WPC%= b[cqBHThOO? -۱Q[ȃAjUI54"r3`IW\r8i3!0 h,N21*~; < h}r+a )8J*y}n[K% nv>)~*%]iapi}=dS/mئwPKiay]})d9)k-s&nt=O cq1\7ȩ1u`j9qE-(Yb %\^ b 0nU.NwD4H\ zk m #   m 3  UNN ( 0D7E{ 0} 0qb 0j 0X 0C 0+ 0 0 0 0 0 0n 0J 0# 0 0 0 0i 03 0! 0! 0"b# 0# 0$ 0T% 0#& 0& 00' 0<' 0$( 0>( 0v ) 0`) 0`) 0`V* 0`* 0`+ 08v+ 0+ 02, 0, 0:- 0Y- 0_A. 0 . 0j/ 01 B*2 D/2 02 D/u4 04 06r5 05 0:6 0^6 0<H7 07U6o8U>8U*8 B 9 9 0*9 D39 D-: 0K.:.: ASy:: 0; 0D6< Az<FU-s (`$.8dd8    ("  Z6Times New Roman RegularPH,3|x C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wptUHP LaserJet 4000 Series PCL 6,,,,0   сLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(9 Z6Times New Roman Regular  R+$      1    _ԀThejudgeinformedpetitionerduringthepleacolloquythatapossiblesentenceforafirstdegreemurder  convictionisthedeathpenalty.(#$  0  2J+M 0_level1  X 2( ` hp x 223  ..  5+ ` hp x 5  2G+M 0_level2   /%` ` hp x /23  ..  5+ ` hp x 5   2D+M 0_level3   ," hp x ,23  ..  5+ ` hp x 5  2A+M 0_level4  ` ) hp x )23  ..  5+ ` hp x 5  2>+M 0_level5   &hhp x &23  ..  5+ ` hp x 5  2;+M 0_level6   #p x #23  ..  5+ ` hp x 5  28+M 0_level7  h  p x 23  ..  5+ ` hp x 5  25+M 0_level8   pp x 23  ..  5+ ` hp x 5  22+M 0_level9    x 23  ..  5+ ` hp x 5  2JM 0_levsl1  X 2( ` hp x 223  Ԁ  5+ ` hp x 5  2GM 0_levsl2   /%` ` hp x /23  Ԁ  5+ ` hp x 5  2DM 0_levsl3   ," hp x ,23  Ԁ  5+ ` hp x 5  2AM 0_levsl4  ` ) hp x )23  Ԁ  5+ ` hp x 5  2>M 0_levsl5   &hhp x &23  Ԁ  5+ ` hp x 5  2;M 0_levsl6   #p x #23  Ԁ  5+ ` hp x 5  28M 0_levsl7  h  p x 23  Ԁ  5+ ` hp x 5  25M 0_levsl8   pp x 23  Ԁ  5+ ` hp x 5  22M 0_levsl9    x 23  Ԁ  5+ ` hp x 5  2JM 0_levnl1  X 2( ` hp x 223   5+ ` hp x 5  2GM 0_levnl2   /%` ` hp x /23   5+ ` hp x 5  2DM 0_levnl3   ," hp x ,23   5+ ` hp x 5  2AM 0_levnl4  ` ) hp x )23   5+ ` hp x 5  - -2>M 0_levnl5   &hhp x &23   5+ ` hp x 5  2;M 0_levnl6   #p x #23   5+ ` hp x 5  28M 0_levnl7  h  p x 23   5+ ` hp x 5  25M 0_levnl8   pp x 23   5+ ` hp x 5  22M 0_levnl9    x 23   5+ ` hp x 5  0.Normal<:Definition T<AA:Definition L , 5+ ` hp x 5  5+ ` hp x 586Definition(''&H1      XXX(&H2  XXX(&H3  XXX(&H4 XXX XXX(&H5  XXX(&H6  XXX20Address8MM6Blockquote , , 5+ ` hp x 5   5+ ` hp x 5,*CITE,dl*CODEKS<6X9`(Courier NewKXXXST\  `&Times New RomanS42Emphasis64Hyperlink    <:FollowedHype    4go2Keyboard KS<6X9`(Courier NewK XXXST\  `&Times New RomanS<:Preformatted/%  ,Kk %#/KS<6X9`(Courier NewKXXXST\  `&Times New RomanS/%  ,Kk %#/<:zBottom of 7I(X7  ?U%2A`Arial?7Z(X7  XXXST\  `&Times New RomanS&  d dH)1dxd<:zTop of For7K(X7  ?U%2A`Arial?7Z(X7  XXXST\  `&Times New RomanSH)2dxd0KS.SampleKS<6X9`(Courier NewKST\  `&Times New RomanS0.Strong 8dl6TypewriterKS<6X9`(Courier NewKXXXST\  `&Times New RomanS42Variable: 8HTML MarkupB      2 0CommentB  (|G2+$ !.8 edd8         0  <6X9`(Courier New\  `&Times New Roman%2A`Arial d(|3h$ !.8 edd8     VVVV'dxd)!dxdx( $ Figure  1  ^_X`YE<<CLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(|3h$ !.8 edd8     ($$   1  X[Z&OLE 2.0 Box <=8C HKKKK !.8 edd8     _    e8CXXdd8 Oa@tt eINTHECOURTOFCRIMINALAPPEALSOFTENNESSEE  @kk$ATNASHVILLE# e#Ԉ &    @ March12,2002Session L XCX e # eXXC#FREDERICKJ.ROBINSONv.STATEOFTENNESSEEXCX e  J @@ DirectAppealfromtheCriminalCourtforDavidsonCounty  J @@No.99A403CherylBlackburn,Judge  6 @@*AV) ` dE<` A   @@TTNo.M200102018CCAR3PCFiledOctober21,_2002_   AV) ` dE<|` A }     In1999,petitionerpledguiltytothreecountsoffirstdegreepremeditatedmurderandreceivedthree x  concurrentlifesentenceswithoutpossibilityofparole.Petitionernowappealsfromthedenialofhis d postconvictionreliefpetition,contendingthathispleawasnotmadeknowinglyandvoluntarilyand P thathehadbeendeniedtheeffectiveassistanceofcounsel.Weaffirmthepostconvictioncourts < denialofpostconvictionrelief. (x  Tenn.R.App.P.3AppealasofRight;JudgmentoftheCriminalCourtAffirmed  P   # eXCٖ#XCX. eJohnEverettWilliams,J.,deliveredtheopinionofthecourt,inwhichJoeG.RileyandThomas ( T._Woodall_,JJ.,joined.  KathleenG.Morris,Nashville,Tennessee,fortheappellant,FrederickJ.Robinson.  PaulG.Summers,AttorneyGeneralandReporter;HelenaWalton_Yarbrough_,AssistantAttorney t General;VictorS.(_Torry_)JohnsonIII,DistrictAttorneyGeneral;SharonL._Brox_ԀandRogerD. ` Moore,AssistantDistrictAttorneysGeneral,fortheappellee,StateofTennessee. L  m@@OO& OPINION # eXXCٜ#XCX e #`"      Facts  $8 $ 9  X  OnJuly3,1998,petitioner,FrederickJ.Robinson,wasarrestedforthemurderofthree &"& people.Hewasindictedonthreecountsofmurderinthefirstdegree,sixalternativecountsoffelony '"' murder,andonecountofaggravatedburglary . Later,defensecounselrequestedthatpetitionerbe (#( referredtoVanderbiltForensicPsychiatryforamentalhealthforensicevaluation,pursuantto )$) TennesseeCodeAnnotatedsections337301(a)and371128andthestandardprovidedby t*%* TennesseeCodeAnnotatedsection# eXXC #XCX e3911501(Pub.Ch.494).TheForensicCoordinatorat `+&+ Vanderbilt,afterexaminingpetitioner,gavetheopinionthatpetitionerwasnotexhibitingamental L,', illnessastoimpairhiscapacitytoappreciatethewrongfulnessofhisacts.Additionally,theygave 8-(- _theopinionthatpetitionerunderstoodthenatureofthelegalprocessandwasabletoadvisehis  counselandparticipateinhisdefense.On June17,1999,hepledguiltytothreecountsoffirst  degreepremeditatedmurder.Pursuanttothepleaagreement,petitionerwassentencedtothree  concurrentlifesentenceswithoutthepossibilityofparole. #  1      ׀P# eXXC$#XCX eetitionersubsequentlysoughtpost x convictionrelief,claiminghispleahadnotbeenenteredintoknowinglyandthathehadbeendenied d theeffectiveassistanceofcounsel.Postconvictionreliefwasdenied.Petitionerappealstothis P  Court,raisingtwoissues: <   X X X$,XX$0 4  (1)Whetherthetrialcourterredinfindingthattheappellantsguiltypleawasmade ( x knowingly,voluntarily,andunderstandingly;and d4 4  0 4  (2)Whetherthetrialcourterredinfindingthattheappellantsattorneysprovided  P  effectiveassistanceofcounselinlightoftheirfailuretoobtainacomplete  <  psychologicalevaluationandtheirrelianceona forensicevaluationconducted (  afterthearrest.  4 4    PostConvictionHearing    X7 XE X)   Atthepostconvictionhearing,petitionerpresentedanexpertforensicpsychologist who t testifiedthatshemetwithpetitioneronthreeoccasionsinpreparationforthepostconviction d hearing,aswellasreviewingpastpsychologicalevaluations,includingtheevaluationdoneby P Vanderbilt.SheindicatedtheVanderbiltexaminationwaslimitedtoa minimentalstatus < evaluation. Additionally,sheindicatedthatpetitionersconditionwouldmakeitmoredifficultto (x fullyunderstandtheramificationsofthepleaagreement. Sheopinedthatthe psychoticsymptoms h andpsychiatricmedicationtakenbypetitionerwouldhaveanegativeimpactuponpetitionermaking X aknowingplea.  D  0  Oncrossexamination,theexpertindicatedthatpetitionerdidunderstandwhatthedeath  penaltywas.Shealsotestifiedthatshehadnoreasontodoubttheabilitiesofoneofpetitionerstrial  counselcounsel#2(althoughshedidstateshewasunfamiliarwiththeothercounselcounsel#1).    Additionally,shetestifiedthatVanderbilthadreporteddoubtsastowhetherpetitionerspsychosis  wasrealorwhetherpetitionerwasonlymalingering.   l  Trialcounsel#1testifiedthathehadbeenapublicdefenderfortwelveyears.Indiscussing X! hisactsduringthepreparationforthepleaagreement,hestatedhehadrequestedalltheStates D"  recordsandthatanyrecordsnotreceived,hehaddeemedirrelevant.Hehadrequestedamental 0#! evaluationatVanderbilt,ashewasawareofpetitionerspastmentalhistory.Hehaddiscussedthe $l" casefullywithpetitioneratseveralstages,hadarrangedforafamilyvisittoallowpetitionerto %X # furtherdiscusstheramificationsoftheplea,hadreadthepleaagreementtopetitionerandexplained %D!$ itinfulltohim,aswellasaskingandconfirmingfrompetitionerthatheunderstoodit,andhad &0"% discussedenhancementandmitigationfactorsinvolvedinthesentencingpossibilitiesofpetitioner. '#& Furthermore,trialcounsel#1testifiedthathedidnotordertestsinadditiontotheVanderbilt ($'  Oa      examinationbecauseitdidnotappeartohimthattherewasanythingwrongwiththeexam andthat  hisprimaryconcernwasmakingsurepetitionerknewwhathewasdoingandwasawareofallthe  risksinvolved.   x Trialcounsel#2testifiedthathestoodwithpetitioneratthepleahearingbecausetrial d counsel#1wasunabletobepresent.Hetestifiedhecouldnotrecallhisdiscussionswithpetitioner P  butthathewasawarethattrialcounsel#1hadgoneoveralltheplearamificationswithpetitioner. <  Healsotestifiedthathehad25yearsexperienceasapublicdefender,thatmentalhealthlawwashis ( x subspecialty,andthat,inhisopinion,petitionermadeaknowingandunderstandingplea.   d   P   Petitionertestifiedatthepostconvictionhearingthathehadbeenunabletounderstandhis  <  lawyersandthatheneededthingstobe morebrokendownwhenexplainedtohim.Hetestified (  hehadbeenonpsychotropicmedicationduringthepleaagreementsanddiscussions.Hestatedhe   wasunaware whyhewaseveninprisonafterthepleahearinguntilanotherinmateexplainedto   himwhathadhappenedby breakingitdownforhim.Hestatedthathedidunderstandthatifhis   pleawassetasideandhewenttotrialandwasconvicted,hecouldpossiblyreceiveadeathsentence.    ( X,XS( t  X  StandardofReview `  XI'W' # eXXCٱ#XCX eTXCXXXC L #XCXXTXC'## eXXC'#XCX eXCXXXC 4 Petitionerbearstheburdenofprovingthefactualallegationsthatwouldentitlepetitionerto  p reliefbyclearandconvincingevidence.Tenn.CodeAnn.40-30-210(f).Wereviewthepost  \ convictioncourtsfactualfindingsunderlyingaclaimofineffectiveassistanceofcounselundera H denovostandardwithapresumptionthatthosefindingsarecorrect!unlessthepreponderanceof 4 theevidenceestablishesotherwise.Statev.Burns,6S.W.3d453,461(Tenn.1999).However,the   postconvictioncourtsconclusionsoflaw!suchaswhethercounselsperformancewasdeficient   orwhetherthatdeficiencywasprejudicial!arereviewedunderadenovostandardwithno  presumptionofcorrectness.Fieldsv.State,40S.W.3d450,457(Tenn.2001).#XCXXXCي(## eXXCk(#XCX e    Where,ashere,petitionerseekstovitiateaconvictionduetoineffectiveassistanceof l counsel,petitionermustestablishbyclearandconvincingevidencethattheservicesrenderedby X  counselwereoutsidetherangeofcompetenceofanattorneyandthatsuchincompetencehadan D! actualprejudicialeffectontheoutcomeofthecase. Stricklandv.Washington,466U.S.669,693, 0"  104S.Ct.2052,2067,80L.Ed.2d674,697(1984);Baxterv.Rose,523S.W.2d930,936(Tenn.  #p! 1975).   $\"  $H #  X  Involuntary,UnknowingGuiltyPlea %4!$ / X/ & "%  Petitionerfirstallegesthathisguiltypleawasmadewithoutfullknowledgeofallthe ' #& ramificationsoftheplea.Absentthisfullknowledge,petitionerclaimshispleawasinvoluntaryand (#' shouldthereforebesetaside.Aguiltypleamustbeenteredintoknowinglyandvoluntarily.Boykin )$( v.Alabama,395U.S.238,243,89S.Ct.1709,1712,23L.Ed.2d274(1969).Suchaplearequires *%) theintentionalrelinquishmentofknownrights.Statev.Mackey,553S.W.2d337,340(Tenn. l+&* 1977).Petitionerfailedtomeethisburdenofconvincingthepostconvictioncourtbyclearand  convincingevidencethatthepleawasunknowingandinvoluntary.XCXXXCԀTenn.CodeAnn.  40-30-210(f)#XCXXXC23## eXXC,#XCX e.Onappeal,petitionermustdemonstratewhytheevidencecontainedintherecord  preponderatesagainstthefindingsofthetrialjudge.Henleyv.State,at578579.  t  `  Atthehearingtoacceptpetitionersguiltyplea,thetrialjudgeaskedpetitioneranumberof L  questionstohelpascertainwhetherthiswasavoluntaryplea.Importantly,whenthetrialjudge 8  askedpetitionerifheunderstoodhewaspleadingguiltytofirstdegreemurderwithasentenceoflife $ t withoutthepossibilityofparole,petitioneranswered, Yesmaam. Thetrialjudgeaskedpetitioner  ` ifhistrialcounseldiscussedallpossiblepunishmentspossibleforajuryconviction,towhich  P  petitioneranswered, Yes,theydid. WhenaskedifhiscounselhadgoneoverwhattheStatewould  <  havetoproveattrialtoconvicthim,petitioneranswered, Yes,theydid.Thetrialjudgealsoasked ,  petitionerifhehadbeenmadeawareofallhisrights, towhichpetitionerindicatedthathehadbeen.        Additionally,petitionerclaimsatthetimeheenteredhisguiltypleahewastakingmedication   toaddresshismentalproblems,thathehadfailedtotakethemedicationonthedayheenteredthe     plea,andthat,asaresult,hedidnothavethecapacitytoknowinglypleadguilty.Duringtheplea | hearing,thetrialjudgeaskedpetitionerwhetherhehadtakenhismedication,towhichpetitioner h indicatedhehadnot.However,thetrialjudgefurtheraskedpetitionerwhetherhisfailuretotakehis T medicationthatdaywashavinganyeffectonhisunderstandingoftheproceedings,towhich @ petitioneranswered, Nomaam.Petitionerpresentedevidenceatthepostconvictionhearingin ,| theformofanexpertwitnessinforensicneuropsychologywhoindicatedthatifpetitionerdidforget h hismedicationonthedayinquestion,itmightraiseanissueastothevoluntarinessoftheplea T (emphasisadded).Thetrialcourtfoundnomeritintheinvoluntarinessclaim.Thecourtfoundthe @ demeanorofpetitioneratthesubmissionhearingconfirmsthathewasfullyawareofwhathewas , doingwhenheenteredhisguiltypleas,andthathehadtherequisitementalcapacitytoentertheplea  andwaivehisrights.    Moreover,thesameexpertsforensicreportindicatesthatanymentalimpairmentofthis  petitioner doesnotappearsufficienttorender(defendant)unabletograsplegalproceedingsorto x assisthiscounsel.Thepostconvictionjudge,whoalsopresidedoverthepleahearing,wasable d  towitnesspetitionerfirsthandincourtandmadethedeterminationthatpetitionersdemeanorwas P! articulateandresponsiveandthatpetitionerpresentednoevidencetopreponderateagainstthis <"  finding.Basedonhisanswerstoquestionsandthecourtsownobservationsofpetitioners (#x! demeanor,thecourtfoundtheinvoluntarypleaclaimwaswithoutmerit.# eXXC3#XCX e $d"  ` Petitioneralsocontendshewasnotkeptadequatelyinformedofallthelegalproceedingsby %