ÿWPCÄ ¦›í¾ÿ¥¦â þ‚zk‡aß)w RMÒפ=k‘ÿþú?aÕ­âþ"Á §Íž ªÝN"(¨ÛÙt¨^OÜ<é6¿—Lž™1r{èkãòûŸ5ÝG¢VÕ€ë“m[Nœ^-ö{0 MZéîºÖœò±¶UÈC.øÑÒm’i/úäb#É\ %% ^ + 0ˆ7 U N¿ w 4 z% ÒŸ q € m‚ ‚ Æ™ Æ_ Æ%Æë 0D±Nõ÷÷EÿU NU@OOO(b···································· 0ë¿¿¿¿ Bªª 0¤Ç D5k D-  0KÍÍ ASÆk 0¤1 0DÕ A«˜\\IB01S02\CLERKJACÈÈ,,,,ÈÈ0»ïz—/Ï (`£ª$¡¡Ñ€.ÑÑ8€½­»»d»»d8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  Ó(í€"  Z6Times New Roman Regular ~‰/ê:i¢×+00 ˜C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wpt3|x ÿU‹ÿÀÀÀLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5‚Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5„Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5…Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó (ÖÃ9 Z‹6Times New Roman Regular(ÖÃ9 Z‹(Times New Roman - ù-(|G2¶2$¤¤Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€Ù»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  ÚóóÔ€ôtò»»Ô d(|3ÿ$££Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€Ù»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝVVVV)ÿÿ!dxdx)!ÈÈÈÈdxdx( ±þ$’’ò òFigure€Ú  Ú1Ú  Úó ó^_X`YEþÿ<<CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(|3ÿ$¢¢Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€Ù»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó óX[Z&OLE 2.0 Box <=8ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿCÿÿ HKKKKÝ ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€Ù»»ddÈ8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÑ  ÑÔ€¼Ù»»»ÔÑ8€ĽXXdê»»d8ÑÑ  ÑÔ€¼÷Ì»»¼ÙÔà@hhìàÔ‡îfA÷ÌÔIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEˆÐ ° Ðà@òò%ìàAT€JACKSONÔ#†¼÷Ì»îîfA+#ÔˆÐ Ï ÐÓ  ÓAssigned€on€Briefs€November€4,€2003Ð î> ÐÔ‡X?VX»¼÷ÌÔÌò òÔ#†¼÷Ì»XX?V&#ÔMICHAEL€Ô_ÔPITTMANòòóó€v.€STATE€OF€TENNESSEEÔ‡X?VX»¼÷ÌÔó óÐ à0 ÐÌà@@½½ìàò òDirect€Appeal€from€the€Criminal€Court€for€Shelby€CountyÐ Ò " Ðà@@øøìàNo.€P„26210€€€€€€James€C.€Beasley,€Jr.,€JudgeÐ ¸  ÐÌÌà@@ìì*ìàßA€V) °°` d€÷E<i` AßÐ jº  ÐÌà@@TTìàNo.€W2002„02752„CCA„R3„PC€€„€Filed€December€19,€Ô_Ô2003Ô_ÔÐ _¯  ÐÌßA€V) °°` dE<*` AßÐ +{  Ðó óÌÓ  ÓÌThe€petitioner,€Michael€Pittman,€appeals€the€denial€of€his€post„conviction€relief€petition€after€hisÐ V Ðconviction€for€aggravated€robbery.€€On€appeal,€the€petitioner€contends€he€received€ineffectiveÐ ì< Ðassistance€of€counsel€at€trial.€€We€affirm€the€judgment€of€the€post„conviction€court.Ð Ò" ÐÓÕÓÌò òTenn.€R.€App.€P.€3€Appeal€as€of€Right;€Judgment€of€the€Criminal€Court€Affirmedó óÐ žî ÐÌòòÓ  ÓÔ#†¼÷Ì»àX?V§#ÔÔ‡X?VX.¼÷ÌÔJoe€G.€Riley,óó€J.,€delivered€the€opinion€of€the€court,€in€which€òòDavid€H.€Wellesóó€and€òòJohn€EverettÐ jº ÐWilliams,€JJ.óó,€joined.Ð P  ÐÌJoshua€B.€Spickler,€Memphis,€Tennessee,€for€the€appellant,€Michael€Pittman.Ð l ÐÌPaul€G.€Summers,€Attorney€General€and€Reporter;€Thomas€E.€Williams,€III,€Assistant€AttorneyÐ è8 ÐGeneral;€William€L.€Gibbons,€District€Attorney€General;€and€Paul€Hagerman,€Assistant€DistrictÐ Î ÐAttorney€General,€for€the€appellee,€State€of€Tennessee.Ð ´ ÐÓ¶ÓÌò òOPINIONó óÔ#†¼÷Ì»XX?Vå#ÔÔ‡X?VX»¼÷ÌÔÐ € Ð  ÐÌòòóóÔ#†¼÷Ì»XX?Vƒ #ÔÓ  ÓÔ€X?VX»¼÷ÌÔà  àIn€January€2000,€a€Shelby€County€jury€convicted€the€petitioner€of€aggravated€robbery,€andÐ L"œ" Ðthe€trial€court€sentenced€him€to€twenty€years€as€a€Range€II€multiple€offender.€€This€court€affirmed€Ð 2#‚# Ðhis€conviction€on€direct€appeal.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Michael€Pittmanóó,€No.€W2000„01027„CCA„R3„CD,Ð $h$ Ð2001€Tenn.€Crim.€App.€LEXIS€411,€at€**1„2€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€May€31,€2001,€at€Jackson).€€TheÐ þ$N % Ðpetitioner€subsequently€filed€a€petition€for€post„conviction€relief€alleging€he€received€ineffectiveÐ ä%4!& Ðassistance€of€counsel€at€trial.€€At€the€conclusion€of€the€hearing,€the€post„conviction€court€denied€theÐ Ê&"' Ðpetition.Ð °'#( ÐÌÓ  Óò òI.€€TRIAL€PROCEEDINGSó óÐ |)Ì$* ÐÌÓ  Óà  àThe€facts€presented€at€the€petitionerððs€trial€for€aggravated€robbery€were€as€follows:Ð H+˜&, ÐÌÔ#bbddÔà8  àà ` àAt€trial,€Corey€Miller€testified€that€around€1:30€or€2:00€a.m.€on€December€22,Ð -d(. Ð1998,€he€stopped€at€an€Amoco€gas€station€in€Memphis,€Tennessee€to€purchaseÐ ú-J)/ý ÐÔ#ddbbÔgasoline.€€He€went€to€the€clerkððs€window€to€pay€for€his€gasoline,€and€a€whiteÐ ° ÐChevrolet€pulled€up€to€the€pumps€near€his€car.€€Mr.€Miller€testified€that€the€driver€ofÐ –æ Ðthe€white€Chevrolet€got€out€of€the€car€and€asked€him€about€the€gold€rims€he€had€onÐ |Ì Ðhis€car.€€The€man€asserted€that€the€rims€on€Mr.€Millerððs€car€belonged€to€him,€but€Mr.Ð b² ÐMiller€told€the€man€that€he€had€ordered€the€rims€from€California.€€The€man€then€wentÐ H˜ Ðback€to€his€car€and€drove€around€to€the€other€side€of€the€gas€station.€€At€that€point,Ð . ~ Ðanother€man€got€out€of€the€white€Chevrolet,€walked€to€the€clerkððs€window,€and€toldÐ  d ÐMr.€Miller€that€the€rims€belonged€to€the€driver.€€That€man,€whom€Mr.€MillerÐ ú J Ðidentified€as€the€Defendant,€pulled€out€a€gun€and€demanded€Mr.€Millerððs€keys.€€Mr.Ð à 0 ÐMiller€testified€that€he€told€the€Defendant€that€the€car€was€already€running.€€Due€toÐ Æ   Ða€ð ðworn„downðð€key,€Mr.€Miller€was€able€to€leave€the€car€running€but€still€remove€theÐ ¬ ü  Ðkey€from€the€ignition€and€lock€the€door.€€The€Defendant€then€demanded€that€Mr.Ð ’â  ÐMiller€unlock€the€door,€which€Mr.€Miller€did.€€The€Defendant€drove€away€in€Mr.Ð xÈ  ÐMillerððs€car,€but€did€not€take€Mr.€Millerððs€keys.Ð^® Ð Ð  ÐÌà8  àà ` àWhen€the€police€arrived,€Mr.€Miller€gave€them€a€description€of€the€two€menÐ *z  Ðin€the€white€Chevrolet€and€the€gun€used€by€the€Defendant.€€He€described€the€gun€asÐ ` Ðð ða€steel€gray€9mm€Ruger€or€a€.45.ðð€€During€trial,€Mr.€Miller€identified€a€gun€as€beingÐ öF Ðsimilar€to€the€one€possessed€by€the€Defendant€that€night.€€Mr.€Miller€testified€thatÐ Ü, Ðafter€talking€to€the€police,€his€mother€came€to€pick€him€up€at€the€gas€station€with€Mr.Ð Â ÐMillerððs€girlfriend€and€his€girlfriendððs€sisterððs€boyfriend.€€They€started€drivingÐ ¨ø Ðaround€looking€for€signs€of€the€stolen€car.€€After€pulling€out€of€an€apartment€complexÐ ŽÞ Ðnearby,€Mr.€Miller€spotted€the€white€Chevrolet€in€which€the€Defendant€had€beenÐ tÄ Ðriding€before€he€took€Mr.€Millerððs€car.€€Mr.€Miller€said€that€he€called€ð ð911ðð€on€theÐ Zª Ðcellular€phone,€and€his€mother€started€following€the€car.€€The€police€arrived€andÐ @ Ðstopped€the€car,€and€the€Defendant€and€a€different€driver€emerged€from€the€car.€€Mr.Ð &v ÐMiller€identified€the€Defendant€on€the€scene€as€the€person€who€had€taken€his€car€atÐ  \ Ðgun„point,€but€he€could€not€identify€the€driver.€€Mr.€Miller€testified€that€his€tool€boxÐ òB Ðand€his€two€ð ðkick€boxesðð€were€located€in€the€white€Chevrolet.€€He€identified€picturesÐ Ø( Ðof€this€property,€which€had€been€taken€by€the€Defendant€when€the€Defendant€droveÐ ¾ Ðaway€in€his€car.ФôÐ Ð  ÐÌà8  àà ` àStacie€Tate,€the€clerk€who€was€working€at€the€Amoco€gas€station,€testifiedÐ p!À  Ðthat€she€had€known€Mr.€Miller€for€approximately€seventeen€years,€though€they€hadÐ V"¦! Ðnot€seen€each€other€in€a€long€time.€€She€said€that€she€was€talking€to€Mr.€Miller€whenÐ <#Œ" Ðshe€saw€a€man€get€out€of€a€white€car€on€the€other€side€of€the€building.€€As€Ms.€TateÐ "$r# Ðwas€helping€another€customer,€she€saw€the€man€approach€Mr.€Miller€and€start€talkingÐ %X $ Ðto€him€about€some€gold€rims.€€She€then€saw€the€man€pull€a€gun€on€Mr.€Miller,€put€theÐ î%>!% Ðgun€to€Mr.€Millerððs€side,€and€tell€Mr.€Miller€to€walk€to€the€car€because€he€wanted€theÐ Ô&$"& Ðkeys€to€the€car.€€The€man€drove€away€in€Mr.€Millerððs€car.€€She€said€that€the€man€hadÐ º' #' Ða€silver€gun€that€ð ðwas€the€type€of€gun€that€the€policemen€carry.ðð€€She€identified€a€gunÐ  (ð#( Ðat€trial€that€looked€like€the€gun€she€saw€that€night.€€Ms.€Tate€also€identified€theÐ †)Ö$) ÐDefendant€as€the€person€she€saw€pull€a€gun€on€Mr.€Miller€that€evening€and€driveÐ l*¼%* Ðaway€in€Mr.€Millerððs€car.€€She€further€testified€that€she€identified€a€picture€of€theÐ R+¢&+ ÐDefendant€as€the€person€there€that€night€when€she€was€shown€a€photographic€lineupÐ 8,ˆ', Ðby€an€investigator€with€the€district€attorneyððs€office.€€On€cross„examination,€Ms.€TateÐ ° Ðadmitted€that€she€had€been€told€by€someone€from€the€district€attorneyððs€office€whereÐ –æ Ðthe€Defendant€would€be€sitting€in€the€courtroom€and€that€she€only€looked€at€that€spotÐ |Ì Ðwhen€she€was€asked€whether€she€could€identify€the€man€she€saw€that€night;Ð b² Ðnotwithstanding,€she€asserted€that€her€in„court€identification€was€not€based€on€theÐ H˜ Ðinformation€she€received€about€where€the€Defendant€would€be€sitting.€€Ms.€TateÐ . ~ Ðclarified€that€she€had€asked€prior€to€trial€where€the€parties€would€be€sitting€becauseÐ  d Ðshe€was€not€familiar€with€courtrooms.Ðú JÐ Ð  ÐÌà8  àà ` àJoe€Owen,€a€Memphis€police€officer,€testified€that€he€stopped€a€vehicle€inÐ Æ   ÐÔ#bbddÔwhich€the€Defendant€was€riding€on€December€22,€1998,€in€response€to€a€radioÐ ¬ ü  ÐÔ#ddbbÔbroadcast.€€At€the€scene,€Mr.€Miller€identified€the€Defendant€as€the€person€who€hadÐ ’â  Ðrobbed€him€of€his€car.€€A€search€of€the€vehicle€revealed€a€Ruger€semi„automaticÐ xÈ  Ðpistol,€which€was€recovered€between€the€cushions€of€the€driverððs€seat.Ð^® Ð Ð  ÐÌà8  àà ` àBryant€Jennings,€a€crime€scene€officer€with€the€Memphis€Police€Department,Ð *z  Ðtestified€that€he€tagged€the€weapon€and€its€magazine€recovered€by€Officer€Owen.€Ð ` ÐThe€magazine€had€five€live€rounds€in€it.€€Neither€the€weapon€nor€the€magazine€wasÐ öF Ðchecked€for€fingerprints.€.€.€.€The€weapon€seized€from€the€vehicle€was€introduced€intoÐ Ü, Ðevidence.ÐÂÐ Ð  ÐÌà8  àà ` àSergeant€Joseph€Scott€was€assigned€as€the€primary€lead€investigator€in€thisÐ ŽÞ Ðcase.€€He€testified€that€he€interviewed€the€Defendant€on€the€morning€of€DecemberÐ tÄ Ð23,€1998.€€During€the€interview,€the€Defendant€stated€that€he€did€take€a€car€fromÐ Zª Ðsomeone€at€the€Amoco€station€but€that€he€did€not€have€a€gun.€€The€DefendantÐ @ Ðasserted€that€he€was€with€some€other€people€and€that€the€other€people€told€him€theÐ &v Ðrims€on€Mr.€Millerððs€car€had€been€stolen€from€them.€€According€to€Sergeant€Scott,Ð  \ Ðthe€Defendant€stated€that€these€other€people€threatened€him€with€harm€if€he€did€notÐ òB Ðtake€the€car.€€However,€the€Defendant€would€not€provide€Sergeant€Scott€withÐ Ø( Ðinformation€identifying€the€people.оРР ÐÌòòMichael€Ô_ÔPittmanÔ_Ôóó,€2001€Tenn.€Crim.€App.€LEXIS€411,€at€**2„7.Ð Š Ú ÐÌÓ  Óò òII.€€POST„CONVICTION€RELIEF€HEARINGó óÐ V"¦! ÐÌÓ  Óà  àThe€petitioner€testified€two€attorneys€represented€him€at€trial.€He€stated€that€prior€to€trial,Ð "$r# Ðdefense€counsel€met€with€him€on€one€occasion€at€the€jail€and€on€four€or€five€occasions€at€theÐ %X $ Ðcourthouse€during€various€pre„trial€hearings.€€He€further€stated€he€and€defense€counsel€discussed€theÐ î%>!% Ðstateððs€evidence,€which€included€his€statement€to€the€police€and€the€potential€testimony€of€the€victimÐ Ô&$"& Ðand€the€cashier,€both€of€whom€identified€him€as€the€perpetrator.Ð º' #' ÐÌà  àThe€petitioner€testified€that€although€he€took€the€victimððs€vehicle,€he€did€not€possess€aÐ †)Ö$) ÐÔ#bbddÔweapon€and€was,€thus,€not€guilty€of€aggravated€robbery.€€He€maintained€he€was€coerced€intoÐ l*¼%* ÐÔ#ddbbÔcommitting€the€offense€by€ð ðSix„Nine,ðð€a€gang€member.€€According€to€the€petitioner,€ð ðSix„NineððÐ R+¢&+ Ðdrove€him€to€the€convenience€store,€exited€the€vehicle,€and€approached€the€victim€with€a€gun€whileÐ 8,ˆ', Ðthe€petitioner€remained€inside€the€vehicle.€€The€petitioner€then€exited€the€vehicle,€entered€theÐ ° Ðvictimððs€vehicle,€and€drove€away€from€the€premises.€€The€petitioner€later€left€the€vehicle€with€ð ðSix„Ð –æ ÐNineðð€and€Derrick€Smith€and€returned€to€his€residence.€€He€stated€Smith€then€drove€to€theÐ |Ì Ðpetitionerððs€residence€in€the€stolen€vehicle€in€order€to€drive€the€petitioner€to€his€girlfriendððsÐ b² ÐÔ#cdddÔresidence.€€While€en€route,€the€police€stopped€the€vehicle€and,€upon€searching€the€vehicle,€discoveredÐ H˜ ÐÔ#ddcdÔa€gun.€€The€petitioner€maintained€the€firearm€belonged€to€Smith,€and€he€was€unaware€that€SmithÐ . ~ Ðpossessed€the€weapon.Ð  d ÐÌà  àThe€petitioner€testified€he€requested€defense€counsel€interview€ð ðSix„Nineðð€and€providedÐ à 0 Ðthem€with€his€contact€information.€€The€petitioner€stated€he€wanted€defense€counsel€to€presentÐ Æ   Ðevidence€that€he€did€not€possess€a€weapon€when€he€committed€the€offense,€and€ð ðSix„Nineðð€wouldÐ ¬ ü  Ðhave€testified€that€the€petitioner€did€not€possess€a€firearm.€€The€petitioner€further€stated€that€a€shortÐ ’â  Ðtime€after€providing€defense€counsel€with€this€information,€lead€counsel€told€him€that€she€was€unableÐ xÈ  Ðto€locate€ð ðSix„Nine.ðð€€According€to€the€petitioner,€by€the€time€defense€counsel€attempted€to€locateÐ ^®  Ðð ðSix„Nine,ðð€he€had€moved,€and€the€petitioner€did€not€know€his€new€address.€€€The€petitioner€statedÐ D”  Ðhe€also€requested€defense€counsel€interview€Derrick€Smith€and€provided€them€with€his€contactÐ *z  Ðinformation;€however,€they€failed€to€locate€Smith.Ð ` ÐÌà  àThe€petitioner€stated€he€also€asked€defense€counsel€to€have€the€gun€recovered€by€the€policeÐ Ü, Ðtested€for€fingerprints.€€He€said€that€although€defense€counsel€informed€him€that€the€gun€had€beenÐ Â Ðtested€for€fingerprints,€counsel€did€not€reveal€the€results.€€The€petitioner€stated€someone€later€toldÐ ¨ø Ðhim€that€his€fingerprints€were€not€on€the€weapon.Ð ŽÞ ÐÌà  àThe€petitioner€testified€defense€counsel€relayed€a€ten„year€plea€offer€to€him€prior€to€trial.€€HeÐ Zª ÐÔ#bbddÔfurther€stated€defense€counsel€instructed€him€to€reject€the€offer€because€he€could€possibly€be€convictedÐ @ ÐÔ#cdbbÔof€a€lesser€offense€at€trial;€thus,€he€rejected€the€offer€based€upon€defense€counselððs€advice.€€HeÐ &v Ðexplained€he€understood€the€risks€of€a€trial€and€it€was€his€decision€to€go€to€trial,€ð ðthanks€to€[defenseÐ  \ Ðcounsel].ðð€Ð òB ÐÌà  àThe€petitioner€conceded€his€statement€to€the€police,€which€was€consistent€with€his€version€ofÐ ¾ Ðthe€events,€was€read€into€evidence€during€trial.€€The€petitioner€stated€defense€counsel€advised€himÐ ¤ô Ðagainst€testifying€at€trial€because,€if€he€chose€to€do€so,€the€jury€would€hear€information€regarding€hisÐ Š Ú Ðprior€convictions.€€The€petitioner€stated€he€decided€not€to€testify€based€upon€defense€counselððs€advice.Ð p!À  ÐÌà  àLead€counsel,€who€was€an€assistant€public€defender,€testified€she€met€with€the€petitioner€onÐ <#Œ" Ðtwo€occasions€at€jail€and€on€five€occasions€during€various€court€hearings.€€She€also€had€severalÐ "$r# Ðtelephone€conversations€with€the€petitioner.€€Lead€counsel€testified€she€and€the€petitioner€discussedÐ %X $ Ðdiscovery€materials€and€any€possible€defenses.€€She€stated€the€petitioner€provided€her€with€threeÐ î%>!% Ðdifferent€versions€of€the€events,€two€of€which€he€later€stated€were€false.Ð Ô&$"& ÐÌÔ#ddcdÔà  àLead€counsel€testified€the€petitioner€provided€her€with€contact€information€for€ð ðSix„Nine.ðð€Ð  (ð#( ÐÔ#cdddÔLead€counsel€stated€she€filed€an€investigation€request€with€her€investigator€and€asked€the€investigatorÐ †)Ö$) Ðto€discover€the€identity€of€ð ðSix„Nine.ðð€€Lead€counsel€testified€she€learned€that€ð ðSix„Nineððsðð€name€wasÐ l*¼%* ÐLaKeith€Hampton.€€The€petitioner€provided€lead€counsel€with€the€address€and€telephone€number€ofÐ R+¢&+ ÐPearl€Hampton,€LaKeithððs€mother.€€However,€by€the€time€lead€counsel€received€the€information,€Ms.Ð 8,ˆ', ÐÔ#ddcdÔHampton€had€moved.€€When€the€investigator€located€Ms.€Hampton,€she€denied€knowing€LaKeith.€Ð ° ÐLead€counsel€testified€that€after€months€of€attempting€to€locate€LaKeith,€the€petitioner€informed€herÐ –æ Ðthat€his€brother€had€spoken€to€LaKeith,€who€stated€he€did€not€want€to€testify€for€fear€that€he€wouldÐ |Ì Ðbe€arrested€due€to€his€involvement€in€the€offense.€€Lead€counsel€stated€that€from€April€1999€untilÐ b² ÐJanuary€2000,€she€and€her€investigator€unsuccessfully€attempted€to€locate€LaKeith€and€diligentlyÐ H˜ Ðpursued€all€contact€information€provided€by€the€petitioner.Ð . ~ ÐÌà  àLead€counsel€stated€the€petitioner€maintained€that€although€he€took€the€victimððs€vehicle,€heÐ ú J Ðdid€not€possess€a€weapon€while€committing€the€offense.€€The€petitioner€told€lead€counsel€that€he€wasÐ à 0 Ðunable€to€recall€who€drove€him€to€the€convenience€store€where€he€then€took€the€victimððs€vehicle.€Ð Æ   ÐÌà  àLead€counsel€testified€the€petitioner€asked€her€to€interview€Derrick€Smith,€who€was€drivingÐ ’â  Ðthe€vehicle€in€which€the€petitioner€was€arrested.€€Lead€counsel€stated€that€although€the€petitionerÐ xÈ  Ðprovided€an€address€in€which€he€stated€Smith€could€be€contacted,€her€investigator€was€unable€toÐ ^®  Ðlocate€Smith.Ð D”  ÐÌà  àLead€counsel€testified€she€asked€the€prosecutor€whether€the€gun€seized€by€the€police€hadÐ ` Ðbeen€tested€for€fingerprints.€€The€prosecutor€informed€lead€counsel€that€the€result€of€the€test€wasÐ öF Ðð ð[n]egative€for€being€able€to€recover€prints.ðð€€Lead€counsel€then€stated€there€were€ð ð[p]rints€of€noÐ Ü, Ðvalue.ðð€€Lead€counsel€testified€she€did€not€order€an€independent€test.Ð Â ÐÌà  àLead€counsel€testified€the€state€presented€two€separate€plea€offers,€and€she€discussed€bothÐ ŽÞ Ðoffers€with€the€petitioner.€€The€state€first€presented€a€twelve„year€plea€offer.€€The€second€offer€wasÐ tÄ Ða€ð ðone„day„onlyðð€offer€for€ten€years€to€be€served€as€a€Range€I€offender.€€The€petitioner€rejected€theÐ Zª Ðoffers€and€went€to€trial.Ð @ ÐÌà  àLead€counsel€stated€that€because€the€petitioner€maintained€he€did€not€possess€a€weaponÐ  \ Ðduring€the€commission€of€the€offense,€he€wanted€to€plead€guilty€to€theft.€€Lead€counsel€informed€theÐ òB Ðpetitioner€that€the€state€would€not€offer€a€plea€to€a€lesser€charge€due€to€allegations€that€a€gun€wasÐ Ø( Ðinvolved€and€a€gun€was€recovered€from€the€vehicle€in€which€the€petitioner€was€arrested.€€LeadÐ ¾ Ðcounsel€further€informed€the€petitioner€that€the€state€intended€to€present€two€eyewitnesses€whoÐ ¤ô ÐÔ#ccddÔwould€identify€him€as€the€person€who€possessed€the€gun.€€Lead€counsel€testified€she€and€the€petitionerÐ Š Ú ÐÔ#ddccÔdiscussed€his€right€to€a€jury€trial€and€his€option€of€pleading€guilty.€€Lead€counsel€testified€theÐ p!À  Ðpetitioner€made€the€decision€to€proceed€to€trial.Ð V"¦! ÐÌÓ  Óò òIII.€€POST„CONVICTION€COURTððS€FINDINGSó óÐ "$r# ÐÌÓ  Óà  àIn€denying€the€petitionerððs€post„conviction€relief€petition,€the€post„conviction€court€foundÐ î%>!% Ðlead€counsel€and€her€investigator€conducted€an€ð ðextensiveðð€investigation€in€an€effort€to€locateÐ Ô&$"& ÐLaKeith€Hampton€and€discuss€his€testimony€with€him.€€The€court€noted€the€petitioner€provided€leadÐ º' #' Ðcounsel€with€the€name€ð ðSix„Nineðð€and€general€contact€information,€and€lead€counsel€utilized€thisÐ  (ð#( Ðinformation€but€was€unsuccessful.€€The€court€further€noted€that€after€lead€counsel€and€herÐ †)Ö$) Ðinvestigator€made€an€ð ðextensiveðð€effort€to€locate€Hampton,€the€petitioner€informed€lead€counsel€thatÐ l*¼%* Ðâ âhis€brother€had€spoken€to€Hampton,€who€stated€he€was€afraid€to€testify.€€The€court€also€noted€thatÐ R+¢&+ Ðhad€Hampton€coerced€the€petitioner€into€committing€the€robbery€as€the€petitioner€alleged,€it€wouldÐ ° Ðseem€ð ðoddðð€that€Hampton€would€willingly€testify€to€these€events€under€oath.Ð –æ Ðâ âÌà  àThe€post„conviction€court€found€lead€counsel€and€her€investigator€made€ð ðextensiveðð€effortsÐ b² Ðto€locate€Derrick€Smith€but€were€unsuccessful.€€The€court€found€lead€counsel€did€not€do€ð ðanythingÐ H˜ Ðless€than€what€would€be€expected€of€a€competent€trial€counsel€in€trying€to€locate€these€witnesses€andÐ . ~ Ðbring€them€forward.ðð€€The€post„conviction€court€noted€the€petitioner€did€not€present€any€proof€otherÐ  d Ðthan€his€allegations€indicating€Smith€and€Hampton€would€present€testimony€contrary€to€the€evidenceÐ ú J Ðintroduced€at€trial.Ð à 0 ÐÌà  àThe€post„conviction€court€found€the€petitioner€failed€to€establish€that€he€received€ineffectiveÐ ¬ ü  Ðassistance€of€counsel€due€to€lead€counselððs€failure€to€secure€an€independent€fingerprint€analysis€ofÐ ’â  Ðthe€gun.€€It€noted€the€gun€had€been€dusted€for€fingerprints,€and€the€fingerprints€were€ð ðof€no€value.ðð€Ð xÈ  ÐThe€court€found€that€Ð ^®  ÐÌà8  àsince€the€gun€had€already€been€dusted€and€tested€for€prints€and€they€were€not€theÐ *z  Ðdefendantððs€and€I€assume€that€information€came€out€at€the€trial,€I€havenððt€read€theÐ ` Ðtrial€transcript,€but€it€would€seem€to€the€court€that€defense€counsel€was€not€negligentÐ öF Ðin€failing€to€request€that€the€gun€be€dusted€for€prints€since€that€had€already€been€doneÐ Ü, Ðand€they€were€not€the€defendantððs.€€ÐÂÐ Ð  ÐÌIt€further€found€that€even€if€lead€counsel€had€requested€an€independent€fingerprint€analysis,€the€resultÐ ŽÞ Ðof€the€analysis€would€not€have€affected€the€verdict€due€to€the€fact€that€two€eyewitnesses€identifiedÐ tÄ Ðthe€petitioner€as€the€person€who€possessed€a€weapon€regardless€of€whether€the€gun€recovered€by€theÐ Zª Ðpolice€was€the€actual€gun€used€in€the€commission€of€the€robbery.Ð @ ÐÌà  àFinally,€the€post„conviction€court€found€the€petitioner€failed€to€establish€he€receivedÐ  \ Ðineffective€assistance€of€counsel€with€regard€to€the€plea€negotiations.€€The€court€further€found€theÐ òB Ðstate€made€a€twelve„year€offer€and€a€ten„year€offer,€and€the€petitioner€rejected€both€offers.€Ð Ø( ÐÌÓ  Óò òIV.€€INEFFECTIVE€ASSISTANCE€OF€COUNSELó óÐ ¤ô ÐÌÓ  Óà  àThe€petitioner€contends€he€received€ineffective€assistance€of€counsel€at€trial.€€Specifically,Ð p!À  Ðhe€asserts€lead€counsel€was€ineffective€in€failing€to€investigate€and€interview€witnesses,€in€failingÐ V"¦! Ðto€present€proof€at€trial€regarding€the€results€of€a€fingerprint€analysis€of€the€gun,€and€in€encouragingÐ <#Œ" Ðhim€to€reject€the€plea€offer€and€proceed€with€trial.€€We€disagree€with€the€petitionerððs€contentions.Ð "$r# ÐÌò òA.€€Standardó óÐ î%>!% ÐÌà  àWhen€a€claim€of€ineffective€assistance€of€counsel€is€made€under€the€Sixth€Amendment,€theÐ º' #' Ðburden€is€upon€the€complaining€party€to€show€(1)€that€counselððs€performance€was€deficient,€and€(2)Ð  (ð#( Ðthe€deficiency€was€prejudicial€in€terms€of€rendering€a€reasonable€probability€that€the€result€of€theÐ †)Ö$) Ðtrial€was€unreliable€or€the€proceedings€fundamentally€unfair.€€òòSeeóó€òòStrickland€v.€Washingtonóó,€466Ð l*¼%* ÐU.S.€668,€687,€104€S.€Ct.€2052,€2064,€80€L.€Ed.€2d€674€(1984)òòóóòòóó.€€In€òòBaxter€v.€Roseóó,€523€S.W.2d€930,Ð R+¢&+ Ð936€(Tenn.€1975),€our€supreme€court€required€that€the€services€be€rendered€within€the€range€ofÐ 8,ˆ', Ðcompetence€demanded€of€attorneys€in€criminal€cases.€€In€reviewing€counselððs€conduct,€we€assess€Ð ° Ðperformance€by€eliminating€the€distorting€effects€of€hindsight€and€evaluate€the€conduct€fromÐ –æ Ðcounselððs€perspective€at€the€time.€€òòWiggins€v.€Smithóó,€___€U.S.€___,€___,€123€S.€Ct.€2527,€2536,€156Ð |Ì ÐL.€Ed.€2d€471€(2003);€òòóóòòNichols€v.€Stateóó,€90€S.W.3d€576,€587€(Tenn.€2002).€€Ð b² ÐÌÔ#bdddÔà  àIt€is€unnecessary€for€a€court€to€address€deficiency€and€prejudice€in€any€particular€order,€or€evenÐ . ~ ÐÔ#ddbdÔto€address€both€if€the€petitioner€makes€an€insufficient€showing€on€either.€€òòóóòòStricklandóó,€466€U.S.€atÐ  d Ð697,€104€S.€Ct.€at€2069.€€In€order€to€establish€prejudice,€the€petitioner€must€establish€a€ð ðððreasonableÐ ú J Ðprobability€that,€but€for€counselððs€unprofessional€errors,€the€result€of€the€proceeding€would€haveÐ à 0 Ðbeen€different.€€A€reasonable€probability€is€a€probability€sufficient€to€undermine€confidence€in€theÐ Æ   Ðoutcome.ðððð€€òòState€v.€Burnsóó,€6€S.W.3d€453,€463€(Tenn.€1999)€(quotingòòóó€òòStricklandóó,€466€U.S.€at€694,Ð ¬ ü  Ð104€S.€Ct.€at€2068)€(citations€omitted).€€Ð ’â  ÐÌà  àThe€petitioner€bears€the€burden€of€proving€the€factual€allegations€that€would€entitle€the€Ð ^®  Ðpetitioner€to€relief€by€clear€and€convincing€evidence.€€òòòòóóóóTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40-30-110(f)€2003).€€WeÐ D”  Ðreview€the€post„conviction€courtððs€factual€findings€underlying€a€claim€of€ineffective€assistance€ofÐ *z  Ðcounsel€under€a€òòde€novoóó€standard€with€a€presumption€that€those€findings€are€correct€ð!ð€unless€theÐ ` Ðpreponderance€of€the€evidence€establishes€otherwise.€€òòBurnsóó,€6€S.W.3d€at€461.€€However,€the€post„Ð öF Ðconviction€courtððs€conclusions€of€law€ð!ð€such€as€whether€counselððs€performance€was€deficient€orÐ Ü, Ðwhether€that€deficiency€was€prejudicial€ð!ð€are€reviewed€under€a€òòde€novoóó€standard€with€noÐ Â Ðpresumption€of€correctness.€€òòóóòòFields€v.€Stateóó,€40€S.W.3d€450,€457€(Tenn.€2001)€(citations€omitted)òòóóòòóó.Ð ¨ø ÐÌò òB.€€Failure€to€Investigate€and€Interview€Witnessesó óÐ tÄ ÐÌà  àThe€petitioner€maintains€lead€counsel€failed€to€investigate€and€present€evidence€that€he€didÐ @ Ðnot€possess€a€weapon€during€the€commission€of€the€offense.€€Specifically,€he€asserts€lead€counselÐ &v Ðwas€ineffective€in€failing€to€interview€Derrick€Smith€and€LaKeith€ð ðSix„Nineðð€Hampton,€whom€theÐ  \ Ðpetitioner€alleges€would€have€provided€proof€that€he€did€not€possess€a€weapon.Ð òB ÐÌÔ#bbddÔà  àð ðWhen€a€petitioner€contends€that€trial€counsel€failed€to€discover,€interview,€or€presentÐ ¾ ÐÔ#ccbbÔwitnesses€in€support€of€his€defense,€these€witnesses€should€be€presented€by€the€petitioner€at€theÐ ¤ô Ðevidentiary€hearing.ðð€€òòBlack€v.€Stateóó,€794€S.W.2d€752,€757€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1990);€òòsee€alsoóó€òòScottÐ Š Ú Ðv.€Stateóó,€936€S.W.2d€271,€273€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1996).€€Neither€the€trial€court€nor€this€court€canÐ p!À  Ðspeculate€on€what€a€witnessððs€testimony€might€have€been€if€introduced€by€counsel.€€òòBlackóó,€794Ð V"¦! ÐS.W.2d€at€757.€€We€note€that€the€petitioner€failed€to€present€Smith€and€Hampton€as€witnesses€at€theÐ <#Œ" Ðpost„conviction€relief€hearing.€€Therefore,€we€are€unable€to€determine€whether€they€were€materialÐ "$r# Ðwitnesses,€whether€lead€counsel€was€deficient€in€failing€to€interview€them,€and€whether€the€failureÐ %X $ Ðto€interview€them€prejudiced€the€petitioner.Ð î%>!% ÐÌà  àFurthermore,€the€post„conviction€court€found€lead€counsel€and€her€investigator€madeÐ º' #' Ðð ðextensiveðð€efforts€to€locate€both€Smith€and€Hampton.€€The€evidence€does€not€preponderate€againstÐ  (ð#( Ðthe€findings€of€the€post„conviction€court.€€Accordingly,€we€conclude€the€petitioner€has€failed€toÐ †)Ö$) Ðestablish€counsel€was€deficient€and€has€further€failed€to€establish€prejudice.Ð l*¼%* ÐÌÐ 8,ˆ', Ðò òC.€€Failure€to€Present€Proof€of€Fingerprint€Analysisó óÐ ° ÐÌà  àThe€petitioner€next€contends€lead€counsel€was€ineffective€in€failing€to€present€evidence€at€trialÐ |Ì Ðregarding€the€results€of€the€fingerprint€analysis€on€the€gun.€€He€maintains€the€results€of€the€fingerprintÐ b² Ðanalysis€were€ð ðnegative€as€to€[the€petitioner],ðð€and€this€evidence€would€have€strengthened€his€positionÐ H˜ Ðthat€he€did€not€possess€a€weapon.€€However,€we€note€that€in€his€amended€post„conviction€reliefÐ . ~ Ðpetition,€the€petitioner€only€asserted€lead€counsel€was€ineffective€in€failing€to€order€an€independentÐ  d Ðfingerprint€analysis€of€the€gun,€and€the€post„conviction€court€made€findings€based€upon€thisÐ ú J Ðcontention.€€Ô‡X?VXXX?VÔSince€an€appellant€cannot€change€theories€from€the€trial€court€to€the€appellate€court,€thisÐ à 0 Ðissue€is€waived.€€òòState€v.€Alderóó,€71€S.W.3d€299,€303€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€2001);€òòState€v.€Dooleyóó,€29Ð Æ   ÐS.W.3d€542,€549€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€2000)òòóó.Ô#†X?VXXX?Vßv#ÔÐ ¬ ü  ÐÌà  àRegardless€of€waiver,€we€conclude€the€petitioner€failed€to€establish€lead€counsel€was€deficientÐ xÈ  Ðin€failing€to€present€proof€at€trial€regarding€the€results€of€the€fingerprint€analysis€on€the€gun.€€DuringÐ ^®  Ðthe€post„conviction€relief€hearing,€lead€counsel€testified€that€upon€speaking€to€the€prosecutor,€sheÐ D”  Ðlearned€the€gun€had€been€dusted€for€fingerprints€and€that€the€result€of€the€test€was€ð ð[n]egative€forÐ *z  Ðbeing€able€to€recover€prints.ðð€€Lead€counsel€then€stated€there€were€ð ð[p]rints€of€no€value.ðð€€The€post„Ð ` Ðconviction€court€found€a€fingerprint€analysis€had€been€conducted,€and€the€fingerprints€were€ð ðof€noÐ öF Ðvalue.ðð€€The€court€later€noted€the€prints€ð ðwere€not€the€defendantððs.ððÐ Ü, ÐÌà  àWe€are€in€a€quandary€regarding€the€fingerprint€analysis.€€We€are€unable€to€determine€from€theÐ ¨ø Ðrecord€whether€any€fingerprints€were€actually€found€on€the€gun;€whether€fingerprints€were€recoveredÐ ŽÞ Ðbut€could€not€be€identified;€or€whether€fingerprints€belonging€to€someone€other€than€the€petitionerÐ tÄ Ðwere€identified.€€The€petitioner€has€failed€to€establish€that€lead€counsel€was€ineffective€in€failing€toÐ Zª Ðpresent€this€evidence€at€trial.Ð @ ÐÌà  àWe€further€conclude€the€petitioner€failed€to€establish€lead€counsel€was€ineffective€in€failingÐ  \ ÐÔ#cdccÔto€secure€an€independent€fingerprint€analysis€of€the€gun.€€No€proof€was€offered€at€the€post„convictionÐ òB ÐÔ#ddcdÔhearing€as€to€what€the€results€would€have€been€had€the€independent€analysis€been€conducted.€Ð Ø( ÐAccordingly,€this€issue€is€without€merit.Ð ¾ ÐÌò òD.€€Encouraging€the€Petitioner€to€Proceed€with€Trialó óÐ Š Ú ÐÌà  àFinally,€the€petitioner€contends€lead€counsel€was€ineffective€in€encouraging€him€to€proceedÐ V"¦! Ðto€trial€rather€than€accept€the€stateððs€plea€offer.€€He€asserts€that€despite€the€stateððs€ð ðsignificantÐ <#Œ" Ðevidence,ðð€lead€counsel€informed€him€that€he€had€a€ð ðgood€chanceðð€at€trial.Ð "$r# ÐÌà  àThe€post„conviction€court€found€the€petitioner€wanted€either€a€plea€offer€addressing€hisÐ î%>!% Ðcontention€that€he€did€not€possess€a€weapon€or€a€trial.€€The€state€made€a€twelve„year€offer€and€a€ten„Ð Ô&$"& Ðyear€offer,€both€of€which€the€petitioner€rejected.€€Lead€counsel€testified€she€informed€the€petitionerÐ º' #' Ðof€the€stateððs€evidence€against€him€and€stated€the€petitioner€made€the€decision€to€proceed€with€trial.€Ð  (ð#( ÐThe€petitioner€testified€he€understood€the€risks€of€going€to€trial.€€We€conclude€the€petitioner€failedÐ †)Ö$) Ðto€establish€lead€counsel€encouraged€him€to€reject€the€plea€offers€and€proceed€with€trial.€€This€issueÐ l*¼%* Ðis€without€merit.Ð R+¢&+ ÐÐ 8,ˆ', Ðà  àWe€affirm€the€judgment€of€the€post„conviction€court.Ð ° ÐÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÌÌÌà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à____________________________________€Ð H˜ Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àJOE€G.€RILEY,€JUDGE