô_ÔhadÔ_Ô€ð ðbowelÐ /(#' Ðproblemsðð€since€he€was€about€one€year€old.€€She€explained€that€this€began€when€he€changed€fromÐ ° Ðð ðinfant€milk€to€regular€milkðð€because€ð ð[Ô_Ôi]tÔ_Ô€would€make€[Ô_ÔJ.W.Ô_Ô]€constipated.ðð€€Wright€testified€that,Ð ™é Ðbased€on€doctorððs€instructions,€she€and€the€Defendant€gave€Ô_ÔJ.W.Ô_Ô€Fletcherððs€Ô_ÔCastoriaÔ_Ô€sometimes.€€SheÐ ‚Ò Ðsaid€that€when€she€and€the€Defendant€moved€to€Ô_ÔMillingtonÔ_Ô,€she€would€work€and€the€DefendantÐ k» Ðwould€look€after€Ô_ÔJ.W.Ô_Ô€and€Ô_ÔK.W.Ô_Ô,€and,€if€the€Defendant€was€looking€for€a€job,€the€Defendantððs€sisterÐ T¤ Ðwould€watch€the€children.Ð =  ÐÌà  àWright€testified€that,€sometime€before€the€4thòò€óóof€July,€the€Defendant€and€Ô_ÔJ.W.Ô_Ô€told€her€thatÐ  _ ÐÔ_ÔJ.W.Ô_Ô€had€slipped€and€fallen€in€the€kitchen.€€She€said€that€she€would€ask€Ô_ÔJ.W.Ô_Ô€ð ðif€anyone€hurt€himððÐ ø H Ðand€ð ð[Ô_ÔJ.W.Ô_Ô]€said€he€would€tell€[her]€if€anybody€hurt€him,ðð€but€he€never€indicated€that€anyone€hadÐ á 1  Ðhurt€him.€€Wright€said€that€Ô_ÔJ.W.Ô_Ô€was€with€the€Defendant€for€about€eleven€hours€a€day,€five€days€aÐ Ê   Ðweek.€€She€said€that,€when€the€family€moved€to€Ô_ÔMillingtonÔ_Ô,€Ô_ÔJ.W.Ô_Ô€still€had€problems€with€ð ðhis€bowelÐ ³  Ðmovementsðð€but€not€as€much€because€he€was€not€drinking€regular€milk€that€often.€€She€testified€that,Ð œì  Ðmost€often,€the€Defendant€would€feed€Ô_ÔJ.W.Ô_Ô,€and€he€was€responsible€for€Ô_ÔJ.W.Ô_Ôððs€diet.€€She€said€thatÐ …Õ  Ðthe€Defendant€was€the€primary€care€provider€for€about€three€months,€and€she€felt€comfortable€aboutÐ n¾  Ðleaving€him€with€the€children.Ð W§  ÐÌà  àMike€Johnson,€an€Emergency€Medical€Technician€(ð ðEMTðð)€with€the€Ô_ÔMillingtonÔ_Ô€FireÐ )y ÐDepartment,€testified€that,€on€July€13,€2001,€he€responded€to€a€call€about€a€two„year€old€child,€whoÐ b Ðhe€later€determined€was€J.W.,€suffering€from€a€ð ðpossible€full€arrest.ðð€€He€said€that,€when€they€arrivedÐ ûK Ðat€the€apartment,€J.W.€ð ðwas€laying€on€the€bed€and€he€was€not€breathing.€€He€was€cool€to€the€touch.ðð€Ð ä4 ÐHe€testified€that€he€and€another€fireman€began€to€perform€CPR€on€J.W.€until€the€ambulance€arrived,Ð Í Ðand€when€the€ambulance€arrived,€Johnson€took€J.W.€to€the€ambulance.€€Johnson€testified€that€theÐ ¶ Ðparamedic€on€the€ambulance€called€a€physician€who€told€the€paramedic€ð ðshe€could€go€ahead€andÐ Ÿï Ðstop€CPR.ðð€€He€said€that€the€police€were€called€to€the€scene€ð ð[b]ecause€of€bruising€.€.€.€that€wasÐ ˆØ Ðfound€on€[J.W.]€.€.€.€[i]n€the€stomach€area.ðð€€Ð qÁ ÐÌà  àOn€cross„examination,€Johnson€testified€that€his€station€received€the€call€because€they€wereÐ C“ Ðclosest€to€the€address,€and€it€took€about€three€minutes€to€arrive€at€the€residence.€€He€said€that,€whenÐ ,| Ðthey€first€arrived,€there€was€no€ð ðsuspicion€of€any€wrongdoingðð€and€that€they€found€J.W.€on€the€bed.€Ð e ÐHe€testified€that€there€was€ð ðsome€discolored€stuff€right€there€around€[Ô_ÔJ.W.Ô_Ôððs]€mouth,ðð€which€heÐ þN Ðguessed€ð ðwas€the€castor€oil.ðð€€Johnson€testified€that€he€checked€for€a€pulse,€did€not€find€one,€€but€stillÐ ç 7 Ðthought€that€CPR€might€help.€€Johnson€testified€that€he€noticed€bruising€in€the€abdomen€area,€andÐ Ð!   Ðð ðthere€were€several€places€[of€bruising]€that€we€noticed€in€this€area.ðð€€Ð ¹" ! ÐÌà  àOn€re„direct€examination,€Johnson€testified€that€he€and€other€emergency€personnel€ð ðstartedÐ ‹$Û# Ðgetting€suspiciousðð€after€they€got€J.W.€into€the€ambulance.€€He€explained€that€he€was€not€suspiciousÐ t%Ä $ Ðwhen€he€received€this€call€because€such€calls€are€ð ðpretty€common.ðð€€On€re„cross€examination,Ð ]&­!% ÐJohnson€testified€that€he€did€not€notice€any€bruising€on€Ô_ÔJ.W.Ô_Ôððs€€forehead,€and€it€was€the€bruising€inÐ F'–"& Ðthe€abdomen€region€that€caused€his€suspicion€about€ð ðwho€did€what.ðð€€He€conceded€that€he€was€notÐ /(#' Ðtrained€to€determine€whether€bruising€was€caused€internally€or€externally.Ð )h$( ÐÌà  àReed€Johnson,€an€officer€with€the€Ô_ÔMillingtonÔ_Ô€Police€Department,€testified€that€he€wasÐ ê*:&* Ðworking€on€the€morning€of€July€13,€2001,€and€he€was€called€to€the€Defendantððs€residence.€€He€saidÐ Ó+#'+ Ðthat,€when€he€got€there,€he€saw€an€ambulance€and€a€fire€truck,€and€other€emergency€personnel€toldÐ ° Ðhim€that€there€was€a€two„year„old€male€that€the€paramedics€were€no€longer€giving€CPR.€€OfficerÐ ™é ÐJohnson€testified€that€he€met€with€the€Defendant€who€told€him€that,€at€about€1:00€a.m.,€J.W.€wokeÐ ‚Ò Ðup€and€told€the€Defendant€that€he€had€a€sore€stomach.€€He€said€that€the€Defendant€said€that€he€gaveÐ k» ÐJ.W.€some€Fletcherððs€Ô_ÔCastoriaÔ_Ô€and€put€J.W.€on€the€toilet,€and€J.W.€and€the€Defendant€went€back€toÐ T¤ Ðsleep€at€about€2:00€a.m.€€He€testified€that€he€was€the€first€police€officer€on€the€scene€and,€afterÐ =  Ðð ðÔ_Ôassess[ingÔ_Ô]€the€situation,ðð€he€called€the€detectives.€€Officer€Johnson€testified€that€he€did€not€go€intoÐ & v Ðthe€apartment€at€any€time.€€He€said€that€he€saw€the€child€in€the€ambulance,€but€he€did€not€go€into€theÐ  _ Ðambulance€and€he€did€not€ð ðnotice€anything€about€the€child[.]ððÐ ø H ÐÌà  àOn€cross„examination,€Officer€Johnson€testified€that€it€is€normal€standard€operatingÐ Ê   Ðprocedure€in€Ô_ÔMillingtonÔ_Ô€to€call€a€detective€when€a€two„year„old€child€had€died.€€On€re„directÐ ³  Ðexamination,€Officer€Johnson€testified€that€it€was€normal€procedure€for€the€police€to€respond€to€anyÐ œì  Ðdeath.€€He€said€that€his€suspicions€may€have€been€raised€because€the€Defendant€repeated€his€storyÐ …Õ  Ðthree€or€four€times,€which€seemed€as€though€he€was€ð ðÔ_Ômak[ingÔ_Ô]€sure€it€was€right.ðð€€On€re„crossÐ n¾  Ðexamination,€Officer€Johnson€testified€that€the€Defendant€repeated€the€same€story€to€him€and€theÐ W§  Ðlieutenant€with€the€fire€department.€€He€said€that€the€Defendant€was€speaking€with€the€fire€lieutenantÐ @ Ðwhen€he€arrived€so€he€did€not€know€who€initiated€that€conversation€and,€since€he€was€the€first€officerÐ )y Ðon€the€scene,€he€wanted€to€know€what€had€happened.Ð b ÐÌà  àChris€Stokes,€a€detective€with€the€Ô_ÔMillingtonÔ_Ô€Police€Department€,€testified€that,€on€July€13,Ð ä4 Ð2001,€he€was€called€to€the€scene€to€investigate€Ô_ÔJ.W.Ô_Ôððs€death.€€He€said€that,€when€he€arrived,€the€fireÐ Í Ðdepartment,€ambulance,€and€two€patrol€cars€were€present€and€there€was€a€two„year„old€child€in€theÐ ¶ Ðambulance€that€ð ðhad€been€pronounced€dead.ðð€€Detective€Stokes€testified€that€he€looked€at€the€childÐ Ÿï Ðand,€at€first,€did€not€notice€anything,€especially€since€the€ambulance€was€dark.€€€He€said€that€he€tookÐ ˆØ Ðphotographs€and,€after€they€were€developed,€he€noticed€ð ðbruises€on€the€chest€and€stomach,€mainlyÐ qÁ Ðthe€stomach.ðð€€He€testified€that,€when€he€was€at€the€crime€scene,€€Ms.€Wright,€the€childððs€mother,Ð Zª Ðwas€present€outside,€and€he€went€into€the€residence€with€the€Defendant€and€Officer€Reed€Johnson.€Ð C“ ÐDetective€Stokes€testified€that,€inside€the€apartment,€there€were€ð ðblood€stains€or€what€appeared€toÐ ,| Ðbe€a€brown€stain€on€the€bed€where€the€child€was€on€the€pillow.ðð€€He€said€that€the€Defendant€said€thatÐ e Ðhe€had€given€the€child€ð ðsome€brown€medicine€.€.€.€Fletcherððs€Ô_ÔCastoriaÔ_Ô.ðð€€Detective€Stokes€testifiedÐ þN Ðthat€a€belt€was€found€under€the€cushions€of€the€couch€at€the€Defendantððs€residence.€€He€testified€thatÐ ç 7 Ðthe€child€was€taken€to€the€medical€examinerððs€office,€and€he€went€back€to€the€department€to€noteÐ Ð!   Ðwhat€he€had€learned€at€the€scene.€€He€said€that€he€spent€about€forty„five€minutes€at€the€scene.Ð ¹" ! ÐÌà  àDetective€Stokes€testified€that,€later€that€afternoon,€he€spoke€with€the€medical€examiner,€afterÐ ‹$Û# Ðwhich,€he€spoke€with€Ms.€Wright,€the€Defendant,€and€the€Defendantððs€sister.€€He€said€that€it€is€theÐ t%Ä $ ÐÔ_ÔMillingtonÔ_Ô€Police€Department€procedure€to€videotape€statements,€and€there€was€a€video€camera€inÐ ]&­!% Ðthe€room€where€the€interviews€are€conducted.€€He€testified€that,€when€he€talked€with€the€Defendant,Ð F'–"& Ðthere€were€two€other€detectives€present,€Sergeant€White€and€Sergeant€Cross.€€Detective€StokesÐ /(#' Ðtestified€that,€before€interviewing€the€Defendant,€he€advised€him€of€his€rights,€which€was€recordedÐ )h$( Ðon€the€video.€€He€said€that€the€interview€lasted€almost€two€hours,€and€the€Defendant€was€not€underÐ *Q%) Ðarrest€at€that€time.€€He€testified€that€he€and€his€ð ðco„caseðð€officer,€Sergeant€White,€€were€in€contactÐ ê*:&* Ðwith€the€Attorney€Generalððs€Office€and€informed€the€Office€of€what€information€they€had€obtained.€Ð Ó+#'+ ÐHe€said€that€the€Attorney€Generalððs€Office€told€them€to€arrest€the€Defendant€about€an€hour€after€theÐ ° ÐDefendant€left€the€station.Ð ™é ÐÌà  àOn€cross„examination,€Detective€Stokes€testified€that€this€was€his€first€homicideÐ k» Ðinvestigation.€€He€said€that,€when€he€got€to€the€scene,€he€first€spoke€to€Officer€Reed€Johnson€to€findÐ T¤ Ðout€what€had€happened.€€He€explained€that€Officer€Johnson€told€him€that€the€fire€departmentÐ =  Ðresponded€to€a€911€call,€and€the€police€responded€at€the€fire€departmentððs€request€after€the€€child€wasÐ & v Ðpronounced€dead.€€Detective€Stokes€testified€that€he€looked€at€the€child,€and€did€not€notice€bruisingÐ  _ Ðon€the€abdomen.€€He€said€that€he€did€not€speak€with€Ms.€Wright€because€she€was€ð ðdistraught,ðð€butÐ ø H Ðhe€did€speak€with€the€Defendant€who€told€him€that€he€tried€to€do€CPR€on€J.W.€€He€testified€that€theÐ á 1  ÐDefendant€showed€him€where€everyone€in€the€residence€sleeps.€€He€said€that€he€did€not€see€K.W.Ð Ê   Ðon€the€scene,€but€she€may€have€been€with€her€mother€in€the€vehicle.€€Detective€Stokes€testified€that,Ð ³  Ðon€the€interview€videotape,€the€Defendant€told€him€that€K.W.€was€a€ð ðbuck€wild€sleeper.ðð€€HeÐ œì  Ðtestified€that€J.W.€and€K.W.€slept€together,€according€to€the€Defendant€and€Ms.€Wright,€in€a€smallÐ …Õ  Ðchildrenððs€bed.€€He€said€that€when€they€interviewed€Ms.€Wright,€she€was€given€Miranda€warningsÐ n¾  Ðbecause€ð ðshe€was€also€one€of€the€care€givers€of€the€childðð€and€ð ða€suspect€at€this€point.ðð€€He€explainedÐ W§  Ðthat€both€the€Defendant€and€Ms.€Wright€were€viewed€as€suspects,€the€Defendantððs€sister€was€not€aÐ @ Ðsuspect.Ð )y ÐÌà  àDetective€Stokes€testified€that€he€spoke€with€the€medical€examiner,€Dr.€Cindy€Gardner,€whoÐ ûK Ðtold€him€that€the€cause€of€death€might€be€trauma€to€the€abdomen€and€the€head.€€He€said€that€Dr.Ð ä4 ÐGardner€told€him€that€the€abdomen€was€filled€with€soup€and€macaroni€and€a€two„year„old€child€hasÐ Í Ða€small€abdomen€and€it€was€ð ðlike€a€balloon€bursting€.€.€.€.ðð€€He€testified€that€he€did€not€remember€anyÐ ¶ Ðother€explanation€ð ðother€than€a€hard€trauma€to€that€area.ðð€€He€said€that€he€asked€the€medicalÐ Ÿï Ðexaminer€if€a€belt€could€have€caused€this€injury€and€the€examiner€told€him€it€could€not€be€becauseÐ ˆØ Ðit€would€ð ðhave€to€be€some€kind€of€force€.€.€.€some€kind€of€weight.ðð€€Detective€Stokes€testified€thatÐ qÁ Ðthe€Ô_ÔTBIÔ_Ô€Lab€analyzed€the€ð ðbrown€stainsðð€found€on€the€pillow€in€Ô_ÔJ.W.Ô_Ôððs€room€and,€to€his€recollection,Ð Zª Ðdetermined€it€to€be€blood.€€He€said€that,€when€he€arrived€at€the€scene,€his€first€theory€was€that€theÐ C“ Ðchild€may€have€overdosed€or€ingested€some€poison€because€the€fire€department€and€medics€on€theÐ ,| Ðscene€ð ðthought€that€the€child€had€aspirated€on€the€liquid€during€the€night.ðð€€He€testified€that,€basedÐ e Ðon€the€medical€examinerððs€conclusion,€he€thought€there€must€have€been€a€person€that€applied€forceÐ þN Ðto€cause€the€ruptured€abdomen,€but€he€did€not€consider€that€person€to€be€a€child.Ð ç 7 ÐÌà  àOn€re„direct€examination,€Detective€Stokes€testified€that€he€first€learned€that€the€DefendantÐ ¹" ! Ðhad€spanked€J.W.€when€he€admitted€to€disciplining€him€on€the€videotape€interview.€€He€said€that,Ð ¢#ò" Ðbased€on€what€the€Defendant€told€him,€he€had€no€reason€to€believe€that€the€substance€on€the€pillowÐ ‹$Û# Ðwas€blood€because€it€was€the€same€color€as€the€castor€oil€that€the€Defendant€gave€to€J.W.€€He€saidÐ t%Ä $ Ðthat€he€asked€the€lab€to€test€the€pillow€to€see€if€castor€oil€was€present€and€they€said€they€could€not.€Ð ]&­!% ÐHe€testified€that€the€bottle€of€castor€oil€that€was€in€the€house€was€still€sealed.€€On€re„crossÐ F'–"& Ðexamination,€Detective€Stokes€testified€that€he€did€not€ask€the€Defendant,€Ms.€Wright€or€theÐ /(#' ÐDefendantððs€sister€to€sign€any€documents€waiving€their€rights,€but€ð ð[i]t€was€all€done€on€video.ððÐ )h$( ÐÌà  àWilliam€Graves,€an€officer€with€the€Millington€Police€Department,€testified€that,€on€July€14,Ð ê*:&* Ð2001,€he€arrested€the€Defendant€and€transported€him€to€Ô_ÔMillingtonÔ_Ô€Police€Headquarters.€€€He€saidÐ Ó+#'+ Ðthat€he€and€Lieutenant€Estes€read€the€Defendant€his€Miranda€rights€and€had€him€sign€a€waiver€formÐ ° Ðin€his€presence.Ð ™é ÐÌà  àDr.€OððBrian€Cleary€(ð ðO.C.ðð)€Smith,€the€head€of€the€Forensic€Pathology€Division€at€theÐ k» ÐUniversity€of€Tennessee€and€associate€professor€of€pathology,€testified,€as€an€expert,€that€he€isÐ T¤ Ðlicensed€to€practice€medicine€in€Tennessee€and€that€one€of€his€duties€was€to€perform€autopsies.€€HeÐ =  Ðtestified€that€he€performed€an€autopsy€on€J.W.€on€July€13,€2001,€and€concluded€that€J.W.€had€diedÐ & v Ðas€a€result€of€multiple€injuries.€€He€said€that€J.W.ððs€injuries€consisted€of€head€injuries€andÐ  _ Ðð ðpredominately€injuries€to€the€abdominal€areaðð€including€the€rupture€of€the€stomach.€€Dr.€SmithÐ ø H Ðtestified€that€there€was€bruising€on€the€ð ðleft€brow€of€the€head,ðð€as€well€as€bruising€around€the€leftÐ á 1  Ðside€of€the€chest€and€the€right€side€of€the€abdomen.€€The€doctor€explained€that€there€were€three€areasÐ Ê   Ðof€bruising:€the€right€side€of€the€abdomen;€below€the€rib€cage;€and€€ð ðwhere€the€bottom€of€the€rib€cageÐ ³  Ðmeets€the€abdomen.ðð€€He€said€that€this€bruising€was€ð ðrelatively€recentðð€because€there€was€a€ð ðrecentÐ œì  Ðhemorrhageðð€but€no€inflammation.€€He€opined€that€the€child€did€not€live€long€enough€forÐ …Õ  Ðinflammation€to€occur.€€He€testified€that€the€ð ðpredominant€injuryðð€was€a€stomach€rupture€ð ðin€whichÐ n¾  Ðcompressive€force€had€caused€the€stomach€to€burst€releasing€the€stomach€contents€within€theÐ W§  Ðabdomen€as€well€as€causing€bleeding€to€accumulate€within€the€abdomen.ðð€€Ð @ ÐÌà  àDr.€Smith€testified€that€the€abdomen€swelled€from€about€three€cups€of€€ð ðfluid€which€was€fecalÐ b Ðseep€from€the€inflamed€or€the€irritated€abdominal€wallðð€that€was€caused€by€the€ruptured€stomach.€Ð ûK ÐHe€said€that€there€was€also€bleeding€of€the€pancreas€and€bruising€of€the€intestines,€ð ðespecially€theÐ ä4 Ðlarge€intestine.ðð€€He€explained€that€ð ð[Ô_Ôs]omeÔ_Ô€.€.€.€blunt€forceðð€contacted€Ô_ÔJ.W.Ô_Ôððs€abdominal€wall€withÐ Í Ðenough€force€as€to€bruise€his€intestines.€€Dr.€Smith€testified€that€he€did€not€believe€the€force€of€a€beltÐ ¶ Ðcould€have€caused€the€injuries€because€ð ðin€order€to€achieve€the€compression€that€is€necessary€toÐ Ÿï Ðrupture€the€stomach,€there€has€to€be€a€lot€of€pressure€put€on€the€abdominal€wall.ðð€€He€explained€thatÐ ˆØ Ðthis€force€was€more€likely€the€result€of€a€heavy€object,€rather€than€a€light€one,ðð€like€a€belt.€€He€saidÐ qÁ Ðthat,€had€a€belt€caused€Ô_ÔJ.W.Ô_Ôððs€injuries,€J.W.€would€have€had€a€scrape€on€the€skin€surface,€which€wasÐ Zª Ðnot€present,€therefore€the€doctor€ð ðÔ_Ôreject[edÔ_Ô]ðð€the€notion€that€a€€belt€was€the€instrument€which€causedÐ C“ ÐÔ_ÔJ.W.Ô_Ôððs€injuries.Ð ,| ÐÌà  àDr.€Smith€testified€that€Ô_ÔJ.W.Ô_Ôððs€injuries€would€have€to€be€caused€by€ð ðsevere€force€andÐ þN Ðsometimes€even€massive€force€in€order€to€cause€damage€this€deep€inside€the€abdominal€cavity€.€.€.Ð ç 7 Ð.ðð€€He€said€that€the€abdomen€ð ðhas€to€be€compressed€deeply€enoughðð€to€cause€the€stomach€to€rupture.€Ð Ð!   ÐHe€testified€that€he€did€not€believe€that€a€ten€month€to€a€one„year„old€child€could€have€ð ðfeasibl[y]ððÐ ¹" ! Ðcaused€this€injury€unless€there€were€ð ðgreater€specifics€as€to€how€a€child€of€that€age€could€deliver€aÐ ¢#ò" Ðblow€of€that€force.ðð€€Dr.€Smith€testified€that€the€injuries€would€be€consistent€with€some€forceÐ ‹$Û# Ðinflicted€from€an€adult€with€ð ð[a]€hand,€a€fist,€a€knee,€a€foot,€something€like€that€could€produce€it.ðð€Ð t%Ä $ ÐHe€said€that€the€symptoms€of€this€type€of€injury€would€include,€initially€ð ðtak[ing]€a€personððs€windððÐ ]&­!% Ðand€causing€pain€because€the€nerve€endings€that€line€the€abdominal€cavity€are€sensitive€to€pain.€€HeÐ F'–"& Ðtestified€that,€when€the€stomach€ruptures,€the€contents€will€ð ðspill€outðð€and€these€contents€will€contain€Ð /(#' Ðacid.€€He€testified€that€a€person€may€not€want€to€be€moved€in€order€to€avoid€further€irritation.€€Dr.Ð )h$( ÐSmith€testified€that€a€child€may€die€within€hours€after€receiving€this€type€of€injury,€but€€it€is€difficultÐ *Q%) Ðto€state€exactly€how€long€it€would€take€for€death€to€occur.€€He€said€that€he€did€not€believe€that€thisÐ ê*:&* Ðtype€of€injury€could€come€from€CPR€performed€by€trained€professionals€because€the€damage€wasÐ Ó+#'+ Ðtoo€extensive,€and€ð ðthe€compressions€would€be€in€entirely€the€wrong€spot.ðð€€Further,€he€testified€thatÐ ° Ðit€appeared€that€the€accumulation€of€fluid€occurred€before€CPR€had€been€applied.€€Dr.€Smith€testifiedÐ ™é Ðthat€this€rupture€probably€occurred€within€a€short€time€after€the€child€had€a€meal€because€a€fullÐ ‚Ò Ðstomach€is€ð ðtenseðð€making€it€ð ðeasier€to€rupture€.€.€.€.ðð€€He€said€that,€because€the€abdominal€skin€isÐ k» Ðð ðelastic,ðð€it€is€possible€to€cause€internal€damage€to€the€organs€without€leaving€a€surface€mark.Ð T¤ ÐÌà  àOn€cross„examination,€Dr.€Smith€testified€that€he€could€not€state€with€certainty€what€timeÐ & v ÐJ.W.€was€struck,€exactly€what€struck€J.W.,€who€struck€him,€or€why€he€was€struck.€€He€testified€thatÐ  _ Ðhe€could€not€say€whether€a€fist€or€a€foot€caused€the€injury€because€he€did€not€know.€€He€said€that,Ð ø H Ðin€order€to€produce€damage,€the€object€has€to€have€weight€and€must€be€moving.€€He€testified€that€heÐ á 1  Ðdid€not€believe€the€injuries€were€caused€by€ð ðlying€on€the€childðð€because€that€would€also€result€inÐ Ê   Ðfurther€restrictions€on€the€childððs€chest€and€his€ability€to€breathe.€€Dr.€Smith€explained€that€thisÐ ³  Ðwould€lead€to€a€condition€known€as€ð ðtraumatic€asphyxiaðð€where€there€is€bleeding€in€the€whites€ofÐ œì  Ðthe€eyes€because€of€rupture€of€the€blood€vessels.€€He€said€that€this€condition€causes€a€person€to€dieÐ …Õ  Ðbecause€of€failure€to€breathe.€€He€testified€that,€based€on€the€traumatic€asphyxia€cases€he€had€seen,Ð n¾  Ðgastric€rupture€was€not€a€component.€€He€said€that,€since€the€instrumentality€was€not€know,€it€wasÐ W§  Ðdifficult€to€estimate€whether€the€injuries€occurred€as€a€result€of€ð ðone€blow€or€several€blows.ðð€€HeÐ @ Ðtestified€that€it€was€possible€for€someone€not€trained€in€CPR€to€cause€the€bruising€around€theÐ )y Ðabdomen.Ð b ÐÌà  àOn€re„direct€examination,€Dr.€Smith€testified€that€CPR€applied€at€or€near€the€time€of€deathÐ ä4 Ðð ðwould€not€show€the€degree€of€bleeding€in€the€childððs€tissues.€€And€it€would€not€show€the€degree€ofÐ Í Ðinflammation€which€is€the€reaction€of€living€tissue€to€an€insult€of€some€sort.ðð€€He€said€that,€basedÐ ¶ Ðon€the€tissue€examined,€the€injury€had€to€occur€ð ðsome€hoursðð€before€CPR€was€applied.€€He€testifiedÐ Ÿï Ðthat,€based€on€his€observations,€J.W.ððs€injuries€were€consistent€with€an€injury€that€occurred€beforeÐ ˆØ Ð7:00€or€8:00€p.m.€and€before€the€child€was€found€at€6:00€a.m.€the€next€morning.€€He€said€that€otherÐ qÁ Ðvariables€to€consider€were€that,€at€some€point,€the€child€goes€into€shock€based€on€the€lost€fluid€andÐ Zª Ðthis€slows€down€the€inflammatory€process.Ð C“ ÐÌà  àà ` àò òÔ‡X5XXX5Ôà@êê$ìàII.€€AnalysisˆÐ e ÐÌÔ#†X5XXX5¹’#Ôó óà  àOn€appeal,€the€Defendant€contends€first€that€the€evidence€is€insufficient€to€sustain€hisÐ é 9 Ðconviction€for€felony€murder.€€Second,€he€contends€that€he€was€denied€a€fair€trial€because€the€StateððsÐ Ò!"  Ðexpert€witness€did€not€disclose€to€the€jury€that€the€witness€was€himself€the€subject€of€a€federalÐ »" ! Ðcriminal€investigation.Ô‡X5XXX5ÔÐ ¤#ô" ÐÌà@××ìàò òA.€€Sufficiency€of€the€EvidenceÔ#†X5XXX5¸”#ÔÔ‡X5XXX5Ôó óˆÐ v%Æ $ ÐÌà  àÔ#†X5XXX5D•#ÔWhen€an€accused€challenges€the€Ô‡X5XXX5Ôsufficiency€of€the€Ô#†X5XXX5Ë•#ÔÔ‡X5XXX5Ôevidence,€this€Courtððs€standard€of€reviewÐ I'™"& Ðis€whether,€after€considering€the€evidence€in€the€light€most€favorable€to€the€prosecution,€any€rationalÐ 2(‚#' Ðtrier€of€fact€could€have€found€the€essential€elements€of€the€crime€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt.€€Tenn.Ð )k$( ÐR.€App.€P.€13(e);€Ô#†X5XXX5 –#ÔòòÔ‡X5XXX5ÔòòóóJackson€v.€Virginiaòòóó,Ô#†X5XXX5­—#ÔóóÔ‡X5XXX5Ô€443€U.S.€307,€324€(1979);€Ô#†X5XXX5˜#ÔòòòòóóÔ‡X5XXX5ÔState€v.€Carteróó,€121€S.W.3d€579,Ð *T%) Ð588€(Tenn.€2003);€òòState€v.€Smithóó,€24€S.W.3d€274,€278€(Tenn.€2000)Ô#†X5XXX5x˜#ÔÔ‡X5XXX5Ô.€Ô#†X5XXX59™#ÔÔ‡X5XXX5Ô€This€rule€applies€to€findingsÐ í*=&* Ðof€guilt€based€upon€direct€evidence,€circumstantial€evidence,€or€a€combination€of€both€direct€andÐ Ö+&'+ Ðcircumstantial€evidence.€€Ô#†X5XXX5}™#ÔòòÔ‡X5XXX5ÔòòóóState€v.€Ô_ÔPendergrassÔ_Ôòòóó,Ô#†X5XXX5…š#ÔóóÔ‡X5XXX5Ô€13€S.W.3d€389,€392„93€(Tenn.€Ô_ÔCrimÔ_Ô.€App.€1999).Ð ° ÐÐ Ѐà  àIn€determining€the€Ô#†X5XXX5 ›#ÔÔ‡X5XXX5Ôsufficiency€of€the€Ô#†X5XXX5ß›#ÔÔ‡X5XXX5Ôevidence,€this€Court€should€not€re„weigh€or€re„evaluateÐ ‚Ò Ðthe€evidence.€€Ô#†X5XXX54œ#ÔòòÔ‡X5XXX5ÔòòóóState€v.€Matthewsòòóó,Ô#†X5XXX5Ôœ#ÔóóÔ‡X5XXX5Ô€805€S.W.2d€776,€779€(Tenn.€Ô_ÔCrimÔ_Ô.€App.€1990).€€Nor€may€thisÐ k» ÐCourt€substitute€its€inferences€for€those€drawn€by€the€trier€of€fact€from€the€evidence.€€Ô#†X5XXX57#ÔòòÔ‡X5XXX5ÔòòóóState€v.€Ô_ÔBuggsÔ_Ôòòóó,Ô#†X5XXX5Ež#ÔóóÔ‡X5XXX5ÔÐ T¤ Ð995€S.W.2d€Ô% ‡Q ÔÔ#†X5XXX5Åž#ÔÔ%†QŸÔÔ‡X5XXX5Ô102,€105€(Tenn.€1999);€Ô#†X5XXX5EŸ#ÔòòÔ‡X5XXX5ÔòòóóÔ_ÔLiakasÔ_Ô€v.€Stateòòóó,Ô#†X5XXX5¡Ÿ#ÔóóÔ‡X5XXX5Ô€286€S.W.2d€856,€859€(Tenn.€1956).€€QuestionsÐ =  Ðconcerning€the€credibility€of€the€witnesses,€the€weight€and€value€of€the€evidence,€and€all€factualÐ & v Ðissues€raised€by€the€evidence€are€resolved€by€the€trier€of€fact.€€Ô#†X5XXX5" #ÔòòÔ‡X5XXX5ÔòòóóÔ_ÔLiakasÔ_Ôòòóó,Ô#†X5XXX5b¡#ÔóóÔ‡X5XXX5Ô€286€S.W.2d€at€859.€This€CourtÐ  _ Ðmust€afford€the€State€of€Tennessee€the€strongest€legitimate€view€of€the€evidence€contained€in€theÐ ø H Ðrecord,€as€well€as€all€reasonable€inferences€which€may€be€drawn€from€the€evidence.€Ô#†X5XXX5Ú¡#ÔòòÔ‡X5XXX5Ô€òòóóState€v.€Evansòòóó,Ô#†X5XXX5£#ÔóóÔ‡X5XXX5ÔÐ á 1  Ð838€S.W.2d€185,€191€(Tenn.€1992).€€Because€a€verdict€of€guilt€against€a€defendant€removes€theÐ Ê   Ðpresumption€of€innocence€and€raises€a€presumption€of€guilt,€the€convicted€criminal€defendant€bearsÐ ³  Ðthe€burden€of€showing€that€the€evidence€was€legally€insufficient€to€sustain€a€guilty€verdict.€€Ô#†X5XXX5|£#ÔòòÔ‡X5XXX5ÔòòóóId.Ô#†X5XXX5¥#ÔÔ‡XÞXXX5Ôóó;€òòseeóóÐ œì  ÐòòState€v.€Carruthersóó,€35€S.W.3d€516,€557„58€(Tenn.€2000).Ô#†X5XXXÞi¥#ÔÔ‡X5XXX5ÔÐ …Õ  ÐÔ#†X5XXX5 ¦#ÔÔ‡X5XXX5ÔÌà  àA€conviction€may€be€based€entirely€on€circumstantial€evidence€where€the€facts€are€ð ðððsoÐ W§  Ðclearly€interwoven€and€connected€that€the€finger€of€guilt€is€pointed€unerringly€at€the€Defendant€andÐ @ Ðthe€Defendant€alone.ðððð€€òòState€v.€Reidóó,€91€S.W.3d€247,€277€(quoting€òòState€v.€Smithóó,€868€S.W.2d€561,Ð )y Ð569€(Tenn.€1993)).€€The€jury€decides€the€weight€to€be€given€to€circumstantial€evidence€and€ð ð[Ô_Ôt]heÔ_ÔÐ b Ðinferences€to€be€drawn€from€such€evidence,€and€the€extent€to€which€the€circumstances€are€consistentÐ ûK Ðwith€guilt€and€inconsistent€with€innocence,€are€questions€primarily€for€the€jury.ðð€€òòÔ_ÔMarableÔ_Ô€v.€Stateóó,Ð ä4 Ð203€Tenn.€440,€313€S.W.2d€451,€457€(1958)€(citations€omitted).€€While€single€facts,€consideredÐ Í Ðalone,€may€count€for€little€weight,€when€all€of€the€facts€and€circumstances€are€taken€together,€theyÐ ¶ Ðcan€point€the€finger€of€guilt€at€the€Defendant€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt.€€òòState€v.€Williamsóó,€657Ð Ÿï ÐS.W.2d€405,€410€(Tenn.€1983).€€Further,€ð ð[Ô_Ôt]heÔ_Ô€inferences€to€be€drawn€from€such€evidence,€and€theÐ ˆØ Ðextent€to€which€the€circumstances€are€consistent€with€guilt€and€inconsistent€with€innocence€areÐ qÁ Ðquestions€.€.€.€for€the€jury.ðð€€òòÔ_ÔMarableÔ_Ôóó,€203€Tenn.€440,€313€S.W.2d€at€457;€òòsee€alsoóó€òòState€v.€Gregoryóó,Ð Zª Ð862€S.W.2d€574,€577€(Tenn.€Ô_ÔCrimÔ_Ô.€App.€1993).Ô#†X5XXX5c¦#ÔÔ‡X5XXX5ÔÐ C“ ÐÓ  ÓÔ#†X5XXX5I­#ÔÓ€ I(ÿÿ03LÓÓ?+° °` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ °œX?ÓÔ_ÔÝ‚9ÿÝòòÔÿÔÔ_ÔÝ  ÝÔ_ÔóóÝ‚9ÿÝòòÔÿÿÔÔ_ÔÝ  ÝÔ_ÔóóÝ‚9ÿÝòòÔÿÿÔÔ_ÔÝ  ÝóóÔÿÔÔ‡X5XXX5ÔÌÓ  Óà  àThe€Defendant€contends€that€the€evidence€presented€at€trial€is€insufficient€to€sustain€hisÐ e Ðconviction€for€first€degree€felony€murder.€€Specifically,€he€asserts€that€the€proof€at€trial€showed€thatÐ þN Ðhe€had€a€close€relationship€with€J.W.€and€that,€when€Ms.€Wright€asked,€J.W.€told€her€that€he€wouldÐ ç 7 Ðtell€her€if€someone€hurt€him,€but€J.W.€never€told€his€mother€that€anyone€had€hurt€him.€€He€assertsÐ Ð!   Ðthat€the€evidence€at€trial€showed€that€he€was€an€important€part€to€the€family,€and€Ms.€Wright€felt€thatÐ ¹" ! Ðthe€Defendant€properly€took€care€of€the€children.€€He€contends€that€there€is€no€evidence€that€he€everÐ ¢#ò" Ðstruck€J.W.€or€when€the€injuries€occurred.Ð ‹$Û# ÐÔ#†X5XXX5o¯#ÔÓ¯ÓÔ‡XÞXXX5ÔÌÓ  Óà  àFirst€degree€murder,€as€stated€in€part€by€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€section€39„13„202(2)Ð ]&­!% Ð(2003),€is€ð ð[a]€killing€of€another€committed€in€the€perpetration€of€or€attempt€to€perpetrate€any€.€.€.Ð F'–"& Ðaggravated€child€abuse,€aggravated€child€neglect€.€.€.€.ðð€€Aggravated€child€abuse€is€when€ð ð[a]€personÐ /(#' Ð.€.€.€commits€the€offense€of€child€abuse€or€neglect€as€defined€in€Ô_Ôð§ ðÔ_Ô€39„15„401€and:€(1)€The€act€of€abuseÐ )h$( Ðor€neglect€results€in€serious€bodily€injury€to€the€child€.€.€.€.ðð€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€Ô_Ôð§ ðÔ_Ô€39„15„402(a)(1)Ð *Q%) Ð(2003).€€Child€abuse€and€neglect,€defined€by€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€section€39„15„401,€is€whenÐ ê*:&* Ðð ð[Ô_Ôa]nyÔ_Ô€person€who€knowingly,€other€than€by€accidental€means,€treats€a€child€under€eighteen€(18)Ð Ó+#'+ Ðyears€of€age€in€such€a€manner€as€to€inflict€injury€or€neglects€such€a€child€so€as€to€adversely€affectÐ ° Ðthe€childððs€health€and€welfare€.€.€.€.ðð€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€Ô_Ôð§ ðÔ_Ô€39„16„401(a)€(2003).Ô#†X5XXXÞé²#ÔÐ ™é ÐÓ ³ÓÔ‡X5XXX5ÔÌÓ  Óà  àÔ#†X5XXX5¸#ÔWe€conclude€that€the€evidence,€viewed€in€the€light€most€favorable€to€the€State,€is€sufficientÐ k» Ðto€support€the€Defendantððs€conviction.€Ô‡X5XXX5Ô€The€evidence€at€trial€showed€that€the€Defendant€was€Ô_ÔJ.W.Ô_ÔððsÐ T¤ Ðprimary€caretaker.€Ms.€Wright€testified€that€the€Defendant€took€care€of€J.W.€on€the€day€the€childððsÐ =  Ðinjuries€occurred.€€According€to€Dr.€Smith,€the€injuries€to€the€child€occurred€shortly€after€J.W.€hadÐ & v Ðeaten.€€Although€the€exact€time€that€the€injuries€were€inflicted€could€not€be€determined,€Dr.€SmithððsÐ  _ Ðtestimony€shows€that€the€injuries€occurred€when€only€the€Defendant€and€K.W.€were€present.€Ð ø H ÐÔ#†X5XXX5¹#ÔÔ‡X5XXX5ÔFurther,€Dr.€Smithððs€testimony€shows€that€this€type€of€injury€was€most€likely€caused€by€an€adult€andÐ á 1  Ðwould€require€ð ðsevere€.€.€.€massive€forceðð€to€cause€a€ruptured€stomach.€Dr.€Smith€testified€that€it€wasÐ Ê   Ðunlikely€that€this€injury€would€be€caused€by€another€child,€and,€therefore,€it€is€highly€improbable€thatÐ ³  ÐK.W.,€who€was€about€one„year„old,€would€be€capable€of€causing€such€injury.€€Ô#†X5XXX5›»#ÔAccordingly,Ð œì  Ðconsidering€this€evidence€in€the€light€most€favorable€to€the€State,€we€conclude€that€it€is€sufficientÐ …Õ  Ðto€sustain€the€Defendantððs€conviction€for€felony€murderÔ‡X5XXX5Ô.€€This€issue€is€without€merit.Ð n¾  ÐÓ.¸ÓÌÓ  Óò òB.€€Right€to€Fair€Trialó óÔ#†X5XXX5y¾#ÔÔ‡X5XXX5ÔÐ @ ÐÌÓ  ÓÓ  Óà  àThe€Defendant€contends€that€he€was€denied€the€right€to€a€fair€trial.€€Specifically,€he€assertsÐ c Ðthat€he€was€denied€this€right€because€the€Stateððs€expert€witness€did€not€disclose€to€the€jury€that€theÐ üL Ðwitness€was€himself€the€subject€of€a€federal€criminal€investigation.€€Ð å5 ÐÌà  àEvery€criminal€defendant€is€guaranteed€the€right€to€a€fair€trial€under€the€Due€Process€ClauseÐ · Ðof€the€Fourteenth€Amendment€to€the€United€States€Constitution€and€the€ð ðLaw€of€the€Landðð€ClauseÐ  ð Ðof€Article€I,€section€8€of€the€Tennessee€Constitution.€€òòJohnson€v.€Stateóó,€38€S.W.3d€52,€55€(Tenn.Ð ‰Ù Ð2001).€€ð ðTo€facilitate€this€right,€a€defendant€has€a€constitutionally€protected€privilege€to€request€andÐ r Ðobtain€from€the€prosecution€evidence€that€is€either€material€to€guilt€or€relevant€to€punishment.ðð€€òòStateÐ [« Ðv.€Fergusonóó,€2€S.W.3d€912,€915€(Tenn.€1999).€€This€fundamental€principle€of€law€is€derived€fromÐ D” Ðthe€landmark€United€States€Supreme€Court€case,€òòBrady€v.€Marylandóó,€373€U.S.€83€(1963),€in€whichÐ -} Ðthe€Court€held€that€ð ðsuppression€by€the€prosecution€of€evidence€favorable€to€an€accused€upon€requestÐ f Ðviolates€due€process€where€the€evidence€is€material€either€to€guilt€or€to€punishment,€irrespective€ofÐ ÿO Ðthe€good€faith€or€bad€faith€of€the€prosecution.ðð€€òòId.óó€at€87.€€The€United€States€Supreme€Court€has€alsoÐ è 8 Ðheld€that€the€prosecution€must€disclose€evidence€which€could€be€used€by€an€accused€to€impeach€aÐ Ñ!!  Ðwitness.€òòSeeóó€òòÔ_ÔGiglioÔ_Ô€v.€United€Statesóó,€405€U.S.€150€(1972);€òòsee€alsoóó€òòState€v.€Ô_ÔTerrellÔ_Ô€Thomasóó,€2004Ð º" ! ÐWL€2544682€(Tenn.€Ô_ÔCrimÔ_Ô.€App.,€at€Knoxville,€Nov.€10,€2004).€Our€Supreme€Court€has€said,Ð £#ó" Ðð ðEvidence€ððfavorable€to€an€accusedðð€includes€evidence€deemed€to€be€exculpatory€in€nature€andÐ Œ$Ü# Ðevidence€that€could€be€used€to€impeach€the€stateððs€witnesses.ðð€€òòJohnsonóó,€38€S.W.3d€at€55„56€(citingÐ u%Å $ ÐòòState€v.€Walkeróó,€910€S.W.2d€381,€389€(Tenn.€1995);€òòState€v.€Copelandóó,€983€S.W.2d€703,€706€(Tenn.Ð ^&®!% ÐÔ_ÔCrimÔ_Ô.€App.€1998)).€€Tennessee€has€adopted€a€four„prong€test,€and€in€order€to€establish€a€due€processÐ G'—"& Ðviolation€under€òòBrady€v.€Marylandóó,€a€defendant€must€establish€the€following:Ð 0(€#' ÐÌà8  à(1)€The€defendant€must€have€requested€the€information€(unless€the€evidence€isÐ *R%) Ðobviously€exculpatory,€in€which€case€the€State€is€bound€to€release€the€informationÐ ë*;&* Ðwhether€requested€or€not);€ÐÔ+$'+Ð Ð  Ðà  à(2)€The€State€must€have€suppressed€the€information;Ð ° Ðà8  à(3)€The€information€must€have€been€favorable€to€the€accused;€andЙéÐ Ð  Ðà8  à(4)€The€information€must€have€been€material.ЂÒÐ Ð  ÐÌòòState€v.€Ô_ÔEdginÔ_Ôóó,€902€S.W.2d€387,€390€(Tenn.€1995);€òòsee€alsoóó€òòState€v.€Breweróó,€932€S.W.2d€1,€26Ð T¤ Ð(Tenn.€Ô_ÔCrimÔ_Ô.€App.€1996).€€Ð =  Ðà  àÌà  àIn€the€case€under€submission,€the€Defendant€has€failed€to€meet€this€standard.€€First,€there€isÐ  _ Ðno€evidence€in€the€record€before€us€that€shows€that€Dr.€Smith€was€the€subject€of€a€federal€criminalÐ ø H Ðinvestigation€at€the€time€of€trial.€€Second,€there€is€no€evidence€that€the€State€knew€of€any€federalÐ á 1  Ðcriminal€investigation€regarding€Dr.€Smith€and,€therefore,€there€is€no€proof€that€the€State€suppressedÐ Ê   Ðany€information€concerning€such€an€investigation.€€Third,€the€information€regarding€Dr.€SmithððsÐ ³  Ðinvestigation€that€is€included€in€the€Defendantððs€reply€brief,€even€if€it€had€been€presented€asÐ œì  Ðevidence€to€the€trial€court,€is€not€material.€€In€òòÔ_ÔEdginÔ_Ôóó,€the€Tennessee€Supreme€Court€reviewedÐ …Õ  Ðwhetheròòóó€information€is€material€stating€ð ðthere€is€constitutional€error€ððif€there€is€a€reasonableÐ n¾  Ðprobability€that,€had€the€evidence€been€disclosed€to€the€defense,€the€result€of€the€proceeding€wouldÐ W§  Ðbe€different.ðððð€òòId.óó€(citations€omittedòòóó).€€Further,€ð ð[Ô_Ôt]heÔ_Ô€question€is€not€whether€the€defendant€wouldÐ @ Ðmore€likely€than€not€have€received€a€different€verdict€with€the€evidence,€but€whether€in€its€absenceÐ )y Ðhe€received€a€fair€trial,€understood€as€a€trial€resulting€in€a€verdict€worthy€of€confidence.ðð€òòÔ_ÔEdginÔ_Ôóó,€902Ð b ÐS.W.2d€at€390€(citations€omittedòòóó).€€Therefore,€since€there€is€no€evidence€that€the€State€was€awareÐ ûK Ðof€this€information,€and€since€the€information€was€not€material,€the€Defendant€cannot€prevail€on€hisÐ ä4 Ðclaim€that€he€was€denied€a€fair€trial€on€these€grounds.Ð Í ÐÌà  àFinally,€the€Defendant€contends€that€he€is€entitled€to€a€new€trial€based€on,€essentially,€newlyÐ Ÿï Ðdiscovered€evidence€because€the€Stateððs€expert€witness,€Dr.€O.C.€Smith,€was€indicted€on€FebruaryÐ ˆØ Ð10,€2004,€approximately€two€months€after€his€motion€for€new€trial€was€denied.€€Ô#†X5XXX5)¿#ÔÔ‡X5XXX5ÔNewly€discoveredÐ qÁ Ðimpeachment€evidence€generally€will€not€be€grounds€for€a€new€trial.€€ð ðThe€decision€to€grant€or€denyÐ Zª Ða€new€trial€on€the€basis€of€ððnewly€discoveredðð€evidence€rests€within€the€sound€discretion€of€the€trialÐ C“ Ðcourt.ðð€òòState€v.€Arnoldóó,€719€S.W.2d€543,€550€(Tenn.€Ô_ÔCrimÔ_Ô.€App.€1986)òòóó.€€With€respect€to€theÐ ,| ÐDefendantððs€claim€that€the€court€below€erred€in€denying€his€motion€for€new€trial,€our€standard€ofÐ e Ðreview€is€abuse€of€discretion.€òòóó€òòState€v.€Meadeóó,€942€S.W.2d€561,€565€(Tenn.€Ô_ÔCrimÔ_Ô.€App.€1996).Ð þN ÐÌà  àIn€seeking€a€new€trial€based€on€newly€discovered€evidence,€a€defendant€must€establish€threeÐ Ð!   Ðelements:€(1)€that€he€or€she€used€ð ðreasonable€diligenceðð€in€attempting€to€discover€the€evidence;€(2)Ð ¹" ! Ðthe€evidence€is€material;€and€(3)€the€evidence€would€have€likely€changed€the€result€of€the€trial.€€òòStateÐ ¢#ò" Ðv.€Ô_ÔTerrellÔ_Ô€Thomasóó,€No.€E2003„02658„CCA„R3„CD,€2004€WL€2544682,€at€*7€(Tenn.€Ô_ÔCrimÔ_Ô.€App.,Ð ‹$Û# Ðat€Knoxville,€Nov.€10,€2004)Ô#†X5XXX5Ö#ÔÔ‡X5XXX5Ô€(citing€òòState€v.€Ô_ÔGoswickÔ_Ôóó,€656€S.W.2d€355,€358„60€(Tenn.€1983))Ô#†X5XXX5fÛ#ÔÔ‡X5XXX5Ô;€òòseeÐ t%Ä $ Ðalsoóó€òòState€v.€Caldwellóó,€977€S.W.2d€110,€116€(Tenn.€Ô_ÔCrimÔ_Ô.€App.€1997)€.€€In€order€to€meet€ð ðreasonableÐ ]&­!% Ðdiligenceðð€a€defendant€must€demonstrate€that€neither€the€defendant€nor€defense€counsel€hadÐ F'–"& Ðknowledge€of€the€alleged€newly€discovered€evidence€prior€to€trial.€€òòCaldwellóó,€977€S.W.2d€at€117Ð /(#' Ð(citing€òòJones€v.€Stateóó,€452€S.W.2d€365,€367€(Tenn.€Ô_ÔCrimÔ_Ô.€App.€1970)).Ð )h$( ÐÌà  àIn€addition,€when€it€appears€that€the€newly€discovered€evidence€ð ðcan€have€no€other€effectÐ ê*:&* Ðother€than€to€ððdiscredit€the€testimony€of€a€witness€at€the€original€trial,€contradict€a€witnessðð€statementÐ Ó+#'+ Ðor€impeach€a€witness,ðððð€the€trial€court€generally€should€not€order€a€new€trial.€òòThomasóó,€2004€WLÐ ° Ð2544682€at€*7€Ô#†X5XXX5 Ü#ÔÔ‡X5XXX5Ô(quoting€òòState€v.€Rogersóó,€703€S.W.2d€166,€169€(Tenn.€Ô_ÔCrimÔ_Ô.€App.€1985));€òòsee€alsoóóÔ#†X5XXX5 à#ÔÔ‡X5XXX5ÔÐ ™é ÐòòCaldwellóó,€977€S.W.2d€at€117€.€€Only€if€the€ð ðimpeaching€evidence€is€so€crucial€to€the€defendantððsÐ ‚Ò Ðguilt€or€innocence€that€its€admission€will€probably€result€in€an€acquittalðð€should€a€new€trial€beÐ k» Ðordered.€€òòState€v.€Singletonóó,€853€S.W.2d€490,€496€(Tenn.€1993)€(citing€òòRogersóó,€703€S.W.2d€at€169).€Ð T¤ ÐÔ#†X5XXX5Ëà#ÔÔ‡X5XXX5ÔÌÌà  àIn€the€case€before€us,€the€trial€court€determined€that,€even€though€there€was€newspaperÐ  _ Ðspeculation€regarding€Dr.€Smith,€there€was€not€ð ðany€proof€that€was€sworn€to€before€this€Court€thatÐ ø H Ðthereððs€anything€wrong€or€anything€improper€about€anything€that€Dr.€Smith€has€done€.€.€.€thereððsÐ á 1  Ðcertainly€nothing€before€this€Court€that€there€was€anything€wrong€with€the€testimony.ðð€€Furthermore,Ð Ê   Ðthe€trial€court€concluded€that€ð ðthe€defense€.€.€.€Ô_Ôagree[dÔ_Ô]€.€.€.€[that€the€other€medical€examinerððs]Ð ³  Ðtestimony€.€.€.would€be€consistent€with€what€Dr.€Smith€testified€to€begin€with.ðð€€Because€we€find€noÐ œì  Ðabuse€of€discretion€on€the€part€of€the€trial€court,€this€issue€is€without€merit.€Ð …Õ  ÐÓj¿ÓÔ#†X5XXX5 â#ÔÔ‡X5XXX5ÔÌÔ#†X5XXX5^æ#Ôò òà@NN"ìàIII.€€ConclusionˆÐ W§  ÐÌó óà  àIn€accordance€with€the€foregoing€authorities€and€reasoning,€we€affirm€the€trial€courtððsÐ +{ Ðjudgment.Ð d ÐÌÔ‡X5XXX5ÔÌà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àÔ#†X5XXX5zç#ÔÔ‡XÞXXX5ÔÌà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à___________________________________€Ð ¸ Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àROBERT€W.€Ô_ÔWEDEMEYERÔ_Ô,€JUDGEÔ#†X5XXXÞè#ÔÔ‡X5XXX5Ô€Ô#†X5XXX5oé#Ôò òó óòò