ÿWPCñ Eu"æ#ÍPèRG~Ußn‹áÊšQ´Û2öZ!>Ìð•ºA™Þ“Ç稴={ErçßÒWuì¿È‚}WØÅ_ªqüÅs»úœæqT¤y à‘‰õQ›@¦ãÉ5ëRYo!LŒŽªD¢ý·\}Z T½bsÅBÿ6tÁÉMè Õ“•‡ip‹€ vjë…?“u ýRw·t¹ õ°¦ÊRÔë·¸gZÌ@C±%Áï·ÐwÐh¾x7ooh&ÞØ­…ÞŒ€)ìÓc ›€3U“ЭlתN€Ú³ÕrÃÍÜàë™W.½£öC!5b©`0!vÂ-M©òš‡Ø›ËJGG´KF®¡?/:~Ÿ÷8_å#+ðì /¯¦æ ¦k¬“¿.fÌv¨ýU¢?0œf–sðl~œšîûÕí±ËX‡òøºäžc@½¨·sþf™ -š7¹U»-þÒá>B.rVªZÜÐ*¨Fž€Ý[r:ˆF'_Ç—¦y†#µêdŒ·"þjrz뾜''»B~è* ‚ê™~"âôìÁ©p_C©€bÐÕ@Š i®ëÒ¸(PQ‚ÅuLŽ|åQQÈKù&ª©3(ã:mDÑmà63Éδ:ù‘½ÍB*$‰ns“•ÅZÉh¦´Ç×bN\ %^ 0ˆdU8Nì z:Ò´^ † z’ Ò wÞ 4â ö  Æ ÆÍ Æ“ ÆY mN6#Á8gùE` 0DbU @¦¦¦¦¦¦¦¦¦¦¦¦¦¦¦¦¦¦¦¦¦¦bææææææææææææææææææææææææææææææææææææ 0ëîîîî BÙÙ 0¤ö D3š D-Í 0Kúú ASEƘ 0¤^ 0D A«F»(`£ª$¡¡Ñ€.ÑÑ8€½­»»d»»d8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  Ó(í€"  Z6Times New Roman Regular˜C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wptš“Œ*â  ˜C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wptJr†*¸ ¥0Khµ¥3|xLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5‚Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5„Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5…Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5ÿU‹ÿÀÀÀ˜HP LaserJet 4050 Series PCL 5eÈÈ,,,,ÈÈ0 ]Ý ƒRû˜$ÝÓ  Óà  àòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÔ€ô¼Mò»»ÔÝ  ÝÔ_Ô€We€gleaned€the€facts€underlying€the€petitionerððs€convictions€from€our€opinion€concerning€this€case€on€directÐ ° Ðappeal.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Archie€Lee€Robertsóó,€No.€01C01„9603„CC„00082,€1997€WL€34425,€at€*1„2€(Tenn.€Ô_ÔCrimÔ_Ô.€App.€atÐ tÄý ÐNashville,€January€30,€1997).€€The€petitioner€failed€to€include€a€transcript€of€the€trial€or€the€sentencing€hearing€with€theÐ ° Ðrecord€for€our€review.(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(ÖÃ9 Z‹(Times New Roman - ù-(|G2û˜$¤¤Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€u»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  ÚóóÔ€ô¼Mò»»Ô d(|3ÿi$££Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€u»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝVVVV'ÿÿdxd)!ÈÈÈÈdxdx( ±þ$’’ò òFigure€Ú  Ú1Ú  Úó ó^_X`YEþÿ<<CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(|3ÿi$¢¢Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€u»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó óX[Z&OLE 2.0 Box <=8ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿCÿÿ HKKKKÝ ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€u»»ddÈ8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÑ  ÑÑ  ÑÔ€¼u»»»ÔÑ8€HÙXXdì»»d8Ñà@ttìàÔ‡îÔuÔIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEˆÐ ° Ðà@kk$ìàAT€NASHVILLEÔ#†¼u»îîÔ #ԈРÖ& ÐÓ  Óà @ àà @` àAssigned€on€Briefs€November€15,€2000Ð üL ÐÔ‡XHÙX»¼uÔÌò òÔ#†¼u»XXHÙ"#ÔARCHIE€LEE€ROBERTSòòóó€v.€STATE€OF€TENNESSEEÔ‡XHÙX»¼uÔó óÐ úJ ÐÌà@@½½ìàò ò€Appeal€as€of€Right€from€the€Criminal€Court€for€DeKalb€CountyÐ ú J Ðà@@øøìàNo.€7524F€€€€€€Leon€Burns,€Jr.,€JudgeÐ æ 6 ÐÌÌà@@ìì*ìàßA€V) °°` d€÷E<©` AßÐ ªú  ÐÌà@@TTìàNo.€M1999„02462„CCA„R3„PC€„€Filed€April€12,€Ô_Ô2001Ô_ÔÐ ¥õ  ÐÌßA€V) °°` dE<|` AßÐ }Í  Ðó óÌÓ  ÓThe€petitioner,€Archie€Lee€Roberts,€was€found€guilty€by€a€jury€in€the€DeKalb€County€Criminal€CourtÐ xÈ  Ðof€one€count€of€first€degree€murder,€for€which€he€received€a€life€sentence,€and€one€count€of€attemptedÐ d´ Ðfirst€degree€murder,€for€which€he€received€a€sentence€of€twenty€years€incarcerationÔ#†¼u»XXHÙ–#ÔÔ‡XHÙX»¼uÔ.€€Ô#†¼u»XXHÙ2#ÔÔ‡XHÙX»¼uÔOn€directÐ P  Ðappeal,€we€affirmed€the€petitionerððs€convictions.€€Subsequently,€the€petitioner€filed€a€petition€forÐ <Œ Ðpost„conviction€relief€alleging€ineffective€assistance€of€counsel,€which€petition€was€denied€by€theÐ (x Ðpost„conviction€court.€€Ô#†¼u»XXHÙw#ÔÔ‡XHÙX»¼uÔOn€appeal,€the€petitioner€raises€the€following€issue€for€our€review:€whetherÐ d Ðthe€post„conviction€court€erred€in€denying€his€claim€for€relief.Ô#†¼u»XXHÙã#ÔÔ‡XHÙX»¼uÔ€€Upon€review€of€the€record€and€theÐ P Ðpartiesðð€briefs,€we€affirm€the€judgment€of€the€post„conviction€court.Ð ì< ÐÓ¾ÓÌò òTenn.€R.€App.€P.€3€Appeal€as€of€Right;€Judgment€of€the€Criminal€Court€is€Affirmed.ó óÐ Ä ÐÌòòÓ  ÓÔ#†¼u»àXHÙÆ#ÔÔ‡XHÙX.¼uÔNorma€McGee€Ogle,€J.óó,€delivered€the€opinion€of€the€court,€in€which€òòDavid€G.€Hayesóó€and€òòJerryÐ œì ÐL.€Smith,€JJ.óó,€joined.Ð ˆØ ÐÌÔ_ÔTeciaÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔPuckettÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔPryorÔ_Ô€(post„convictionÔ#†¼u»XXHÙ+ #ÔÔ‡XHÙX»¼uÔ),€Smithville,€Tennessee,€and€Terry€D.€Ô_ÔDycusÔ_Ô€(trial€and€directÐ `° Ðappeal),€Ô_ÔCookevilleÔ_Ô,€Tennessee,€for€the€appellant,€Archie€Lee€Roberts.Ð L œ ÐÌMichael€E.€Moore,€Solicitor€General,€Clinton€J.€Morgan,€Counsel€for€the€State,€William€EdwardÐ $"t! ÐGibson,€District€Attorney€General,€and€William€M.€Locke,€Assistant€District€Attorney€General,€forÐ #`" Ðthe€appellee,€State€of€Tennessee.Ð ü#L# ÐÓü ÓÌà@@OO&ìàò òOPINIONó óÔ#†¼u»XXHÙœ #ÔÔ‡XHÙX»¼uÔÐ Ô%$!% ÐÌòòóóÔ#†¼u»XXHÙ#ÔÔ‡XHÙX»¼uÔÓ  Óà@ìàòòò òI.€€Factual€BackgroundˆÐ ¬'ü"' Ðà  àà ` àóóó óOn€April€28,€1993,€while€riding€around€and€drinking€together,€the€petitioner,€ArchieÐ ˜(è#( ÐLee€Roberts,€got€into€an€argument€with€Eric€Graham€and€Shane€Orlando.Ô_Ô׃×Ý ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×Ô_ÔÔ#†¼u»XXHÙy#ÔÔ‡XHÙX»¼uÔ€The€petitioner€pulled€aÐ „)Ô$)ýi ÐÔ_Ôknife€on€Orlando,€but€Orlando€was€able€to€take€the€knife€from€the€petitioner.€€Ô#†¼u»XXHÙJ#ÔÔ‡XHÙX»¼uÔUpon€arriving€at€theÐ ° Ðpetitionerððs€residence,€the€petitioner€requested€the€return€of€his€knife.€Ô#†¼u»XXHÙ#ÔÔ‡XHÙX»¼uÔ€Immediately€after€OrlandoÐ œì Ðreturned€the€knife,€the€petitioner€stabbed€Orlando€in€the€stomach€causing€a€severe€wound.€òòÔ#†¼u»XXHÙÔ#ÔóóÔ‡XHÙX»¼uÔ€€Ð ˆØ ÐÌà  àà ` àThe€petitioner€then€entered€his€house€and€kicked€in€his€motherððs€locked€bedroomÐ `° Ðdoor.òòÔ#†¼u»XXHÙ¥#ÔóóÔ‡XHÙX»¼uÔ€€He€obtained€a€12„gauge€shotgun€and€shotgun€shells,€and€he€loaded€the€gun.€òòÔ#†¼u»XXHÙ‰#ÔóóÔ‡XHÙX»¼uÔOnce€outside,€theÐ L œ Ðpetitioner€resisted€his€stepbrotherððs€attempts€to€restrain€him,€and€he€shot€Graham€in€the€head€and€inÐ 8 ˆ Ðthe€shoulder.€òòÔ#†¼u»XXHÙ#ÔóóÔ‡XHÙX»¼uÔ€The€petitioner€then€shot€at€Orlando€but€did€not€hit€him.€€After€Orlando€begged€theÐ $ t Ðpetitioner€to€permit€him€to€get€medical€help€for€Graham,€the€petitioner€allowed€Orlando€to€leave€withÐ  ` ÐGraham.€€The€petitioner€subsequently€called€911€and€made€a€coherent€request€for€assistance.€€He€alsoÐ ü L  Ðbragged€to€the€neighbors€about€ð ðkill[ing]€a€boy€that€was€in€the€yard.ðð€€Graham€died€as€a€result€of€hisÐ è 8  Ðhead€wound€and€Orlando€was€hospitalized€for€nine€days.Ð Ô$  ÐòòóóÔ#†¼u»XXHÙ#ÔÔ€XHÙX»¼uÔÌà  àà ` àThe€petitioner€was€found€guilty€by€a€jury€of€one€count€of€first€degree€murder€and€oneÐ ¬ü  Ðcount€of€attempted€first€degree€murder.€òòóó€Due€to€the€petitionerððs€youth,€the€State€was€unable€to€seekÐ ˜è  Ðthe€death€penalty€for€the€petitionerððs€first€degree€murder€conviction.€€Accordingly,€the€trial€courtÐ „Ô  Ðsentenced€the€petitioner€to€life€imprisonment€for€the€first€degree€murder€conviction€and€to€twentyÐ pÀ Ðyears€in€the€Tennessee€Department€of€Correction€for€the€attempted€first€degree€murder€convictionÐ \¬ Ðand€ordered€that€the€sentences€be€served€consecutively.€òòState€v.€Archie€Lee€Robertsóó,€No.01C01„Ð H˜ Ð9603„CC„00082,€1997€WL€34425,€at€*1„2€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€at€Nashville,€January€30,€1997).Ð 4„ ÐÌà  àà ` àThe€petitioner€appealed€his€case€to€this€court€on€direct€appeal,€and€we€affirmed€his€Ð  \ Ðconvictions.€€Subsequently,€the€petitioner€filed€a€petition€for€post„conviction€relief€allegingÐ øH Ðineffective€assistance€of€counsel.€€The€post„conviction€court€denied€the€petitionerððs€claim€for€relief,Ð ä4 Ðfinding€that€the€petitioner€had€not€established€that€the€petitionerððs€trial€counsel€had€been€ineffectiveÐ Ð  Ðor€that€the€petitioner€had€been€prejudiced€by€counselððs€actions.€€On€appeal,€the€petitioner€raises€theÐ ¼  Ðfollowing€issue€for€our€review:€whether€the€post„conviction€court€erred€in€denying€the€petitionerððsÐ ¨ø Ðclaim€for€relief.Ð ”ä ÐÌà@éé$ìàòòò òII.€€AnalysisˆÐ l¼ Ðà  àà ` àóóó óBecause€the€petitioner€initiated€his€post„conviction€proceeding€after€May€10,€1995,Ð X ¨ Ðhe€must€prove€all€of€his€factual€allegations€by€clear€and€convincing€evidence.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ððÐ D!” Ð40„30„210(f)€(1997).€€Unless€the€evidence€preponderates€otherwise,€the€post„conviction€courtððsÐ 0"€  Ðfactual€findings€are€binding€upon€this€court.òòóó€€òòButler€v.€Stateóó,€789€S.W.2d€898,€899€(Tenn.€1990).€Ð #l! ÐLikewise,€the€post„conviction€court€resolves€all€questions€pertaining€to€the€credibility€of€witnessesÐ $X" Ðand€the€weight€and€value€to€be€attributed€to€their€testimony.òòóó€€òòBlack€v.€Stateóó,€794€S.W.2d€752,€755Ð ô$D # Ð(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1990).€€Moreover,€we€may€not€re„weigh€or€reevaluate€the€evidence€or€substituteÐ à%0!$ Ðâ âour€inferences€for€those€drawn€by€the€post„conviction€court.€€òòOwens€v.€Stateóó,€13€S.W.3d€742,€749Ð Ì&"% Ð(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1999),€òòÔ‡XHÙXXXHÙÔperm.€to€appeal€deniedóó,Ô#†XHÙXXXHÙS"#Ô€(Tenn.),€òòcert.€deniedóó,€__€U.S.€__,€121€S.€Ct.€116Ð ° Ð(2000).€Ð œì Ðâ âÌà  àà ` àA€claim€of€ineffective€assistance€of€counsel€is€a€mixed€question€of€law€and€fact.€€òòStateÐ tÄ Ðv.€Burnsóó,€6€S.W.3d€453,€461€(Tenn.€1999).Ô‡XHÙXXXHÙÔ€€On€appeal,€a€post„conviction€courtððs€findings€of€fact€areÐ `° Ðsubject€to€a€de€novo€review;€however,€we€must€accord€those€factual€findings€a€presumption€ofÐ L œ Ðcorrectness,€which€is€overcome€only€when€a€preponderance€of€the€evidence€is€contrary€to€the€post„Ð 8 ˆ Ðconviction€courtððs€factual€findings.€€òòJehiel€Fields€v.€Stateóó,€__€S.W.3d€__,€E1999„00915„SC„R11„PC,Ð $ t Ð2001€WL€166380,€at€*4€(Tenn.,€February€20,€2001).€€However,€a€post„conviction€courtððs€conclusionsÐ  ` Ðof€law,€such€as€whether€counselððs€performance€was€deficient€or€whether€that€deficiency€wasÐ ü L  Ðprejudicial,€are€subject€to€a€purely€de€novo€review€by€this€court€with€no€presumption€of€correctness.€Ð è 8  ÐòòÔ#†XHÙXXXHÙØ##ÔId.óóÔ‡XHÙXXXHÙÔ€at€*5.€€Ð Ô$  ÐÌà  àà ` àTo€establish€ineffective€assistance€of€counsel,€the€petitioner€must€demonstrate€twoÐ ¬ü  Ðthings:€€Ð ˜è  Ðà8  àà8` Ð Ð àFirst,€the€[petitioner]€must€prove€that€his€lawyer€failed€to€renderÐ „Ô  Ðcompetent€legal€representation.€€Once€the€[petitioner]€provesÐ pÀ Ðincompetence,€he€must€then€prove€that€the€incompetent€representationÐ \¬ Ðprejudiced€him€to€the€extent€of€undermining€confidence€in€theÐ H˜ Ðoutcome€of€the€trial.Ô#†XHÙXXXHÙC'#ÔÐ4„` x` x ÐòòÔ‡XHÙXXXHÙÔState€v.€Harrisóó,€978€S.W.2d€109,€114€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1997);€òòsee€alsoóó€òòStrickland€v.€Washingtonóó,Ð  p Ð466€U.S.€668,€687,€104€S.Ct.€2052,€2064€(1984).€€Ô#†XHÙXXXHÙî)#ÔÔ‡XHÙXXXHÙÔThe€petitioner€must€establish€both€factors€in€orderÐ  \ Ðto€be€entitled€to€relief.€€òòGoad€v.€Stateóó,€938€S.W.2d€363,€370€(Tenn.€1996).€€In€determining€whetherÐ øH Ðor€not€counselððs€performance€was€deficient,€the€applicable€test€is€whether€counselððs€performance€wasÐ ä4 Ðwithin€the€range€of€competence€required€of€attorneys€in€criminal€cases.€€òòBaxter€v.Ô#†XHÙXXXHÙå*#ÔÔ‡XHÙXXXHÙÔ€Roseóó,€523€S.W.2dÐ Ð  Ð930,€936€(Ô#†XHÙXXXHÙÁ,#ÔÔ‡XHÙXXXHÙÔTenn.€1975).€€To€establish€prejudice,€Ð ¼  Ðà8  àà8` Ð Ð à[t]he€[petitioner]€must€show€that€there€is€a€reasonable€probability€that,Ð ¨ø Ðbut€for€counselððs€unprofessional€errors,€the€result€of€the€proceedingÐ ”ä Ðwould€have€been€different.€€A€reasonable€probability€is€a€probabilityÐ €Ð Ðsufficient€to€undermine€confidence€in€the€outcome.Ô#†XHÙXXXHÙ6-#ÔÔ‡XHÙXXXHÙÔ€Ô#†XHÙXXXHÙ/#Ôà È àÐl¼` x` x ÐòòÔ‡XHÙXXXHÙÔStricklandóó,€466€U.S.€at€694,€104€S.Ct.€at€2068.Ô#†XHÙXXXHÙ‹/#ÔÐ X ¨ ÐÌà  àà ` àSpecifically,€the€petitioner€alleges€that€his€counsel€was€ineffective€for€failing€toÐ 0"€  Ðintroduce€any€mitigating€evidence€at€his€sentencing€hearing.€€The€petitioner€contends€that€his€trialÐ #l! Ðcounsel€should€have€introduced€evidence€of€his€ð ðhorrific€childhood€and€emotional€problemsððÐ $X" Ðthrough€the€testimony€of€his€sister,€Debra€Cunningham,€and€a€psychiatrist,€Dr.€Barry€Nurcombe.€€Ð ô$D # ÐÌà  àà ` àCunningham€testified€at€the€post„conviction€hearing€thatÐ Ì&"% Ðà8  àà8` Ð Ð à[the€petitionerððs]€dad.€.€.€shot€at€our€mother€and€just€barely€missedÐ ¸'#& Ðher.€€His€dad€locked€us€out€of€the€house€lots€of€times.€.€.€not€just€aÐ ¤(ô#' Ðshort€time.€.€.€.€[The€petitionerððs]€dad€held€a€sharp„pointed€scissors€toÐ )à$( Ðhis€throat.€€In€fact,€you€know,€made€a€face€in€there€and€told€him€thatÐ |*Ì%) Ðhe€was€going€to€kill€him€if€he€didnððt€come€with€him.€€And€at€thatÐ h+¸&* Ðpoint€he€had€kidnapped€[the€petitioner]€and€his€brother€from€myÐ ° Ðmother.Мì` x` x ÐCunningham€stated€that,€following€these€incidents€during€the€petitionerððs€youth,€the€petitionerÐ ˆØ Ðexperienced€a€drastic€change€in€his€personality,€becoming€very€withdrawn.€€Additionally,€regardingÐ tÄ Ðthe€petitionerððs€temper,€Cunningham€acknowledged€that€ð ðeither€something€occurs€several€times€orÐ `° Ðjust€over€a€period€of€time€of€making€him€very€angry€before€he€would€show€his€temper€at€all,€and€thenÐ L œ Ðit€would€be€in€an€explosion.ðð€€Cunningham€maintained€that€she€was€present€at€the€petitionerððs€trialÐ 8 ˆ Ðand€sentencing€hearing€and€would€have€been€willing€to€testify€at€both€proceedings.Ð $ t ÐÌà  àà ` àAt€the€post„conviction€hearing,€the€petitioner€acknowledged€that€the€only€expertÐ ü L  Ðwitnesses€available€to€testify€on€his€behalf€were€the€psychiatrists€and€the€psychologist€who€hadÐ è 8  Ðexamined€him:€Dr.€James€Machum,€Dr.€Dolorosa€B.€Yap,€and€Dr.€Barry€Nurcombe.€€However,€onÐ Ô$  Ðappeal,€the€petitioner€only€complains€about€his€trial€counselððs€failure€to€call€Dr.€Nurcombe.€€TheÐ À  Ðpetitioner€also€admitted€at€the€post„conviction€hearing€that€he€did€not€remember€much€of€hisÐ ¬ü  Ðchildhood€before€the€age€of€eight€or€nine.€€Specifically,€the€petitioner€testified,€ð ðIððve€seen€a€fewÐ ˜è  Ðpeople€get€shot,€and€thatððs€about€it.ððÐ „Ô  ÐÌà  àà ` àIn€analyzing€claims€of€ineffective€assistance€during€sentencing,€our€supreme€court€hasÐ \¬ Ðasserted€that,€even€in€the€capital€context,€ð ðthere€is€no€requirement€that€counsel€present€mitigatingÐ H˜ Ðevidence€during€the€sentencing€phase€of€trial.ðð€€òòZagorski€v.€Stateóó,€983€S.W.2d€654,€657€(Tenn.€1998).€Ð 4„ ÐFurthermore,€ð ðstrategic€choices€made€[by€counsel]€after€thorough€investigation€of€€law€and€factsÐ  p Ðrelevant€to€plausible€options€are€virtually€unchallengeable.ðð€€òòStricklandóó,€466€U.S.€at€690,€104€S.€Ct.Ð  \ Ðat€2066.€€Specifically,€this€court€has€previously€found€that€€Ð øH Ðà8  àà8` Ð Ð à[d]eference€is€made€for€òòsoundóó€trial€strategy.€€However,€this€deferenceÐ ä4 Ðto€tactical€choices€only€applies€if€the€choices€are€informed€ones€basedÐ Ð  Ðupon€adequate€preparation.м ` x` x ÐòòCooper€v.€Stateóó,€847€S.W.2d€521,€528€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1992)€(emphasis€in€original).Ð ¨ø ÐÌà  àà ` àInitially,€we€note€that€petitionerððs€trial€counsel€testified€that€ð ðour€office€put€in€overÐ €Ð Ð200€man€hours€on€this€case.ðð€€Specifically,€petitionerððs€trial€counsel€testified€that€during€his€thoroughÐ l¼ Ðinvestigation€of€the€petitionerððs€case,€he€or€members€of€his€office€spoke€often€with€psychiatrists,€aÐ X ¨ Ðpsychologist,€the€petitionerððs€friends€from€school,€and€the€petitionerððs€family.€€Trial€counsel€statedÐ D!” Ðthat€he€frequently€consulted€with€the€other€more€experienced€attorneys€in€his€office€regarding€theÐ 0"€  Ðpetitionerððs€case€because€he€grew€to€like€the€petitioner€and€wanted€to€achieve€the€best€outcomeÐ #l! Ðpossible.€€The€petitioner€admitted€that€his€trial€counsel€discussed€the€case€and€various€aspects€of€theÐ $X" Ðtrial€strategy€with€him.€€A€review€of€the€record€clearly€establishes€that€trial€counsel€adequatelyÐ ô$D # Ðprepared€for€the€petitionerððs€trial€and€sentencing€hearing.€€The€post„conviction€court€specificallyÐ à%0!$ Ðnoted€that€ð ð[c]ounsel€did€the€best€they€could€with€what€they€had.ðð€Ð Ì&"% ÐÌà  àà ` àThe€petitioner€claims€that,€if€Dr.€Nurcombe€had€testified€at€the€sentencing€hearingÐ ¤(ô#' Ðconcerning€the€petitionerððs€difficult€childhood,€the€trial€court€would€have€had€a€basis€for€furtherÐ )à$( Ðmitigation€of€the€petitionerððs€sentences.€€However,€we€note€that,€at€the€post„conviction€hearing,€theÐ |*Ì%) Ðpetitioner€failed€to€present€any€testimony€from€Dr.€Nurcombe€or€any€expert€concerning€theÐ h+¸&* Ðinformation€which€he€alleges€should€have€been€presented€at€the€sentencing€hearing.€€Accordingly,Ð ° Ðthis€court€may€not€speculate€about€the€evidence€that€Dr.€Nurcombe€may€have€presented.€€òòBlackóó,€794Ð œì ÐS.W.2d€€at€757.€€Ð ˆØ ÐÌà  àà ` àAdditionally,€the€petitionerððs€trial€counsel€testified€at€the€post„conviction€hearing€thatÐ `° Ðthere€were€strategic€problems€with€calling€Dr.€Nurcombe.€€Specifically,€trial€counsel€testified€thatÐ L œ Ðhe€did€not€call€Dr.€Nurcombe€to€testify€because€there€were€problems€with€Dr.€NurcombeððsÐ 8 ˆ Ðcredibility.€€Counsel€explained€that€Dr.€Nurcombe€consistently€testified€for€the€defense€and€had€neverÐ $ t Ðtestified€on€behalf€of€the€State,€the€doctor€was€not€certified€in€the€United€States,€and€General€GibsonÐ  ` Ðð ðate€[Dr.€Nurcombeððs]€lunchðð€during€deposition€and€wanted€the€defense€to€call€the€doctor.€€TrialÐ ü L  Ðcounsel€concluded€that€Dr.€Nurcombeððs€testimony€would€not€necessarily€be€beneficial€to€theÐ è 8  Ðpetitioner.€€This€court€may€not€review€the€trial€strategy€of€an€attorney.€€òòSeeóó€òòCooperóó,€847€S.W.2d€atÐ Ô$  Ð528.€€The€petitionerððs€trial€counsel€made€a€well„reasoned,€strategic€decision€not€to€call€Dr.€NurcombeÐ À  Ðon€the€petitionerððs€behalf.€€Moreover,€the€petitionerððs€trial€counsel€attempted€to€offer€a€videotapedÐ ¬ü  Ðdeposition€of€Dr.€Nurcombe€into€evidence€at€the€sentencing€hearing.€€Accordingly,€the€petitioner€hasÐ ˜è  Ðfailed€to€prove€that€his€trial€counsel€was€ineffective€for€failing€to€call€Dr.€Nurcombe.Ð „Ô  ÐÌà  àà ` àAgain,€the€petitioner€also€contends€that€his€trial€counsel€rendered€ineffectiveÐ \¬ Ðassistance€by€failing€to€call€his€sister,€Debra€Cunningham,€to€testify€regarding€his€difficult€childhood.€Ð H˜ ÐCunningham€testified€at€the€post„conviction€hearing€that,€as€a€youth,€the€petitioner€was€kidnappedÐ 4„ Ðby€his€father,€witnessed€his€father€shoot€at€his€mother,€and€watched€his€father€abuse€his€mother.€€SheÐ  p Ðtestified€that€the€petitioner€became€withdrawn€and€developed€an€explosive€temper€as€a€result€of€theÐ  \ Ðhis€difficult€childhood.€€The€petitioner€contends€that€the€trial€court€would€have€further€mitigated€hisÐ øH Ðsentences€if€this€evidence€had€been€introduced€at€the€sentencing€hearing.Ð ä4 ÐÌà  àà ` àWe€note€thatÐ ¼  Ðà8  àà8` Ð Ð à[t]he€trial€judge€had€no€discretion€as€to€the€first€degree€murderÐ ¨ø Ðconviction€as€life€imprisonment€was€the€only€possible€punishmentÐ ”ä Ðdue€to€the€[petitionerððs]€age.€€The€range€of€punishment€for€attemptedÐ €Ð Ðfirst€degree€murder€as€a€Standard€Offender€is€a€minimum€of€fifteenÐ l¼ Ð(15)€years€and€a€maximum€of€twenty„five€(25)€years.€€The€trial€judgeÐ X ¨ Ðsentenced€the€[petitioner]€in€the€middle€of€the€range.€€òòÐD!”` x` x ÐRobertsóó,€No.€01C01„9603„CC„00082,€1997€WL€34425,€at€*3.€€The€trial€court€enhanced€theÐ 0"€  Ðpetitionerððs€sentence€because€ð ðthe€victimððs€personal€injuries€from€the€stab€wound€were€particularlyÐ #l! Ðgreat,ðð€and€ð ðthe€[petitioner]€employed€a€deadly€weapon€during€the€commission€of€the€offense.ðð€€òòId.óó;Ð $X" Ðòòsee€alsoóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„114(6)€and€(9)€(1997).€€The€trial€court€further€applied€theÐ ô$D # Ðfollowing€mitigating€factors€to€the€petitionerððs€sentence:€(3)€substantial€grounds€existed€tending€toÐ à%0!$ Ðexcuse€or€justify€the€petitionerððs€criminal€conduct,€though€failing€to€establish€a€defense;€(6)€theÐ Ì&"% Ðpetitioner,€because€of€his€youth,€lacked€substantial€judgment€in€committing€the€offense;€and€(8)€theÐ ¸'#& Ðpetitioner€was€suffering€from€a€mental€condition€that€significantly€reduced€his€culpability.€€òòId.óó;€òòseeÐ ¤(ô#' Ðalsoóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„113€(1997).€€Applying€these€enhancement€and€mitigating€factors,€theÐ )à$( Ðtrial€court€sentenced€the€petitioner€to€twenty€years€incarceration€for€attempted€first€degree€murder.€Ð |*Ì%) ÐòòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„11„117(a)(2)€(1997);€40„35„112(a)(1)€(1997).€€Ð h+¸&* Їà  àà ` àGiven€the€extremely€violent€nature€of€the€petitionerððs€crimes€and€the€fact€that€theÐ ° Ðpetitioner€did€not€dispute€his€guilt€of€those€crimes,€the€petitioner€has€failed€to€show€how€additionalÐ œì Ðinformation€regarding€his€childhood€would€have€provided€a€basis€for€further€mitigation.€€The€trialÐ ˆØ Ðcourt€considered€the€petitionerððs€youth,€his€lack€of€judgment,€and€a€mental€condition€thatÐ tÄ Ðsignificantly€reduced€his€culpability.€€There€is€no€evidence€that,€had€additional€testimony€beenÐ `° Ðpresented,€the€result€of€the€proceeding€would€have€been€different.€€Accordingly,€we€find€that€theÐ L œ Ðpetitioner€has€failed€to€establish€that€his€trial€counsel€was€ineffective.€€Even€if€trial€counsel€wasÐ 8 ˆ Ðineffective€at€the€sentencing€phase,€the€petitioner€has€nevertheless€failed€to€demonstrate€how€thisÐ $ t Ðfailure€prejudiced€him.€òòSeeóó€òòGoadóó,€938€S.W.2d€at€370.Ð  ` ÐÌà@MM"ìàòòò òIII.€€ConclusionˆÐ è 8  Ðà  àà ` àóóó óBased€upon€the€foregoing,€we€affirm€the€judgment€of€the€post„conviction€court.Ð Ô$  ÐÌà  àà ` àÌÌÌÌà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à___________________________________€Ð \¬ Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àNORMA€McGEE€OGLE,€JUDGE