ÿWPCJ …# VUNa %¯ 0(µw@Ý4 1 @ 0JH 0T’ 0^æ 0hD 0r¬ 0| 0†š 0 1u° 0d% U>‰ U*Ç B)ñ DCb] AMe B²Ïv~ávÓ_ D32 0@e AO¥Æô 0Dº D/þ B-˜HP LaserJet 4SiHPPCL5MS,ü,,,,,ü0nLhÎ(ÈhH  Z ‹6Times New Roman RegularX($¡¡ [!"H#V$pe%&'E()Ó€Ô¡¨ "#$%&'3|x22 ÿÿ0Indent1Ô2ÔÔ3  Ô2" ÿÿ0Indent2à0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2, ÿÿ0Indent3à0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô26 ÿÿ0Indent4à0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2@ ÿÿ0Indent5à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2J ÿÿ0Indent6à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2T ÿÿ0Indent7à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2^ ÿÿ0Indent8à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô ÿÿ?AGMSYaioIndent0I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)P ÿÿ8Mac DefaultMac DefaultÓ ` °šXÓ< Œ 9p`(&Times New Roman< Œ 9p`(Arial% Line 7 d!!!!7Border 1dd- ù-€-"Cþÿ << Gÿÿ d Ý ƒ!ÝÑ  ÑÑ#€d#ÑÔ€ÔÝ  ÝÔ€ ÔÔ€ ÔÓ  Óò òÔ YYY ÔFILEDÔ€ XÔÌÌSeptember€30,€1997ÌÌCecil€W.€CrowsonÌAppellate€Court€ClerkÔ  Ôó óPtPtHHÚ(ÿáÿâùFG(üHHÚ(d'hStyl{WP}01•ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà Ãà Ãà Ãà Ãà ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÐ ÐÐHHÐÐ  ÐÐ2ÐÐÿÿ¸æ$ÿÐÐHHÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ  ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÑÑÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÑ € ÑÑ<Px–ÈÑÒÒÒ443!#4ÒÒ$ *$ÒÒ$*$ÒÒ ÿKK ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÓ.,ÓÓÓÓ6ÓÓ ÓßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÒ  h HD: Geneva ÒÒ  h HD: Geneva Ò%%%%'ÿÿdxd("ÿÿ$££Ò  ÒÒ  Ò€-‚ƒCþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó„„'÷ÿ dxdüÿP PdÝ ƒ!ÝÔ . ÔÔ€ÔÝ  Ý›Ñ ` ÑÒ  ÒÒ ° ÒÒ  ÒÒ „ ÒÑ\R AØ'\ÑÔ€ŠÔÔ€ ÔÑ\R AØ'\ÑÑ€#ÑÑ7€¥mXXdìdÈ7ÑÑ  ÑÑ  ÑÓ  Óò òœÙ€€ÙßR€$&"A1-j|` ç `€€@ÿRß›Þ ÞÌà0 à€IN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEÌÌAT€NASHVILLEÌÌJUNE€SESSION,€1997ÌÌÌÌÓ  ÓÓ` °†XDp”XÓSTATE€OF€TENNESSEE,€à à)à àC.C.A.€NO.€01C01„9607„CC„00323Ìà àà àà àà àà à)à àó óÌà àAppellee,à àà àà àò ò)à àÌà àà àà àà àà à)à àDICKSON€COUNTYÌà àà àà àà àà à)à àÌV.à àà àà àà àà à)à àÌà àà àà àà àà à)à àHON.€LEONARD€MARTIN,€JUDGE€ÌMARTHA€L.€PENNINGTON,€à à)à àó óÌà àà àà àà àà àò ò)à àó óÌà àAppellant.à àà àà àò ò)à à(DUI€CERTIFIED€QUESTION€OFÏLAW)ÌÓ ` °œXÓó óÌÌÓ  ÓÌòòÓ  ÓFOR€THE€APPELLANTóó:à àà àà àòòFOR€THE€APPELLEEóó:ÌÌò òMICHAEL€J.€FLANAGANà àà àJOHN€KNOX€WALKUP€Ìó óAttorney€at€Law€à àà àà àà àAttorney€General€&€ReporterÌ95€White€Bridge€Road€#208ÌNashville,€TN€37205à à€à àà àò òDARYL€J.€BRANDó óÌà àà àà àà àà àà àAssistant€Attorney€GeneralÌà àà àà àà àà àà à425€Fifth€Avenue€North€Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à2nd€Floor,€Cordell€Hull€BuildingÌà àà àà àà àà àà àNashville,€TN€€37243ÌÌà àà àà àà àà àà àò òDAN€M.€ALSOBROOKSÌà àà àà àà àà àà àó óDistrict€Attorney€GeneralÌÌà àà àà àà àà àà àò òROBERT€S.€WILSONó óÌà àà àà àà àà àà àAssistant€District€Attorney€GeneralÌà àà àà àà àà àà àP.O.€Box€580€Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àCharlotte,€TN€37036€ÌÌÌÌOPINION€FILED€________________________ÌÌAFFIRMED€ÌÌTHOMAS€T.€WOODALL,€JUDGEò ò€Ìó óÇò òòòÓ  ÓÔ€ °ÔOPINIONóóó óÔ€ ŠÔÌÌÌÌÓÓÓ  Óà àà àThe€Defendant,€Martha€L.€Pennington,€entered€a€guilty€plea€to€theÏoffense€of€driving€under€the€influence€of€an€intoxicant€(DUI)€in€the€Circuit€Court€ofÏDickson€County.€€The€Defendant€received€a€sentence€of€eleven€(11)€monthsÏand€twenty„nine€(29)€days,€with€all€but€forty„eight€(48)€hours€of€the€sentenceÏsuspended.€€She€was€fined€$350.00€and€ordered€to€pay€court€costs.€€With€theÏconsent€of€the€State€and€the€trial€court,€Defendant€explicitly€reserved€a€certifiedÏquestion€of€law€dispositive€of€the€case€pursuant€to€Tennessee€Rules€of€CriminalÏProcedure€37(b)(2)(i).€€The€certified€question€of€law€in€this€appeal€is:€€ð ðWhetherÏor€not€the€detention€of€the€defendant,€in€this€case,€under€the€policy€of€theÏDickson€County€Sheriffððs€Department,€constitutes€punishment€so€as€to€precludeÏfurther€prosecution€on€double€jeopardy€grounds€or€violates€the€defendantððs€dueÏprocess€rights.ðð€€After€a€thorough€review€of€the€record,€we€affirm€the€judgment€ofÏthe€trial€court.ÌÌà àà àCounsel€for€Defendant€also€represented€another€client€in€anÏunrelated€case,€with€the€identical€issue€presented€as€a€certified€question€of€lawÏin€this€court.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€James€E.€Irwinóó,€No.€01C01„9603„CC„00096,€DicksonÏCounty,€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,€Nashville,€March€27,€1997)€(Rule€11€application€filedÍMay€19,€1997).€€Both€cases€arose€as€a€result€of€a€policy€decision€of€theÏDickson€County€Sheriffððs€Department€regarding€post„arrest€detention€in€all€DUIÏcases€for€a€minimum€period€of€time€before€allowing€release€on€bail.€€TestimonyÏof€Dickson€County€Sheriff€Tom€Wall€in€the€òòIrwinóó€case€was€made€an€exhibit€byÏstipulation€of€the€parties€in€the€case€òòsubóó€òòjudiceóó.€€Also,€a€transcript€of€the€entireÏsuppression€hearing€in€the€òòIrwinóó€case,€including€the€findings€of€fact€andÏconclusions€of€law€in€the€trial€court€in€that€case€was€made€an€exhibit€inÏDefendant€Penningtonððs€case.€€Furthermore,€the€parties€stipulated€in€the€presentÏcase€that€the€same€policy€of€post„arrest€detention€was€in€effect€in€DefendantÏPenningtonððs€case€as€was€in€effect€at€the€time€of€the€defendantððs€arrest€in€òòIrwinóó.€ÏThe€same€trial€court€judge€heard€both€cases.€€Only€the€Defendant€testifiedÏduring€the€suppression€hearing.€€The€affidavit€of€complaint€which€led€to€theÏissuance€of€the€arrest€warrant€for€Defendant€and€the€written€results€of€theÏIntoximeter€3000€test€given€to€Defendant€following€her€arrest€were€admitted€intoÏevidence€by€stipulation.ÌÌà@ àFACTSÌÌà àà àIn€the€early€evening€hours€of€September€30,€1995,€Officer€Andre€OrrÏof€the€Dickson€Police€Department€saw€a€pickup€truck€driven€by€DefendantÏswerve€on€Highway€47€in€Dickson.€€Orr€turned€his€patrol€car€around€and€beganÍfollowing€the€truck,€observing€it€weaving€from€the€left€to€the€right€side€of€the€road.€ÏHe€stopped€the€vehicle€and€observed€ð ða€strong€odor€of€alcoholðð€upon€theÏDefendant.€€She€admitted€to€drinking€one€beer.€€While€the€affidavit€of€complaintÏstates€that€Defendant€was€given€three€(3)€field€sobriety€tests,€it€does€notÏprovide€the€results€of€those€tests.€€However,€the€next€sentence€in€the€affidavitÏstates€that€the€officer€placed€the€Defendant€under€arrest€for€DUI.€€At€6:40€p.m.ÏDefendant€registered€a€0.13€on€the€Intoximeter€3000€test.ÌÌà àà àFollowing€her€arrest,€Defendant€was€first€taken€by€Officer€Orr€to€theÏDickson€Police€Department.€€There€Defendant€made€a€phone€call€to€Joe€Fizer,€aÏbail€bondsman.€€She€made€arrangements€for€Mr.€Fizer€to€make€her€bond€andÏpick€her€up€at€the€Dickson€County€Jail€in€Charlotte.€€Defendant€was€thenÏtransported€from€the€Dickson€Police€Department€to€the€jail,€arriving€at€8:00€p.m.ÏMr.€Fizer€was€waiting€at€the€jail€when€she€arrived.€€However,€Defendant€wasÏnot€permitted€to€be€released€until€2:00€a.m.€the€following€morning€when€Mr.€FizerÏtook€Defendant€to€meet€her€boyfriend,€who€in€turn€took€Defendant€to€her€home.€€Ìà àà àAt€the€time€of€Defendantððs€arrest,€the€Dickson€County€SheriffððsÏDepartment€had€a€policy€of€holding€a€defendant€who€had€been€arrested€for€DUIÏa€minimum€of€six€(6)€hours€before€allowing€the€defendant€to€be€released€on€bail.€ÏDepending€upon€the€defendantððs€level€of€intoxication,€he€or€she€might€be€heldÏlonger€than€the€minimum€six€(6)€hour€period.€€In€the€words€of€Sheriff€Wall,€ð ð[t]hoseÍwere€minimum€times.€€In€other€words,€after€six€hours,€on€a€DUI,€if€the€jailor€felt€likeÏthey€were€not€misbehaving,€they€could€get€them€booked€in€and€they€could€makeÏbond€and€leave.ðð€€Sheriff€Wall€further€elaborated€that€public€safety€was€theÏð ðnumber€oneðð€issue€which€led€to€the€policy.€€Also,€the€difficulty€of€having€anÏintoxicated€defendant€fingerprinted€and€ð ðbookedðð€was€a€concern€leading€to€theÏpolicy.€€Sheriff€Wall€later€testified€during€cross„examination€by€the€State€that€theÏprimary€reason€for€the€policy€was€to€keep€the€defendants€from€being€released€inÏan€intoxicated€condition€where€defendants€in€DUI€cases€might€harm€themselvesÏor€third€persons.€€ÌÌà àà àDefendant€testified€that€in€her€opinion€she€was€not€under€theÏinfluence€of€alcohol€while€she€was€being€incarcerated€on€the€night€of€her€arrest.€ÏThere€is€no€proof€that€Defendant€was€unruly,€abusive,€or€uncooperative€from€theÏtime€of€her€arrest€until€she€was€released€on€bail.€€The€only€proof€of€her€conditionÏregarding€intoxication€was€the€0.13€intoximeter€reading€at€6:40€p.m.ÌÌà@ àDOUBLE€JEOPARDYÌÌà àà àOn€appeal,€Defendant€argues€that€both€the€Tennessee€andÏUnited€States€Constitutions€protect€a€person€from€multiple€punishments€for€theÏsame€offense.€€Specifically,€in€òòWhitwell€v.€Stateóó,€our€supreme€court€stated,€ð ðtheÍTennessee€and€United€States€constitutional€provisions€against€double€jeopardyÏprotect€an€accused€from€the€peril€of€òòboth€a€second€punishmentóó€and€a€secondÏtrial€for€the€same€offense.ðð€€520€S.W.2d€338,€341€(Tenn.€1975)€(emphasisÏsupplied).€€ÌÌà àà àHowever,€the€recent€case€of€òòState€v.€Jefferson€C.€Penningtonóó,Ï____€S.W.2d€____,€No.€01„S„01„9607„PB„00133,€Davidson€County€(Tenn.,€atÏNashville,€Sept.€8,€1997),€addressed€a€factual€situation€similar€to€the€case€òòsubóóÏòòjudiceóó.€€In€òòJefferson€Penningtonóó,€the€defendant€was€arrested€for€DUI€inÏDavidson€County.€€Pursuant€to€a€policy€of€the€Davidson€County€generalÏsessions€judges€and€judicial€commissioners,€Defendant€was€held€in€custody€forÏapproximately€eleven€(11)€hours€prior€to€being€allowed€to€make€bail€becauseÏhe€had€refused€to€submit€to€a€breath„alcohol€test.€€Upon€motion€of€defendant,Ïthe€trial€court€dismissed€the€indictment.€€Our€court€affirmed€the€judgment€of€the€trialÏcourt€in€an€opinion€where€one€judge€concurred€in€results€only€and€another€judgeÏdissented.€€The€lead€opinion€in€our€court€concluded€that€further€prosecution€wouldÏviolate€double€jeopardy€principles.€€The€supreme€court€reversed,€and€inÏaddressing€the€double€jeopardy€issue€stated€as€follows:ÌÓÓÌà8 àà àIn€context,€double€jeopardy€violations€arise€òòonlyóó€when€anÏindividual€is€twice€placed€in€jeopardy€for€the€same€offense.€ÏCustomarily,€in€jury€proceedings,€jeopardy€attaches€when€the€juryÍis€sworn,€and€in€nonjury€proceedings,€jeopardy€attaches€when€theÏfirst€witness€testifies€[citations€omitted]€.€.€.€.ÌÌà8 àà àIt€is€well€established€that€jeopardy€does€not€attach€inÏpreliminary€pretrial€proceedings.€€òòSeeóó€òòUnited€States€ex€rel.€Rutz€v.ÏLevyóó,€268€U.S.€390,€45€S.€Ct.€516,€69€L.€Ed.€1010€(1925);€òòCollinsÏv.€Loiselóó,€262€U.S.€426,€43€S.€Ct.€618,€67€L.€Ed.€1062€(1923).€ÏRather,€to€be€put€in€jeopardy,€the€defendant€must€be€ð ðsubject€toÏððcriminal€prosecutionðð€and€put€to€trial.ðð€€òòUnited€States€v.€Grisantióó,€4ÏF.3d.€173,€175€(2nd€Cir.€1993).€€The€proceeding€must€beÏð ðessentially€criminalðð€and€constitute€an€action€ð ðintended€to€authorizeÏcriminal€punishment€to€vindicate€public€justice.ðð€€òòIdóó.€[citationsÏomitted].ÌÌÌòòJefferson€Penningtonóó,€No.€01„S„01„9607„PB„00133,€slip€op.€At€5.ÌÌÌÌÓÓà àà àA€stipulated€fact€in€òòJefferson€Penningtonóó€was€that€one€of€theÏpurposes€of€the€detention€policy€was€to€keep€those€who€are€suspected€ofÏbeing€intoxicated€drivers€off€the€road€for€a€period€of€time€following€arrest.€€TheÏsupreme€court€concluded€this€was€a€remedial€purpose,€not€punitive,€and€thusÏthe€defendantððs€initial€appearance€before€the€judicial€commissioner€was€not€anÏð ðessentially€criminal€proceedingðð€brought€to€ð ðvindicate€public€justice.ðð€€òòIdóó.€at€6.€€ÌÌà àà àBased€upon€Sheriff€Wallððs€testimony€regarding€the€purposes€of€theÏdetention,€and€in€light€of€the€decision€in€òòState€v.€Jefferson€Penningtonóó,€weÏconclude€that€€the€purpose€of€the€detention€under€the€facts€of€this€case€wasÏremedial,€not€punitive,€and€did€not€constitute€an€essentially€criminal€proceeding.€ÍAs€a€result,€the€detention€did€not€violate€any€double€jeopardy€protectionsÏafforded€Defendant.ÌÌà@ àDUE€PROCESSÌÌà àà àWhile€concluding€in€òòState€v.€Jefferson€Penningtonóó€that€there€wasÏno€violation€of€double€jeopardy€protections,€our€supreme€court€still€recognizedÏthat€a€policy€of€detaining€suspected€drunk€drivers€for€refusing€to€submit€to€a€testÏto€determine€blood„alcohol€content€may,€if€punitive,€implicate€certain€otherÏconstitutional€protections.€€Specifically,€the€court€stated,€ð ðTo€punish€an€individualÏwithout€a€prior€adjudication€of€guilt€is€a€violation€of€due€process.ðð€€òòJeffersonÏPenningtonóó,€No.€01„S„01„9607„PB„00133,€slip€op.€At€7€(citing€òòKennedy€v.ÏMendoza€Martinezóó,€372€U.S.€144,€186,€89€S.€Ct.€554,€576,€9€L.€Ed.2d€644Ï(1963)).ÌÌà àà àThe€court€also€held€that€pretrial€detention€that€is€remedial€rather€thanÏpunitive€is€permissible€as€long€as€the€arrestee€is€afforded€sufficient€proceduralÏdue€process.ÌÌà àà àIn€òòState€v.€Coolidgeóó,€915€S.W.2d€820€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1995),€ourÏcourt€quoted€from€òòDoe€v.€Norrisóó,€751€S.W.2d€834,€839€(Tenn.€1988),€a€caseÏinvolving€a€due€process€issue,€as€follows:ÌÓÓÌà8 àIn€determining€whether€the€confinement€involved€.€.€.€is€punishment€.Ï.€.€[c]ourts€must€decide€whether€the€confinement€is€imposed€for€theÏpurpose€of€punishment€€or€whether€it€is€an€incident€of€a€legitimateÏgovernmental€purpose.€€Where€.€.€.€no€showing€of€an€expressÏintent€to€punish€is€made€.€.€.€ð ðthat€determination€.€.€.€turn[s]€€onÏwhether€an€alternative€purpose€to€which€[the€restriction]€mayÏrationally€be€connected€is€assignable€for€it,€and€whether€it€appearsÏexcessive€in€relation€to€the€alternative€purpose€assigned.ððÌÌÌòòCoolidgeóó,€915€S.W.2d€at€823.ÓÓÌà àà àÌà àà àA€two„part€test€was€set€forth€in€òòCoolidgeóó€to€determine€whether€pre„trial€detention€qualified€as€punishment:€(1)€whether€the€detention€served€anÏalternative€purpose,€and€(2)€whether€detention€is€excessive€in€relation€to€theÏpurpose.€€915€S.W.2d€at€824.€€Detention€for€the€purpose€of€detoxification€mayÏqualify€as€a€legitimate€government€goal.€€òòIdóó.€at€823.€€The€period€of€six€(6)€hoursÏconfinement€in€jail€following€a€blood€alcohol€level€of€0.13€(even€though€the€resultÏwas€obtained€approximately€seven€(7)€hours€prior€to€her€release)€is€not€shownÏby€this€record€to€be€excessive€in€relation€to€the€stated€purpose.€€œUnder›€all€of€theÏcircumstances€of€this€case,€we€agree€with€the€trial€court€that€Defendantððs€caseÏdoes€not€justify€the€granting€of€her€motion€to€dismiss.ÌÌà àà àWe€affirm€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court.€ÌÇÌÓÓÓ  Óà àà àà àà àà à____________________________________Ìà àà àà àà àà àTHOMAS€T.€WOODALL,€Judge€ÌÌÌÌCONCUR:ÌÌÌÌ___________________________________ÌJOSEPH€B.€JONES,€Presiding€JudgeÌÌÌ___________________________________ÌWILLIAM€M.€BARKER,€Judge