WPC_  Ci>A/x I[0koֲ9#u9BILUլ H^"73$[룱a &|X<&w^֌ę♣_` 񔉤7+ nr/n$ғ%O'O/A?.CSS؃X^a"p6q֊VX;I26n<>?_+n,t5 aAc WnT R7O< gf/7f>f;p}iO'7/o|aҵ=*鰦enÁNn2 _r2T1Jʮj}/֭:`:^@xIBQAf3-Td~LoK:?asXɆv Ѭl۫s t RXU4~(!G{ؤ1f[ DjoV̝2!i5)# >UNI % 0(U:U:w@94y 0D 0l 0DL))U:               AQ$ u 0D; B 0D D/ B D3, HP LaserJet 4SiHPPCL5MS,,,,,,0nLl(hH  Z 6Times New Roman RegularX($,  AZ"Arial Regular,cAZ"Arial Regular  DDDPEP  U E Ӏ n~<$3|x(3$ !  ((3$ !      0  (#$  0   8    `   1    PresidingJudgeJoeB.JonesauthoredthisCourtsoriginalopinion.JudgeJonesis  nowdeceased;therefore,onlytwojudgesparticipatedinthisopinion.  !"  XXXXXX   Ad FILEDXX   November25,1998  CecilCrowson,Jr.XXAppellateCourtClerk ,cAZ"Arial Regular ! #%C<< CLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(3$ !   d($$   1  ''' dxdP Pd""""'dxd !   8XXXXTR[A' Legal3'A' Legal3'T   r(<,(j 8` `@EF` ttx$~ r   t(>.*jx` `@EI` ttx$Q[ m tߛXXXX@ T INTHECOURTOFCRIMINALAPPEALSOFTENNESSEE  @(TATJACKSONSTATEOFTENNESSEE, @33-T)  Z @33-T) p NO.02C019608CR00280   F   ` Appellee,@33-T)  2  @33-T) p SHELBYCOUNTY     VS. @33-T)   @33-T) p HON.CHRISCRAFT,   ALVINROBINSON,JR., @33-T) p JUDGE    @33-T) ` Appellant.@33-T) p (FirstDegreeMurder) ^ ̜@ T UPONREMANDFROMTHESUPREMECOURTOFTENNESSEE  F (  @##(Ҝ FORTHEAPPELLANT:  ̜A.C.WHARTON ShelbyCountyPublicDefender  j W.MARKWARD̜BETTYTHOMAS  ( x AssistantPublicDefenders̜201PoplarAvenue,Ste.201Memphis,TN381031947 "0! М FORTHEAPPELLEE: $ JOHNKNOXWALKUP  ~& AttorneyGeneralandReporter WILLIAMDAVIDBRIDGERS  6) AssistantAttorneyGeneral̜CordellHullBuilding,2ndFloor425FifthAvenueNorthNashville,TN372430493 WILLIAML.GIBBONS  $/ DistrictAttorneyGeneral JERRYR.KITCHEN  X'"2 AssistantDistrictAttorneyGeneral̜201PoplarAvenue,Ste.301Memphis,TN381031947 *F&6 (  @(̜ OPINIONFILED:򀀀 Z0+: AFFIRMED̜JOEG.RILEY,JUDGE  83C  #XXXX:#7<XdXXd7@'T OPINION   ` ThispremeditatedfirstdegreemurdercaseisagainbeforethisCourtfor t reconsiderationfollowingremandfromtheSupremeCourtofTennesseeinlightof @  Statev.WillieWilliams,___S.W.2d___(Tenn.1998).Thesoleissueuponremand  \ iswhetherthefailureofthetrialcourttochargethelesseroffenseofcriminallynegligenthomicidewasharmlesserror.WeconcludethatWilliamsisdispositiveand   findharmlesserror.Therefore,weaffirmthejudgmentofthetrialcourt.@$T PROCEDURALHISTORY  X  ` Defendant,AlvinRobinson,Jr.,wasconvictedbyaShelbyCountyjuryofpremeditatedfirstdegreemurderandsentencedtolifeimprisonmentwithoutthepossibilityofparole.InhisoriginalappealtothisCourt,defendantpresentedtwoissuesforourreview:(1)whethertheevidencewassufficienttosupporttheconviction,and(2)whetherthetrialcourterredinfailingtoproperlyinstructthejury.ThisCourtconcludedthetrialcourterredinfailingtoinstructonthelesseroffenseofcriminallynegligenthomicideandremandedforanewtrial.Theotherissuesraisedonappealbythedefendantwerefoundtobewithoutmerit.SeeStatev.Alvin @$# Robinson,Jr.,C.C.A.No.02C019608CR00280,ShelbyCounty(Tenn.Crim.App. &`!% filedDecember3,1997,atJackson). ` TheSupremeCourtofTennesseegrantedpermissiontoappealandremandedtothisCourt forreconsiderationinlightof...Statev.WillieWilliams,___ t+&+ S.W.2d___(Tenn.1998).𛀀Statev.AlvinRobinson,Jr.,No.02C019608CR00280, @-(- ShelbyCounty(Tenn.filedNovember9,1998,atJackson).@  +T FACTS  2-3  ` Theessentialfactsofthehomicideweresetforthinouroriginalopinion.XXXX̜   905; Л8 ` 8 ` H!` H!  Thedefendantarrangedtohavethevictim,CharlesMoore,repairhiscarattheOvertonCrossingCarCenter.Thedefendantoriginallysoughttohaveanacquaintance,JohnMuse,dotherepairworkbutultimatelydecidedMuse'sestimatewastoohigh.Aftertherepairworkhadbeencompleted,thedefendantcomplainedseveraltimestoMusethathedidnotbelievethevictimhadrepairedhiscarproperly,andhesuspectedthevictimhadnotinstalledpartsthedefendanthadpurchasedfromAutoZoneforthevehicle.    8 ` 8 ` H!` H!  InFebruaryof1994,thedefendanthadanargumentwiththevictimoverthe$200.00thedefendanthadpaidtohavethecarrepaired.Duringthisargumentthedefendant"slappedaround"thevictimwithatelephone.RogerMiller,thelessorofthegarage,arrangedforameetingbetweenthedefendantandthevictimfollowingthisincidentsotheycouldresolvethedispute.Millertestifiedthatafterthemeetinghethoughtthetwomenhadreachedanagreement.Thedefendantdeniesthatthisaltercationevertookplace.    8 ` 8 ` H!` H!  Atapproximately2:00p.m.onMarch15,1994,thedefendantvisitedMusebecausehiscarhadstalledseveraltimesthatday.Museinformedthedefendantthatheneededtohavethecarfixedproperly.ThedefendantstatedhewaseithergoingtogethismoneyandhispartsbackfromthevictimsoMusecouldrepairthecarproperlyor"hewasgoingtokilltheS-O-Bandgetitoverwith...[because]hewastiredofmessingwithhim."Museobservedthatthedefendanthadapistolinhisbackpocket.Thedefendantstatedhealwayscarriedapistolwithhimforprotection;however,hedeniedthreateningtokillthevictimifhismoneywasnotreturned.    8 ` 8 ` H!` H!  Atapproximately4:00p.m.,thedefendantarrivedattheOvertonCrossingCarCenter,whereboththevictimandSteveKuehner,or"Smut,"wereworking.Thedefendantcalmlyaskedthevictimforhis$200.00.Whenthevictimsaidhedidnothavethemoney,thedefendantpulledouthisgunandshotthevictimonceinthechest.ThedefendanttoldKuehner,"whenthecopscometellthemsomebigwhiteguydoneit."Witnessestestifiedthedefendantdroveawayimmediatelyaftertheshotwasfired.Asthedefendantleftthescene,hetoldKuehner"youbetternotsayanything.I'llgetmybuddiesonyou."    8 ` 8 ` H!` H!  Severalminuteslater,thedefendantcalledthegarageandaskedMiller"whatwasup."WhenMillerrelatedthatthevictimhadbeenshot,thedefendantasked"well,ishedead?"WhenMillersaidhebelievedthevictimwasalive,thedefendantsaid"Damn,IthoughtIkilledthem///--f///--."Thevictimdiedwithinafewminutes.Thecauseofdeathwasagunshotwoundtothechestandabdomenwithinternalbleeding.Thevictimwasshotfrommorethantwofeetaway.Priortotrial,thedefendantcalledMillerandtoldhimtoconvinceKuehnernottotestifyor"somebodyontheoutside...couldtakecareofSmut[Kuehner]ifhedid."95;   Ї8 ` 8 ` H!` H!  Thedefendantdisputestheotherwitnesses'descriptionofthemurder.񛀛    Л    Л8p  8p   p Accordingtothedefendant,whenhearrivedatthegarageandaskedthevictimforthe$200.00,thevictimstatedanothercustomerwouldbearrivingshortlytopayhimandthismoneywouldbeusedtoreimbursethedefendant.Thedefendanttestifiedthatwhilehewaswaitingforthecustomertoarrive,thevictimaskedthedefendantifhecouldborrowsomemoney.Thetwomenargued,andthedefendantstatedthevictimaskedKuehnertoretrieveashotgunfromabackroom.Whileretreatingfromthevictim,thedefendantslipped,and,ashewasgettingup,heobservedKuehnerheadingtowardstheroomwheretheshotgunwaskept.Thevictimwasapproachingthedefendantwithamonkeywrenchinhishand.Thedefendanttestifiedhewasafraidofthevictimbecausehehadoverheardthevictimthreateningtoshootothercustomersandhisownwifeinthepast.Thedefendanttestifiedhepulledhisguntoscarethevictimanditaccidentallydischarged.HetoldKuehner,"manIdidn'tmeantodoit[shootthevictim]."AfterarguingwithKuehneraboutwhattodonext,thedefendanttestifiedhepanickedandfledthescene.Hefeltnoonewouldbelievehisversionofwhatoccurredbecausehehadshotawhiteman.Thedefendantstatedhefledfromthegarageabouttenminutesaftertheshooting.HedeniedtellingKuehnertogivethepolicefalseinformation,callingMilleraftertheshooting,threateningKuehnernottotestify,ortellingMillertoconvinceKuehnernottotestify.    8 ` 8 ` H!` H!  Twodefenseexpertstestifiedregardingthedefendant'smentalstate.Dr.Littletestifiedthedefendantwasnotretardedorpsychotic,hehadgoodcontactwithreality,andhadgoodintellectualskills.Healsotestifiedthedefendanthadsignificantpersonalityproblems,wasaggressive,andwasmanipulative,particularlywhenitplacedhiminabetterlight.Dr.Littlefoundthedefendantsufferedfromdepressionbroughtonbyseverepsychologicalstressors,andmadeatentativediagnosisofintermittentexplosivedisorder.Dr.Littlestatedhehadnodoubtthedefendantcouldhavepremeditatedmurder,althoughitwaspossiblethemurderwascommittedonimpulse.Dr.Hutson,whoalsotestifiedforthedefense,statedthatthedefendantwasabletoappreciatewrongfulnessandwascapableofpremeditation.    #XXXX#Ԁ -n(- Ӝ̛@ T FAILURETOCHARGELESSEROFFENSE  0,1  ` Thetrialcourtchargedtheindictedoffenseofpremeditatedfirstdegreemurderaswellasthelesseroffensesofseconddegreemurderandvoluntarymanslaughter.Althoughthedefendantalsorequestedthejurybechargedasto 95; criminallynegligenthomicide,thetrialcourtrefused.ThisCourtintheoriginalappealheldthattherewassufficientevidencetojustifyajurychargeoncriminallynegligenthomicide;therefore,wereversedandremandedforanewtrial.̜@%T STATEV.WILLIAMS   0  ` TheSupremeCourtinWilliamsconcludedthattheerroneousfailuretoinstruct   onalesseroffenseissubjecttoharmlesserroranalysis.___S.W.2dat_____.TheCourtfurtherconcludedthatthefailuretoinstructastovoluntarymanslaughterwasharmlesserrorbecausethejurywasinstructedastothelesser included offenseofseconddegreemurderbutconvictedthedefendantofthegreaterchargedoffenseofpremeditatedfirstdegreemurder.Id.at____.   ` TheaboveholdinginWilliamsisdispositiveofthisappeal.Inthecasesub L judicethejurywasinstructedastopremeditatedfirstdegreemurderandthelesser l offensesofseconddegreemurderandvoluntarymanslaughter.Thejuryconvictedthedefendantofpremeditatedfirstdegreemurderinspiteoftheotherchargedoffenses.UndertheholdingofWilliams,thefailuretochargethelesseroffenseof !  criminallynegligenthomicidewasharmlesserror.̜@(T CONCLUSION  &8"&  ` InlightofStatev.Williamsandafteracarefulreviewoftherecord,the *%* judgmentofthetrialcourtisaffirmed.   %  1       X,', М   `  `  `  `  `  `  `                     :617   `     h      p _____________________________̜ `     `     h      p JOEG.RILEY,JUDGE  CONCUR: _________________________________  2   DAVIDH.WELLES,JUDGE