WPC&  ayM w.^vMa\+ۼ>G<V܅G$'-2bHl͐0D%`q kKĹAGWQafz\vYA e#.qdlJk?Mdq<3~{ůk8YJȘ[1Ifg|Bze,m [X%׻⳺?½64 14)TB~ n2ܙ\ג&hER;s y${wa$brAnʢZH*Zrp$.I"b+ř]|̾E,{EY\ϴ h/h' \pW#UNN % 0:U N U>_ ^ w 4   m  0~ 0Do o o 0 0~Q 0 Ek 0m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m B HP LaserJet 4000 Series PCL 6,,,,0(9 Z6Times New Roman RegularX($USUS.,("  Z6Times New Roman Regular\  `&Times New Roman-s |,t3|xU (.(3($ !USUS.,      0  (#$  0  64 '4Heading 1XXX        6$$ 4Body TextXXX    <00 :Body Text I1 P XXX     P <00 :Body Text In X XXX     X  d !USUS.,  _X@XXX   DXX@8@XXdd8р#X@XDt#HXX@INTHECOURTOFCRIMINALAPPEALSOFTENNESSEE  @kk$ATNASHVILLE#X@XH#DXX@Ԉ &    @  @` AssignedonBriefsDecember18,2001 L #X@XD# DXX@STATEOFTENNESSEEv.ANDREWB.SIMPKINS#X@XDV#  J @@ DirectAppealfromtheCircuitCourtforMontgomeryCounty  J @@No.40631JohnH.Gasaway,III,Judge  6 @@*AV) ` dE<` A   @@TTNo.M200101737CCAR3CDFiledAugust15,_2002_   AV) ` dE<|` A }     #X@XXX@=#X@XXX@AMontgomeryCountyjuryconvictedtheDefendantofonecountofcriminalattempttocommitfirst x  degreemurderandonecountofpossessionofaprohibitedweapon.TheDefendantnowappeals, d assertingthattheevidencewasinsufficienttosupporthisconvictions.Afterreviewingtherecord, P wefindnoerrorandthusaffirmthejudgmentsofthetrialcourt. < #X@XXX@#X@XXX@ Tenn.R.App.P.3AppealasofRight;JudgmentsoftheCircuitCourtAffirmed  d   RobertW.Wedemeyer,J.,deliveredtheopinionofthecourt,inwhichJosephM.Tiptonand < ThomasT.Woodall,JJ.,joined. ( JeffryS.Grimes,Clarksville,Tennessee,fortheAppellant,AndrewB.Simpkins.  PaulG.Summers,AttorneyGeneralandReporter;ReneeW.Turner,AssistantAttorneyGeneral;  JohnW.Carney,Jr.,DistrictAttorneyGeneral;andHelenO.Young,AssistantDistrictAttorney t General,fortheAppellee,StateofTennessee. ` @@OO& OPINION  8!    #X@XXX@#  TheMontgomeryCountyGrandJuryindictedtheDefendant,AndrewSimpkins,forone #`" countofcriminalattempttocommitfirstdegreemurderandforonecountofpossessionofa #L# prohibitedweapon.Followingajurytrial,theDefendantwasconvictedonbothcountsinthe $8 $ indictment.ThetrialcourtsentencedtheDefendanttotwentyfiveyearsforthecriminalattemptto %$!% commitfirstdegreemurderconvictionandtotwoyearsforthepossessionofaprohibitedweapon &"& conviction.Thecourtorderedthatthesentencesbeservedconcurrently.TheDefendant '"' subsequentlyfiledamotionfornewtrial,whichthetrialcourtdenied.Onappeal,theDefendant (#( nowchallengesthesufficiencyoftheconvictingevidence.Weconcludethattheevidenceis )$) sufficienttosupporttheconvictionsandaffirmthejudgmentsofthetrialcourt. p*%*    `     h    \+&+ X@XXX@X@XXX@X@XXX@X@XXX@      &    I.FACTS'w@@*  _Ԍ  Ќ  X@XXX@  __ XTheDefendant,aninfantrysoldierintheUnitedStatesArmy,methisgirlfriend,Genevieve  _Soler_,atafairinJune1998.InJuly,thetwobegandating.Shortlythereafter,_Soler_Ԁtoldthe  Defendantthatherexboyfriend,JesseLopez,alongwithtwoofhisfriends,hadrapedherataparty. t _Soler_ԀtoldtheDefendantthatshewasintoxicatedanddidnotremembermuchoftheallegedrape. ` Overthenextfewmonths,theDefendanttalkedwith_Soler_Ԁandseveralothersabouttherapeandhis L  planstoexactrevengeontheallegedrapists. 8   X X_Soler_ԀtestifiedthataftershetoldtheDefendantaboutbeingrapedbyLopez,theDefendant  ` talkedabouttherapealmosteverydayandrepeatedlytalkedabouthurtingor takingcareofLopez.  L  TheDefendantalsoasked_Soler_ԀwhereLopezlived.  8   X <( <DL!X<X@XXX@X@XXX@X@XXX@X@XXX@    X z  Janet_Hern_,aclosefriendof_Soler_,testifiedthatshortlyaftertheDefendantand_Soler_Ԁbegan   dating,theDefendantstartedaskingherquestionsaboutLopez,includinghowhegothomefrom   schoolandifsheknewwhenhewouldbehomealone.TheDefendanttold_Hern_ԀtogetLopez   outside,andhewould takecareoftherest._Hern_ԀclaimedthattheDefendantcalledhersooften   todiscussLopezthatshebeganavoidinghiscalls.TheDefendanttoldHernthatLopez shouldnot p liveforrapinghisgirlfriend.z9݌ \ Ќ  X@XXX@X@XXX@X@XXX@X@XXX@  X XJoshuaCalebSisson,theDefendantsroommateatFortCampbellfrom1998to1999, 4 testifiedthatduringaroadtriptoMemphis,theDefendanttoldSissonthathisgirlfriendhadbeen  p rapedbyherexboyfriend.TheDefendantappearedangryanddisgustedandsaidthatpeoplewho  \ rapedotherpeopleshouldbekilled.Throughoutthetrip,theDefendantcontinuedtotalkaboutthe H rape. 4  X XElanBanks,aformerroommateoftheDefendant,testifiedthattheDefendanttalkedabout   theallegedrapeeverydayandtoldBanksthatheplannedtokillthemenwhorapedSoler.On  severaloccasions,theDefendanttoldBanksthatheplannedtogotoLopezshome,ringthe  doorbell,andshoot.TheDefendantaskedBankstohelphimgetagunsothathecouldshootthe  allegedrapists.HealsoaskedBankstoridebyLopezshousewithhim. l  XX@XXX@X@XXX@X@XXX@X@XXX@    X  OnJanuary15,1999,fourdaysbeforeLopezwasshot,theDefendantpurchaseda12gauge D! shotgunatWalMart.ThesalesassociateatWalMartcompletedafirearmstransactionreportfor 0"  aNewEnglandFarmsModelSB1101shotgun.Theassociateobtainedpurchaseapprovalthrough #l! theTennesseeBureauofInvestigation(TBI)instantcheckat4:57p.m.Theserialnumberforthe $X" DefendantsgunwasNM363294.9݌ $D # Ќ  X@XXX@X@XXX@X@XXX@X@XXX@  X B( <DL!  X!B X E+ 4 <DL!  X!ETheDefendantthenwenttoanearbyretailstore,Grandpas,topurchaseshellsforthe &"% shotgun.AsystemsanalystatGrandpaswasabletomatchareceiptrecoveredduringthe '#& investigationwiththedateanditempurchased.Thereceiptindicatedthat12gaugegameload, (#' numbersixbirdshot,waspurchasedonJanuary15,1999at5:28p.m.Theanalysttestifiedthat )$( GrandpasislocateddownthestreetfromtheWalMartstorewheretheDefendantpurchasedthe |*%) gun.ShealsotestifiedthatGrandpasisanAceHardwaredealerandusesAceHardwaresacks. h+&*  XX@XXX@X@XXX@X@XXX@X@XXX@    X%  Twodayslater,twooftheDefendantsfriends,ElliottTsoandKeeBlackwater,visitedthe  Defendantsroom.Atthattime,theysawtheDefendantsawingonashotgun.Blackwaterheard  theDefendantaskTsotohelphimstakeoutLopezshouse.%D&݌ t Ќ  X@XXX@X@XXX@X@XXX@X@XXX@  X PX@XXX@X@XXX@X@XXX@X@XXX@    XPY(  Thedaybeforetheshooting,theDefendantdisplayedasawedoffshotguntoatleasttwo L  people.SolertestifiedthattheDefendantproducedashort,blackshotgunandsaidheintendedto 8  gotoLopezshouseandscarehimwithit.Bankstestifiedthat,whileridingintheDefendantscar, $ t theDefendantpulledasawedoffshotgunfromundertheseatandplaceditinBankslap.Y()݌  ` Ќ  X@XXX@X@XXX@X@XXX@X@XXX@ X     `  XX@XXX@X@XXX@X@XXX@X@XXX@    +  OnJanuary19,1999,thedayoftheshooting,theDefendantfinishedworkaround4:30p.m.  8  Afterwards,hewasrequiredtoattenda GIParty,whichisessentiallyacleaningsessionatthe $  barracks.Around6:00p.m.,SolertalkedwiththeDefendantonthephone.TheDefendantasked   SolertocallLopezshousetoseeifhewashome.WhiletalkingtotheDefendant,Solerheardhim   tellhissuperiorsthathehadtoleavetheGIpartytotakeSolertothehospital,althoughSolerdidnot   actuallyneedtogotothehospital.BecauseSolerwasunwillingtocallLopezherself,sheaskedher   friend,JohannaPaschall,tomakethecall.PaschallcalledLopezandaskedfor Rick.Shethen p calledSolerandsaidthatshemadethecall,butdidnotknowwhoansweredthephone.Solercalled \ theDefendantandtoldhimthatLopezwasnothome,butthathisparentswere.+,݌ H Ќ  X@XXX@X@XXX@X@XXX@X@XXX@ X     ` XJesseLopezrecalledreceivingaphonecallaround7:00p.m.thenightoftheshooting.  p LopeztestifiedthatthecalleraskedforsomeonewhodidnotliveattheLopezresidence.Lessthan  \ halfanhourlater,at7:22p.m.,thedoorbellrangattheLopezshouse.Expectingavisitfromhis H friend,Michael,Lopezranpasthismothertoanswerthedoor.Asheopenedthedoor,hewasshot 4 intheface.Lopezdidnotseewhowasatthedooranddidnotrememberbeingshot.    X   ` X@XXX@X@XXX@X@XXX@X@XXX@    X-4  Around8:00p.m.,SolerandtheDefendantmetatPaschallshouse.Solerlatertold  detectivesthattheDefendantwasactingstrangely.Shereportedthathewasunusuallyquietand  askedSolertohughim.-44݌  Ќ  X@XXX@X@XXX@X@XXX@X@XXX@  PX ?( <DL!X!? l X@XXX@X@XXX@X@XXX@X@XXX@    XP (7  AftermeetingwithSoler,theDefendantreturnedtothebarrackstoseeElliottTso.Tso X  testifiedthattheDefendantarrivedaround10:00p.m.TheDefendanttoldTso, Igotone.Hesaid D! thatheknockedonthedoor,shotthefirstpersonthatanswered,andran.TheDefendanttoldTso 0"  thatthepersonheshotwasLopez.HeaskedTsoifhewouldtakethegun,butTsorefused.The #l! DefendantthentoldTsothathehadputtheshotgunshellsinthebackofTsostruck.Tsofoundand $X" removedtheshellsfromanAceHardwaresack.TsotestifiedthatheandtheDefendantwereclose $D # friendsandthathewasunsureofwhattodo.Tsodecidedtoturntheshellsovertodetectivesand %0!$ toallowthemtosearchhistruck.(77݌ &"% Ќ  X@XXX@   '#& X@XXX@X@XXX@X@XXX@X@XXX@    ;  InvestigatorstestifiedthattheyinterviewedtheDefendantthedayaftertheshooting. (#' Initially,theDefendanttolddetectivesthathedidnotownashotgun.Healsosaidthatduringthe )$( timetheshootingoccurred,hehadgonetoashoppetteontheKentuckysideoftheFortCampbell |*%) posttopurchaseasandwich,chips,asnackcake,andadrink.Afterreviewingthesalesreceipts h+&* fromthisparticularshoppette,detectiveswereunabletocorroboratetheDefendantspurchases.  Theyalsobecameawareofhisgunpurchase.Inasecondinterview,theDefendantadmittedto  purchasingtheshotgun,butclaimeditwasstolenfromhiscaronthesamedayitwaspurchased.  TheDefendantdidnotreportthegunstolen.Duringthisinterview,theDefendantmaintainedthat t hehadgonetotheshoppetteatthetimeoftheshooting.;<݌ ` Ќ  X@XXX@X@XXX@X@XXX@X@XXX@  X B( <DL!  X!B X E+ 4 <DL!  X!ETheClarksvillePoliceDepartment,alongwithinvestigatorsfromtheUnitedStatesArmy 8  CriminalInvestigationCommand(CID),conductedasearchofthebarracksandthesurrounding $ t areas.Underneathamilitaryconics,asteelstoragecontainerresemblingadumpster,locatedtwenty  ` threetothirtyfeetfromthebuildinginwhichtheDefendantlived,investigatorsfoundabag  L  containingashotgun.Thegunhadbeenwrappedinfeltsimilartothatfoundinamilitaryissue  8  blanket.TheshotgunwasaNewEnglandFarmsfirearm12gauge,thesametypetheDefendant $  purchasedatWalMartonlydaysbeforetheshooting,withapartialserialnumberofNM36.The   remainderoftheserialnumberhadbeendestroyed.However,theTBIwasabletorestoresevenof   theeightdigitsoftheserialnumberontheshotgun.Withtheexceptionofthesinglemissingdigit,   therestorednumbermatchedtheserialnumberontheDefendantsshotgun.InsidetheDefendants   room,investigatorsfoundanotepadwiththenamesofthethreeallegedrapists.Lopezsphone p numberwaswrittenbesidehisname.FromElliott_Tso_struck,detectivesrecoveredaplasticAce \ Hardwaresack,similartothoseusedatGrandpas,containingthereceiptforshotgunshells H purchasedatGrandpas.TheyalsodiscoveredasilverhacksawsimilartotheoneTsoand 4 BlackwatersawtheDefendantusingtosawontheshotgun.Tsoledinvestigatorstotheactualshells  p thattheDefendantleftinhistruck.B+ 4 <DL!X!BTheTBIconcludedthatshotandwaddingrecoveredfromthe  \ crimescenewasconsistentwiththesizeandweightspecificationoftheshellsrecoveredfromElliott H Tsostruck. 4    Whileincarcerated,theDefendanttoldanotherinmate,KennethBuckler,abouttheshooting.   AccordingtoBuckler,theDefendantclaimedthatheshotsomeoneinthefacebecausethevictim  andsomeotherpeoplehadrapedtheDefendantsgirlfriend.TheDefendanttoldBucklerthathewas  angry,thathehadplannedtheshooting,andthathehadstakedoutthevictim.Hesaidthathehad  sawedoffashotgun,gonetothevictimshome,knockedonthedoor,andshotassoonasthevictim l answered.TheDefendanttoldBucklerthathecleanedoffthegun,wrappeditinaponcholiner,and X  placeditunderthebarracks. D! @*X@XXX@X@XXX@X@XXX@X@XXX@      &  M  II.ANALYSISMQN  -NԌ #l! Ќ  X@XXX@  '#EN $X" TheDefendantclaimsthatinsufficientevidencewaspresentedattrialtoconvicthimof $D # criminalattempttocommitfirstdegreemurderandofpossessionofaprohibitedweapon.Whenan %0!$ accusedchallengesthesufficiencyoftheevidence,anappellatecourtsstandardofreviewis &"% whether,afterconsideringtheevidenceinthelightmostfavorabletotheprosecution,anyrational '#& trieroffactcouldhavefoundtheessentialelementsofthecrimebeyondareasonabledoubt.Tenn. (#' R.App.P.13(e);Jacksonv.Virginia,443U.S.307,324(1979);Statev.Duncan,698S.W.2d63, )$(  67(Tenn.1985).Thisruleappliestofindingsofguiltbasedupondirectevidence,circumstantial |*%) evidence,oracombinationofbothdirectandcircumstantialevidence.Statev.Pendergrass,13  S.W.3d389,39293(Tenn.Crim.App.1999).   Indeterminingthesufficiencyoftheevidence,thisCourtshouldnotreweighorreevaluate  theevidence.Statev.Matthews,805S.W.2d776,779(Tenn.Crim.App.1990).Normaythis t Courtsubstituteitsinferencesforthosedrawnbythetrieroffactfromtheevidence.Statev.Buggs, ` 995S.W.2d102,105(Tenn.1999);Liakasv.State,286S.W.2d856,859(Tenn.1956).Questions L  concerningthecredibilityofthewitnesses,theweightandvalueoftheevidence,aswellasall 8  factualissuesraisedbytheevidenceareresolvedbythetrieroffact.Liakas,286S.W.2dat859. $ t ThisCourtmustaffordtheStateofTennesseethestrongestlegitimateviewoftheevidence  ` containedintherecord,aswellasallreasonableinferenceswhichmaybedrawnfromtheevidence.  L  Statev.Evans,838S.W.2d185,191(Tenn.1992).Becauseaverdictofguiltagainstadefendant  8  removesthepresumptionofinnocenceandraisesapresumptionofguilt,theconvictedcriminal $  defendantbearstheburdenofshowingthattheevidencewaslegallyinsufficienttosustainaguilty   verdict.Id.    ` X      TheDefendantfirstarguesthatinsufficientevidencewaspresentedtosupporthisconviction   forattemptedfirstdegreemurder.InordertoconvicttheDefendantofattemptedfirstdegree p murder,theStatewasrequiredtoprovethattheDefendant,actingwiththekindofculpability \ otherwiserequiredforthisoffense,acted withintenttocausearesultthatisanelementofthe H offense,andbelieve[d]theconduct[would]causetheresultwithoutfurtherconductonthepersons 4 part,Tenn.CodeAnn.3912101(a)(2),X@XXX@Ԁandthattheresultintendedwasthe premeditatedand  p intentionalkillingofanother.Id.3913202(a)(1).  \   ViewingtheevidenceinthelightmostfavorabletotheState,theevidenceshowedthatthe 4 DefendantrepeatedlystatedhisintentiontohurtorkillLopez.Infact,hedescribedtofriendsthe   exactmethodhewouldemploy:Hewouldgotothefrontdoor,knockorringthedoorbell,andshoot   thefirstpersontoanswer.TheDefendantpurchasedashotguninanticipationoftheshooting.He  thenliedtodetectivesaboutowningagun.Aftertheshooting,theappellantwenttoafriendsroom  toreportthathe gotone.    TheStatehadtheburdenofprovingtheelementofpremeditation.Statev.West,844S.W.2d X  144,147(Tenn.1992).Premeditationnecessitates theexerciseofreflectionandjudgment.Tenn. D! CodeAnn.3913202(d). Theelementofpremeditationrequiresapreviouslyformeddesignor 0"  intenttokill.West,844S.W.2dat147. #l!    Theproofsetoutaboveindicatesthattheappellantthreatenedtohurtorkillthevictim $D # severalmonthspriortotheshooting.Additionally,theappellantpurchasedashotgunfourdays %0!$ beforetheshooting.Twodayslater,hewasseensawingonthegun.Also,heattemptedtoremove &"% theserialnumberusedtoidentifytheweapon.Further,theappellantaskedtwofriendstohelphim '#& stakeoutthevictimshome.Immediatelypriortotheshooting,theappellantaskedhisgirlfriend (#' tocalltoseeifthevictimwashome.Thisevidenceclearlysupportsthementalelementsnecessary )$( toprovecriminalattempttocommitfirstdegreemurder. |*%)    h+&*   TheDefendantnextarguesthatinsufficientevidencewaspresentedtosupporthisconviction  forpossessionofaprohibitedweapon,definedinpertinentpartasfollows: Apersoncommitsan  offensewhointentionallyorknowinglypossesses...[a]shortbarrelrifleorshotgun....Tenn.  CodeAnn.39171302(a)(4).TheDefendant#X@XXX@G[#X@XXX@ԀclaimsthatalthoughtheStateprovedthathe t possessedtheprohibitedweapon,itdidnotestablishthathepossesseditinTennessee.While ` investigatingtheshootingofJesseLopez,detectivesremovedshotandwaddingfromthecrime L  scenethatwasconsistentwiththetypeallegedlypurchasedbytheDefendantdaysbeforethe 8  shooting.Additionally,severalwitnessestestifiedtoseeingtheDefendantsawingonashotgundays $ t before.AjurycouldhavereasonablyfoundthattheDefendantusedthesawedoffshotgunandthe  ` recoveredshottoshootthevictim.BecausetheshootingoccurredinTennessee,theevidenceis  L  sufficienttoestablishthattheDefendantpossessedtheprohibitedweaponinTennesseewhenhe  8  usedittoshootthevictim. $   XFromthisevidence,arationaltrieroffactcouldhavefoundtheessentialelementsofboth   crimesbeyondareasonabledoubt.Accordingly,thejudgmentsofthetrialcourtisAFFIRMED.   #X@XXX@e#X@XXX@X    p  \  H 0 ` 0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#0h(#(#0h(#h(#0(#(#________________________________4(#(#  `     h     ROBERTW.WEDEMEYER,JUDGE#X@XXX@nj#  p