ÿWPCZ Ö>1RC[€u ?êšýíü7^ŸlqÍIi:yâÊæ± ¥ µÝn,Œh‡;·_Ï;Sœ\pE¤õV§Ë®@»Eø“ºDÄgЦÝ!#ÿµÞùÁf®Tž]À*†6°°]04xFƒvè07as Ì‚gÝJ\ÇVçî Öž-Ò®Ž ³ªÓ ^<*íšYߪ/“ÑxÜëðYAsÁ“$7óe /àu¥;î.M$±r«Î9úAÿ²cY9¢(HÒ "v\£Ì ’î!eUÒüh oR1Iæ–o¢(¿NÜ8ª[6,<¼ËZ±êF$î{1„Ý@ú;_Fy~Ë]El§¼Úíޤl"NûZ5LÀ6ݽS¼@Þ¶oýSþ&-TlnÀÖñÑ-ªqbnð'üÌVsЧ·&h‡¾ñlµÈ 68·q"i&|ìkßX}”óO±,;ø“ð¡uøÑŸ«{o$‘ù¤S’zw‰Õ8¼sl~Ëd€‰EÁ—̈ÄXØ«­HGÜE˜ª,œô‘ÆàZ’¾n~(6 ­ã?- &x§ 4Û)Uj,‹[v†åù‹Ú Ÿöp½³‹åܲÛ^ÛMµÆM›þ¾Dm’b %\^ b 0ˆnUNöwD4H\ zkÒå· m¹ #ÁÐ U@‘ ÆÑ Æ— Æ] Æ#éNÿE  0D                       bOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO 0ëWWWW BBB 0¤_ D3 D-6 0Kcc AS®Æ 0¤Ç 0Dk A«¯»6«*+â (`£ª$¡¡Ñ€.ÑÑ8€½­»»d»»d8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  Ó(í€"  Z6Times New Roman RegularYo†)  3|x ˜C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wptÿU‹ÿÀÀÀ˜HP LaserJet 4050 Series PCL 6ÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈ0(ÖÃ9 Z‹(Times New Roman Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5‚Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5„Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5…Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5 Ñ ° Ñ (#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó- ù-(|G2õÝ$¤¤Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  ÚóóÔ€ô¨­ò»»Ô d(|3^$££Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝVVVV'ÿÿdxd)!ÈÈÈÈdxdx( ±þ$’’ò òFigure€Ú  Ú1Ú  Úó ó^_X`YEþÿ<<CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(|3^$¢¢Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó óX[Z&OLE 2.0 Box <=8ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿCÿÿ HKKKKÝ ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€»»ddÈ8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÑ  ÑÔ€¼»»»ÔÑ8€L9XXdì»»d8ÑÑ  ÑÑ€OaÑà@HHìàIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEÔ‡îԈР° Ðà@õõ%ìàAT€JACKSONÔ#†¼»îîJ#ԈР ÐÓ  ÓAssigned€on€Briefs€August€7,€2001Ð è8 ÐÔ‡XL9X»¼ÔÌò òÔ#†¼»XXL9#ÔSTATE€OF€TENNESSEE€òòóóv.€EDDIE€HOWARD€Ô_ÔPITTMANÔ_ÔÔ‡XL9X»¼Ôó óÐ æ6 ÐÌò òDirect€ó óà@@½½ìàò òAppeal€from€the€Criminal€Court€for€Madison€CountyÐ æ 6 Ðà@@øøìàNo.€00„415€€€€€Roger€A.€Page,€JudgeÐ Ò " ÐÌà@@ìì*ìàßA€V) °°` d€÷E<© ` AßÐ ª ú  ÐÌà@@TTìàNo.€W2000„01582„CCA„R3„CD€„€Filed€September€7,€Ô_Ô2001Ô_ÔÐ ¥õ  ÐÌßA€V) °°` dE<|` AßÐ }Í  Ðó óÌÓ  ÓÌThe€defendant€appeals€his€convictions€for€attempted€second€degree€murder€and€felony€possessionÐ d´  Ðof€a€weapon,€arguing€that€he€was€denied€his€right€to€a€unanimous€jury€verdict€by€the€trial€courtððsÐ P  Ðfailure€to€require€the€prosecution€to€make€an€election€of€facts€supporting€the€attempted€murder.€€AfterÐ <Œ Ða€thorough€review€of€the€record,€we€conclude€that€neither€an€election€nor€enhanced€unanimityÐ (x Ðinstruction€was€required.€€Thus,€we€affirm€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court.€€ò òÐ d ÐÌÓ  ÓTenn.€R.€App.€P.€3€Appeal€as€of€Right;€Judgment€of€the€Criminal€Court€Affirmedó óÐ ì< ÐÌòòÔ#†¼»àXL9¬#ÔÔ‡XL9X.¼ÔÓ  ÓJoe€G.€Riley,óó€J.,€delivered€the€opinion€of€the€court,€in€which€òòDavid€G.€Hayesóó€and€òòAlan€E.€Glenn,Ð Ä ÐJJ.óó,€joined.Ð ° ÐÌGeorge€Morton€Ô_ÔGoogeÔ_Ô,€District€Public€Defender€(at€trial€and€on€appeal);€Michael€D.€Ô_ÔRasnakeÔ_Ô,Ð ˆØ ÐAssistant€District€Public€Defender€(at€trial€and€on€appeal);€and€C.€Michael€Robbins,€Memphis,Ð tÄ ÐTennessee€(on€appeal),€for€the€appellant,€Eddie€Howard€Ô_ÔPittmanÔ_Ô.€Ð `° ÐÌPaul€G.€Summers,€Attorney€General€and€Reporter;€Mark€E.€Davidson,€Assistant€Attorney€General;€Ð 8 ˆ ÐJames€G.€(Jerry)€Ô_ÔWoodallÔ_Ô,€District€Attorney€General;€and€James€W.€Thompson,€Assistant€DistrictÐ $!t  ÐAttorney€General,€for€the€appellee,€State€of€Tennessee.€€Ð "`! ÐÌÌò òà@66'ìàOPINIONˆÐ Ô$$ $ ÐÌà  àó óThe€stateððs€proof€at€trial€revealed€that€on€May€20,€1999,€Gregory€Luster€and€his€wife,€BeckyÐ ¬&ü!& ÐLuster,€returned€home€and€noticed€that€the€front€door€to€their€home€was€openÔ#†¼»XXL9»#ÔòòóóÔ€XL9X»¼Ô.€€Gregory€LusterÐ ˜'è"' Ðwalked€up€the€front€steps€and€saw€the€defendant€in€the€house.€€The€defendant,€who€was€the€formerÐ „(Ô#( Ðboyfriend€of€Becky€Luster,€walked€out€of€the€house€carrying€a€pistol€€and€said,€€ð ðMan,€what€are€youÐ p)À$) Ðdoing€marrying€my€woman?€You€know€thatððs€my€woman.ðð€€He€pointed€the€gun€at€Lusterððs€head€andÐ \*¬%* Ðpulled€the€trigger.€€The€weapon€made€a€noise,€but€did€not€fire.€Luster€ran€toward€the€defendant,€andÐ H+˜&+ Ðâ âthe€men€wrestled€for€the€gun.€€Then€Luster€broke€free€and€dove€through€the€front€door€of€his€homeÐ 4,„',ý ÐÔ_Ôas€the€defendant€fired€a€shot€through€the€door.€€The€bullet€missed€Luster,€striking€a€wall€inside€theÐ ° Ðhome.€€Ð œì Ðâ âÌà  àThe€defendant€denied€the€incident€occurred€and€testified€he€did€not€see€the€victim€on€that€day.Ð tÄ ÐÌà  àThe€defendant€argues€the€stateððs€proof€established€that€the€defendant€committed€two€separateÐ L œ Ðand€distinct€acts;€namely,€(1)€pointing€the€pistol€at€Luster€when€the€gun€misfired,€and€(2)€firing€theÐ 8 ˆ Ðweapon€through€the€door€as€Luster€entered€the€house.€€He€claims€each€act€could€form€the€basis€forÐ $ t Ðthe€juryððs€finding€of€guilt€as€to€attempted€second€degree€murder;€therefore,€the€trial€court€erred€in€notÐ  ` Ðrequiring€the€state€to€elect€which€act€it€was€relying€upon€in€seeking€a€conviction€for€attemptedÐ ü L  Ðmurder.€Ð è 8  ÐÌÌà@FF'ìàò òWAIVERó óˆÐ ¬ü  ÐÌÒe°Òà  àThe€record€before€this€court€does€not€specifically€reflect€that€the€defendant€moved€the€trialÐ „Ô  Ðcourt€for€such€an€election€at€trial;€thus,€the€state€contends€this€issue€is€waived.€€However,€the€trialÐ pÀ Ðcourt€stated€at€the€hearing€on€the€motion€for€new€trial€that€the€defendant€made€such€a€request€beforeÐ \¬ Ðthe€case€was€submitted€to€the€jury.€€Even€if€the€defendant€had€failed€to€request€an€election,€the€issueÐ H˜ Ðis€properly€before€this€court.€€It€is€the€responsibility€of€the€prosecution€and€the€trial€court€to€ensure€thatÐ 4„ Ðan€election€of€offenses€is€made€where€necessary,€and€failure€to€do€so€is€plain€error.€€€òòState€v.€Kendrickóó,Ð  p Ð38€S.W.3d€566,€569€(Tenn.€2001).€€Ð  \ ÐÌÌà@o o àò òELECTION€AND€ENHANCED€UNANIMITY€INSTRUCTIONó óˆÐ Ð  ÐÌà  àÔ‡ XL9XXXL9ÔThe€doctrine€of€election€requires€the€state€to€elect€a€set€of€facts€when€it€has€charged€aÐ ¨ø Ðdefendant€with€one€offense,€but€there€is€evidence€of€multiple€offenses.€€òòState€v.€Brownóó,€992€S.W.2dÐ ”ä Ð389,€391€(Tenn.€1999).€€This€doctrine€is€applied€to€ensure€that€the€defendant€can€prepare€for€theÐ €Ð Ðspecific€charge,€€to€protect€the€defendant€from€double€jeopardy,€and€to€ensure€that€some€jurors€do€notÐ l¼ Ðconvict€on€one€offense€and€other€jurors€on€another.€€òòState€v.€Sheltonóó,€851€S.W.2d€134,€137€(Tenn.Ð X ¨ Ð1993).€€Issues€of€jury€unanimity€usually€arise€where€the€state€presents€evidence€showing€more€thanÐ D!” Ðone€criminal€offense,€but€the€underlying€charging€instrument€lacks€specificity€as€to€the€offense€forÐ 0"€  Ðwhich€the€accused€is€being€tried.€€òòState€v.€Brownóó,€762€S.W.2d€135,€136„37€(Tenn.€1988).€€When€theÐ #l! Ðevidence€does€not€establish€that€multiple€offenses€were€committed,€the€need€for€election€never€arises.€Ð $X" ÐòòState€v.€Adamsóó,€24€S.W.3d€289,€294€(Tenn.€2000).€€Ð ô$D # ÐÌà  àThere€may€also€be€times€when€a€single€offense€is€charged,€but€there€is€evidence€of€differentÐ Ì&"% Ðacts€with€each€act€being€sufficient€to€support€a€conviction€for€the€charged€offense.€€Recently,€ourÐ ¸'#& Ðsupreme€court€has€ruled€that€there€is€no€requirement€for€an€election€nor€enhanced€unanimityÐ ¤(ô#' Ðinstruction€as€to€facts€supporting€a€particular€element€of€the€crime;€provided,€the€jury€agrees€that€theÐ )à$( Ðdefendant€is€guilty€of€the€crime€charged.€€òòState€v.€Johnsonóó,€___€S.W.3d€___,€___,€slip.€op.€at€6€(Tenn.Ð |*Ì%) Ðfiled€August€22,€2001,€at€Nashville);€òòsee€alsoóó€òòAdamsóó,€24€S.W.3d€at€297.€€Ð h+¸&* ЇÔ#†XL9XX XL9ã#ÔÌà@í í àò òMULTIPLE€OFFENSES€V.€SINGLE€OFFENSEó óˆÐ œì ÐÌà  àThe€key€issue€in€this€case€is€whether€the€proof€submitted€to€the€jury€established€more€than€oneÐ tÄ Ðcriminal€offense€or€act€such€that€either€the€state€was€required€to€make€an€election,€or€the€trial€courtÐ `° Ðwas€required€to€augment€the€general€unanimity€instruction.€Ð L œ ÐÌà  àIn€òòState€v.€Pelayoóó,€881€S.W.2d€7€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1994),€the€defendant€stabbed€the€victim,Ð $ t Ðthe€victim€fled,€and€the€defendant€stabbed€her€again.€òòóó€This€court€reasoned€that€the€victimððs€attemptÐ  ` Ðto€escape€did€not€divide€the€assaults€into€multiple€crimes.€€òòIdóó.€òòóóat€13.€€While€the€assaults€were€separatedÐ ü L  Ðby€time€and€place,€they€ð ðcoalesced€into€an€ððunmistakable€single€act.ðððð€òòId.óóòòóó€€Likewise,€in€the€instantÐ è 8  Ðcase,€the€misfiring€of€the€weapon€and€the€victimððs€momentary€escape€from€the€defendant€did€notÐ Ô$  Ðdivide€the€defendantððs€attempts€to€shoot€the€victim€into€separate€offenses.€€Rather,€the€misfire€and€theÐ À  Ðactual€shot€fired€at€the€victim€were€part€of€a€single€offense.€€Ð ¬ü  ÐÌà  àWe€conclude€this€case€is€controlled€by€the€recent€supreme€court€opinion€in€òòJohnsonóó,€òòsupraóó.€Ð „Ô  ÐIn€òòJohnsonóó€the€defendant€was€convicted€of€sexual€battery,€and€the€evidence€established€that€heÐ pÀ Ðunlawfully€touched€the€victim€both€on€her€breast€and€between€her€legs.€€The€court€found€only€oneÐ \¬ Ðoffense€was€committed;€there€was€no€need€for€an€election;€and€there€was€no€requirement€for€anÐ H˜ Ðenhanced€unanimity€instruction.€€òòJohnsonóó,€___€S.W.3d€at€___,€slip.€op.€at€8.€€In€its€opinion€the€courtÐ 4„ Ðcited€òòPelayoóó,€noting€that€a€defendant€in€an€assault€case€could€not€be€convicted€of€multiple€offensesÐ  p Ðfor€each€blow€struck€where€the€entire€assault€occurs€in€a€matter€of€minutes.€€òòId.óó€at€___,€slip€op.€at€7.€Ð  \ ÐÌà  àIn€the€case€at€bar,€the€misfire€and€the€subsequent€firing€of€the€weapon€occurred€withinÐ ä4 Ðmoments€of€each€other,€were€part€of€a€continuous€assault,€and€constituted€but€one€offense€ofÐ Ð  Ðattempted€murder.€€These€two€acts€related€to€the€element€of€the€offense€requiring€that€the€defendantÐ ¼  Ðact€with€the€intent€to€commit€murder.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„12„101(a).€€Thus,€no€election€norÐ ¨ø Ðenhanced€unanimity€instruction€was€required.€€Ð ”ä ÐÌà  àFor€these€reasons,€we€affirm€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court.€€ò òÐ l¼ Ðó óÌà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à___________________________________€Ð D!” Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àJOE€G.€RILEY,€JUDGE