ÿWPCB# ÿÎe˜X’í«"PKEmY‡ËW Òô¤±;úãêktÅì ™x@`ÔoÇÜ& ÷¸×˜ä7êûD½ÖI¼äWt†¥R;1•¡Êd9@ŸúCy®‘¨è?}R£Æ¸;säzÎt(¦cáB‡Ùd}ùÁ¯ô9Ò<šrC‚º‡R6Sqd}«‹Jú¾¾Õ|›=šµÄÏn\·<¢˜ÀHy矺u¥ºù‡ÑYQ™¬*ìëL픣^rqØ “ñ½T'¾Œ>C¹Ž©{ÁÚ"¤2«Ëö0è8lUf°³êv›"‚-Ý–×8lƒ `N9êJÔ–cj–oh¹D}~…==cƒµíEW|›J)ݬ75[±³”-D²K\#ß2«.úÑŽpK)¥0^¿® nÄXá>þ3fMñó³í¤‘Ï ó-ÿóŽi6ódÎÉ¡Dð}ü‚>¨T(¶d˜q°ö`CW}¥]¼ŸˆëÉo¢-m1u©û¼E¾Os¨™e‹äýæØ?à%¢‹¥P¡Æ^/“çKvKÈ M‡úÌ$•›Û ÏêÊìCô»*x2?µ Üuk7hÂÒ=&ìÚ‡²‡"ïd.¡f (ŽÙÌ:èYæêø·g…NA¯M—¼b#Á\ % N# 0ˆ% UN­ û 0D zG ÒÁ z“ Ò ^ ß wë Æï Ƶ Æ{ÆA4N,E. m0âG)º?ùùí:ýýýýýýýýýýýýýýýýb777777777777777777777777777777777777 0ë???? B** 0¤G D3ë D- 0KK K AS– Æé 0¤¯! 0DS" A«—"˜HP LaserJet 4050ÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈ0»(`£ª$¡¡Ñ€.ÑÑ8€½­»»d»»d8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  Ó(í€"  Z6Times New Roman Regular (#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó ˜C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wpt ˜C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wptB…+â Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5‚Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5„Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5…Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5yG*  RA~1Pz¤3|x ÿU‹ÿÀÀÀ ØÝ ƒR±¿$ÝÓ  Óà  àòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÔ€ôç ò»»ÔÝ  ÝÔ_ÔBecause€he€committed€a€violent€felony€offense,€the€appellant€does€not€satisfy€the€minimum€criteria€forÐ ° Ðeligibility€under€the€Tennessee€Community€Corrections€Act€of€1985.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„36„106(a)(3)€(2000€Supp.).€Ð tÄ ÐMoreover,€the€record€does€not€reflect€and€the€appellant€does€not€claim€eligibility€for€community€corrections€due€to€anyÐ 8ˆ Ðð ðspecial€needs.ðð€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„36„106(c);€òòsee€alsoóó€òòGrigsbyóó,€957€S.W.2d€at€546„547;€òòState€v.€Bostonóó,€938Ð üL ÐS.W.2d€435,€439€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1996). Ñ ° Ñ °Ý ƒR±¿$ÝÓ  Óà  àòòÚ  Ú3Ú  ÚóóÔ€ôç ò»»ÔÝ  ÝÔ_ÔAs€previously€noted,€the€record€in€this€case€does€reflect€that€the€Presleysðð€twin€daughters€were€present€in€theÐ ° Ðapartment€at€the€time€of€this€offense.€€Specifically,€the€twins€were€in€their€bedroom.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„114(10)Ð tÄ Ðwill€enhance€a€defendantððs€sentence€when€the€record€demonstrates€that€he€ð ðhad€no€hesitation€about€committing€a€crimeÐ 8ˆ Ðwhen€the€risk€to€human€life€was€high.ðð€€Moreover,€we€have€held€that,€ð ð[Ô_Ôa]lthoughÔ_Ô€factor€(10)€is€inherent€in€everyÐ üL Ðhomicide€case€relative€to€the€victim,€the€trial€court€may€consider€this€factor€when€the€defendant€endangers€the€lives€ofÐ À Ðpeople€other€than€the€victim.ðð€€òòState€v.€Kelleyóó,€34€S.W.3d€471,€480€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€2000),€òòperm.€to€appeal€deniedóó,Ð „Ô Ð(Tenn.€2000);€òòsee€also,€e.g.óó,€òòState€v.€Thomas€Edward€Bradleyóó,€No.€02C01-9803-CC-00084,€1999€WL€165682,€at€*2Ð H ˜ Ð(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€at€Jackson,€March€26,€1999).€€However,€the€record€does€not€reflect€the€proximity€of€the€twinððsÐ  \ Ðbedroom€to€the€master€bedroom€in€which€the€shooting€occurred€or€otherwise€indicate€that€the€children€were€endangeredÐ Ð  Ðby€the€appellantððs€conduct. Ý ƒR±¿$ÝÓ  Óà  àòòÚ  Ú5Ú  ÚóóÔ€ôç ò»»ÔÝ  ÝÔ_ÔUnder€Tenn.€R.€Evid.€202(a),€a€trial€court€would€be€required€to€judicially€notice€the€law€relating€to€orders€ofÐ ° Ðprotection. ãÝ ƒR±¿$ÝÓ  Óà  àòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÔ€ôç ò»»ÔÝ  ÝÔ_ÔThe€record€reflects€that€the€appellant€weighed€approximately€230€pounds€at€the€time€of€the€sentencing€hearing.€Ð ° ÐHowever,€at€the€guilty€plea€hearing,€in€providing€the€trial€court€with€the€factual€basis€of€the€appellantððs€plea,€theÐ tÄ Ðprosecutor€stated€that€the€appellant€weighed€175€pounds€at€the€time€of€this€offense. 0Ý ƒR±¿$ÝÓ  Óà  àòòÚ  Ú4Ú  ÚóóÔ€ôç ò»»ÔÝ  ÝÔ_ÔInterestingly,€we€note€regarding€the€application€of€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„113(2)€that€the€appellantððs€newÐ ° Ðtheory€at€the€sentencing€hearing€that€the€fatal€shot€was€accidental€ð ðdoes€not€embrace€provocation€as€an€operative€factor.ðð€Ð tÄ ÐòòState€v.€Samuel€D.€Bradenóó,€No.€01C01„9610„CC„00457,€1998€WL€85285,€at€*6€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€at€Nashville,€FebruaryÐ 8ˆ Ð18,€1998).- ù-(|G2±¿$¤¤Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€E%»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  ÚóóÔ€ôç ò»»Ô d(|3v$££Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€E%»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝVVVV'ÿÿdxd)!ÈÈÈÈdxdx( ±þ$’’ò òFigure€Ú  Ú1Ú  Úó ó^_X`YEþÿ<<CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(|3v$¢¢Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€E%»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó óX[Z&OLE 2.0 Box <=8ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿCÿÿ HKKKKÝ ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€E%»»ddÈ8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÑ  ÑÑ  ÑÔ€¼E%»»»ÔÑ8€éXXdì»»d8ÑÑ€OYÑà@ttìàÔ‡îNdE%ÔIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEˆÐ ° Ðà@WW$ìàAT€KNOXVILLEÔ#†¼E%»îîNd#ԈРÖ& ÐÓ  Óà @ àà @` àJanuary€23,€2001€SessionÐ üL ÐÔ‡XéX»¼E%ÔÌò òÔ#†¼E%»XXé'#ÔSTATE€OF€TENNESSEEòòóó€v.€DONALD€PAUL€PRESLEYòòóóÔ‡XéX»¼E%Ôó óÐ úJ ÐÌà@@½½ìàò òDirect€Appeal€from€the€Criminal€Court€for€Anderson€CountyÐ ú J Ðà@@øøìàNo.€99„CR„0211€€€€€€James€B.€Scott,€Jr.,€JudgeÐ æ 6 ÐÌÌà@@ìì*ìàßA€V) °°` d€÷E<©` AßÐ ªú  ÐÌà@@TTìàNo.€E2000„00592„CCA„R3„CDÐ ¥õ  ÐAugust€14,€Ô_Ô2001Ô_ÔÐ ‘á  ÐßA€V) °°` dE<|` AßÐ }Í  Ðó óÌÓ  ÓThe€appellant,€Donald€Paul€Presley,€pled€guilty€in€the€Anderson€County€Criminal€Court€to€voluntaryÐ xÈ  Ðmanslaughter,€a€class€C€felony.€€Pursuant€to€a€plea€agreement,€the€trial€court€sentenced€the€appellantÐ d´ Ðas€a€Range€I€standard€offender€to€four€years€incarceration€in€the€Tennessee€Department€ofÐ P  ÐCorrection.€€Moreover,€following€a€sentencing€hearing,€the€trial€court€ordered€that€the€appellant€serveÐ <Œ Ðhis€entire€sentence€in€confinement.€€The€appellant€now€appeals€the€trial€courtððs€denial€of€any€formÐ (x Ðof€alternative€sentencing.€€Following€a€review€of€the€record€and€the€partiesðð€briefs,€we€affirm€theÐ d Ðjudgment€of€the€trial€court.Ð P ÐÓÛÓÌò òTenn.€R.€App.€P.€3€Appeal€as€of€Right;€Judgment€of€the€Criminal€Court€is€Affirmed.ó óÐ Ø( ÐÌòòÓ  ÓÔ#†¼E%»àXé¢#ÔÔ‡XéX.¼E%ÔNorma€McGee€Ogle,€J.óó,€delivered€the€opinion€of€the€court,€in€which€òòGary€R.€Wade,€P.J.óó,€andÐ ° ÐòòJoseph€M.€Tipton,€J.óó,€joined.Ð œì ÐÌJ.€Thomas€Marshall,€Jr.,€Clinton,€Tennessee,€for€the€appellant,€Donald€Paul€Presley.Ð tÄ ÐÌPaul€G.€Summers,€Attorney€General€and€Reporter;€Patricia€C.€Kussmann,€Assistant€AttorneyÐ L œ ÐGeneral;€James€N.€Ramsey,€District€Attorney€General;€and€Jan€Hicks,€Assistant€District€AttorneyÐ 8!ˆ  ÐGeneral,€for€the€appellee,€State€of€Tennessee.Ð $"t! ÐÓlÓÌà@@OO&ìàò òOPINIONó óÔ#†¼E%»XXé›#ÔÔ‡XéX»¼E%ÔÐ ü#L# ÐÌòòóóÔ#†¼E%»XXéL #ÔÔ‡XéX»¼E%ÔÓ  Óà@ìàò òòòI.€€Factual€Backgroundó óóóÔ#†¼E%»XXéª #ÔÔ€XéX»¼E%ԈРÔ%$!% Ðà  àà ` àOn€July€6,€1999,€an€Anderson€County€Grand€Jury€returned€an€indictment€chargingÐ À&"& Ðthe€appellant€with€one€count€of€second€degree€murder.€€The€indictment€resulted€from€the€shootingÐ ¬'ü"' Ðdeath€of€the€appellantððs€wife,€Candace€Hope€Presley,€on€May€14,€1999.€€On€November€5,€1999,€theÐ ˜(è#( Ðappellant€pled€guilty€to€the€lesser€included€offense€of€voluntary€manslaughter€in€return€for€a€sentenceÐ „)Ô$) Ðof€four€years€incarceration€in€the€Department€of€Correction.€€The€parties€agreed€that€the€trial€courtÐ p*À%* Ðwould€determine€whether€the€appellant€was€an€appropriate€candidate€for€alternative€sentencing.€Ð \+¬&+ Ðâ âÐ H,˜',ý Ðà  àà ` àIn€accordance€with€the€plea€agreement,€the€trial€court€conducted€a€sentencing€hearingÐ ° Ðâ âon€February€11,€2000.€€At€the€hearing,€the€State€preliminarily€introduced€into€evidence€a€pre„sentenceÐ œì Ðinvestigation€report.€€The€report€reflects€that€the€appellant€was€twenty„seven€years€old€at€the€time€ofÐ ˆØ Ðhis€offense.€€He€and€the€nineteen„year„old€victim€had€been€married€for€approximately€eighteenÐ tÄ Ðmonths€and€had€infant€twin€daughters.€€The€appellant€possesses€no€history€of€criminal€convictionsÐ `° Ðor€criminal€behavior.€€His€educational€background€comprises€his€graduation€from€high€school€andÐ L œ Ðsome€attendance€at€Roane€State€Community€College,€where€the€appellant€purportedly€receivedÐ 8 ˆ Ðcertification€as€an€emergency€medical€technician.€€As€to€his€past€employment,€he€served€in€theÐ $ t ÐUnited€States€Navy€for€four€years€before€receiving€an€honorable€discharge.€€Otherwise,€hisÐ  ` Ðemployment€has€been€sporadic.€€Moreover,€the€appellant€has€received€psychiatric€or€psychologicalÐ ü L  Ðtreatment€for€depression€since€the€early€1990s.€€Following€his€offense€and€prior€to€the€sentencingÐ è 8  Ðhearing€in€this€case,€the€appellant€was€admitted€to€Ridgeview€Psychiatric€Hospital€complaining€ofÐ Ô$  Ðhallucinations€and€threatening€suicide.€€At€the€time€of€the€sentencing€hearing,€he€had€been€releasedÐ À  Ðfrom€the€psychiatric€hospital€ð ðwith€a€regular€treatment€plan.ððÐ ¬ü  ÐÌà  àà ` àAttached€to€the€pre„sentence€investigation€report€was€a€victim€impact€statementÐ „Ô  Ðcompleted€by€Willie€Mae€Shadrick,€Ms.€Presleyððs€aunt.€€In€her€statement,€Shadrick€primarilyÐ pÀ Ðexpressed€her€strong€disapproval€of€the€plea€agreement€between€the€State€and€the€appellant.€€In€thisÐ \¬ Ðregard,€Shadrick€indicated€her€disbelief€of€the€appellantððs€account€of€the€homicide,€noting€that€theÐ H˜ Ðrelationship€between€the€appellant€and€his€wife€had€been€deteriorating€prior€to€this€offense,€and€Ms.Ð 4„ ÐPresley€had€confided€to€her€aunt€that,€ð ðif€[the€appellant]€ever€got€violent€with€her[,]€she€would€haveÐ  p Ðto€leave€him.ððÐ  \ ÐÌà  àà ` àIn€addition€to€the€pre„sentence€investigation€report€and€the€victim€impact€statement,Ð ä4 Ðthe€State€presented€the€testimony€of€Becky€Rod,€an€investigator€employed€by€the€Domestic€ViolenceÐ Ð  ÐUnit€of€the€District€Attorney€Generalððs€office.€€Rod€testified€concerning€the€incidence€of€domesticÐ ¼  Ðabuse€in€Anderson€County.€€Specifically,€she€related€to€the€trial€court€that€the€number€of€orders€ofÐ ¨ø Ðprotection€issued€by€the€Anderson€County€General€Sessions€Court,€which€court€hears€cases€involvingÐ ”ä Ðunmarried€parties,€had€increased€from€114€in€1998€to€166€in€1999,€approximately€a€forty„five€percentÐ €Ð Ðincrease.€€Rod€further€observed€that€the€number€of€orders€of€protection€issued€by€the€AndersonÐ l¼ ÐCounty€Chancery€Court,€which€court€hears€cases€involving€married€parties,€had€increased€from€148Ð X ¨ Ðin€1997€to€345€in€1999,€approximately€a€133€percent€increase.€€Rod€conceded€that€the€DomesticÐ D!” ÐViolence€Unit€contained€no€record€that€Ms.€Presley€had€ever€sought€an€order€of€protection€againstÐ 0"€  Ðher€husband.Ð #l! ÐÌà  àà ` àThe€appellant€in€turn€presented€the€testimony€of€Steve€Speelman,€the€principalÐ ô$D # Ðinvestigating€officer€in€his€case.€€According€to€Speelman,€the€appellant€provided€a€statement€toÐ à%0!$ Ðpolice€soon€after€his€offense.€€In€his€statement,€the€appellant€related€that,€on€May€14,€1999,€he€andÐ Ì&"% Ðhis€wife€were€at€home€with€their€infant€twin€daughters.€€The€Presleys€had€placed€their€daughters€inÐ ¸'#& Ðthe€twinsðð€bedroom€and€were€in€the€living€room€when€they€began€arguing.€€Specifically,€they€beganÐ ¤(ô#' Ðarguing€because€the€appellant€asked€his€wife€to€bring€him€a€pen€and€she€brought€him€a€pencil€instead.€Ð )à$( ÐThe€argument€quickly€escalated€into€a€shoving€match.€€Additionally,€Ms.€Presley,€who€was€five€feetÐ |*Ì%) Ðand€two€inches€tall€and€weighed€one€hundred€and€eighty„five€pounds,€began€hitting€the€appellant,Ð h+¸&* Ðwho€was€six€feet€and€four€inches€tall€and€weighed€one€hundred€and€seventy„five€pounds.׃×Ý ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€TheÐ ° Ðappellant€in€turn€struck€his€wife€on€the€face€several€times,€whereupon€Ms.€Presley€hit€the€appellantÐ œì Ðin€the€groin,€causing€him€to€fall€to€his€knees.Ð ˆØ ÐÌà  àà ` àWhile€the€appellant€was€incapacitated,€Ms.€Presley€ran€into€the€master€bedroom€andÐ `° Ðretrieved€a€nine€millimeter€pistol.€€When€the€appellant€followed€his€wife€into€the€bedroom,€Ms.Ð L œ ÐPresley€stated,€ð ð[Ô_ÔG]etÔ_Ô€out€or€I€will€kill€you.ðð€€Nevertheless,€the€appellant€approached€his€wife€andÐ 8 ˆ Ðattempted€to€disarm€her.€€As€the€appellant€grabbed€the€pistol,€the€weapon€discharged.€€A€struggleÐ $ t Ðensued,€and€the€weapon€discharged€two€more€times.€€The€appellant€related€that,€following€the€thirdÐ  ` Ðshot,€his€arm€ð ðgot€warm€and€burning.ðð€€At€this€point,€the€appellant€forced€the€barrel€of€the€pistolÐ ü L  Ðtoward€his€wifeððs€chest€and€forced€the€gun€to€discharge€a€fourth€time.€€The€appellant€asserted€toÐ è 8  Ðpolice€that€he€merely€intended€to€frighten€his€wife.€€However,€he€acknowledged€his€awareness€thatÐ Ô$  Ðhis€actions€ð ðhad€the€possibility€to€hurt€her€but€I€did€not€think€it€would€be€serious.€€I€wanted€the€gunÐ À  Ðaway€from€her€before€me€or€my€children€got€hurt.ððÐ ¬ü  ÐÌà  àà ` àThe€bullet€fired€by€the€appellant€entered€Ms.€Presleyððs€body€through€her€chin€andÐ „Ô  Ðexited€through€the€top€of€her€head,€apparently€killing€her€instantly.€€Immediately€thereafter,€theÐ pÀ Ðappellant€ran€outside€the€apartment€and€knocked€on€the€front€doors€of€several€neighboringÐ \¬ Ðapartments.€€When€no€one€responded,€the€appellant€flagged€down€a€passing€automobile€and€askedÐ H˜ Ðthe€driver€to€call€the€police.€€He€then€returned€to€his€apartment,€retrieved€his€two€daughters,€andÐ 4„ Ðawaited€the€arrival€of€the€police.Ð  p ÐÌà  àà ` àSpeelman€confirmed€at€the€sentencing€hearing€that,€in€addition€to€the€bullet€thatÐ øH Ðcaused€Ms.€Presleyððs€death,€the€police€recovered€two€bullets€near€the€doorway€of€the€PresleysððÐ ä4 Ðbedroom€and€one€bullet€near€the€foot€of€the€Presleysðð€bed.€€Speelman€also€confirmed€that€theÐ Ð  Ðappellant€had€a€powder€burn€on€the€inside€of€his€left€forearm.€€Speelman€explained:Ð ¼  Ðà8  àà8` Ð Ð àPowder€burn€normally€occurs€when€an€individual,€when€his€skin€isÐ ¨ø Ðwithin€very€close€proximity€to€the€discharge€of€a€firearm.€€It€is€a€resultÐ ”ä Ðof€the€powder€that€is€in€the€bullet.€€And€when€the€bullet€is€fired,€notÐ €Ð Ðonly€does€the€projectile€come€out€of€the€casing€and€exit€the€weapon,Ð l¼ Ðbut€also€the€powder€comes€out.€€The€powder€is€obviously€very€hotÐ X ¨ Ðwhen€it€touches€the€skin.€€It€causes€very€minute€burnings€.€.€.€.ÐD!”` x` x ÐFinally,€Speelman€recalled€that,€immediately€following€his€offense,€the€appellant€was€upset€andÐ 0"€  Ðconcerned€but€did€not€appear€remorseful.€€The€officer€elaborated:€ð ð[The€appellant]€appeared€to€beÐ #l! Ðupset€over€the€fact€that€that€incident€had€occurred.€€He€was€very€emotionally€upset.€€However,€thereÐ $X" Ðwas€no€mention€that€I€can€recall€concerning,€you€know,€my€poor€wife€or€anything€along€those€lines.ððÐ ô$D # ÐÌà  àà ` àThe€appellant€additionally€presented€the€testimony€of€his€grandmother,€Jean€PresleyÐ Ì&"% ÐBartley.€€With€respect€to€the€instant€offense,€Bartley€testified€that€she€saw€the€appellant€and€his€wifeÐ ¸'#& Ðregularly€and€frequently€prior€to€Ms.€Presleyððs€death.€€In€contrast€to€the€victim€impact€statementÐ ° Ðsubmitted€by€Ms.€Presleyððs€aunt,€Bartley€asserted€that€she€ð ðnever€even€observed€any€animosityÐ œì Ðbetween€[the€appellant€and€his€wife]€ever,€not€even€the€slightest.ðð€€As€to€the€trial€courtððs€sentencingÐ ˆØ Ðdetermination,€Bartley€stated€that,€were€the€trial€court€to€grant€the€appellant€probation,€she€wouldÐ tÄ Ðassist€the€appellant€financially€in€returning€to€school€and€continuing€his€training€in€the€paramedicalÐ `° Ðprofession.€Ð L œ ÐÌà  àà ` àFriends€of€the€appellant€also€testified€on€his€behalf.€€First,€G.W.€Bass€testified€thatÐ $ t Ðhe€had€known€the€appellant€for€twenty€years.€€He€asserted€that€the€appellant€is€ð ðan€average,€calmÐ  ` Ðguy.ðð€€Indeed,€Bass€asserted€that€he€had€never€seen€the€appellant€angry.€€Second,€James€Early,€aÐ ü L  Ðcorrections€officer€with€the€Knox€County€Sheriffððs€Department,€testified€that€he€became€acquaintedÐ è 8  Ðwith€the€appellant€in€1997€during€the€appellantððs€brief€employment€by€the€Department€as€aÐ Ô$  Ðcorrections€officer€and€that€he€had€since€maintained€contact€with€the€appellant.€€Like€Bass,€EarlyÐ À  Ðasserted€that€he€had€never€witnessed€the€appellant€lose€his€temper,€nor€did€Early€ever€observe€theÐ ¬ü  Ðappellant€employ€violence€against€inmates€in€the€county€jail.€€Early€noted€that€the€appellant€ð ðactuallyÐ ˜è  Ðis€a€very€level„headed€individual.€€He€handles€stress€extremely€well.ððÐ „Ô  ÐÌà  àà ` àThe€appellant€testified€on€his€own€behalf€at€the€sentencing€hearing.€€He€related€that,Ð \¬ Ðsince€his€wifeððs€death,€he€had€been€ð ðreal€depressedðð€and€wished€that€his€wife€ð ðwould€be€here.ðð€€TheÐ H˜ Ðappellant€confirmed€that€he€had€received€treatment€for€depression€at€Ridgeview€Psychiatric€Hospital,Ð 4„ Ðadding€that€he€had€also€received€treatment€at€Lakeshore€Mental€Health€Institute.€€The€appellantÐ  p Ðtestified€that€he€was€currently€taking€antidepressant€medications.€€With€respect€to€the€sentencingÐ  \ Ðissue€before€the€trial€court,€the€appellant€asserted€that€he€should€receive€probation€because€ð ð[Ô_Ôi]tÔ_Ô€wasÐ øH Ða€terrible€thing€to€happen,€but€it€was€an€accident.ðð€€He€related€that€he€was€frightened€at€the€time€ofÐ ä4 Ðthis€offense€and,€in€contrast€to€his€statement€to€the€police,€asserted€that€he€did€not€intend€to€fire€theÐ Ð  Ðpistol.Ð ¼  ÐÌà  àà ` àAt€the€close€of€the€proof,€the€State€noted€the€need€to€deter€domestic€abuse€inÐ ”ä ÐAnderson€County€and,€accordingly,€asked€that€the€court€either€deny€the€appellant€any€alternativeÐ €Ð Ðsentence€or€grant€the€appellant€an€alternative€sentence€of€split€confinement.€€The€appellant,€in€turn,Ð l¼ Ðsought€either€a€sentence€of€split€confinement€or€full€probation,€emphasizing€his€lack€of€any€historyÐ X ¨ Ðof€criminal€convictions€or€criminal€behavior,€his€record€of€military€service,€and€the€ð ðstrongðð€supportÐ D!” Ðof€his€family.€€The€trial€court€followed€the€Stateððs€suggestion€by€denying€the€appellant€any€form€ofÐ 0"€  Ðalternative€sentencing.€€However,€the€court€did€not€rely€upon€the€need€to€deter€domestic€abuse.€Ð #l! ÐInstead,€the€court€entered€the€following€observations€into€the€record:Ð $X" Ðà8  àà8` Ð Ð àThe€question€now€becomes€whether€this€person€is€going€to€be€servingÐ ô$D # Ðthe€sentence€or€what€type€of€sentence€he€serves.€€Let€me€say€this€toÐ à%0!$ Ðyou.€€I€have€considered€this€statement€that€the€defendant€has€givenÐ Ì&"% Ðright€after€the€taking€of€this€life.€€When€I€say€ð ðtaking€of€the€life,ðð€itÐ ¸'#& Ðwas€taken€in€the€heat€of€passion.€€Now€the€General€here€says€that€aÐ ¤(ô#' Ðsplit€confinement,€but€there€is€something€about€that€that€bothers€meÐ )à$( Ðbecause€it€looks€like€that€I€am€in€some€way€surrendering€what€IÐ |*Ì%) Ðconsider€to€be€a€very€strong€case€of€voluntary€manslaughter.€€BecauseÐ h+¸&* Ðof€the€statement€that€the€defendant€said€that€he€turned€the€gun€andÐ ° Ðdidnððt€really€think€it€would€hurt€her,€but€he€discharged€that€weapon.€Ð œì ÐThat€is€what€he€said€in€the€statement.€€That€was€the€night€that€thisÐ ˆØ Ðoccurred.€€Now€taking€the€life,€even€under€voluntary€manslaughter,Ð tÄ Ðshould€be€something€that€we€take€very€serious€in€society.€€Now€I€sendÐ `° Ðsome€people€off€that€go€out€and€sell€a€little€over€five„tenths€gram€ofÐ L œ Ðcocaine,€young€men,€usually€they€are€men€of€color€who€donððt€haveÐ 8 ˆ Ðany€income€at€all.€€And€I€send€them€off€to€the€penitentiary€for€eightÐ $ t Ðyears.€€And€even€though€the€courts€may€reverse€for€this,€I€am€sincereÐ  ` ÐI€believe€that€there€is€sufficient€evidence€here€that€I€cannot€in€goodÐ ü L  Ð[conscience]€provide€any€type€of€split€confinement€or€probation€forÐ è 8  ÐÔ_Ôth[isÔ_Ô]€offense[].€.€.€.€[Ô_ÔW]eÔ_Ô€should€think€life€is€more€precious€than€to€beÐ Ô$  Ðable€to€explain€away€a€temper.€€Even€though€I€have€got€a€temper.€€InÐ À  Ðthis€case€what€he€said€was€that€he€really€didnððt€think€it€would€hurt€herÐ ¬ü  Ðthat€much,€but€he€pulled€the€trigger€according€to€his€statement€in€thisÐ ˜è  Ðfile.€€If€I€am€misinterpreting€that,€perhaps€they€will€reverse€me€forÐ „Ô  Ðhaving€said€that.€.€.€.€I€donððt€think€this€is€one€of€those€crimes€that€theÐ pÀ Ðsubject€of€probation€based€on€these€facts.€€€€Ð\¬` x` x ÐÌà@éé$ìàò òòòII.€€Analysisó óóóˆÐ 4„ Ðà  àà ` àOn€appeal,€the€sole€issue€is€whether€the€trial€court€erred€in€denying€the€appellant€anyÐ  p Ðsentencing€alternative€to€confinement€in€the€Tennessee€Department€of€Correction€for€the€durationÐ  \ Ðof€his€four„year€sentence.€€This€court€reviews€the€trial€courtððs€selection€of€the€manner€of€service€ofÐ øH Ða€sentence€de€novo.€€Tenn.€Code.€Ann.€ðð€40„35„401(d)€(1997).€€In€conducting€our€de€novo€review,Ð ä4 Ðwe€consider€the€following€factors:€(1)€the€evidence,€if€any,€received€at€the€trial€or€guilty€plea€hearingÐ Ð  Ðand€the€sentencing€hearing;€(2)€the€pre„sentence€investigation€report;€(3)€the€principles€of€sentencingÐ ¼  Ðand€arguments€as€to€sentencing€alternatives;€(4)€the€nature€and€characteristics€of€the€conductÐ ¨ø Ðinvolved;€(5)€evidence€and€information€offered€by€the€parties€on€enhancement€and€mitigating€factors;Ð ”ä Ð(6)€any€statement€by€the€appellant€in€his€own€behalf;€and€(7)€the€appellantððs€potential€forÐ €Ð Ðrehabilitation€or€treatment.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€ðð€40„35„102,€„103€(1997),€„210€(1999);€òòsee€alsoóó€òòStateÐ l¼ Ðv.€Ashbyóó,€823€S.W.2d€166,€168€(Tenn.€1991).Ð X ¨ ÐÌà  àà ` àIn€order€to€facilitate€our€review€of€the€trial€courtððs€sentencing€determination,Ð 0"€  Ðà8  àà8` Ð Ð àthe€[Tennessee€Criminal]€Sentencing€Reform€Act€of€1989€requires€theÐ #l! Ðtrial€judge€to€place€in€the€record,€either€orally€or€in€writing,Ð $X" Ð[applicable]€enhancement€and€mitigating€factors,€or€the€absence€ofÐ ô$D # Ðsuch€factors,€along€with€specific€findings€of€fact€upon€which€theÐ à%0!$ Ðprinciples€of€sentencing€are€based.ÐÌ&"%` x` x ÐòòState€v.€Diesóó,€829€S.W.2d€706,€710€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1991);€òòsee€alsoóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„Ð ¸'#& Ð209(c)€(1997);€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„210(f).€€If€the€record€reveals€that€the€trial€court€adequatelyÐ ¤(ô#' Ðconsidered€sentencing€principles€and€all€relevant€facts€and€circumstances,€this€court€will€accord€theÐ )à$( Ðtrial€courtððs€sentencing€determination€a€presumption€of€correctness.€€òòóóTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„Ð |*Ì%) Ð401(d);€òòAshbyóó,€823€S.W.2d€at€169.€€In€any€event,€the€burden€is€upon€the€appellant€to€demonstrateÐ h+¸&* Ðthe€impropriety€of€his€sentence.€€òòState€v.€Grigsbyóó,€957€S.W.2d€541,€544€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1997);Ð ° ÐòòState€v.€Lodenóó,€920€S.W.2d€261,€266€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1995).Ð œì ÐÌà  àà ` àKeeping€in€mind€the€standard€of€review,€we€turn€to€the€principles€set€forth€in€Tenn.Ð tÄ ÐCode€Ann.€ðð€40„35„102€governing€a€trial€courtððs€selection€of€the€manner€in€which€a€defendant€willÐ `° Ðserve€his€sentence.€€Subsection€(5)€of€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„102€provides:Ð L œ Ðà8  àà8` Ð Ð àIn€recognition€that€state€prison€capacities€and€the€funds€to€build€andÐ 8 ˆ Ðmaintain€them€are€limited,€convicted€felons€committing€the€mostÐ $ t Ðsevere€offenses,€possessing€criminal€histories€evincing€a€clearÐ  ` Ðdisregard€for€the€laws€and€morals€of€society,€and€evincing€failure€ofÐ ü L  Ðpast€efforts€at€rehabilitation€shall€be€given€first€priority€regardingÐ è 8  Ðsentencing€involving€incarceration€.€.€.€.ÐÔ$ ` x` x ÐIn€contrast,€subsection€(6)€of€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„102€provides€that€a€defendant€who€does€notÐ À  Ðfall€within€the€class€of€convicted€felons€described€above€ð ðand€who€is€an€especially€mitigated€orÐ ¬ü  Ðstandard€offender€convicted€of€a€Class€C,€D€or€E€felony€is€presumed€to€be€a€favorable€candidate€forÐ ˜è  Ðalternative€sentencing€options.ðð€€òòId.óó€at€(6).Ð „Ô  ÐÌà  àà ` àThe€record€before€this€court€does€not€reflect€the€appellantððs€possession€of€a€criminalÐ \¬ Ðhistory€evincing€a€clear€disregard€for€the€laws€and€morals€of€society,€nor€does€the€record€reflect€aÐ H˜ Ðfailure€of€past€efforts€at€rehabilitation.€€Thus,€as€a€Range€I€standard€offender€of€a€class€C€felony,€theÐ 4„ Ðappellant€enjoyed€the€presumption€that€he€was€a€favorable€candidate€for€alternative€sentencing.€Ð  p ÐTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„102(5)€&€(6);€òòsee€alsoóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„104€(1997).€€Moreover,Ð  \ Ðwe€note€that€the€appellant€was€statutorily€eligible€for€the€alternative€sentencing€option€of€probation.€Ð øH ÐTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„303(a)€(1997).׃×Ý ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€Because€the€trial€court€in€this€case€failed€to€indicateÐ ä4 Ðwhether€or€not€it€afforded€the€appellant€the€presumption€in€favor€of€alternative€sentencing,€includingÐ Ð  Ðprobation,€we€will€not€defer€to€its€sentencing€determination.Ð ¼  ÐÌà  àà ` àProceeding€in€our€de€novo€review€without€a€presumption€of€correctness,€we€note€that,Ð ”ä Ðalthough€the€appellant€is€entitled€to€the€presumption€in€favor€of€alternative€sentencing,€the€State€mayÐ €Ð Ðrebut€the€presumption€with€ð ðevidence€to€the€contrary.ðð€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„102(6).€€Moreover,Ð l¼ Ðð ð[Ô_Ôw]hileÔ_Ô€the€statute€speaks€in€terms€of€òòovercoming€the€presumptionóó,€sufficient€contrary€evidence,Ð X ¨ Ðtypically,€also€òòdefeatsóó€the€defendantððs€claim€to€alternative€sentencing.ðð€€òòState€v.€David€Keith€Laneóó,Ð D!” ÐNo.€03C01„9607„CC„00259,€1997€WL€332061,€at€*10€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€at€Knoxville,€June€18,Ð 0"€  Ð1997),€òòaffirmed€byóó€òòState€v.€Laneóó,€3€S.W.3d€456€(Tenn.€1999).€€Contrary€evidence€will€be€ð ðsufficientððÐ #l! Ðif€it€demonstrates€thatÐ $X" Ðà8  àà8` Ð Ð à(A)€[Ô_Ôc]onfinementÔ_Ô€is€necessary€to€protect€society€by€restraining€aÐ ô$D # Ðâ âdefendant€who€has€a€long€history€of€criminal€conduct;Ðà%0!$` x` x Ðà8  àà8` Ð Ð à(B)€[Ô_Ôc]onfinementÔ_Ô€is€necessary€to€avoid€depreciating€the€seriousnessÐ ° Ðâ âof€the€offense€or€confinement€is€particularly€suited€to€provide€anÐ œì Ðeffective€deterrence€to€others€likely€to€commit€similar€offenses;€orЈØ` x` x Ðà8  àà8` Ð Ð à(C)€[Ô_Ôm]easuresÔ_Ô€less€restrictive€than€confinement€have€frequently€orÐ tÄ Ðrecently€been€applied€unsuccessfully€to€the€defendant.Ð`°` x` x ÐTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„103(1).€€In€assessing€whether€the€State€has€adduced€sufficient€contraryÐ L œ Ðevidence,€a€trial€court€may€also€consider€those€statutory€enhancement€and€mitigating€factors€relevantÐ 8 ˆ Ðto€the€considerations€listed€in€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„103(1).€€òòState€v.€Zeoliaóó,€928€S.W.2d€457,Ð $ t Ð461€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1996).€€Also,€ð ð[a]€felonððs€rehabilitation€potential€and€the€risk€of€repeatingÐ  ` Ðcriminal€conduct€are€fundamental€in€determining€whether€he€or€she€is€suited€for€alternativeÐ ü L  Ðsentencing.ðð€€òòState€v.€Keenóó,€996€S.W.2d€842,€844€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1999)(citing€Tenn.€Code€Ann.Ð è 8  Ððð€40„35„103(5)).Ð Ô$  ÐÌà  àà ` àThe€appellant€argues€that€the€trial€court€erred€in€this€case€by€denying€him€anÐ ¬ü  Ðalternative€sentence€on€the€basis€of€the€need€to€avoid€depreciating€the€seriousness€of€his€offense.€Ð ˜è  ÐTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„103(1)(B).€€In€support€of€his€argument,€the€appellant€cites€the€trial€courtððsÐ „Ô  Ðapparent€reliance€upon€the€occurrence€of€a€death€in€this€case.€€We€also€note€the€trial€courtððsÐ pÀ Ðconsideration€of€the€appellantððs€statement€to€the€police€in€which€he€admitted€intentionallyÐ \¬ Ðdischarging€the€pistol€toward€his€wifeððs€chest€knowing€that€she€would€thereby€suffer€injury,€albeitÐ H˜ Ðhe€unconvincingly€denied€any€realization€that€she€might€suffer€serious€injury€or€death.Ð 4„ ÐÌà  àà ` àIn€order€to€deny€alternative€sentencing€due€to€the€need€to€avoid€depreciating€theÐ  \ Ðseriousness€of€the€offense,€ð ðthe€circumstances€of€the€offense€ððas€committed,€must€be€ð ðespeciallyÐ øH Ðviolent,€horrifying,€shocking,€reprehensible,€offensive,€or€otherwise€of€an€excessive€or€exaggeratedÐ ä4 Ðdegree,ðð€and€the€nature€of€the€offense€must€outweigh€all€factors€favoring€probation.ðððð€òòState€v.€Fieldsóó,Ð Ð  Ð40€S.W.3d€435,€441€(Tenn.€2001);€òòState€v.€Grissomóó,€956€S.W.2d€514,€520€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1997);òòóóÐ ¼  ÐòòState€v.€Binghamóó,€910€S.W.2d€448,€454€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1995),€òòoverruled€on€other€grounds€byóóÐ ¨ø ÐòòState€v.€Hooperóó,€òòóó29€S.W.3d€1€(Tenn.€2000)òòóó.€€òòóóIn€determining€whether€the€circumstances€of€an€offenseÐ ”ä Ðsatisfy€this€standard,€a€trial€court€may€not€consider€factors€which€constitute€elements€of€the€offenseÐ €Ð Ðin€question.€€òòState€v.€Housewrightóó,€982€S.W.2d€354,€358€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1997);€òòBinghamóó,€910Ð l¼ ÐS.W.2d€at€454òòóó„455.€€In€other€words,€ð ððð[Ô_Ôo]nceÔ_Ô€the€legislature€has€specifically€authorized€the€use€ofÐ X ¨ Ðsentencing€alternatives€to€confinement€for€a€particular€offense,€trial€courts€may€not€summarilyÐ D!” Ðimpose€a€different€standard€by€which€probation€is€denied€solely€because€of€the€defendantððs€guilt€forÐ 0"€  Ðthat€offense.ðððð€€òòBinghamóó,€910€S.W.2d€at€454€(alteration€in€original).€€The€death€of€the€victim€is€anÐ #l! Ðelement€of€voluntary€manslaughter.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„13„211€(a)€(1997).€€Accordingly,€weÐ $X" Ðagree€with€the€appellant€that€the€trial€court€could€not€rely€upon€the€occurrence€of€a€death€in€denyingÐ ô$D # Ðan€alternative€sentence€for€that€offense.€€Similarly,€the€trial€court€could€not€rely€upon€the€appellantððsÐ à%0!$ Ðintentional€discharge€of€the€pistol€toward€his€wifeððs€chest€and€his€knowledge€of€the€potentialÐ Ì&"% Ðconsequences€because€voluntary€manslaughter€entails€an€intentional€or€knowing€killing€of€another.€Ð ¸'#& ÐòòId.óóÐ ¤(ô#' ÐÌà  àà ` àThat€having€been€said,€in€denying€an€alternative€sentence€in€order€to€avoidÐ |*Ì%) Ðdepreciating€the€seriousness€of€an€offense,€a€trial€court€may€ð ðlook€behindðð€a€defendantððs€pleaÐ h+¸&* Ðagreement€and€ascertain€the€true€nature€of€the€offense€committed€by€a€defendant.€€òòSee,€e.g.óó,€òòState€v.Ð ° ÐRobby€J.€Coxóó,€No.€E1999„00159„CCA„R3„CD,€2001€WL€12222,€at€*3€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€atÐ œì ÐKnoxville,€January€5,€2001);€òòcf.€alsoóó€òòState€v.€Tamela€Grace€McGheeóó,€No.€03C01„9807„CR„00228,Ð ˆØ Ð2000€WL€21043,€at€*11€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€at€Knoxville,€January€14,€2000).€€We€acknowledge€that,Ð tÄ Ðboth€at€the€guilty€plea€hearing€and€at€the€sentencing€hearing,€the€victimððs€family€expressed€theirÐ `° Ðfervent€opposition€to€the€plea€agreement€in€this€case.€€Nevertheless,€the€trial€court€found€that€theÐ L œ Ðevidence€adduced€at€the€sentencing€hearing€in€fact€reflected€the€appellantððs€commission€of€voluntaryÐ 8 ˆ Ðmanslaughter.€€The€record€before€this€court€does€not€preponderate€otherwise.€€òòState€v.€Parkeróó,€932Ð $ t ÐS.W.2d€945,€956€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1996);€€òòState€v.€Jackie€R.€Ellisóó,€No.€01C01-9804-CC-00177,Ð  ` Ð1999€WL€219599,€at€*3€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€at€Nashville,€April€16,€1999).Ð ü L  ÐÌà  àà ` àMoreover,€the€appellant€asserts€in€his€brief€that€review€of€applicable€statutoryÐ Ô$  Ðenhancement€and€mitigating€factors€militates€against€a€denial€of€an€alternative€sentence€due€to€theÐ À  Ðneed€to€avoid€depreciating€the€seriousness€of€the€offense.€€In€particular,€the€appellant€€notes€that€hisÐ ¬ü  Ðculpability€was€only€minimally€enhanced€by€the€factor€set€forth€in€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„114(9)Ð ˜è  Ð(1997)€and€was€substantially€mitigated€by€the€factors€set€forth€in€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð40„35„113(2),Ð „Ô  Ð(3),€(10),€(11),€&€(13)€(1997).€€Ð pÀ ÐÌà  àà ` àWith€respect€to€the€enhancement€factor€cited€by€the€appellant,€we€agree€that€hisÐ H˜ Ðemployment€of€a€firearm€under€the€circumstances€of€this€case€does€not€weigh€heavily€in€the€balance.€Ð 4„ ÐCertainly,€ð ð[Ô_Ôt]heÔ_Ô€mere€fact€that€.€.€.€a€firearm€was€employed€in€the€commission€of€the€offense€[is]€notÐ  p Ðsufficient,€without€more,€to€justify€a€sentence€of€total€confinement.ðð€€òòState€v.€Louis€Lavergneóó,€No.Ð  \ Ð01C01„9803„CR„00128,€1999€WL€460082,€at€*4€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€at€Nashville,€July€8,€1999).€€òòóó€Ð øH ÐMoreover,€we€agree€that€the€record€does€not€support€the€application€of€additional€statutoryÐ ä4 Ðenhancement€factors.Ô_Ô׃×Ý ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú3Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×Ô_Ô€€However,€the€mitigating€effect€of€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„113€(2),€(3),€andÐ Ð  Ð(11)€was€largely€embodied€in€the€appellantððs€plea€to€the€offense€of€voluntary€manslaughter€in€lieuÐ ¼  Ðof€the€charged€offense€of€second€degree€murder.€€In€so€observing,€we€are€not€unmindful€of€our€priorÐ ¨ø Ðholding€in€the€distinct€context€of€determining€the€length€of€a€defendantððs€sentence€that€there€is€noÐ ”ä Ðprohibition€against€ð ðdouble€mitigation.ðð€€òòState€v.€Stacy€Allen€Bullardóó,€No.€E1999„00796„CCA„R3„Ð €Ð ÐCD,€2000€WL€277314,€at€*9€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€at€Knoxville,€March€15,€2000),€òòperm.€to€appealÐ l¼ Ðdeniedóó,€(Tenn.€2000).€€Nevertheless,€ð ðððdouble€creditðð€need€not€be€automatically€applied€in€voluntaryÐ X ¨ Ðâ âmanslaughter€cases.ðð€€òòLavergneóó,€No.€01C01„9803„CR„00128,€1999€WL€460082,€at€*3€n.4.€òòóóÐ D!” ÐòòóóMoreover,€any€ð ðdouble€creditðð€to€which€the€appellant€might€be€entitled׃×Ý ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú4Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€and€any€mitigation€flowingÐ ° Ðâ âfrom€the€appellantððs€assistance€to€the€police,€his€lack€of€any€prior€criminal€record,€his€militaryÐ œì Ðservice,€and€the€ð ðstrongðð€support€of€his€family€is€overshadowed€by€his€dishonesty€at€the€sentencingÐ ˆØ Ðhearing€and€his€failure€at€the€sentencing€hearing€to€fully€acknowledge€the€very€culpability€to€whichÐ tÄ Ðhe€pled€on€November€5,€1999.Ð `° ÐÌà  àà ` àImplicit€in€the€trial€courtððs€emphasis€upon€the€appellantððs€statement€to€the€police€wasÐ 8 ˆ Ðits€finding€that€the€appellant€was€untruthful€at€the€sentencing€hearing€when€he€denied€intentionallyÐ $ t Ðfiring€the€pistol€toward€his€wifeððs€chest,€claiming€that€the€shooting€was€ð ðaccidental.ðð€€The€evidenceÐ  ` Ðcontained€in€the€record€does€not€preponderate€against€the€trial€courtððs€finding,€òòParkeróó,€932€S.W.2dÐ ü L  Ðat€956;€òòEllisóó,€No.€01C01-9804-CC-00177,€1999€WL€219599,€at€*3,€and€our€supreme€court€in€òòStateÐ è 8  Ðv.€Gutierrezóó,€5€S.W.3d€641,€647€(Tenn.€1999),€held€that€a€defendantððs€failure€to€acknowledgeÐ Ô$  Ðculpability€for€his€actions€may€support€a€finding€that€a€sentence€of€confinement€is€necessary€to€avoidÐ À  Ðdepreciating€the€seriousness€of€an€offense.€€òòSee€alsoóó€òòState€v.€Amy€Boydóó,€No.€E1999„02218„CCA„R3„Ð ¬ü  ÐCD,€2000€WL€1376674,€at€*5€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€at€Knoxville,€September€26,€2000),€òòperm.€to€appealÐ ˜è  Ðdeniedóó,€(Tenn.€2001).Ð „Ô  ÐÌà  àà ` àMoreover,€this€court€has€generally€observed€that€a€defendantððs€potential€or€lack€ofÐ \¬ Ðpotential€for€rehabilitation€ð ðmay€weigh€in€on€the€side€of€evidence€that€rebuts€the€presumption€inÐ H˜ Ðfavor€of€alternative€sentencing.ðð€€òòState€v.€William€D.€Brittóó,€No.€E2000„01107„CCA„R3„CD,€2001Ð 4„ ÐWL€177051,€at€*5€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€at€Knoxville,€February€23,€2001);€òòsee€alsoóó€òòState€v.€Bostonóó,€938Ð  p ÐS.W.2d€435,€438€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1996);€òòState€v.€Henry€Christopher€Johnsonóó,€No.€E1999„02501„Ð  \ ÐCCA„R3„CD,€2000€WL€893271,€at€**2„3€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€at€Knoxville,€July€6,€2000),€òòperm.€toÐ øH Ðappeal€deniedóó,€(Tenn.€2001).€€A€defendantððs€potential€or€lack€of€potential€for€rehabilitation€isÐ ä4 Ðmeasured€in€part€by€the€degree€of€both€his€candor€before€the€court€and€his€willingness€to€acceptÐ Ð  Ðresponsibility€for€his€offense.€€òòState€v.€Goodeóó,€956€S.W.2d€521,€527€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1997);Ð ¼  ÐòòZeoliaóó,€928€S.W.2d€at€463.Ð ¨ø ÐÌà  àà ` àFinally,€we€note€the€Stateððs€contention€that€ð ðconfinement€is€particularly€suited€toÐ €Ð Ðprovide€an€effective€deterrence€to€others€likely€to€commit€similar€offenses.ðð€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„Ð l¼ Ð35„103(1)(B).€€Recently,€in€òòHooperóó,€29€S.W.3d€at€10„12,€our€supreme€court€clarified€the€requisiteÐ X ¨ Ðanalysis€when€a€court€seeks€to€rely€upon€the€need€for€deterrence€in€denying€an€alternative€sentence.€Ð D!” ÐSpecifically,€the€court€held€that€the€need€for€deterrence€will€sufficeÐ 0"€  Ðà8  àà8` Ð Ð àso€long€as€any€reasonable€person€looking€at€the€entire€record€couldÐ #l! Ðconclude€that€(1)€a€need€to€deter€similar€crimes€is€present€in€theÐ $X" Ðparticular€community,€jurisdiction,€or€in€the€state€as€a€whole,€and€(2)Ð ô$D # Ðincarceration€of€the€defendant€may€rationally€serve€as€a€deterrent€toÐ à%0!$ Ðothers€similarly€situated€and€likely€to€commit€similar€crimes.ÐÌ&"%` x` x ÐòòId.óó€at€10.€€The€following€factors€are€relevant€when€determining€whether€the€need€for€deterrence€isÐ ° Ðpresent€and€whether€incarceration€is€particularly€suited€to€achieve€the€goal€of€deterrence:Ð œì Ðà8  àà8` Ð Ð à1)€Whether€other€incidents€of€the€charged€offense€are€increasinglyÐ ˆØ Ðpresent€in€the€community,€jurisdiction,€or€in€the€state€as€a€whole.ÐtÄ` x` x Ðà8  àà8` Ð Ð à.€.€.€.Ð`°` x` x Ðà8  àà8` Ð Ð à2)€Whether€the€defendantððs€crime€was€the€result€of€intentional,Ð L œ Ðknowing,€or€reckless€conduct€or€was€otherwise€motivated€by€a€desireÐ 8 ˆ Ðto€profit€or€gain€from€the€criminal€behavior.Ð$ t` x` x Ðà8  àà8` Ð Ð à.€.€.€.€Ð `` x` x Ðà8  àà8` Ð Ð à3)€Whether€the€defendantððs€crime€and€conviction€have€receivedÐ ü L  Ðsubstantial€publicity€beyond€that€normally€expected€in€the€typicalÐ è 8  Ðcase.ÐÔ$ ` x` x Ðà8  àà8` Ð Ð à.€.€.€.€ÐÀ ` x` x Ðà8  àà8` Ð Ð à4)€Whether€the€defendant€was€a€member€of€a€criminal€enterprise,€orÐ ¬ü  Ðsubstantially€encouraged€or€assisted€others€in€achieving€the€criminalÐ ˜è  Ðobjective.Ð„Ô ` x` x Ðà8  àà8` Ð Ð à.€.€.€.ÐpÀ` x` x Ðà8  àà8` Ð Ð à5)€Whether€the€defendant€has€previously€engaged€in€criminal€conductÐ \¬ Ðof€the€same€type€as€the€offense€in€question,€irrespective€of€whetherÐ H˜ Ðsuch€conduct€resulted€in€previous€arrests€or€convictions.Ð4„` x` x ÐòòId.óó€at€10„12.Ð  p ÐÌà  àà ` àIn€this€case,€the€State€did€not€present€testimony€concerning€the€incidence€of€voluntaryÐ øH Ðmanslaughter€in€the€community,€jurisdiction,€or€the€state€as€a€whole.€€Moreover,€the€appellantÐ ä4 Ðcorrectly€notes€the€trial€courtððs€observation€that€Anderson€County€experiences€a€lower€incidence€ofÐ Ð  Ðhomicides€than€smaller€surrounding€counties.€€The€trial€court€explained€that€ð ðour€society€here€is€aÐ ¼  Ðlittle€more€sophisticated€and€homicide€doesnððt€seem€to€be€the€way€that€they€avenge€any€activity€asÐ ¨ø Ðthey€do€in€some€of€these€other€surrounding€counties.ðð€€However,€notwithstanding€the€sophisticationÐ ”ä Ðof€Anderson€County€residents,€the€State€did€present€Becky€Rodððs€testimony€concerning€the€risingÐ €Ð Ðnumber€of€orders€of€protection€issued€in€Anderson€County.€€The€appellant€responds€that€ð ðthere€wasÐ l¼ Ðno€connection€made€between€orders€of€protection,€domestic€violence,€or€the€specific€facts€underlyingÐ X ¨ Ðthe€defendantððs€commission€of€voluntary€manslaughter.ðð€€òòCf.óó€òòState€v.€Sharon€Marie€Shellóó,€No.Ð D!” Ð03C01„9803„CR„00119,€1999€WL€222696,€at€*7€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€at€Knoxville,€April€14,€1999).Ð 0"€  ÐÌà  àà ` àA€preponderance€of€the€evidence€in€this€case€established€that€the€appellantððs€offenseÐ $X" Ðarose€from€his€participation€in€a€violent€and€physical€altercation€with€his€wife.€€Moreover,€the€offenseÐ ô$D # Ðto€which€the€appellant€pled€guilty€entailed€his€commission€of€an€assault€upon€his€wife,€òòseeóó€òòState€v.Ð à%0!$ ÐBurnsóó,€6€S.W.3d€453,€466€(Tenn.€1999),€and€the€absence€of€any€justification.€€An€order€of€protectionÐ Ì&"% Ðis€intended€to€prevent€domestic€abuse,€òòCable€v.€Clemmonsóó,€36€S.W.3d€39,€42€(Tenn.€2001),€andÐ ¸'#& Ðissues€upon€a€showing€thereof€by€a€preponderance€of€the€evidence,€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€36„3„605(b)Ð ¤(ô#' Ð(1996).€€However,€for€purposes€of€the€statute€authorizing€the€issuance€of€orders€of€protection,Ð )à$( Ðð ððð[Ô_Ôa]buseÔ_Ôðð€means€inflicting€or€attempting€to€inflict€physical€injury€on€an€adult€by€other€thanÐ |*Ì%) Ðaccidental€means,€physical€restraint,€or€malicious€damage€to€the€personal€property€of€the€abusedÐ h+¸&* Ðparty.ðð€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€36-3-601(1)€(1996).׃×Ý ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú5Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€Because€domestic€abuse€encompasses€conductÐ ° Ðother€than€assaultive€behavior€between€spouses,€we€must€agree€with€the€appellant€that€the€incidenceÐ œì Ðof€orders€of€protection€in€Anderson€County€does€not€necessarily€demonstrate€a€need€in€that€countyÐ ˆØ Ðto€deter€criminal€behavior€similar€to€the€appellantððs.€€Moreover,€it€is€not€entirely€clear€from€theÐ tÄ Ðrecord€whether€Rodððs€testimony€was€limited€to€final€orders€of€protection€or€included€ex€parte€orders.€Ð `° ÐòòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€36„3„605(a).€Ð L œ ÐÌà  àà ` àA€review€of€the€remaining€òòHooperóó€factors€in€the€context€of€this€case€similarly€failsÐ $ t Ðto€reveal€evidence€that€a€need€to€deter€similar€crimes€is€present€in€the€particular€community,Ð  ` Ðjurisdiction,€or€in€the€state€as€a€whole.€€òòHooperóó,€29€S.W.3d€at€10.€€Nevertheless,€we€decline€to€disturbÐ ü L  Ðthe€trial€courtððs€sentencing€determination€in€light€of€the€need€to€avoid€depreciating€the€seriousnessÐ è 8  Ðof€this€offense€and€the€appellantððs€poor€potential€for€rehabilitation€as€shown€by€his€lack€of€candorÐ Ô$  Ðbefore€the€court€and€his€failure€to€accept€responsibility€for€his€actions.Ð À  ÐÌà@MM"ìàò òòòIII.€€Conclusionó óóóˆÐ ˜è  Ðà  àà ` àFor€the€foregoing€reasons,€we€affirm€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court.Ð „Ô  ÐÌà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à___________________________________€Ð \¬ Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àNORMA€McGEE€OGLE,€JUDGE