ÿWPCz 3LüЋ÷–ítš4þãÁôžê€—ÅÐ2I£Ý±Ÿ˜ëÂÜ7é£À|›*7«‹¶ÀÛ£õYú˜EQñe„÷1}7”tØÜ§¼R—(MîÇGðI!ßu ìŵó§/QSB¤-³¨w~à•àb nwÿ´z¢ÜuÁ_Qø6h#B |d QV90ÜE¨}ra¬BÚ_¡ ¶”J„ÖP.w‚h62 öî›ïÅo¯’ÆP–%®<ðkE°5›ι°ã?Ukësëbâ~1*Nƒ¹æ‚|Z¥ÁÊNnL±ÌHt&"t£Ö±'|U._@ÎG(‹Rr¥oçW.ìCµDËû-(ÃEBSŠÙ3÷uPÜ•‹¦<°ÔWr7F & g†2¡T:VIÃùv†-ÖzÛÐh'á>Æ):fU¸øÙDNÆôåóO8ìØFYÿi‹}÷®É *:)µJèצôñQP­vò1k›§Ï;dvªd®'py ¸Åh(“àV³gIÛ|>UÈõà³~Š'&{e=Rµn1ëŸÞ¢Á9ó¾4$õ2rSù‰ýŠó¡ø½.ÉKسÉ}ß7;ùR‰241} fjÙÐã¥jH²ñb#Á\ % N# 0ˆ% U N­ û è zë Òe z7 Ò± ^ ƒ w Æ“ ÆYÆÆå4«N¿ÁÐEÒ mÔU@ë 0D+++++++++++++++++++++boooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo 0ëwwww Bbb 0¤ D3# D-V 0Kƒƒ ASÎÆ! 0¤ç 0D‹ A«Ï˜HP LaserJet 4050 Series PCL 6ÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈ0»(`£ª$¡¡Ñ€.ÑÑ8€½­»»d»»d8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  Ó(í€"  Z6Times New Roman Regular  ÞÝ ƒRµ$ÝÓ  Óà  àòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÔ€ôø•ò»»ÔÝ  ÝÔ_ÔThe€petitioner's€brief€refers€to€"an€amended€charge€of€sexual€battery€by€an€authority€figure."€€ ˜C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wpt ˜C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wpt9~o+s Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5‚Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5„Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5…Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5Yo†)Q)T„Progra3|xÿU‹ÿÀÀÀ(ÆúI Z‹(Times New Roman (#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó- ù-(|G2µ$¤¤Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€Iý»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  ÚóóÔ€ôø•ò»»Ô d(|3’$££Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€Iý»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝVVVV'ÿÿdxd)!ÈÈÈÈdxdx( ±þ$’’ò òFigure€Ú  Ú1Ú  Úó ó^_X`YEþÿ<<CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(|3’$¢¢Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€Iý»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó óX[Z&OLE 2.0 Box <=8ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿCÿÿ HKKKKÝ ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€Iý»»ddÈ8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÑ  ÑÑ  ÑÔ€¼Iý»»»ÔÑ8€QXXdì»»d8ÑÔ€¼Iý»»¼IýÔà@ttìàÔ‡îJIýÔIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEˆÐ ° Ðà@õõ%ìàAT€JACKSONÔ#†¼Iý»îîJ+#ԈРÖ& ÐÓ  Óà @ àà @` àAssigned€on€Briefs€October€2,€2001Ð üL ÐÔ‡XQX»¼IýÔÌò òÔ#†¼Iý»XXQ=#ÔJAVIER€SOTO„Ô_ÔHURTADOÔ_Ô€v.€STATE€OF€TENNESSEEÔ‡XQX»¼IýÔó óÐ úJ ÐÌà@@½½ìàò òDirect€Appeal€from€the€Circuit€Court€for€Lauderdale€CountyÐ ú J Ðà@@øøìàNo.€5438€€€€€€Joseph€H.€Walker,€Judge€Ð æ 6 ÐÌà@@ìì*ìàßA€V) °°` d€÷E<½ ` AßÐ ¾   ÐÌà@@TTìàNo.€W2000„03173„CCA„R3„CO€„€Filed€November€9,€Ô_Ô2001Ô_ÔÐ ¹  ÐÌßA€V) °°` dE<` AßÐ ‘á  Ðó óÌÓ  ÓThe€petitioner,€Javier€Soto„Ô_ÔHurtadoÔ_Ô,€appeals€from€the€trial€court's€denial€of€habeas€corpus€relief.€€InÐ ŒÜ  Ðthis€appeal€of€right,€the€petitioner€contends€that€his€conviction€for€sexual€battery€is€void.€€TheÐ xÈ  Ðjudgment€is€affirmed.Ð d´ ÐÓóÓÌò òTenn.€R.€App.€P.€3;€Judgment€of€the€Trial€Court€Affirmedó óÐ <Œ ÐÌòòÓ  ÓÔ#†¼Iý»àXQÌ#ÔÔ‡XQX.¼IýÔGary€R.€Wade,€Ô_ÔP.J.Ô_Ôóó,€delivered€the€opinion€of€the€court,€in€which€òòJoseph€M.€Ô_ÔTiptonÔ_Ôóó€and€òòRobertÐ d ÐW.€Ô_ÔWedemeyerÔ_Ô,€JJ.óó,€joined.Ð P ÐÌC.€Michael€Robbins,€Memphis,€Tennessee€(on€appeal),€and€Ô_ÔRosellaÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔShackelfordÔ_Ô,€Paris,€TennesseeÐ Ø( Ð(at€trial),€for€the€appellant,€Javier€Soto„Ô_ÔHurtadoÔ_Ô.Ô#†¼Iý»XXQÓ#ÔÔ‡XQX»¼IýÔ€Ð Ä ÐÌPaul€G.€Summers,€Attorney€General€&€Reporter;€Jennifer€L.€Ô_ÔBledsoeÔ_Ô,€Assistant€Attorney€General;Ð œì Ðand€Elizabeth€T.€Rice,€District€Attorney€General,€for€the€appellee,€State€of€Tennessee.Ð ˆØ ÐÓ¤ÓÌà@@OO&ìàò òOPINIONÐ `° ÐÌó óÓ  Óà  àIn€March€of€2000,€the€petitioner€was€indicted€by€a€Henry€County€grand€jury.€€The€followingÐ 8!ˆ  Ðallegations,€in€pertinent€part,€appear€in€the€indictment:Ð $"t! ÐÌà8  àThat€.€.€.€Javier€Soto„Ô_ÔHurtadoÔ_Ô€.€.€.€on€or€about€the€27[th]€day€of€November,€1999,€inÐ ü#L# Ðthe€county€aforesaid,€did€knowingly€or€intentionally€commit€aggravated€rape€byÐ è$8 $ Ðhaving€unlawful€sexual€penetration€of€Ô_ÔCandiceÔ_Ô€Gardner,€the€said€.€.€.€Javier€Soto„Ð Ô%$!% ÐÔ_ÔHurtadoÔ_Ô€.€.€.€being€aided€and€abetted€by€one€or€more€persons,€thereby€committing€theÐ À&"& Ðoffense€of€aggravated€rape,€in€violation€of€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„13„502(a)(3),Ð ¬'ü"' Ðagainst€the€€peace€and€dignity€of€the€State€of€Tennessee.€€Ð˜(è#(Ð Ð  Ðâ âÐ „)Ô$)ý7 ÐÔ_Ôà  àOn€July€10,€2000,€the€petitioner€pled€guilty€to€sexual€battery€by€an€authority€figure,׃×Ý ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€a€ClassÐ ° ÐC€felony.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„13„527.€€Ô#†¼Iý»XXQ* #ÔÔ‡XQX»¼IýÔThe€record€does€not€include€any€factual€stipulations.€Ð œì ÐThe€trial€court€imposed€a€Range€III€sentence€of€12€years.€€Ð ˆØ Ðâ âÌà  àOn€November€9,€2000,€while€incarcerated€in€the€West€Tennessee€State€Penitentiary€inÐ `° ÐHenning,€the€petitioner€filed€a€petition€for€writ€of€habeas€corpus€alleging€that€the€conviction€was€voidÐ L œ Ðbecause€the€indictment€was€defective.€€The€petitioner€alleged€that€the€indictment€for€aggravated€rapeÐ 8 ˆ Ðfailed€to€specify€the€aggravating€condition€on€which€the€prosecution€was€based.€€Specifically,€theÐ $ t Ðdefendant€contended€that€the€indictment€does€not€state€whether€the€penetration,€allegedly€aided€andÐ  ` Ðabetted€by€one€or€more€persons,€was€accompanied€by€"force€or€coercion"€or€whether€the€petitionerÐ ü L  Ðhad€reason€to€know€that€the€victim€was€"mentally€defective,€mentally€incapacitated,€or€physicallyÐ è 8  Ðhelpless"€as€required€by€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€section€39„13„502(a)(3)(A),€(B).€€Ð Ô$  ÐÌà  àThe€trial€court€determined€that€the€Henry€County€indictment€included€the€elements€of€theÐ ¬ü  Ðoffense€and€sufficiently€apprized€the€petitioner€of€the€nature€of€the€aggravated€rape€charges.€€BasedÐ ˜è  Ðupon€that€determination,€the€trial€court€ruled€that€the€petitioner€was€not€entitled€habeas€corpus€relief.€Ð „Ô  ÐÌÔ#†¼Iý»XXQ¢#ÔÔ‡XQX»¼IýÔà  àIn€this€appeal,€the€defendant€argues€that€the€aggravated€rape€indictment€was€insufficientÐ \¬ Ðbecause€it€failed€to€allege€whether€the€crime€was€committed€by€force€or€whether€the€crime€wasÐ H˜ Ðaccomplished€due€to€mental€incapacitation€of€the€victim.€€He€relies€in€part€on€Article€I,€ðð€9€of€theÐ 4„ ÐTennessee€Constitution,€which€guarantees€that€"in€all€criminal€prosecutions,€the€accused€[has]€theÐ  p Ðright€.€.€.€to€demand€the€nature€and€cause€of€the€accusation€against€him,€and€have€a€copy€thereof.€.Ð  \ Ð.€."€€Tenn.€Const.€art.€I,€ðð€9.€€€He€also€relies€upon€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€section€40„13„202,Ð øH Ðwhich€provides,€in€pertinent€part,€as€follows:Ð ä4 ÐÌà8  àà ` àThe€indictment€must€state€the€facts€constituting€the€offense€in€ordinary€andÐ ¼  Ðconcise€language,€without€prolixity€or€repetition,€in€such€a€manner€as€to€enable€aÐ ¨ø Ðperson€of€common€understanding€to€know€what€is€intended,€and€with€that€degree€ofÐ ”ä Ðcertainty€which€will€enable€the€court,€on€conviction,€to€pronounce€the€properÐ €Ð Ðjudgment€.€.€.€.Ðl¼Ð Ð  ÐÌTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„13„202.€€Ð D!” ÐÌà  àIn€response,€the€state€asserts€that€the€judgment€of€conviction€is€valid€because€there€is€noÐ #l! Ðlegislative€mandate€to€include€a€specific€mens€rea,€even€when€intent€is€an€essential€element€of€theÐ $X" Ðoffense.€€Although€the€state€did€not€address€the€validity€of€alternative€theories€within€the€indictment,Ð ô$D # Ðour€supreme€court€has€held€that€an€indictment€which€does€not€specify€which€among€three€statutoryÐ à%0!$ Ðtheories€for€the€commission€of€a€particular€crime€is€nevertheless€sufficient€to€confer€jurisdiction.€Ð Ì&"% ÐòòState€v.€Hammondsóó,€30€S.W.3d€294€(Tenn.€2000);€òòsee€alsoóó€òòState€v.€Lemacksóó,€996€S.W.2d€166€(Tenn.Ð ¸'#& Ð1999).€€€€Ð ¤(ô#' ÐÐ )à$( ÐÔ#†¼Iý»XXQ¬#ÔÔ‡XQX»¼IýÔà  àA€"person€imprisoned€or€restrained€of€[his]€liberty,€under€any€pretense€whatsoever,€.€.€.€mayÐ ° Ðprosecute€a€writ€of€habeas€corpus,€to€inquire€into€the€cause€of€such€imprisonment.€.€.€."€€Tenn.€CodeÐ œì ÐAnn.€ðð€29-21-101.€€A€writ€of€habeas€corpus,€however,€is€available€only€when€it€appears€on€the€faceÐ ˆØ Ðof€the€judgment€or€the€record€that€the€trial€court€was€without€jurisdiction€to€convict€or€sentence€theÐ tÄ Ðdefendant€or€that€the€sentence€of€imprisonment€has€otherwise€expired.€€òòArcher€v.€Stateóó,€851€S.W.2dÐ `° Ð157,€164€(Tenn.€1993);€€òòPotts€v.€Stateóó,€833€S.W.2d€60,€62€(Tenn.€1992).€€A€trial€court€mayÐ L œ Ðsummarily€dismiss€a€petition€for€writ€of€habeas€corpus€without€the€appointment€of€a€lawyer€andÐ 8 ˆ Ðwithout€an€evidentiary€hearing€if€there€is€nothing€on€the€face€of€the€judgment€to€indicate€that€theÐ $ t Ðconvictions€addressed€therein€are€void.€€òòPassarella€v.€Stateóó,€891€S.W.2d€619,€627€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.Ð  ` Ð1994).€€à ` àÐ ü L  ÐÌà  àGenerally,€defenses€based€upon€indictment€deficiencies€must€be€presented€prior€to€trial.€Ð Ô$  ÐTenn.€R.€Crim.€P.€12(b)(2)€and€(f).€€A€valid€indictment€is€essential€to€prosecution,€however,€and€mayÐ À  Ðbe€subject€to€attack€at€any€time€when€the€content€does€not€charge€an€offense€or€does€not€conferÐ ¬ü  Ðjurisdiction.€€òòDykes€v.€Comptonóó,€978€S.W.2d€528€(Tenn.€1998).€€A€criminal€indictment€must€includeÐ ˜è  ÐÔ#†¼Iý»XXQ+#ÔÔ‡XQX»¼IýÔa€sufficient€description€of€the€offense€to€ensure€that€the€defendant€understands€the€nature€of€theÐ „Ô  Ðcharge.€€òòJackson€v.€Virginiaóó,€443€U.S.€307,€314€(1979).€€The€essential€functions€of€the€indictmentÐ pÀ Ðare€to€provide€notice€of€the€charge,€enable€entry€of€a€proper€judgment€upon€conviction,€and€protectÐ \¬ Ðagainst€double€jeopardy.€€òòState€v.€Byrdóó,€820€S.W.2d€739€(Tenn.€1991).€€Ð H˜ ÐÔ#†¼Iý»XXQÃ$#ÔÔ‡XQX»¼IýÔÌà  àIn€òòState€v.€Hillóó,€954€S.W.2d€725,€729€(Tenn.€1997),€our€supreme€court€held€that€anÐ  p Ðindictment€charging€aggravated€rape€was€valid€even€though€it€did€not€allege€a€culpable€mental€stateÐ  \ Ðbecause€"the€required€mental€state€[could€be]€inferred€from€the€nature€of€the€criminal€conductÐ øH Ðalleged."€€òòóóIn€òòState€v.€Stokesóó,€954€S.W.2d€729€(Tenn.€1997),€an€indictment€for€rape€of€a€child€wasÐ ä4 Ðdetermined€to€be€sufficient€to€vest€the€trial€court€with€jurisdiction€where€it€utilized€the€language€ofÐ Ð  Ðthe€statute€but€alleged€no€culpable€mental€state.€€A€similar€result€occurred€in€òòRuff€v.€Stateóó,€978Ð ¼  ÐS.W.2d€95,€100€(Tenn.€1998),€where€the€charge€was€aggravated€sexual€battery€and€the€court€held€thatÐ ¨ø Ð"where€the€constitutional€and€statutory€requirements€outlined€in€òòHillóó€are€met,€an€indictment€whichÐ ”ä Ðcites€the€pertinent€statute€and€uses€its€language€will€be€sufficient€to€support€a€convictionÔ#†¼Iý»XXQÓ&#ÔÔ‡XQX»¼IýÔ."€òòóó€Finally,Ð €Ð Ðin€òòState€v.€Barneyóó,€986€S.W.2d€545€(Tenn.€1999),€our€supreme€court€ruled€that€intent€could€beÐ l¼ Ðlogically€inferred€from€an€indictment€including€charges€of€rape€of€a€child€and€aggravated€sexualÐ X ¨ Ðbattery,€where€it€was€alleged€that€the€defendant€had€engaged€in€"unlawful€sexual€penetration"€andÐ D!” Ð"unlawful€sexual€contact"€with€the€victim.€€Ð 0"€  ÐÌà  àIn€òòState€v.€Wilsonóó,€988€S.W.2d€148€(Tenn.€1999),€our€high€court€determined€that€anÐ $X" Ðindictment€charging€delivery€of€cocaine€which€did€not€include€an€allegation€of€the€culpable€mentalÐ ô$D # Ðstate,€"knowingly,"€was€sufficient€despite€the€omission.€€Similarly,€in€òòState€v.€Carteróó,€988€S.W.2dÐ à%0!$ Ð145€(Tenn.€1999),€our€supreme€court€ruled€that€indictments€for€felony€murder€which€made€referenceÐ Ì&"% Ðto€the€statute€but€failed€to€include€the€required€mens€rea€were€nevertheless€sufficient.€€The€courtÐ ¸'#& Ðdetermined€that€a€reference€to€the€statute€was€sufficient€notice€of€the€required€level€of€intent.€€òòId.óó€atÐ ¤(ô#' Ð149.€€In€sum,€the€more€recent€decisions€of€our€supreme€court€establish€that€an€indictment€is€adequateÐ )à$( Ðwhen€it€achieves€the€overriding€purpose€of€notice€to€the€accused.€€Ð |*Ì%) ÐÐ h+¸&* Ðà  àHere,€the€charge€was€knowing€and€intentional€aggravated€rapeÔ#†¼Iý»XXQF+#ÔÔ‡XQX»¼IýÔ€and€the€indictment€madeÐ ° Ðreference€to€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€section€ðð€39„13„502(a)(3).€€The€indictment€also€includes€theÐ œì Ðdate€of€the€offense€and€the€name€of€the€victim.€€Alternative€theories€of€guilt€within€a€singleÐ ˆØ Ðindictment€are€permissible.€€Additionally,€the€indictment€alleges€a€criminal€intent€on€the€part€of€theÐ tÄ Ðpetitioner.€€In€our€view,€the€Ô#†¼Iý»XXQc1#ÔÔ‡XQX»¼IýÔcontent€of€the€indictment€was€sufficient€to€place€the€petitioner€on€noticeÐ `° Ðof€the€nature€of€the€charges,€confer€jurisdiction€upon€the€trial€court,€and€protect€against€doubleÐ L œ Ðjeopardy.€Ð 8 ˆ ÐÌà  àAccordingly,€the€judgment€is€affirmed.€€Ð  ` ÐÌÌÌà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à_____________________________________Ð À  Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àGARY€R.€WADE,€PRESIDING€JUDGE€