WPCw bD*?tm_W!q4:֡wo DG1r|ݹN Xseُle#7m|D& uJk LIZ3H)Btl%^FLUԂQf 6 Ɲ"e,hw/=y:y| gW8ЮĴ]fZ9k/2Qgb~v1IQ`౨{eSmpxxB P/ݹ5aZ糖g|[ilNtM#|M;up=% +0|1?f~ k6'y/9/o`;I,|bp<FO-D xO'ra i,xxy" &[ko3[؉/^є8n@l}Fę(ΘɀAdx5P8}7\U %F U:L 0( UN w@ 4< P _ 0l 0D^ U:    U:                    B> > > > > > > > D3[ [ [ 0D AO !! 0D D/+ BZX,  AZ"Arial Regular($(hH  Z 6Times New Roman Regular EEE&eDeӀ '3|x     `   1    SeeTrialTranscript,page14.  ((3$ !      0  (#$  0  ,cAZ"Arial Regular XXXXXX   Ad FILED!   August17,1999  CecilCrowson,Jr.9!AppellateCourt  Clerk ,cAZ"Arial Regular d""""'dxd(3$ !  -C<< CLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5($$   1  ' dxdP Pd !  XXXX  TR[A' Legal3'A' Legal3'Tr *<,(j 8 `@E tt0"Hrߛ@  INTHECOURTOFCRIMINALAPPEALSOFTENNESSEE  @=='ATKNOXVILLE@CC%JULY1999SESSIONSTATEOFTENNESSEE, @-)  ` @-) p NO.03C019807CR00259   L   ` Appellee,@-)  8  @-) p McMINNCOUNTY     VS. @-)   @-) p HON.CARROLLL.ROSS,   CHRISSMITH, @-) p JUDGE    @-) ` Appellant.@-) p (SaleofCocaineThreeCounts) d (  @(#(#( FORTHEAPPELLANT: L CHARLESM.CORN DistrictPublicDefender   WILLIAMC.DONALDSON   (AtTrial) x AssistantDistrictPublicDefender110WashingtonAvenueNEAthens,TN37303 JOHNE.HERBISON  F  (OnAppeal) !2  2016EighthAvenueSouthNashville,TN372042202 $#  FORTHEAPPELLEE: L# PAULG.SUMMERS  $% AttorneyGeneralandReporter TODDR.KELLEY  ( AssistantAttorneyGeneralCordellHullBuilding,2ndFloor425FifthAvenueNorthNashville,TN372430493 JERRYN.ESTES   F. DistrictAttorneyGeneral WILLIAMW.REEDY  #1 AssistantDistrictAttorneyGeneral130WashingtonAvenueNEP.O.Box647Athens,TN373710647 )h$7 (  @( OPINIONFILED:򀀀 H0+= AFFIRMEDJOEG.RILEY,JUDGE  72E  XXXX7_XdXXd7@'OPINION    ` Defendant,ChrisSmith,wasconvictedbyaMcMinnCountyjuryonthreecountsofsellingcocaineunder0.5grams,ClassCfelonies.ThetrialcourtsentenceddefendantasaRangeIImultipleoffendertotenyearsoneachcounttorunconcurrently.Thefollowingissuesarepresentedinthisappealasofright:8 ` (1)whetherthetrialcourterredindenyingdefendantsmotiontoπsevertheoffenses; ` `  8 ` (2)whethertheevidencewassufficienttoestablishvenueinMcMinnπCounty;and ` `  8 ` (3)whetherthesentencesareexcessive. ` `  Afteracarefulreviewoftherecord,wefindnoerrorand AFFIRM thejudgmentof  thetrialcourt.@+ FACTS  8  ` Althoughdefendantdoesnotchallengethesufficiencyofthesubstantiveevidencetosupporttheconvictions,abriefsummaryofthefactswouldbeappropriate.ThestatesproofshowedthatonJuly17,18,and19,1996,anundercoveragentpurchasedcrackcocainefromdefendant.OneachoccasionthetransactionoccurredonKilgoreStreetinAthens;thedefendantapproachedtheagentsvehicle;theagentgavethedefendant$100;theagentwasaskedtocircletheblock;andthedefendantsubsequentlygavetotheagentslightlylessthan0.5gramsofcrackcocaine.Thedefendantofferednoproofattrial.@# SEVERANCEOFOFFENSES  /X*/  ` Defendantcontendsthetrialcourterredinnotseveringthethreecountsforseparatetrials.Thestatecontendstheoffenseswerepartofacommonschemeorplanandwereproperlytriedtogether.Wefindnoreversibleerrorinrefusingtosevertheoffenses. 9,5; @! A.CommonSchemeorPlan    ` Eventhoughoffensesareproperlyjoinedinanindictment,adefendanthastherighttoseveranceoftheoffenses unlesstheoffensesarepartofacommonschemeorplanandtheevidenceofonewouldbeadmissibleuponthetrialoftheothers.Tenn.R.Cr.P.14(b)(1).A commonschemeorplanisestablishedifthe    modusoperandioftheoffensesissimilar,andtheyoccurwithinacloseproximity   oftimeandlocationsothattherecanbelittledoubtthattheoffenseswerecommittedbythesamedefendant.Statev.Peacock,638S.W.2d837,840(Tenn.  p Crim.App.1982).ThisCourthasrepeatedlyacknowledgedthecommonschemeorplanapplicationtodrugtransactionswithsimilarfactualpatterns.SeeStatev.  SteveEdwardHouston,C.C.A.No.01C019711CC00510,GilesCounty(Tenn.  Crim.App.filedOctober28,1998,atNashville)(citingnumerousdecisionsofthisCourtauthorizingconsolidationforsimilardrugtransactions).Inthecaseatbar,allthreeoffensesinvolvedthesameundercoveragent,thesamedefendant,thesamelocationofsale,thesameamountofmoney,asimilaramountofcrackcocaine,asimilarmethodofoperationbythedefendant,andoccurredonthreeconsecutivedays.Weconcludetheseoffensesconstitutea commonschemeorplanascontemplatedbyTenn.R.Crim.P.14(b)(1).@! B.Tenn.R.Evid.404(b)  ($(  ` Tenn.R.Crim.P.14(b)(1)setsforthanadditionalrequirementfortrialconsolidation;namely,theevidenceofeachoffensemustbeadmissibleinthetrialoftheothers.ThismustbedeterminedpursuanttoTenn.R.Evid.404(b).See /@+0 Statev.Hoyt,928S.W.2d935,944(Tenn.Crim.App.1995).Tenn.R.Evid.404(b) 1-2 relatestotheadmissibilityofothercrimesandrequires(1)ajuryouthearing;(2)adeterminationofamaterialissueotherthanconductconformingwithacharactertrait;and(3)afindingthatprobativevalueoutweighsunfairprejudice.Id.Evidence $7t28 ofothercrimesmaybeadmissibletoshowmotive;intent;guiltyknowledge;identity; 8D4: absenceofmistakeoraccident;acommonschemeorplan;orcompletionofthestory.N.Cohenetal., TennesseeLawofEvidencee ,404.6(3ded.1995). |  ` AlthoughthetrialcourtdidnotmakefindingsasrequiredbyTenn.R.Evid.404(b),defendantisentitledtonorelief.Thedefendantsparticipationineachoffensewasprobativeofhisidentityandestablishedacommonschemeorplan.Furthermore,thefactsofeachcasewereidenticalexceptforthedate. ` Thisissueiswithoutmerit.@+ VENUE    ` DefendantcontendsthestatefailedtoestablishvenuesincetheonlytestimonyrelatingtovenuewasthatKilgoreStreetwas [h]ereinAthens.Wedisagreewithdefendantscontention. ` Thestatemustprovevenuebya preponderanceoftheevidence.Tenn.CodeAnn.3911201(e).ThestatesproofindicatedthatthedrugtransactionstookplaceinAthens.ThejurycouldproperlydeterminethatAthensisinMcMinnCounty.SeeStatev.Marbury,908S.W.2d405,408(Tenn.Crim.App.1995); &@"& Statev.Chadwick,750S.W.2d161,165(Tenn.Crim.App.1987).Furthermore, ($( boththedefendantandthestatehaveoverlookedthetestimonyofDetectiveBillMatthews,whomonitoredallthreetransactions,andrespondedaffirmativelywhenaskedif alltheseeventsoccurredinMcMinnCounty,Tennessee.  %  1      ׀ $.t).  ` Thisissueiswithoutmerit. T506 @( SENTENCING    ` InhisfinalissueDefendantcontendsthetrialcourterredinitsdeterminationofenhancementandmitigatingfactorsandimposedanexcessivesentence.Wedisagree.X_XX X_ ` ThisCourtsreviewofthesentenceimposedbythetrialcourtisdenovowith   apresumptionofcorrectness.Tenn.CodeAnn.4035401(d).Thispresumptionisconditioneduponanaffirmativeshowingintherecordthatthetrialjudgeconsideredthesentencingprinciplesandallrelevantfactsandcircumstances.Statev.Ashby,823S.W.2d166,169(Tenn.1991).# X_XXX_##Ԁ   ` Thepresentencereportindicatesthatthedefendanthad17priorconvictions,including11felonyconvictions.Manyofthefelonyconvictionsapparentlywerecommittedonthesamedate,therebylimitingdefendanttoaRangeIIoffender.Defendantwasonfelonyprobationatthetimeofthecommissionoftheinstantoffenses.Furthermore,defendantwasonprobationwhenhecommittedandwassubsequentlyconvictedofcasualexchangeofdrugs.However,thecasualexchangeoccurredafterthedateofcommissionofthepresentoffensesbutpriortosentencingonthepresentoffenses. ` Thetrialcourtfoundnomitigatingfactors.Thetrialcourtfoundthefollowingenhancementfactors:previoushistoryofcriminalconvictionsinadditiontothosenecessarytoestablishRangeIIpunishment;previoushistoryofunwillingnesstocomplywiththeconditionsofasentenceinvolvingreleaseinthecommunity;andcommissionoftheinstantfelonieswhileonprobationforafelony.SeeTenn.Code 1,2 Ann.4035114(1),(8),(13)(C). ` Defendantcontendsthetrialcourterredinfailingtofindasamitigatingfactorthatdefendantsconductneithercausednorthreatenedseriousbodilyinjury.See 804: Tenn.CodeAnn.4035113(1).Thisfactorneednotbeappliedtothoseconvictedofsellingcocaine.Statev.Vanderford,980S.W.2d390,407(Tenn. | Crim.App.1997). ` Defendantfinallycontendsthetrialcourterredinfindingaprevioushistoryofunwillingnesstocomplywithconditionsofasentenceinvolvingreleaseinthecommunity.Tenn.CodeAnn.4035114(8).Althoughdefendantconcedeshewasconvictedofthecasualexchangeofdrugswhichwascommittedwhilehewasonprobationforaprioroffense,hearguesthisenhancementfactorisnotapplicablesincethecommissionofthatoffenseoccurredafterthecommissionofthepresent , offenses.Acriminalconvictionorcriminalbehavioroccurringpriortothe  sentencinghearingmaybeconsideredasevidenceofapriorhistoryofcriminalconvictionsorcriminalbehaviorunderTenn.CodeAnn.4035114(1),regardlessofwhetherthecriminalbehavioroccurredbeforeorafterthecommissionoftheoffenseunderconsideration.SeeStatev.BurlJarrett,C.C.A.No.02C019710CC ( 00418,HardemanCounty(Tenn.Crim.App.filedAugust21,1998,atJackson);Statev.JohnAllenChapman,C.C.A.No.01C019604CC00137,GrundyCounty t!  (Tenn.Crim.App.filedSeptember30,1997,atNashville).Regardlessofwhetherthequestionedconvictionconvictionisconsideredunderenhancementfactorr(1))orenhancementfactor(8),weseenoreasontoreducethesentence.@xx( CONCLUSION  p*%*  ` Forthesereasons,we AFFIRM thejudgmentofthetrialcourt. .d).  95; /(#____________________________ `     h      p JOEG.RILEY,JUDGE    CONCUR: ____________________________    GARYR.WADE,PRESIDINGJUDGE ____________________________  F DAVIDH.WELLES,JUDGE