ÿWPCb ¼™+Væ­\a}æ `%hͽ=®ùð^~íwŠ„GRR^ádˆÌç#ÀˆlÉÖêU2(’+=ÖÛ@U_0*‡M1¶Ýöˆž„“çt4ÇCIS÷n~“ClóÁœ¨â8’õäžÕ24ñKƒáà?ÅTk*5ç”Yú“NÀÇIö“Xt[?çi`q\Gã:À×ÝCäà°qÔ itDýeܬb³ì89q —7豫lùÓWM»_…WJ¥ã.K‰ndé$DÁ0#iÙüfyö¯–'J‘1Õ¬bFÊÐð°9[$6`†GK¢âˆYe2±y~wI"sò8_PìgcuÑTp=YnDbø¼·_¯ÖšRYd<ä©kms=ºûDZâ2õñ’B»¦¤‹M¿(»þ@ʵz6Ð% ÇžF_Bggm×øŒIн¼g¢f»&ã’¡ÛõðQÚm#JÛ2-¬Ôs5µ;×tÎY󦳗ˆð‹DD×±öˆ»À>f¤Z|S¸L,¼—ó\9g³LàŽ‘ý9Òfu›P÷/4˜sÄvU¹Q]¸u.{-ñ}f¦É'gCõ…ù#m«J—ƸãJÇë[ÕZ ŽôPkj©È<ÚxÈQ±Ú…;›è¹€®ò€Áb#Á\ % UN# 0ˆq UNù G ^ _ zk Òå w· 4» Ï 0DÞ Æ"ÆèÆ®Æt:N< m>>EUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUbWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWW 0ë____ BJJ 0¤g D3  D-> 0Kkk AS¶Æ  0¤Ï 0Ds A«·˜HP LaserJet 4050ÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈ0»(ÖÃ9 Z‹6Times New Roman Regular(`£ª$¡¡Ñ€.ÑÑ8€½­»»d»»d8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  Ó(í€"  Z6Times New Roman Regular Ý ƒRû€$ÝÓ  Óà  àòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÔ€ôäò»»ÔÝ  ÝÔ_ÔThe€Defendant€was€charged€with€two€alternate€counts€of€Ô_ÔD.U.I.Ô_Ô:€(1)€that€he€was€driving€while€under€theÐ ° Ðinfluence€of€an€intoxicant,€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€55„10„401(a)(1);€and€(2)€that€the€alcohol€concentration€of€his€blood€wasÐ tÄ  Ðmore€than€.10€percent,€òòid.óó€ðð€55„10„401(a)(2).€€The€jury€found€him€not€guilty€of€count€one. ŽS+â  ˜C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wptyG*ô¤1´·¥3|x(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  ÚóóLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5‚Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5„Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5…Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5ÿU‹ÿÀÀÀ- ù-(|G2û€$¤¤Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€[•»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  ÚóóÔ€ôäò»»Ô d(|3‡‰$££Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€[•»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝVVVV'ÿÿdxd)!ÈÈÈÈdxdx( ±þ$’’ò òFigure€Ú  Ú1Ú  Úó ó^_X`YEþÿ<<CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(|3‡‰$¢¢Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€[•»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó óX[Z&OLE 2.0 Box <=8ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿCÿÿ HKKKKÝ ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€[•»»ddÈ8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÑ  ÑÑ  ÑÔ€¼[•»»»ÔÑ8€ÙXXdì»»d8Ñà@ttìàÔ‡îR„[•ÔIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEˆÐ ° Ðà@WW$ìàAT€KNOXVILLEÔ#†¼[•»îîR„ #ԈРÖ& ÐÓ  Óà @ àà @` àAssigned€on€Briefs€July€25,€2001Ð üL ÐÔ‡XÙX»¼[•ÔÌò òÔ#†¼[•»XXÙ#ÔSTATE€OF€TENNESSEEòòóó€v.€òòóóALAN€LEONARD€SMITHÔ‡XÙX»¼[•Ôó óÐ úJ ÐÌà@@½½ìàò òDirect€Appeal€from€the€Criminal€Court€for€Anderson€CountyÐ ú J Ðà@@øøìàNo.€98CR0198€€€€€€James€B.€Scott,€JudgeÐ æ 6 ÐÌÌà@@ìì*ìàßA€V) °°` d€÷E<©` AßÐ ªú  ÐÌà@@TTìàNo.€E2000„01891„CCA„R3„CD€Ð ¥õ  ÐOctober€19,€Ô_Ô2001Ô_ÔÐ ‘á  ÐßA€V) °°` dE<|` AßÐ }Í  Ðó óÌÓ  ÓÔ‡XÙXXXÙÔThe€Defendant€was€convicted€of€driving€under€the€influence€(Ô_ÔD.U.I.Ô_Ô)€second€offense,€sentenced€toÐ xÈ  Ðfifty€days€in€jail,€and€ordered€to€pay€a€$2,500.00€fine.€€The€Defendant€now€appeals,€arguing€theÐ d´ Ðfollowing:€(1)€that€there€was€insufficient€evidence€to€convict€him€of€Ô_ÔD.U.I.Ô_Ô,€(2)€that€the€trial€courtÐ P  Ðerred€in€admitting€the€breath€alcohol€results,€and€(3)€that€the€trial€court€erred€in€not€granting€a€newÐ <Œ Ðtrial€based€upon€newly€discovered€evidence.€€Finding€no€error,€we€affirm€the€judgment€of€the€trialÐ (x Ðcourt.€€Ð d ÐÔ#†XÙXXXÙØ#ÔÔ#†¼[•»XXÙ˜#ÔÔ‡XÙX»¼[•ÔÓÌÓÌò òTenn.€R.€App.€P.€3€Appeal€as€of€Right;€Judgment€of€the€Criminal€Court€Affirmedó óÐ ì< ÐÌòòÓ  ÓÔ#†¼[•»àXÙò#ÔÔ‡XÙX.¼[•ÔRobert€W.€Ô_ÔWedemeyerÔ_Ô,€J.óó,€delivered€the€opinion€of€the€court,€in€which€òòThomas€T.€Ô_ÔWoodallÔ_Ôóó€andÐ Ä ÐòòJames€Ô_ÔCurwoodÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔWittÔ_Ô,€Jr.,€JJ.óó,€joined.Ð ° ÐÌMichael€W.€Ritter,€Oak€Ridge,€Tennessee,€for€the€Appellant,€Alan€Leonard€Smith.Ð ˆØ ÐÌPaul€G.€Summers,€Attorney€General€and€Reporter;€Patricia€C.€Ô_ÔKussmannÔ_Ô,€Assistant€AttorneyÐ `° ÐGeneral;€James€N.€Ramsey,€District€Attorney€General;€and€Janice€G.€Hicks,€Assistant€DistrictÐ L œ ÐAttorney€General,€for€the€Appellee,€State€of€Tennessee.Ð 8!ˆ  ÐÓÓÌà@@OO&ìàò òOPINIONó óÔ#†¼[•»XXÙ¾#ÔÔ‡XÙX»¼[•ÔÐ #`" ÐÌòòóóÔ#†¼[•»XXÙ #ÔÔ‡XÙX»¼[•ÔÓ  Óà@µµ(ìàFACTSˆÐ è$8 $ ÐÌà  àAt€approximately€8:30€p.m.€on€February€27,€1998,€Officer€Jason€Benjamin€of€the€Oak€RidgeÐ À&"& ÐPolice€Department€was€on€patrol€and€noticed€a€pick„up€truck€with€a€headlight€that€was€not€working.€Ð ¬'ü"' ÐBenjamin€followed€the€vehicle€and€turned€on€his€blue€lights€in€order€to€stop€the€vehicle.€€BenjaminÐ ˜(è#( Ðtestified€that€he€was€going€to€issue€the€driver€a€repair€order.€€The€driver€of€the€vehicle€continued€forÐ „)Ô$) Ðapproximately€150€yards€before€stopping€in€a€parking€area€beside€an€apartment€complex.€€Ð p*À%* ÐÌà  àWhen€Benjamin€approached€the€vehicle,€he€noticed€that€the€driver€was€having€a€hard€timeÐ H,˜', Ðstanding€and€that€as€he€turned€to€face€Benjamin,€the€driver€ð ðfell€into€his€door.ðð€€Benjamin€explainedÐ 4-„(-ý ÐÔ_Ôto€the€driver€that€he€was€being€stopped€because€one€of€his€lights€was€out.€€The€driver€walked€aroundÐ ° Ðthe€vehicle€to€see€for€himself,€and€as€he€did€so,€Benjamin€noticed€that€the€driver€smelled€of€alcohol.€Ð œì ÐBenjamin€also€noticed€that€the€driverððs€eyes€were€bloodshot,€that€he€was€unsteady€on€his€feet€and€thatÐ ˆØ Ðhis€speech€was€slurred.€€Benjamin€called€for€backup€and€told€the€driver€that€he€was€going€to€issueÐ tÄ Ðhim€a€repair€order.€€Benjamin€asked€the€driver€for€identification,€for€which€the€Defendant€ð ðfumbledÐ `° Ðexcessively.ðð€€As€Benjamin€finished€filling€out€the€repair€order,€Officer€Carl€Webb€arrived.€Ð L œ ÐBenjamin€testified€that€he€asked€the€Defendant€if€he€had€had€anything€to€drink€that€night,€and€theÐ 8 ˆ ÐDefendant€replied,€ð ða€few.ðð€€Ð $ t ÐÌà  àBenjamin€then€administered€a€series€of€field€sobriety€tests€to€the€Defendant.€€The€DefendantÐ ü L  Ðinformed€Benjamin€that€he€had€a€slipped€disc;€however,€he€told€Benjamin€that€it€would€not€keep€himÐ è 8  Ðfrom€standing€or€walking.€€As€Benjamin€explained€the€tests,€the€Defendant€dropped€his€repair€order.€Ð Ô$  ÐBenjamin€testified€that€the€Defendant€had€trouble€picking€it€up.€€Benjamin€then€administered€theÐ À  Ðð ðwalk€and€turnðð€test€to€the€Defendant.€€This€test€entailed€the€Defendant€keeping€his€arms€down€toÐ ¬ü  Ðhis€side€and€placing€his€right€foot€in€front€of€his€left€foot€with€the€right€heel€touching€the€left€toe.€Ð ˜è  ÐHowever,€before€Benjamin€could€finish€explaining€the€test,€the€Defendant€began€to€lift€his€right€footÐ „Ô  Ðoff€of€the€ground.€€The€Defendant€held€his€foot€up€for€a€couple€of€seconds€and€then€began€to€fall€toÐ pÀ Ðthe€right.€€The€Defendant€told€Benjamin€that€he€couldnððt€do€the€test.€€Benjamin€agreed€that€theÐ \¬ ÐDefendant€was€too€unsteady€to€perform€the€test.€€Ð H˜ ÐÌà  àBenjamin€next€asked€the€Defendant€to€perform€the€ð ðone„leg€stand.ðð€€Benjamin€told€theÐ  p ÐDefendant€to€ð ðput€his€heels€together€touching€with€his€feet€at€about€a€45€degree€angle€or€somethingÐ  \ Ðlike€that.€€And€when€[Benjamin]€tell[s]€him€to,€[to]€lift€whichever€foot€he€desires€so€that€the€heel€ofÐ øH Ðthat€foot€is€about€six€inches€off€the€ground.ðð€€Benjamin€told€the€Defendant€to€keep€his€hands€to€hisÐ ä4 Ðside,€look€at€the€foot€he€was€lifting€and€count€from€one€to€thirty.€€However,€Benjamin€testified€thatÐ Ð  Ðinstead€of€lifting€his€foot€about€six€inches€from€the€ground,€the€Defendant€lifted€his€leg€straight€outÐ ¼  Ðin€front€of€him€and€began€to€fall€over.€€According€to€Benjamin,€the€Defendant€told€him€that€he€couldÐ ¨ø Ðnot€perform€that€test€either.€€Ð ”ä ÐÌà  àThe€final€test€that€Benjamin€asked€the€Defendant€to€perform€involved€the€Defendant€holdingÐ l¼ Ðhis€hand€out,€palm€up;€touching€his€thumb€to€his€first€finger;€counting€up€to€four;€and€then€countingÐ X ¨ Ðback€to€one.€€However,€instead€of€touching€each€finger,€the€Defendant€closed€his€hand€together€ð ðlikeÐ D!” Ðhe€was€squeezing€a€ball.ðð€€Benjamin€informed€the€Defendant€that€he€was€doing€the€test€incorrectly.€Ð 0"€  ÐThe€Defendant€tried€again€and€still€could€not€do€it€correctly.€€Benjamin€testified€that€the€DefendantÐ #l! Ðtold€him€that€he€could€not€perform€the€test.€€Ð $X" ÐÌà  àBenjamin€informed€the€Defendant€that€he€was€placing€him€under€arrest€for€D.U.I.€and€did€aÐ à%0!$ Ðð ðsearch€incident€to€arrestðð€of€the€Defendantððs€person.€€Benjamin€then€handcuffed€the€Defendant€andÐ Ì&"% Ðplaced€him€in€the€back€of€the€patrol€car.€€Benjamin€testified€that€he€was€at€the€scene€approximatelyÐ ¸'#& Ðfifteen€minutes.€Benjamin€then€locked€the€Defendantððs€truck€doors€and€drove€to€the€Oak€RidgeÐ ¤(ô#' ÐPolice€Department.€€Benjamin€testified€that€he€spent€approximately€an€hour€at€the€police€departmentÐ )à$( Ðfilling€out€paperwork,€taking€the€Defendantððs€picture€and€fingerprinting€the€Defendant.€€After€theÐ |*Ì%) Ðbooking€process€was€complete,€Benjamin€took€the€Defendant€to€the€Anderson€County€jail€in€ClintonÐ h+¸&* Ðfor€a€breathalyser€test.€€According€to€Benjaminððs€notes,€they€left€the€Oak€Ridge€Police€DepartmentÐ ° Ðaround€10:20€p.m.€and€arrived€at€the€Anderson€County€jail€at€10:45€p.m.€€Ð œì ÐÌà  àOnce€at€the€jail,€Benjamin€took€the€Defendant€into€the€room€with€the€Intoximeter€and€satÐ tÄ Ðdown.€€Benjamin€testified€that€he€informed€the€Defendant€before€they€arrived€at€the€jail€about€havingÐ `° Ða€blood„alcohol€test,€and€the€Defendant€agreed€to€the€test.€€However,€the€Defendant€did€not€sign€theÐ L œ Ðform€acknowledging€that€he€agreed€to€the€test.€€The€form€listed€the€time€of€arrest€at€9:01€p.m.€Ð 8 ˆ ÐBecause€Benjamin€was€not€certified€to€operate€the€breathalyser€machine,€he€called€the€Clinton€PoliceÐ $ t ÐDepartment€dispatch€to€find€someone€who€could€operate€the€machine.€€Benjamin€testified€thatÐ  ` ÐOfficer€Mike€Kelley€arrived€about€an€hour€and€a€half€later€to€administer€the€test.€€Benjamin€testifiedÐ ü L  Ðthat€he€and€Kelley€observed€the€Defendant€for€twenty€minutes€before€Kelley€administered€the€test.€Ð è 8  ÐBenjamin€did€not€remember€telling€the€Defendant€that€he€could€have€an€independent€test.€€BenjaminÐ Ô$  Ðtestified€that€the€Defendant€did€not€complain€of€any€injuries€or€ailments€while€in€his€custody.€€Ð À  ÐÌà  àOn€cross„examination,€defense€counsel€asked€Benjamin€if€he€recalled€testifying€at€theÐ ˜è  Ðpreliminary€hearing€that€Kelley€started€the€test€immediately€after€arriving€at€the€station€and€gatheringÐ „Ô  Ðsome€information€about€the€Defendant.€€Benjamin€testified€that€he€did€not€remember€what€he€saidÐ pÀ Ðat€the€preliminary€hearing.€€However,€he€stated€that€he€was€sure€that€he€observed€the€Defendant€forÐ \¬ Ðtwenty€minutes€before€Kelley€performed€the€breathalyser€test.€Ð H˜ ÐÌà  àOfficer€Carl€Webb€of€the€Oak€Ridge€Police€Department€testified€that€on€February€27,€1998,Ð  p Ðhe€received€a€call€from€dispatch€to€back€up€Officer€Benjamin€on€a€traffic€stop.€€When€Webb€arrivedÐ  \ Ðon€the€scene,€he€observed€Officer€Benjamin€administer€field€sobriety€tests€on€the€Defendant.€€WebbÐ øH Ðtestified€that€on€the€walk€and€turn€test,€the€Defendant€did€not€follow€instructions€and€tried€to€lift€hisÐ ä4 Ðleg€up€in€the€air;€and€on€the€second€test,€the€Defendant€actually€fell€while€he€was€trying€to€performÐ Ð  Ðthe€test.€€Webb€did€not€mention€the€finger„counting€test.€According€to€Webb,€the€Defendant€wasÐ ¼  Ðunsteady€on€his€feet€and€ð ðhad€the€side„to„side€walk.ðð€€Webb€also€stated€that€the€Defendant€was€ð ðthickÐ ¨ø Ðtonguedðð€and€that€he€smelled€of€alcohol.€€Ð ”ä ÐÌà  àMike€Kelley€testified€that€on€February€27,€1998,€he€was€a€sergeant€with€the€Clinton€PoliceÐ l¼ ÐDepartment.€€Kelley€testified€that€he€was€working€the€midnight€shift€when€he€received€a€dispatch€thatÐ X ¨ Ðan€Oak€Ridge€officer€had€arrested€a€subject€and€needed€someone€to€run€the€Intoximeter.€€€KelleyÐ D!” Ðtestified€that€he€was€a€certified€operator€of€the€machine€and€received€his€training€on€the€IntoximeterÐ 0"€  ÐEC„IR.€€Kelley€testified€that€he€was€not€sure€what€time€he€arrived€at€the€jail.€€€€Ð #l! ÐÌà  àUpon€arriving€at€the€jail,€Kelley,€as€a€matter€of€standard€practice,€informed€Officer€BenjaminÐ ô$D # Ðthat€they€must€observe€the€Defendant€for€twenty€minutes€before€administering€the€Intoximeter.€€TheÐ à%0!$ Ðpurpose€of€this€observation€is€to€make€sure€that€the€subject€does€not€ð ðbelch€or€regurgitate€or€anythingÐ Ì&"% Ðof€that€nature.ðð€€Kelley€testified€that€he€and€Benjamin€observed€the€Defendant€for€twenty€minutesÐ ¸'#& Ðwith€no€unusual€occurrences,€and€then€he€administered€the€test.€€Officer€Kelley€obtained€informationÐ ¤(ô#' Ðabout€the€Defendant€and€typed€it€into€the€computer.€€The€machine€then€did€a€ð ðblank€testðð€to€insureÐ )à$( Ðthat€it€was€working€properly.€€Kelley€testified€that€after€the€blank€test,€which€indicated€that€thereÐ |*Ì%) Ðwere€no€problems,€he€advised€the€Defendant€to€take€a€deep€breath€and€blow€into€the€machine.€€KelleyÐ h+¸&* Ðtestified€that€he€gave€the€results€to€Officer€Benjamin€and€left.€€The€slip€with€the€results€showed€theÐ ° Ðtime€of€the€test€to€be€12:47€a.m.€€The€Defendantððs€blood€alcohol€content€registered€at€.17€percent.€Ð œì ÐKelley€did€not€advise€the€Defendant€that€he€had€a€right€to€an€independent€test.€€Ð ˆØ ÐÌà  àOfficer€Kenneth€Sharp€of€the€Anderson€County€Sheriffððs€Department€testified€that€he€isÐ `° Ðcustodian€of€the€records€for€the€Intoximeter€EC„IR€machine€that€is€maintained€at€the€AndersonÐ L œ ÐCounty€jail.€€Sharp€testified€that€he€had€in€his€possession€all€of€the€Tennessee€Bureau€of€InvestigationÐ 8 ˆ Ð(T.B.I.)€certifications€up€to€the€date€of€trial€for€that€particular€machine.€€Sharp€testified€that€theÐ $ t Ðmachine€is€calibrated€and€certified€by€the€T.B.I.€approximately€every€three€months.Ð  ` ÐÌà  àDoris€Stooksbury,€the€records€custodian€at€the€Anderson€County€Sheriffððs€Department,Ð è 8  Ðtestified€regarding€the€jail€log.€€According€to€Stooksbury,€an€Oak€Ridge€police€officer€entered€theÐ Ô$  Ðbuilding€with€the€Defendant€at€12:00€a.m.€€Thereafter,€the€Defendant€was€immediately€booked€intoÐ À  Ðthe€jail€facility.€€Stooksbury€agreed€that€one€of€the€records€documenting€the€bonding€company€andÐ ¬ü  Ðthe€Defendantððs€release€on€bond€was€incorrect.€€Stooksbury€testified€that€she€could€not€vouch€for€theÐ ˜è  Ðaccuracy€of€the€information€entered€in€the€records.€€Ð „Ô  ÐÌà  àThe€forty„eight€year€old€Defendant€testified€that€on€February€27,€1998,€he€€worked€for€FrankÐ \¬ ÐBean€and€Son€Construction€in€Harriman,€Tennessee.€€The€Defendant€testified€that€he€left€workÐ H˜ Ðaround€4:00€p.m.,€went€to€the€companyððs€office€located€on€Highway€61€between€Oak€Ridge€andÐ 4„ ÐClinton€to€pick€up€his€check€and€then€went€to€Tennessee€State€Bank€in€Oak€Ridge€to€cash€his€check.€Ð  p ÐAccording€to€the€Defendant,€he€left€the€bank€around€5:00€p.m.€and€went€to€his€apartment€where€heÐ  \ Ðchanged€clothes€and€took€some€Tylenol€for€his€back.€€The€Defendant€testified€that€he€had€pulled€aÐ øH Ðmuscle€in€his€back€earlier€in€the€day€lifting€sheetrock.€€The€Defendant€stated€that€ð ð[i]t€was€real€hardÐ ä4 Ðto€move,€and€[he]€couldnððt€walk€very€well.ðð€€The€Defendant€said€that€after€changing€clothes€andÐ Ð  Ðeating,€he€went€to€Jefferson€Tavern,€arriving€around€6:15€or€6:30€p.m.€€The€Defendant€testified€thatÐ ¼  Ðhe€had€six€beers€and€then€left€to€go€home€around€8:45€p.m.€€Ð ¨ø ÐÌà  àThe€Defendant€testified€that€as€he€was€going€home,€Officer€Benjamin€pulled€him€over€andÐ €Ð Ðtold€him€that€one€of€his€headlights€was€not€working.€€The€Defendant€asked€if€he€could€check€theÐ l¼ Ðheadlight€himself.€€Benjamin€said€that€was€fine,€so€the€Defendant€walked€to€the€front€of€the€car.€€TheÐ X ¨ ÐDefendant€said€that€he€might€have€had€his€hand€on€the€truck€because€his€back€was€hurt,€and€heÐ D!” Ðtestified€that€he€was€walking€ð ða€little€slow.ðð€€The€Defendant€testified€that€Benjamin€handed€him€aÐ 0"€  Ðrepair€order,€but€the€Defendant€dropped€it.€€The€Defendant€stated€that€he€reached€down€and€ð ðpickedÐ #l! Ðit€up€slowly.ðð€€The€Defendant€said€that€approximately€five€to€ten€minutes€later,€Officer€BenjaminÐ $X" Ðcalled€for€back„up€and€asked€him€to€perform€several€field€sobriety€tests.€€The€Defendant€testified€thatÐ ô$D # Ðhe€told€Benjamin€that€he€could€not€perform€the€walk„and„turn€test€because€of€his€back.€€BenjaminÐ à%0!$ Ðthen€asked€the€Defendant€to€perform€another€test€requiring€him€ð ðturn[]€your€feet€on€a€45€and€lift[]Ð Ì&"% Ðone€leg€up.ðð€€The€Defendant€testified€that€he€told€Benjamin€that€he€could€not€perform€that€test€either.€Ð ¸'#& ÐThe€Defendant€claimed€that€he€never€fell€down€while€trying€to€perform€the€test.€€The€DefendantÐ ¤(ô#' Ðtestified€that€Benjamin€never€asked€him€to€do€the€ð ðfinger€touchingðð€test.Ð )à$( Ðâ âÐ |*Ì%) Ðà  àAccording€to€the€Defendant,€following€the€sobriety€tests,€Benjamin€placed€him€under€arrestÐ ° Ðâ âand€took€him€to€the€Oak€Ridge€Police€Department.€€The€Defendant€estimated€his€time€at€the€policeÐ œì Ðstation€to€be€around€two€and€a€half€to€three€hours,€whereupon€Benjamin€transported€him€to€theÐ ˆØ ÐAnderson€County€Detention€Facility.€€The€Defendant€testified€that€within€a€minute€or€two€of€OfficerÐ tÄ ÐKelleyððs€arrival€at€the€station,€Officer€Kelley€administered€the€breathalyser€to€the€Defendant.€€Ð `° ÐÌà@&ìàANALYSISˆÐ 8 ˆ ÐÌà@ìàA.€Sufficiency€of€the€EvidenceˆÐ  ` ÐÌà  àThe€Defendant€argues€that€insufficient€evidence€was€presented€at€trial€to€convict€him€ofÐ è 8  ÐD.U.I.€€Specifically,€the€Defendant€argues€that€there€was€no€evidence€in€the€record€to€reflect€whatÐ Ô$  Ðhis€blood€alcohol€level€was€when€he€was€arrested€at€8:47€p.m.€€The€Defendant€argues€that€the€juryÐ À  Ðcould€only€speculate€as€to€his€blood€alcohol€concentration€at€the€time€of€the€stop€and€that€the€StateÐ ¬ü  Ðfailed€to€offer€any€extrapolation€testimony€by€an€expert.€€à p àà È àÐ ˜è  ÐÌà  àWhen€an€accused€challenges€the€sufficiency€of€the€evidence,€an€appellate€courtððs€standardÐ pÀ Ðof€review€is€whether,€after€considering€the€evidence€in€the€light€most€favorable€to€the€prosecution,Ð \¬ Ðany€rational€trier€of€fact€could€have€found€the€essential€elements€of€the€crime€beyond€a€reasonableÐ H˜ Ðdoubt.€€òòJackson€v.€Virginiaóó,€443€U.S.€307,€324€(1979);€òòState€v.€Duncanóó,€698€S.W.2d€63,€67€(Tenn.Ð 4„ Ð1985);€Tenn.€R.€App.€P.€13(e).€€This€rule€applies€to€findings€of€guilt€based€upon€direct€evidence,Ð  p Ðcircumstantial€evidence,€or€a€combination€of€both€direct€and€circumstantial€evidence.€€òòState€v.Ð  \ ÐPendergrassóó,€13€S.W.2d€389,€392„93€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€2000).Ð øH ÐÌà  àIn€determining€the€sufficiency€of€the€evidence,€this€Court€should€not€re„weigh€or€re„evaluateÐ Ð  Ðthe€evidence.€€òòState€v.€Matthewsóó,€805€S.W.2d€776,€779€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1990).€€Nor€may€thisÐ ¼  ÐCourt€substitute€its€inferences€for€those€drawn€by€the€trier€of€fact€from€the€evidence.€€òòLiakas€v.€Stateóó,Ð ¨ø Ð286€S.W.2d€856,€859€(Tenn.€1956);€òòState€v.€Buggsóó,€995€S.W.2d€102,€105€(Tenn.€1999).€€QuestionsÐ ”ä Ðconcerning€the€credibility€of€the€witnesses,€the€weight€and€value€of€the€evidence,€as€well€as€allÐ €Ð Ðfactual€issues€raised€by€the€evidence€are€resolved€by€the€trier€of€fact.€€òòLiakasóó,€286€S.W.2d€at€859.òòóó€Ð l¼ ÐòòóóThis€Court€must€afford€the€State€of€Tennessee€the€strongest€legitimate€view€of€the€evidenceÐ X ¨ Ðcontained€in€the€record,€as€well€as€all€reasonable€inferences€which€may€be€drawn€from€the€evidence.€Ð D!” ÐòòState€v.€Evansóó,€838€S.W.2d€185,€191€(Tenn.€1992).€€Because€a€verdict€of€guilt€against€a€defendantÐ 0"€  Ðremoves€the€presumption€of€innocence€and€raises€a€presumption€of€guilt,€the€convicted€criminalÐ #l! Ðdefendant€bears€the€burden€of€showing€that€the€evidence€was€legally€insufficient€to€sustain€a€guiltyÐ $X" Ðverdict.€€òòId.óó€Ð ô$D # ÐÌà  àThe€Defendant€was€convicted€of€D.U.I.€pursuant€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€ðð€55„10„Ð Ì&"% Ð401(a)(2),׃×Ý ƒ #ÃÝòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€which€provides€thatÐ ¸'#& Ðà8  à[i]t€is€unlawful€for€any€person€to€drive€or€to€be€in€physical€control€of€any€automobileÐ ° Ðor€other€motor€driven€vehicle€on€any€of€the€public€roads€and€highways€of€the€state,Ð œì Ðor€on€any€streets€or€alleys,€or€while€on€the€premises€of€any€shopping€center,€trailerÐ ˆØ Ðpark€or€any€apartment€house€complex,€or€any€other€premises€which€is€generallyÐ tÄ Ðfrequented€by€the€public€at€large,€while€.€.€.€[t]he€alcohol€concentration€in€suchÐ `° Ðperson's€blood€or€breath€is€ten-hundredths€of€one€percent€(.10%)€or€more.ÐL œÐ Ð  Ðà  à€Ð 8 ˆ Ðà  àThere€was€sufficient€evidence€for€a€reasonable€jury€to€conclude€that€the€Defendantððs€bloodÐ $ t Ðalcohol€level€was€at€least€.10€percent€at€the€time€of€his€arrest.€€The€Defendant€admitted€that€he€drankÐ  ` Ðsix€beers€within€a€two€hour€period€immediately€before€he€was€stopped.€€Officers€Benjamin€and€WebbÐ ü L  Ðboth€testified€that€the€Defendant€appeared€to€be€intoxicated€at€the€time€of€his€arrest€and€that€he€wasÐ è 8  Ðunable€to€perform€any€of€the€field€sobriety€tests.€€The€Defendantððs€blood€alcohol€concentration€wasÐ Ô$  Ðtested€at€12:47€a.m.€and€determined€to€be€.17€percent.€€Based€on€the€facts€and€circumstances€of€thisÐ À  Ðcase,€it€is€reasonable€to€assume€that€the€Defendant€was€intoxicated€while€driving€his€truck.€€OurÐ ¬ü  Ðsupreme€court€has€previously€held€thatÐ ˜è  Ðà8  à[t]he€jury€may€use€their€common€knowledge€and€experience€in€deciding€whether€aÐ „Ô  Ðfact€is€logically€deducible€from€the€circumstances€in€evidence,€or€in€makingÐ pÀ Ðreasonable€inferences€from€the€evidence,€and€may€test€the€truth€and€weight€of€theÐ \¬ Ðevidence€by€their€own€general€knowledge€and€judgment€derived€from€experience,Ð H˜ Ðobservation,€and€reflection;€but€neither€jurors€nor€judges€when€acting€as€arbiters€ofÐ 4„ Ðguilt€are€permitted€to€base€their€decisions€on€the€existence€or€non-existence€of€factsÐ  p Ðaccording€to€their€personal€beliefs€or€experiences,€but€only€on€facts€established€byÐ  \ Ðlegal€and€competent€evidence€or€on€inferences€deducible€from€such€proven€facts€asÐ øH Ðare€authorized€by€law.€€Within€proper€limitations€jurors€may€call€on€commonÐ ä4 Ðknowledge€and€experience€in€arguing€with€fellow€jurors.ÐÐ Ð Ð  ÐòòFairbanks€v.€Stateóó,€508€S.W.2d€67,€69€(Tenn.€1974);€òòseeóó€òòalsoóó€òòTrousdale€v.€Stateóó,€76€S.W.2d€646,€647Ð ¼  Ð(Tenn.€1934).€€€We€conclude€that€the€juryððs€determination€that€the€Defendantððs€blood€alcoholÐ ¨ø Ðconcentration€was€at€least€.10€percent€at€the€time€of€his€arrest€to€a€be€a€reasonable€inference€from€theÐ ”ä Ðevidence€presented.€€òòSeeóó€òòFairbanksóó,€508€S.W.2d€at€69.Ð €Ð ÐÌà@Ô Ô ìàB.€Admission€of€Breath€Alcohol€Test€Into€EvidenceˆÐ X ¨ ÐÌà  àThe€Defendant€argues€that€the€trial€court€erred€in€admitting€the€results€of€the€blood€alcoholÐ 0"€  Ðtest€into€evidence.€€Specifically,€the€Defendant€argues€that€the€State€did€not€meet€the€requirementsÐ #l! Ðfor€admissibility€set€out€in€òòState€v.€Sensingóó,€843€S.W.2d€412,€416€(Tenn.€1992).€€In€òòSensingóó,€ourÐ $X" Ðsupreme€court€adopted€the€following€test€regarding€the€admission€of€blood€alcohol€tests:Ð ô$D # Ðà8  à[T]he€testing€officer€must€be€able€to€testify€(1)€that€the€tests€were€performed€inÐ à%0!$ Ðaccordance€with€the€standards€and€operating€procedure€promulgated€by€the€forensicÐ Ì&"% Ðservices€division€of€the€Tennessee€Bureau€of€Investigation,€(2)€that€he€was€properlyÐ ¸'#& Ðcertified€in€accordance€with€those€standards,€(3)€that€the€evidentiary€breath€testingÐ ¤(ô#' Ðinstrument€used€was€certified€by€the€forensic€services€division,€was€tested€regularlyÐ ° Ðfor€accuracy€and€was€working€properly€when€the€breath€test€was€performed,€(4)€thatÐ œì Ðthe€motorist€was€observed€for€the€requisite€20€minutes€prior€to€the€test,€and€duringÐ ˆØ Ðthis€period,€he€did€not€have€foreign€matter€in€his€mouth,€did€not€consume€anyÐ tÄ Ðalcoholic€beverage,€smoke,€or€regurgitate,€(5)€evidence€that€he€followed€theÐ `° Ðprescribed€operational€procedure,€(6)€identify€the€printout€record€offered€in€evidenceÐ L œ Ðas€the€result€of€the€test€given€to€the€person€tested.Ð8 ˆÐ Ð  ÐòòId.óóà  à€Ð $ t ÐÌà  àThe€Defendant€argues€(1)€that€the€State€failed€to€establish€that€the€machine€was€workingÐ ü L  Ðproperly€when€the€breath€test€was€performed,€(2)€that€the€State€failed€to€ask€whether€the€tests€wereÐ è 8  Ðperformed€in€accordance€with€the€standards€and€operating€procedure€promulgated€by€the€forensicÐ Ô$  Ðservices€division€of€the€Tennessee€Bureau€of€Investigation,€(3)€that€the€State€failed€to€presentÐ À  Ðevidence€that€the€examiner€followed€the€prescribed€operational€procedure,€and€(4)€that€he€was€notÐ ¬ü  Ðobserved€for€the€requisite€twenty€minutes.€€òòSeeóó€òòid.ó󀀀Р˜è  ÐÌà  àOfficer€Kelley€testified€that€he€was€a€certified€operator€of€the€Intoximeter€EC„IR€and€that€heÐ pÀ Ðfollowed€the€standard€operating€procedures€required€by€the€T.B.I.€and€his€department€inÐ \¬ Ðadministering€the€test€to€the€Defendant.€€Officer€Kenneth€Sharp€testified€that€the€machine€that€wasÐ H˜ Ðused€was€calibrated€and€certified€by€the€T.B.I.€approximately€every€three€months.€€Kelley€testifiedÐ 4„ Ðthat€he€and€Officer€Benjamin€observed€the€Defendant€for€the€requisite€twenty€minutes€beforeÐ  p Ðobtaining€information€from€the€Defendant€to€type€into€the€computer.€€Before€the€test€was€actuallyÐ  \ Ðperformed,€the€Intoximeter€ran€a€ð ðblank€testðð€to€insure€that€it€was€working€properly.€€The€machineÐ øH Ðgave€a€printout€indicating€that€it€was€functioning€as€it€should.€€Kelley€then€administered€the€test€toÐ ä4 Ðthe€Defendant.€€Although€some€evidence€was€presented€which€contradicted€the€testimony€of€OfficersÐ Ð  ÐKelley€and€Benjamin€regarding€the€amount€of€time€that€they€observed€the€Defendant,€the€trial€courtÐ ¼  Ðobviously€found€the€testimony€of€the€officers€to€be€credible.€€Thus,€we€conclude€that€the€test€wasÐ ¨ø Ðproperly€admitted€into€evidence.€€Ð ”ä ÐÌà@ìàC.€Newly€Discovered€EvidenceˆÐ l¼ ÐÌà  àThe€Defendant€argues€that€the€trial€court€erred€in€denying€his€motion€for€a€new€trial€basedÐ D!” Ðon€newly€discovered€evidence.€€Specifically,€the€Defendant€refers€to€a€radio€log€documenting€theÐ 0"€  Ðtime€that€Officer€Kelley€arrived€at€the€jail.€€Ð #l! ÐÌà  àA€new€trial€on€the€basis€of€newly€discovered€evidence€should€be€granted€in€cases€where€(1)Ð ô$D # Ðthe€defendant€has€been€reasonably€diligent€in€obtaining€evidence,€(2)€the€materiality€of€the€newÐ à%0!$ Ðevidence€is€apparent,€and€(3)€the€evidence€is€likely€to€change€the€result€of€the€trial.€€òòState€v.Ð Ì&"% ÐSingletonóó,€853€S.W.2d€490,€496€(Tenn.€1993).€€In€order€to€be€entitled€to€a€new€trial€based€on€newlyÐ ¸'#& Ðdiscovered€evidence,€a€defendant€must€demonstrate€that€all€three€prongs€of€the€test€have€been€met.€Ð ¤(ô#' ÐòòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Nicholsóó,€877€S.W.2d€722,€737€(Tenn.€1994).€€The€decision€to€grant€or€deny€a€new€trialÐ )à$( Ðon€the€basis€of€newly€discovered€evidence€rests€within€the€sound€discretion€of€the€trial€judge.€€òòStateÐ |*Ì%) Ðv.€Caldwellóó,€977€S.W.2d€110,€117€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1997).€€Accordingly,€our€standard€of€reviewÐ h+¸&* Ðis€abuse€of€discretion.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Meadóó,€942€S.W.2d€561,€565€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1996).Ô‡XÙXXXÙÔÐ ° Ðà  àà ` àÌÔ#†XÙXXXÙys#Ôà  àð ð[T]he€trial€court€may€determine€the€credibility€of€any€newly€discovered€evidence,€and€if€theÐ ˆØ Ðcourt€concludes€that€the€evidence€would€not€be€worthy€of€belief€by€the€jury,€the€court€should€denyÐ tÄ Ðthe€motion€for€new€trial.ðð€€òòState€v.€Marlon€D.€Beauregardóó,€No.€W1999„01496„CCA„R3„CD,€2000Ð `° ÐWL€705978,€at€*4€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,€Jackson,€May€26,€2000)€(citing€òòEvans€v.€Stateóó,€557€S.W.2dÐ L œ Ð927,€938€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1977)).€€Additionally,€it€is€a€well„settled€rule€that€newly€discoveredÐ 8 ˆ Ðimpeachment€evidence€will€not€constitute€persuasive€grounds€for€a€new€trial€unless€the€impeachmentÐ $ t Ðevidence€is€so€crucial€to€the€issue€of€the€Defendantððs€guilt€or€innocence€that€the€admission€of€theÐ  ` Ðnewly€discovered€impeachment€evidence€will€probably€result€in€an€acquittal.€€òòSeeóó€òòSingleton,óó€853Ð ü L  ÐS.W.2d€at€496;€òòState€v.€Rogersóó,€703€S.W.2d€166,€169€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1985).Ô‡XÙXXXÙÔÐ è 8  ÐÌà  àIn€this€case,€the€Defendant€sought€a€new€trial€based€on€an€affidavit€by€Rachel€Johnson,€theÐ À  Ðdispatcher€for€the€Clinton€Police€Department.€€According€to€Johnson,€the€departmentððs€radioÐ ¬ü  Ðdispatch€log€indicated€that€Officer€Kelley€was€dispatched€to€the€jail€at€12:27€a.m.€on€February€28,Ð ˜è  Ð1998,€arrived€at€the€jail€at€12:49€a.m.,€and€returned€to€duty€at€12:56€a.m.€€The€trial€court€denied€theÐ „Ô  ÐDefendantððs€motion,€stating€that€the€test€was€challenged€at€the€time€of€the€trial.€€According€to€theÐ pÀ Ðtrial€court,€ð ð[t]his€newly€discovered€evidence€is€additional€accumulated€„€impeachable€„€evidenceÐ \¬ Ðwhich€in€this€Courtððs€opinion€should€not€be€the€basis€for€granting€a€new€trial.ðð€€The€trial€court€alsoÐ H˜ Ðstated€that€the€information€was€available€to€defense€counsel€before€trial.Ð 4„ ÐÌà  àWe€conclude€that€the€trial€court€properly€denied€the€Defendantððs€motion€for€a€new€trial€basedÐ  \ Ðon€Johnsonððs€affidavit.€€Although€the€evidence€may€have€been€material€to€the€case,€the€DefendantÐ øH Ðfailed€to€show€that€reasonable€diligence€was€exercised€in€obtaining€the€evidence.€€According€to€theÐ ä4 Ðtrial€court,€the€evidence€was€available€to€the€defense€before€the€trial.€€Johnson€certified€that€aÐ Ð  Ðcontemporaneous€recording€in€the€log€was€required€by€departmental€policies€and€procedures.€Ð ¼  ÐMoreover,€it€is€unlikely€that€the€new€impeaching€evidence€would€have€necessarily€changed€the€resultÐ ¨ø Ðof€the€trial.€€There€was€substantial€testimony€at€trial€regarding€the€timing€of€the€test€and€theÐ ”ä Ðobservation€period.€€The€log€sought€to€be€introduced€indicated€that€Officer€Kelley€arrived€at€the€jailÐ €Ð Ðat€12:49€a.m.;€however,€the€test€results€of€the€breathalyser€indicated€that€Kelley€administered€the€testÐ l¼ Ðat€12:47€a.m.€€Thus,€this€evidence€was€Ô#†XÙXXXÙ x#Ônot€so€crucial€to€the€issue€of€the€Defendantððs€guilt€orÐ X ¨ Ðinnocence€that€the€admission€of€the€newly€discovered€impeachment€evidence€would€probably€haveÐ D!” Ðresulted€in€an€acquittal.€€òòSeeóó€òòSingleton,óó€853€S.W.2d€at€496;€òòRogersóó,€703€S.W.2d€at€169.Ð 0"€  ÐÌà  àAccordingly,€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court€is€AFFIRMED.Ô#†¼[•»XXÙw #ÔÔ€XÙX»¼[•ÔÐ $X" ÐÌÌÌà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à___________________________________€Ð ¸'#& Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àROBERT€W.€WEDEMEYER,€JUDGE